作业五：将下列段落翻译成中文

In the early 1980s, AI research was revived by the commercial success of expert systems, a form of AI program that simulated the knowledge and analytical skills of one or more human experts. By 1985 the market for AI had reached over a billion dollars. At the same time, Japan's fifth generation computer project inspired the U.S and British governments to restore funding for academic research in the field. However, beginning with the collapse of the Lisp Machine market in 1987, AI once again fell into disrepute, and a second, longer lasting AI winter began.
他们没有认识到他们所面临的一些问题的困难度。在1974年，为回应英国James Lighthill爵士的批评和由国会要求建立更多卓有成效的工程带来的不断 增加的压力，美国和英国政府取缔了人工智能方向所有的没有明确应用指向的、探究性的研究。由于研究工程的支持基金难以寻求，接下来的几年后 来被称为“人工智能萧条期”。
了20世纪70年代中期，美国的人工智能研究被国防部，世界各地也建立了实验室。对于人工智能的未来，其创立者们极度乐观：Herbert 言“20年之内，机器将能完成任何人类能做的工作”， 质上的解决”。
Simon预
Marvin Minsky表示赞同，写到“用不了一代人的时间，创造“人工智能”的问题将会得到本
在20世纪末和21世纪初，人工智能获得了空前成功。人工智能被用在运筹学、数据挖掘、医疗诊断和其他许多工业技术领域。这一成功归 功于以下几个因素：当今电脑的惊人功能，更强调解决具体问题，建立了人工智和其他解决相似问题的领域之间的联系，除此之外，还 有研究者们对坚实数学方法和严谨科学标准的的努力。
在20世纪90年代早期，人工智能研究随着专家系统在商业上的成功而复苏。专家系统是模仿一个或更多人类专家知识和分析技巧的人工智能程序。截 止到1985年，人工智能的市场份额已经超过了十亿美元。同时，日本的第五代计算机工程鼓舞了美国和英国政府恢复对人工智能领域学术研究的资金 支持。但是，以1987年Lisp机市场崩溃为开端，人工智能再次招致恶名，陷入了一个更长的萧条期。
They had failed to recognize the difficulty of some of the problems they faced. In 1974, in response to the criticism of England's Sir James Lighthill and ongoing pressure from Congress to fund more productive projects, the U.S. and British governments cut off all undirected, exploratory research in AI. The next few years, when funding for projects was hard to find, would later be called an "AI winter".
人工智能领域的研究奠基于1956年Dartmouth大学的一次校园内部会议。与会者有John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell 和Herbert Simon，这些
人在后来数十年中成为人工智能领域的领军人物。他们和学生编写了令人惊讶的程序：令电脑可以求解代数应用题，证明逻辑理论，还能说英语。到
作业五：将下列段落翻译成中文
History of Artificial Intelligence
人工智能的历史
The field of Artificial Intelligence （AI） research was founded at a conference on the campus of Dartmouth College in the summer of 1956. The attendees, including John McCarthy, Marvin Minsky, Allen Newell and Herbert Simon, became the leaders of AI research for many decades. They and their students wrote programs that were, to most people, simply astonishing: computers were solving word problems in algebra, proving logical theorems and speaking English. By the middle of the 1960s, research in the U.S. was heavily funded by the Department of Defense and laboratories had been established around the world. AI's founders were profoundly optimistic about the future of the new field: Herbert Simon predicted that "machines will be capable, within twenty years, of doing any work a man can do" and Marvin Minsky agreed, writing that "within a generation ... the problem of creating 'artificial intelligence' will substantially be solved".
In the 1990s and early 21st century, AI achieved its greatest successes. Artificial intelligence is used for logistics, data mining, medical diagnosis and many other areas throughout the technology industry. The success was due to several factors: the incredible power of computers today, a greater emphasis on solving specific subproblems, the creation of new ties between AI and other fields working on similar problems, and above all a new commitment by researchers to solid mathematical methods and rigorous scientific standards.