2020-2021深圳市南山中英文学校高三数学上期中试卷(附答案)
2020-2021深圳市南山中英文学校高三数学下期末试卷(附答案)

2020-2021深圳市南山中英文学校高三数学下期末试卷(附答案)一、选择题1.123{3x x >>是12126{9x x x x +>>成立的( ) A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充要条件D .即不充分也不必要条件 2.在“一带一路”知识测验后,甲、乙、丙三人对成绩进行预测. 甲:我的成绩比乙高.乙:丙的成绩比我和甲的都高.丙:我的成绩比乙高.成绩公布后,三人成绩互不相同且只有一个人预测正确,那么三人按成绩由高到低的次序为A .甲、乙、丙B .乙、甲、丙C .丙、乙、甲D .甲、丙、乙3.设集合2{|20,}M x x x x R =+=∈,2{|20,}N x x x x R =-=∈,则M N ⋃=( ) A .{}0B .{}0,2C .{}2,0-D .{}2,0,2- 4.一个容量为80的样本中数据的最大值是140,最小值是51,组距是10,则应将样本数据分为( )A .10组B .9组C .8组D .7组5.函数()()2ln 1f x x x =+-的一个零点所在的区间是( ) A .()0,1 B .()1,2 C .()2,3D .()3,4 6.在下列区间中,函数()43x f x e x =+-的零点所在的区间为( )A .1,04⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭B .10,4⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭ C .11,42⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭ D .13,24⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭7.已知集合1}{0|A x x -≥=,{0,1,2}B =,则A B =IA .{0}B .{1}C .{1,2}D .{0,1,2}8.函数()()sin 22f x x πϕϕ⎛⎫=+< ⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移6π个单位后关于原点对称,则函数()f x 在,02π⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上的最大值为() A. BC .12D .12- 9.如图是一个正方体的平面展开图,则在正方体中直线AB 与CD 的位置关系为( )A .相交B .平行C .异面而且垂直D .异面但不垂直10.设A (3,3,1),B (1,0,5),C (0,1,0),AB 的中点M ,则CM = A .534 B .532 C .532 D .13211.《九章算术》是我国古代的数学名著,书中有如下问题:“今有五人分五钱,令上二人所得与下三人等.问各得几何.”其意思为“已知甲、乙、丙、丁、戊五人分5钱,甲、乙两人所得与丙、丁、戊三人所得相同,且甲、乙、丙、丁、戊所得依次成等差数列.问五人各得多少钱?”(“钱”是古代的一种重量单位).这个问题中,甲所得为( ) A .54钱 B .43钱 C .32钱 D .53钱 12.函数()f x 的图象如图所示,()f x '为函数()f x 的导函数,下列数值排序正确是( )A .()()()()02332f f f f ''<<<-B .()()()()03322f f f f ''<<-<C .()()()()03232f f f f ''<<<-D .()()()()03223f f f f ''<-<<二、填空题13.在ABC ∆中,角,,A B C 的对边分别为,,a b c ,4c =,42a A =,且C 为锐角,则ABC ∆面积的最大值为________.14.在ABC ∆中,内角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若3A π=,3a =b=1,则c =_____________15.已知点()0,1A ,抛物线()2:0C y ax a =>的焦点为F ,连接FA ,与抛物线C 相交于点M ,延长FA ,与抛物线C 的准线相交于点N ,若:1:3FM MN =,则实数a 的值为__________.16.在平面上,若两个正三角形的边长的比为1:2,则它们的面积比为1:4,类似地,在空间内,若两个正四面体的棱长的比为1:2,则它们的体积比为 ▲17.已知直线:与圆交于两点,过分别作的垂线与轴交于两点.则_________. 18.若x ,y 满足约束条件220100x y x y y --≤⎧⎪-+≥⎨⎪≤⎩,则32z x y =+的最大值为_____________.19.34331654+log log 8145-⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭________. 20.如图,正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的棱长为1,线段11B D 上有两个动点,E F ,且2EF =,现有如下四个结论: AC BE ①⊥;//EF ②平面ABCD ;③三棱锥A BEF -的体积为定值;④异面直线,AE BF 所成的角为定值,其中正确结论的序号是______.三、解答题21.在直角坐标系xOy 中,曲线C 的参数方程为2221141t x t t y t ⎧-=⎪⎪+⎨⎪=⎪+⎩,(t 为参数),以坐标原点O 为极点,x 轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l 的极坐标方程为2cos 3sin 110ρθρθ++=.(1)求C 和l 的直角坐标方程;(2)求C 上的点到l 距离的最小值.22.如图,四边形ABCD 为矩形,平面ABEF ⊥平面ABCD ,//EF AB ,90BAF ∠=︒,2AD =,1AB AF ==,点P 在线段DF 上.(1)求证:AF ⊥平面ABCD ;(2)若二面角D AP C --的余弦值为6,求PF 的长度. 23.十九大以来,某贫困地区扶贫办积极贯彻落实国家精准扶贫的政策要求,带领广大农村地区人民群众脱贫奔小康.经过不懈的奋力拼搏,新农村建设取得巨大进步,农民收入也逐年增加.为了更好的制定2019年关于加快提升农民年收入力争早日脱贫的工作计划,该地扶贫办统计了2018年50位农民的年收入并制成如下频率分布直方图:附:参考数据与公式 6.92 2.63≈,若 ()2~,X N μσ,则① ()0.6827P X μσμσ-<+=…;② (22)0.9545P X μσμσ-<+=…;③ (33)0.9973P X μσμσ-<+=….(1)根据频率分布直方图估计50位农民的年平均收入x (单位:千元)(同一组数据用该组数据区间的中点值表示);(2)由频率分布直方图可以认为该贫困地区农民年收入 X 服从正态分布 ()2,N μσ,其中μ近似为年平均收入2,x σ 近似为样本方差2s ,经计算得:2 6.92s =,利用该正态分布,求:(i )在2019年脱贫攻坚工作中,若使该地区约有占总农民人数的84.14%的农民的年收入高于扶贫办制定的最低年收入标准,则最低年收入大约为多少千元?(ii )为了调研“精准扶贫,不落一人”的政策要求落实情况,扶贫办随机走访了1000位农民.若每个农民的年收入相互独立,问:这1000位农民中的年收入不少于12.14千元的人数最有可能是多少?24.如图:在ABC ∆中,10a =,4c =,5cos C =.(1)求角A ;(2)设D 为AB 的中点,求中线CD 的长.25.已知A 为圆22:1C x y +=上一点,过点A 作y 轴的垂线交y 轴于点B ,点P 满足2.BP BA =u u u v u u u v(1)求动点P 的轨迹方程;(2)设Q 为直线:3l x =上一点,O 为坐标原点,且OP OQ ⊥,求POQ ∆面积的最小值.26.如图,边长为2的正方形ABCD 中,E 、F 分别是AB 、BC 边的中点,将AED V ,DCF V 分别沿DE ,DF 折起,使得A ,C 两点重合于点M .(1) 求证:MD EF ⊥;(2) 求三棱锥M EFD -的体积.【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题1.A解析:A【解析】试题分析:因为123{3x x >>12126{9x x x x +>⇒>,所以充分性成立;1213{1x x ==满足12126{9x x x x +>>,但不满足123{3x x >>,必要性不成立,所以选A.考点:充要关系2.A解析:A【解析】【分析】利用逐一验证的方法进行求解.【详解】若甲预测正确,则乙、丙预测错误,则甲比乙成绩高,丙比乙成绩低,故3人成绩由高到低依次为甲,乙,丙;若乙预测正确,则丙预测也正确,不符合题意;若丙预测正确,则甲必预测错误,丙比乙的成绩高,乙比甲成绩高,即丙比甲,乙成绩都高,即乙预测正确,不符合题意,故选A .【点睛】本题将数学知识与时政结合,主要考查推理判断能力.题目有一定难度,注重了基础知识、逻辑推理能力的考查.3.D解析:D【解析】【分析】【详解】试题分析:M ={x|x 2+2x =0,x ∈R}={0,-2},N ={x|x 2-2x =0,x ∈R}={ 0,2},所以 M N ⋃={-2,0,2},故选D .考点:1、一元二次方程求根;2、集合并集的运算.4.B解析:B【解析】由题意知,(14051)108.9-÷=,所以分为9组较为恰当,故选B.5.B解析:B【解析】【分析】先求出(1)(2)0,f f <根据零点存在性定理得解.【详解】由题得()21ln 2=ln 2201f =--<, ()22ln3=ln3102f =-->, 所以(1)(2)0,f f <所以函数()()2ln 1f x x x=+-的一个零点所在的区间是()1,2. 故选B【点睛】本题主要考查零点存在性定理,意在考查学生对该知识的理解掌握水平,属于基础题.6.C解析:C【解析】【分析】先判断函数()f x 在R 上单调递增,由104102f f ⎧⎛⎫< ⎪⎪⎪⎝⎭⎨⎛⎫⎪> ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩,利用零点存在定理可得结果. 【详解】因为函数()43x f x e x =+-在R 上连续单调递增, 且114411221143204411431022f e e f e e ⎧⎛⎫=+⨯-=-<⎪ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎨⎛⎫⎪=+⨯-=-> ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩, 所以函数的零点在区间11,42⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭内,故选C. 【点睛】本题主要考查零点存在定理的应用,属于简单题.应用零点存在定理解题时,要注意两点:(1)函数是否为单调函数;(2)函数是否连续.7.C解析:C【解析】【分析】由题意先解出集合A,进而得到结果.【详解】解:由集合A 得x 1≥,所以{}A B 1,2⋂=故答案选C.【点睛】本题主要考查交集的运算,属于基础题.8.B解析:B【解析】【分析】由条件根据函数()sin y A ωx φ=+的图象变换规律,正弦函数的图象的对称性可得3πφk π-+=,k z ∈,由此根据||2ϕπ<求得ϕ的值,得到函数解析式即可求最值. 【详解】函数()()sin 22f x x πϕϕ⎛⎫=+< ⎪⎝⎭的图象向右平移6π个单位后, 得到函数sin 2sin 263ππy x φx φ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+=-+ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦的图象, 再根据所得图象关于原点对称,可得3πφk π-+=,k z ∈, ∵||2ϕπ<,∴3πϕ=,()sin 23πf x x ⎛⎫=- ⎪⎝⎭, 由题意,02x ⎡⎤∈-⎢⎥⎣⎦π,得42,333πππx ⎡⎤-∈--⎢⎥⎣⎦,∴21,32πsin x ⎡⎛⎫-∈-⎢ ⎪⎝⎭⎣⎦,∴函数()sin 23πf x x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭在区间,02π⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦的最大值为2, 故选B .【点睛】本题主要考查函数()sin y A ωx φ=+的图象变换规律,正弦函数的图象的对称性,考查了正弦函数最值的求法,解题的关键是熟练掌握正弦函数的性质,能根据正弦函数的性质求最值,属于基础题. 9.D解析:D【解析】解:利用展开图可知,线段AB 与CD 是正方体中的相邻两个面的面对角线,仅仅异面,所成的角为600,因此选D10.C解析:C【解析】试题分析:先求得M (2,32,3)点坐标,利用两点间距离公式计算得CM =,故选C .考点:本题主要考查空间直角坐标系的概念及空间两点间距离公式的应用.点评:简单题,应用公式计算. 11.B解析:B【解析】设甲、乙、丙、丁、戊所得钱分别为2,,,,2a d a d a a d a d --++,则22a d a d a a d a d -+-=++++,解得6a d =-,又225,a d a d a a d a d -+-+++++=1a \=,则4422633a a d a a ⎛⎫-=-⨯-== ⎪⎝⎭,故选B.12.B解析:B【解析】【分析】根据导数的几何意义可对比切线斜率得到()()032f f ''<<,将()()32f f -看作过()()22f ,和()()3,3f 的割线的斜率,由图象可得斜率的大小关系,进而得到结果.【详解】由()f x 图象可知,()f x 在2x =处的切线斜率大于在3x =处的切线斜率,且斜率为正,()()032f f ''∴<<,()()()()323232f f f f --=-Q ,()()32f f ∴-可看作过()()22f ,和()()3,3f 的割线的斜率,由图象可知()()()()3322f f f f ''<-<,()()()()03322f f f f ''∴<<-<.故选:B .【点睛】本题考查导数几何意义的应用,关键是能够将问题转化为切线和割线斜率大小关系的比较,进而根据图象得到结果.二、填空题13.【解析】【分析】由利用正弦定理求得再由余弦定理可得利用基本不等式可得从而利用三角形面积公式可得结果【详解】因为又所以又为锐角可得因为所以当且仅当时等号成立即即当时面积的最大值为故答案为【点睛】本题主解析:4+【解析】【分析】由4c =,a A =,利用正弦定理求得4C π=.,再由余弦定理可得2216a b =+,利用基本不等式可得(82ab ≤=+,从而利用三角形面积公式可得结果.【详解】因为4c =,又sin sin c a C A ==所以sin 2C =,又C 为锐角,可得4C π=.因为(2222162cos 2a b ab C a b ab =+-=+≥,所以(82ab ≤=+,当且仅当a b =时等号成立,即1sin 42ABC S ab C ab ∆==≤+即当a b ==时,ABC ∆面积的最大值为4+. 故答案为4+.【点睛】本题主要考查余弦定理、正弦定理以及基本不等式的应用,属于简单题. 对余弦定理一定要熟记两种形式:(1)2222cos a b c bc A =+-;(2)222cos 2b c a A bc +-=,同时还要熟练掌握运用两种形式的条件.另外,在解与三角形、三角函数有关的问题时,还需要记住30,45,60o o o 等特殊角的三角函数值,以便在解题中直接应用.14.2【解析】【分析】根据条件利用余弦定理可建立关于c 的方程即可解出c【详解】由余弦定理得即解得或(舍去)故填2【点睛】本题主要考查了利用余弦定理求三角形的边属于中档题解析:2【解析】【分析】根据条件,利用余弦定理可建立关于c 的方程,即可解出c.【详解】由余弦定理2222cos a b c bc A =+-得231c c =+-,即220c c --=,解得2c =或1c =-(舍去).故填2.【点睛】本题主要考查了利用余弦定理求三角形的边,属于中档题.15.【解析】依题意可得焦点的坐标为设在抛物线的准线上的射影为连接由抛物线的定义可知又解得点睛:本题主要考查的知识点是抛物线的定义以及几何性质的应用考查了学生数形结合思想和转化与化归思想设出点在抛物线的准【解析】依题意可得焦点F 的坐标为04a ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,, 设M 在抛物线的准线上的射影为K ,连接MK 由抛物线的定义可知MF MK =13FM MN =Q ∶∶ 221KN KM ∴=∶∶又01404FN K a a --==-, 22FN KN K KM==-422a-∴=-,解得2a = 点睛:本题主要考查的知识点是抛物线的定义以及几何性质的应用,考查了学生数形结合思想和转化与化归思想,设出点M 在抛物线的准线上的射影为K ,由抛物线的定义可知MF MK =,再根据题设得到221KN KM =∶∶,然后利用斜率得到关于a 的方程,进而求解实数a 的值16.1:8【解析】考查类比的方法所以体积比为1∶8解析:1:8 【解析】考查类比的方法,11111222221111314283S hV S h V S h S h ⋅⨯====,所以体积比为1∶8. 17.4【解析】试题分析:由x-3y+6=0得x=3y-6代入圆的方程整理得y2-33y+6=0解得y1=23y2=3所以x1=0x2=-3所以|AB|=(x1-x2)2+(y1-y2)2=23又直线l 的解析:4 【解析】 试题分析:由,得,代入圆的方程,整理得,解得,所以,所以.又直线的倾斜角为,由平面几何知识知在梯形中,.【考点】直线与圆的位置关系【技巧点拨】解决直线与圆的综合问题时,一方面,要注意运用解析几何的基本思想方法(即几何问题代数化),把它转化为代数问题;另一方面,由于直线与圆和平面几何联系的非常紧密,因此,准确地作出图形,并充分挖掘几何图形中所隐含的条件,利用几何知识使问题较为简捷地得到解决.18.6【解析】【分析】首先根据题中所给的约束条件画出相应的可行域再将目标函数化成斜截式之后在图中画出直线在上下移动的过程中结合的几何意义可以发现直线过B 点时取得最大值联立方程组求得点B 的坐标代入目标函数解析:6 【解析】 【分析】首先根据题中所给的约束条件,画出相应的可行域,再将目标函数化成斜截式3122y x z =-+,之后在图中画出直线32y x =-,在上下移动的过程中,结合12z 的几何意义,可以发现直线3122y x z =-+过B 点时取得最大值,联立方程组,求得点B 的坐标代入目标函数解析式,求得最大值. 【详解】根据题中所给的约束条件,画出其对应的可行域,如图所示:由32z x y =+,可得3122y x z =-+, 画出直线32y x =-,将其上下移动, 结合2z的几何意义,可知当直线3122y x z =-+在y 轴截距最大时,z 取得最大值, 由2200x y y --=⎧⎨=⎩,解得(2,0)B ,此时max 3206z =⨯+=,故答案为6.点睛:该题考查的是有关线性规划的问题,在求解的过程中,首先需要正确画出约束条件对应的可行域,之后根据目标函数的形式,判断z 的几何意义,之后画出一条直线,上下平移,判断哪个点是最优解,从而联立方程组,求得最优解的坐标,代入求值,要明确目标函数的形式大体上有三种:斜率型、截距型、距离型;根据不同的形式,应用相应的方法求解.19.【解析】试题分析:原式=考点:1指对数运算性质解析:278【解析】 试题分析:原式=344332542727log log 134588-⎡⎤⎛⎫+⨯=+=⎢⎥ ⎪⎝⎭⎢⎥⎣⎦ 考点:1.指对数运算性质.20.【解析】【分析】对于①可由线面垂直证两线垂直;对于②可由线面平行的定义证明线面平行;对于③可证明棱锥的高与底面积都是定值得出体积为定值;对于④可由两个特殊位置说明两异面直线所成的角不是定值【详解】对 解析:①②③【解析】 【分析】对于①,可由线面垂直证两线垂直;对于②,可由线面平行的定义证明线面平行;对于③,可证明棱锥的高与底面积都是定值得出体积为定值;对于④,可由两个特殊位置说明两异面直线所成的角不是定值. 【详解】对于①,由1,AC BD AC BB ⊥⊥,可得AC ⊥面11DD BB ,故可得出AC BE ⊥,此命题正确;对于②,由正方体1111ABCD A B C D -的两个底面平行,EF 在平面1111D C B A 内,故EF 与平面ABCD 无公共点,故有//EF 平面ABCD ,此命题正确;对于③,EF 为定值,B 到EF 距离为定值,所以三角形BEF 的面积是定值,又因为A 点到面11DD BB 距离是定值,故可得三棱锥A BEF -的体积为定值,此命题正确; 对于④,由图知,当F 与1B 重合时,此时E 与上底面中心为O 重合,则两异面直线所成的角是1A AO ∠,当E 与1D 重合时,此时点F 与O 重合,则两异面直线所成的角是1OBC ∠,此二角不相等,故异面直线,AE BF 所成的角不为定值,此命题错误.综上知①②③正确,故答案为①②③ 【点睛】本题通过对多个命题真假的判断,综合考查线面平行的判断、线面垂直的判断与性质、棱锥的体积公式以及异面直线所成的角,属于难题.这种题型综合性较强,也是高考的命题热点,同学们往往因为某一处知识点掌握不好而导致“全盘皆输”,因此做这类题目更要细心、多读题,尽量挖掘出题目中的隐含条件,另外,要注意从简单的自己已经掌握的知识点入手,然后集中精力突破较难的命题.三、解答题21.(1)22:1,(1,1]4y C x x +=∈-;:2110l x ++=;(2【解析】 【分析】(1)利用代入消元法,可求得C 的直角坐标方程;根据极坐标与直角坐标互化原则可得l 的直角坐标方程;(2)利用参数方程表示出C 上点的坐标,根据点到直线距离公式可将所求距离表示为三角函数的形式,从而根据三角函数的范围可求得最值. 【详解】 (1)由2211t x t -=+得:210,(1,1]1x t x x -=≥∈-+,又()2222161t y t =+ ()()222116141144111xx y x x x x x -⨯+∴==+-=--⎛⎫+ ⎪+⎝⎭整理可得C 的直角坐标方程为:221,(1,1]4y x x +=∈-又cos x ρθ=,sin y ρθ=l ∴的直角坐标方程为:2110x ++=(2)设C 上点的坐标为:()cos ,2sin θθ则C 上的点到直线l的距离d ==当sin 16πθ⎛⎫+=- ⎪⎝⎭时,d 取最小值则min d = 【点睛】本题考查参数方程、极坐标方程与直角坐标方程的互化、求解椭圆上的点到直线距离的最值问题.求解本题中的最值问题通常采用参数方程来表示椭圆上的点,将问题转化为三角函数的最值求解问题. 22.(1)见解析;(2【解析】(1)先证明AB AF ⊥,又平面ABEF ⊥平面ABCD ,即得AF ⊥平面ABCD ;(2)以A 为原点,以AB ,AD ,AF 为x ,y ,z 轴建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系,由题得26cos ,21411m AB m AB m ABλλ⋅===⎛⎫⋅++ ⎪-⎝⎭u u u vu u u v u u u v ,解方程即得解.【详解】(1)证明:∵90BAF ∠=︒,∴AB AF ⊥,又平面ABEF ⊥平面ABCD ,平面ABEF I 平面ABCD AB =,AF ⊂平面ABEF , ∴AF ⊥平面ABCD .(2)以A 为原点,以AB ,AD ,AF 为x ,y ,z 轴建立如图所示的空间直角坐标系, 则()0,0,0A ,()1,0,0B ,()1,2,0C ,()0,2,0D,()0,0,1F ,∴()0,2,1FD u u u v =-,()1,2,0AC =u u u v,()1,0,0AB =u u u r由题知,AB ⊥平面ADF ,∴()1,0,0AB =u u u r为平面ADF 的一个法向量, 设()01FP FD λλ=≤<u u u v u u u v ,则()0,2,1P λλ-,∴()0,2,1AP λλ=-u u u v,设平面APC 的一个法向量为(),,x y z =m ,则0m AP m AC ⎧⋅=⎨⋅=⎩u u u v u u u v , ∴()21020y z x y λλ⎧+-=⎨+=⎩,令1y =,可得22,1,1m λλ⎛⎫=- ⎪-⎝⎭, ∴26cos ,21411m AB m AB m ABλλ⋅===⎛⎫⋅++ ⎪-⎝⎭u u u vu u u v u u u v ,得13λ=或1λ=-(舍去),∴5PF =.【点睛】本题主要考查空间垂直关系的证明,考查二面角的求法,意在考查学生对这些知识的理解掌握水平和分析推理能力.23.(1)17.4;(2)(i )14.77千元(ii )978位【分析】(1)用每个小矩形的面积乘以该组中点值,再求和即可得到平均数; (2)(i )根据正态分布可得:0.6827()0.50.84142P X μσ>-=+≈即可得解;(ii )根据正态分布求出每个农民年收入不少于12.14千元的事件概率为0.9773,利用独立重复试验概率计算法则求得概率最大值的k 的取值即可得解. 【详解】(1)由频率分布直方图可得:120.04140.12160.28180.36200.1220.06240.0417.4x =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=;(2)(i )由题()~17.4,6.92X N ,0.6827()0.50.84142P X μσ>-=+≈, 所以17.4 2.6314.77μσ-=-=满足题意,即最低年收入大约14.77千元;(ii )0.9545(12.14)(2)0.50.97732P X P X μσ≥=≥-=+≈, 每个农民年收入不少于12.14千元的事件概率为0.9773,记这1000位农民中的年收入不少于12.14千元的人数为X ,()1000,0.9773X B : 恰有k 位农民中的年收入不少于12.14千元的概率()()100010000.997310.9973kkk P X k C -==-()()()()10010.97731110.9773P X k k P X k k =-⨯=>=-⨯-得10010.9773978.2773k <⨯=,所以当0978k ≤≤时,()()1P X k P X k =-<=,当9791000k ≤≤时,()()1P X k P X k =->=,所以这1000位农民中的年收入不少于12.14千元的人数最有可能是978位. 【点睛】此题考查频率分布直方图求平均数,利用正态分布估计概率,结合独立重复试验计算概率公式求解具体问题,综合性强.24.(1)4A π=;(2【解析】 【分析】(1)通过cos C 求出sin C 的值,利用正弦定理求出sin A 即可得角A ;(2)根据()sin sin B A C =+求出sin B 的值,由正弦定理求出边b ,最后在ACD ∆中由余弦定理即可得结果. 【详解】(1)∵cos C =,∴sin C ===. 由正弦定理sin sin a c A C==.得sin A =cos 0C =<,∴C 为钝角,A 为锐角, 故4A π=.(2)∵()B A C π=-+,∴()sin sin sin cos cos sin B A C A C A C =+=+22⎛=⨯+= ⎝⎭. 由正弦定理得sin sin b a B A==得b = 在ACD ∆中由余弦定理得:2222cos CD AD AC AD AC A =+-⋅⋅24222=+-=,∴CD =. 【点睛】本题主要考查了正弦定理和余弦定理在解三角形中的应用,考查三角函数知识的运用,属于中档题.25.(1) 2214x y += (2) 3.2【解析】 【分析】(1)设出A 、P 点坐标,用P 点坐标表示A 点坐标,然后代入圆方程,从而求出P 点的轨迹;(2)设出P 点坐标,根据斜率存在与否进行分类讨论,当斜率不存在时,求出POQ ∆面积的值,当斜率存在时,利用点P 坐标表示POQ ∆的面积,减元后再利用函数单调性求出最值,最后总结出最值. 【详解】解:(1) 设(),P x y , 由题意得:()()1,,0,A x y B y , 由2BP BA =u u u v u u u v,可得点A 是BP 的中点, 故102x x +=,所以12x x =, 又因为点A 在圆上,所以得2214x y +=,故动点P 的轨迹方程为2214x y +=.(2)设()11,P x y ,则10y ≠,且221114x y +=,当10x =时,11y =±,此时()33,0,2POQ Q S ∆=; 当10x ≠时,11,OP y k x = 因为OP OQ ⊥, 即11,OQ x k y =- 故1133,x Q y ⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭,OP ∴=OQ ==,221111322POQx y S OP OQ y ∆+==⋅①, 221114x y +=代入① 2111143334322POQy S y y y ∆⎛⎫-=⋅=- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭()101y <≤设()()4301f x x x x=-<≤ 因为()24f x 30x '=--<恒成立, ()f x ∴在(]0,1上是减函数, 当11y =时有最小值,即32POQ S ∆≥, 综上:POQ S ∆的最小值为3.2【点睛】本题考查了点的轨迹方程、椭圆的性质等知识,求解几何图形的长度、面积等的最值时,常见解法是设出变量,用变量表示出几何图形的长度、面积等,减元后借助函数来研究其最值.26.(1)见解析;(2)13【解析】 【分析】(1)在正方形ABCD 中,有AB AD ⊥,CD BC ⊥,在三棱锥M DEF -中,可得MD MF ⊥,MD ME ⊥,由线面垂直的判定可得MD ⊥面MEF ,则MD EF ⊥; (2)由E 、F 分别是AB 、BC 边的中点,可得1BE BF ==,求出三角形MEF 的面积,结合()1及棱锥体积公式求解. 【详解】(1)证明:Q 在正方形ABCD 中,AB AD ⊥,CD BC ⊥,∴在三棱锥M DEF -中,有MD MF ⊥,MD ME ⊥,且ME MF M ⋂=,MD ∴⊥面MEF ,则MD EF ⊥;(2)解:E Q 、F 分别是边长为2的正方形ABCD 中AB 、BC 边的中点, 1BE BF ∴==,111122MEF BEF S S V V ∴==⨯⨯=,由(1)知,111123323M DEF MEF V S MD -=⋅=⨯⨯=V .【点睛】本题考查线面垂直的判定定理及性质定理的应用,考查棱锥体积的求法,是中档题.。
2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三语文上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案

2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三语文上学期期中考试试卷及参考答案一、现代文阅读(36分)(一)现代文阅读I(9分)阅读下面的文字,然后完成下面小题。
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2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案

2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语上学期期中考试试卷及答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AOn Friday morning when 53-year-old Thong Pham broke into the house through the unlocked back door, he took a steak knife from the kitchen.It was dark, and the family didn't know what Marley was barking (吠) at. Taylor, Amber and their girls Finley, 6,and Sadie, 4, soon woke up and came downstairs, too. “Well, it was dark so we couldn't see anything, only could hear Marley,” Amber recalled, saying her husband then went for the lights. “And once he turned the hall light on, we realized that the guy was holed up in the corner trying to hide.”“So I think he got to the front door and realized he couldn't get out, and by that point in time, Marley's got him cornered,”Taylorsaid. Pham slashed (砍) both Marley and Taylor, and blood went everywhere. Taylor shared a video summary to his Facebook page, where he said Marley was stabbed (刺) up to six times, mostly around the head and neck area. “And as I pulled back, blood shot out of my arm,”Taylorcontinued. “She got him pretty good and I got him pretty good in the face.”“But it was really hard because I was trying to make sure that my husband wasn't going to die,” Amber explained, adding that she was trying to protect their two girls. “When he realized that the two girls were in the house, that's when he kind of backed up and started running. "Taylorexpressed gratitude to everyone for their thoughts and prayers. And the family is thankful for their dog Marley.“She's our hero,” Amber said. “If it hadn't been for her, that guy could have gone in the...he could have gone to their rooms or something.”Tayloradded, “Yeah, I mean, the story plays out very differently if Marley's not there.”1. Why did the family come downstairs before daybreak?A. To stop a break-in.B. To lock the back door.C. To check on Marley.D. To turn the hall light on.2. What happened during the fight?A. Pham dug a hole in the corner.B. Marley was injured but bit back.C. Taylor had a backup from neighbors.D. Amber fought back to protect her girls.3. What doesTaylormainly express on his Facebook?A. Forgiveness.B. Concern.C. Anger.D. Appreciation.BA Virginia teen is doing his part to make sure frontline health care workers are getting the meals they need to help them take care of themselves and others.Arul Nigam, 17, of Tyson's Corner, Va. , has had to make several adjustments since his school year ended abruptly in mid-March due to the coronavirus pandemic(新冠疫情).“We didn'thave any classes for like over a month and then after that there were a lot of technical difficulties. So I started to have a lot more free time,” he tells Yahoo Life. “It was really saddening, but it was also something that really surprised me, that our health care workers are facing something like that,” Nigam says. “So I wanted to see what I could do to help them because obviously, they're sacrificing so much and giving so much for all of us. ”In late March, the teen started fundraising efforts with the help of friends and family to help these health care workers receive much-needed meals. He also began doing research about what hospitals had the most amount of coronavirus cases, so he could prioritize those places first. He was also arranging for the orders to be fulfilled at local family-owned restaurants impacted by shutdown orders. So far, Nigam has delivered over 1,000 meals to 22 hospitals in 13 states, including New York, Massachusetts and Maryland.Nigam's efforts have not only helped health care workers, but restaurants as well. With quarantine restrictionstaking a toll onthe food industry, places like Best Coast Burrito in Oakland, Calif. , have lost business over the last few weeks. Best Coast's owner,Alvin Shen, tells Yahoo Life that being able to partner with Arul and others in efforts to feed those on the frontline has been a big help.4. What would Nigam probably do according to his words?A. Study at home by himself.B. Spend the more free time playing.C. Donate some money to health care workers.D. Do something helpful for health care workers.5. What is Nigam's priority when delivering food?A. The urgency of meals.B. The severity of the virus.C. The number of doctors.D. The position of hospitals.6. What does the phrase “taking a toll on” in the last paragraph mean?A. Turning a blind eye to.B. Keeping an eye on.C Causing lots of damage to.D. Answering completely for.7. Where can you probably read this text?A. Science fiction.B. Fashion magazine.C. Life magazine.D. Entertainment newspaper.CA city inSouth Korea, which has the world’s largest number of people using smartphones, has placed flashing lights and laser beams at a road crossing to warn “smartphone zombies” to look up and drivers to slow down, in the hope of preventing accidents.The designers of the system were motivated by growing worry that more pedestrians glued to their phones will become victims in a country that already has some of the highest road death and injury rates among developed countries. State-run Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology (KICT) believes its system of flashing lights at zebra crossings can warn both pedestrians and drivers.In addition to red, yellow and blue LED lights on the pavement, “smombies” - smartphone zombies - will be warned by laser beam projected from power poles and a warning sent to the phones by an app that they are about to step into traffic.“Increasing number of smombie accidents have occurred in pedestrian crossings, so these zombie lights are essential to prevent these pedestrian accidents,” said KICT senior researcher Kim Jong-hoon. Drivers are warned by the flashing lights, which have shown to be effective 83.4 percent of the time in the institute’s tests involving about 1,000 vehicles.In 2017, more than 1,600 pedestrians were killed in auto related accidents, which is about 40 percent of total traffic deaths, according to data from the Traffic Accident Analysis System. For now, the smombie warning systemis placed only in Ilsan, a suburban city about30 kmnorthwest of the capital,Seoul, but is expected to go nationwide, according to the institute.Kim Dan-hee, a 23-year-old resident of Ilsan, welcomed the system, saying she was often too absorbed in her phone to remember to look at traffic. “This flashing light makes me feel safe as it makes me look around again, and I hope that we can have more of these in town,” she said.8. What do the underlined words “smartphone zombies” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Drivers driving after drunk.B. Pedestrians buried in their phones.C. Passengers crazy about phones.D. Policemen in charge of traffic.9. What do we know about the warning system?A. It has reduced death rate by 83.4%.B. It has been spread nationwide.C. It gives a warning to the smartphones.D. It is being tried out in many places.10. What was the residents’ attitude to the traffic system?A. Negative.B. Unconcerned.C. Disapproving.D. Favorable.11. What is the best title for the text?A.South KoreaWarns Smartphone Zombies of TrafficB. Flashing Lights Are Used to Prevent AccidentsC. Smartphone Zombies Are Causing Traffic AccidentsD.South KoreaUses a New Traffic SystemDA team of engineers atHarvardUniversity in trying to create the first robotic fly. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks."The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of its components is off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own’ said Robert Wood, a Harvard engineering professor.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings hasa number of interdependencies (相互依赖)on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it d connected to,” said Wood.While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers’ fields oron the battlefield. "Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animal,but using these robots instead” he said. "So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day-to-day basis.”12. What is the typical characteristic of the robotic fly?A. It's automatic.B.It's very small.C. It's controllable.D. It's quite powerful.13. We can infer from the passage that the robotic flyer can____ .A. act as a spy planeB. help do farm workC.fly at a very high speedD. answer many scientific questions14. What is Wood's idea about the robotic fly according to the last paragraph?A. It is highly questionable.B. It has wide practical applications.C. It gives scientists interest in flying machines.D. It points to a new direction in studying biology.15. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Harvand's Study in the Field of Insects.B. A Breakthrough in Engineering ScienceC. An Interesting Invention一Robotic FlyD. Robotic Fly一a Copy of Real Life Insect第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期末考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABook reading is certainly one of the most absorbing habits. For young adults who love to read, finding some good books to read is very essential. Writing a book review can help you to improve your language and writing skills.The Book ThiefListed onThe New York Times Children’s Best Seller List for over 100 weeks, The Book Thief by Markus Zusak is the story of a young girl in the Nazi camps set during World War II. So, if you love history and wish to learn how the life was during Adolf Hitler’s time, read this historic book.The Diary of Young GirlEven Anne Frank can not have imagined that her personal diary written during World War II would become such a popular book. It’s a must read that describes the situation of a family in the evils of wars through the eyes of a teenager.Animal FarmAnimal Farm is one of the most popular books by George Orwell. It is just a reflection of the Stalin and World War II period that has been so creatively presented in this book. It is an interesting example of how literature can be used to present conditions common in the society.Adventures of Huckleberry FinnMark Twain’s Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is one of the great American novels in history, and is certainly a great pick for young adults. Young Huck Finn and his mischief along with the color1 ful description of people around theMississippi Rivermake this novel a great book to read.1.Which book describes the author’s own experiences according to this passage?A.The Book ThiefB.The Diary of Young GirlC.Animal FarmD.Adventures of Huckleberry Finn2.What do the first three books have in common?A.All of them are about wars.B.All of them are about farms.C.All of them are intended for history lovers.D.All of them were written during World War II.3.The purpose of this passage is to _________.A.instruct youngsters how to improve skillsB.tell youngsters some wonderful reading habitsC.introduce several good books to youngstersD.give youngsters advice on writing a book reviewBSonja Redding and her family were on their way home to Omaha, Nebraska, after a weeklong visit to Washington, D. C. with her two sons, one of whom, 5-year-old Xayvior, has autism(自闭症).Although all of the other flights had gone fine, Xayvior became angry during one of the flights, and Redding couldn’t calm him.“It felt like everyone on the plane was looking at us and got angry with my son, ” she wrote in a Facebook post after she got home. “I don’t know what to do when others just don’t understand that he is not just a kid with no discipline(自制力),but a child with special needs who doesn’t know how to control himself.”The day was saved by Delta flight attendant(空乘人员)Amanda Amburgy. She tried to help Xayvior watch a movie, but when that failed, she offered to take him on a tour of the airplane.That worked, and soon the child was not only calm, but having a good time.“When they came back, Xayvior was much calmer and happier,” wrote Redding in the post,which now has 2,700 likes and over 500 shares. “I want to thank this Delta attendant. She didn’t judge, and she just showed love. We need more people like this in the world. ”It wasn’t long before Amburgy was told about the post.“ We’re there to help, and that’s what we want to do,” she said in an interview. “So, we always want to make anything easier for the family as well as other passengers.”She also shared what she felt when she read Redding’s story. “When I read it, it touched my heart. It’s something I would do for anyone on the plane, because that’s what I’m here for. It really made a difference in her life.”4. How did Redding feel on the plane?A. Tired.B. Uncomfortable.C. Very angry.D. Deeply afraid.5. What did Amburgy do to help the family?A. She asked the family to stay beside her.B. She asked the other passengers for help.C. She tried her best to calm the boy.D. She helped look after the other boy.6. Why did Redding post the story?A. To show her thanks.B. To help kids with autism.C. To get in touch with Amburgy.D. To share her travel experience.7. Which of the following words can best describe Amburgy?A. Proud.B. Honest.C. Hard-working.D. Warm-hearted.CIf you have ever tried to catch a resting butterfly, you know it is surprisingly difficult. A new study helps explain why.Previous research had suggested that a butterfly's overhead wing clap forces the insect forward. Researchers thought the wing clap likely formed a pocket of air that shoots out like a jet, but no one had tested that until now.To understand their flight, they placed six butterflies one at a time inside a wind tunnel which was filled with smoke and then used a laser to light up the smoke just behind the butterfly. Four high-speed cameras were placed in the tunnel to take photos of the movement of the butterfly and the-smoke as the butterfly was taking off. This let the researchers create a 3D picture of that air movement as the insect flapped its wings.They observed a total of 25 takeoffs by six butterflies. Each included up to three wing beats after takeoff.The butterflies proved more likely to clap their wings together during the first few wing beats than later in flight.The photos show that forces created by the wings give rise to a flight path. The butterflies rise as their wings move down and shoot forward as their wings move up. A wing clap on takeoff, paired with a quick tum, allowed the butterflies to fly away quickly. They also noticed the wings formed an air pocket just before clapping and that the wings' flexibility and this pocket improved the jet force created by the clap.“The study is exciting,” says Ayodeji Bode-Oke, a mechanical engineer in Charlottesville. That means “we have solved the longtime puzzle about how butterflies fly, and it proves nothing is impossible on the road of scientificresearch. I can't wait to learn about how the study might inform designs for small aerial vehicles.”8. Why was laser used in the experiment?A. To frighten the butterflies into lying.B. To help researchers observe the butterflies.C. To help take clear photos of air movement.D. To guide the butterflies through the smoke.9. What is the finding of the research-according to paragraph 5?A. Butterflies fly forward as wings move down.B. An air pocket forms after butterflies clap wings.C. Butterflies beat wings three times before taking off.D. Upward wing movements help butterflies fly forward.10. According to the writer, the finding of the research can be used for .A. helping catch a resting butterfly more easilyB. helping do research on other butterfly-like insectsC. helping provide inspiration for making small flying vehiclesD. helping widen the applications of small flying vehicle11. What can be the best title for the text?A. Why Can Butterflies Fly Like a Jet?B. How Can Butterflies Make Wing Claps?C. How Can Butterflies Make Quick Tums?D. Why Can Butterflies Run Away Quickly?DBarred owls(大林鸮猫头鹰) are a large species native to eastern North America, but they began moving west at the start of the 20th century. By 1973,large numbers of barred owls had arrived in the western state ofWashington. Later they moved south intoOregonandCalifornia.In parts of thePacific Northwest, the owls are now believed to be causing a drop in the population of a smaller, less aggressive bird: the northern spotted owl. In many ways, the barred owl is the spotted owl's worst enemy. The barred owl has more babies per year and eats the same animals, like squirrels and wood rats. And their numbers are now larger in many parts of the spotted owl's traditional territory.David Wiens is a biologist with the U.S. Geological Survey, a federal agency that studies the Earth and itsnatural resources. He and other officials are doing something unusual to protect spotted owls: killing barred owls. It is a controversial, experimental program. More than 2,400 barred owls have already been shot.Wiens is the son of a well-known bird expert and grew up with the fascination for birds. He has mixed feelings about the program. "It's a little distasteful, I think, to go out killing barred owls to save another owl species," he says. But he adds, “We knew that barred owls were out competing spotted owls and their numbers were growing too fast."To catch barred owls, officials put digital bird callers on the ground. Then they step back and wait as several sounds from the devices fill the air. All of this happens in the dark of night. Barred owls dislike other birds in their territory, so they will fly down and chase other owls out. That is when Wiens and his team try to shoot them.12. What's the main problem with spotted owls?A. They are being starved to death.B. They have more babies each year.C. They are invaded by another bird.D. They are hunted by man.13. Why are barred owls being killed?A. They are eating the spotted owls.B. They are killing each other to survive.C. They are putting the spotted owls in danger.D. They are destroying large areas of forests.14. Why did the officials release the bird sounds?A. To kill barred owls.B. To puzzle barred owls.C. To protect barred owls.D. To frighten barred owls.15. What can be the best title for the text?A. Killing One Animal to Save Another.B. Keeping the Balance of Nature.C. Protecting Birds in Danger.D. Preventing Birds from Playing Fair.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省深圳市南山中英文学校2024-2025学年七年级上学期数学期中试卷

广东省深圳市南山中英文学校2024-2025学年七年级上学期数学期中试卷一、单选题1.有理数2024的相反数是()A .2024B .2024-C .12024D .12024-2.有关正负数的概念和运算法则的系统论述,记载于我国古代数学名著《九章算术》一书中,书中明确提出“正负数”,这是世界上至今发现的最早详细的记载.如果水位上升5米记作5+米,那么水位下降8米记作()A .8-B .3C .13D .3-3.中国倡导的“一带一路”建设将促进我国与世界各国的互利合作,根据规划“一带一路”地区覆盖总人口约44亿,44亿用科学记数法表示为()A .84410⨯B .104.410⨯C .84.410⨯D .94.410⨯4.巴黎奥运会于北京时间7月27日凌晨1点30分,当地时间7月26日晚上19点30分盛大开幕.如图,小明将“庆祝奥运会!”分别写在一个正方体的展开图上,把展开图折叠成正方体后,与“奥”字相对的汉字是()A .庆B .祝C .运D .会5.如图,线段AB =22cm ,C 是AB 上一点,且AC =14cm ,O 是AB 的中点,线段OC 的长度是()A .2cmB .3cmC .4cmD .5cm6.下列计算正确的是()A .253-+=a b abB .b a b a ba 2222-=+-C .224222a a a +=D .22431a a -=7.如图,从点O 处观测点A ,点D 的方向,下列说法中错误的是()A .点A 在点O 的北偏东30°方向上B .点D 在点O 的东南方向上C .点A 在点O 的北偏东60°方向上D .点D 在点O 的南偏东45︒方向上8.如图,已知射线OB ,OM ,ON 在AOD ∠内部,OM 平分AOB ∠,ON 平分BOD ∠.若156AOD ∠=︒,48DON ∠=°,则AOM ∠的度数为()A .42︒B .78︒C .30︒D .36︒9.下列图形是一组有规律的图案,第1个图案由4个基础图形组成,第2个图案由7个基础图形组成,……,则第n (n 是正整数)个图案中的基础图形的个数为()(用n 的式子表示).A .3nB .31n +C .31n -D .34n +10.如图是某展馆的平面图,3个展区均为正方形,分别记为①、②、③.④是展区②和③的公共区域.已知展区①、②、③的边长分别为10米,20米和30米,入口区域和出口区域的面积分别记为1S 和2S ,则下列结论一定正确的是()A .1220S S =-B .1212=S S C .1210S S =-D .1223S S =二、填空题11.某个地区,一天早晨的温度是–7℃,中午上升了12℃,则中午的温度是℃.12.若2|2|(3)0m n -++=,则m n +的值为.13.如图,将一刻度尺放在数轴上.若刻度尺上0cm 和5cm 对应数轴上的点表示的数分别为4-和6,则刻度尺上7cm 对应数轴上的点表示的数是.14.如图,一副三角板如图摆放,若19∠=︒,则2∠的度数为.15.如图,爱动脑筋的小栩同学设计了一种“幻圆”游戏,将1,2,3,7,4,6,7,8----分别填入图中的圆圈内,使横、竖以及内外两圈上的4个数字之和都相等,他已经将4,6,7,8-这四个数填入了圆圈,则图中a b +的值为.三、解答题16.计算:(1)()()()()20357-++---+;(2)()157362612⎛⎫+-⨯- ⎪⎝⎭;(3)()()75364-⨯--÷(4)()241113233⎛⎫⎡⎤---÷⨯-- ⎪⎣⎦⎝⎭17.化简:(1)()()222422x x y y x -++-(2)先化简,再求值:()()222222242322x y y x y x ++---,其中112x y =-=,.18.(1)把数1,2-,0,()1+-,5-,1(3)2--表示在下面的数轴上.(2)比较这六个数的大小,并用“>”连接.19.用尺规完成下列作图(保留作图痕迹,不必写作法)(1)如图1,作图:已知线段a ,b ()a b >,作一条线段,使它等于a b+(2)如图2,已知αβ∠∠,,且αβ∠>∠,作DEF ∠,使DEF αβ∠=-∠∠;(3)如图3,以点B 为顶点、射线BC 为一边,作EBC ∠,使EBC A ∠=∠.20.某自行车厂一周计划生产1400辆自行车,平均每天生产200辆,由于各种原因实际每天生产量与计划量相比有出入,下表是某周的生产情况(超产为正,减产为负);星期一二三四五六日增减5+2-4-13+10-6+9-(1)根据记录可知前三天共生产_________辆;(2)产量最多的一天比产量最少的一天多生产_________辆;(3)该厂实行计件工资制,每辆车60元,超额完成任务每辆奖10元,少生产一辆扣10元,那么该厂工人这一周的工资总额是多少?21.如图,新城社区要在两块紧挨在一起的长方形荒地上修建一个半圆形花圃,尺寸如图所示(单位:米).(1)求阴影部分的面积(用含x 的代数式表示);(2)当x =20,π取3时,求阴影部分的面积.22.定义:在数轴上,如果两个数所对应点位于某点的两侧,且与这点的距离相等,我们称其中一个数与另一个数关于这点互为对称数,例如,如图,数1在数轴上所对应点为点A ,则数4与数2-关于点A 互为对称数;已知点P 是数轴上一动点,数1-与4-关于点P 互为对称数分别为m 、n ,数m 与数n 在数轴上对应的点分别为点M 、N .(1)当点P 运动至原点O 时,m =_____,n =_____;(2)当点P 运动至与点A 时,m =_____,n =_____;(3)当点P 运动至与数t 所对应的点时,m =_____,n =_____;(用含t 的代数式表示)(4)在(3)中,数t =_____时,点P 、M ,N 三点中恰有一点是另两点连线段的中点.。
2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案

2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期中考试试题及参考答案第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABritain's brilliant bridges have aided trade and brought communities together and are always the most exciting part of the journey. These must-see bridges are now tourist attractions in their own right.Clifton Suspension Bridge, BristolDescribed byits legendary engineer Isambard Kingdom Brunel as “my first love, my darling”, in was originally designed for horse-drawn traffic. Now, more than four million vehicles a year cross the 1,352ft-Jong toll (收费) bridge over the Avon Gorge. The £ l toll for every journey pays for its repair. The history of the bridge, dating back to 1864, is kept alive through a programme of tours, events and exhibitions.Infinity Bridge, Stockton-On-TeesA pedestrian and cycle footbridge across the River Tees, its working title was the North Shore Footbridge, before it was given its grander name when opened in 2009. It is particularly spectacular (壮观) at night. The arches of the bridge are also lit white and, on calm nights, their reflection in the water appears as an infinity symbol, thereby inspiring the name which was chosen by the public.Tower Bridge, LondonAn engineering wonder built from thousands of tons of Cornish granite, Portland stone and steel, it took construction workers eight years to complete. More than 120 years old, it's a popular tourist attraction, as well as a functional bridge. Visitors can take in the views over the capital and experience seeing London life through the Glass Floor.Iron Bridge, ShropshireOpened in 1781, this is the first arch bridge in the world to be made out of cast iron. Recognised as one of the great symbols of the industrial revolution, it transformed the cart of bridge building and was a crucial factor in the development of the iron trade in Shropshire.1.Which bridge has the longest history?A.Clifton Suspension Bridge.B.Infinity Bridge.C.Tower Bridge.D.Iron Bridge.2.What can we know about Infinity Bridge?A.People can just walk on it.B.The public give it two names.C.It's well worth visiting at night.D.It's arch is the biggest on the earth.3.What do Clifton Suspension Bridge and Tower Bridge have in common?A.They are both over 120 years old.B.Visitors should pay for passing them.C.They have the same original design.D.Visitors can have a good view of London on them.BScientists often compare coral reefs(珊瑚礁) to underwater rainforests, yet unlike the leafy plant base of a forest, corals are animals. The soft creatures are naturally half-transparent and get their brilliant color1 from algae(藻类) living inside them. When corals experience stress from hot temperatures or pollution, theyhaltthe interdependent relationship with algae, typically pushing them out and turning white. Corals are still alive when they are white, but they're at risk and many eventually die, turning dark brown.Scientists around the world are looking for means to protect and maybe increase corals. One common option is to create more protected areas — essentially national parks in the ocean. Beyond nature preserves, some conservationists are looking to more hands-on methods. One research center in the Florida Keys is exploring a form of natural selection to keep corals remaining. The reef system in the Keys has been hit hard by climate change and pollution, which is especially tough, because corals there help support fisheries worth $ 100 million every year.To keep the wild ecosystem alive, Erinn Muller, the center's director, and her team are harvesting samples of the corals that survived the environmental stress naturally, keeping them to make them reproduce, and then reattaching them to the reef. They have 46,000 corals on plastic frames under the sea. So far, the center has regrown over 70,000 corals from five different species on damaged reefs.In The Bahamas, Ross Cunning, a research biologist at Chicago's Shedd Aquarium, focuses on corals with genes that could make them natural candidates for restoration projects. He published a study of two Bahamian reefs, one that survived an extreme 2015 heat wave, and one that didn't. "We think their ability to deal with these higher temperatures is built into their genes," says Cunning. There's evidence of corals evolving more quickly to resist rapidly warming climate. The big question scientists need investigate, adds Gunning, is how much more heat corals can adapt to.4. What does the underlined word "halt" in the first paragraph mean?A. End.B. Develop.C. Strengthen.D. Weaken.5. What do Muller and her team do to save corals?A. Restore the damaged reefs.B. Grow corals by hand underwater.C. Create more protected areas.D. Move corals to unpolluted areas.6. What do Gunning's words suggest?A. Many corals have been genetically improved.B. Cooling down the waters is key to rescuing corals.C. Reasons for corals surviving heat waves are shocking.D. The highest temperature corals can survive is unclear.7. Which can be a suitable title for the text?A. Relationship between corals and algaeB. Efforts made to save coralsC. Impact of climate warming on coralsD. Survival crisis faced by coral reefsCA man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles. He's making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesia's rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old. He is an Indonesian. Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands. There are over 16, 000 islands there,and most of them are covered with rainforests. But on Java, where Mr. Bastoni lives, far more forests have been cleared.Mr. Bastoni believes it's important to protect forests from being cut down, and to restore (恢复) them when they have been destroyed. Near his home, Mount Wilis is now being restored, but Mr. Bastoni wants to make the protection continue. That's how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards? Mr. Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past. Walking backwards is a good way to get attention. Right now, Mr. Bastoni's backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr. Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him, above his head. This allows Mr. Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards. Besides, Mr. Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food. He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way. He has been sleeping at police stations, security posts, and even strangers homes during the trip. His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day. In early August he was in Sragen -- about 100 miles from his home. It's not clear whether Mr. Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.8. What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia?A. Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B. The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C. The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.9. Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose of fighting climate change.B. With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C. With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D. With deep love for traditional sports.10. What's the function of the large mirror?A. To make sure of Mr. Bastoni's safety.B. To show Mr. Bastoni's position correctly.C. To allow Mr. Bastoni to look forwards easily.D. To help Mr. Bastoni enjoy views on the road.11. What can be the best title for the text?A. The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B. The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C. A trip to recall history and attract attention.D. A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.DJennifer Mauer has needed more willpower than the typical college student to pursue her goal of earning a nursing degree. That willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire and became the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's(学士) degree.Jennifer grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children. Her dad worked at a job away from the farm, and her mother ran the farm with the kids. After high school, Jennifer attended a local technical college, working to pay her tuition(学费), because there was no extra money set aside for a college education. After graduation, she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling.Jennifer now is married and has three children of her own. She decided to go back to college to advance her career and to be able to better support her family while doing something she loves: nursing. She chose the UW-Eau Claire program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital in Marshfield because she was able to pursue her four-year degree close to home. She could drive to class and be home in the evening to help with her kids.Jennifer received great support from her family as she worked to earn her degree: Her husband worked two jobs to cover the bills, and her 68-year-old mother helped take care of the children at times.Through it all, she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors. Jennifer sacrificed(牺牲) a lot to achieve her goal, giving up many nights with her kids and missing important events to study. “Some nights my heart was breaking to have to pick between my kids and studying for exams or papers,” she says. However, her children have learned animportant lesson, witnessing their mother earn her degree. Jennifer is a first-generation graduate and an inspiration to her family—and that's pretty powerful.12. What did Jennifer do after high school?A. She helped her dad with his work.B. She ran the family farm on her own.C. She taught her sisters and brothers.D. She supported herself through college.13. Why did she choose the program at Ministry Saint Joseph's Hospital?A. To learn from the best nurses.B. To take care of her kids easily at night.C. To save money for her parents.D. To find a well-paid job there.14. What did Jennifer sacrifice to achieve her goal?A. Her health.B. Her chance of promotion.C Her reputation. D. Her time with family.15. What can we learn from Jennifer's story?A. Hard work pays off.B. Love breaks down barriers.C. Time is money.D. Education is the key to success.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2020-2021学年广东省深圳市市南山中英文学校高二数学理模拟试卷含解析

2020-2021学年广东省深圳市市南山中英文学校高二数学理模拟试卷含解析一、选择题:本大题共10小题,每小题5分,共50分。
在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有是一个符合题目要求的1. 不等式2x+3﹣x2>0的解集是()A.{x|﹣1<x<3} B.{x|x>3或x<﹣1} C.{x|﹣3<x<1} D.{x|x>1或x<﹣3}参考答案:A【考点】一元二次不等式的解法.【分析】把不等式2x+3﹣x2>0化为(x+1)(x﹣3)<0,求出解集即可.【解答】解:∵不等式2x+3﹣x2>0可化为x2﹣2x﹣3<0,即(x+1)(x﹣3)<0;解得﹣1<x<3,∴不等式的解集是{x|﹣1<x<3}.故选:A.【点评】本题考查了一元二次不等式的解法与应用问题,是基础题.2. 已知异面直线a,b所成的角为90°,直线AB与a,b均垂直,且垂足分别为A,B,若动点P在直线a上运动,动点Q在直线b上运动,,则线段PQ的中点M的轨迹所围成的平面区域的面积是( )A.9B.18C.36D.72参考答案:B3. 已知是等比数列,,则公比=( )A. B. C.2 D.参考答案:D略4. 下面图形中是正方体展开图的是( ).参考答案:A5. 点,则它的极坐标是( )A.B.C.D.参考答案:C6. 若点A的坐标为(3,2),F是抛物线y2=2x的焦点,点M在抛物线上移动时,使|MF|+|MA|取得最小值的M的坐标为()A.(0,0)B.C.D.(2,2)参考答案:D【考点】K6:抛物线的定义.【分析】求出焦点坐标和准线方程,把|MF|+|MA|转化为|MA|+|PM|,利用当P、A、M三点共线时,|MA|+|PM|取得最小值,把y=2代入抛物线y2=2x 解得x值,即得M的坐标.【解答】解:由题意得 F(,0),准线方程为 x=﹣,设点M到准线的距离为d=|PM|,则由抛物线的定义得|MA|+|MF|=|MA|+|PM|,故当P、A、M三点共线时,|MF|+|MA|取得最小值为|AP|=3﹣(﹣)=.把 y=2代入抛物线y2=2x 得 x=2,故点M的坐标是(2,2),故选D.7. 已知P是直线上的动点,PA、PB是圆的两条切线,C是圆心,那么四边形PACB面积的最小值是()A.B.2C.D.2参考答案:C略8. 如图是某赛季甲、乙两名篮球运动员每场比赛得分的茎叶图,则在这几场比赛中甲得分的中位数与乙得分的众数分别是A.3,2 B.28,32C.23,23 D.8,2参考答案:B9. 在中,下列关系式不一定成立的是()。
2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期末试卷及答案解析

2020-2021学年深圳南山中英文学校中学部高三英语期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASwimming Holes in AmericaIn America, these secret swimming holes are hidden and hard to reach but well worth the adventure.Cummins FallsLooking for the best place to escape the summer heat in the heartland of America? For more than 100 years, Cummins Falls, a scenic,75-foot waterfall located in Jackson County, TN, has been a treasure for Tennessee natives. But now, the secret is out! Although it’s a bit tough to get to, once in the park, the mountains and river provide unmatched beauty on your way to taking a swim in Tennessee's eighth-largest waterfall.Sliding RockA popular place to cool off during those hot North Carolina summers, Sliding Rock waterfall is located in the Pisgah National Forest in Transylvania County. A flattened rock about 60 feet lies in a nearly 7-foot-deep pool at the bottom, making this natural waterslide a great place to visit with people of all ages.Mooney FallsIt is the tallest water feature in the Grand Canyon, rising 190 feet above the surface. Named after an explorer in the 1800s, Mooney Falls is accessible only by crawling(爬)through 2 underground passages and then climbing down a sheer cliff(峭壁)face with just a couple of chains to hold on to. Although it is tough to get to, the view and the cool alone make it worth the trip.Lihue EstateA private swimming hole at the old Lihue Sugar Farm on Kauai, HI, was changed into an inner-tube water ride by Kauai Backcountry Adventures in 2003 and opened to adults. The waters for this 2.5-mile journey, which come from near the top of Mount Waialeale—one of the wettest spots in the world—are channeled through ditches(沟渠)that were hand-dug by farm workers over a century ago.1. Which hole may be the favourable destination for families?A. Lihue Estate.B. Sliding Rock.C. Mooney Falls.D. Cummins Falls.2. What can we learn about Mooney Falls from the text?A. It wasfound by an explorer.B. It was hand-dug in the 1800s.C. It is dangerous to arrive there.D. It is the tallest fall in the world.3. What is special about Lihue Estate?A. It is man-made.B. It is a private area.C. Its water is from underground.D. It lies on the top of Mount WaialealeBWilliam had worked hard to pass the exams to enter high school. When the term began, however, his father told him that there was no money to pay for his school fees because of the summer drought. Still, William wanted to learn.He made the village library his school. One day, he found a book calledUsing Energy. On the book’s cover was a picture of windmills, tall steel towers with blades (叶片) spinning like giant fans. He learned that wind—something of which his hometown had plenty—could produce electricity.He couldn’t help picturing his own windmill in mind, but collecting the parts and tools he needed would take months. In a junkyard, he dug through piles of used metal, old cars, and worn-out tractors, searching for anything that might help him construct his machine. He made four-foot-long blades from plastic pipe, which he melted over a fire, flattened out, and hardened with bamboo poles.Earning some money, he paid a blacksmith to attach the piston (活塞) to the pedal sprocket (踏板链轮) of an old bicycle frame. This would be the axle (轮轴) of the windmill. When the wind blew, the spinning blades would turn the bicycle wheel and spin a small dynamo (发电机), donated by his friend.When he had collected all the parts, William began putting them together. He fixed the blades to the tractor fan he found, using washers (垫圈) he’d made from bottle caps. Next he pushed the fan onto the piston joint to the bicycle frame. With the help of his two best friends, Williambuilt a 16-foot-tall tower from trunks of trees and lifted the ninety-pound windmill to the top.The big moments eventually came. He climbed up the tower and connected two wires that held a small bulb. As the wind whipped around him, the blades began to turn, slowly at first, then faster and faster. The light bulb flickered (闪烁), then flashed to life. The crowd cheered from below. “Wachitabwina (well done)!”William’s machine now powered his house. And the story of the boy who’d built a power-generating windmill to rescue his family from the drought spread across the Internet.4. After readingUsing Energy, what did William decide to do?A. Make use of wind.B. Enter a high school.C. Build a village library.D. Learn to survive a drought.5. According to Para.3, which of the following word can best describe William?A. Humorous.B. Determined.C. Cooperative.D. Friendly.6. What can you learn about William’s machine?A. It was built by villagers.B. It worked at the first attempt.C. It took him years to complete it.D. It was made from metal materials.7. What is the besttitle for the passage?A. Winds Of HopeB. Ideas Worth SpreadingC. Learning from ExperienceD. Windmills for VillagesCA new study has discovered that meditation (冥想) and oxygen sport together reduce depression. The Rutgers University study found that this mind and body combination, done twice a week for only two months,reduced the symptoms for a group of students by 40 percent.“We are excited by the findings because we saw such a meaningful improvement in both clinically depressed and non-depressed students,” said lead author Dr. Brandon Alderman. “It is the first time that both of these two behavioral ways have been looked at together for dealing with depression.”Researchers believe the two activities have an interactive effect on combatingdepression. Alderman and Dr. Tracey Shors discovered that a combination of mental and physical training (MAP) enabled students with major depressive disorder not to let problems or negative thoughts defeat them.Rutgers researchers say those who participated in the study began with 30 minutes of focused attention meditation followed by 30 minutes of oxygen sport. They were told that if their thoughts drifted to the past or the future they should refocus on their breathing, enabling those with depression to accept moment-to-moment changes in attention.Shors, who studies the productionof new brain cells in the hippocampus—part of the brain involved in memory and learning—says scientists have shown in animal models that oxygen sport exercise keeps a large number of certain cells alive.The idea for the human intervention (干预) came fromher laboratory studies, she says, with the main goal ofhelping individuals acquire new skills so that they can learn to recover from stressful life events.By learning to focus their attention and exercise, people who are fighting depression can acquire new learning skills that can help them process information and reduce the overwhelming recollection of memories from the past, Shors says.“We know these treatments can be practiced over a lifetime and that they will be effective in improving mental health.” said Alderman. “The good news is that this intervention can be practiced by anyone at any time and at no cost.”8. What made the research so different?A. Adopting a way of meaningful talk.B. Combining the two behavioral ways to treat depression.C. Treating depression with special medicine.D. Comparing the depressed with the non-depressed.9. The underlined word “combating” in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by ______.A. fightingB. identifyingC. distinguishingD. examining10. What did the participants do in the research?A. They did oxygen sport half an hour before thinking.B. They thought quietly and then took exercise.C. They took exercise longer than they thought.D. They took exercise while thinking quietly.11. What is Shors’ main purpose of her studies?A. To find out certain brain cells of humans.B. To study the production of new brain cells.C. To offer people a new method to treat stress.D. To decide the links between stress and exercise.DA nurse has fulfilled (实现) a promise she made to her patient four years ago to one day attend her daughter's graduation from nursing school.Edina Habibovic, 22, graduated from Chamberlain University's College of Nursing in 2020. Her mother, Sevala Habibovic, 46, died in2017 after a two year fight with breast cancer.“I thought the medical field wasn't for me. Then, my mom got sick and I had all the experience going in and out of the hospital, ” Edina toldGood MorningAmerica. “When my mom passed away, I thought, ‘I want to dothis.’”she said.Sanja Josipovic, who at the time worked as a home health nurse with Northwestern Medicine in Winfield, Illinois, cared for Sevala inside her home. They often chatted and shared the latest news with each other over six months of care.“She was most worried about Edina because she was young and hadn't finished school yet, ” Sanja said. “We are like sisters; we care about and trust each other. She was a powerful and strong minded woman. She wasn't scared to die; she was just worried about her kids and husband.”Edina said her mother lived for being with her family and taking care of people. “When Sanja was working, my mom would still try to make her something to eat, no matter how sick she was, ” Edina added. When Sevala's life was coming to an end, she asked Sanja to take her place at her youngest daughter's nursing school graduation. “That was the only thing she was going to miss. Edina's graduation, ” said Sanja, who is a mother of three herself. She agreed.Due to COVID -19, there was no graduation or pinning ceremony. Edina's manager at Marianjoy Rehabilitation Hospital decided to host a pinning ceremony for her and have Sanja present the pin. “Sanja has fulfilled her promise, ” Edina said.Edina and Sanja are now caring for patients alongside one another as colleagues at Marianjoy.12. What does the underlined word “this” in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Leaving the hospitalB. Working as a nurseC. Facing death positivelyD. Caring for Edina's mother13. What can be learned about Sanja and Sevala?A. They enjoyed volunteeringB. They were cancer survivorsC. They had unhappy marriagesD. They developed a close bond14. What would be Sevala's regret?A. The loss of the chance to study medicineB. Her absence from Edina's school graduationC. Failing to keep the promise made to SanjaD. Never cooking a good meal for her husband15. How did Sanja fulfill her promise?A. By taking care of Edina and her familyB. By helping Edina enter her dream hospitalC. By attending a special ceremony for EdinaD. By managing to become Edina's colleague第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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2020-2021深圳市南山中英文学校高三数学上期中试卷(附答案)一、选择题1.数列{}n a 的前n 项和为21n S n n =++,()()1N*n n n b a n =-∈,则数列{}n b 的前50项和为( ) A .49B .50C .99D .1002.已知{}n a 为等差数列,若20191<-a a ,且数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 有最大值,则n S 的最小正值为( ) A .1SB .19SC .20SD .37S3.《周髀算经》有这样一个问题:从冬至日起,依次小寒、大寒、立春、雨水、惊蛰、春分、清明、谷雨、立夏、小满、芒种十二个节气日影长减等寸,冬至、立春、春分日影之和为三丈一尺五寸,前九个节气日影之和为八丈五尺五寸,问芒种日影长为( ) A .一尺五寸B .二尺五寸C .三尺五寸D .四尺五寸4.已知不等式2230x x --<的解集为A ,260x x +-<的解集为B ,不等式2+0x ax b +<的解集为A B I ,则a b +=( )A .-3B .1C .-1D .3 5.设函数是定义在上的单调函数,且对于任意正数有,已知,若一个各项均为正数的数列满足,其中是数列的前项和,则数列中第18项( )A .B .9C .18D .366.中华人民共和国国歌有84个字,37小节,奏唱需要46秒,某校周一举行升旗仪式,旗杆正好处在坡度15︒的看台的某一列的正前方,从这一列的第一排和最后一排测得旗杆顶部的仰角分别为60︒和30°,第一排和最后一排的距离为102米(如图所示),旗杆底部与第一排在同一个水平面上.要使国歌结束时国旗刚好升到旗杆顶部,升旗手升旗的速度应为(米/秒)A .3323B .5323C .323D .83237.当()1,2x ∈时,不等式220x mx ++≥恒成立,则m 的取值范围是( ) A .()3,-+∞B .()22,-+∞C .[)3,-+∞D .)22,⎡-+∞⎣8.已知正数x 、y 满足1x y +=,则141x y++的最小值为( ) A .2B .92 C .143D .59.在ABC ∆中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别是a ,b ,c ,60A =︒,43a=,4b =,则B =( ) A .30B =︒或150B =︒ B .150B =︒ C .30B =︒D .60B =︒10.设等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ,已知(a 4-1)3+2 016(a 4-1)=1,(a 2 013-1)3+2 016·(a 2 013-1)=-1,则下列结论正确的是( ) A .S 2 016=-2 016,a 2 013>a 4 B .S 2 016=2 016,a 2 013>a 4 C .S 2 016=-2 016,a 2 013<a 4 D .S 2 016=2 016,a 2 013<a 411.已知正项数列{}n a 中,*12(1)()2n n n a a a n N ++++=∈L ,则数列{}n a 的通项公式为( ) A .n a n =B .2n a n =C .2n na =D .22n n a =12.若正数,x y 满足40x y xy +-=,则3x y+的最大值为 A .13B .38C .37D .1二、填空题13.设等差数列{}n a 的前n 项和为n S ,12m S -=-,0m S =,13m S +=.其中*m N ∈且2m ≥,则m =______.14.已知数列{}n a 中,11a =,且1113()n nn N a a *+=+∈,则10a =__________.(用数字作答)15.已知等比数列{}n a 的首项为1a ,前n 项和为n S ,若数列{}12n S a -为等比数列,则32a a =____. 16.已知数列是各项均不为的等差数列,为其前项和,且满足()221n n a S n *-=∈N.若不等式()()11181nn n n a nλ++-+⋅-≤对任意的n *∈N 恒成立,则实数的取值范围是 .17.数列{}n a 满足1(1)21nn n a a n ++-=-,则{}n a 的前60项和为_____.18.已知实数,x y 满足240{220330x y x y x y -+≥+-≥--≤,,,则22x y +的取值范围是 .19.在△ABC 中,已知sinA:sinB:sinC=3:5:7,则此三角形最大内角的大小..为________.20.已知实数x ,y 满足约束条件20x y y x y x b -≥⎧⎪≥⎨⎪≥-+⎩,若2z x y =+的最小值为3,则实数b =____ 三、解答题21.已知数列{}n a 是一个公差为()0d d ≠的等差数列,前n 项和为245,,,n S a a a 成等比数列,且515=-S .(1)求数列{}n a 的通项公式;(2)求数列{nS n}的前10项和. 22.在ABC ∆中,内角,,A B C 所对的边分别为,,a b c,已知24sin 4sin sin 22A BA B -+=(1)求角C 的大小;(2)已知4b =,ABC ∆的面积为6,求边长c 的值.23.设数列{}n a 满足113,23nn n a a a +=-=⋅.(Ⅰ)求数列{}n a 的通项公式n a ;(Ⅱ)若n n b na =,求数列{}n b 的前n 项和n S .24.在ABC ∆中,角A 、B 、C 的对边分别是a 、b 、c ,如果A 、B 、C 成等差数列且b =(1)当4A π=时,求ABC ∆的面积S ;(2)若ABC ∆的面积为S ,求S 的最大值.25.已知在ABC V 中,角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,且sin cos 0a B b A -=. (1)求角A 的大小:(2)若a =2b =.求ABC V 的面积.26.已知数列{}n a 满足:1=1a ,()*11,2,n n n a n a n N a n ++⎧=∈⎨⎩为奇数为偶数设21n n b a -=. (1)证明:数列{}2n b +为等比数列; (2)求数列3+2n n b ⎧⎫⎨⎬⎩⎭的前n 项和n S .【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除一、选择题 1.A 解析:A 【解析】试题分析:当1n =时,113a S ==;当2n ≥时,()()()22111112n n n a S S n n n n n -⎡⎤=-=++--+-+=⎣⎦,把1n =代入上式可得123a =≠.综上可得3,1{2,2n n a n n ==≥.所以3,1{2,12,n n b n n n n n -==-≠为奇数且为偶数.数列{}n b 的前50项和为()()503235749224650S =--+++++++++L L ()()24349252503224922++=--⋅+⋅=.故A 正确.考点:1求数列的通项公式;2数列求和问题.2.D解析:D 【解析】 【分析】由已知条件判断出公差0d <,对20191<-a a 进行化简,运用等差数列的性质进行判断,求出结果. 【详解】已知{}n a 为等差数列,若20191<-a a ,则2019190a a a +<, 由数列{}n a 的前n 项和n S 有最大值,可得0d <,19193712029000,,0,370a a a a a S <=∴+<>>, 31208190a a a a ∴+=+<,380S <,则n S 的最小正值为37S 故选D 【点睛】本题考查了等差数列的性质运用,需要掌握等差数列的各公式并能熟练运用等差数列的性质进行解题,本题属于中档题,需要掌握解题方法.3.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】从冬至日起各节气日影长设为{}n a ,可得{}n a 为等差数列,根据已知结合前n 项和公式和等差中项关系,求出通项公式,即可求解. 【详解】由题知各节气日影长依次成等差数列,设为{}n a ,n S 是其前n 项和,则()19959985.52a a S a +===尺,所以59.5a =尺,由题知1474331.5a a a a ++==, 所以410.5a =,所以公差541d a a =-=-, 所以1257 2.5a a d =+=尺。
故选:B . 【点睛】本题考查等差数列应用问题,考查等差数列的前n 项和与通项公式的基本量运算,属于中档题.4.A解析:A 【解析】 【分析】根据题意先求出集合,A B ,然后求出=1,2A B -I (),再根据三个二次之间的关系求出,a b ,可得答案.【详解】由不等式2230x x --<有13x -<<,则(1,3)A =-. 由不等式260x x +-<有,则32x -<<,则(3,2)B =-. 所以=1,2A B -I ().因为不等式2+0x ax b +<的解集为A B I ,所以方程2+=0x ax b +的两个根为1,2-. 由韦达定理有:1212a b-+=-⎧⎨-⨯=⎩,即=12a b -⎧⎨=-⎩. 所以3a b +=-. 故选:A. 【点睛】本题考查二次不等式的解法和三个二次之间的关系,属于中档题.5.C解析:C 【解析】∵f (S n )=f (a n )+f (a n +1)-1=f[a n (a n +1)]∵函数f (x )是定义域在(0,+∞)上的单调函数,数列{a n }各项为正数∴S n =a n (a n +1)①当n=1时,可得a 1=1;当n≥2时,S n-1=a n-1(a n-1+1)②,①-②可得a n = a n (a n +1)-a n-1(a n-1+1)∴(a n +a n-1)(a n -a n-1-1)=0∵a n >0,∴a n -a n-1-1=0即a n -a n-1=1∴数列{a n }为等差数列,a 1=1,d=1;∴a n =1+(n-1)×1=n 即a n =n 所以故选C6.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】如解析中图形,可在HAB ∆中,利用正弦定理求出HB ,然后在Rt HBO ∆中求出直角边HO 即旗杆的高度,最后可得速度.【详解】如图,由题意45,105HAB HBA ∠=︒∠=︒,∴30AHB ∠=︒,在HAB ∆中,sin sin HB AB HAB AHB =∠∠,即102sin 45sin 30HB =︒︒,20HB =. ∴sin 20sin 60103OH HB HBO =∠=︒=,3534623v ==(米/秒). 故选B . 【点睛】本题考查解三角形的应用,解题关键是掌握正弦定理和余弦定理,解题时要根据条件选用恰当的公式,适当注意各个公式适合的条件.7.D解析:D 【解析】由()1,2x ∈时,220x mx ++≥恒成立得2m x x ⎛⎫≥-+⎪⎝⎭对任意()1,2x ∈恒成立,即max 2,m x x ⎡⎤⎛⎫≥-+ ⎪⎢⎥⎝⎭⎣⎦Q当x 时,2x x ⎛⎫-+ ⎪⎝⎭取得最大值m -∴≥-,m 的取值范围是)⎡-+∞⎣,故选D.【易错点晴】本题主要考查利用基本不等式求最值以及不等式恒成立问题,属于中档题. 利用基本不等式求最值时,一定要正确理解和掌握“一正,二定,三相等”的内涵:一正是,首先要判断参数是否为正;二定是,其次要看和或积是否为定值(和定积最大,积定和最小);三相等是,最后一定要验证等号能否成立(主要注意两点,一是相等时参数否在定义域内,二是多次用≥或≤时等号能否同时成立).8.B解析:B 【解析】 【分析】由1x y +=得(1)2x y ++=,再将代数式(1)x y ++与141x y++相乘,利用基本不等式可求出141x y++的最小值. 【详解】1x y +=Q ,所以,(1)2x y ++=,则1414412()[(1)]()559111x y x y x y x y y x ++=+++=++=+++…, 所以,14912x y ++…, 当且仅当4111x y y x x y +⎧=⎪+⎨⎪+=⎩,即当2313x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=⎪⎩时,等号成立,因此,141x y ++的最小值为92, 故选B .本题考查利用基本不等式求最值,对代数式进行合理配凑,是解决本题的关键,属于中等题.9.C解析:C 【解析】 【分析】将已知代入正弦定理可得1sin 2B =,根据a b >,由三角形中大边对大角可得:60B <︒,即可求得30B =︒. 【详解】解:60A =︒Q ,a=4b =由正弦定理得:sin 1sin2b A B a === a b >Q 60B ∴<︒30B ∴=︒故选C. 【点睛】本题考查了正弦定理、三角形的边角大小关系,考查了推理能力与计算能力.10.D解析:D 【解析】∵(a 4-1)3+2 016(a 4-1)=1,(a 2 013-1)3+2 016(a 2 013-1)=-1, ∴(a 4-1)3+2 016(a 4-1)+(a 2 013-1)3+2 016(a 2 013-1)=0, 设a 4-1=m ,a 2 013-1=n , 则m 3+2 016m +n 3+2 016n =0, 化为(m +n )·(m 2+n 2-mn +2 016)=0, ∵2222132?0162016024m n mn m n n ⎛⎫=-++> ⎪⎝⎭+-+,∴m +n =a 4-1+a 2 013-1=0, ∴a 4+a 2 013=2, ∴()()1201642013201620162016201622a a a a S ++===.很明显a 4-1>0,a 2 013-1<0,∴a 4>1>a 2 013, 本题选择D 选项.11.B【解析】【分析】()()1122n n n n+-=-的表达式,可得出数列{}n a的通项公式.【详解】(1)(1),(2)22n n n nn n+-=-=≥1=,所以2,(1),nn n a n=≥=,选B.【点睛】给出n S与n a的递推关系求n a,常用思路是:一是利用1,2n n na S S n-=-≥转化为na的递推关系,再求其通项公式;二是转化为n S的递推关系,先求出n S与n之间的关系,再求n a. 应用关系式11,1{,2nn nS naS S n-==-≥时,一定要注意分1,2n n=≥两种情况,在求出结果后,看看这两种情况能否整合在一起.12.A解析:A【解析】【分析】分析题意,取3x y+倒数进而求3x y+的最小值即可;结合基本不等式中“1”的代换应用即可求解。