核电专业英语词汇
核电词汇
mesures préventives /de prévention预防措施sûreté安全 / sécurité（人员）安全réacteur反应堆combustible燃料tranche机组/ tranche en marche在机组运行情况下réduire la probabilité de fusion du coeur降低堆芯熔化的风险limiter les conséquences限制造成的后果，降低影响puissance électrique电功率/puissance thermique热功率assemblage combustible燃料组件condenseur冷凝器/ condenser压缩、使冷凝pression vapeur蒸汽压力systèmes de sauvegarde安全系统une zone d’étalement du corium/le récupérateur de corium/ compartiment d'étalement 堆芯熔融物收集区Température sortie cœur堆芯出口温度Température entrée cœur堆芯入口温度La température est en croissance en fonction de l’augmentation de la puissance Instrumentation nucléaire核测量仪表conduire à des conséquences sur 对…造成影响défaillance 失效、故障état en puissance运行状态/ état d’arrêt停堆状态brèche extérieur enceinte 安全壳外部破口petite brèche小破口grosse brèche大破口brèche intermédiaire中破口l'interface homme-machine人机界面action protectrice保护动作risque de rejet en eau 排水风险éliminer/ élimination排除/exclure/exclusionéliminer les risques de rejet en eau排除排水风险dispositions de prévention /dispositions préventives预防措施la prévention des accidents 事故预防éviter les rejets liquides ou gazeux避免液体排放气体排放la décharge atmosphère/ la décharge à l’atmosphère向大气排放alimentation électrique ou en eau 电源、水源供水供电îlotage孤岛运行。
英汉核电工程常用词汇
英汉核电工程常用词汇英汉核电工程常用词汇核电工程是指利用核能发电的工程，其领域广泛，包括核反应堆、核燃料循环、辐射防护、核废物处理等多个方面。
在核电工程的过程中，涉及到许多专业技术的术语和词汇。
以下是一些英汉核电工程常用词汇及其解释。
1. Nuclear Power Plant（核电站）：一个核电站通常由一到多个核反应堆组成，可以按照发电容量分为小型、中型和大型核电站。
它还包括冷却系统、核燃料循环设备、电力传输系统等组成。
2. Nuclear Reactor（核反应堆）：一种通过核反应来产生能量的装置。
核反应堆分为热中子堆和快中子堆，用于发电的大多是热中子堆。
核反应堆通过核裂变反应来产生能量，并通过循环系统将热能转化为电能。
3. Nuclear Fuel（核燃料）：核反应堆中的燃料，一般采用铀或钚等放射性元素作为原料。
燃料通过核反应发生裂变反应产生热能，转化为电能。
4. Nuclear Radiation（核辐射）：指核反应放出的粒子或电磁辐射。
辐射分为电离辐射和非电离辐射，可对人体造成不良影响。
5. Nuclear Fission（核裂变）：指将原子核分裂成两个较小的核的过程。
核裂变是核反应堆发电的基本原理。
6. Nuclear Fusion（核聚变）：指将两个轻核聚合成较重核的过程。
核聚变是太阳等恒星的主要能量来源。
7. Radioactive Waste（放射性废物）：指在核燃料循环和核反应运行中产生的废料，其具有放射性，并且会对环境和人体造成影响。
8. Containment Building（容器建筑物）：指核反应堆的保护结构，用于防止核泄漏事故的发生。
容器建筑物通常由混凝土、钢筋等材料构成。
9. Coolant System（冷却系统）：指用于冷却核反应堆的系统，包括冷却剂、泵、换热器等组成，其功效在于将热能稳定地转移出去，保持核反应堆的正常运行。
10. Electrical Grid（电力网络）：指连接电站和用户的电力传输系统，包括输电线路、变电站、配电设施等组成。
核电 专 业 英 语 词 汇
1.1. 原子核、元素及材料中子neutron核nucleus （复数）nuclei 硼boron 硼酸boric acid可燃毒物burnable poison 硼浓度boron concentration不锈钢stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel 铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel 1.2. 术语1.2.1.工况衰变decay裂变fission燃耗burnup反应性reactivity裂变产物fission product临界criticality换料周期fuel cycle运行工况operating condition 停堆shutdown满功率运行full power operation 瞬态，瞬变transient衰变热decay heat余热residual heat厂用电house load次临界subcritical超临界supercritical慢化剂moderator冷却剂coolant溶剂solvent反射层reflector1.2.2.设备稳压器pressurizer (PRZ)蒸汽发生器Steam Generator (SG)屏蔽泵canned (motor) pump反应堆压力容器Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV)包壳cladding安全壳containment堆芯，活性区core燃料棒fuel rod燃料组件fuel assembly控制棒control rod控制棒组件Control Element Assembly (CEA)控制棒驱动机构Control Element Drive Mechanism (CEDM) 柴油发电机diesel generator1.3. 系统压水堆Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)反应堆冷却剂泵（主泵）Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP)反应堆冷却剂系统（一回路系统）Reactor Coolant System (RCS)一回路系统/主回路系统primary system一/二回路primary/secondary loop非能动余热导出系统passive decay heat removal system自动降压系统automatic depressurization system (ADS)化学与容积控制系统（化容系统）Chemical and V olume Control System 专设安全设施Engineered Safety Feature (ESF)余热排出系统Residual Heat-Removal System应急堆芯冷却系统Emergency Core Cooling System安注系统Safety Injection (SI) System非能动安全系统passive safety system设冷水component cooling water非能动堆芯冷却系统passive core cooling system1.4. 事故运行安全裕量operating margin冷却剂丧失事故（失水事故）Loss-of-coolant Accident (LOCA)假设始发事件postulated initiating events 事故工况accident condition单一故障准则single-failure criterion共因故障common cause failure纵深防御defense in depth 设计基准事故design basis accident 固有安全性inherent safety冗余性redundancy多样性diversity完整性integrity多层屏障multiple barrier放射性radioactivity海啸tsunami屏蔽shielding核安全准则nuclear safety criteria 1.5. 方向横向lateral纵向longitudinal 径向radial 垂直/立式安装vertically mounted 环向circumferential轴向axial1.6. 腐蚀腐蚀corrode, corrosion 气蚀cavitation点蚀/孔蚀pitting缝隙腐蚀crevice corrosion 冲蚀erosion老化ageing磨损wear蠕变creep 应力stress应变strain辐照肿胀irradiation swelling1.7. 阀门波动管surge line安全阀safety valve卸压阀relief valve爆破阀squib valve主蒸汽隔离阀main steam isolation valve。
核电专业词汇表(中英文)
部件或系统在执行其设计功能时所持续的总时间。
行为形成因子
在 PSA 的人员可靠性分析中所考虑的影响人误概率的因素，包括：
40 Performance shaping 人员的培训水平、程序的质量/可用性、实施某项操作的可用时间、
factor，PSF
操作的环境等。
在事故进程以及安全壳或专设安全设施的可用响应方面具有相似
ANS － 美国核学会 ASEP － 事故序列评价程序 ASME － 美国机械工程师学会 ATWS － 未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态 CCF － 共因事件 CCI － 共因始发事件 CDF － 堆芯损坏频率 EOP/AOP － 应急操作规程/异常操作规程 FMEA － 故障模式和影响分析 HFE － 人员失误事件 HLRs － 总体要求 HRA － 人员可靠性分析 HVAC － 暖通空调系统 IAEA － 国际原子能机构 V-LOCA － 一回路接口系统冷却剂丧失事故 LERF － 早期大量释放频率 LOCA － 冷却剂丧失事故 LOOP － 厂外电源丧失 MOV － 电动阀 NEI － 美国核能研究所 NPSH － 净正吸入压头 NRC － 美国核管会 PSA/PRA － 概率安全(风险)评价 PSF － 行为形成因子 PWR － 压水堆 RAW － 风险增加值 RCS/RCP － 反应堆冷却剂系统 RHR － 余热排出系统 RRI － 设备冷却水系统 SAR － 安全分析报告
模化的事故序列
2
Accident sequence
modeled
事故序列分析
3
Accident sequence
analysis
功率运行
4
At power
可用度
5
Availability
核工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
核工程专业英语词汇(整理版)本文档旨在整理核工程专业常用的英语词汇，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用相关领域的英语术语。
1. Nuclear engineering - 核工程2. Nuclear power plant - 核电站3. Reactor - 反应堆4. Nuclear n - 核裂变5. Nuclear n - 核聚变6. active - 放射性的7. e - 同位素8. Criticality - 临界性9. n - 辐射10. n - 污染11. active waste - 放射性废物12. Shielding - 屏蔽13. n dose - 辐射剂量14. Nuclear safety - 核安全15. Emergency preparedness - 应急准备17. Nuclear fuel - 核燃料18. Nuclear ___ - 核燃料循环19. ___ - 核废物处理20. Nuclear n - 核能监管21. ___ - 核扩散22. Nuclear accident - 核事故23. Nuclear security - 核安全24. Nuclear medicine - 核医学25. logy - 放射科学26. Nuclear physics - 核物理学27. ___ - 核能28. Neutron - 中子29. Gamma ray - 伽玛射线30. Alpha particle - 阿尔法粒子以上为部分核工程专业英语词汇，希望能对您有所帮助。
如需进一步了解相关术语和概念，请参考专业教材或相关文献。
核能英语专业词汇大全
核能核电英语翻译专业词汇放射性气溶胶：Radioactive aerosol放射性气溶胶监测仪：Radioactive aerosol monitor校准系统：Calibration system滤膜：Filter membrane过滤效率：Filtration efficiency内照射剂量：Internal dose气载放射性：Airborne radioactiveα气溶胶：α aerosol人工α放射性核素：artificial alpha-emitter粒径(粒度)：Particle size放射性活度浓度：Activity concentration分散法：Dispersion method凝集法(凝集技术)：Agglutination test单分散气溶胶：Monodisperse aerosol单分散性：Monodispersity凝结核：Condensation nucleus饱和器：Saturator冷凝管：Condenser光学法：Optical method沉降法：Sedimentation method光散射法：Light scattering method米氏理论：Mie theory光学等效直径：Optical equivalent diameter电离：ionization激发：excitation核辐射探测器：Nuclear radiation detector离子对：Ion pair金硅面垒型探测器：Au-Si surface barrier detector离子注入硅探测器：Ion-implanted semiconductor detector 天然放射性气溶胶：Natural radioactive aerosol符合法：Coincidence method半衰期：half-life延迟符合时间：Delayed coincidence time符合计数：Coincidence counting符合因子：Coincidence factor喷雾器：Sprayer干燥器：Dryer分样器：Sampling spliter混合室：Mixing chamber紊流流态：Turbulent flow标准仪器：Standard instrumentPIPS探测器：Passivated Implanted Planar Silicon detector假符合因子：Pseudocoincidence factorα串道补偿因子：α compensation factor气载放射性：Airborne radioactiveα气溶胶：α aerosol人工α放射性核素：artificial alpha-emitter 粒径(粒度)：Particle size放射性活度浓度：Activity concentration 分散法：Dispersion method凝聚法(凝聚技术)：Agglutination test单分散气溶胶：Monodisperse aerosol单分散性：Monodispersity凝结核：Condensation nucleus饱和器：Saturator冷凝管：Condenser光学法：Optical method沉降法：Sedimentation method光散射法：Light scattering method电离：ionization激发：excitationβ衰变：β decay半衰期：half-life喷雾器：Sprayer干燥器：Dryer再热器：Reheater癸二酸二异辛酯：Di-2-ethyl hexyl sebacate邻苯二甲酸二辛酯：Di-n-octyl-o-phthalate聚癸烯：1-decene, tetramer mixed with 1-decene, commonly known as Emery 3004空气净化系统：Air purification system凝聚式单分散气溶胶发生实验装置：Condensation type mono-dispersion aerosol generator同相凝结：homogeneous condensation异相凝结：heterogeneous condensaton分散度：dispersion高效粒子空气过滤器：High efficiency particle air filter航空γ谱仪：airborne gamma-ray spectrometry （AGS）航空γ能谱分析：analysis of airborne gamma-ray spectrum介质互换：medium exchange地层模块化：idea of modular stratum特征γ射线能量分区：energy partitioning for characteristic gamma-ray 逆矩阵法：inverse matrix method逐道最小二乘法：one by one channel least square能量色散X荧光分析仪：energy dispersion X-ray fluorescence analyzer 响应谱：response spectrum基体效应校正：matrix effect correction平衡235U&238U系：equilibrium 235U&238U series平衡钍系：equilibrium 232Th series天然放射性：natural radioactivity无限大地层：infinite formation航空γ谱仪响应谱：response spectrum of AGS蒙特卡罗数值模拟方法：Monte Carlo simulation method粒子输运问题：particle transport problem辐射监测：radiation monitoring核反应堆设计：design of nuclear reactor核技术应用：nuclear technology application球壳模型：spherical shell model航空γ探测点：detection point of airborne gamma-ray天然辐射环境：natural radiation environment源抽样粒子数：sampling particle number球壳型探测器：spherical shell detector特征射线能量：characteristic gamma-ray energy模拟谱：simulation spectrum航空γ探测：detection of airborne gamma-ray放射性核素的比活度：activity concentration of radionuclide能量刻度：energy calibration半高宽刻度：full width at half maximum calibration （FWHM calibration）特征射线峰：peak of characteristic gamma-ray半宽度：full width at half maximum （FWHM）峰位：peak position吸收系数：absorption coefficient特征γ射线：characteristic gamma-ray全能峰计数：full energy peak countγ场理论：theory of gamma field宇宙射线：cosmic ray大气氡：atmospheric radon粒子群：particle swarm模拟退火优化：simulated annealing optimization天然放射性核素：natural radionuclide半衰期：half life测线：survey line压水堆：pressurized water reactor（PWR）压水堆燃料棒破损性状分析程序：analysis code for fuel-rod failure character of PWR压水堆燃料棒破损实时探测系统：real-time detection system for fuel-rod failure of PWR安全运行：safety operation燃料棒包壳：fuel cladding放射性物质：radioactive material当量碘：Equivalent iodine核燃料循环：nuclear fuel cycle核脉冲：nuclear pulse能谱数据：spectrum data惰性气体：inert gas燃料芯块：fuel pellet燃料晶粒：fuel grain释放速率：release rate衰变常数：decay constant裂变率：fission rate理想气体常数：perfect gas constant扩散常数：universal gas constant国际原子能机构：international atomic energy agency (IAEA) 燃料棒行为分析程序：analysis code for fuel-rod behavior稳态运行：steady-state operation破口：break周期换料：fuel cycle富集度：enrichment ratio一回路系统：primary system燃料棒破损：fuel rod failure实时探测：real-time detection化学取样方法：chemical sampling method闪烁体探测器：scintillator detector核素：nuclides放射性活度（活度）：activity核反应堆：nuclear reactor放射性活度浓度：activity concentration放射性：radioactivity辐射（放射性）剂量：radiation dose裂变产物：fission products一回路冷却剂：primary coolant堆芯：reactor core裂变气体或其子体：fission gases or their decay product γ能谱法：γ spectrum同位素：isotope燃耗：burnup裂变产额（产率）：fission yields特征峰：characteristic peak半衰期：half life取样管路：sampling line衰变：decay光电倍增管：photomultiplier tube（PMT）能量分辨率：energy resolution报警阈值：alarm threshold标准源：Standard source压水堆：Pressurized water reactor堆芯：Core燃料元件：Fuel-rod全能峰探测效率：Full-energy peak efficiency校准：Calibration液体标准源：Liquid source自吸收修正：Self-absorption correction放射性核素：Radionuclide燃料元件破损在线探测装置：On-line detection Device for fuel-rod failureLaBr探测器：LaBr detectorγ射线峰：Peak of γ photon符合相加修正：Coincidence correction校准曲线：Calibration curve能量—效率曲线：Energy-efficiency curve不确定度：Uncertainty元件包壳：Fuel cladding核反应堆：Nuclear reactor裂变产物：Fission products一回路冷却剂：Primary coolant放射性活度：Radioactivity量值溯源：Traceability of value活度浓度：Activity concentrationγ谱仪：γ Spectrometerγ光子全能峰面积：Full-energy peak area of the γ photon分支比（发射率）：Emission rate符合相加效应：Coincidence summing分辨时间：Resolution time级联γ光子：Cascade γ photon级联效应：Cascade effect取样管路：Sampling line60Co的1332 keVγ峰：1332 keV peak of 60Co有级联辐射的核素：nuclide with cascade radiations符合相加修正系数：Coincidence summing correction coefficient三通阀门：Triple valve反康普顿低本底 谱仪：Low-background Compton-suppressed spectrometer衰减修正：Attenuation correction蒙特卡罗方法（蒙特卡罗模拟）：Monte Carlo simulationγ级联衰变：γ cascade decay净计数率：Net count rate死时间：Dead time半衰期：Half life能量分辨率：Energy resolution体源：V olume source单能γ放射性核素：monoenergetic γ-ray emitting radionuclide 多能γ放射性核素：Multi-energy γ-ray emitting radionuclide 级联发射γ光子：γ rays are emitted in cascade发射几率：Emission rate一致性好：Be in good agreement数字符合：Digital coincidence数字符合技术（方法）：Digital coincidence counting符合测量装置：Coincidence measurement device高速数据采集卡：High speed acquisition card探测器：Detector死时间修正：Dead time correction符合分辨时间修正：Coincidence resolving time correction效率外推：Efficiency extrapolation标准源：Standard source脉冲堆积：Pulse pile-up假峰：Ghost peak漏计数：Counting lossβ-γ符合测量：β-γ coincidence measurement流气式4π正比计数器：Gas-flow proportional counterβ道：β channel核脉冲信号：Nuclear pulse signal井形NaI(Tl)探测器：Well-type NaI(Tl) detectorP型同轴HPGe探测器：P-type HPGe coaxial detector 延迟时间谱：Delay time spectraγ能量窗：γ energy window阈值：Threshold固定死时间：Fixed dead time扩展死时间：Extended dead time真符合计数率：True coincidence counting rate甄别阈：Discriminating threshold表观效率：Apparent efficiency计数统计：Counting statistics半衰期修正：Half-life correction本底修正：Background correction。
核电专业英汉词汇
A A [ampere] 安培aberrant source 异常误差来源ablution 清洗，吹除abnormal condition 异常工况abnormal event 异常事件abnormal occurrence 异常事件abnormal operation 异常运行abnormality 异常abort 异常中止above-critical 超临界的above-ground 地面（上的）above-water 水（上的）abradant （研）磨料abrasion 磨损[蚀]abrasion resistance test 耐磨试验abrasion-proof 耐磨（的）abrasive cutting 砂轮切割abreuography 荧光X射线照相术abruption 断裂abscess （金属中）气孔，砂眼absolute alarm 绝对值报警absolute error 绝对误差absolute filter 绝对过滤器absorbance 吸收率absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed fraction 吸收部分/份额absorber 吸收体[剂]absorber element 吸收元件absorber rod 吸收棒absorptance 吸收率[系数]absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收柱absorption cross section 吸收截面absorption type 吸收类型abstraction 萃取abundance 丰度ac [alternative current] 交流[电] acceleration pressure drop 加速压降acceleration spring 加速弹簧acceptable daily intake[ADI] 日容许摄入量acceptable limit 可接受限值acceptance 验收acceptance criteria 验收准则，验收标准acceptance inspection 验收检查accepted as noted 按说明接受access 通道，入口access and use 利用access control [A/C] 出入口控制access hatch [ lock] 出入闸门access port 人孔，舱出入口access tube 通道管access way 通路accessibility 可达性accessible 可进入（的）accession 接收accessory 附[零]件，辅助（的）accident 事故accident analysis 事故分析accident condition 事故工况accident consequence 事故后果accident dose 事故剂量accident management 事故管理accident mitigation 事故缓解accident precursor 事故先兆accident prevention 事故预防accident progression 事故进展accident sequence 事故序列accident shutdown 事故停堆accident source term 事故源项accident with off-site risk 有厂外风险的事故accident without significant off-site risk 无严重厂外风险的事故accidental depressurization of the cover gas 覆盖气体事故降压accidental error 随机误差accidental exposure 事故照射accidental failure 随机故障accountability 衡算accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulator (tank) 安全注射箱，蓄压箱accuracy 精度accuracy of measurement 测量精度acetylene 乙炔acid pickling 酸洗acidic 酸性acidity 酸度acid-proof tile 耐酸瓷砖acoustic insulation 隔音层acoustic material 隔音材料ACPT [automatic continuous phosphate treatment] 自动连续磷酸盐处理acquisition 征集acronym （首字母）缩写词acrylic plastic window 丙烯酸塑料窗action level [应急]行动水平，应急响应水平activated carbon 活性炭activated charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器activation 活化activation of corrosion product 腐蚀产物的活化activation product 活化产物active alumina 活性氧化铝active carbon bedding 活性炭床active carbon filter 活性炭过滤器active component 能动部件active effluent 放射性流出物[排出流]active loss 有功损耗active network 有源网络active nucleation site 活性成核位置active waste 放射性废物active zone 活性区，放射性区activity (放射性)活度activity concentration 放射性浓度activity level 活度水平activity median aerodynamic diameter活度中值空气动力学直径activity median thermodynamic diameter活度中值热力学直径actual line 实线actual value 实际值actuated equipment 驱动设备，传动设备actuating mechanism 驱动[执行]机构actuation 驱动，启动actuation device [触发]驱动装置，执行机构actuator 执行[操作]机构，驱动[传动]装置acute exposure 急性照射acute intake 急性吸入[取]acute radiation injury 急性辐射损伤ad hoc 专门，特设，特定（的）adapter 管接头，异径接头，适配器adaptive control 自适应控制ADC [analog-digital converter] 模-数转换器add/drop multiplexer [ADM] 分插复用器added metal 填充金属addendum 补遗adder 加法器additional items 补充（添加）项additional records 补充记录additive 添加物[剂]additive risk projection model 相加风险预测模式adequate distribution 均匀分布adherency/adherence 粘着〔附〕，附着（力）adhe sion test 粘附试验adiabatic 绝热（的）adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adion 吸附离子adjacency 相邻，邻接adjoint flux 共轭中子通量adjustable wrench/spanner 活动扳手adjuster absorber rod 调节吸收棒adjuster drive mechanism 调节棒驱动机构adjuster extension 调节棒延伸段adjuster rod 调节棒adjuster unit 调节（棒）装置adjusting pin 定位销adjusting valve 调节阀adjustment 调整adlayer 吸附层administrative archives 文书档案administrative history 组织沿革admiralty brass 海军用黄铜admission intake[port] 进气[汽]口admittance 导纳；允许进入adoption by equation 等同采用adoption by equivalent 等效采用adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附adsorption carrier 吸附载体adsorption filter 吸附过滤器adulterant 掺杂物advance payment 预付款advanced control room 先进控制室advantage factor 有利因子advection 平流，平移advective cooling 平流冷却adverse conditions 不良状况adverse environment 有害环境advise all concerned 通知有关各方advisory group 顾问团AECB[Atomic Energy Control Board]（加拿大）原子能管理局AECL[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited] 加拿大原子能有限公司aerial cable 架空电缆aerify 充[掺]气，气化aerobic 需[有]氧的aerobiont 好氧微生物aerodymanic 空气动力（的）aerodymanic dispersion 空气动力学弥[分]散aeroradioactivity 大气放射性aerosol 气溶胶affinity 亲合力after-heat 余热afterheat cooling 余热冷却after-power 剩余功率age approximation 年龄近似age hardening 时效硬化ageing 老化，时效ageing degradation 老化降级[质，解] ageing management 老化管理ageing testing 老化试验agglomerant 凝聚剂aggressive 腐蚀性（的）agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌器AI,A/I[analog input] 模拟量输入AIM[asset and information management]文档和信息管理air (circuit) breaker 空气断路器air admission filter 进气[入口]过滤器air balance hoist 空气平衡吊车air blast circuit breaker[ABCB] 空气[气吹式]断路器air bottle 气瓶，气罐air circulating 空气循环air compressor 空气压缩机air conditioning system 空调系统air cooler water piping 空气冷却器水管air deflector 空气折流板air dryer 空气干燥器air entraining agent 加气剂air equivalent 空气等效（的）air exhaust 排风，抽风air extraction flow diagram 抽气流程图air extraction system 抽气系统air filtration unit [AFU] 空气过滤装置air hoist 气动[平衡]吊车air injector 空气喷射器air inleakage 空气漏入air inlet valve 进气阀air intake 进气[风]口air kerma 空气比释动能air leakage testing 空气泄漏试验air lock 空气[密封]闸门air lock valve 空气闸阀air pollution 大气污染air powered brake 气动制动器air pressure regulating valve 空气压力调节阀air-proof 气密的air receiver 空气储罐air stream 气流air supplied suit 气衣air supply 供气，气源，送风air tank 气罐air vent valve 排气阀air/oil package 气动/油压动力包air-block valve 气阻阀airborne particulate sampler[APS] 气载粒子取样器airborne radioactivity 气载放射性airlock door 气密门airlock lock system 闸门锁紧系统airlocked 密封的，密闭的airlock 空气闸门air-oil tank 油气箱air-operated valve 气动阀airtight fittings 气密连接件airtight joint door 密封门airtight ring 气密环ALARA[as low as reasonably achievable]合理可行尽量低alarm acknowledge 报警确认alarm annunciator 报警信号装置alarm conditioning 报警条件alarm jumper 报警抑制alarm limit 报警（限）值alarm reset 报警复位alarm value 报警值alarm watch 报警值班alarm window 报警窗albedo 反照率alert 警戒alga 藻类alien 外来的aligner 准直器aligning pin 定位销alignment 对中，校直alignment chart[diagram] 列线图alignment pin 定位销alkaline 碱性alkalinity 碱度all volatile treatment[AVT] 全挥发处理allen screw 六角螺栓alleviate 减轻，缓和alligator wrench 管钳，管扳手allowable burnup 允许燃耗allowable error 允许误差allowable value 允许值allowance 公差；允许量alpha decay α衰变alphanumeric 字母数字的alphanumeric character 字母数字符ALST[alarm status table] 报警状态表alternate mode 替换模式alum 矾alumina particle 颗粒状氧化铝alumina pellet 粒状氧化铝，氧化铝芯块alveolus 凹槽amalgam electrode 汞齐电极ambient dose equivalent 周围剂量当量ambient pressure 环境压力ambient temperature 环境温度ambipolar 双极（的）ambulance 救护车amine 胺ammeter 电流计ammonia 氨amplification 放大amplifier 放大器amplitude 幅值ampoule 细颈瓶anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic 厌氧的analog 模拟量analog input [AI] 模拟量输入analog input system 模拟量输入系统analog output 模拟量输出analog(ue) controller 模拟量控制器analog(ue) read-out 模拟量示值，模拟量读数analog(ue) signal 模拟信号analog(ue)-digital converter[ADC] 模-数转换器analyser 分析器analysis 分析analysis report 分析报告ahchor bolt 地脚螺栓，锚固螺栓anchor ear （电）抱箍anchoring element 锚固件ancillary equipment 辅助设备ancillary port 辅助孔道ancillary structure 附属构筑物anexer 阴离子交换树脂angle steel 角钢angle (relief) valve 角（式卸压）阀angular flux 角通量anion 阴离子anionic resin 阴离子交换树脂anisotropic 各向异性（的）ANN[annunciator] 信号器anneal 退火annual balance sheet 年度决算表，年度资产负债表annual dose 年剂量annual limit on intake 年摄入量限值annual outage 年度停役annual processing rate 年处理率annual reload 年换料量annual risk 年度风险annual throughput （燃料）年投量annubar 阿牛巴，环杆annular plate 环形板annular space bellows 环形气隙波纹管annulus gas 环隙气体annulus gas system 环隙气体系统annulus shielding 环隙屏蔽annulus space 环形区，环形气隙（区）annulus spacer 环形定位圈annunciation 报警，（状态）通告annunciation interrogation workstation[AIW]报警查询工作站annunciation window 报警窗annunciator 信号器，报警器anode 阳极anomaly 异[反]常ANSI[American National Standards Institute]美国国家标准学会antenna ring 触环anticipated operational occurrence 预计运行事件anticipated performance 预期的性能anticipated transient condition 预期瞬态工况anticoincidence 反符合anti-corrosion 防腐，耐蚀anti-reverse 不可逆，防倒转anti-reverse ratchet 防倒转棘轮anti-scalant 阻垢剂antiscale 防垢剂anti-seismic 防震anti-seizer lubricant 防咬润滑剂AO,A/O[analog output] 模拟量输出a/o [atomic percent] 原子百分数aperiodicity 非周期性aperture 孔径apparent 表观的apparent output 表观功率[输出]，视[在]功率appendix 附录[件]applicability 适用性applicable code and standard 适用规范与标准applicant 申请者applied dose 施予剂量appraisal 鉴定approach to criticality 逼近临界approach to power 提升功率approval 批准approved supplier 认可/批准的供货商aquatic pathway （放射性释放）水途径aqueous process 水法，湿法aqueous solution 水溶液arc flame 弧焰arc lamp 弧光灯arc strike 引弧斑痕architectural finishing 建筑饰面archival administrative department 档案行政管理部门archival arrangement 档案整理archival code 档号archival descriptive information centre档案资料目录中心archival evidence 档案证明archival information classification 档案信息分类archival microform 档案缩微品archival publications 档案出版物archival repository 档案库房archival science 档案学archival value 档案价值archive area 馆区archives 档案；档案馆archives building 档案馆建筑archives container 档案装具archives management 档案管理archives thesaurus 档案主题词表archives work 档案工作area 区域，地区，范围；面积area monitor 区域监视器area monitoring 区域监测area survey 区域测量argon 氩（气）argon arc cutting 氩弧切割arithmetic routine 运算程序armature 电枢armo(u)red cable 铠装电缆arrangement drawing 布置图artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial ventilation 人工通风as low as reasonable achievable[ALARA]合理可行尽量低ASAP[as soon as possible] 尽快as-built data[ABD] 竣工资料as-built drawing 竣工图ascending 上行[向]的ASCII[American Standard Code for Information Interchange] 美国信息交换标准代码ASDV[atmospheric steam discharge valve]大气蒸汽排放阀aseismic 抗震的aseismic joint 防震缝ASME[American Society of Mechanical Engineers] 美国机械工程师学会aspect ratio 纵横比asperity 粗糙度aspiration pressure （泵）吸水压力，抽气压力assembler 汇编程序assembly 组件assembly drawing 总装配图assessment 评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价ASSET[Assessment of Safety Significant Event Team] 安全重要事件评价组assistance 辅助设备assistant power plant operator[APPO] 电站助理操纵员associate 关联associated facilities 配套设施assumed accident 假想事故ASTM[American Society for Testing Materials] 美国材料试验学会as-welded 焊（后状）态的asychronous motor 异步电动机asymmetric line break 非对称效应的管路破裂asymmetrical disturbance 非对称扰动asymptotic 渐近的at saturation 达到[处于]饱和atmosphere barrier 空气隔板atmospheric contamination 大气污染atmospheric control 大气控制atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散atmospheric dispersion factor 大气弥散因子atmospheric pathway （放射性释放）气途径atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus大气辐射监测装置atmospheric stability 大气稳定度atmospheric steam discharge valve 大气蒸汽排放阀atomic absorption 原子吸收at-reactor (fuel) storage 反应堆现场（燃料）贮存attachment ring 安装环attendance and no-attendance 出席和缺席attenuation 衰减，减弱attenuation factor 衰减因子attributable risk 归因危险（风险）attribute 属性ATWS[anticipated transient without scram]未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态audible alarm 音响报警audio-visual archives 音像档案audio-visual equipment 视听设备audit 监查audit team 监查小组audit plan 监查计划austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authority 管理机构，当局authorisation 许可，批准，授以资格或合格证书authorised activity 批准的行动authorised discharge 批准的排放authorised facility 批准的设施authorised first operator[AFO] 授权的首席操纵员authorised inspector 授权检查员authorised limit 管理限值，特准限值authorised nuclear operator [ANO] 授权的核操纵员authorised termination of responsibility 授权终止责任authorised transfer 许可的转移authorised use 授权使用“AUTO”compressor处于“自动”状态下的压缩机AUTO mode 自动模式autoclave 高压釜autoclave channel 高压釜通道autoclave circuit 高压釜回路autoclaving 高压釜处理autocorrelation 自相关autogenous cutting （乙炔）气割automatic 自动automatic voltage regulator [AVR] 自动电压调节器automatic water purge 自动冲水清洗automatic/manual station 自动-手动操作台automation 自动化autoradiography 自射线照相法autoregressive 自回归autotransformer 自耦变压器auto-turbine run-up system 汽机自动升速系统auxiliary 辅助（的）auxiliary bay 辅助间auxiliary control room 辅助控制室auxiliary feed & bleed inlet & outlet[AFBIO] 辅助给排水进出口auxiliary feedwater pump [AFP] 辅助给水泵auxiliary H2O leakage collection system [AHLCS]辅助轻水泄漏收集系统auxiliary hoist 副提升机构auxiliary impeller 辅助叶轮auxiliary nitrogen circuit 辅助氮气回路auxiliary transformer 辅助[厂用]变压器availability 可利用率availability factor 可利用因子available 可用的average flux power 平均中子通量功率average fuel rating [duty] 燃料平均比功率average zone level [AZL] 平均区域液位avertable dose 可免剂量averted dose 已免剂量Avogadr o’s number阿佛加德罗常数AVT [all volatile treatment] 全挥发处理away-from-reactor(fuel) storage（燃料）离堆贮存,厂外贮存awu [atomic weight unit] 原子量单位axial elongation 轴向伸长axial factor 轴向（功率峰）因子axial flaw 轴向裂纹axial form factor 轴向形状因子axial offset [AO] 轴向偏移axial peaking factor 轴向峰值因子axial peaking hot factor 轴向热点峰因子axial power deviation 轴向功率偏差axial tensile load 轴向拉伸荷载axisymmetric 轴对称（的）azimuthal 方位，角向（的）Bb [barn] 靶恩（核反应截面单位）back checking 返回校验back lighted button 带灯按钮backfill 回填backflow 回[逆，反]流background 背景，本底backing pump 前级泵backing welding 打底焊backlog 积压(的待办事项)backspace 退格back-up 备用back-up air supply 备用空气源back-up air tank 备用气箱back-up cooling 备用冷却backup feedwater pump [BFP] 备用给水泵backup heat sink 备用热阱back-up injection mode 备用注入模式backup seal 备用密封back-up water 备用水backward 反向backwash 反洗，反萃取backwash piping 反冲洗管back-water valve [BWV] 回水阀badge 佩章剂量计baffle 缓冲板balance header 平衡集管balance of nuclear steam plant [BNSP] 核蒸汽厂房辅助设施balance of plant [BOP] 核电厂配套子项balancing hoist 平衡吊车ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball check valve 止回球阀，球型止回阀ball float valve 浮球阀ball plunger （储仓推杆座管的）球销ball screw 滚珠丝杠ball spline 滚珠花键ball valve 球阀ballast 镇流器ballast trailer 配重拖车bandwidth （频）带宽bank guarantee 银行担保bank of cylinder 气瓶组bank reconciliation statement 银行往来对帐单bar 巴（压力单位）;杆[棒，条]bar chart 棒图，条型图bar list 钢筋表bar method 贯通法磁粉探伤bare 裸的；无反射层的barricade 屏蔽板，隔板barrier 屏障，隔板base 底板，基础baseline 基线，扫描线，原始资料base mat 底板垫层base material 母材base plate 基板base rock 基岩base-load operation 基本负荷运行basement 地下室，基板basic 碱性；基本的basic design 基准设计basic limit 基本限值basic safety function 基本安全功能basket （过滤用）网篮batch 分批batch controller 批量调节器batching pump 计量泵battery 蓄电池，电池组bay 水池baybolt 地脚螺栓bayonet 插入式；回流管式；卡口，销钉连接bead welding 堆焊beak attrition （树脂的）破碎损坏bearing 轴承（座），支座bearing (lube) oil pump 轴承（润滑）油泵bearing cooling water piping 轴承冷却水管bearing housing 轴承座（箱）bearing pad 支承垫片，轴承衬垫bearing pressure 轴承压力bearing sleeve 轴承套管[衬套]Becquerel 贝可[勒尔](放射性活度单位) beetle 一种形似甲虫的水份探测器探头beginning-of-plant life 电厂寿期初behaviour 行为，性状bell 扩散管，喇叭口，漏斗Belleville washer (装卸料机机头内的)贝氏垫圈bellows 波纹管bellows assembly 波纹管组件bellows attachment ring 波纹管连接环bellows expansion joint 波纹管膨胀[伸缩]接头bellows-sealed globe valve 波纹管密封截止阀belt-driven 皮带传动bench-mark 水准点，基准点bench run 台架试验bend 弯管bend extrados 弯管外脊bend intrados 弯管内脊beneficiary 收款人，受益人benefit-cost analysis 效益-成本分析bent frame 排架beryllium assisted crack penetration 铍促使裂缝贯穿beta particle β粒子beta-active β放射性的beyond design basis accident [BDBA] 超设计基准事故beveling machine 坡口机bias 偏置[压]bias error 偏置误差bi-cable 双电缆bicarbonate 重碳酸盐bid evaluation 评标bidirectional fuelling 双向换料bidirectional refueling 双向换料bidirectional switch 双向转换开关big repair 大修bill of lading (货运)提单bill of material [BM] 材料清单bill of quantities 工程量清单bimetallic thermometer 双金属温度计binary comparator 二进制比较器binary digital counter [BDC] 二进制数字计数器binary signal 二进制信号binomial 双重；二项式bioaccumulation factor 生物积累因子bioassay 生物学检验，生物[学]分析bio-engineering 生物工程biological half-life 生物半周期，生物半衰期biological shield 生物屏蔽biosphere 生物层，生物圈bistable 双稳态bit 位bitumen solidification 沥青固化black absorber rod 黑体吸收棒black sheet 黑铁皮blackout 全厂断电bladed U tube 翅片U形管blank 空格blank flange 盲板法兰blanket 转换区bled steam 抽汽bleed condenser 泄放[排气]冷凝器bleed valve 排放[水]阀bleed water 排水blender 搅拌器blind flange 盲板法兰，法兰盲板blister 起泡blister formation threshold [BFT] 汽泡生成阈block 数据块block diagram 方框图block sequence welding 分段多层焊block switch 闭锁开关block wall 砌块墙blockage 堵塞blocked position 闭锁位置blocking piston 闭锁活塞blowdown 排放，排污blowdown accident 喷放[失水]事故blowdown flash tank 排污扩容箱blower （排）风机blown fuse 熔断保险丝blow-off [out] valve 排放阀blowout diaphragm 爆破膜，安全膜blowout panel 爆破盘blu(e)ing test 着色试验blunt(notch-type)flaw 钝缺陷BMW [boiler make-up water] 蒸汽发生器补水board inward dialing [BID] 经话务台接入body dose 全身剂量body relief valve [BRV] 阀体泄压阀body-bonnet connection 阀体与阀盖的联接boiler 蒸汽发生器，锅炉boiler blowdown 蒸汽发生器排污boiler blowdown system [BBS] 蒸汽发生器排污系统boiler feed pump 蒸汽发生器给水泵boiler level control [BLC] 蒸汽发生器水位控制boiler pressure control [BPC] 蒸汽发生器压力控制boiling channel 沸腾通道boiling length 沸腾长度boiling point 沸点BOL [beginning of life] 寿期初bolt joint 螺栓连接bolt-up 螺栓紧固bolt-up material 栓接材料bonding 忠诚保险bonnet 阀帽boom truck 汽车吊booster pump 增压泵BOP [balance of plant] 核电厂配套子项borated water 含硼水boric oxide 氧化硼boric anhydride 硼酸酐boron 硼boron addition 加硼，硼添加boron dilution 硼稀释boron removal 除硼boron storage tank 硼储存箱boron-lined counter 涂硼计数管boss （安装）凸台bottle station 气瓶站bottle type heat exchanger 立式热交换器bottling-up valve （主泵轴封）回流阀bounce 跳[抖]动bowl 圆锥型壳，反射罩box foundation 箱形基础Bq [becquerel] 贝可（放射性活度单位）bracing 撑杆[条]bracket “牛腿”，支承架brake 制动器,(金属板的)压弯成形机brake circuit 制动回路brake drum 轮闸鼓brake element 制动部件brake ring 制动环brake shoe 制动瓦，刹车闸brake valve 闸阀brakeforming 压弯成形B-ram fill flow B推杆供给流branch office 分公司brand 铭牌，商标brass 黄铜braze welding 钎焊break down 解离，熔断break location 破口位置break of contact 触点断开break size 破口尺寸break-before-make contact 先断后合接[触]点breakdown list 分项明细表breaker 断路器break-even 得失平衡break-even chart 损益平衡表breaking capacity 遮断容量break-make contact 换向接点breathing air system 呼吸空气系统breathing apparatus 呼吸装置breech 尾部bridge 桥架bridge column （装卸料机）桥架立柱bridge crane 桥式吊车brittle crack [rupture] 脆（性破）裂bronze ball valve 铜球阀brush 电刷，刷子B-scale [binary scale] 二进制记数法BSI [basic subject index] 基本科目代码BTU [British thermal unit] 英热单位bubble chamber 气[吹]泡室bubbler 鼓泡(侧压)管,气泡式侧压管bubbler header 气[吹]泡装置集管bubbler helium header 气[吹]泡装置氦气集管bubbly-slug flow 泡状团状流buck-and-boost regulator 电压升降调节器bucket pump 活塞泵buckling 曲率budget amendments 追加预算，预算修正案budgetary balance sheet 预算平衡表buffer 缓冲器，减震器buffer room 缓冲间buffer space 缓冲区buffering chemical 缓冲试剂building 建筑（物），厂房building components 建筑构件building crack 厂房裂缝building deterioration 厂房（质量）恶化build-up 积累，堆积build-up factor 累积因子build-up sequence （堆焊或多层焊）熔敷顺序built clean 建造清洁built-in 内装[部]的, 嵌[镶]入的,固定的bulging factor 膨胀系数bulk 整体，散装bulk boiling 整体沸腾bulk correction factor 总体修正因子bulk helium supply 大量氦气供给bulk memory 大容量存储器bulk overpower 整体超功率bulk power 总体功率bulk purchase 散件采购bulkhead 舱壁bull’s eye type flow gauge牛眼型流量计bumping 碰撞，冲击bundle power 棒束功率bundle residence time 棒束（堆内）驻留时间bundle structure 棒束结构buoyancy 浮力burial （放射性废物）埋藏buried cable 地下[埋设]电缆burn out 燃耗，烧毁burnable poison 可燃毒物burnup 燃耗burst can 元件包壳破损burst slug 燃料元件破损bus 母线，总线bus duct 母线管道bus work 母线连接busbar 母线，汇流条[排]bushing 衬套，套筒，套管bushing type current transformer [BCT]套管式电流互感器business archives 企业档案馆business plan 业务计划business tax 营业税busway 母线槽[通道]butt welding 对（接）焊butterfly valve 蝶阀buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路，旁通管bypass valve 旁通阀by-path valve 旁通阀byte （计算机）字节Ccabinet 小室，柜cable 电缆; (周长大于10″的)缆索,钢丝绳cable box 电缆盒cable branching box 电缆分线箱cable bridge 电缆桥架cable channel [conduit] 电缆管道cable clamp 电缆夹cable connector 电缆接头cable core 电缆芯线cable distributor 电缆分线盒〔配线架〕cable duct [pan, race, trench] 电缆槽[沟]cable end fitting 电缆终端配件cable flat 电缆层cable gallery 电缆廊道cable identification marker 电缆标记，电缆标识器cable integrity testing 电缆一致〔完整〕性试验cable laying 电缆敷设cable layer 电缆包层cable-laid 电缆敷设的cable list 电缆清册cable lug 电缆接线片cable pulling vault 电缆井cable ring system 电缆环网cable socket 电缆端头cable spreading 电缆敷设cable supply 电缆供应cable termination 电缆头cable tray 电缆托[桥]架cablet （周长不到10″的）小缆索cableway 电缆管孔cabling 电缆敷设，布线cabling diagram 电缆连接图cabling systems by area 区域电缆系统cache memory 高速缓冲存储器CAD [computer aided design] 计算机辅助设计CADD [computer aided design & drawing]计算机辅助设计与制图(系统)cadweld 火泥焊CAE [Canadian Aviation Electronics Ltd.]加拿大航空电子公司CAE [computer aided engineering]计算机辅助(设计与)工程(管理)cage motor 鼠笼式电动机cage valve 套筒阀caisson 沉箱calandria 排管容器calandria boost 排管容器充水calandria boundary 排管容器边界calandria head tank 排管容器高位箱calandria level control 排管容器液位控制calandria outlet temperature [COT] 排管容器出口温度calandria pressure relief pipe 排管容器卸压管calandria seismic restraint 排管容器抗震支撑calandria side tubesheet subassembly [CSTS]排管容器（侧）管板calandria tube 排管calandria tube leak 排管泄漏calandria tubesheet 排管容器管板calandria vault 排管容器室，堆腔calculation sheet 计算书caliber 管径，口径calibrated factor 校准因子calibrated log power 校准对数功率calibration 标定，校准，校验calibration gas 标定气体calibration gas composition 标定气体成分calibration program 检定程序call in （计算机）调入call on （计算机）访问，调用call slip 领料单call-up system 呼叫系统calorimeter 量热计calorstat 恒温箱camber 拱度CAMLS [computerized annunciation message list system] 计算机报警信息列表系统CAN [National standard of Canada] 加拿大国家标准can handling tool （破损燃料）罐操作工具canal 管道，通道CANDU [canadian deuterium- uranium reactor] 坎杜堆，加拿大重水铀堆CANDU Project Management (CPM) 坎杜项目部canister 小罐,金属容器;高放密封容器;空气过滤器,箱式真空吸尘器CANLUB （燃料包壳）石墨涂层canned pump （全）密封泵canned centrifugal pump 密封式离心泵CANNET [CANDU network] CANDU网络canning equipment 封装设备cantilever crane 悬臂吊canyon pump 屏蔽泵cap screw 有头螺钉，带帽螺钉capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capacitor stack 电容器叠层capacity 容量capacity factor 容量因子capillary 毛细管capsule 封套；幅照（样品）盒capsule flange 封套法兰capture 俘获capture cross section 俘获截面capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线carbon brush 碳刷carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide suppression system 二氧化碳灭火系统carbon floating ring 石墨浮环carbon steel flange 碳钢法兰carbonate 碳酸盐card 插件（板）cardboard filtering element 纸质过滤器元件cardinal point 基点，座标点caretaker 管理员cargo 货运carousel 转盘贮存器，圆盘传送带carriage 滑车；托架；（电）支撑架carriage actuator 滑车驱动器carriage return [CR] 回车carrier 载体；（放射性物质）运输carrier gas 载气carrying gas 载气carrying idler 空载carryover 汽（中夹）带水，带水率carryunder 水带汽，带汽率cart 运输小车cartesian co-ordinate system 直角坐标系cartridge (过滤器)芯子；燃料元件盒cartridge filter 过滤筒，滤芯cartridge valve 插装式阀cascade control 串级调节cascade controller 串级调节器cascading event 触[引]发事件case-by-case 逐件地case-hardening 表面硬化casing 外[泵，机]壳，壳体casing assembly 壳体组件cask(-flask) 屏蔽容器cassette tape 盒（式磁）带cast iron 铸铁casting 铸造casting crack （铸造）缩裂cast-in-site concrete 现浇混凝土catalogue 目录cataloguint/description 编目catalyser [catalyzer] 催化剂，触媒catalyst 催化剂catalytic recombination unit 催化复合装置catcher 捕集器catch-up schedule 赶工计划catenary hose 悬链软管catenary system （装卸料机）悬链系统catexer 阳离子交换树脂cathode 阴极cathode ray tube [CRT] 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护cathodic screen CRT屏幕catholyte 阴极电解液cation 阳离子cation bed 阳离子床cation conductivity 阳离子电导率cation-anion resin 阳-阴离子树脂cationic resin 阳离子交换树脂catoloid 胶体二氧化硅causality 因果律，因果关系cause-consequence tree [CCT] 因果树（分析）caustic 强碱性，碱性的caustic corrosion 碱性腐蚀caustic embrittlement 苛性脆化cavitation 气蚀cavitation corrosion 空蚀，气蚀cavity 腔室CCP [critical channel power] 临界通道功率CCTV [closed-circuit television] 闭路电视CCW [counter-clockwise] 反时针方向CED [contract effective date] 合同生效日期ceiling 天花板ceiling grounding receptacle [CGR] 天棚接地插座cell average normalization [CAN]（堆）栅元平均归一化cell boundary 栅元边界cell configuration 栅元布置cell correction factor 栅元校正因子cell edge normalization [CEN] 栅元边缘归一化cell parameter 栅元参数cell radius 栅元半径cell-averaging (method) 栅元平均（方法）cell-centered flux 栅元中心中子通量cell-homogenized cross section 栅元均匀化截面cellular 多孔的，蜂窝状的Celsius 摄氏cement-solidified 水泥固化的center of maintenance activity 维修活动中心centerline 中（心）线centigrade [C] 百分度，摄氏central bearing pad 中心轴承垫central hole 中心孔central processing unit [CPU] 中央处理器centralized control 集中控制centrifugal 离心的centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal 向心的centroid 矩心，质心centrosymmetry 中心对称CEP [condensate extraction pump] 凝结水泵ceralloy 陶瓷合金ceramic 陶瓷（的）ceramic uranium pellet 铀陶瓷芯块certificate 证书certificate of approval 鉴定证书certificate of compliance 合格证，税款交清证明书certificate of conformity 合格证certification 鉴定，证明；证明书，鉴定书，检验证明书certification of authorization 授权书certified 合格的certified material test report 合格材料试验报告CFR [code of federal regulation]（美国）联邦管理法规CFV [channel flow verification] 通道流量验证chain block 手拉葫芦，链动滑轮change in design [CID] 设计更改change notice 变更通知change request 变更申请changeover 转向[接]channel 通道；管道channel annulus bellows 燃料通道环隙波纹管channel annulus spacer [garter spring]燃料通道环形定位圈[箍簧]channel blockage （燃料）通道堵塞channel closure 燃料通道密封塞channel coolant flow rate （燃料）通道冷却剂流量channel dwell time （燃料）通道停留时间channel end fitting （燃料）通道端部（组）件channel flow verification [CFV] system （燃料）通道流量验证系统channel heat output （燃料）通道热功率channel inlet （燃料）通道入口channel inspection and gauging apparatus for reactor [CIGAR] 反应堆燃料通道检查和测量装置channel network （燃料）通道网（络）channel outlet （燃料）通道出口channel positioning assembly （燃料）通道定位组件channel power peaking factor [CPPF] （燃料）通道功率峰因子channel sealed-in （仪表）通道自保持channel steel 槽钢channel temperature monitoring system [CTMS]（燃料）通道温度监测系统channel –type reactor 压力管式反应堆channeling effect 沟道效应character (string) 字符（串）characteristic curve 特性曲线characterization 表征charcoal absorber 活性炭吸附器charcoal bed 活性炭床charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器charge and discharge operations 装卸料操作charge release 甩负载,甩(循环冷却水)用户charge-coupled device 电荷耦合器件charging/discharging 装卸料chart-recorded 图表记录的chart recorder 图形记录仪chartered bank 特许银行charting 制图，绘图chartographer 制图者chasing 开槽，车螺纹check and test program 检查和试验大纲check bolt 防松/制动螺栓check feed valve 给水止回阀check meter 校验仪表check pin 制动销check plate 防松板，制动板check valve 止回阀checker 检验者，检验装置checklist 核查单checknut 防松螺母，锁紧螺母checkoff 检查完毕，查讫checkout 检验（完毕），校验，测试checkpoint （控制区入口）检查点checksum 检验和。
英语核电词汇(完整版)
(fuel)central temperature252Cf source californium 252(neutron)source C.F. cost and freightmercial operationC.O.f.Cooling of FuelC.R.M，confinement of Radioactive Materials C.R.P，Control of Reactor Powerc.w.(C.W.)，circulation waterC-14 measuting chambercabcabinetcable and drum drive mechanismcable boxcable bridge with plug connector plates cable connectorcable derrick cranecable end fittingcable flatcable gallerycable layercable listcable penentrationcable penentration unitcable penetratorcable platformcable pulling procedurecable pulling vaultcable racecable reelcapsulecable spreadingcable supplycable terminationcable trailing devicecable traycache memoryCACS core auxiliary cooling systemCAD computer aided designcadmium absorptioncadmium control rodcadmium covered detectorcadmium curtaincadmium cut-offcadmium cut-off energycadmium ratiocadmium regulatorcadmium rodcadmium selenide detectorcadmium shieldcadmium stripcadmium sulfide detectorcadmium telluride detectorcadmium-difference methodcadweld rebar splicecaged laddercageless ball bearingcaissoncakecalandriacalandria assemblycalandria shellcalandria tubecalandria vesselcalcareouscalcination of radio active wastecalcinatorcalciner plantcalcining furnacecalcium furoride dosimetercalcium sulfate dosimetercalculaltioncalculaltion meshcalculation notecalculation of present worthcalculator nodulecalibrated neutron flux powercalibratiion coefficientcalibrating tubecalibration curvecalibration slopecalibration sorucecaliforniumcalifornium-252 neutron radiographycallcall for bidscall for tenderscalomiccalorimeterCAM computer aided manufacturingCAMACCAMAC Computer Aided Measurement And Control cancan burstcan bursting temperaturecan damagecan defectcan failurecan failure detectioncan meltdowncan rupturecan(ning)(wall)thicknesscan/pellet clearancecanalcandelacandle filtercandlingcanistercanless(fuel) assemblycanned diametercanned motorcanned motor pumpcanned pumpcanned rack and pinion drivecanned rodcanned-rotor pumpcanningcanning burstcanning machinecanning materialcanning stationcanyoncanyon type pumpcapcap/fuel clearancecapability factorcapability for plutonium recyclecapable faultcapable of gas-dynamic supportcapacitorcapacitycapacity factorcapacity reserveCAPES Containment Atmosphere Purge Exhause System capital investmentcapital investment costcapital recovery timecapitalized cost estimatescapsulecapsule type manometercaptive keycapturecapture cross-sectioncapture gamma radiationcapture gamma raycapture reactioncapture reasonancecarbide fuel assemblycarbide-fuelled breedercarboncarbon brickcarbon contentcarbon dioxide cleanup systemcarbon dioxide coolantcarbon dioxide coolant grapheite moderated reactor(CGR) carbon dioxide cooled natural uranium fuelled reactor carbon dioxide cooled pressure tube reactorcarbon dioxide cooled reactorcarbon dioxide exhauset systemcarbon dioxide semiauto-weldercarbon dioxide suppression systemcarbon dioxide universal auto-arc weldercarbon donorcarbon filtercarbon internalscarbon pilecarbon separationcarbon trapcarboniccarbonitride fuelcarbonized particlecarbon-uranium reactorcarburizationcarcinogenic dosecarcinogenic effectcardcardboardcardinal pointcargo receiptcarriage forwardcarriage paidcarriage returncarriercarrier gascarrier precipitationcarrier rack for spare metal O-ringscarrier vessel reactorcarrier-freecarry overcarry undercarry undercarrying railcarryload scrapercarryovercarryover moisturecarry-over of radioactive substances to the turbine carryundercarryundercartoncartridgecartridge (filter)cartridge cooling pondcartridge fusecartuidgecascadecascde-evaporationcasecaseload forecast panelcashcash advancecash deficitcash flowcash flow analysiscash inflowcash on deliverycash outflowcash settlementcasingcasing adaptercasing covercasing flangecasing liner side platecasing rollercaskcask carcask unloading poolcasketcask-flaskcassette tapecast-in-site conceretcastle manipulatorCAT computer-aided teaching catalog（ue）catalysantcatalyst bedcatalyst lengthcatalytic tecombinercatalytic tecombiner systemcatch potcatchment areacategorycaterpillar cranecathode protectioncathode ray tube (display) (CRT) cation bedcation bed demineralizercatwalkcause-consequence treecaustic crubbercaustic soda prpoprtioning pump caustic wash solutioncavecaverncavern containmentcavitycavity cover(ing)cavity ionization chambercavity linercavity propulsion reactorcavity reactorcavity shieldCCC community coordination center CCF common-cause failureCCP centrifugal charging system CCS containent cooling system CCTF Cylindrical Core Test Facility CCWS Component Cooling Water System CD coastdownCd Te probeCE standard reactor Combustion Engineering Standard ReactorCEA control element assemblyCEADEN Center for Applied Studies for the Development of Nuclear energy CEAS control element assembliesCEDB component event data bankCEDM control element drive mechanismCEDS control element drive systemceilingceiling lightceiling pricecellcell atmosphere processing systemcell boundarycell correction factorcell covercell of the gridcell operating facecell parametercell-homogenized cross sectioncell-type air washercellularcellular acetatecellular concretecellulose（menbrane)filterCEM comprehensive emergency managementcement groutcement mortarcement paste mixturecement proportioning worm conveyorcement solidificationcement storage silocementationcementation boxcemented steelcementitecement-solidified wastecemnet hopperCEMR Center for Energy and Mineral Resourcescener fuel meltingcentcenter of curvaturecenter of gravitycentering support systemcenter-of-mass systemcenter-of-volume velocitycenticentral axial spine tubecentral channelcentral collisioncentral core zonecentral fluxcentral graphite rodcentral handling control roomcentral heating stationscentral holecentral mast manipulatorcentral meltingcentral processing unit (CPU)central processing unit(CPU)central pumping stationcentral reactivity coeffcientcentral reactor fluxcentral reflectorcentral reprocessing plantcentral shut-down rodcentral stationcentral test holecentral thimblecentral tubecentral tubularcentralized controlcentralized samplingcentre gaugecentre of populationcentrescentrifix purifiercentrifugal actioncentrifugal castingcentrifugal charging pumpcentrifugal contactorcentrifugal extractorcentrifugal fancentrifugal pumpcentrifugal separatorcentrifugal steam separatorcentrifugal type diatomite filter centrifugecentring tubeCEOC county emergency operating centre cepstral analyisiscepstrum methodceramalcerametceramic beta sourceceramic blockceramic carbideceramic material moderated reactor ceramic nuclear fuelceramic plutonium reactorceramic reactorceramic sourceceramic tile cutterceramic UO2 pelletceramic-filterceramics matrixCerenlov effectCerenlov effect failed element monitor Cerenlov radiationcerium isotopecermetcermic fuelcertificatecertificate of acceptance certificate of approvalcertificate of financial standing certificate of orgincertificate of qualitycertificationcertificationcertification of compliance certification of fitness certification testcesium iodidecesium separation plantcesium(caesium)cess pipeCF conversion facilityCF system core flooding system CFA(central facilities area)CFC containment fan coolerCFE Criteria for EvalutationCFR Code of Federal Regulations CFTL component flow test loop CFTL core flow test loopCGCS cover-gas clearnup system chadchain fission yieldchain pipe wrenchchain reactionchain termination reaction challengingchanfered pelletchange behaviourchange in powerchange in sectionchange noticechange orderschange requestchange request fromchange review boardchange roomchangeoutchangeoverchangeover radiuschange-valvechanging fixtureschannelchannel average densitychannel blockagechannel closurechannel configurationchannel cross-sectional flow areachannel deviationchannel flow areachannel headchannel headchannel integral modelchannel inversionchannel lengthchannel physical separation channel pitch platechannel radiuschannel spacingchannel specific-enthalpy rise channel stripping machine channel,conduitchannelling effectchannelling of liability channel-type reactors charactercharacter printercharacter stringcharacteristic curve characteristic strength value charcoal adsorbercharcoal filterchargecharge and discharge operations charge caskcharge floorcharge holecharge llifecharge machinecharge machine grabcharge machine isolation valve charge machine runwaycharge machine vent valve charge pondcharge ratiocharge roomcharge schedulecharge sensitive amplifier charge tubecharge-coupled device (CCD) chargedcharged ionizing particle charged particle equilibrium charge-letdowm systemcharge-plugcharging accidentcharging cyclecharging linecharging machinecharging pathcharging periodcharging pumpcharging roomcharing streamCharpy impact testCharpy upper platform energyCharpy V notch specimen（Cv）Charpy V testCHCF component handling and cleaning facility Chebyshev polynomial extrapolationcheckcheck crackcheck fit-upcheck sourcecheck testcheck valvecheckerchecker board refuelingcheckerboard patterncheckholechecking valveschecklistcheck—listcheck-off listcheckpiontchecks fir abnormalitieschecks post start-upcheck-upcheief reactor operatorchelatechelate treatment of waterchemical add tankchemical additionchemical addition tankchemical additivechemical and volume controlchemical and volume control systemchemical cladding removalchemical cleaningchemical cleaning basinchemical compatibilitychemical control systemchemical decladdingchemical decontamination systemchemical dosimeterchemical dosimetrychemical dosingchemical drain tankchemical drain tank pumpchemical drainschemical drains collectiong circuitchemical feed pumpchemical feed systemchemical impurity cleanup systemchemical jacket removalchemical mixing tankchemical neutron poisonchemical oxygen comsumption(COC)chemical oxygen demand(COD)chemical processing cellchemical processing loopchemical processing reactorchemical processing tankchemical proportioning pumpchemical reactivity controlchemical reactivity control system chemical reagent injectionchemical reprocessing plantchemical sampling systemchemical shimchemical shim controlchemical shim systemchemical shim(ming)chemical shutdown systemchemical supply pumpchemical tankchemical transfer pumpchemical treatmentchemical treatment tankchemical unsheathingchemical vapor depositionchemical wastechemical water treatment plantchemicals addition systemchemicals addition tankchemicals feed systemchemicals mixing tankchemicals mixing tank mixerchemisorptionchemisorption capacitychemistry laboratory and its drain system chemolysischemonuclear reactorchemorheologychemospherechenical additive pumpchenical collecting tankchequered plateChernobyl sarcophaguscheveron platechevronchevron type (moisture) separator chevron type dryerCHF critical heat fluxCHFR critical heat flux ratiochilled waterchilled water circulating pumpchilled water head tankchilled water heat exchangerchilled water pumpchilled water return tankchilled water systemchilled-water plantchiller heat exchangerchiller unitchillingchilling unitchimneychimney effectchina conmmodity inspection bureauchipchippingchiselchi-square testchlked flowchlorex processchloride concentration(content)chlorinex processchocked flowchoked-flow regionchop and leachchop-leach processchopped (heat) flux(density) profilechopped cosine profile distributionchopper monochromatorchopper-type neutron velocity selector chopping and dissolutionchopping and leachingchopping machinechromatic dosimeterchromatograhchromatographychromiumchromosomechromosome aberrationchronic dischargechronologyCHRS Containment Heat Rmoval Systemchuggingchurn flowCIAS containment isolation actuation signal CIC compensated ionization chamberCIF cost,insurance,freightCILC crud induced localized corrosionCILRT containment integrated leak rate testing cineradiographycioncidence analyzercircuitcircuit breaker opening(manual)circuit diagramcircuit opening connectioncircuit railwaycircuiting coolercircular brickcircular catwalkcircular cellcircular crab runway girdercircular cranecircular-grained graphitecirculating cooling water drainage system circulating cooling water energy dispersion system circulating cooling water intake systemcirculating cooling water pumping station system circulating cooling water treatment system circulating cooling water yard pipe network system circulating fuel reactorcirculating groundwatercirculating pumpcirculating watercirculating water pumpcirculating-solution reatorcirculating-water pumpcirculationcirculation flowcirculation loopcirculation pumpcirculation ratiocirculatorcirculator drive turbinecirculator failurecirculator outer casingcirculator seal gascircumferential breakcircumferential chipcircumferential fincircumferential finningcircumferential prestress(ing)circumferential prestressing tendoncircumferential ridgecircumferential ridgingcircumferentially-finned elementcircumscribed pipe wrenchcircumstanceCIS Containment Isolation SystemcitationCitrflex processcitric acidCIV containment isolating valvecivex processcivil constructioncivil worksCJ cold junctionclad breachclad burstclad damageclad failureclad failure detectionclad failure rateclad fusion defectclad integrityclad materialclad meltdownclad pellet gapclad temperatureclad(ding)cladd(ing) tube cross-sectional area cladd(ing) tube defectcladd(ing) tube diametercladd(ing) tube expansioncladd(ing) tube internal sidecladd(ing) tube materialcladd(ing) tube rupturecladd(ing) tube surfacecladd(ing) tube surface temperature cladd(ing) tube temperaturecladd(ing) tube temperature coefficient cladd(ing) tube wall thicknesscladdingcladdingcladding ballooningcladding burstingcladding collapsecladding creepcladding creepcladding defectcladding embrittlementcladding expansioncladding expansion detectorcladding flatteningcladding integritycladding materialcladding processcladding straincladding temperaturecladding temperature variationcladding tubecladding vaultcladding wastage allowancecladding waste(CW)cladding-steam reactionclad-pellet gapclaimclaims and compensationclamp(ing) boltclarificationclarification filterclarified makeuq waterclari-flocculatorclarifying basinclarityclaspclass 9 accidentclass nodal diffusion theory method classification of recordsclauseclean areaclean breakclean cold reactorclean cold,critical reactorclean conditionsclean coreclean latticeclean reactivityclean reactorclean-air systemclean-conditions preparation room cleaner-upcleanex processcleaningcleaningcleaning watercleanoutclean-upclean-up (system)mixed-bed filter clean-up bedclean-up cellcleanup circuitclean-up demineralizerclean-up demineralizer pumpclean-up efficiencyclean-up flowclean-up flow ratecleanup performanceclean-up plantclean-up pumpclean-up systemclean-up system heat exchanger clearanceclear—water reservationclevis insertclientclimateclimatic conditionsclimatiologyclimb to full-power operation climbingclimbing formclimbing tower-craneclimbing-film flowclock systemclockworkclose coupled typeclose fitclose shieldclose-coupledclose-coupled processclose-coupled processing and fabrication closed air cooling circuitclosed channelclosed circuitclosed circuit TV systemclosed cooling (water)system elevated tank closed cooling systemclosed cooling water system fillterclosed cooling water system heat exchanger closed cooling water(system) pumpclosed cycle cooling water systemclosed impellerclosed loopclosed loop controlclosed loop cooling systemclosed piping systemclosed pressurized-water circuitclosed scheme of hot-water supplyclosed shieldclosed shipping crateclosed systemclosed thorium cycleclosed vesselclosed—circulating cooling waterclosed-coolingclosed-cycleclosed-cycle gas turbingclosed-cycle reactor systemclosed-gas-turbine power stationsclose-downclose-falloutclose-in measurementclose-lockclosely packedclosely packed reactorclosely spacedclosely-packed structureclose-toleranceclose-up inspectionclosing downclosing inventoryclosing valveclosing(circuit breaker)closureclosure gasket grooveclosure headclosure head cavityclosure head insulationclosure head penetrationclosure insulationclosure nutclosure nut and washer carrier rackclosure nut carrier rackclosure plateclosure plugclosure studclosure stud elongationclosure stud sealing sleeveclosure stud sealing sleeve transport pallet clothing monitorclumped fuelclustercluster control rodcluster latticecluster shroud tubecluster type control rodcluster type fuel elementclutch magnetCM corrective maintenanceCMF common-mode failuresCMP core-melt probabilityCMS cycle monitoring systemCN Combustibili NucleariCO control operationCO cut-outCO2clean-up systemCO2 coolant gas circulatorCO2coolant gas inletCO2 cooles gas outletCO2 exhaust systemCO2 safety relief systemCO2 safety valve systemCO2 storageCO2 volume flow rateCO2-cooled natural-uranium reactorCO2-cooled pressure-tube reactor coadsorptioncoagulantcoagulationcoal drying systemcoal gasificationcoarsecoarse adjustmentcoarse aggregatecoarse controlcoarse control membercoarse control rodcoarse orientationcoarse regulatingcoarse sandcoarse-groupcoarse-group cross sectioncoastcoast down flowcoast down freelycoastal nuclear power plantcoastal sitecoastal water pollutioncoastingcoatcoatedcoated carbide fuelcoated electrodecoated fuel particlecoated nuclear fuel particlecoated particlecoated-particle(type)fuel elementcoatingcoating layercoating materialcoaxial cablecoaxial flow reactorcoaxial relaycoaxingcobaltcobalt-base alloycobblestoneco-compacted pelletco-conversionco-current flowCOD commercial operation dateCOD crack opening displacementCOD crack opening displacementCODATA Committee on Data for Science and Technology codecode casecode controllercode for heavy isotopescode of federal regulation(CFR)code of international lawcode of practicecode offederal regulationscoefficient of air infiltrationcoefficient of heat supplycoefficient of of utilization of maximum load coefficient of permeabilitycoefficient of recoverycoefficient of thermal expansioncoefficient of underratingcoefficient of utilization of installed capactiycoffincoffiniteco-fianancierco-financingcogenerationcoherentcoherent collisioncoherent cross sectioncoherent elastic scatteringcoherent neutron scatteringcoherent scatteringcohobationcoilcoil housingcoil stack assemblycoil type heat exchangercoiled finned-tube type coolercoilercoincidence (-counting) ratecoincidence amplifiercoincidence anticoincidence gamma ray spectrometer coincidence circuitcoincidence countcoincidence count probabilitycoincidence countercoincidence-anticoincidence analyzercoincidence-anticoincidence scalercoincidence-anticoincidence unitcoked resin binderCOL constrution and operatinglicensecolcladcoldcold and hot trial(run)cold areacold constantcold coolant accidentcold crackcold criticalcold critical reactorcold extrusioncold formingcold fuellingcold functional testcold fusion reactorcold gapcold headercold hydraulic testcold hydro testcold hydrostatic testcold hydrotestcold junction boxcold laboratorycold loadingcold loopcold loop accidentcold neutroncold neutron facilitycold neutron sourcecold operationcold performance testcold performance testcold reactivitycold reactorcold reheatheadercold runcold shockcold shortnesscold shut-downcold shutdown reactivitycold startupcold start-upcold stepping driving experiment cold subcriticalcold subcritical conditioncold subcritical reactorcold test(ing)cold trapcold trap removal toolcold void volumecold wardrobecold warer transientcold wastecold water injectioncold water loopcold workingcold workshopcold-aircold-gas headercold-gas measuring pointcold-gas penetrationcold-gas plenumcold-gas temperaturecold-gas temperature control cold-junctioncold-refuellingcold-sodium slug accidentcold-to-hot reactivitycold-wall effectcold-water accidentcold-water hydrostaeic testcold-water shockcolimatorcollapsecollapsecollapsed clad fuel elementcollapsed fuel damagecollapsed levelcollapsiblecollapsible loadcollcidal impuritycollectioncollection areacollective dosecollective dose equivalentcollective effective dose equivalentcollective effective dose equivalent commitment collector filtercollectroncolletcollet fingercollet pistoncollided fluxcollimated fluxcollimatercollimating aperturecollimating errorcollimating gridcollimationcollisioncollision bulkheadcollision cross-sectioncollision densitycollision density spectrumcollision kernelcollision probabilitycollision ratecollision rate densitycollision transition probabilitycollisionless transportcollocationcolloquiumcollosidalcolor codecolorantcolorationcolorimetric dosimetercolumncolumn crystallizationcolumn of pelletscolumn platecolumn topcolumn traycolumnarcolumnar grain zonecolumnar ion exchangecombined boiling/superheat fuel assembly combined centrifugal and impact separator combined closed-loop and once-through coolingcombined contuol of heat supplycombined cyclone and demister separatorcombined heat and power plantcombined heat transfer coefficientcombined nuclear and gas turbine power plantcombined punching and shearing machinecombined reheat valvecombined superheat/boiling assemblycombined -type deaeratorcombining borercombining tubecombustibilitycombustiblecombustionCombustion Engineering standard reactor(CE standard reactor) combustion-leach processcombustorcome into forcecome to businesscome to termscome-alongcomfort conditionscomfort lettercoming into forcecommandcommand relay circuitrycommencement of operationcommercial creditcommercial invoicecommercial operationcommercial operation datecommercial reactorcommissioncommissioningcommissioning programmecommissioning testcommitmentcommitted dose equivalentcommitted effective dose equivalentcommodity exchangecommodity inspectioncommodity supply pointcommon base platecommon baseplate typecommon mode interferencecommon mode rejectioncommon mode voltagecommon pointcommon switchboardcommon-cause failure(CCF)common-mode failure(CMP）communication linkcommunication systemcommuntiycommuntiy centercompactcompact reactorcompact simulatorcompact systemcompact tension specimen(CTS)compact type reactorcompactedcompactible wastecompacting presscompactioncompactnesscompactorcompanycompany standardcomparative riskcomparative risk assessmentcomparative studycomparatorcompartmentcompartmentcompensated ionization chambercompensationcompensationcompensation cablecompensation factorcompensation methodcompensation ratiocompensation tradecompensatorcompetent authoritiescompetitive pricecompetive decaycompilercomplementary nuclear trainingcomplementary shutdown systemcomplete breakcomplete bypasscomplete characteristicscomplete double-ended severance of a reactor coolant pipe complete logbookcomplete loss coolantcomplete open-ended severance of the primary pipe complete penetrationcomplete plant shutdowncomplete removalcomplete retentioncomplete rupturecomplete separationcomplete termination of contractcompletenesscompletioncompletion certificatecompletion certificatecompletion datacompletion of erection releasecomplexcomplexing agentcomplexometric titrationcomplexometrycompliance assurancecompliance certificatecompliance with requirementscomponentcomponent approachcomponent coolingcomponent cooling cooling system component cooling filtercomponent cooling loopcomponent cooling loop demineralized water component cooling loop pumpcomponent cooling pumpcomponent cooling surge tankcomponent cooling watercomponent cooling water heat exchanger component cooling water heat exchanger component cooling water pumpcomponent cooling water surge tank component cooling water systemComponent Event Data Bank(CEDB)component important to safetycomponent partcomponent test facilitycomponent wash cellcomposite core structurecomposite samplecomposite structurecomposite structurecomposition of heat flow diagramcompound (system) doubling timecompound cross-sectioncompound elastic scatteringcompound inelastic scatteringcompound malfunctioncompound nuclear reactioncompound relaxation instabilitycompound specific activitycomprehensive auditcomprehensive ultrasonic examination record compressed aircompressed air systemcompressed-powder sourcecompressible flowcompression fittingcompression strengthcompression test。
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1.1. 原子核、核子及相关术语质子proton中子neutron电子electron核子nucleon核nucleus （pl.）nuclei 原子atom光子photon正电子positron量子quantum, quanta (pl.) 电子伏特electron-volt (eV) 兆电子伏特mega electron-volt (MeV) 同位素isotope原子序数atomic number质量数mass number超铀元素transuranium element元素周期表periodic table热中子thermal neutron快中子fast neutron复合核compound nucleus1.2. 相关元素与材料1.2.1.核燃料与增殖材料铀uranium（U）钚plutonium（Pu）氘，重氢deuterium，heavy hydrogen氚tritium混合氧化物燃料（MOX燃料）Mixed (Uranium and Plutonium) OXide fuel二氧化铀uranium dioxide浓缩铀enriched uranium贫铀depleted uranium 碳化铀uranium carbide钍thorium锂lithium锕系元素actinide element易裂变的fissile可裂变的、可裂变物质fissionable 增殖同位素fertile isotope核嬗变nuclear transmutation转化conversion1.2.2.其它核材料及核电厂用材料慢化剂moderator轻水light water重水heavy water石墨graphite冷却剂coolant氦helium液态金属liquid metal钠sodium包壳cladding铝aluminium镁magnesium锆zirconium锆2/4合金zircaloy-2/4不锈钢stainless steel控制材料control material通量展平flux-shaping银silver铟indium镉cadmium可燃毒物burnable poison硼boron硼酸boric acid锂lithium铍beryllium乏燃料spent fuel因科镍，因康INCONEL不锈钢stainless steel 1.3. 核反应及相关术语decay衰变fission裂变fusion聚变nuclear reaction核反应chain reaction链式反应cross section截面microscopic cross section微观截面macroscopic cross section宏观截面absorbing cross section吸收截面scattering cross section散射截面barn靶恩delayed neutron缓发中子prompt neutron瞬发中子prompt criticality瞬发临界fissile易裂变的fissionab可裂变的lemorderate / slow down慢化breeding ratio增殖比burnup燃耗reactivity反应性neutron cycle中子循环fission product裂变产物criticality临界prompt critical瞬发临界flux通量xenon氙iodine碘actinide锕系（元素）reactivity worth反应性价值慢化剂温度系数 moderator temperature coefficient反应性系数 reactivity coefficient剩余反应性 excess reactivity燃料比功率 fuel specific power倍增因子multiplication factor有效增殖系数effective multiplication factor；effective multiplication constant无限介质增殖系数infinite multiplication factor；infinite multiplication constant快中子增殖系数fast fission factor热中子利用系数thermal utilization factor不泄漏几率nonleakage probability逃脱共振俘获几率resonance escape probability四因子公式four-factor formula多普勒增宽Doppler broadening*总集成中子通量/总积分中子通量Total Integrated Neutron Flux = Integrated Flux or Fluence (注量) = Neutron density ⨯ Velocity ⨯Time [单位：n/m3⋅ m/s ⋅ s = n/m2]1.4. 反应堆压水堆Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)沸水堆Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)加拿大重水铀反应堆（坎杜堆）CANadian Deuterium and Uranium reactor (CANDU) / pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR)英国气冷堆（美诺克斯堆）British gas-cooled Magnox reactor高温气冷堆high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR)快中子增殖反应堆fast breeder reactor (FBR)轻水堆Light Water Reactor (LWR)先进反应堆advanced reactor超临界水反应堆supercritical water reactor欧洲压水堆（第三代反应堆之一）European Pressurized water Reactor (EPR) （美国）先进压水堆600/1000（第三代(+)反应堆之一）AP(WR)600 / 10001.5. 核电厂部件、设备与系统燃料芯块fuel pellet燃料元件fuel element燃料棒fuel rod燃料组件fuel assembly定位格架spacer grid法兰flange密封环seal ring阻力塞plug(上/下)腔室(upper / lower ) plenum堆芯，活性区core反应堆压力容器Reactor Pressure V essel (RPV)上封头upper closure head液压螺栓拉伸机(张紧机) hydraulic stud tensioner包覆层clad (碳钢表面的防腐蚀堆焊层) 控制棒control rod控制棒组件Control Element Assembly (CEA)可燃吸收棒burnable absorber rod控制棒驱动机构Control Element Drive Mechanism (CEDM)变送器transmitter信号调理signal regulation吊篮barrel进/出口接管inlet / outlet nozzle冷/热端，冷/热腿，冷/热管段cold / hot leg 反应堆堆内构件reactor vessel internals肿胀swelling腐蚀corrode, corrosion 侵蚀erode, erosion氧化oxidation, oxidize完整性integrity反应堆冷却剂泵（主泵）Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP)屏蔽泵canned (motor) pump轴封泵shaft seal pump反应堆冷却剂系统（一回路系统）Reactor Coolant System (RCS)核蒸汽供应系统Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS)一回路primary loop/circuit一回路系统/主回路系统primary system二回路secondary loop稳压器pressurizer (PRZ)波动管surge line汽水分离器moisture separator干燥器（二/三级汽水分离器）steam dryer 安全阀safety valve卸压阀relief valve溢流阀overflow valve主蒸汽隔离阀main steam isolation valve单向阀check valve止回阀non-return valve主蒸汽联箱main steam header给水调节阀feed regulating valve蒸汽发生器Steam Generator (SG)主蒸汽管Main Steam Line (MSL)汽轮机steam turbine汽水分离再热器Moisture Separator Reheater (MSR)给水泵feed (water) pump上充泵charging pump凝汽器condenser发电机(electric) generator安全壳containment地基，基础foundation烟道stack贯穿件penetration核岛nuclear island常规岛conventional island核电厂配套子项Balance of Plant (BOP)一回路辅助系统auxiliary system for primary loop化学与容积控制系统（化容系统）Chemical and V olume Control System (CVCS)专设安全设施Engineered Safety Feature (ESF)余热排出系统Residual Heat-Removal System (RHRS)应急堆芯冷却系统Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS),安注系统Safety Injection (SI) System直接注射系统direct vessel injection (DVI) 换料水箱Refueling Water Storage Tank (IRWST) (乏)燃料贮存水池(spent) fuel storage pool 燃料装卸系统fuel handling system蓄压箱accumulator机组unit辅助喷淋auxiliary spray柴油发电机Diesel generator自动保护系统Automatic Protective System (APS)自动降压系统automatic depressurization system (ADS)仪控系统Instrumentation and Control System (I & C system)开关设备，开关柜switch gear蒸汽轴封系统，压盖蒸汽密封系统gland steam system汽轮机旁路管turbine bypass line辅助给水泵auxiliary feedwater pump汽动给水泵turbine driven feedwater pump 导管conduit冷凝水泵condensate pump冷凝水增压泵condensate booster pump水润滑轴承water lubricated bearing人孔man way检修孔accessory port1.6. 反应堆运行运行operation运行工况operating condition操纵员operator维护maintenance监督、监视surveillance监督试样surveillance specimen辐照监督管irradiation surveillance capsule 辐照监督试样盒surveillance specimen compartment 硼浓度boron concentration稀释dilution / dilute硼注入 boron injection停堆shutdown紧急停堆scram / trip停役outage换料停堆refueling outage / refueling shutdown换料refuel卸料 discharge倒料 shuffling满功率运行full power operation负荷跟踪load following甩负荷load shedding, load rejection(控制棒等的)插入insertion(控制棒等的)抽出withdrawal反应堆调节系统Reactor Regulating System (RRS)(蒸汽发生器)排污、下泄blowdown规程procedure技术规格technical specification瞬态，瞬变transient安装调试installation and commissioning 冷态试验 cold functional test热态试验 hot functional test(反应堆)启动试验(reactor) start up test退役decommissioning主控室main control room方位角偏差azimuthal tilt径向功率分布radial power distribution轴向功率分布axial power distribution燃料管理方案fuel management scheme燃料-包壳交互作用fuel-clad interaction effect芯块-包壳交互作用(PCI) pellet-clad interaction(燃料)栅格、晶格lattice1.7. 反应堆安全核安全nuclear safety安全功能 safety function衰变热decay heat余热residual heat空泡系数void coefficient法律law法规regulation / code联邦管理法规Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)法案（美）Act导则guidance安全1/2/3级safety class 1/2/3可靠性reliability容限，裕量，边界margin堆芯热裕量core thermal margin堵管裕量tube plugging margin运行安全裕量operating margin标准，准则criterion，复数形式: criteria概率安全分析Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA)概率风险分析Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA)确定论安全分析deterministic safety analysis初步安全分析报告Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR)最终安全分析报告Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR)安全评价报告safety evaluation report事件incident事故accident后果consequence严重事故severe accident堆芯损毁core damage堆芯融化core meltdown全厂断电station blackout冷却剂丧失事故（失水事故）Loss-of-coolant Accident (LOCA)反应性引入事故Reactivity Insertion Accident (RIA)未能紧急停堆的预计瞬变Anticipated Transient Without Scram (ATWS)失电Loss of Power失流Loss of flow先漏后破leak before break (LBB)故障安全，失效保护fail-safe单一故障准则single-failure criterion共因故障common cause failure固有安全性inherent safety非能动安全passive safety冗余性redundancy多样性diversity多层屏障multiple barrier纵深防御defense in depth潜热latent heat焓，热函sensible heat, enthalpy定期安全检查periodic safety inspection许可证license监管regulation核安全准则nuclear safety criteria三哩岛事故Three Mile Island (TMI) accident切尔诺贝利事故Chernobyl accident 工作不正常，故障malfunction失效failure假设始发事件postulated initiating events 事故工况accident condition严重事故severe accident事故处理accident management设计基准事故design basis accident负荷丧失事故loss of electrical load accident主给水丧失事故loss of main feed water accident卡棒事故stuck rod accident弹棒事故rod ejection accident堵管裕量tube plugging margin管道甩摆限制pipe whip restraint在役检查inservice inspection承压热冲击pressurized thermal shock1.8. 放射性与辐射防护radioactivity放射性scatter散射deflect, deflection折射衍射diffraction穿透penetrate, penetration交互作用interact, interaction ionization电离湮灭annihilate (v.), annihilation (n.) 衰减attenuate(v.), attenuation(n.) projectile入射离子radiation protection辐射防护radiation, ray辐射，射线irradiation辐照，（向外）辐射internal exposure内照射external exposure外照射occupational dose职业照射（剂量）fluence注量cosmic ray宇宙射线x-ray X射线α/β/γ射线α/β/γrayhealth physics保健物理shielding屏蔽biological shield生物屏蔽剂量dosedose equivalent剂量当量collective dose集体剂量individual dose个人剂量ingest, ingestion摄入，摄取inhale, inhalation吸入coma昏迷cramp绞痛diarrhea腹泻tremor颤抖vomit呕吐somatic身体的somatic effect躯体反应radiation sickness辐照病变symptom征兆therapy治疗survivor幸存者activation product活化产物effluent废水natural background天然本底sivert希弗spectrum谱雷姆rem氡radon as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) 合理可行尽量低radioactive waste disposal放射性废物处理high-level (radioactive) waste高放废物low-level (radioactive) waste低放废物1.9. 有关机构International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 国际原子能机构American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 美国机械工程师学会Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC/USNRC) 美国核管会Department Of Energy (DOE) 美国能源部World Association of Nuclear Operators (W ANO) 世界核电运营者协会International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 国际辐射防护委员会China Atomic Energy Authority （CAEA）中国国家原子能机构State Environment Protection Administration of China国家环保总局1.10. 其它术语1.10.1.表示方向lateral横向longitudinal纵向radial径向perpendicular to垂直于vertically mounted垂直/立式安装circumferential环向axial轴向periphery周边1.10.2.材料失效术语corrosion腐蚀stress corrosion cracking应力腐蚀开裂rapture, fracture, break断裂breach破口肿胀swellingcavitation气蚀pitting点蚀/孔蚀crevice corrosion缝隙腐蚀erosion冲蚀FAC flow accelerated corrosion流动加速腐蚀wastage耗蚀(SG tube) dent凹陷，凹痕fatigue疲劳ageing老化degradation降级wear磨损fretting wear微动磨损creep蠕变stress应力strain应变creep strength蠕变强度tensile strength抗拉强度yield strength屈服强度rapture strength断裂强度nil-ductility transition temperature零延性转变温度thermal stress热应力irradiation swelling辐照肿胀deposit welding, overlaying, build-up welding,surface welding堆焊seal weld密封焊heat affected zone (HAZ) 焊接热影响区1.10.3.核电工程术语procurement征购site厂址call for bid, call for tender招标commercial offer商务标technical offer技术标commencement开工contract合同firm contract不可更改的合同subcontract分包合同commitment承诺，任务job site工地，工作现场technical requirement 技术要求技术规格technical specificationnon-conformance不符合项delivery交货warehouse仓库construction schedule施工计划Free on Board (FOB) 离岸价格Cost Insurance and Freight (CIF) 到岸价格Engineering, Procurement & Construction EPC合同-设计采购建造power grid电网distribution system输变电系统1.10.4.其它compound化合物mixture混合物mass质量momentum动量energy能量potential (energy) 势能kinetic energy动能inertia惯性half-life半衰期mean free path平均自由程fuel cycle燃料循环hot spot热点hot-channel factor热管因子departure from nucleate boiling ratio (DNBR) 偏离泡核沸腾比heat transfer传热heat exchanger换热器heat conduction导热convection对流热辐射thermal / heat radiation干度quality蒸汽steam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete铁钢沙混凝土Steel shot concret筋，钢筋束tendon流量分配flow distribution电网power grid业主utility承包商contractor分包商sub-contractor压降pressure drop压差differential pressure水位(water) level规定，条款；保障；装备provision地震earthquake地震的seismic飓风tornado暖通空调Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HV AC)热阱heat sink惰转coastdown惰转流量coastdown flow功率失常激增，功率漂移power excursion 减轻，缓解v. mitigate, n. mitigation公差、容差allowance间隙，公差clearance权重因子weighting factor 1.11. 有必要了解的词汇与短语as a rule of thumb根据经验by orders of magnitude以数量级incipient failure早期故障, 初期故障eliminate, elimination消除derive, derivation, deduce, deduction导出，起源mechanism, approach, principle, theory机理，原理susceptible敏感的susceptibility敏感性toxic有毒的acute急剧的inherit遗传hereditary遗传性的altitude高度postulate, postulation假定，假设permeable可渗透的, 有渗透性的impermeable不可渗透的brittle fracture脆性破裂embrittlement脆化toughness韧性ductility延展性第2章阅读理解题练习2.1. Passage 1As a result reactor designers have paid great attention to the inherent safety of reactors which can be achieved by negative temperature and power coefficients and fail-safe control systems. It can be said with some confidence that present-day thermal reactors are safe in the sense that under no conceivable circumstance can they explode like a bomb, and control systems have been designed which can, in the event of any malfunction on the part of the reactor or its associated plant, automatically and rapidly shut down the reactor, i.e. make it subcritical by a substantial amount, in a very few seconds.1. According to the paragraph, inherent safety of reactors can be achieved by . （C）A. the operators;B. positive temperature and positive power coefficients;C. negative temperature and negative power coefficients;D. passive safety system and positive power coefficients.2. The best title of the passage may probably be . （D）A. fail-safe control system；B. thermal reactor safety and operation;C. automatic protective system;D. inherent safety design of reactors.2.2. Passage IIThe biological shield should contain some hydrogen compound to slow down fast neutrons, and be dense enough to attenuate gamma radiation effectively. Concrete satisfies both these requirements fairly well and is suitable for landbase reactors. Barytes (重晶石) concrete, containing the heavy element barium, and steel-shot concrete have been used for biological shields. They are more dense than ordinary concrete, with improved shielding properties, however their higher cost offsets this advantage. The biological shield for a marine reactor, which is usually a fairly compact pressurized water reactor, must satisfy a minimum space and weight requirement. This leads to a shield design which consists typically of alternate layers of water (for fast neutron slowing) and steel (for gamma ray attenuation).3. According to the above passage, is not possible for constructing biological shield? （C）A. steel;B. concrete;C. graphite;D. paraffin wax.4. Which of the following sentences is not true? （D）A. The biological shield is designed mainly to slow down fast neutrons and attenuate gamma radiation.B. The marine reactor uses alternative steel and water layers as its biological shield.C. The combination of heavy element concrete and steel bars could improve the shielding properties.D. The biological shield should use hydrogen element to slow down fast neutron and attenuate gamma radiations.2.3. Passage IIIIn order to mitigate the effects of large release of steam (an potentially of radioactivity) in the containment, two full capacity independent safety systemsare provided; the reactor building spray system and the reactor building emergency coolers. The systems are designed to provide cool water to condense discharge steam and to prevent containment pressure from reaching its design limit. Individual systems differ considerably but a typical system may be described as follows; The initial capacity of the systems in removing heat from the containment atmosphere is typically 253GJ/hr.When a containment pressure of 4psig is reached, the emergency coolers of the reactor building are actuated. In their post accident mode, the system consists of three units each with a fan and an emergency cooler. As the reactor building air is circulated across a tubular heat exchanger, a portion of steam is condensed. These coolers alone would be capable of returning the containment pressure to near atmospheric within 24 hr after an accident. When the pressure reaches a level of 10 psig, the second safety system, the reactor building spray system, is automatically actuated. It consists of a pump, piping, headers, and spray nozzles arranged uniformly under the containment dome. It can spray borated water into the reactor building at a rate of 11.35m3/min. A sodium hydroxide additive is also provided in the spray water to increase the retention of iodine, and hence, to reduce its concentration in the containment atmosphere in the event of a sizable breach of fuel cladding.5. Two full capacity independent safety systems are provided for the design purpose of . （A）A. condensing the steam released into the containment when pressure exceeds design limit.B. maintaining the high pressure in the containmentC. discharging large amount of steamD. mitigating the effect of radiation hazard to the containment.6. The reactor building spray system will be actuated automatically . （C）A. after 24 hours after the accident;B. immediately after the accident;C. when the containment pressure reaches a level of design limit;D. when the air in the containment is circulated through the heat exchanger.7. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （B）A. The emergency cooler consists of fans and heat exchangers.B. The emergency cooler system can spray borated water into containment.C. All the two system are applied for returning the containment pressure tobe blow atmospheric after the accident.D. Sodium hydroxide additive is provided in the spray water to reduce the amount of radioactive fission produces.2.4. Passage IVMany reactor-years of operating experience have shown that it is not the fission chain reaction in the reactor core that is the most likely source of malfunction and accidents, but the “conventional”components of the power plant such as pumps, valves, switches, relays and parts under stress such as pressure vessel or pipework. Human error on the part of operating and maintenance staff has also proved to be a rather frequent source of trouble in nuclear power plant.These factors are not peculiar to nuclear power plant, but they assume great importance because of the hazardous nature of nuclear reactors. Designers have to ensure that all systems should as far as possible be fail-safe and redundant, i.e. if one system fails to function correctly, another is available to fulfill the same function.As stated above, nuclear reactors cannot explode like nuclear bombs. This primarily because of the fast acting negative thermal feedback due to Doppler broadening of the 238U absorption resonances. In addition in thermal reactors where neutrons are moderated, the prompt neutron lifetime Lp is the order of 10-4 second; in a bomb, since the neutrons are unmoderated, the prompt neuron lifetime is of the order of 10-8 seconds. Finally, reactor fuel consists typically of 2 to 3 percent 235U, where as nuclear weapons contain almost pure 239Pu. The net effect of these difference is that, even in a reactor which is totally out of control and gone prompt critical, the reactor period will not be much less than a second or so. In a nuclear bomb, the period is of the order of nanoseconds.(1)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error(2)The first sentence of second paragraph “These factors are not peculiar to …”,what does “These factors” mean?A.Human errorB.Malfunction of conventional componentsC.Fission chain reaction in the coreD.All of the above(3)What make the pressurized water reactors can not explode like a nuclear bomb?A.Doppler broadening of the 238U absorption resonancesB.The neutrons are moderatedC.PWR fuel contains much less fissile isotopes than nuclear bombD.All of the above(4)The last two sentences “The net effect of … is of the order of nanoseconds.” Givea comparison about the reactor period, what does the author most likely toexpress?A.The reactor period is too short comparing with a nuclear bombB.The 239Pu in a nuclear bomb is more easily to go prompt criticalityC.The nuclear reactor can not generate large amount of heat as a nuclear bombdoes within very short time, therefore nuclear reactor can not explode.D.The author wants to give us a reference about the data of the reactor periodtime.2.5. Passage VThe primary functions of the control rod drive mechanisms (CRDM) are to insert or withdraw rod cluster control assemblies and gray rod control assembles into or from the core to control average core temperature at a designed speed. A schematic diagram of CRDM is given in Fig 1. Control rod withdrawal one step involves six actions.1) Moveable Gripper Coil B-on.The latch-locking plunger rises andswings the movable gripper latchesinto the drive rod assembly groove. Asmall axial clearance exists betweenthe latch teeth and the drive rod.2) Stationary Gripper Coil A-off.The force of gravity, acting upon thedrive rod assembly and attachedcontrol rod, causes the stationarygripper and plunger to movedownward 1/16 inch, transferring theload of the drive rod assembly andattached control rod to the movablegripper latches. The plungerFig 1. Control rod drive mechanism continues to move downward andswings the stationary gripper latches out of the drive rod assembly groove.3) Lift Coil C-on. The 5/8-inch gap between the movable gripper pole and the lift pole closes, and the drive rod assembly rises one step length.4) Stationary Gripper Coil A-on. The plunger rises and rises the gap below the stationary gripper pole. The three links, pinned to the plunger, swing the stationary gripper latches into a drive rod assembly groove. The latches contact the drive rod assembly and lift it a small fraction of an inch. The small vertical drive rod assembly movement transfers the drive rod assembly load from the movable gripper latches to the stationary gripper latches.5) Movable Gripper Coil –off. The latch-locking plunger separates from the movable gripper pole under the force of a spring and gravity. Three links, pinned to the plunger, swing the three movable gripper latches out of the drive rod assembly groove.6) Lift Coil C –off. The gap between the movable gripper pole and the life pole opens. The movable gripper latches drop 5/8 inch to a position adjacent to a drive rod assemble groove.Repetition of the above six actions will make another step of withdrawal movement of control rod.(1)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error(2)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error第3章句子翻译－举例3.1. Which 从句(1)The atoms of all elements, which at one time were thought to be thefundamental particles of nature, consist of numbers of three more fundamental particles-protons, neutrons and electrons. 曾经被认为是自然界中基础粒子的原子是由多个更基础的粒子组成－质子、中子和电子。