江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年中考英语专题复习-语法部分：all与whole的区别

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【最新文档】中考英语词语辨析(14)-优秀word范文 (1页)

【最新文档】中考英语词语辨析(14)-优秀word范文本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==中考英语词语辨析(14)all / wholeⅠ. 二者意义（全部、都、整个）相同，然而词序不同。

Ⅱ. all 用于冠词，所有格或其它限定词之前。

whole 则用于冠词之后。

如：① all the time . ──── the whole time .全部时间② all my life ──── the whole life .我的一生③ all this confusion ─ this whole confusion .整个混乱状况。

Ⅲ. 如果没有冠词，或其它限定词， whole 不能与单数名词连用。

可以说：① The whole city was burning .但不能说：② Whole London was burning .Ⅳ. whole 和 all 与复数名词连用时意思不同。

Whole 的意思为全部，而 all 的意思则近乎每一个如：① All Indian tribes ([ traib ]部首 ) suffered from white settlement in America . 所有印第安人部首都因白人移民美洲而遭殃。

② Whole Indian tribes were killed off . 有些印第安人部落整个被杀光了。

Ⅴ. whole 一般不用来修饰不可数名词（包括物质名词）① 可以说： all the money 或 all the wine② 不可以说： the whole money 或 the whole wine .③ The whole of = whole 与单数名词连用。

它用于冠词、所有格之前。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习语法总汇

语法总汇名词的格英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。

名词所有格的规则如下：1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。

2）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the workers' struggle 工人的斗争。

3）凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。

5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。

例如：John's and Mary's rooms（两间）John and Mary's room（一间）6）复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。

例如：a month or two's absence不定冠词的用法冠词本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词的前面，帮助指明名词的含义。

英语中的冠词有三种，一种是定冠词，另一种是不定冠词，还有一种是零冠词。

不定冠词a （an）与数词one 同源，是"一个"的意思。

a用于辅音音素前，一般读作[e]，而an则用于元音音素前，一般读做[en]。

1）表示"一个"，意为one；指某人或某物，意为a certain。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习重要短语、惯用法(36组、按字母顺序)

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习重要短语、惯用法（36组、按字母顺序）have a drink(of)... 喝一杯...have a talk 听报告have lunch 吃午饭have...for lunch 午饭吃...have a meeting 开会have no idea 不知道have a rest 休息一下3. make a mistake 犯错误mistake A for B 把A错认为Btake sth. by mistake 错拿某物4. make friends with 与...交朋友make faces 做鬼脸make a fire 生火make an excuse 找籍口make a...sound 发...音make tea 沏茶make room for... 为...找出空间make it 如期赴约make a team 组成一个队Let’s make it half past one. 注意：时间前不用介词at5. turn sth. on/off 打开/关掉...turn sth. up/down 把...音量开大/小注意：当sth 是代词时，常放中间6. try sth. on 试穿（衣、鞋、帽）注意：当 sth 为it或them, 常放中间try out 试验、尝试try one’s best to do sth. 尽力干某事=do one’s best to do sth.7. send sb. away 开除、解雇某人 send sb sth送给某人某物send for sb. 派人去请某人send up 发射8. hear from sb 收到...的来信hear of 听说9. hurry off 匆匆离去，赶快去hurry up 赶快10. get to +名词 get +副词(不用to) reach+名词/副词 arrive in/at +大/小地点（后接副词，不用at/in）eg. get to Shanghai、reach Shanghai 、arrive in Shanghai 到达上海eg. reach home、get home、arrive home 到家11. teach sb. English 教某人英语 teach oneself=learn sth.by oneself 自学12.到...末为止by the end of +过去时间（用于过去完成时）by the end of +将来时间（用于一般将来时）at the end of+地点在...尽头in the end= at last 最后，终于13. hundreds of 成百上千 five hundredthousands of 成千上万的 s ix th ousandmillions of 成百万的seven million14. be pleased to do sth 很高兴地干某事be pleased with sth. 为某事而高兴15. be used for 被用来 used to do sth过去做----be used as 被当作 be used to doing sth 习惯于做谋事be used by 被...所使用be used to do sth 被用来做谋事16. so far 到目前为止，in the past/last few years 用于现在完成时17. on a Tuesday morning 一个星期二的早上on the morning of June 15th.1998 在1998年6月15日早上18. keep sb.doin g sth. 让某人一直干某事keep doing sth. 继续做某事keep on doing sth. 持续不断地做某事19. much to o+形容词／副词原级实在太...too much+不可数名词相当多的...eg. It’s _______ expensive. I can’t buy it. There’s ___________ rain this year.20. thanks to...由于，多亏thanks to one’s help=because of one’s help 由于某人的帮忙thanks for one’s help 谢谢某人的帮助21. be far away from＋a place/sb 远离某地22. because of + n.eg Because of the ra in, we can’t go out.类似还有ins tead of sb/sth23. two-month holiday=two months’ holiday 二个月的假期an eight—year—old child 一个八岁的孩子24. fall asleep 入睡（进入状态） get to sleep 入睡（还没睡着）25. stop sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人干某事eg. She stopped the child from listening.stop doing sth. 停止干某事，不再干某事 stop to do sth. 停止下来干另一件事。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年中考英语专题复习-语法部分：中考动词专项复习

一、二、一般用法1.+ing 1）.finish / enjoy / be busy / be worth / keep / spend / feel like/ prefer doing to doingmind/2）介词后+ doing：be good at / how about / what about / thank you forbe afraid of3）.动词作主语Eg 1.That old man enjoys (讲)stories to children.2.He stayed in England for two years, but he isn’t good at 说English.3.I don’t feel like 吃anything.4. —It's too hot. Would you mind_______ the door?—______.Please do it. now.A. to open, OKB. opening, Certainly notC. opening, Of courseD. to open, Good idea2.+ to do1）.ask sb. to do want sb. to do tell sb. to doallow sb. to do encourage sb. to do teach sb. to do2）.would like to do3）.It’s adj to do ；It’s best to do sth；I t’s time to do It takes sb.时段to doThere’s no time to do sth too…to do sth enough…to do sth 4）.It is adj. for sb. to do It’s nice (kind) of you. to do sth.5). not to do6). 疑问词+ to do how to do it / what to doEg. 1. It’s necessary 服medicine on time.2.I t’s not easy so much homework in one day.A. for him to doB. of him to doC. for him doingD. of him doing3. It’s you to catch the thief.A. bad forB. nice ofC. easy ofD. nice for4. It’s very cold outside. Please tell the boy the coat.A. don’t take offB. take offC. don’t put onD. not take off5. We were poor then we had no room .A. to liveB. living inC. to live inD. to stay6. I can’t drive the car, can you show me first.A. what to doB. how to doC. where to goD. what do I do7.There is a room (居住)8. ---Mum，I think I’m ______ to get back to school.一Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.A. so wellB. so goodC. well enoughD. good enough9. My teacher asked me _______ late for school again．A．not to be B．not be C．to be not10. Tell him be late for schoolA. not to B doesn't C. to not3.do (原动)1) let\make\listen to\hear\look at\watch\have\feel (主动不to,被动to)2) had better (not) do sth.3)would you please do4)why not do sth.= why don’t you do sth5)助动词+ do sth.6)情态动词（can, may, must, would, should, could）+ doEg.1. Tom wanted to make his brother (哭),but this time he is made (哭)by his brother.2. Finish your homework first, or I won’t let you .A.to go outB.go outC. going outD. will go out3 .It’s too noisy. You’d better the radio or others will be unhappy.A.to turn downB. turn onC. turn upD. turn down4. I’m very tired today. –Why a rest . A.don’t take B. not to take C. not take D. take5.do 看见某人做某事二、常见考点：（1）see / hear sb.（在主动中）doing 看见某人正在做某事to do sth.（在被动中）sb. be seen / hearddoing1.That day I saw some parents ________ at the back of the classroom，_______ to the teacher.A. sitting，listenedB. sat，listenedC. sitting，listeningD. sat，listening2. ---Do you still remember ______ me somewhere in Shanghai?---Yes，of course. Two years ago.A. to seeB. seeC. seeingD. saw形容词(2 ) make sb. （被动中）be made to do sthdo(3) 让某人做某事让别人做某事make makehave sb. + do have sth. donelet getget sb. to do sth1.---Did you have anyone ______ the trees? ---Yes，I had the trees _______.A. to water，waterB. to water，wateredC. water，to be wateredD. water，watered（4）keep doing ---- be kept to do find sb doing1.It kept for 3 days. A. on raining B to rain C. rained情态动词：+do（5）need实义动词：+to do1.You ______ to the meeting this afternoon if you have something important to do.A. needn’t to comeB. don’t need comeC. don’t need comingD. needn’t come(6) to do sth 停下来要做某事to do sth 记得/忘记要去做某事stop doing sth 停止做某事remember/forgetfrom doing sth 阻止做某事doing sth记得/忘记已做过某事1. At last the child stopped .and listened to the music.A. to cry B crying C cry（7）原形—过去式—过去分词相同的cost – cost – cost cut – cut – cut hit – hit – hit hurt – hurt – hurtlet – let – let put - put - put set - set – set read- read- readEg. 1.His sister read the picture-book three times yesterday.A. so she didB. she did soC. so did sheD. so did he2. Your father put on his clothes and went out, ?3. The boy (fall) off his bike and hurt himself.(8) 一感：feel, 二听：listen, hear,三让：have, make, let, 四看：see, watch, notice主动：+原形被动：+to do。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习重点词组和句型

重点词组和句型二、动词+副词“动词+副词”所构成的短语义分为两类：A．动词（vt.）+副词1．put on 穿上 2．take off脱下 3．write down记下此类短语可以带宾语，宾语若是名词，放在副词前后皆可；宾语若是人称代词，只能放在副词的前面。

B．动词（vi）+副词。

1．come on赶快 2．get up起床 3．go home回家4．come in进来 5．sit down坐下 6．stand up起立此类短语属于不及物动词，不可以带宾语。

三、其它类动词词组1.close the door2.1ook the same3.go to work/class4.be ill5.have a look/seat6.have supper7.1ook young 8.go shopping 9.watch TV/games10. play games[介词短语聚焦]“介词+名词/代词”所构成的短语称为介词短语。

现将Unitsl-16常用的介词短语按用法进行归类。

1．in+语言/颜色/衣帽等，表示使用某种语言或穿着……。

2．in + Row/ Team/ Class/ Grade等，表示“在……排/队/班级/年级”等。

3．in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ 表示“在上午/下午/傍晚”等一段时间。

4．in the desk/ pencil-box/bedroom 等表示“在书桌/铅笔盒/卧室里”。

5．in the tree表示“在树上 (非树本身所有)”；on the tree表示“在树上(为树本身所有)”。

6．in the wall表示“在墙上（凹陷进去）”；on the wall表示“在墙上（指墙的表面）”。

7．at work（在工作）/at school（上学）/at home（在家）应注意此类短语中无the。

8．at + 时刻表示钟点。

9．like this/that表示方式，意为“像……这/那样”。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年初中英语词法复习：三、常见习惯用语

三、常见习惯用语（一）知识概要由于英语国家的语言习惯与中国的语言习惯有许多不同之处，所以造成了许多同学在做选择或书写，或与人交谈中造成误用中国方式来对英语的问句作解答。

例如一个小女孩十分好看，可爱，外国人见到时会讲：You are so beautiful这时的答语应该是Thank you如果外国人发现你的英语不错，他们会讲：Your English is very good这时中国人常常会说：不，我说的不好。

这纯是一种礼貌的答语，但是不符合英语习惯。

它正确的答语应是Thank you 虽然交际英语有一些规律可讲，但更重要的是学习外国的生活习惯，了解他们的文化背景，（二）正误辨析［误］- What can I do for you?- Yes，please help me［正］- What can I do for you?- I'd like to buy a sweater［析］What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。

如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?［误］- Which colour do you like?- Sorry，I don't like［正］- Which colour do you like?- I prefer blue［析］由which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。

如Yes，Ilike it［误］Do you like to come with us tonight?［正］Would you like to come with us tonight?［析］Do you like …问的是对方的习惯，如：Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而would you like …则是一次性的邀请、提议。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年中考英语专题复习-语法部分：初中英语语法练习--代词

一、单句改错1. May I speak to Betty? This is her speaking.2. I like classical music. I too.3. May I call you Mr. John Smith? Sorry, you can ’t. Our Americans put our family names first.4. The flower is pretty and it ’s fragrance is sweet.5. Alice is mot quite himself today. Send for a doctor.二、将下列句子译为汉语1. The box is about this big.2. I have a room of my own.3. Which are heavier, these or those?4. He went to some city in Europe.5. Much of the time was spent on learning.三、选用方框内的词语，用其适当的形式填空In our class, we each _______ a pet. Most students look cats or dogs as _________ pets. Li Lei likes his dog very much. The dog called Dahuang follows him everywhere. Fu Di ’s pet is a black cat. He often sleeps in bed with the cat. But I don ’t like dogs or cars. I keep a parrot. It ’s easy to look after. It eats ________ food every day and can find our home easily without _________ help if it goes away. It is one of our family members. All the family members should love __________.综合测试一、单项填空1. Which tie is more suitable for me, the red or the blue one?I have on idea. You ’d better take them __________.A. allB. eachC. everyD. both2. The book is _______. I wrote _________ name in its cover ________.A. my, my, myselfB. mine, my, myselfC. mine, myself, myD. myself, mine, my3._______ school is much larger than __________.A. Their, ourB. Their, oursC. Theirs, oursD. Theirs, our4. He often talks ______ but does ________ . People like him.A. less, moreB. few, muchC. more, littleD. little, many5. What a lovely card! Where did you buy it? I made it by __________.A. meB. himselfC. myselfD. itself6. Harbin is rally a beautiful city and there’s many places of interest.So it is. Why mot stay here for _______ two days?A. otherB. othersC. another7. You look so happy. What happened? I have got an “A” in _______ P.E. test.A. yourB. herC. hisD. my8. Tom, please pass _______ the glasses. I want to read the newspapers.A. youB. meC. himD. her9. The English novel is quite easy for you. There are _______ new words in it.A. a littleB. littleC. a fewD. few10. He has two sons, One is a worker? Yes, _______ is a teacher.A. otherB. anotherC. othersD. the other11. Which do you prefer, orange or milk? _______, thanks. I’d like a cup of tea.A. EitherB. NeitherC. BothD. None12. Paul has _______ friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.A. manyB. someC. fewD. more13. Have you sent your classmates an E-mail telling them you arrived safely?No, _______ of them can use a computer.A. NoneB. BothC. NeitherD. All14. We decided to go for a field trip with some friends of _________.A. usB. ourC. oursD. ourselves.15. Is there a bus to the zoo? I’m afraid there’s ________ bus to the zoo.A. noB. anyC. someD. none二、用适当的代词填空1.Tom is a boy. _____ is twelve. Look! This is ______ sweater.2.______ am a girl. ______ name is Li Li. This is _______ teacher. Miss Ma.______ is a good teacher. We like______ class. Oh, this book is _______.3.Are these clothes ________? No, they’re not _______. Those are my clothes.4.The boys are in the classroom. ______ are with _______ teachers.5.Do _______ have a pen? Yes, I do. Can I borrow ________? Ok! Here you are.6.That is not _______ kite. That kite is very small, but ________ is very big.7.The dress is ________. Give it to ________(she).8.Show _______ your kite, Ok? (they)9.I have a beautiful cat. _______ name is Mimi. These cakes are _________. (it)10.Are these _______ tickets? No, _______ are not ________. _______ aren’t here. (they)三、用适当的疑问代词和关系代词填空1.______ is the population of the world today?2. ______ jumped the longest of all in the long jump?3. _______ colour is you mother’s dress? It’s black.4. _______ is your car? The red one in front of the tree.5. _______ of the following can you often find on a medicine bottle?6. The necklace ________ she is wearing is beautiful.7. Do you know the person ________ lost his bike.8. Most people _______ live in less developed countries are quite poor.9. The boy _______ is helping the old man is John’s brother.10. People _______ use credit cards to buy things online should be very careful.四、按要求变化句型1.These are oranges. (单数句) ___________________________________________.2.Those aren’t our pencils. (单数句) ______________________________________.3.The gloves are theirs. (对画线部分提问) _________________________________?4.This is his English book. (对画线部分提问) _______________________________?5.I like the green dress. (对画线部分提问) __________________________________?五、选用方框内适当的代词填空，使句意完整1.My parents are __________ teachers.2.____________ is wrong with your computer.3.____________ goes well. Don’t worry.4.____________ of you two is right. But I’m right.5.There are so _________ trees to be planted and so __________ work to do for us.6._________ the teachers are working hard to teach us well. We are very thankful.7.What animal do you like best, a panda, a horse or a lion?8.________ is difficult for you if you put your heart into it.9.you can have one bag _________, children.10.I have two friends. One is from Japan, ________ is from Indian.11.Would you like _______ cake? No, I’m full.12.She came to the factory very early _______ day.13.What ________ things can you see in the picture?14.You should try to help _________.15.Tom, don’t leave _______ behind.六、根据短文的意思及括号中的部分提示，用适当的代词填空，使短文意思完整__________ am a boy. _______ name is Tom. Let ________ introduce __________ , my friend. ________ is a good man. _______(our) are looking for Nero. Look! _________ (her) is a girl..________ uncle is a doctor. He gives _________ (they) some food. Who helped ________(we), do you know?七、阅读理解A new school year begins today. Vicky is playing with her little friends behind the house. Mrs.Green finds her and says, “you’re seven years old now, dear. Let me take you to school.”She goes to school with her mother after breakfast. She like the new place and she can see more children there. She thinks the teachers are friendly and she likes the interesting stories too.At half past five Vicky comes back. And now the Greens are having supper. They’re sitting at the table.“What do you learn at school?” asks Mr.Green.“I don’t know, daddy,” says the little girl.“Yes? Don’t you go to school?”“Yes, but Miss White says it’s not enough. She wants me to go back tomorrow!”根据短文，完成下面的句子，每空一词，首字母已给出1.Vicky goes to school this m__________.2.Vicky is a n_________ student now.3.Vicky likes her s_________ and thinks their teacher are good.4.Vicky comes back a____________ school.5.Vicky can’t tell her f__________ what she learns at school today.答案提高练习一、1. her→she2. I too →Me too3. Our →We4. it’s →its5. himself →herself二、1. 这个箱子大约这么大。

单词汇总初中英语语法复习

江西省吉安县凤凰中学初中英语语法复习单词汇总a lot of 许多；大量a lot 很；非常a moment ago 刚才a moment later 片刻之后a pair of 一对；一双a piece of 一片（一张…）a place of interest 名胜a shop assistant 售货员；店员a TV set 一台电视机a waste of time 浪费（白费）时间a.m. (缩)上午，午前able adj.有能力的；能干的about ad.大约 prep.关于；对于above prep. 在…上面abroad adv.到国外，在国外accident 事故；灾难across prep.横穿；穿过active adj.积极的activity n.活动ad =advertisement n.广告address n.地址aeroplane n.飞机afford v.有足够的（钱、时间）做某事afraid adj. 害怕的Africa n.非洲after prep./ad.在...以后；在...后面after a while 过了一会儿after class 课后afternoon n.下午；午后again adv. 又；再again and again 再三地；反复地；一再地against prep.与…对抗；对着age n.年龄ago adv. 以前agree v. 同意；赞成agree with同意…意见(想法)；符合；一致ah int.啊，呀aha interj. 啊哈air n. 天空；空气airport n. 飞机场alive adj.活着的all ad.都；完全 adj. 所有的；整个all pron. 全体；全部all by oneself 独立；单独all day 一整天；一天到晚all kinds of 各种各样的all over 遍及all right 行，好；不错all the same 仍然；还是all the time 一直；始终；总是all the year round 一年到头allow v.允许；准许almost adv.几乎；差不多alone adv.独自；单独地along ad. 一道；一起 prep. 沿着；顺着already adv.已经also adv. 也although conj.虽然；尽管always adv. 总是；一直；经常am v.是amaze v.使...大为惊讶；使惊愕amazing adj.令人惊奇的；惊人的America n. 美国American n/a.美国人(的)among prep.在…当中an art.一(个；件...)and conj.和，又，而and so on 等等angry adj.生气的；发怒的animal n.动物another adj. & pron.另一个（的）；又一个（的）answer vt.回答any a.(用于否定/疑问句)什么,一些;任何的any more 再；更anybody pron.任何人anyone pron. 任何人anything pron.任何事（物）anywhere adv.任何地方appear v.出现；露面apple n.苹果April n. 四月are v.是aren’t =are notarm n. 手臂；胳膊around prep.在……周围；环绕着arrive v.到达；抵达某地art n.艺术；艺术品artist n. 画家；艺术家as conj. 按照；如同；因为；由于as prep. 作为as if 好像as long as 长达as soon as 一…就…as soon as possible 尽可能早地；尽快as usual 像往常一样as well 也；又；同样地as...as 与...一样Ashland 阿什兰德（城镇名）ask v.问ask for 请求；询问asleep adj.睡着的；熟睡的assistant n. 助手；助理at prep. 在at all (用否定句)一点也不at breakfast 早餐时at first 起先；首先at home 在家at least 至少；起码；终于；最后at midnight 在半夜at night 在晚上；在夜里at once 立刻，马上at school 在学校at sea 在大海上at the age of 在…岁时at the beginning of ...起初；开始at the end of 在…结尾；到…尽头at the moment 此刻at the same time 同时at times 有时；偶尔at work 在工作attack v./n.攻击；袭击attract v.吸引audience n.听众August n. 八月aunt n.姨母；舅母；姑母，伯母；婶母Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian n. 澳大利亚人Autumn n. 秋天；秋季awake adj.清醒的away adv. 离开Bbaby n. 婴儿；幼畜back n. 背部；后面 adv.回(原处)；向后bad adj. 坏的bag n.书包ball n.球bamboo n.竹子banana n.香蕉band n. 乐队bang v.猛敲；猛撞；砰砰作响n.砰砰的声音bank n. 银行；（河、海、湖的）岸；堤base v.以...作根据；基于base on 以…(为)根据baseball n.棒球BASIC 电脑初学者通用符号指令码basket n. 篮子basketball n. 篮球be v. 是；成为be able to 能；会be afraid of 害怕be amazed at 对...感到惊讶be angry with 对某人发脾气be awake 醒着的be born 出生于be busy doing 忙着做...be excited about 对...感到兴奋be famous for 因...而有名的be fed up with 厌倦be filled with 用...充满be full (of) 充满…的be good at 在…方面（学得，做得）好；善于be interested in 对...感兴趣be late for 迟到be made in 在…生产或制造be made of 由…组成；由...构成be pleased with 对…感到满意be proud of 以…自豪(高兴)be used for 用于be/get lost 迷失（道路）beach n.海(河、湖)滩bear n. 熊beat v.(beat,beaten) v.打败；敲打Beatles n. 甲壳虫乐队beautiful adj. 美丽的；漂亮的because conj. 因为become v.变成；成为；变得bed n.床beef n. 牛肉beeper n.袖珍无线电传呼机；电话呼叫器beer n.啤酒before prep. 在…之前 adv. 以前before long 不久以后beg v.恳求；乞讨beg one’s pardon 请原谅；对不起begin v. 开始；着手beginning n.开始；开端behind ad./prep.在...后面believe v.相信；认为below prep. 在…下；低于Berlin n. 柏林beside prep.在...旁边best adj. & adv. 最好的（地）best-seller .畅销书(货)better adj. （good或well的比较级）较好的；更好的big a.大的bike n.自行车bill n.帐单；清单；纸币billion n.十亿biology n.生物（学）bird n.鸟birthday n. 生日bit n. 一点儿；小片black a.黑色的blackboard n.黑板bleat v. & n. 羊叫（声）blind adj.瞎的；盲的blouse n.女衬衫blow v.吹blue a./n.蓝色(的)boat n.船 v. 划船boating n. 划船book n.书 v.预定(戏票；车票等) bookmark n.书签bookshop n. 书店boot n.长筒靴boring adj.令人厌烦的born （动词bear的过去分词）出生borrow v. 借Boston n.波士顿(美国城市)both adj.&pron.两个(人...)都both...and... ...和...都bottle n. 瓶bowl n.碗box n.盒子；箱子boy n.男孩bread n. 面包break n.(课间)休息；中断break v. 折断；断裂；破碎breakfast n.早餐breathe v.呼吸bridge n. 桥n.桥牌bright adj. 明亮的；灿烂的brightly adv.明亮地；闪亮地bring v. 带来；拿来Britain n.英国(英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的总称)British adj.英国的；英国人的broke v. （动词break的过去时）broom n.扫帚brother n.兄；弟brown a./n.棕色(的)，褐色(的)brush n.刷子；毛笔；画笔Brussels n. 布鲁塞尔build v.建立；建造；建设building n. 建筑物bus n.公共汽车bus station 公共汽车站business n. 商业；生意；事务businessman n. 商人busy adj. 忙的；繁忙的but conj.但是 prep. 除了butter n.黄油button n.按钮；钮扣buy v. 买by prep. 乘车（船等）；用(手段、方法) by air 乘飞机by plane 乘飞机by sea 乘船by ship 乘船by the time 到…的时候by the way 顺便说；顺便问一下bye interj.再见Ccabbage n.卷心菜；洋白菜cafe n.小餐馆；咖啡厅cage n. 笼（子）；鸟笼Cairo n. 开罗cake n.蛋糕，饼，糕Californian n.加利福尼亚号（船名）call v. 称呼；叫喊；打电话给… n.电话；通话camera n.照相机can v.aux.能，会，可以Canada n. 加拿大Canadian n. 加拿大人cancer n.癌症candle n. 蜡烛canoe v.乘独木舟Canon n.佳能(照相机牌名)can’t =can notcap n.军帽，便帽Cape Town n. 开普敦capital n.首都captain n.(足球队等)队长car n.汽车，小汽车card n. 纸牌；卡片care n.小心；照料；保护care v.关心；介意；在乎careful adj. 小心的；仔细的carefully adv. 小心地；仔细地careless adj. 粗心的；大意的carrot n. 胡萝卜carry vt. 携带；搬运；运送carry on 坚持下去；继续下去cat n.猫catch v. 捉；抓住catch up with 赶上cause v.引起CD n. 激光唱片（缩写词）CD player 激光唱机celebrate v. 庆祝cent n. （货币）分centre n. 中心century n. 世纪；百年certainly adv. 当然chair n.椅子challenge n.挑战chance n.机会change v.变换；变更；改变channel n.海峡；航道；(广播的)频道；波段chart n.图表cheap adj. 便宜的check v.检查；核对check-out n.(购货时的)结帐台；收银台cheese n.乳酪chemistry .化学chess n. 国际象棋chicken n. 鸡；鸡肉child n.小孩children n.(child的复数形式) chimney n.烟囱，烟筒China n.中国Chinese adj.中国的；中国人的n.中国人；汉语chips n. (pl.) （口语）炸土豆条chocolate n.巧克力；巧克力糖choose v.选择；挑选chopsticks n.（通常用复数）筷子Christmas n. 圣诞节church n.教堂；教会cinema n. 电影院；电影circle n.圆；圈子circle v.环绕；绕行 n.圈；圈子city n. 城市class n.(学校里的)班级；年级class n.同一个班的学生classmate n.同班同学classroom n.教室clean adj. 干净的；清洁的clean v.擦干净，把...弄干净clean up 清除；收拾干净cleaner n. 清洁工clear adj. 清晰的；清楚的；明亮的clearly adv.清楚地clever adj.聪明的；机灵的climb v. 爬；攀登clock n.钟close v. 关；闭closed adj. 关着的clothes n.(pl.)衣服cloud n. 云cloudy adj. 多云的；阴天的club n.俱乐部；社团coat n.外套，上衣code n. 密码；符号coffee n. 咖啡coin n. 硬币coke n. （口语）可口可乐cold adj. 冷的；寒冷的collect v.收集；搜集college n. 学院；高等专科学院colour n.颜色 vt.给...着色colourful adj.颜色艳丽的come v.来come along 来；随同come down 下来；落come in 进来；进入come on 来吧；跟着来；赶快；来；过来come out （花）开；发（芽）；出现；出来come over 过来；顺便来访come to oneself 苏醒；恢复知觉come true 实现come up with 找到；提出（答案、解决方法等）comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的company n. 公司competition n.比赛；竞争complain v.抱怨；发牢骚composition n. 作文；作品computer n.电脑，电子计算机concert n. 音乐会；演奏会conductor n.（汽车、电车上的）售票员；列车员confidence n.信心；自信confident adj.有自信的；确信的congratulation .（常用复数）祝贺；庆贺connect v.连接；相连；联系contribution n.贡献conversation n.会话；谈话cook v. 烹调；煮；烧n. 炊事员；厨师cookie n.（pl.cookies)小甜饼cool adj.(俚语)了不起的cool adj.凉的；凉快的copy v.抄写；誉写coral n.珊瑚coral reef 珊瑚礁corn n. （美）玉米；谷类庄稼corner n.角落；（街道）拐角correct v.改正cost v.价钱为；花费(金钱、时间等)cotton n.棉花cough v.咳嗽could v. aux.（口语）（表示许可或请求）可以…，行count v.数，点数country n. 国家country n. 乡村；郊外countryside n.乡下；农村cousin n.堂(表)兄弟；堂（表）(姐妹) cover v.覆盖cow n. 母牛；乳牛crash v.坠落；冲撞cream n. 奶油；乳脂credit n.信用credit card 信用卡crop n. 庄稼；收成cross n.十字形（物）；十字记号 v.穿过；越过cross v.越过；穿过crossing n.十字路口；交叉点crowd v.拥挤cry v.哭；叫喊cup n.杯子cupboard n.橱柜；小橱cut v.割；砍；切cut down 砍倒Ddad n.<口语>爸爸, 爹爹dance v. 跳舞danger n.危险dangerous adj. 危险的dark a.深（浓）色的；黑暗的date n. 日期daughter n.女儿day n. 日；一天daytime n. 白天dead adj.死的deaf adj.聋的deal n.(口语)协议；交易dear adj. 亲爱的；可爱的death n.死；死亡December n. 十二月decide n.决定；决心decision n.决定decorate v.装饰；修饰deep adj.深的deer n. 鹿delicious adj. 美味的；可口的describe v.描写；叙述description n.描述；描写desert n.沙漠deserve v.应得；值得... desk n.书桌detective n.侦探develop v.发展；研制；开发diagram n.图表diary n. 日记dictionary n. 字典；词典die v. 死（亡）difference n. 不同；差异different adj. 不同的difficult adj.困难的；难的dig v.挖；掘digital adj.数字式的dim adj.微暗的；昏暗的dining room n. 餐厅dinner n. 正餐；晚餐directly adv.直接地dirty adj.脏的disappear v.消失disappearance n.消失；失踪discover v.发现；发觉discuss v. 讨论；议论discussion n.讨论disease n.疾病dish n. 盘；碟；一道菜display n.陈列disturb v.妨碍；打扰dive v.潜入（水中）；跳水diver n.潜入水中的人；潜水员do v.aux.助动词(无词义)do v.做，干，行动do (some) reading 朗读；阅读do one’s homework做作业do one’s best 尽最大努力；尽力do well in 在…方面干得好doctor n.医生document n.公文；文件dog n.狗dollar n. 元dolphin n. 海豚don’t =do notdoor n.门doorbell n. 门铃double adj.双重的；双倍的v.使加倍；使...成双重double n. & adj. 两倍（的）；双（的）down ad.向下download v.下载downstairs adv.&adj.（在）楼下；（往）楼下draw v. 画；绘制dream n.梦；梦想 v.做梦；向往dress n.女服；（统指）衣服drink n. 饮料 v. 喝drive v. 驾驶driver n. 司机；驾驶员drop n.滴；水滴drop v.掉下；落下 n.滴；水滴drop off 放下(某物)；下车drought n.旱灾；干旱dry adj. 干的；干燥的dry v.把...弄干，晒干duck n. 鸭dumpling n. 饺子during prep. 在…期间dustbin n.垃圾箱duty n.职责；责任DVD n.光碟；影碟Eeach pron. 各自；各个each other 互相ear n. 耳朵earlier adj. & adv. (early的比级) early adj. & adv. 早的；初期earth n.陆地；大地；地球earthquake n.地震east n. & adj. 东方的；东部的easy adj. 容易的eat v. 吃eat up 吃光；吃完edge n.边；边缘education n.教育；培养egg n.蛋eight num.八eighteenth num. 第十八eighth num. 第八either adv.（用于否定句中）也（不）either...or 或者…或者electronic adj. 电子的elephant n. 象eleven num.十一empty adj. 空的encourage v.鼓励end n. & v. 末端；终点；结束engineer n.工程师England n.英格兰English n.英语；英国人Englishman n. 英国（男）人enjoy v. 喜欢；享受…乐趣enjoy oneself 过得快乐；玩得痛快enjoyable adj.愉快的；有趣的enough adj.足够的；充分的enter v.进入entrance n.入口；进入；入场environment n.环境er interj.呃，啊，这...eraser n.橡皮擦escape v./n.逃亡；逃走；逃避especially adv.特别；尤其essential adj.本质的；主要的；必需的eve n.(节日或大事件发生的）前夕even adv.甚至；更even though 即使...evening adj. 傍晚；晚上event n.大事；事件ever adv.曾经ever since 从那时起；此后一直every adj. 每一；每个的everybody pron.每人；人人everyone pron.=everybody 每人，人人everything pron.每件事；每样东西；一切everywhere adv. 到处；无论哪里exactly adv.准确地；严格地exam n. （口语）考试example n. 例子；榜样excellent adj.极好的；优秀的except prep.除...之外excited adj.兴奋的；激动的exciting adj. 令人兴奋的excuse n.借口；托辞excuse vt.原谅exercise n. 练习；锻炼exit n.出口expect v.期望；预期expensive adj. 昂贵的experience n.经验；体验expert n.专家；内行explore v.探测；探险explorer n.探险者；考察者eye n. 眼睛Fface n. 脸；面孔fact n.事实；实际factory n. 工厂fail v.失败；不及格fall v. 落下；跌倒fall asleep 睡觉；入睡fall behind 落在…后面；输给别人fall down 倒下；跌倒；从…落下fall off （从...）掉下family n.家，家庭family name 姓family tree 家谱(图)famous adj. 有名的；著名的fan n. （口语）（电影、运动等）迷far adj. & adv. 远的（地）far away 很远；遥远farm n. 农场farmer n. 农民farming n. 农业；务农farmland n.农田farther dj.&adv.（far的比较级）更远；较远farthest dj.&adv.（far的最高级）最远fast adj. & adv. 快的、迅速的fat adj.肥胖的father n.父亲fax n.传真feather n.羽毛February n. 二月feed v. 喂；饲养feel v. 觉得；感到festival n. & adj. 节日(的)；喜庆(的) few adj.少数的，不多的field n. 地；田地field trip 野外旅游fifteen num.十五fifth num. & adj. 第五（的）fifty num.五十fill v.装满；填充film n. 影片；电影final adv.最后的find vt.找到；发现find out 找出；查出fine adj.好的；(身体)好的finger n.手指finish v. 完成；结束fireplace n.壁炉first adj. & adv. 第一；首先；最初first of all 首先，第一fish n. 鱼v. 钓鱼fishing n. 钓鱼fit adj.健康的；适合的；得当的v.(使)适合five num.五fix v.修理；安装flight n.航班；飞行flood n.洪水；水灾 v.淹没；泛滥floor n.(室内)地；地板flower n.花fly v. 飞；飞行；乘飞机旅行fly v. 放（风筝、飞机模型等）fog n. 雾foggy adj. 有雾的；多雾的follow v. 跟随food n. 食物foot n. 脚football n.足球for prep.为，给for example 例如foreign adj. 外国的foreigner n. 外国人forest n. 森林forever adv.(=for ever)永远；总是forgot v.忘记fork n.餐叉；叉form n.表格found v.成立；建立four num.四fourteen num.十四fox n. 狐狸France n. 法国free adj. 空闲的；自由的freeze v.结冰；凝固French n. 法语Frenchman n.法国人Friday n. 星期五fridge n. 电冰箱friend n.朋友friendly adj. 友好的friendship n. 友谊；友情frighten v.惊恐；吓唬frightened adj.受惊的，害怕的from prep. 从；从…起from now on 从现在起；今后from…to从…到…front adj. & n. 前面（的）；前部fruit n. 水果frustrate v.使沮丧；使失败frustrated adj.感到灰心丧气的full adj. 满的fun adj. 有趣的；愉快的fun n. 有趣的事；娱乐future n.将来；未来Ggame n.游戏，运动garden n. 花（果、菜）园gate n. 大门gatekeeper n.看门人；门卫generosity n.慷慨；豁达geography .地理(学)Germany n.德国get v.得到，获得get back 回来；取回get down 下来；落下get married 结婚get off 下来；从...下来get on 上（车）get on well with 与...相处融洽get to 到达get together 相聚get up 起床get...back 退还...；送回去；取回get-together 聚会girl n.女孩give v.给give a concert 开音乐会give birth to 生(孩子)give up 放弃give…a hand给予…帮助given name=first name 名字glad adj.高兴的；乐意的glass n. 玻璃杯glove n.手套go n. 尝试（做某事）；v. 去go back 回去go boating 去划船go fishing 去钓鱼go hiking 去徒步旅行go home 回家go on doing (sth.) 继续做（某事）go on 继续go out 外出；到外面go over 过一遍；仔细检查go shopping （去）买东西go skating 去滑冰go straight along 沿着...一直往前走go to bed 睡觉go wrong 走错路goal n.(足球)球门；得分goes v.去(go的单数第三人称现在时) golf n.高尔夫球good a.好的goodbye interj. 再见；再会goodness n. 善良；美德grab v.抓取...；夺取grade n.年级graduate v.毕业grand adj.豪华的；庄重的；雄伟的grandfather n.(外)祖父grandma n.(口语)奶奶；外婆grandmother n.(外)祖母grandpa n.(口语)爷爷；外公grape n. 葡萄grass n. 草；草地grateful adj.感激的；表示感谢的great adj. 伟大的；很大的；重要的great adj.(口语)好极了；很好green adj./n.绿色（的）greet v.问候；向(人)打招呼grey adj./n.灰色(的)；灰白(的) ground n.地面；土地group n.组，群，团体grow v. 种植；生长grow up 长大；成长guess v.猜guide n.向导；导游者 v.指导；引导Gum Tree 桉树村Hhad better (do) 最好（做…）hair n. 头发half n.半；一半half-way adv.在途中；半路上hall n.大厅；会堂；会馆hamburger n. 汉堡包hand n. 手hand in 交上来hands up 举手hang v.吊着；悬挂happen v. （偶然）发生；碰巧happily adv.高兴地；快乐地happy adj. 快乐的；幸福的hard adj. 困难的adv. 努力地hard adj.硬的hardly adv.严重地；恶劣地；几乎不hard-working adj.努力工作的；用功的harm n.损害；伤害Harvard n.哈佛大学[美国著名的大学] harvest n. 收获has （动词have的第三人称）有hat n.帽子(一般指带边的)hate v. 讨厌；不喜欢；憎恨have v.有have a (good) rest 休息have a cold 患感冒have a cough (患)咳嗽have a good time 过得快乐have a headache （患）头痛have a look 看一看have a seat 坐下，就坐have a try 尝试；努力have sports 进行体育活动have supper 吃晚餐have to 不得不；必须he pron.他head n. 头；头部headache n.头痛headmaster n.(英)中小学校长headteacher .校长heal v.使(伤、病)痊愈health n. 健康；卫生healthily adv.健康地healthy adj. 健康的；健壮的hear v. 听见；听说hear of 听说heart n. 心（脏）heavily adv.大量地；猛烈地；厉害地heavy adj. 重的height n.高度hello interj.喂(表示问候或唤起注意) help vt.帮助help yourself to 自取；随便吃help…with…帮助（某人）做（某事）helpful adj. 有帮助的；有益的her pron.她的here ad.这里，这儿here and there 到处，处处Here you are. 给你。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年中考英语专题复习-语法部分：中考动词专项训练

动词的时态一、基本概念在初中英语中，共有八个时态需要掌握。

它们是:1.the Simple Present (一般现在时)2.the Simple Past（一般过去时）3.the Simple Future（一般将来时）4.the Present Continuous Tense（现在进行时）5.the Past Continuous Tense（过去进行时）6.the Present Perfect Tense（现在完成时）7.the Past Perfect Tense（过去完成时）8.the Past Future Tense（过去将来时）二、实例与用法介绍1．the Simple Present (一般现在时)一般现在时表示目前的状态以及经常习惯发生的动作。

例如：1）T he earth turns round the sun.(宇宙不变的真理)2）I get up at six every morning.（经常习惯发生的动作）3）W e are Junior Three students.（表示目前的状态）2 . the Simple Past（一般过去时）一般过去时可以表示过去发生的动作或情况，在句子中往往有明确的表示过去的时间状语。

例如：1) None of the football games had been more exciting than the one he watched yesterday.(句子中有yesterday这个明确表示过去的时间状语)2) last night I gave a lecture in the meeting hall.（last night表示过去的时间，所以我们也用一般过去时）一般过去时有时还可以表示过去习惯的动作。

例如：1）When he was in the country, he liked to take a walk after supper.（句中liked表示他过去在农村市常常发生的动作）2）I used to go to work by bus.（used to 表示“过去常常”）3．the Simple Future（一般将来时）一般将来时即表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常发生的动作。

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1.有时这两个词含义大致相同，只是位置不同：all 要放在冠词、指示找词、物主代词等之前，而whole 应放在这些词之后。

如：
all the family / the whole family全家
2.在复数名词前一般用all，在单数可数名词前一般要用whole。

如：
All the children enjoyed themselves. 所有的孩子都过得很快活。

The whole building was burning. 整座在楼都在燃烧。

注：它们在意义上有差别：all指“一个不剩”(即“全部”)；whole 指“一点不缺”(即“整个”)。

3.在不可数名词之前一般用all，而不用whole (但偶尔有例外：the whole time / all the time; his whole energy / all his energy等)，但在物质名词前是绝对不能用whole 的。

如：误：the whole money正：all the money 所有的钱
误：the whole food正：all the food 所有的食物
误：the whole wine正：all the wine 所有的酒
4.在表地点的专有名词之前, 一般用all 而不用whole 如：all China (全中国)，但可说the whole of China. (from )
5.在时间名词(如day, week, month, year等)以及季节名词( spring, summer, autumn, winter )之前，两者都可用。

如：
all (the) day / the whole day 整天
all (the) spring / the whole spring整个春天
注：在表示时间的hour和century 之前，一般只用whole, 不用all 如：I waited for her the(或a) whole hour. 我等了她整整一小时。

6.关于all of一与the whole of：
(1) all of 的含义与用法与all 大致相同，但使用范围比要广，如一般不说all all the book, 但可说all of the book 整本书
(2) the whole of与whole 的意义基本相同，但其使用范围远比whole 要广。

它不仅可以代替whole(如the whole time=the whole of the time)，而且还可以用于不能用whole的场合：
1)用于不可数名词(包括物质名词)之前：
the whole of the money / the tea 全部的钱/ 茶
2)用于表地点的专有名词之前：
the whole of Japan 全日本。

江西省吉安县凤凰中学2014年中考英语专题复习-语法部分：all与whole的区别

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