CATTI三级笔译综合能力复习备考资料
CATTI三级笔译考试复习方法

CATTI三级笔译考试复习方法一、三笔综合能力部分,满分100分。
三级笔译综合能力的题型全部是单选。
题型有:1)20个单词单项选择(联系上下文选择合适单词);2)20个近义词单项选择;3)20个改错的单项选择每个题1分;4)3个阅读理解,每个题10个小题,每题1分;5)1个完形填空(包括20个小题),每个0.5分。
三笔是什么难度呢?专四通过的话,综合能力是没问题的。
综合能力注重词汇、语法与阅读能力,考生要在平时注重基础英语的学习。
高译教育建议考生把更多的学习精力放在实务,实务才是看翻译功夫的地方。
二、三笔实务部分,满分100分。
题型:英译汉,1篇文章,600个单词左右;汉译英,1篇文章,400字左右。
备考建议:1)对于复习资料,可分为精读和泛读两部分。
精读的是CATTI三笔的教材、教材辅导书、政府报告等;泛读的书基本都是笔译理论系列的书。
后者是建立主干、框架,目的是让考生能够在复杂的句式、英汉思维转换中知道自己应该使用何种方法和技巧来翻译。
如果考生一开始就是在“跟着感觉译”,对翻译方法糊里糊涂的话,翻译时就会越来越没有头绪。
前者是为后者添枝加叶,有着主干的大方向的指导,即使再接触不同的材料和句子也不会迷糊,因为考生明确地知道自己应使用哪种翻译策略和方法来进行翻译。
2)先读懂,才能谈得上翻译。
读懂,不是指将生词查出就懂了这么简单的,如果翻译的难度是建立在生词之上,那CATTI的笔译考试都是让带词典进入考场的,为什么还有不通过考试的呢?显然,这不是单词认知多少的事。
英语多长句,一句话几十个词是经常的事。
怎样将像葡萄串一样的句子断成竹节一样的句子(地道的汉语多短小句,像竹节一样),这就是读懂与没读懂的分水岭。
准确地切分句子,这考验的是英语语法的功底。
很多人说,即使对英语语法一知半解也不耽误英语说的好。
但是,如果想翻译得对,没有坚实的语法功底一定是不行的,如果连正确地翻译都达不到,何谈翻译得好呢?因此,英语语法,有必要好好夯实。
catti三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析讲解学习

catti 三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection (本大题15 小题.每题 1.0 分,共15.0分。
)(In thispart, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answe)r.第 1 题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived _______ hope.A inB forC onD through第2题_______ get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to第3题Martin has created enough memorable _______ t o make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables第4题Oranges are a _______ source of vitamin C.A wellB betterC goodD very第5题All students have free _______ to the library.A passagewayB entranceC permissionD access第6题I''m so tired that I can''t take _______ what you''re saying.A upB outC inD on第7题Rice is the _______ food of most Southeast Asians.A commonB generalC stapleD popular第8题What they never take into account is the frazzled woman who is leadinga ______ life —trying to be a good mother while having to pretend at work that she doesn''t have kids at all.A doubleB hardC two-wayD miserable第9题Good pencil erasers are soft enough not ______ paper but hard enough so that they crumble gradually when used.A by damagingB so that they damageC to damageD damaging第10 题We were working _______ t ime to get everything ready for the exhibition.A againstB inC onD ahead第11 题Our flight to Guangzhou was ______ b y a bad fog and we had to stay much longer in the hotel than we had expected.A delayedB adjournedC cancelledD preserved第12 题_______ pollution control measures are expensive, many industries hesitate to adopt them.A AlthoughB HoweverC BecauseD On account of第13 题Leading stress management experts say that life with stress would be dull and .A disorderlyB time-consumingC fruitlessD unexciting第14 题This book is full of practical _______ on home repair.A helpsB tipsC aidsD clues第15 题The speaker ______ have criticized the paraprofessionals, knowing full well thatthey were seated in the audience.A should not toB must notC ought not toD may not二、Vocabulary Replacement(本大题13 小题.每题1.0 分,共13.0分。
三级笔译教材整理 考前必背

一下的一些东西是需要打印的生物工程词语:gene pool 基因库diagnosis therapy recombination 重组cloneGenetic expression 基因组表达mutationNano material 纳米材料protein engineeringDecode the secret of human 揭开人类的奥秘Growth hormone 生长激素cell culture pharmaceutical Console 控制台pawnshop 当铺Offspring the Food and Drug Administration批准endorse approve approval (名词)The United States Senate and House of Representatives both approved landmark Medicare drug bills on Friday that will give older Americans help in paying for their prescription medicines 跨时代意义The Consumer Federation of America slaughterhouseBiotechnology bioengineering life science and technology genome 基因组Human clone the cloning technology is a double-edged sword. 双刃剑Stem cell 干细胞soilless cultivation 无土栽培transgenosis animal 转基因动物Genetically modified/ altered crops/food 转基因作物。
Cross-breeding 杂交培育hybrid rice 杂交水稻asexual reproduction 无性繁殖Issue 组织recipient 受体transgenic organism sequenceShyness 羞涩mammal habitat legal situations课文分析和一些可以采纳的句型和词语Major 作为重大的再次列举一些的表达方法:A majority of sort of number of在表示。
上半年CATTI三级笔译复习题及答案

上半年CATTI三级笔译复习题及答案2017上半年CATTI三级笔译复习题及答案【第一题】上合组织举办首次“网络反恐演习”Member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) held their first anti-online terror drill in the southeastern Chinese coastal city of Xiamen on Wednesday.近年来,国际恐怖组织网上活动频繁,经常利用互联网发布恐怖视频、传播极端思想、招募人员,对地区安全与稳定带来极大威胁。
此次演习的模拟设计是:某国际恐怖组织大肆在上海合作组织各成员国的网站、论坛和社交网络中发布恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义煽动信息,刺激潜伏在各成员国境内的极端分子实施暴恐活动。
演习中,上合组织各成员国主管机关在地区反恐怖机构执委会的组织协调下,通过联合行动,及时发现了恐怖组织在互联网各个网站和社交平台上发布的宣传煽动信息,按照本国法律规定和流程处置了本国网站上的恐怖信息,查明了信息发布者的身份信息和活动地点,并对其实施了抓捕,最终消除了网络恐怖威胁。
此次演习主要目的是完善上合组织成员国主管机关查明和阻止利用互联网从事恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义活动领域的合作机制;交流各成员国主管机关在打击利用互联网从事恐怖主义、分裂主义和极端主义活动中的法律程序、组织和技术能力以及工作流程。
请结合文意翻译以下词组及句子:1、国际恐怖组织2、传播极端思想3、招募人员4、地区安全与稳定5、网站、论坛和社交网络6、极端分子7、暴恐活动8、地区反恐怖机构执委会9、联合行动10、身份信息和活动地点11、恐怖主义12、分裂主义13、极端主义14、法律程序15、技术能力16、Member states of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) held their first anti-online terror drill in the southeastern Chinese coastal city of Xiamen on Wednesday.参考答案1、国际恐怖组织 international terrorist groups2、传播极端思想 disseminate extremism3、招募人员 recruit members4、地区安全与稳定 regional security and stability5、网站、论坛和社交网络websites, forums and social networking6、极端分子 extremist7、暴恐活动 violent and terrorist activities8、地区反恐怖机构执委会the executive committee of the regional anti-terrorism body9、联合行动 joint action10、身份信息和活动地点 identity and location11、恐怖主义 terrorism12、分裂主义 separatism13、极端主义 xtremism14、法律程序 law enforcement procedures15、技术能力 technical capability16、Member states of the Shanghai CooperationOrganization (SCO) held their first anti-online terror drill in the southeastern Chinese coastal city of Xiamen on Wednesday.14日,上海合作组织(上合组织)成员国在中国东南沿海城市厦门举办了首次网络反恐演习【第二题】没有一个人将小草叫“大力士”,但是它的力量之大,的确是世所罕见。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案解析

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection(本大题15小题.每题1.0分,共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. )第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】:A【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中;live for为……而生活,盼望;live on 继续生活,以……为主食,靠……生活;live through度过,经受过;根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】:C【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句,空白处应填连词;主句主语是the games,因此选项A、B、D均不对;只有as“随着”符合句意,所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】:C【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力真题及答案解析

CATTI三级笔译综合能力考试试题及答案解析(一)一、Vocabulary Selection(本大题15小题.每题1.0分,共15.0分。
In this part, there are 20 incomplete sentences. Below each sentence, there are four words or phrases respectively marked by letters A, B, C and D. Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence. There is only one right answer. )第1题Since writing home to their parents for money, they had lived________hope.A inB forC onD through【正确答案】:A【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
live in hope生活在希望中;live for为……而生活,盼望;live on 继续生活,以……为主食,靠……生活;live through度过,经受过;根据句意应填A。
第2题________get older, the games they play become increasingly complex.A ChildrenB Children, when theyC As childrenD For children to【正确答案】:C【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】语法应用。
本句逗号前是状语从句,空白处应填连词;主句主语是the games,因此选项A、B、D均不对;只有as“随着”符合句意,所以C为答案。
第3题Martin has created enough memorable ________to make it easy to forgive his lows.A youngstersB noblesC highsD miserables【正确答案】:C【本题分数】:1.0分【答案解析】固定搭配。
CATTI三级笔译综合能力复习备考资料

全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材:1.《英语笔译综合能力3级》,外文,黄源深总主编,2006年版。
(黄皮书)2.《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》,外文,卢敏编,2006年版。
(蓝皮书)课外阅读材料:1.培基、喻云根等,《英汉翻译教程》。
:外语教育,1980年版。
2.宏薇,《新实用汉译英教程》。
:教育,1996年版。
3.柯平,《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。
:大学,1993年版。
4.瑞昌、喻云根,《汉英翻译教程》。
:人民,1983年版。
5.陆殿扬,《英汉翻译理论与技巧》(上、下册)。
:时代,1958年版。
6.莉藜,《英汉互译教程》。
:大学,1993年版。
7.仲英,《实用翻译教程》。
:外语教学与研究,1994年版。
8.庆华,《实用翻译教程》。
:外语教育,1997年版。
9.郭著章,《英汉互译实用教程》。
武昌:大学,1996年版。
10.申雨平,《实用英汉翻译教程》。
:外语教学与研究,2002年版。
11.古今明,《英汉翻译基础》。
:外语教育,2002年版。
12.恩冕、正中,《大学英汉翻译教程》。
:对外经济贸易大学,1998年版。
13.长拴,《非文学翻译理论与实践》。
:中国对外翻译出版公司。
14.桂华,《中式英语之鉴》。
:清华大学。
15.庄绎传,《英汉翻译简明教程》。
:外研社。
16.渊冲:《翻译的艺术》,五洲传播出版。
17.包惠南著:《文化语境与语言翻译》,中国对外翻译出版公司。
18.善芬等著:《英汉语言对比研究》,外语教育。
19.曾蕙兰:《进出口实用英语》,外文。
《汉英文化词典》,外语教育。
20.《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21.《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》,中国对外翻译出版公司。
22.Language, Culture, and Translation,by Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press词法、句法流派代表作陆殿扬:《英汉翻译理论与技巧》,商务印书馆。
【免费下载】CATTI三级笔译综合能力资料

2.定语从句的前置合译法与后置分译法: Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response will experience greater intellectual development. 译文:行为主义者认为, 如果儿童的成长环境里有许多刺激因素, 这些因素又有利于其适当 反应能力的发展, 那么, 儿童的智力就会发展到较高的水平。 The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took roots in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be. 译文:希腊人认为,语言结构与思维能力过程之间存在着某种联系。这一观点在人们尚未认 识到语言的千差万别以前就早已在欧洲扎下了根。
第三部分为开放性完型填空,20 空,共 20 分。题材广泛,选题多样。难度和专业四级 等同。 四、基本复习策略
综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程,主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解,特 别是对双语习惯的掌握,为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础,所以希望每一位同学 都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。根据个人经验,我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略:
最高级修饰先行词时)两(先行词同时出现人和物)序(序数词修饰先行词时)”五种情况。
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全国翻译资格考试三级笔译综合能力资料推荐教材:1.《英语笔译综合能力3级》,外文出版社,黄源深总主编,2006年版。
(黄皮书)2.《英语三级笔译考试真题精选》,外文出版社,卢敏编,2006年版。
(蓝皮书)课外阅读材料:1.张培基、喻云根等,《英汉翻译教程》。
上海:上海外语教育出版社,1980年版。
2.。
3.陈宏薇,《新实用汉译英教程》。
武汉:湖北教育出版社,1996年版。
4.柯平,《英汉与汉英翻译教程》。
北京:北京大学出版社,1993年版。
5.吕瑞昌、喻云根,《汉英翻译教程》。
西安:陕西人民出版社,1983年版。
6.陆殿扬,《英汉翻译理论与技巧》(上、下册)。
北京:时代出版社,1958年版。
7.杨莉藜,《英汉互译教程》。
开封:河南大学出版社,1993年版。
8.范仲英,《实用翻译教程》。
北京:外语教学与研究出版社,1994年版。
9.冯庆华,《实用翻译教程》。
上海:上海外语教育出版社,1997年版。
10.郭著章,《英汉互译实用教程》。
武昌:武汉大学出版社,1996年版。
10.申雨平,《实用英汉翻译教程》。
北京:外语教学与研究出版社,2002年版。
11.古今明,《英汉翻译基础》。
上海:上海外语教育出版社,2002年版。
~12.王恩冕、李正中,《大学英汉翻译教程》。
北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,1998年版。
13.李长拴,《非文学翻译理论与实践》。
北京:中国对外翻译出版公司。
14.姜桂华,《中式英语之鉴》。
北京:清华大学出版社。
15.庄绎传,《英汉翻译简明教程》。
北京:外研社。
16.许渊冲:《翻译的艺术》,五洲传播出版社出版。
17.包惠南著:《文化语境与语言翻译》,中国对外翻译出版公司。
18.何善芬等著:《英汉语言对比研究》,上海外语教育出版社。
19.曾蕙兰:《进出口实用英语》,外文出版社。
《汉英中华文化词典》,上海外语教育出版社。
20.《翻译研究论文集》(1894-1948、1949-1983)(《翻译通讯》编辑部)21.《翻译理论与翻译技巧文集》,中国对外翻译出版公司。
@22.Language, Culture, and Translation,by Eugene A. Nida, Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press词法、句法流派代表作陆殿扬:《英汉翻译理论与技巧》,商务印书馆。
张培基等:《英汉翻译教程》,上海外语教育出版社。
冯树鉴:《实用英汉翻译技巧》,同济大学出版社。
功能流派的代表作郭颐顿、张颖,《商务英汉翻译教程》,中山大学出版社,1995年版。
张鸾铃,《实用英汉翻译技巧》,广东教育出版社,1996年版。
谭宝全,《现代英语翻译技巧》,上海交通大学出版社,1997年版。
当代译论流派代表作…柯平,《英汉与汉英翻译教程》,北京大学出版社。
杨莉藜,《英汉互译教程》,河南大学出版社。
范仲英,《实用翻译教程》,外语教学与研究出版社。
陈宏薇,《新实用汉译英教程》,湖北教育出版社。
中文语法书目吕叔湘,朱德熙:《语法修辞讲话》,辽宁教育出版社。
王力:《中国现代语法》,商务印书馆。
王力:《中国古代语法》,商务印书馆。
高名凯:《汉语语法理论》,商务印书馆。
吕叔湘:《语法学习》,复旦大学出版社。
翻译史马祖毅:《中国翻译史》,中国对外翻译出版公司。
方文华:《中国翻译史》,西北大学出版社。
>谭载喜:《西方翻译简史》,商务印书馆。
第一节考试内容介绍、定语从句讲解、练习及译法"第一部分考试介绍一、考试题型词汇和语法部分50题25分25分钟阅读理解50题55分75分钟完型填空20题20分20分钟二、考试要求掌握本大纲要的英语词汇;掌握并能够正确运用双语语法;具备对常用问题英语文章的阅读理解能力。
】三、笔译综合能力试题的基本类型第一部分词汇和语法部分可分为三大部分:词汇选择(Vocabulary and Grammar)1-20难度大约在四级左右;词语替代(Vocabulary Selection)21-40主要找出和划横线部分相同意思的词汇,难度在4级到6级之间;改错(Error Correction)主要有词汇和语法的两种错误。
第一部分考察的内容主要为近义词的辨析、短语介词和动词词组的搭配;语法点主要包括定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、非谓语动词等等。
在其后会分专题来讲解。
第二部分阅读理解共5篇,字数在每篇150-450字之间,绝大多数在250字左右,每篇有5到10题,不定量。
题材广泛,选题多样。
类似于四级以上难度和题型,但是和专业四级题型更加相似。
第三部分为开放性完型填空,20空,共20分。
题材广泛,选题多样。
难度和专业四级等同。
四、基本复习策略综合能力课程作为三级笔译必修的课程,主要是考察学生对于英语基本知识的了解,特别是对双语习惯的掌握,为了能够更好地为实务课程打下坚实的基础,所以希望每一位同学都不要对这门课程产生掉以轻心的念头。
根据个人经验,我个人推荐以下几个复习的策略:第一、要对大纲的词汇做到十分熟悉,这种熟悉不是简单地认识,而是要学会使用,特别是在没有字典的帮助之下可以迅速而准确地判断搭配。
第二、对于语法结构的重视,但凡是学翻译就必须要对语法结构有着深入的了解,这种了解不是简单地会划分句子成分,而是将每个句子如何组合,这将决定你实务中的句型翻译的关键。
|第三,阅读能力要强。
任何考试都是得阅读者得天下,咱们的综合能力考试也不除外。
包括实务考试,如果文章内容没有弄明白,那么对文章的翻译肯定是不行的。
以上三点经验之谈,仅供参考。
第二部分定语从句的讲解、练习及译法1.that和which用法比较:1) which用于非限定性定语从句中。
.: He said he was busy, which was not true.他说他很忙,那是假的。
|We don’t want to enter the house, which is very cold.我们不想进房间,因为太冷了。
2) which用于介词后做宾语。
.: The room of which windows are opposite to the room is large.窗户正对着海的房间很大。
The chair in which you are sitting is made of iron.你坐的椅子是用钢做的。
3) that一定用于“不(不定代词作先行词时)止(“只是”only修饰先行词时)最(形容词最高级修饰先行词时)两(先行词同时出现人和物)序(序数词修饰先行词时)”五种情况。
.: All that you need is help. 你所需要的是帮助。
A lot of things and children that are full of the car were lost in the district.|装满了车的东西和孩子们在这个地区失踪了。
That is only thing that I want to know.那是我唯一想知道的事情。
The last book that you bought is that I wanted to buy.你买的最后一本书是我想买的。
What is the size of the largest map that you have seen before你以前见过的最大的尺寸的地图有多大2.定语从句的种类定语从句可分为非限定性定语从句(描绘性定语从句)和限定性定语从句。
.: They don’t like that person who is noisy.$他们不喜欢那个吵闹的人。
*非限定性定语从句(描绘性定语从句)和先行词关系紧密,不可省略。
.: They don’t like that person, who is noisy.他们不喜欢那个人,因为他太吵闹了。
*限定性定语从句和先行词关系疏松,用逗号和主句隔开,可以省略。
它翻译时,相当于一个状语从句。
语法及词汇练习1. The bridge was named __ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.A afterB withC byD from2. There were no tickets __ for Friday’s performance.A preferableB considerableC possibleD available\3. __ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.A Inferior toB Superior toC Prior toD Preferable to4. Cancer is second only __ heart disease as a cause of death.A ofB toC withD from5. It wasn't such a good dinner __ she had promised us.A thatB whichC asD what6. American women were __ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard struggle.A ignoredB neglectedC refusedD denied7. They decided to chase the cow away __ it did more damage.A unlessB untilC beforeD although`8. __ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.A EachB AnyC EitherD One9. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at __ chemist’s.A eachB someC anyD certain10. All __ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.A what is neededB for our needsC the thing neededD that is needed11. __ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A When comparedB CompareC While comparingD Comparing12. After __ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.A being interviewedB interviewedC interviewingD having interviewed~13. __ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist.A That was from StephenB It was Stephen whomC It was from Stephen thatD It was Stephen that14. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller __.A suitB setC oneD pair15. Many new __ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.A opportunitiesB necessitiesC realitiesD probabilities16. He must have had an accident, or he __ then.A would have been hereB had to be hereC should be hereD would be here17. You __ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.;A needn’t have doneB must not have doneC shouldn’t have doneD can not have done18. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you __ it.A mustn’t have doneB wouldn’t have doneC mightn’t have doneD didn’t have to do19. It was essential that the applications forms __ back before the deadline.A must be sentB would be sentC be sentD were sent20. We __ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.A just have hadB have just hadC just hadD had just had21. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes __ I heard voices.~A asB whileC afterD when22. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, __ something occurred which attracted my attention.A unlessB untilC whenD while23. It was essential that these application forms __ back as early as possible.A must be sentB will be sentC are sentD be sent24. The children went there to watch the iron tower __.A to erectB be erectedC erectingD being erected25. The engine __ smoke and steam.A gives upB gives inC gives awayD gives off26. The manager promised to keep me __ of how our business was going on.~A to be informedB on informingC informedD informing27. The goals __ he had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.A after whichB for whichC with whichD at which28. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and __ in a quiet neighborhood.A all in allB above allC after allD over all29. __ we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work.A For nowB Now thatC Ever sinceD By now30. What you have done is __ the doctor’s orders.A attached toB responsible toC resistant toD contrary to译法:】1.定语从句的前置合译法:On the whole, such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.译文:总的来说,得出这种结论是有一定程度把握的,但是必须具备两个条件:能够假定这个孩子对测试的态度和与他比较的另一些孩子的态度相同;他也没有因为缺乏别的孩子已掌握的有关知识而被扣分。