制冷与空调专业英语
制冷与空调专业英语

制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
Unit Three
Lesson 12
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
When a shell-and-tube heat exchanger is used for cooling, the material to be cooled may be either on the tubeside or the shellside, with the cooling medium the other side. 2 If one of the two liquids is more corrosive than the others (brine, for example, can be corrosive) it is usually on the tubeside. 当用管壳式换热器来冷却时,需要 冷却的物料或者走管内或者走管外,而 冷却介质走另一测。如果两者之一比另 一种腐蚀性强(如盐水是腐蚀性的)则 走管程。
1-5
Unit Three
Lesson 12
Text
If a material is to be cooled, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger can also be used. The cooling medium is normally water, chilled water, or cold brine. Brine (a solution of salt in water) is used because it freezes at a lower temperature than pure water. Sometimes liquids are cooled by circulating them through pipes exposed the atmosphere; this is called an air-cooled heat exchanger.1 The cooling process is speeded if a fan is used to blow cool air rapidly over the tubes. 如果物料需要冷却,也可使用管壳式 换热器。冷却介质通常用水,冷却水或者 冷的盐水。用盐水(盐的水溶液)是因为 盐水的冻结温度比水低。液体在暴露在空 气里的管路里循环冷却,叫做空气冷却器。 如果用风机对管路快速吹冷风,冷却过程 就会加快。
制冷与空调专业英语

Lesson 5 Lesson 6 Lesson 7 Lesson 8 Fluid Level Measurement Measuring Rate of Fluid Flow What Is Humidity
制冷空调专业英语
Unit Two
Lesson 8 What Is Humidity
1-12
Unit Two
Lesson 8
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
As stated before, the warmer the air, the more moisture it can hold. Air in a home heated to 70ºF can hold about 8 grains of moisture per ft3.4 that is 100%relative humidity. If there are only 2 grains/ft3 in the home, this is one quarter of the capacity of the air to hold moisture. Therefore, the relative humidity is also one quarter or 25%. The air can hold four times as much water. 按规定,气温越高,含湿能力越大。室 温达到70华氏温度,每立方英尺空气中湿量 可达8格令。这时相对湿度为100%。如果每 立方英尺空气中湿量仅为2格令,这是空气 含湿能力的四分之一。因此,相对湿度为四 分之一或25%。实际上空气的含湿量可达四 倍之多。
因为暖空气的含湿量比冷空气多, 冬天使用加热装置,而没有加湿或加湿 不够的房间内,空气的相对湿度一定会 下降。
制冷与空调专业英语

• • • •
New Words & Expressions: Text Notes to the Text Exercise
1-2
Unit One
Lesson 2
New Words & Expressions hostile adj.
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
hostility n. solely adv. valid adj. tropical adj. subtropical adj. moderate adj. draught n. glaze v. intensity n.
1-10
Unit One
Lesson 2
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
There are two reasons why this is acceptable first, 3 human beings are comfortable within a fairly large range of humidity, from about 60 per cent to about 20 percent and, secondly the use of single glazing will cause the inner surfaces of windows to stream with condensed moisture if it is attempted to maintain too high a humidity in winter.
由此得出,事实上开窗对纵深的建筑物 内部的区域根本无效。加上这些中心区域要 有高强度长时间的照明,缺少足够的通风会 使居住者感到非常不适。不带制冷的机械通 风仅仅只能解决一部分问题。
制冷与空调专业英语

液化空气是液态氮和液态氧的混合 物。可以把较轻的氮从氧中分离出来。 用这种方法可以生产工业用氧,并将其 装入氧气钢罐。氮气也可以用同样的方 法生产。
1-8
Unit One
Lesson 1
Text
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
Nitrogen is an inert substance. It is a colourless, odourless, tasteless gas; does not burn; does not support combustion or respiration; is not poisonous. It does not easily unite directly with other elements. 4 At high temperatures it combines with a few metals, such as magnesium, and also with oxygen and hydrogen. Oxygen is also a colourless, odourless gas. It is somewhat heavier than air. It is the most active element in the atmosphere. It is essential to life. Argon is present in air to the extent of nearly one percent by volume. 氮是一种惰性物质。它是一种无色、无味、 不能燃烧、无毒的气体。它不易与其他元素化合, 在高温下可以与少数金属化合,如镁,也可以和 氧、氢化合。氧也是无色、无味气体。它比空气 的密度略大。氧是大气中性质活跃的元素。氧是 生命所必须的。氩的体积约占空气的1%。
制冷与空调专业英语

Unit Four
Lesson 14
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
The pressure within the evaporator is lowered because of the action of the compressor piston during its suction stroke, causing a differential in pressures between the receiver (or high-pressure side )and the evaporator (or low - pressure side ) of the system . The result is a movement of the liquid refrigerant from the receiver through the throttling device into the evaporator. 在气缸吸入冲程中,由于压缩机活塞的 运动,引起储液桶(高压侧)和蒸发器(低 压侧)之间的压差,其结果是液体制冷剂由 储液桶通过节流装置进入蒸发器。
New Words & Expressions operate on 对……起作用 , 靠……来开动 container n. 容器
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
receiver n. liquid receiver throttling device regulate vt . expansion valve capillary n .;a . capillary tube float vi . ;vt .; n .
接受器,储蓄罐 储液桶 节流装置 调节,控制,管理 膨胀阀 毛细管 毛细作用的 毛细管 (使)漂浮[流] 浮体 (子,球,筒 )]
制冷与空调专业英语

content n. heat content gain vt.; vi. establish vt. whereby adv. sensible a. sensible heat
容[含]量 焓,热含(量),热容量 得到, 增进, 赚到, 获利, 增加 建立,形成 凭什么, 为何 可感觉的,明显的 显热的
1-3
Unit Four
Lesson 15
New Words & Expressions case n. 壳,罩,(机)箱;情况,事例 the case of a copper coil 铜盘管箱 as in the case of 比如,就……来说 correspond vi. 符合, 协调, 通信, 相当, 相应 deliver vt. drain n. Fahrenheit n. F=degree Fahrenheit evolve vt.;vi. evolve into vt. 递(运,传,输) 送,递交 排水管 华氏(温度) 华氏度数 发展,进化,演变,放(释)出 发展,(进化,演变) 成
1-12
Unit Four
Lesson 15
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
As in the case of water, the liquid state can be retained if the temperature is maintained below its boiling point of 212F and at atmospheric pressure. Ammonia will also remain liquid at atmospheric pressure if its temperature is maintained below its boiling point of-28F.Thus the law is established that the state of a substance depends on the temperature. 例如水在大气压力下,其温度保持 在212F沸点下,就能保持其液态。如果 氨的温度保持在 - 28 F沸点以下,它可 以保持液体状态。因而形成了这样的规 律,即物质的状态取决于温度。
制冷与空调专业英语

Text
Unit Three
Lesson 11
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
Many compression problems involve conditions beyond the practical capability of a single compression stage. Too great a compression ratio may cause excessive discharge temperature or other design problems. 许多的压缩问题,超出了单级压缩 的范围。因为压缩比过大,会导致排气 温度过高,或者会引起其他设计问题。
1-3
Unit Three
Lesson 11
New Words & Expressions:
single-stage adj. multistage adj.
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
单级的,单段的 多级的 双动的 开动, 促使 等熵的 热力学的, 摩擦, 摩擦力 无效率, 无能 包括一切的,全面的
1-8
Unit Three
Lesson 11
Text:
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
Discharge characteristics of reciprocating compressors are similar to those of reciprocating pumps. Compressor operation is fundamentally thought of as being isoentropic, and efficiencies are reported relative to this isoentropic basis4. 往复式压缩机排气特点和往复泵的类 似。压缩机的运行基本上认为是等熵的, 且给出的效率与这个等熵基本相对应。
制冷与空调专业英语

Unit Four
Lesson 13
Notes to the Text
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
3.After giving heat Qk to the heated body the working substance is once again ready to extract heat Q0 from the cold body and the process is epeated. 工质把热Qk传给了受热的物体后,又 立即从冷物体抽取热Q0,此过程便反复进 行. 连词and在本句中表示连贯关系.可译 成“就,便,于是”等等。 例如: The two men lay down and soon fell asleep.那两人躺下,很快就入睡了 (或“……不久便睡着了”)。
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
1-11
Unit Four
Lesson13
Notes to the Text
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
1-12
Unit Four
Lesson 13
Notes to the Text
制 冷 空 调 专 业 英 语
1.Heat is transferred from a body at a lower temperature to a body at a higher temperature by a working substance (fluid )circulating in the refrigeration machine. 将热从温度较低的物体传递到温度较高 的物体是在制冷机中循环的工质(流体)来完 成的. circulating in the refrigeration machine,是现在分词短语,做substance的 定语 ,意为“在制冷机中循环的”。
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absolute humidity 绝热湿度absorption n. 吸收
adiabatic adj. 绝热的,隔热的air-cooled condenser 空气冷却式冷凝器
ambient humidity 环境湿度atmospheric humidity 大气湿度barometric adj. 大气压力的brine n.. 盐水
calibrate v. 校准
calibration n.. 校准,标度,刻度
capacity n.. 容量
capillary n. 毛细管
carbon dioxide 二氧化碳centrifugal pump 离心泵,离心抽机
clog n. 障碍;v. 障碍,阻塞
coil n. 盘管
combustion n. 燃烧
compress vt.. 压缩compression n.. 压缩condensate n. 冷凝物condensation n.. 冷凝condenser n.. 冷凝器
constant n.. 常数,恒量container n. 容器
content n. 容[含]量
contraction n. 收缩,紧缩control performance 控制性能corrosion n. 侵蚀,腐蚀状态crank-shaft n. 曲柄轴,曲轴critical temperature 临界温度cryogenic fluid 低温流体cylinder n. 气缸
dehumidify vt. 除湿,使干燥density n. 密度
discharge valve 排气阀distribution n. 分配,分发,分布状态,区分
draining n. 排水,泄水dynamics n. 动力学
enthalpy n. 焓,热焓
equivalent n. 等(当)量erosion n. 腐蚀,侵蚀evaporator n. 蒸发器
exhaust n. 排气装置,排气expansion valve 膨胀阀
filter n. 过滤器,滤波器;vt. 过滤
flange n. 法兰
float n. 浮子
flowmeter n. 流量计
friction n. 摩擦,摩擦力
heat equivalent of work 热功当量
horizontal adj. 水平的,地平线的
humidity n. 湿度
impeller n. 叶轮
industry n. 工业,产业,行业intake n. (水管、煤气管等的)入口,通风口
intensity n. 强度
isoentropic adj. 等熵的
isolated adj. 隔离的
latent adj. 潜在的,潜伏的linearity n. 线性,直线性lubrication n. 润滑油manometer n. 压力计microprocessor n. 微处理器moisture n. 潮湿,湿气multistage adj. 多级的
nozzle n. 喷嘴,管口
opaque n. 不透明物 adj. 不传热的
orifice-plate meter 孔板流量计phase n. 相,相位
piston n. 活塞
pneumatic signal 气动信号principle of operation 工作原理,操作原理
proportioning pump 比例泵
pulse n. 脉冲,脉搏reciprocating pump 往复泵refrigerant n. 制冷剂refrigeration n. 制冷
relative humidity 相对湿度
reservoir n. 储存器,蓄水池
贮液器 liquid receiver;receiver rigid adj. 刚性的,刚硬的,严格
的
rotameter n. 旋转式流量计,转子
流量计,曲线测长机
sensible heat 显热
sensitivity n. 敏感,灵敏(度)
shell-and-tube heat exchanger 管
壳式换热器
stainless steel 不锈钢
static electricity 静电
stroke n. 冲程
submerge v. 浸没,淹没
subtropical adj. 亚热带
suspend vt. 吊,悬挂;v. 延缓
tapered tube 锥形管,渐缩管
thermodynamic adj. 热力学的
thermostat n. 自动调温器,温度调
节装置
throttling device 节流装置
transparent tube 透明管
tropical adj. 热带的
turbulent flow 湍流
vacuum n. 真空(度,状态)
valve n. 阀
vane n. 叶片
ventilate vt. 使通风
venturi tube 文丘里管
vertical position 竖直位置
viscous adj. 粘性的,粘滞的
volatile adj. 挥发性的,不稳定的
绝热加湿 adiabatic humidification
冷却塔 cooling tower
毛细管 capillary tube
热力膨胀阀 thermostatic expansion
valve
熵 entropy
载冷机secondary refrigerant;
refrigeranting solution
蒸发器 evaporator
蒸发式冷凝器evaporating
temperature
蒸发压力 evaporating pressure。