民法典中英对照(官方翻译版)--第一编
最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国民法典》婚姻家庭编的解释（一）-法释〔2020〕22号
最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国民法典》婚姻家庭编的解释（一）正文：----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国民法典》婚姻家庭编的解释（一）《最高人民法院关于适用〈中华人民共和国民法典〉婚姻家庭编的解释（一）》已于2020年12月25日由最高人民法院审判委员会第1825次会议通过，现予公布，自2021年1月1日起施行。
最高人民法院2020年12月29日最高人民法院关于适用《中华人民共和国民法典》婚姻家庭编的解释（一）法释〔2020〕22号（2020年12月25日最高人民法院审判委员会第1825次会议通过，自2021年1月1日起施行）目录一、一般规定二、结婚三、夫妻关系四、父母子女关系五、离婚六、附则为正确审理婚姻家庭纠纷案件，根据《中华人民共和国民法典》《中华人民共和国民事诉讼法》等相关法律规定，结合审判实践，制定本解释。
一、一般规定第一条持续性、经常性的家庭暴力，可以认定为民法典第一千零四十二条、第一千零七十九条、第一千零九十一条所称的“虐待”。
第二条民法典第一千零四十二条、第一千零七十九条、第一千零九十一条规定的“与他人同居”的情形，是指有配偶者与婚外异性，不以夫妻名义，持续、稳定地共同居住。
第三条当事人提起诉讼仅请求解除同居关系的，人民法院不予受理；已经受理的，裁定驳回起诉。
当事人因同居期间财产分割或者子女抚养纠纷提起诉讼的，人民法院应当受理。
第四条当事人仅以民法典第一千零四十三条为依据提起诉讼的，人民法院不予受理；已经受理的，裁定驳回起诉。
第五条当事人请求返还按照习俗给付的彩礼的，如果查明属于以下情形，人民法院应当予以支持：（一）双方未办理结婚登记手续；（二）双方办理结婚登记手续但确未共同生活；（三）婚前给付并导致给付人生活困难。
民法典合同编通则司法解释的英文
民法典合同编通则司法解释的英文全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1The judicial interpretation of the General Provisions of the Civil Code is like a secret map that helps us understand the rules in the Civil Code Contract Law. It helps us navigate through the tricky waters of legal language and make sense of what the law says.First of all, let's talk about what a judicial interpretation is. Basically, it's like a guidebook written by judges to explain how the law should be applied in specific situations. Think of it as a cheat sheet that helps us understand what the law really means.Now, when it comes to the General Provisions of the Civil Code, the judicial interpretation gives us more details on how to interpret and apply the rules in the Contract Law. It clarifies concepts like good faith, fairness, and reasonableness, which are important principles in contract law.For example, the judicial interpretation helps us understand what it means to act in good faith when entering into a contract.It tells us that parties should be honest and fair in their dealings, and that they shouldn't try to trick or deceive each other.The interpretation also explains how to determine if a contract is reasonable or not. It tells us that a contract should be fair and balanced for both parties, and that it shouldn't put one party at a disadvantage.In conclusion, the judicial interpretation of the General Provisions of the Civil Code is like a helpful guide that shows us how to navigate the world of contract law. It helps us understand the rules and principles that govern contracts, and it ensures that justice is served in our legal system.篇2Title: My Thoughts on Civil Code Contract Section Judicial InterpretationHey guys, have you heard about the Civil Code Contract Section Judicial Interpretation? It's a really important thing that we should know about. Let me explain it to you in a simple and fun way!First of all, let's talk about what the Civil Code is. The Civil Code is like a set of rules that tells us how we should behave andtreat each other in society. It covers many things, like contracts, property rights, and family relationships.Now, let's focus on the Contract Section of the Civil Code. It talks about how people make agreements with each other, called contracts. Contracts can be about buying or selling things, renting a house, or even getting married!The Judicial Interpretation of the Contract Section is like a guidebook for judges and lawyers to understand how the law applies to different contract situations. It helps them make fair decisions and solve disputes between people.Some important things that the Judicial Interpretation covers are the formation of contracts, the rights and obligations of parties, and how to deal with contract breaches. It's like a cheat sheet that helps everyone understand the rules of the game.In conclusion, the Civil Code Contract Section Judicial Interpretation is like a big rulebook that helps us know how to play by the rules when making agreements with others. It's important for us to follow these rules so that we can live in a fair and just society.Hope you guys learned something new today! Thanks for listening!篇3Once upon a time, there was a magical book called "Civil Code - Contract section General Principles Judicial Interpretation". This book contained lots of rules and guidelines about contracts, which are like promises between people. Let me tell you all about it in English!First things first, this book talks about how contracts are made. It says that people can make contracts by talking to each other, writing things down, or even just by nodding their heads. But there are some important rules to follow, like making sure both parties agree on the terms and not tricking each other.Next, the book talks about different types of contracts. There are contracts for buying things, renting things, borrowing things, and even lending money. Each type of contract has its own rules and requirements, so it's important to pay attention to the details.Now, let's talk about what happens if someone breaks a contract. The book says that if one party doesn't do what they promised in the contract, the other party can ask forcompensation or even take them to court. But it's always best to try to work things out peacefully first.Lastly, the book explains how judges can help interpret and enforce contracts. If there's a dispute about what a contract means, a judge can look at the facts and the law to make a fair decision. It's like having a wise old storyteller to help settle arguments and make sure everyone plays by the rules.And that's the end of our story about the "Civil Code - Contract section General Principles Judicial Interpretation" book. Remember, contracts are like magical spells that bind people together, so always be honest and fair when making promises!篇4The Civil Code Contract Compilation General Provisions Judicial Interpretation was recently released, and it's super important! Let me break it down for you in simple terms, just like how we learn in primary school.First off, what's a contract? Well, it's like a promise between two parties to do something or not do something. It can be written down or just made verbally. It's kind of like when we promise our friends to share our snacks with them.The new judicial interpretation gives us rules on how contracts should be made, performed, and terminated. It also tells us what happens if one party doesn't keep their promise, like if they don't pay back borrowed money.One cool thing in the interpretation is that it says contracts should be fair and reasonable. That means both parties should get something good out of the deal, not just one. It's like when we trade our stickers with our friends - we both get stickers we like!Another important point is that contracts should follow the law. That means they can't go against the rules set by the government. So, if we make a promise to do something illegal, like taking things without permission, that contract won't be valid.In conclusion, the new judicial interpretation helps us understand how contracts work and what we should do if there's a problem. It's like our guidebook for making fair and legal deals with others. So, let's remember to always keep our promises and follow the rules!篇5Title: Let's Talk About the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial InterpretationHey everyone! Today, we're going to talk about something super important called the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial Interpretation. It might sound like a big mouthful, but don't worry - I'm here to break it down for you in simple terms.First things first, what is the Civil Code? Well, the Civil Code is a set of laws that govern our everyday lives, like buying things, renting apartments, and even getting a job. The Contract Compilation is a part of the Civil Code that specifically deals with agreements between people, called contracts. These contracts can be about anything, from buying a toy to renting a house.Now, let's talk about the General Provisions. These are like the basic rules that apply to all contracts. For example, one of the rules is that both parties have to agree to the contract freely and voluntarily. This means that nobody can force someone to sign a contract against their will. Another rule is that the contract has to be legal and follow the law. So, if you make a contract to do something illegal, like steal a bike, it won't be valid.But what happens if there's a disagreement about a contract? That's where the Judicial Interpretation comes in. This is when ajudge looks at the contract and decides what it means and how it should be enforced. They might look at things like the language used in the contract, what the parties intended when they made the agreement, and any other relevant facts.So, in a nutshell, the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial Interpretation are all about making sure that contracts are fair, legal, and enforceable. It's like a guidebook for how we should make agreements with each other. And remember, it's always important to read and understand a contract before you sign it. Stay smart, stay safe, and happy contracting!篇6Oh! Hi everyone! Today, I want to talk about something super cool - the General Provisions of Contracts in the Civil Code of China! It may sound a bit boring, but trust me, it's really important stuff!So, the General Provisions of Contracts are like the rules that we have to follow when we make agreements with other people. They help us understand how contracts work and what we need to do to make sure everything is fair and square.One super cool thing about the General Provisions of Contracts is that they are there to protect us and make sure that everyone sticks to their promises. For example, if we make a deal with someone and they don't keep their end of the bargain, we can use the rules in the General Provisions of Contracts to help us sort things out.Another important thing to remember is that contracts need to be fair and reasonable. That means that we shouldn't agree to anything that is unfair or goes against the law. The General Provisions of Contracts help us understand what is and isn't acceptable when it comes to making agreements.Overall, the General Provisions of Contracts are super important because they help us make sure that everyone is treated fairly and that we can trust the agreements we make with others. So next time you make a deal with someone, remember to keep these rules in mind and make sure everything is clear and fair. Bye for now!篇7Hi guys, today I'm going to talk about the judicial interpretation of the General Provisions of the Civil CodeContract Law. It's a mouthful, but don't worry, I'll break it down for you in simple terms.First of all, what is the Civil Code? It's a set of laws that govern how people interact with each other in society. The Contract Law, which is part of the Civil Code, deals with agreements between two or more parties.Now, the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Law, also known as the "General Principles," lay out the basic rules that apply to all contracts. They cover things like the parties involved, their rights and obligations, and how contracts are formed and terminated.But sometimes, there are disputes or questions about how these rules should be applied. That's where judicial interpretation comes in. Judges and courts can issue interpretations to clarify the meaning of the law and how it should be applied in specific cases.For example, let's say you and your friend make a contract to trade your toys. If there's a disagreement about who should get what toy, the court might issue an interpretation to clarify how the contract should be enforced.So, the judicial interpretation of the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Law plays a crucial role in ensuring that contracts are fair and enforceable. It helps to resolve disputes and uphold the principles of justice and equality.In conclusion, the General Provisions of the Civil Code Contract Law and its judicial interpretations are important tools for maintaining order and fairness in society. Remember, always read the fine print before signing a contract, and if there's any confusion, don't hesitate to seek legal advice. Thanks for listening, guys!篇8Once upon a time, there was a big book called the Civil Code Contract Compilation. It talked about all the rules and laws for making agreements between people. But sometimes, the rules in the book were a little confusing, so the judges had to make some special explanations to help everyone understand better.In the Contract Compilation, there are many important rules about how people can make agreements with each other. For example, it says that a contract is a promise between two or more people to do something or not do something. It also saysthat a contract can be written or just spoken out loud, as long as both sides agree to it.But what happens if someone breaks their promise in a contract? That's when the judges have to step in and make a decision. They use the rules in the Contract Compilation to help them figure out who is right and who is wrong. They also use their own common sense and fairness to make sure that everyone gets treated fairly.The judges' explanations are like little notes in the margins of the Contract Compilation. They help to explain some of the trickier rules and make things clearer for everyone. So even though the big book of laws can be a little confusing sometimes, the judges are always there to help make sure that everything is fair and just for everyone.And that's how the Contract Compilation and its special explanations help to make sure that people can make agreements with each other in a fair and honest way. It's like a big rulebook that everyone can follow to make sure that everyone is happy and treated right. So, next time you make a promise with someone, just remember to follow the rules in the Contract Compilation, and everything will be just fine!篇9Once upon a time, there was a super cool thing called the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial Interpretation. These big words might sound scary, but don't worry, I'll explain it to you in a super fun and easy way!So, the Civil Code Contract Compilation basically talks about how contracts work in our country. It's like a rulebook for when people make promises to each other. For example, if you promise to give your friend a toy in exchange for some candy, that's like a contract!But sometimes, things don't go as planned and people might break their promises. That's where the Judicial Interpretation comes in. It's like a guidebook for judges to help them decide what to do when someone breaks a contract. They have to make sure that everyone is treated fairly and that the rules are followed.So, to sum it all up, the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial Interpretation are like the superheroes of the legal world. They make sure that everyone plays by the rules and that promises are kept. So remember, always think before you make a promise and make sure to follow the rules!And that's the end of our super cool story about the Civil Code Contract Compilation and Judicial Interpretation. I hope you had fun and learned something new! Keep being awesome, my little legal experts! ♂️ ♂️篇10Once upon a time, there was a new law book called the Civil Code Contract Compilation. It was a super important book that helped explain all the rules about contracts in our country. But sometimes, the rules were a bit tricky to understand, so the judges had to make a special guide called the Judicial Interpretation to help everyone understand better.The Judicial Interpretation was like a cheat sheet that explained the rules in a simpler way. It talked about things like how contracts work, what happens if someone breaks a contract, and how to fix things if there's a problem. The judges worked really hard to make sure it was easy for everyone to understand, even kids like us!One cool thing about the Judicial Interpretation is that it helps make sure everyone plays fair when it comes to contracts. It has rules to protect both the people who make the contractand the people who sign it. That way, everyone knows what to expect and nobody gets tricked or cheated.So next time you have to sign a contract, remember to check out the Civil Code Contract Compilation and the Judicial Interpretation to make sure you know all the rules. And if you ever have a problem with a contract, you can always ask a grown-up for help or talk to a lawyer who knows all about contracts. Just remember, contracts are super important, so make sure you understand them before you sign on the dotted line!。
中华人民共和国民法通则英文版
中华人民共和国民法通则GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF THE CIVIL LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLICOF CHINA《中华人民共和国民法通则》已由中华人民共和国第六届全国人民代表大会第四次会议于一九八六年四月十二日通过，现予公布，自一九八七年一月一日起施行。
(Adopted at the Fourth Session of the Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by on April 12, 1986, and effective as of January 1, 1987)目录Contents第一章基本原则Chapter I Basic Principles第二章公民（自然人）Chapter II Citizen (Natural Person)第一节民事权利能力和民事行为能力Section 1 Capacity for Civil Rights and Capacity for Civil Conduct第二节监护Section 2 Guardianship第三节宣告失踪和宣告死亡Section 3 Declarations of Missing Persons and Death第四节个体工商户、农村承包经营户Section 4 Individual Businesses and Leaseholding Farm Households第五节个人合伙Section 5 Individual Partnership第三章法人Chapter III Legal Persons第一节一般规定Section 1 General Stipulations第二节企业法人Section 2 Enterprise as Legal Person第三节机关、事业单位和社会团体法人Section 3 Official Organ, Institution and Social Organization as Legal Persons 第四节联营Section 4 Economic Association第四章民事法律行为和代理Chapter IV Civil Juristic Acts and Agency第一节民事法律行为Section 1 Civil Juristic Acts第二节代理Section 2 Agency第五章民事权利Chapter V Civil Rights第一节财产所有权和与财产所有权有关的财产权Section 1 Property Ownership and Related Property Rights 第二节债权Section 2 Creditors' Rights第三节知识产权Section 3 Intellectual Property Rights第四节人身权Section 4 Personal Rights第六章民事责任Chapter VI Civil Liability第一节一般规定Section 1 General Stipulations第二节违反合同的民事责任Section 2 Civil Liability for Breach of Contract第三节侵权的民事责任Section 3 Civil Liability for Infringement of Rights第四节承担民事责任的方式Section 4 Methods of Bearing Civil Liability第七章诉讼时效Chapter VII Limitation of Action第八章涉外民事关系的法律适用Chapter VIII Application of Law in Civil Relations with Foreigners第九章附则Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions第一章基本原则Chapter I Basic Principles第一条为了保障公民、法人的合法的民事权益，正确调整民事关系，适应社会主义现代化建设事业发展的需要，根据宪法和我国实际情况，总结民事活动的实践经验，制定本法。
民法总则 英文版
民法总则英文版Title: General Principles of Civil LawGeneral Principles of Civil LawChapter 1: General ProvisionsArticle 1: This Law is enacted for the purpose of protecting civil rights and interests, properly regulating civil relations and maintaining social and economic order.Article 2: Citizens, legal persons, and other organizations shall have civil rights and bear civil obligations in accordance with the law.Article 3: Civil rights include personal rights and property rights. Personal rights are inherent rights that individuals possess and enjoy, such as the right to life, health, and personal dignity. Property rights refer to the rights of individuals and other organizations to possess, use, profit from, and dispose of their own property in accordance with the law.Article 4: Civil obligations are the legal liabilities that citizens, legal persons, and other organizations shall fulfill in accordance with the law. Civil obligations include the obligation to respect others' rights, fulfill contractual agreements, compensate for damages caused to others, and perform other obligations as prescribed by law.Chapter 2: Juridical ActsArticle 5: Juridical acts refer to acts performed by citizens, legal persons, or other organizations with the intent to create, modify, or terminate civil rights and obligations.Article 6: Juridical acts shall comply with the principles of voluntariness, fairness, and good faith.Article 7: Juridical acts shall have legal effects from the moment of their formation, unless otherwise provided by law.Article 8: Juridical acts that violate laws or administrative regulations or are contrary to the public interest shall be invalid.Chapter 3: Civil Rights and InterestsArticle 9: Citizens shall not be deprived of their civil rights and interests, except in accordance with the law.Article 10: The civil rights and interests of citizens shall be protected by law. No one may infringe upon the personal rights and property rights of citizens.Chapter 4: Legal PersonsArticle 11: Legal persons are organizations that have independent legal personality and enjoy civil rights and bear civil obligations in accordance with the law.Article 12: Legal persons shall be established in accordance with the law and shall possess necessary qualifications and conditions prescribed by law.Article 13: Legal persons shall enjoy the rights and bear the obligations stipulated by law. The rights and obligations of legal persons shall be exercised and fulfilled by their respective organizations and representatives.Chapter 5: Civil LiabilityArticle 14: Citizens, legal persons, and other organizations shall bear civil liability for their illegal acts that cause damage to others. The civil liability includes the obligation to compensate for the damage, restore the original state, and take necessary measures to prevent further damage.Article 15: Civil liability shall be borne by individuals who have reached the age of full civil capacity. For minors who cause damage to others, their parents or guardians shall bear joint liability.Chapter 6: Time Limits for Civil ActionsArticle 16: Civil actions shall be brought within the time limits prescribed by law. If the time limit is exceeded, the right to bring a civil action shall be extinguished.Article 17: The time limit for bringing a civil action shall be calculated from the date on which the plaintiff knew or should have known that his or her right was infringed upon.Chapter 7: Application of Laws to Foreign-Related Civil RelationsArticle 18: Foreign-related civil relations shall be governed by the law of the country to which the relevant legal relationship is most closely connected, unless otherwise provided by law.Article 19: If an international treaty concluded or acceded to by the People's Republic of China contains provisions different from those in this Law, the provisions of the international treaty shall apply, unless the provisions are otherwise stipulated by the Law.ConclusionThe General Principles of Civil Law provide the foundation for civil rights, obligations, and liability. It regulates the actions of individuals, legal persons, and other organizations in civil relations and ensures the protection of personal rights and property rights. By observing the principles laid out in this law, social and economic order can be maintained in a fair and just manner.。
债权债务终止的情形有哪些？民法典合同编逐条解析（法条附英文翻译）
债权债务终止的情形有哪些？民法典合同编逐条解析（法条附英文翻译）债权债务终止的情形有哪些？民法典合同编逐条解析（法条附英文翻译）第五百五十七条有下列情形之一的，债权债务终止：Article 557 The rights of claims and obligations shall be deemed as terminated under any of the following circumstances:（一）债务已经履行；1. obligations performed;（二）债务相互抵销；2. obligations offset;（三）债务人依法将标的物提存；3. the subject matter put in escrow by the obligor in accordance with the law;（四）债权人免除债务；4. obligations exempted by obligee; or（五）债权债务同归于一人；5. both claims and obligations incorporated to the same person;（六）法律规定或者当事人约定终止的其他情形。
6. other circumstances stipulated by the law or agreed upon by the parties;合同解除的，该合同的权利义务关系终止。
The rights of claims and obligations shall be terminated when the contract is avoided.法条将债务终止的情形总结为七种情况，其中第5款可能会包括许多种情形，这有赖于当事人的约定或其它法律的规定。
要正确理解“合同解除的，该合同的权利义务关系终止”。
很多情况下，合同是在一方当事人严重违约的情况下，另一方根据合同约定或法律的规定解除合同的。
民法典合同编英文
民法典合同编英文**Analysis and Practical Application of the English Version of the Contract Section in the Civil Code****英文内容：**The Civil Code, a comprehensive compilation of civil laws in China, serves as the fundamental legal basis for regulating social relations and safeguarding the legitimate rights and interests of individuals and organizations. Among its various sections, the Contract Section plays a pivotal role in governing contractual relationships, promoting fairness, and ensuring legal certainty.The Contract Section of the Civil Code, encompassing various provisions on the formation, performance, modification, termination, and interpretation of contracts, provides a comprehensive legal framework for parties involved in contractual relationships. One of the key principles underlying these provisions is the autonomy of the parties, which emphasizes the freedom of contract and the need for parties to abide by their contractual obligations.In terms of contract formation, the Code emphasizes the importance of mutual consent and the legality of the contract. Parties are required to reach a consensus on the terms and conditions of the contract, and any contract that violates laws, regulations, or public order and good customs is deemed invalid. This ensures that contracts are fair, equitable, and beneficial to all parties involved.With regard to contract performance, the Code outlines the obligations and rights of the parties. Breach of contract is a serious offense that can lead to legal consequences such as compensation for losses, specific performance, or termination of the contract. The Code also provides for the resolution of disputes arising from contract performance, including negotiation, mediation, arbitration, and litigation.The Contract Section also covers modifications and terminations of contracts. Parties may modify a contract through mutual agreement, provided that such modifications do not violate any laws or regulations. Termination of a contract can occur in various scenarios, such as expirationof the contract term, breach of contract by one party, or mutual agreement by the parties involved.Finally, the Contract Section emphasizes the importance of contract interpretation. When there are ambiguities or disputes regarding the interpretation of contract terms,the Code provides guidelines for resolving such issues,such as the principle of good faith, the principle of fairness, and the principle of customary practices.**中文内容：**《民法典》作为中国民事法律的综合汇编，为调节社会关系、保障个人和组织的合法权益提供了根本法律依据。
《民法典》新内容简介
5、废除公证遗嘱效力优先规则（第1135、1141条）
6、增加遗产管理人制度（1145条）
1、确立“自甘风险”规则（1176条）
侵权责任 2、规定“自助行为”制度（1177条）
编11641258条
3、加强对知识产权的保护（1185条）
4、完善生产者、销售者召回缺陷产品的责任（1206条）
5、规范医患关系与患者隐私保护（第1219、1226条）
6、加强生态环境保护（第1232、1234、1235条）
7、完善高空抛物坠物治理规则（1254条）
谢谢
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《民法典》
By faith I mean a vision of good one cherishes and the enthusiasm that pushes one to seek its fulfillment regardless of obstacles. By faith I mean a vision of good one cherishes and the enthusiasm that pushes one to seek
6、侵犯隐私权行为具体化（第1032、1033条）
7、个人信息内涵的开放性（第1034、1039条）
1、与国家计划生育政策的调整相协调（1098条）
婚姻家庭 2、收养有漏洞，民法典来护航（1098条）
编
3、离婚太冲动，30天内可撤回（1077条）
1040-1118 条
4、想离婚又多了一条路径（1079条）
民法教材目录中英对照
民法Civil Law本书以我国《民法通则》、《物权法》、《合同法》、《继承法》等现行民事法律法规为依据，紧密结合最高人民法院的司法解释，借鉴外国与我国台湾地区的民事立法与司法实践，吸收国内外民法学研究的新成果，理论联系实际，系统论述了民法的基本理论、基本制度和基本知识。
本书主要内容包括民法总论、物权、债权、继承权、人身权、侵权责任，共六编四十三章。
The book integrates theory with practice,and makes a systematic demonstration of basic theories,institutions and knowledges of civil law.It grounds on existing laws and regulations of China,such as General Principles of the Civil Law,Jus in Rem Law,Contract Law,Law of Succession,combining closely with the judicial interpretations of the Supreme People’s Court.It uses legislative and a judicative experiences on civil law in other countries and Taiwan District for reference,absorbs recent theoretical findings by both domestic and foreign academia in civil law.The six parts of the book one Pandect,Jus in rem,Jus ad rem(creditor’s rights),rights of inheritance,personal rights,torts.第一编总论PANDECT第一分编绪论Introduction第一章民法概述Outline of Civil law第一节民法的概念与含义the concept of civil law第二节民法的沿革the evolution of civil law第三节民法的调整对象civil relations covered by civil law第四节民法的性质characteristics of civil law第五节民法与民法学的体系the system of civil law &the science of civil law第六节民法的渊源sources of civil law第七节民法的效力the scope of application of civil law第二章民法的基本原则Basic principles of civil law第一节民法基本原则概述introduction第二节平等原则principles of equality第三节自愿原则principles of voluntariness第四节诚实信用原则principles of good faith第五节禁止权力滥用原则principles of prohibition of civil right abuse第六节公平原则principles of fairness第七节公序良俗原则principles of public order and good customs第三章民事法律关系civil juristic relationship第一节民事法律关系的概念、特征与意义the definition,characteristics&significance第二节民事法律关系的要素the key elements of civil juristic relationship第三节民事法律事实与民事法律关系的发生、变更与消灭creation,alternation&termination of civil juristic relationship and their causes第四节民事权利、民事义务、民事责任civil rights,duties&liabilities第二分编民事权利主体civil subjects第四章自然人nature person第一节自然人的民事权利能力capacity for civil rights第二节自然人的民事行为能力capacity for civil conduct第三节监护Guardianship第四节自然人的住所Domicile第五节宣告失踪与宣告死亡declarations of missing persons and death第五章法人legal persons第一节法人概述introduction第二节法人的分类the classification of legal persons第三节法人的民事权利能力、民事行为能力与民事责任能力legal persons’capacity for civil rights,capacity for civil conduct,and capacity to bear civil liabilities第四节法人的机关legal persons’organ第五节法人的分支机构branches of legal person第六节法人的住所legal persons’ domicile第七节法人的成立、变更、终止the establishment,alteration&termination of legal person 第八节法人的登记the registration of legal person第六章非法人组织entities without legal person status第一节非法人组织概述introduction第二节合伙partnerships第三节其他非法人组织other entities without legal person status第三分编民事权利客体objects of civil right第七章民事权利客体的种类categories of objects of civil right第一节民事权利客体概述introduction第二节物things第三节有价证券securities第四节智力成果intellectual achievements第五节其他客体other objects of civil right第四分编民事权利的变动alternation of civil rights第八章民事行为civil acts第一节民事行为和民事法律行为概述introduction of civil acts&civil juristic acts第二节意思表示expression of intention第三节民事行为的成立与生效formation of civil act ing into effect of civil act第四节附条件与附期限的民事行为civil acts subjuct to conditions&to stipulation of time limit第五节无效的民事行为null and void civil acts第六节可撤销的民事行为changeable and revocable civil acts第七节效力未定的民事行为civil act whose validity is uncertain第九章代理Agency第一节代理的概念和特征the definition and characteristics of agency第二节代理的分类the classification of agency第三节代理权authorities第四节无权代理与表见代理unauthorized agency第十章诉讼时效，除斥期间与期限limitation of action,prescription&time periods第一节时效制度概述introduction of time limitation第二节诉讼时效limitation of action第三节除斥期间prescription第四节期限time periods第二编物权jus in rem第十一章物权总论introduction to jus in rem第一节物权的概念与特征the definition and characteristics of jus in rem第二节物权法的概念与内容the definition and scope of jus in rem law第三节物权的效力the effect of jus in rem第四节物权的类型categories of jus in rem第五节物权的变动the alteration of jus in rem第六节物权的保护the protection of jus in rem第十二章所有权ownership第一节所有权概述introduction第二节国家所有权、集体所有权、私人所有权与其他所有权state ownership,collective ownership,private ownership and others第三节业主的建筑物区分所有权condominium第四节相邻关系neighborhood rights第五节所有权的特别取得方法acquisition of ownership第十三章共有Joint ownership第一章共有的概念与特征the definition and characteristics of joint ownership第二章按份共有co-ownership by shares第三章共同共有common ownership第四章准共有quasi-co-ownership第十四章用益物权usufruct on immovabies第一节用益物权的概念与特征the definition and characteristics of usufruct on immovabies第二节土地承包经营权right to contract for management of land第三节建设用地使用权land use rights for construction第四节宅基地使用权homesteads第五节地役权easements第十五章担保物权jus in rem for security purposes第一节担保物权概述introduction第二节抵押权mortgage第三节质权plege第四节留置权lien第五节担保物权的竞合与物的担保和人的担保的并存relationship between co-existed jus in rem for security purpose第十六章占有possession第一节占有的概念definition第二节占有的效力与保护the effect and protection of possession第三节占有的取得与消灭the acquisition and elimination of possession第三编债权jus ad rem (creditors’ rights)第一分编债券总论pandect第十七章债的概述introduction of jus ad rem第一节债的概念、性质与要素the definition,characterisctics&key elements of adebt第二节债的发生原因causes of debts第三节债法在民法中的地位及其体系the position of debt law in civil law and the structure of debt law第十八章债的类型the classification of debt第一节种类之债obligatio generis第二节货币之债pecuniary debts第三节利息之债interests debts第四节选择之债obligatio alternative第五节连带之债joint and seneral liabilites第十九章债的履行performance of debt第一节债的履行的概念与原则the definition and principles of performance第二节债的适当履行appropriate performance of debt第二十章债的保全与担保preservation of loan and guarantee of obligation第一节债的保全preservation of loan第二节债的担保guarantee of obligation第二十一章债的转移与消灭transference and termination of obligation第一节债的转移the transference of obligation第二节债的消灭the termination of obligation第二分编债权分论debts specific第二十二章合同概述introduction to contract第一节合同的概念与特征the concept and characteristics of contract第二节合同的分类the classification of contract第二十三章合同的订立conclusion of a contract第一节合同订立的程序procedures for formating a contract第二节合同的内容与解释contract contents and their interpretation第二十四章双务合同履行中的抗辩权defenst system in the performance of bilateral contracts第一节双务合同履行中的抗辩权概述introduction第二节同时履行抗辩权counterargument right for simultaneous performance第三节先履行抗辩权counterargument right for security第四节不安抗辩权right of plea against the advanced performance第二十五章合同的变更和解除modification and rescission第一节合同变更与解除的概念和条件the concept and conditions of the modification and rescission第二节合同变更与解除的程序和法律后果the procedure and legal consequences of the modification and rescission第二十六章缔约过失责任与违约责任contract law liabilities第一节缔约过失责任liability for wrong in concluding a contract第二节违约责任liability for breach of contract第二十七章各种合同specific contracts第一节买卖合同contracts for sale第二节互易合同contracts of barter第三节供用电、水、气、热力合同contracts for supply and use ofelectricity,water,gas or heating第四节赠与合同contracts for donation第五节借款合同contracts for loans第六节租赁合同contracts for lease第七节借用合同contracts of loan for usage第八节融资租赁合同financial leasing contracts第九节承揽合同contracts for work第十节建设工程合同contracts for construction projection第十一节运输合同contracts for transportation第十二节保管合同contracts for storage第十三节仓储合同contracts for warehousing第十四节委托合同contracts for commission第十五节行纪合同contracts for brokerage第十六节居间合同contracts for intermediation第十七节合伙合同contracts for partnership第十八节隐名合伙合同contracts for partnership with dormant partners第十九节技术合同technological contract第二十八章无因管理之债obligations arising from management of othe people’s affairs without mandate第一节无因管理概述introduction第二节无因管理的成立要件constitutive elements of management of other people’s affairs without mandate第三节无因管理之债的内容legal consequences of management of other people’s affairs without mandate第二十九章不当得利之债obligations arising from unjust enrichment第一节不当得利概述introduction第二节不当得利的成立条件与类型constitutive elements and categories第三节不当得利之债的内容legal consequences of unjust enrichment第四编继承权rights of inheritance第三十章继承权概述rights of inheritance第一节继承权的概念与特征the concept and characteristics第二节我国继承法的基本原则the principles of law of succession第三节继承权的接受、放弃、丧失和保护the acceptance,disclaimer,disinheritance and protection of rights of inheritance第三十一章法定继承statutory succession第一节法定继承的概念和适用范围the concept and scope application of statutory succession第二节法定继承人的范围与继承顺序the range of heirs at law and the order of sussession第三节代位继承inheritance in subrogation第四节法定继承中的遗产分配distribution of the estate in statutory succession第三十二章遗嘱继承、遗赠与遗赠抚养协议testamentary succession,legacy and legacy-support agreements第一节遗嘱继承的概念与特征the concept and characteristics of testamentarysuccession第二节遗嘱的设立making a will第三节遗嘱的变更、撤销与执行the alteration,revocation and execution of a will 第四节遗赠legacy第五节遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreements第三十三章遗产的处理the disposition of estate第一节继承的开始opening of succession第二节遗产estate第三节遗产的分割与债务清偿the partition of the eatate and repayment of the debts第四节无人继承又无人受遗赠的遗产the estate without successors or legatees第五编人身权personal rights第三十四章人身权概述introduction第一节人身权的概念和分类the concept and classifications第二节人身权的内容和意义the function and significance第三十五章人格权right of personality第一节人格权概述introduction第二节生命权right of life第三节健康权right of health第四节身体权bodily right第五节姓名权与名誉权right of name第六节肖像权right of portrait第七节名誉权right of reputation第八节隐私权right of privacy第九节信用权right of credit第十节人身自由权right of freedom第十一节贞操权right of chastity第十二节一般人格权general personality第三十六章身份权rights of personal status第一节身份权的概念和特征the concept and characteristics第二节荣誉权right to honor第三节其他身份权others第六编侵权责任torts第三十七章侵权责任概述introduction第一节侵权行为与侵权责任的概念与特征the concept and juristic characteristics of torts and tort liabilities第二节侵权行为的分类categories of tort第三十八章侵权行为归责原则imputation principles of tort liability第一节侵权行为归责原则的概念与体系the concept and system of the principles 第二节过错责任原则liability for fault第三节无过错原则liability without fault第三十九章一般侵权行为的构成要件constitutive elements of torts第一节一般侵权行为构成要件概述introduction第二节行为violations of legal duty第三节损害事实actual losses or damages第四节因果关系causal connection between tortious conducts and damages第五节过错fault第四十章侵害财产权与人身权的行为与责任encroachment upon property rights or person rights of other people and corresponding liabilities第一节侵害财产权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s property rights and corresponding liabilities第二节侵害生命权、健康权与身体权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of life,right of health or bodily right anf corresponging liabilities第三节侵害姓名权与名称权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of name and corresponding liabilities第四节侵害肖像权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of portrait and corresponding liabilities第五节侵害名誉权与信用权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of reputation or right of credit and corresponding liabilities第六节侵害隐私权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of privacy and corresponding liabilities第七节侵害人身自由权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of freedom and corresponding liabilities第八节侵害贞操权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of chastity and corresponding liabilities第九节侵害一般人格权与荣誉权的行为与责任encroachment upon other people’s right of general personality or right to honor and corresponding liabilities 第四十一章共同侵权行为与责任joint tort第一节共同加害行为与责任joint injurious act第二节共同危险行为与责任joint dangerous act第三节无意思联络的熟人侵权行为与责任several concurrent tortfeasors第四十二章各类侵权责任particular tortious activities第一节各类侵权责任概述introduction第二节国家机关及其工作人员的职务侵权行为与责任encroachment of state organs or its personnel第三节产品缺陷致人损害的侵权行为与责任encroachment caused by defective products第四节高度危险作业致人损害的侵权行为与责任encroachment caused by greatly hazardous operations第五节污染环境致人损害的侵权行为责任encroachment caused by pollution第六节地面施工致人损害的侵权行为责任encroachment caused by constructions 第七节建筑物或者其他设施致人损害的侵权行为责任encroachment caused by working objects第八节饲养的动物致人损害的侵权行为责任encroachment caused by domesticated animals第九节无民事行为能力人、限制民事行为能力人致人损害的侵权行为与责任encroachment by persons without or with limited capacity for civil conduct第十节医疗侵权行为与责任medical malpractice and corresponding liabilities第十一节道路交通事故侵权行为与责任road-traffic accidents and corresponding tort liabilities第十二节违反安全保障义务致人损害的侵权行为与责任breach of security-and-protection-duty and corresponding tort liabilities第十三节校园中侵权行为与责任torts on campus and corresponding liabilities 第十四节雇佣关系中的侵权行为与责任vicarious liabilities of employor第十五节承揽关系中的侵权行为与责任vicarious liabilities of independent contractor第十六节帮工活动中的侵权行为与责任vicarious liability arising out of master&servant relationship第四十三章侵权责任的承担remedies第一节侵权责任的形式及其适用the concept and characteristics of tort liabilities and application of remedy methods第二节侵权损害赔偿compensation for damages,the most important remedy method第三节财产损害赔偿与人身损害赔偿compensation for damages to property,compensation for personal damages第四节精神损害赔偿emotional damages第五节侵权责任的免责事由reasons for counterarguments第六节违约责任与侵权责任的竞合coincidence of tortious liabilities and other civil liabilitiesCredit by 秋爽。
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中华人民共和国民法典Civil Codeofthe People’s Republic of China(2020年5月28日第十三届全国人民代表大会第三次会议通过) (Adopted at the Third Session of the Thirteenth National People’s Congress on May 28，2020)第一编总则 (1)Book One：General Part (1)第一章基本规定 (1)Chapter I：General Provisions (1)第二章自然人 (3)Chapter II：Natural Persons (3)第三章法人 (16)Chapter III：Legal Persons (16)第四章非法人组织 (28)Chapter IV：Unincorporated Organizations (28)第五章民事权利 (29)Chapter V：Civil-law Rights (29)第六章民事法律行为 (34)Chapter VI：Civil Juristic Acts (34)第七章代理 (41)Chapter VII：Agency (41)第八章民事责任 (46)Chapter VIII：Civil Liability (46)第九章诉讼时效 (49)Chapter IX：Limitation of Action (49)第十章期间计算 (53)Chapter X：Counting of Periods of Time (53)第一编总则Book One：General Part第一章基本规定Chapter I：General Provisions第一条【立法目的】为了保护民事主体的合法权益，调整民事关系，维护社会和经济秩序，适应中国特色社会主义发展要求，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，根据宪法，制定本法。
Article 1 This Law is formulated in accordance with the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China for the purposes of protecting the lawful rights and interests of the persons of the civil law，regulating civil-law relations，maintaining social and economic order，meet the needs for developing socialism with Chinese characteristics，and carrying forward the core socialist values.第二条【调整范围】民法调整平等主体的自然人、法人和非法人组织之间的人身关系和财产关系。
Article 2 The civil law regulates personal and proprietary relationships among the persons of the civil law，namely，natural persons，legal persons，and unincorporated organizations that are equal in status.第三条【民事权益受法律保护】民事主体的人身权利、财产权利以及其他合法权益受法律保护，任何组织或者个人不得侵犯。
Article 3 The personal rights，proprietary rights，and other lawful rights and interests of the persons of the civil law are protected by law and free from infringement by any organization or individual.第四条【平等原则】民事主体在民事活动中的法律地位一律平等。
Article 4 All persons of the civil law are equal in legal status when conducting civil activities.第五条【自愿原则】民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循自愿原则，按照自己的意思设立、变更、终止民事法律关系。
Article 5 When conducting a civil activity， a person of the civil law shall，in compliance with the principle of voluntariness，create，alter，or terminate a civil juristic relationship according to his own will.第六条【公平原则】民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循公平原则，合理确定各方的权利和义务。
Article 6 When conducting a civil activity， a person of the civil law shall，in compliance with the principle of fairness，reasonably clarify the rights and obligations of each party.第七条【诚信原则】民事主体从事民事活动，应当遵循诚信原则，秉持诚实，恪守承诺。
Article 7 When conducting a civil activity， a person of the civil law shall，in compliance with the principle of good faith，uphold honesty and honor commitments.第八条【守法与公序良俗原则】民事主体从事民事活动，不得违反法律，不得违背公序良俗。
Article 8 When conducting a civil activity，no person of the civil law shall violate the law，or offend public order or good morals.第九条【绿色原则】民事主体从事民事活动，应当有利于节约资源、保护生态环境。
Article 9 When conducting a civil activity，a person of the civil law shall act in a manner that facilitates conservation of resources and protection of the ecological environment.第十条【法律适用】处理民事纠纷，应当依照法律；法律没有规定的，可以适用习惯，但是不得违背公序良俗。
Article 10 Civil disputes shall be resolved in accordance with law. Where the law does not specify，custom may be applied，provided that public order and good morals may not be offended.第十一条【优先适用特别法】其他法律对民事关系有特别规定的，依照其规定。
Article 11 Where there are other laws providing special provisions regulating civil-lawrelations，such provisions shall be followed.第十二条【效力范围】中华人民共和国领域内的民事活动，适用中华人民共和国法律。
法律另有规定的，依照其规定。
Article 12 The laws of the People’s Republic of China shall apply to the civil activities taking place within the territory of the People’s Republic of China，except as otherwise provided by law.第二章自然人Chapter II：Natural Persons第一节民事权利能力和民事行为能力Section 1：Capacity for Enjoying Civil-law Rights and Capacity forPerforming Civil Juristic Acts第十三条【自然人民事权利能力的起止】自然人从出生时起到死亡时止，具有民事权利能力，依法享有民事权利，承担民事义务。
Article 13 A natural person shall，from the time of birth until the time of death，have the capacity for enjoying civil-law rights，and may enjoy civil-law rights and assume civil-law duties in accordance with law.第十四条【自然人民事权利能力平等】自然人的民事权利能力一律平等。
Article 14 All natural persons are equal in their capacity for enjoying civil-law rights.第十五条【自然人出生和死亡时间的判断标准】自然人的出生时间和死亡时间，以出生证明、死亡证明记载的时间为准；没有出生证明、死亡证明的，以户籍登记或者其他有效身份登记记载的时间为准。
有其他证据足以推翻以上记载时间的，以该证据证明的时间为准。
Article 15 The time of birth and time of death of a natural person are determined by the time recorded on his birth or death certificate as applied，or，if there is no birth or death certificate，by the time recorded in the natural person’s household registration or other valid identity certificate. If there is sufficient evidence overturning the time recorded in the aforementioned documents，the time that is established by such evidence shall prevail.第十六条【胎儿利益的特殊保护】涉及遗产继承、接受赠与等胎儿利益保护的，胎儿视为具有民事权利能力。