核电专业英语词汇
核电词汇
appendix附录（补充件）
application package应用软件包
application program应用程序
approval批准，认可，审定
arc-lamp弧光灯
area radiation monitoring system区域辐射监测系统
closing(circuit breaker)合闸（断路器）
closure head顶盖
coagulant凝聚剂
coarse sand粗砂
coast down flow惯性流量
coated electrode药皮焊条
coaxial cable同轴电缆
cobalt-base alloy钴基合金
acceptance standard验收标准
acceptance test验收实验
acceptance验收
access通道，入口
accident analysis事故分析
accident conditions事故工况
accident interlocking module事故联锁组件
A
abnormal condition异常工况
absorbed dose rate吸收剂量
absorber chiller吸收式制冷机
absorber rod吸收棒
absorption coefficient吸收系数
absorption cross section吸收截面
absorption ratio吸收比
ATWS mitigation system ATWS缓解系统
audible count rate signal计数率音响系统
核电英文词汇
Aabnormal condition异常工况.absorbed dose rate吸收剂量absorber chiller吸收式制冷机absorber rod吸收棒absorption coefficient吸收系数absorption cross section吸收截面absorption ratio吸收比acceleration pressure drop加速度压降acceleration pressure loss加速度损失acceptable daily intake日允许摄入量acceptance criterion验收准则gacceptance limit可接受限值acceptance report验收报告acceptance standard验收标准acceptance test验收实验acceptance验收access通道，入口accident analysis事故分析accident conditions事故工况accident interlocking module事故联锁组件accident management事故处理accident mitigation事故缓解accident prevention事故预防accident shutdown事故停堆accident source事故源accidental exposure事故照射accumulated dose累积剂量accumulator安注箱acid-proof tile耐酸瓷砖activation活化active carbon filter活性碳过滤器active component能动部件active core height堆芯活性高度active power有功功率activity concentration放射性浓度activity level放射性活度activity活度actuate驱动，动作administration building and emergency center ventilation system 办公楼及应急中心通风系统Administration building and emergency center water supplyand drainage system 办公楼及应急中心给排水系统adoption by equivalent等同采用aerial cable架空电缆aerodynamic behavior空气动力特性aerosol气溶胶after filter(or post-filter)后置过滤器after-heat, residual heat剩余释热after-power，residual heat power剩余功率Oair breaker空气断路器air change rate换气率air cooler空气冷却器air delivery pipe供气管道air filter and absorber unit空气过滤吸附机组air filter unit空气过滤机组air flow rate空气流量air handling unit空气处理机组air hose空气软管air intake采风口，进风口air pump抽气泵-air sampling device空气取样设备air self-cooling type空气自冷式:air submerasion dose空气浸没剂量airborne particulate sample气载粒子取样器airborne radioactivity气载放射性alarm signal报警信号alarm window报警窗alarm(output) module报警（输出）组件alarm警报，报警albedo反射率aligning pin定位销,all volatile treatment全挥发处理alphanumeric keyboard字母数字键盘ambient temperature环境温度American Concrete Institute美国混凝土学会American Institute of Steel Construction美国钢铁结构协会American National Standards Institute美国国家标准学会American Nuclear Society美国核学会（ANS）American Society for Testing and Material美国材料与试验学会American Society of Civil Engineers美国土木工程师学会American Society of Mechanical Engineers美国机械工程学会ammeter电流表ampacity载流量analog channel模拟量通道analog input模拟量输入analog output模拟量输出analog signals模拟信号analog/digital converter模拟/数字转换器analogue link模拟接续线anchor bolt地角螺栓anion bed阴离子床annex附录（参考件）anticipated operational occurrences预期运行事件anticipated transient without scram(ATWS)未能紧急停堆的预计瞬态antifoam reagent防泡剂anti-rust agent防锈漆anti-seizer lubricant防咬润滑剂anti-vibration bar防振条anti-vibration bar防震杆anti-whip device管道防甩装置apparent power视在功率appendix附录（补充件）application package应用软件包application program应用程序approval批准，认可，审定arc-lamp弧光灯area radiation monitoring system区域辐射监测系统armored cable铠装电缆array排列as low as reasonable achievable(ALARA)合理可行尽量低as-built drawing竣工图aseismic joint防震缝assembler汇编程序assessment of exposure照射评价assessment of radiation protection辐射防护评价assessment评价assignor委托者，指派者asynchronous motor异步电动机atmospheric corrosion大气腐蚀atmospheric dispersion factor大气弥散因子atmospheric overvoltage大气过电压atmospheric pressure大气压力(atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus大气辐射监测装置atmospheric stability大气稳定度atom absorption spectroscopy原子吸收谱)ATWS mitigation system ATWS缓解系统.audible count rate signal计数率音响系统audible signals音响信号audit follow-up监查后续行动audit plan监查计划audit record监查记录.audit监查Ccircuit diagram电路图circular railway环形轨道circulating cooler循环冷风机circulating cooling water drainage system循环水排放系统circulating cooling water energy disoersion循环水排放口消能系统circulating cooling water intake system循环水吸入系统circulating cooling water pumping station system循环水泵房系统circulating cooling water treatment system循环水处理系统circulating cooling water yard pipe network system循环水厂区管路系统circulating water pump循环水泵)circulation ratio循环倍率circumferential ridge周向环脊civil works土建工程clad pellet gap包壳与芯块间的间隙cladding creep包壳蠕变xcladding flattening包壳压扁cladding strain包壳应变cladding包壳clarification澄清，净化clarifier澄清槽,classification of records记录分类cleaning清洗cleanout清扫口clear-water reservation清水池clevis insert（堆内构件）镶块climatology气候学clock system时钟系统clockwise顺时针方向closed circuit TV system闭路电视系统closed cycle cooling water system闭式循环冷却水系统closed-circulating cooling water闭路循环冷却水closing(circuit breaker)合闸（断路器）closure head顶盖coagulant凝聚剂coarse sand粗砂coast down flow惯性流量coated electrode药皮焊条coaxial cable同轴电缆cobalt-base alloy钴基合金code case规范案例code controller编码控制器.code of federal regulation(CFR)联邦管理法规code代码coefficient of thermal expansion热膨胀系数coil stack assembly线圈组件coil线圈cold junction box冷端补偿箱cold leg冷段cold performance test冷态性能试验)cold shutdown冷停堆cold startup冷态启动!cold test冷态试验cold void volume冷空腔cold-wall effect冷壁效应collapse level坍塌水位collapse压扁collective dose equivalent集体剂量当量color code色标command命令.commissioning调试committed dose equivalent待积剂量当量common base plate公用底板common point公共点common switchboard公共配电盘communication link通讯连接communication system通讯系统company standard企业标准compartment隔间，小室compensated ionization chamber补偿电离室compensation cable补偿电缆compensation补偿compiler编译程序complete logbook全日志completion certificate完工证书completion of erection release安装完工证书compliance with requirements符合要求component cooling water heat exchanger设备冷却水热交换器component cooling water pump设备冷却水泵component cooling water surge tank设备冷却水波动箱component cooling water system设备冷却水系统component cooling water设备冷却水composite structure混合结构compressed air system压缩空气系统compressible flow可压缩流computer network计算机网络concentrate storage tank浓缩液储存箱conceptual design方案设计condensate cooler凝结水冷却器condensate polishing system凝结水净化系统condensate pump凝结水泵condensate transfer pump凝结水输送泵condensate凝结水condenser vacuum system冷凝器抽真空系统condenser冷凝器condition adverse to quality不利于质量条件conducing wire引出线conductive integral积分热导率conductor 导体，导线conduit电缆管，电线套confidence置信度configuration配置confined point约束点conical head锥形封头connection box接线盒connection diagram接线图connection point连接点connector连接器conservation of energy能量守衡conservation of mass质量守恒conservation of momentum动量守衡console控制台constant current power supply恒流电源constant voltage power supply恒压电源construction manager工程经理construction permit建造许可证construction quality施工质量contact conductance接触热导contained source内在源containment air cleanup system安全壳空气净化系统containment hydrogen mixing system安全壳氢气混合系统containment hydrogen recombiner system安全壳消氢系统containment hydrogen ventilation system安全壳氢气排风系统containment instrumentation system安全壳仪表系统containment isolation signal安全壳隔离信号containment penetration安全壳贯穿件containment purge ventilation system安全壳清洗通风系统containment reactor coolant drain system安全壳疏排系统containment spray heat exchanger安全壳喷淋热交换器containment spray pump安全壳喷淋泵containment spray signal安全壳喷淋信号containment spray system heat exchanger安全壳喷淋系统热交换器containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统containment sump安全壳地坑content by weight 重量含量continuity连续性continuous welding连接焊contraction coefficient收缩系数contraction pressure loss收缩压力损失contractor接触器control (rod) assembly控制棒组件control (rod) bank调节棒组control (rod) calibration控制棒刻度control (rod) cluster控制棒组control (rod) group调节棒组control board控制盘control cable 控制电缆control damper控制风阀control level of surface contamination表面污染控制水平control logic cabinet控制逻辑柜control of items物项管理control of purchased items已购物项管理control rod control system控制棒控制系统control rod drive line alignment 控制线对中control rod drive line控制棒驱动线control rod drive mechanism(CRDM)控制棒驱动机构control rod dropping time控制棒落棒时间control rod ejection弹棒control rod guide thimble控制棒导向管control rod movement speed控制棒移动速度control rod position indication控制棒棒位指示control rod withdrawal控制棒提升control rod控制棒control switch控制开关control volume控制容积controlled area控制区controller area access personal dose monitoring and administration system 控制区出入口剂量监测和管理系统control控制，调节convection boiling对流沸腾conventional island DC&AC UPS system常规岛直流和交流电源系统conventional island(CI)常规岛converter转换装置conveyer belt传送带conveyer car运输小车coolant chemistry冷却剂水化学coolant flow rate冷却剂力量coolant mass flow rate冷却剂质量流量coolant mixing冷却剂交混coolant specific enthalpy冷却剂比焓cooler冷却器cooling coil冷却盘管cooling tower冷却塔cooling water冷却水core area堆芯区域core average heat flux(density)堆芯平均热通量core barrel cylinder堆芯吊篮组件core barrel flange吊篮筒体法兰core configuration堆芯布置core flow subfactor堆芯流量分因子core integrity堆芯完整性core maximum heat flux堆芯最大热通量core mixing subfactor堆芯交混分因子core physics堆芯物理core reflooding堆芯再淹没core shell筒体段，堆芯筒体core support pad堆芯支承块core thermal design堆芯热工设计core uncover堆芯裸露2core unloading堆芯卸料core void fraction堆芯空泡份额corrective action纠正措施corridor走廊corrosion fatigue副腐蚀疲劳corrosion inhibitor addition tank缓蚀剂添加箱corrosion inhibitor缓蚀剂corrosion medium腐蚀介质corrosion product腐蚀产物corrosion rate腐蚀速率corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀性corrosion腐蚀& ~cosmic radiation宇宙射线cost benefit analysis成本效益分析counter area monitor计数管区域监测仪counter flow反向流coupling breaker耦合开关coupon试块cover盖板CPU(central processing unit)中央处理机CRDM adaptor驱动机构管座CRDM cooling system控制棒驱动机构冷却通风系统CRDM power supply system棒电源系统CRDM ventilation shroud驱动机构通风管座CRDM ventilation system控制棒驱动机构通风系统creepage distance表面漏电距离creep蠕变crevice corrosion缝隙腐蚀criterion准则critical concentration临界浓度critical experiment临界实验critical exposure pathway关键照射途径critical flow临界流critical heat flux modified coldwall factor临界热流密度冷壁修正因子critical heat flux modified shape factor临界热流密度形状修正因子critical heat flux modified spacer factor临界热流密度格架修正因子critical heat flux(CHF)临界热流密度critical load危险载荷critical mass flux临界质量流密度critical mass flux临界质量流量critical mass临界质量critical nuclide关键核素critical size临界尺寸critical transfer pathway关键转移途径critical volume临界体积criticality accident 临界事故criticality alarm system临界报警系统criticality approach curve接近临界曲线criticality safety临界安全cross flow横向流cross section截面9crossover leg U型管段CRT (cathode-ray tube)屏幕显示装置)cubicle小室culvert 涵洞current curve versus time电流波形图current density电流密度current transformer电流互感器cursor光标curvature曲率cushion垫层cut-off energy切割能cut-off valve断流阀cylindrical shell筒形壳体Ddado护壁板cdaily variation coefficient日变化系数damper风阀dashpot action缓冲作用dashpot characteristics缓冲特性dashpot drop time缓冲落棒时间dashpot region缓冲区dashpot section缓冲段data acquisition and processing system数据采集和处理系统data acquisition数据采集data base数据基础data bus数据总线data channel数据通道data communication system数据传输系统data file数据文件data organization数据结构data processing module数据处理模块date of standard implementation标准实施日期daughter product子体产物DC hold cabinet直流保持柜DC stabilized power supply直流稳压电源DC&AC UPS system直流和交流不停电电源系统dead band死区deborating demineralizer除硼床debug查错decay chain衰变链decay constant衰变常数decay heat衰变热decay tank衰变箱decay衰变decommisioning退役decontamination factor去污因子decontamination system去污系统$decontamination去污deformation畸变degradation恶劣degree of enrichment富集度degree of subcooling过冷度degree of superheat过热度delay circuit module延迟电路组件delayed critical缓发临界delayed neutron fraction缓发中子份额delayed neutron缓发中子delithium demineralizer除锂床delta connection三角形连接demineralized pre-filter床前过滤器demineralized water除盐水demineralizer after-filter床后过滤器demineralizer除盐装置demography人口统计学densification密实化densimeter密度计density wave密度波denting凹陷deoxygenated water cooler除氧水冷却器deoxygenated water pump除氧水泵deoxygenated water tank除氧水箱deoxygenated water除氧水departure from film boiling DFB偏离膜态沸腾departure from nuclear boiling ratio (DNBR) DNB比departure from nuclear boiling(DNB)偏离核态沸腾depleted fuel乏燃料depletion燃耗，烧乏deposit corrosion沉积腐蚀deposited corrosion product沉积腐蚀产物deposited metal熔敷金属deposition沉积量depressurization卸压depth of corrosion腐蚀深度depth of foundation基础埋置深度derived air concentration导出空气浓度derived limit导出极限description for drawing up standard标准编制说明design assumption设计假设design basis accident(DBA)设计基准事故design basis event设计基准事件design basis source terms设计基准源项design basis设计基准design change设计变更design code设计规范design condition设计工况design control设计管理design for reactor core safety in NPP核电厂堆芯安全设计design interface control设计接口管理design objective limit设计目标限值design pressure设计压力design report设计报告design review设计审查design specification设计规范书design temperature设计温度design verification设计验证designation of system系统名称designation名称desilting basin沉砂池detail design施工设计detection limit探测限值detector push-pull device探测器推拉装置detector storage tube探测器存放管detector well探测器孔道diagnostic program诊断程序dialog keyboard对话键盘diaphragm valve隔膜阀dielectric strength绝缘强度diesel generator set柴油发电机组diesel generator柴油发电机differential pressure controller差压调节器differential pressure gauge差压计differential pressure transmitter差压变送器differential protection差动保护differential worth微分价值differentiator module微分器组件diffuser plate流量分配板diffuser导叶diffusion coefficient扩散系数diffusion theory扩散理论digital filtering数字滤波digital input数字输入digital misalignment alarm module数字失步报警digital voltmeter module数字电压表组件digital/anolog (D/A) converter数/模转换器dilution factor稀释因子dilution稀释dimineralized water pump除盐水泵direct burial直埋direct grounding直接接地direct inward dialing(DID)直接内拨direct outward dialing 直接外拨direction of welding焊接方向directory目录disadvantage factor不利因子discharge burnup卸料燃耗discharge pump 排放泵discharge 卸料disconnect button拆卸按钮disconnect plug可拆接头disconnect rod拆卸杆disconnect断连，断路dished head碟形封头dished pellet碟形芯块disinfection消毒disk file 磁盘文件disk operation system磁盘操作系统disk storage磁盘存储器disk磁盘dispersed flow弥散流display frame显示帧帽display operation station（显示）操作器display显示-distributed computer system分布式计算机系统distributed network分布式网络distribution box配电柜)distribution cabinet分配柜distribution list分发清单distribution system配水管网division篇DNB heat flux DNB热流密度document approval文件批准document change文件变更document control manager文件管理经理document control文件管理document distribution文件分发document preparation文件编制)document retention文件保存document review文件审查domestic sewage生活污水domestic water yard pipe network system生活水厂区管网系统domestic water生活水Doppler coefficient多普勒系数)Doppler effect多普勒效应.dose assessment剂量评价dose commitment剂量负担dose equivalent commitment剂量当量负担dose equivalent limit剂量当量限值dose equivalent剂量当量dose rate conversion factor剂量率转换因子dosimeter reader剂量计读数器double ended break双端断裂double fume chamber and hood双位通风柜double hook双钩double period倍增周期double-pole single-throw(DPST) switch双极单掷开关double-pulse generator双脉冲发生器double-reeling system双卷绕系统downhand welding平焊downstream下游draft standard for approval标准待批稿draft standard for examination标准送审稿drain flash tank扩容器drain recovery tank疏水回收箱drain tank疏水箱drawer抽屉drawing list图纸目录drawing volume list图册目录drawing图纸drift flux漂移流密度drip pan集油盘drive shaft assembly驱动轴部件drive shaft驱动轴drive unit驱动机构drop time落棒时间droplet entraiment液滴夹带droplet液滴drum卷筒dry bulb temperature干球温度dry deposition干沉降dryer干燥器drying oven干燥箱，烘干箱，烘箱，干燥炉dry-insulated transformer干式绝缘变压器dryout干涸dry-type transformer干式变压器dual trace oscilloscope双踪示波器dual-frequency simplex operation共频单工操作dual-tone multifrequency双音多频duckwork管网duct风管duplex transceiver双工收发信机duplication复制，转储duration time持续时间dye penetrant examination着色渗透检查dynamic analysis动态分析dynamic balance动平衡动压头_dynamic equilibrium动态平衡dynamic head动压头dynamic instability动力学不稳定性dynamic parameter动态参数Eearth leakage protection接地保护earth return大地回馈earthing resistance接地电阻)earthing system接地系统earthing接地earthquake subsidence震陷earthquake地震editor编辑程序effective delayed neutron fraction缓发中子份额effective dose equivalent有效剂量当量effective flow rate有效流量effective full power days等效满功率天effluent radiation monitoring system排出流辐射监测系统egg crate grid蛋篓型格架ejector喷射器ejector抽气器elastic scattering弹性散射electret microphone驻极体传声器electric building cooler system电气厂房循环冷风机组系统electric building smoker exhaust system电气厂房排烟系统electric building ventilation system电气厂房通风系统electric building water supply and drainage system电气厂房给排水系统electric building电气厂房electric dispatch network电力调度网electric furnace电炉electric heater电加热器electric horn电喇叭electric monorail hoist单轨电动葫芦electrical conduit引出线管electrical panel配电屏electrical penetration电气贯穿件electric-hydraulic actuating brake电磁液压制动器electroacoustic component电声元件electromagnetic braker电磁制动器electromagnetic flowmeter电磁流量计electronic pocket dosimeter电子式袖珍剂量计electro-slag remelting电渣重熔,electro-sound telephone system检修电话系统electrotechnical box电气箱elevation立面ellipsoidal head椭圆形封头embedded part预埋件emergency announcement紧急通知emergency boration紧急硼化emergency control room system应急控制室emergency core cooling应急堆芯冷却emergency diesel generation system应急柴油发电机系统emergency diesel generator building water supply and drainage system 应急柴油发电机给排水系统emergency diesel generator room ventilation system应急柴油发电机通风系统emergency disk brake应急盘式制动器emergency drain应急疏水emergency exposure应急照射emergency feedwater tank应急给水箱emergency oil pump应急油泵emergency outlet事故排出口emergency power source(or supply)应急电源emergency power应急电源emergency shutdown紧急停堆emergency telephone system应急自动电话系统emergency transfer equipment应急电源转换设备emergency trip time紧急停堆时间enclosed motor封闭式电机，防水电动机end of cycle循环末end of life(EOL)寿期末end plug端塞end truck端梁end-of erection state report安装完工报告end-of travel limit switch行程终端限位开关end-window counter钟罩形计数管energization通电energy group能群energy level能级energy resolution能量分辨率energy response能量响应energy spectrum能谱engineer station工程师站engineering company工程公司engineering enthalpy rise factor工程焓升因子engineering factor工程因子engineering heat flux hot channel factor工程热通量热管因子engineering heat flux hot spot factor工程热通量热点因子rengineering manual工程手册enriched fuel富集燃料enriched uranium reactor浓缩铀反应堆enriched浓缩的enrichment浓缩度，富集度enthalpy rise factor焓升因子enthalpy rise uncertainty factor焓升不确定因子enthapy rise engineering hot channel factor焓升工程热管因子entrainment夹带environment monitoring vehicle环境监测车environment qualification环境鉴定)environmental assessment(EA)环境评价environmental monitoring环境监测environmental quality(EQ)环境质量epicenter震中epithermal neutron超热中子equilibrium enrichment平衡富集度equilibrium poisoning平衡中毒equipment hatch设备闸门equipment list设备明细表equipotential connection等电压连接equivalent core diameter堆芯等效直径equivalent diameter当量直径erosion corrosion磨损腐蚀escape rate coefficient逃脱率系数escape泄漏，逃逸essential chilled water system重要冷冻水系统essential service water intake filteration system重要厂用水取水过滤系统essential service water pumping station system重要厂用水泵房系统essential service water pump重要厂用水泵essential service water yard pipe network重要厂用水厂区管路系统evaporative air cooling(EA V) unit蒸发式空气冷却机组evaporator蒸发器event事件examination检验excess letdown heat exchanger过剩下泄热交换器excess letdown过剩下泄excess power超功率excess reactivity过剩反应性excitation励磁exclusion area boundary禁区边界ex-core instrumentation堆外测量exhaust cleanup unit(ECU)排风净化机组exhaust fan排风机exhaust hole排气孔exhausting smoke fan排烟风机expansion joint膨胀结合，伸缩缝expansion ring膨胀环expansion tank膨胀水箱expert's opinion专家意见expert's report专家报告external contamination外污染external exposure外照射external interface外部接口'external load外负荷external pressure外压Fface of weld焊缝正面face plate面板failed fuel assembly location detecting system破损燃料定位检测系统failed fuel fraction破损燃料份额failure detector module故障检测元件failure失效，故障，损坏fan风机fast connector快拆接头fast fission factor快裂变因子fast neutron fluence快中子通量fast neutron flux快中子通量fault故障，事故feasibility study可行性研究feed water heater给水加热器feed water pump给水泵feed water storage tank给水箱feed water给水feeder ring给水环管feeder馈电线feedwater inlet nozzle给水进口管嘴fiberglass玻璃纤维field change现场修改field inspection巡回检查field字段file文件filing归档filler metal填充金属fillet welding角焊fill充注film badge胶片剂量计film boiling膜态沸腾filter滤池filter过滤器final acceptance report最终验收报告final acceptance最终验收final safety analysis report(FSAR)最终安全分析报告final storage of document文件最终储存fine sand细砂fin散热片fire alarm失火报警fire annihilation protecting equipment熄火保护装置fire break防火墙fire damper防火阀fire extinction agent灭火剂（器）fire extinction pump消防泵fire extinction灭火fire fighting foam system泡沫消防系统fire hose消防水龙带fire hydrant消火栓fire proof installation防火设施fire protection water system消防水系统fire protection消防fire rating耐火等级fire resistant耐火的fire stopping wall挡火墙fire stop阻火件fire-fighting water消防水first collision probability首次碰撞几率first core第一堆芯first out alarm首发报警fissile nucleus易裂变核fission and corrosion product activity裂变和腐蚀产物活度fission chain裂变链fission chamber(miniature)裂变室（微型）fission cross section裂变截面)fission energy裂变能fission fragment裂变碎片fission gas裂变气体fission neutron裂变中子fission product裂变产物fission rate裂变率fission source裂变源fission spectrum裂变谱fission yield裂变产额fissionable可裂变的fitting配件fixed point固定点fixed radio station无线固定台fixed tube固定套管flame arrester阻火器flame resistant耐火焰的flammable易燃的flange welding卷边焊flanged connection法兰连接flare groove welding喇叭型坡口焊flare test（传热管）扩口试验flashing alarm闪光报警flashing闪蒸flask ,cask屏蔽容器flat head平封头fleatation气浮池flexible connection柔性连接flexible cord柔线flexible coupling挠性联轴器，挠性接头float charge浮充电float type flowmeter浮子流量计floating point浮点flood light泛光灯，探照灯flooding淹没floor contamination monitor地面污染监测仪floor drain tank楼面疏水箱'floor drain楼面疏水floppy disk软盘flow coastdown惯性流量下降flow diagram（工艺）流程图flow distribution plate流量分配板flow distribution流量分配flow induced vibration流致振动flow instability流动不稳定性flow lift force流动升力flow restrictor限流器flow transmitter流量变送器flow-head cure流量-扬程曲线fluorescent lamp荧光灯flush pump冲洗泵flushing water冲洗水flush-mounted镶嵌，暗装flux density通量密度flux distribution通量分布flux flattening通量展平flux gradient通量梯度flux instrumentation guide tube通量测量导向管flux map通量分布图flux通量follow-up action后续行动food chain事物链forced circulation强迫循环foreground前台foreign material杂质forged parts锻制件forging锻造format格式化former辐板（堆芯围板的径向支撑板）fouling coefficient污垢系数foundation ring基础环fracture mechanics断裂力学framework框架，构架frame框架free-standing cladding自立式包壳frequency analysis频谱分析frequency meter频率计，周波表fresh water淡水fretting corrosion激振腐蚀fretting wear微振磨损friction coefficient摩擦系数)friction loss摩擦损失front computer前置计算front panel前面板fuel assembly sipping device燃料组件啜吸装置fuel assembly visual inspection equipment燃料组件目视检查装置fuel assembly燃料组件fuel basket燃料篮fuel building bridge燃料厂房桥架fuel building crane燃料厂房起重机fuel building ventilation system燃料厂房通风系统fuel building water supply and drainage system燃料厂房给排水系统fuel building燃料厂房fuel burnup燃料燃耗fuel cluster燃料棒束fuel column燃料柱fuel cycle lifetime燃料循环寿期fuel cycle燃料循环fuel element failure accident燃料元件破碎事故fuel element燃料元件fuel handling system燃料装卸系统fuel inventory燃料装量fuel loading and unloading装料与卸料fuel management燃料管理fuel mispositioning accident错装料事故fuel pellet燃料芯块fuel pool bridge燃料抓取机（燃料池桥架）fuel rod燃料棒fuel shipping container rig燃料运输容器吊具fuel storage、transportation and inspection system燃料储运和检验系统fuel swelling燃料肿胀fuel transfer shielding燃料运输屏蔽fuel transfer system燃料运输系统fuel transfer tube燃料运输通道fuel tube燃料包壳管fuel燃料组件full penetration welding全透焊逢full penetration weld全穿透焊full power满功率full-load torque满载能力function key功能键function test功能试验functional assignment职责分工fuse isolator熔断器闸刀)fuse switch熔断器开关fuse熔断器fusion welding熔焊Ggantry crane龙门吊gantry龙门架gap conductance间隙导热gas accumulated flowmeter气体累计流量计gas chromatograph气体色谱gas cooler气体冷却器gas heater气体加热器gas insulated switchgear(GIS)气体绝缘开关装置gas stripper脱气塔gas stripping unit脱气装置gas stripping脱气gaseous sample 气体取样gaseous space气空间gaseous waste treatment system气体废物处理系统gasket垫片gate valve闸阀gear coupling齿轮联轴器gear reducer齿轮减速器ger-Muller counter盖革/弥勒管general arrangement（厂房总布置图）general corrosion全面腐蚀general scientillation counter通用闪烁计数器general standard通用标准generation生成generator& main transformer system发电机和主变压器系统genetic effect遗传效应geography地理girder主梁girth welding环缝焊接gland packing压盖填料glass dosimeter玻璃剂量计globe valve截止阀glove box手套箱go pulse启动脉冲governor valve调节阀grab sampling手选取样grain-size晶粒度graphic display图形显示graphic package图形软件包graphic printer图形打印机graphic screen图形显示屏gravelly sand砾砂Gray code shaper葛莱码整形器;Gray code葛莱码;Gray/Gy戈瑞grid cell定位格架栅元grid spring定位格架grid telephone network电网通话网络grid电网，栅栏gripper抓具groove angle坡口角度groove welding坡口焊groove（焊接）坡口ground fault接地不良ground water地下水grounded electrode接地电极grounding conductor接地导体grounding resistance接地电阻grounding wire接地线groundwater level地下水位group display成组显示group selector组选择器guide cylinder导流筒guide rail导向轨道guide tube support plate压紧顶帽guide tube导向管guide vane导向管guide导则Hhabitability area（可）居留区hand and foot monitor手足监测仪hand hole手孔handling opening吊装孔handrail扶手hands-free speaking telephone set免提扬声电话hanger支吊架hard copy printer硬拷贝打印机hardware硬件harmful effect有害影响hazardous atmosphere危险环境head block assembly定滑轮组head dome insulation顶盖球冠保温层head flange insulation顶盖法兰保温层head loss水头损失heading标题headset头戴式送受话器head封头health physics program保健物理大纲health physics system保健物理系统hear exchanger热交换器heat affected zone热影响区heat balance热平衡heat capacity热容heat conductivity热导率heat diffusion热扩散.heat flow rate热流量heat flux热通量heat generation释热heat load热负荷heat sink热井heat tracing(electric)加热保温（电）heat transfer coefficient热交换系数heat treatment热处理heat(or ladle) analysis熔炼分析heater加热器heating coil加热盘管heating ventilation and air conditioning采暖通风及空调heavy oil重油helical-wrap drive cable螺旋形驱动电缆helium leak check氦气检漏hemispherical半球形封头hexadecimal十六进制的high efficiency particulate and air filter高效过滤器high efficient filter高效过滤器high energy pipe高能管道high neutron flux trip中子高通量紧急停堆high range gamma radiation monitor for accident事故用高量程γ辐射监测仪high range ionization chamber area gamma monitor高量程电离室区域γ监测high voltage power supply高压电源high-level noble gas gamma monitor高放惰性气体γ监测仪high-pressure ionization chamber高压电离室high-purity germanium高纯锗hoist speed提升速度hold down spring压紧弹簧环hold point停工待检点hold-down support assembly压紧支撑结构hold-up tank暂存箱hood通风柜hook吊钩horizontal acceleration水平加速度horizontal guide wheel水平导向轨horizontal pipe横管horizontal position welding横焊horn loudspeaker号筒扬声器hot cell热室hot channel factor热管因子hot channel热通道hot laundry ventilation system洗衣房通风系统hot leg热段。
核电常用词汇
核电常用词汇（管理）1、ASME(American Society of Mechnical Engineers)美国机械工程学会2、as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA)合理可行尽量低3、as-built drawing竣工图4、assembler汇编程序5、assessment评价6、assessment of radiation protection辐射防护评价7、assignor委托者、指派者8、atmospheric corrsion 大气腐蚀9、analog signals模拟信号10、annex附录（参考件）11、atmospheric pressure大气压力12、atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus大气辐射监测装置13、atmospheric stability大气稳定度14、audit监查15、audit follow-up监查后续行动16、audit plan监查计划17、audit record监查记录18、audit report监查报告19、audit team leader监查组长20、audit team监查组21、auditee受监查单位22、auditor监查员23、austenitic stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢24、authority管理机构、当局、官方25、abnormal condition异常工况26、absorption ratio吸收比27、acceptable daily intake (ADI)日允许摄入量28、acceptable limit可接受限值29、acceptance验收30、acceptance criterion验收准则31、acceptance report验收报告32、acceptance standardyansh验收标准33、acceptance test验收试验34、access通道、入口35、accident analysis事故分析36、accident conditions事故工况37、accident management事故处理38、accident mitigation事故缓解39、accident prevention事故预防40、accident source事故源项41、accdiental exposure事故照射42、accidental shutdown事故停堆1、核设施（HAF001《民用核设施安全监督管理条例》）指核动力厂（核电厂、核热电厂、核供汽供热厂），核动力厂以外的其它反应堆（研究堆、实验堆、临界装置等），核燃料加工、生产、贮存和后处理设施，放射性废物的处理及处置设施。
核电专业英语词汇完全版AAampere安培abstraction萃取
核电专业英语词汇（完全版）A A [ampere] 安培abstraction 萃取abundance 丰度aberrant source 异常误差来源ablution 清洗，吹除abnormal condition 异常工况abnormal event 异常事件abnormal occurrence 异常事件abnormal operation 异常运行abnormality 异常abort 异常中止above-critical 超临界的above-ground 地面（上的）above-water 水（上的）abradant （研）磨料abrasion 磨损[蚀]abrasion resistance test 耐磨试验abrasion-proof 耐磨（的）abrasive cutting 砂轮切割abreuography 荧光X 射线照相术abruption 断裂abscess （金属中）气孔，砂眼absolute alarm 绝对值报警absolute error 绝对误差absolute filter 绝对过滤器absorbance 吸收率absorbed dose 吸收剂量absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorbed fraction 吸收部分/份额absorber 吸收体[剂]absorber element 吸收元件absorber rod 吸收棒absorptance 吸收率[系数] absorption 吸收absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption column 吸收柱absorption cross section 吸收截面absorption type 吸收类型ac [alternative current] 交流[电]acceleration pressure drop 加速压降acceleration spring 加速弹簧acceptable daily intake[ADI] 日容许摄入量acceptable limit 可接受限值acceptance 验收acceptance criteria 验收准则，验收标准acceptance inspection 验收检查accepted as noted 按说明接受access 通道，入口access and use 利用access control [A/C] 出入口控制access hatch [ lock] 出入闸门access port 人孔，舱出入口access tube 通道管access way 通路accessibility 可达性accessible 可进入（的）accession 接收accessory 附[零]件，辅助（的）accident 事故accident analysis 事故分析accident condition 事故工况accident consequence 事故后果accident dose 事故剂量accident management 事故管理accident mitigation 事故缓解accident precursor 事故先兆accident prevention 事故预防accident progression 事故进展accident sequence 事故序列accident shutdown 事故停堆accident source term 事故源项accident with off-site risk 有厂外风险的事故accident without significant off-site risk 无严重厂外1风险的事故accidental depressurization of the cover gas 覆盖气体事故降压accidental error 随机误差accidental exposure 事故照射accidental failure 随机故障accountability 衡算accumulated dose 累积剂量accumulator (tank) 安全注射箱，蓄压箱accuracy 精度accuracy of measurement 测量精度acetylene 乙炔acid pickling 酸洗acidic 酸性acidity 酸度acid-proof tile 耐酸瓷砖acoustic insulation 隔音层acoustic material 隔音材料ACPT [automatic continuous phosphate treatment] 自动连续磷酸盐处理acquisition 征集acronym （首字母）缩写词acrylic plastic window 丙烯酸塑料窗action level [应急]行动水平，应急响应水平activated carbon 活性炭activated charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器activation 活化activation of corrosion product 腐蚀产物的活化activation product 活化产物active alumina 活性氧化铝active carbon bedding 活性炭床active carbon filter 活性炭过滤器active component 能动部件active effluent 放射性流出物[排出流]active loss 有功损耗active network 有源网络active nucleation site 活性成核位置active waste 放射性废物active zone 活性区，放射性区activity (放射性)活度activity concentration 放射性浓度activity level 活度水平activity median aerodynamic diameter 活度中值空气动力学直径activity median thermodynamic diameter 活度中值热力学直径actual line 实线actual value 实际值actuated equipment 驱动设备，传动设备actuating mechanism 驱动[执行]机构actuation 驱动，启动actuation device [触发]驱动装置，执行机构actuator 执行[操作]机构，驱动[传动]装置acute exposure 急性照射acute intake 急性吸入[取]acute radiation injury 急性辐射损伤ad hoc 专门，特设，特定（的）adapter 管接头，异径接头，适配器adaptive control 自适应控制ADC [analog-digital converter] 模-数转换器add/drop multiplexer [ADM] 分插复用器added metal 填充金属addendum 补遗adder 加法器additional items 补充（添加）项additional records 补充记录additive 添加物[剂]additive risk projection model 相加风险预测模式adequate distribution 均匀分布adherency/adherence 粘着〔附〕，附着（力）adhe sion test 粘附试验adiabatic 绝热（的）adiabatic compression 绝热压缩adion 吸附离子adjacency 相邻，邻接adjoint flux 共轭中子通量adjustable wrench/spanner 活动扳手adjuster absorber rod 调节吸收棒adjuster drive mechanism 调节棒驱动机构adjuster extension 调节棒延伸段2adjuster rod 调节棒adjuster unit 调节（棒）装置adjusting pin 定位销adjusting valve 调节阀adjustment 调整adlayer 吸附层administrative archives 文书档案administrative history 组织沿革admiralty brass 海军用黄铜admission intake[port] 进气[汽]口admittance 导纳；允许进入adoption by equation 等同采用adoption by equivalent 等效采用adsorbent 吸附剂adsorption 吸附adsorption carrier 吸附载体adsorption filter 吸附过滤器adulterant 掺杂物advance payment 预付款advanced control room 先进控制室advantage factor 有利因子advection 平流，平移advective cooling 平流冷却adverse conditions 不良状况adverse environment 有害环境advise all concerned 通知有关各方advisory group 顾问团AECB[AtomicEnergy Control Board] （加拿大）原子能管理局AECL[Atomic Energy of Canada Limited] 加拿大原子能有限公司aerial cable 架空电缆aerify 充[掺]气，气化aerobic 需[有]氧的aerobiont 好氧微生物aerodymanic 空气动力（的）aerodymanic dispersion 空气动力学弥[分]散aeroradioactivity 大气放射性aerosol 气溶胶affinity 亲合力after-heat 余热afterheat cooling 余热冷却after-power 剩余功率age approximation 年龄近似age hardening 时效硬化ageing 老化，时效ageing degradation 老化降级[质，解]ageing management 老化管理ageing testing 老化试验agglomerant 凝聚剂aggressive 腐蚀性（的）agitation 搅拌agitator 搅拌器AI,A/I[analog input] 模拟量输入AIM[asset and information management] 文档和信息管理air (circuit) breaker 空气断路器air admission filter 进气[入口]过滤器air balance hoist 空气平衡吊车air blast circuit breaker[ABCB] 空气[气吹式]断路器air bottle 气瓶，气罐air circulating 空气循环air compressor 空气压缩机air conditioningsystem 空调系统air cooler water piping 空气冷却器水管air deflector 空气折流板air dryer 空气干燥器air entrainingagent 加气剂air equivalent 空气等效（的）air exhaust 排风，抽风air extraction flow diagram 抽气流程图air extraction system 抽气系统air filtration unit [AFU] 空气过滤装置air hoist 气动[平衡]吊车air injector 空气喷射器air inleakage 空气漏入air inlet valve 进气阀air intake 进气[风]口air kerma 空气比释动能air leakage testing 空气泄漏试验3air lock 空气[密封]闸门air lock valve 空气闸阀air pollution 大气污染air powered brake 气动制动器air pressure regulating valve 空气压力调节阀air-proof 气密的air receiver 空气储罐air stream 气流air supplied suit 气衣air supply 供气，气源，送风air tank 气罐air vent valve 排气阀air/oil package 气动/油压动力包air-block valve 气阻阀airborne particulate sampler[APS] 气载粒子取样器airborne radioactivity 气载放射性airlock door 气密门airlock lock system 闸门锁紧系统airlocked 密封的，密闭的airlock 空气闸门air-oil tank 油气箱air-operated valve 气动阀airtight fittings 气密连接件airtight joint door 密封门airtight ring 气密环ALARA[as low as reasonably achievable] 合理可行尽量低alarm acknowledge 报警确认alarm annunciator 报警信号装置alarm conditioning 报警条件alarm jumper 报警抑制alarm limit 报警（限）值alarm reset 报警复位alarm value 报警值alarm watch 报警值班alarm window 报警窗albedo 反照率alert 警戒alga 藻类alien 外来的aligner 准直器aligning pin 定位销alignment 对中，校直alignment chart[diagram] 列线图alignment pin 定位销alkaline 碱性alkalinity 碱度all volatile treatment[AVT] 全挥发处理allen screw 六角螺栓alleviate 减轻，缓和alligator wrench 管钳，管扳手allowable burnup 允许燃耗allowable error 允许误差allowable value 允许值allowance 公差；允许量alpha decay α衰变alphanumeric 字母数字的alphanumeric character 字母数字符ALST[alarm status table] 报警状态表alternate mode 替换模式alum 矾alumina particle 颗粒状氧化铝alumina pellet 粒状氧化铝，氧化铝芯块alveolus 凹槽amalgam electrode 汞齐电极ambient dose equivalent 周围剂量当量ambient pressure 环境压力ambient temperature 环境温度ambipolar 双极（的）ambulance 救护车amine 胺ammeter 电流计ammonia 氨amplification 放大amplifier 放大器amplitude 幅值ampoule 细颈瓶anaerobe 厌氧微生物anaerobic 厌氧的4analog 模拟量analog input [AI] 模拟量输入analog input system 模拟量输入系统analog output 模拟量输出analog(ue) controller 模拟量控制器analog(ue) read-out 模拟量示值，模拟量读数analog(ue) signal 模拟信号analog(ue)-digital converter[ADC] 模-数转换器analyser 分析器analysis 分析analysis report 分析报告ahchor bolt 地脚螺栓，锚固螺栓anchor ear （电）抱箍anchoring element 锚固件ancillary equipment 辅助设备ancillary port 辅助孔道ancillary structure 附属构筑物anexer 阴离子交换树脂angle steel 角钢angle (relief) valve 角（式卸压）阀angular flux 角通量anion 阴离子anionic resin 阴离子交换树脂anisotropic 各向异性（的）ANN[annunciator] 信号器anneal 退火annual balance sheet 年度决算表，年度资产负债表annual dose 年剂量annual limit on intake 年摄入量限值annual outage 年度停役annual processing rate 年处理率annual reload 年换料量annual risk 年度风险annual throughput （燃料）年投量annubar 阿牛巴，环杆annular plate 环形板annular space bellows 环形气隙波纹管annulus gas 环隙气体annulus gas system 环隙气体系统annulus shielding 环隙屏蔽annulus space 环形区，环形气隙（区）annulus spacer 环形定位圈annunciation 报警，（状态）通告annunciation interrogation workstation[AIW] 报警查询工作站annunciation window 报警窗annunciator 信号器，报警器anode 阳极anomaly 异[反]常ANSI[American National Standards Institute] 美国国家标准学会antenna ring 触环anticipated operational occurrence 预计运行事件anticipated performance 预期的性能anticipated transient condition 预期瞬态工况anticoincidence 反符合anti-corrosion 防腐，耐蚀anti-reverse 不可逆，防倒转anti-reverse ratchet 防倒转棘轮anti-scalant 阻垢剂antiscale 防垢剂anti-seismic 防震anti-seizer lubricant 防咬润滑剂AO,A/O[analog output] 模拟量输出a/o [atomic percent] 原子百分数aperiodicity 非周期性aperture 孔径apparent 表观的apparent output 表观功率[输出]，视[在]功率appendix 附录[件]applicability 适用性applicable code and standard 适用规范与标准applicant 申请者applied dose 施予剂量appraisal 鉴定approach to criticality 逼近临界approach to power 提升功率approval 批准approved supplier 认可/批准的供货商5aquatic pathway （放射性释放）水途径aqueous process 水法，湿法aqueous solution 水溶液arc flame 弧焰arc lamp 弧光灯arc strike 引弧斑痕architectural finishing 建筑饰面archival administrative department 档案行政管理部门archival arrangement 档案整理archival code 档号archival descriptive information centre 档案资料目录中心archival evidence 档案证明archival information classification 档案信息分类archival microform 档案缩微品archival publications 档案出版物archival repository 档案库房archival science 档案学archival value 档案价值archive area 馆区archives 档案；档案馆archives building 档案馆建筑archives container 档案装具archives management 档案管理archives thesaurus 档案主题词表archives work 档案工作area 区域，地区，范围；面积area monitor 区域监视器area monitoring 区域监测area survey 区域测量argon 氩（气）argon arc cutting 氩弧切割arithmeticroutine 运算程序armature 电枢armo(u)red cable 铠装电缆arrangement drawing 布置图artificial radioactivity 人工放射性artificial ventilation 人工通风as low as reasonable achievable[ALARA] 合理可行尽量低ASAP[as soon as possible] 尽快as-built data[ABD] 竣工资料as-built drawing 竣工图ascending 上行[向]的ASCII[American Standard Code for Information Interchange] 美国信息交换标准代码ASDV[atmospheric steam discharge valve] 大气蒸汽排放阀aseismic 抗震的aseismic joint 防震缝ASME[American Society of Mechanical Engineers]美国机械工程师学会aspect ratio 纵横比asperity 粗糙度aspiration pressure （泵）吸水压力，抽气压力assembler 汇编程序assembly 组件assembly drawing 总装配图assessment 评价assessment of radiation protection 辐射防护评价ASSET[Assessment of Safety Significant Event Team] 安全重要事件评价组assistance 辅助设备assistant power plant operator[APPO] 电站助理操纵员associate 关联associated facilities 配套设施assumed accident 假想事故ASTM[American Society for Testing Materials] 美国材料试验学会as-welded 焊（后状）态的asychronous motor 异步电动机asymmetric line break 非对称效应的管路破裂asymmetrical disturbance 非对称扰动asymptotic 渐近的at saturation 达到[处于]饱和atmosphere barrier 空气隔板atmospheric contamination 大气污染atmospheric control 大气控制atmospheric dispersion 大气弥散6atmospheric dispersion factor 大气弥散因子atmospheric pathway （放射性释放）气途径atmospheric pollution 大气污染atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus 大气辐射监测装置atmospheric stability 大气稳定度atmospheric steam discharge valve 大气蒸汽排放阀atomic absorption 原子吸收at-reactor (fuel) storage 反应堆现场（燃料）贮存attachment ring 安装环attendance and no-attendance 出席和缺席attenuation 衰减，减弱attenuation factor 衰减因子attributablerisk 归因危险（风险）attribute 属性ATWS[anticipated transient without scram] 未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态audible alarm 音响报警audio-visual archives 音像档案audio-visual equipment 视听设备audit 监查auditteam 监查小组auditplan 监查计划austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authority 管理机构，当局authorisation 许可，批准，授以资格或合格证书authorised activity 批准的行动authorised discharge 批准的排放authorised facility 批准的设施authorised first operator[AFO] 授权的首席操纵员authorised inspector 授权检查员authorised limit 管理限值，特准限值authorised nuclear operator [ANO] 授权的核操纵员authorised termination of responsibility 授权终止责任authorised transfer 许可的转移authorised use 授权使用“AUTO”compressor处于“自动”状态下的压缩机AUTO mode 自动模式autoclave 高压釜autoclave channel 高压釜通道autoclave circuit 高压釜回路autoclaving 高压釜处理autocorrelation 自相关autogenous cutting （乙炔）气割automatic 自动automatic voltage regulator [AVR] 自动电压调节器automatic water purge 自动冲水清洗automatic/manual station 自动-手动操作台automation 自动化autoradiography 自射线照相法autoregressive 自回归autotransformer 自耦变压器auto-turbine run-up system 汽机自动升速系统auxiliary 辅助（的）auxiliary bay 辅助间auxiliary control room 辅助控制室auxiliary feed & bleed inlet & outlet [AFBIO] 辅助给排水进出口auxiliary feedwater pump [AFP] 辅助给水泵auxiliary H2O leakage collection system [AHLCS] 辅助轻水泄漏收集系统auxiliary hoist 副提升机构auxiliary impeller 辅助叶轮auxiliary nitrogen circuit 辅助氮气回路auxiliary transformer 辅助[厂用]变压器availability 可利用率availability factor 可利用因子available 可用的average flux power 平均中子通量功率average fuel rating [duty] 燃料平均比功率average zone level [AZL] 平均区域液位avertable dose 可免剂量averted dose 已免剂量Avogadro’s number阿佛加德罗常数AVT [all volatile treatment] 全挥发处理away-from-reactor(fuel) storage （燃料）离堆贮存, 厂外贮存awu [atomic weight unit] 原子量单位axial elongation 轴向伸长7axial factor 轴向（功率峰）因子axial flaw 轴向裂纹axial form factor 轴向形状因子axial offset [AO] 轴向偏移axial peaking factor 轴向峰值因子axial peaking hot factor 轴向热点峰因子axial power deviation 轴向功率偏差axial tensile load 轴向拉伸荷载axisymmetric 轴对称（的）azimuthal 方位，角向（的）Bb [barn] 靶恩（核反应截面单位）back checking 返回校验back lighted button 带灯按钮backfill 回填backflow 回[逆，反]流background 背景，本底backing pump 前级泵backing welding 打底焊backlog 积压(的待办事项)backspace 退格back-up 备用back-up air supply 备用空气源back-up air tank 备用气箱back-up cooling 备用冷却backup feedwater pump [BFP] 备用给水泵backup heat sink 备用热阱back-up injection mode 备用注入模式backup seal 备用密封back-up water 备用水backward 反向backwash 反洗，反萃取backwash piping 反冲洗管back-water valve [BWV] 回水阀badge 佩章剂量计baffle 缓冲板balance header 平衡集管balance of nuclear steam plant [BNSP] 核蒸汽厂房辅助设施balance of plant [BOP] 核电厂配套子项balancing hoist 平衡吊车ball bearing 滚珠轴承ball check valve 止回球阀，球型止回阀ball float valve 浮球阀ball plunger （储仓推杆座管的）球销ball screw 滚珠丝杠ball spline 滚珠花键ball valve 球阀ballast 镇流器ballast trailer 配重拖车bandwidth （频）带宽bank guarantee 银行担保bank of cylinder 气瓶组bank reconciliation statement 银行往来对帐单bar 巴（压力单位）;杆[棒，条]bar chart 棒图，条型图bar list 钢筋表bar method 贯通法磁粉探伤bare 裸的；无反射层的barricade 屏蔽板，隔板barrier 屏障，隔板base 底板，基础baseline 基线，扫描线，原始资料base mat 底板垫层base material 母材base plate 基板base rock 基岩base-load operation 基本负荷运行basement 地下室，基板basic 碱性；基本的basic design 基准设计basic limit 基本限值basic safety function 基本安全功能basket （过滤用）网篮batch 分批batch controller 批量调节器batching pump 计量泵battery 蓄电池，电池组bay 水池8baybolt 地脚螺栓bayonet 插入式；回流管式；卡口，销钉连接bead welding 堆焊beak attrition （树脂的）破碎损坏bearing 轴承（座），支座bearing (lube) oil pump 轴承（润滑）油泵bearing cooling water piping 轴承冷却水管bearing housing 轴承座（箱）bearing pad 支承垫片，轴承衬垫bearing pressure 轴承压力bearing sleeve 轴承套管[衬套]Becquerel 贝可[勒尔](放射性活度单位)beetle 一种形似甲虫的水份探测器探头beginning-of-plant life 电厂寿期初behaviour 行为，性状bell 扩散管，喇叭口，漏斗Belleville washer (装卸料机机头内的)贝氏垫圈bellows 波纹管bellows assembly 波纹管组件bellows attachment ring 波纹管连接环bellows expansion joint 波纹管膨胀[伸缩]接头bellows-sealed globe valve 波纹管密封截止阀belt-driven 皮带传动bench-mark 水准点，基准点bench run 台架试验bend 弯管bend extrados 弯管外脊bend intrados 弯管内脊beneficiary 收款人，受益人benefit-cost analysis 效益-成本分析bent frame 排架beryllium assisted crack penetration 铍促使裂缝贯穿beta particle β粒子beta-active β放射性的beyond design basis accident [BDBA] 超设计基准事故beveling machine 坡口机bias 偏置[压]bias error 偏置误差bi-cable 双电缆bicarbonate 重碳酸盐bid evaluation 评标bidirectional fuelling 双向换料bidirectional refueling 双向换料bidirectional switch 双向转换开关big repair 大修bill of lading (货运)提单bill of material [BM] 材料清单bill of quantities 工程量清单bimetallic thermometer 双金属温度计binary comparator 二进制比较器binary digital counter [BDC] 二进制数字计数器binary signal 二进制信号binomial 双重；二项式bioaccumulation factor 生物积累因子bioassay 生物学检验，生物[学]分析bio-engineering 生物工程biological half-life 生物半周期，生物半衰期biological shield 生物屏蔽biosphere 生物层，生物圈bistable 双稳态bit 位bitumen solidification 沥青固化black absorber rod 黑体吸收棒black sheet 黑铁皮blackout 全厂断电bladed U tube 翅片U 形管blank 空格blank flange 盲板法兰blanket 转换区bled steam 抽汽bleed condenser 泄放[排气]冷凝器bleed valve 排放[水]阀bleed water 排水blender 搅拌器blind flange 盲板法兰，法兰盲板blister 起泡blister formation threshold [BFT] 汽泡生成阈block 数据块9block diagram 方框图block sequence welding 分段多层焊block switch 闭锁开关block wall 砌块墙blockage 堵塞blocked position 闭锁位置blocking piston 闭锁活塞blowdown 排放，排污blowdown accident 喷放[失水]事故blowdown flash tank 排污扩容箱blower （排）风机blown fuse 熔断保险丝blow-off [out] valve 排放阀blowout diaphragm 爆破膜，安全膜blowout panel 爆破盘blu(e)ing test 着色试验blunt(notch-type)flaw 钝缺陷BMW [boiler make-up water] 蒸汽发生器补水board inward dialing [BID] 经话务台接入body dose 全身剂量body relief valve [BRV] 阀体泄压阀body-bonnet connection 阀体与阀盖的联接boiler 蒸汽发生器，锅炉boiler blowdown 蒸汽发生器排污boiler blowdown system [BBS] 蒸汽发生器排污系统boiler feed pump 蒸汽发生器给水泵boiler level control [BLC] 蒸汽发生器水位控制boiler pressure control [BPC] 蒸汽发生器压力控制boiling channel 沸腾通道boiling length 沸腾长度boiling point 沸点BOL [beginningof life] 寿期初bolt joint 螺栓连接bolt-up 螺栓紧固bolt-up material 栓接材料bonding 忠诚保险bonnet 阀帽boom truck 汽车吊booster pump 增压泵BOP [balance of plant] 核电厂配套子项borated water 含硼水boric oxide 氧化硼boric anhydride 硼酸酐boron 硼boron addition 加硼，硼添加boron dilution 硼稀释boron removal 除硼boron storage tank 硼储存箱boron-lined counter 涂硼计数管boss （安装）凸台bottle station 气瓶站bottle type heat exchanger 立式热交换器bottling-up valve （主泵轴封）回流阀bounce 跳[抖]动bowl 圆锥型壳，反射罩box foundation 箱形基础Bq [becquerel] 贝可（放射性活度单位）bracing 撑杆[条]bracket “牛腿”，支承架brake 制动器,(金属板的)压弯成形机brake circuit 制动回路brake drum 轮闸鼓brake element 制动部件brake ring 制动环brake shoe 制动瓦，刹车闸brake valve 闸阀brakeforming 压弯成形B-ram fill flow B 推杆供给流branch office 分公司brand 铭牌，商标brass 黄铜braze welding 钎焊break down 解离，熔断break location 破口位置break of contact 触点断开break size 破口尺寸break-before-make contact 先断后合接[触]点breakdown list 分项明细表10breaker 断路器break-even 得失平衡break-even chart 损益平衡表breaking capacity 遮断容量break-make contact 换向接点breathing air system 呼吸空气系统breathing apparatus 呼吸装置breech 尾部bridge 桥架bridge column （装卸料机）桥架立柱bridge crane 桥式吊车brittle crack [rupture] 脆（性破）裂bronze ball valve 铜球阀brush 电刷，刷子B-scale [binary scale] 二进制记数法BSI [basic subject index] 基本科目代码BTU [British thermal unit] 英热单位bubble chamber 气[吹]泡室bubbler 鼓泡(侧压)管,气泡式侧压管bubbler header 气[吹]泡装置集管bubbler helium header 气[吹]泡装置氦气集管bubbly-slug flow 泡状团状流buck-and-boost regulator 电压升降调节器bucket pump 活塞泵buckling 曲率budget amendments 追加预算，预算修正案budgetary balance sheet 预算平衡表buffer 缓冲器，减震器buffer room 缓冲间buffer space 缓冲区buffering chemical 缓冲试剂building 建筑（物），厂房building components 建筑构件building crack 厂房裂缝building deterioration 厂房（质量）恶化build-up 积累，堆积build-up factor 累积因子build-up sequence （堆焊或多层焊）熔敷顺序built clean 建造清洁built-in 内装[部]的, 嵌[镶]入的,固定的bulging factor 膨胀系数bulk 整体，散装bulk boiling 整体沸腾bulk correction factor 总体修正因子bulk helium supply 大量氦气供给bulk memory 大容量存储器bulk overpower 整体超功率bulk power 总体功率bulk purchase 散件采购bulkhead 舱壁bull ’s eye type flow gauge 牛眼型流量计bumping 碰撞，冲击bundle power 棒束功率bundle residence time 棒束（堆内）驻留时间bundle structure 棒束结构buoyancy 浮力burial （放射性废物）埋藏buried cable 地下[埋设]电缆burn out 燃耗，烧毁burnable poison 可燃毒物burnup 燃耗burst can 元件包壳破损burst slug 燃料元件破损bus 母线，总线bus duct 母线管道bus work 母线连接busbar 母线，汇流条[排]bushing 衬套，套筒，套管bushing type current transformer [BCT] 套管式电流互感器business archives 企业档案馆business plan 业务计划business tax 营业税busway 母线槽[通道]butt welding 对（接）焊butterfly valve 蝶阀buzzer 蜂鸣器by-pass 旁路，旁通管bypass valve 旁通阀11by-path valve 旁通阀byte （计算机）字节C cabinet 小室，柜cadweld 火泥焊CAE [Canadian Aviation Electronics Ltd.] 加拿大航空电子公司CAE [computer aided engineering] 计算机辅助(设计cable 电缆; (周长大于10″的)缆索,钢丝绳cable box 电缆盒cable branching box 电缆分线箱cable bridge 电缆桥架cable channel [conduit] 电缆管道cable clamp 电缆夹cable connector 电缆接头cable core 电缆芯线cable distributor 电缆分线盒〔配线架〕cable duct [pan, race, trench] 电缆槽[沟]cable end fitting 电缆终端配件cable flat 电缆层cable gallery 电缆廊道cable identification marker 电缆标记，电缆标识器cable integrity testing 电缆一致〔完整〕性试验cable laying 电缆敷设cable layer 电缆包层cable-laid 电缆敷设的cable list 电缆清册cable lug 电缆接线片cable pulling vault 电缆井cable ring system 电缆环网cable socket 电缆端头cable spreading 电缆敷设cable supply 电缆供应cable termination 电缆头cable tray 电缆托[桥]架cablet （周长不到10″的）小缆索cableway 电缆管孔cabling 电缆敷设，布线cabling diagram 电缆连接图cabling systems by area 区域电缆系统cache memory 高速缓冲存储器CAD [computer aided design] 计算机辅助设计CADD [computer aided design & drawing] 计算机辅助设计与制图(系统) 与)工程(管理)cage motor 鼠笼式电动机cage valve 套筒阀caisson 沉箱calandria 排管容器calandria boost 排管容器充水calandria boundary 排管容器边界calandria head tank 排管容器高位箱calandria level control 排管容器液位控制calandria outlet temperature [COT] 排管容器出口温度calandria pressure relief pipe 排管容器卸压管calandria seismic restraint 排管容器抗震支撑calandria side tubesheet subassembly [CSTS] 排管容器（侧）管板calandria tube 排管calandria tube leak 排管泄漏calandria tubesheet 排管容器管板calandria vault 排管容器室，堆腔calculation sheet 计算书caliber 管径，口径calibrated factor 校准因子calibrated log power 校准对数功率calibration 标定，校准，校验calibration gas 标定气体calibration gas composition 标定气体成分calibration program 检定程序call in （计算机）调入call on （计算机）访问，调用call slip 领料单call-up system 呼叫系统calorimeter 量热计calorstat 恒温箱camber 拱度CAMLS [computerizedannunciationmessage list system] 计算机12报警信息列表系统CAN [National standard of Canada] 加拿大国家标准can handling tool （破损燃料）罐操作工具canal 管道，通道CANDU [canadian deuterium- uranium reactor]坎杜堆，加拿大重水铀堆CANDU Project Management (CPM) 坎杜项目部canister 小罐,金属容器;高放密封容器;空气过滤器, 箱式真空吸尘器CANLUB （燃料包壳）石墨涂层canned pump （全）密封泵canned centrifugal pump 密封式离心泵CANNET [CANDU network] CANDU 网络canning equipment 封装设备cantilever crane 悬臂吊canyon pump 屏蔽泵cap screw 有头螺钉，带帽螺钉capacitance 电容capacitor 电容器capacitor stack 电容器叠层capacity 容量capacity factor 容量因子capillary 毛细管capsule 封套；幅照（样品）盒capsuleflange 封套法兰capture 俘获capture cross section 俘获截面capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线carbon brush 碳刷carbon dioxide 二氧化碳carbon dioxide suppression system 二氧化碳灭火系统carbon floating ring 石墨浮环carbon steel flange 碳钢法兰carbonate 碳酸盐card 插件（板）cardboard filtering element 纸质过滤器元件cardinal point 基点，座标点caretaker 管理员cargo 货运carousel 转盘贮存器，圆盘传送带carriage 滑车；托架；（电）支撑架carriage actuator 滑车驱动器carriage return [CR] 回车carrier 载体；（放射性物质）运输carrier gas 载气carrying gas 载气carrying idler 空载carryover 汽（中夹）带水，带水率carryunder 水带汽，带汽率cart 运输小车cartesian co-ordinate system 直角坐标系cartridge (过滤器)芯子；燃料元件盒cartridge filter 过滤筒，滤芯cartridge valve 插装式阀cascade control 串级调节cascade controller 串级调节器cascading event 触[引]发事件case-by-case 逐件地case-hardening 表面硬化casing 外[泵，机]壳，壳体casing assembly 壳体组件cask(-flask) 屏蔽容器cassette tape 盒（式磁）带cast iron 铸铁casting 铸造casting crack （铸造）缩裂cast-in-site concrete 现浇混凝土catalogue 目录cataloguint/description 编目catalyser [catalyzer] 催化剂，触媒catalyst 催化剂catalytic recombination unit 催化复合装置catcher 捕集器catch-up schedule 赶工计划catenary hose 悬链软管catenary system （装卸料机）悬链系统catexer 阳离子交换树脂cathode 阴极13cathode ray tube [CRT] 阴极射线管cathodic protection 阴极保护cathodic screen CRT 屏幕catholyte 阴极电解液cation 阳离子cation bed 阳离子床cation conductivity 阳离子电导率cation-anion resin 阳-阴离子树脂cationic resin 阳离子交换树脂catoloid 胶体二氧化硅causality 因果律，因果关系cause-consequence tree [CCT] 因果树（分析）caustic 强碱性，碱性的caustic corrosion 碱性腐蚀caustic embrittlement 苛性脆化cavitation 气蚀cavitation corrosion 空蚀，气蚀cavity 腔室CCP [critical channel power] 临界通道功率CCTV [closed-circuit television] 闭路电视CCW [counter-clockwise] 反时针方向CED [contract effective date] 合同生效日期ceiling 天花板ceiling grounding receptacle [CGR] 天棚接地插座cell average normalization [CAN] （堆）栅元平均归一化cell boundary 栅元边界cell configuration 栅元布置cell correction factor 栅元校正因子cell edge normalization [CEN] 栅元边缘归一化cell parameter 栅元参数cell radius 栅元半径cell-averaging (method) 栅元平均（方法）cell-centered flux 栅元中心中子通量cell-homogenized cross section 栅元均匀化截面cellular 多孔的，蜂窝状的Celsius 摄氏cement-solidified 水泥固化的center of maintenance activity 维修活动中心centerline 中（心）线centigrade [C] 百分度，摄氏central bearing pad 中心轴承垫central hole 中心孔central processing unit [CPU] 中央处理器centralized control 集中控制centrifugal 离心的centrifugal pump 离心泵centripetal 向心的centroid 矩心，质心centrosymmetry 中心对称CEP [condensate extraction pump] 凝结水泵ceralloy 陶瓷合金ceramic 陶瓷（的）ceramic uranium pellet 铀陶瓷芯块certificate 证书certificate of approval 鉴定证书certificate of compliance 合格证，税款交清证明书certificate of conformity 合格证certification 鉴定，证明；证明书，鉴定书，检验证明书certification of authorization 授权书certified 合格的certified material test report 合格材料试验报告CFR [code of federal regulation] （美国）联邦管理法规CFV [channel flow verification] 通道流量验证chain block 手拉葫芦，链动滑轮change in design [CID] 设计更改change notice 变更通知change request 变更申请changeover 转向[接]channel 通道；管道channel annulus bellows 燃料通道环隙波纹管channel annulus spacer [garter spring] 燃料通道环形定位圈[箍簧]channel blockage （燃料）通道堵塞channel closure 燃料通道密封塞channel coolant flow rate （燃料）通道冷却剂流量channel dwell time （燃料）通道停留时间channel end fitting （燃料）通道端部（组）件14channel flow verification [CFV] system （燃料）通道流量验证系统channel heat output （燃料）通道热功率channel inlet （燃料）通道入口channel inspection and gauging apparatus for reactor [CIGAR] 反应堆燃料通道检查和测量装置channel network （燃料）通道网（络）channel outlet （燃料）通道出口channel positioning assembly （燃料）通道定位组件channel power peaking factor [CPPF] （燃料）通道功率峰因子channel sealed-in （仪表）通道自保持channel steel 槽钢channel temperature monitoring system [CTMS] （燃料）通道温度监测系统channel –type reactor 压力管式反应堆channeling effect 沟道效应character (string) 字符（串）characteristic curve 特性曲线characterization 表征charcoal absorber 活性炭吸附器charcoal bed 活性炭床charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器charge and discharge operations 装卸料操作charge release 甩负载,甩(循环冷却水)用户charge-coupled device 电荷耦合器件charging/discharging 装卸料chart-recorded 图表记录的chart recorder 图形记录仪chartered bank 特许银行charting 制图，绘图chartographer 制图者chasing 开槽，车螺纹check and test program 检查和试验大纲check bolt 防松/制动螺栓check feed valve 给水止回阀check meter 校验仪表check pin 制动销check plate 防松板，制动板check valve 止回阀checker 检验者，检验装置checklist 核查单checknut 防松螺母，锁紧螺母checkoff 检查完毕，查讫checkout 检验（完毕），校验，测试checkpoint （控制区入口）检查点checksum 检验和chemical addition station 化学物添加站chemical addition vessel 化学物添加箱chemical additive 化学添加剂chemical additive pump 化学添加剂供给泵chemical absorption 化学吸附chemical affinity 化学亲和性[势]chemical cleaning 化学清洗chemical dosing pump 化学计量加料泵chemical lab 化学实验室chemical purification 化学净化chemical purity 化学（物）纯（度）chemicals 化学药物chemisorption 化学吸着作用[吸附]chemistry control 化学控制chequered plate 网[花]纹钢板CHF [critical heat flux] 临界热通量chilled water 冷冻水chiller 冷冻机chimney 烟囱Chinese Commodity Inspection Bureau 中国商检局chloride 氯化物chloridization 氯化chlorinating 加氯chlorination 氯化消毒chlorinator 加氯器chlorinity 氯含量chromatogram 色谱chromatography column 色谱柱chromogram 立体彩色图chromometer 比色计chronic exposure 慢性照射15。
核电 专 业 英 语 词 汇
1.1. 原子核、元素及材料中子neutron核nucleus （复数）nuclei 硼boron 硼酸boric acid可燃毒物burnable poison 硼浓度boron concentration不锈钢stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel 铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel 1.2. 术语1.2.1.工况衰变decay裂变fission燃耗burnup反应性reactivity裂变产物fission product临界criticality换料周期fuel cycle运行工况operating condition 停堆shutdown满功率运行full power operation 瞬态，瞬变transient衰变热decay heat余热residual heat厂用电house load次临界subcritical超临界supercritical慢化剂moderator冷却剂coolant溶剂solvent反射层reflector1.2.2.设备稳压器pressurizer (PRZ)蒸汽发生器Steam Generator (SG)屏蔽泵canned (motor) pump反应堆压力容器Reactor Pressure Vessel (RPV)包壳cladding安全壳containment堆芯，活性区core燃料棒fuel rod燃料组件fuel assembly控制棒control rod控制棒组件Control Element Assembly (CEA)控制棒驱动机构Control Element Drive Mechanism (CEDM) 柴油发电机diesel generator1.3. 系统压水堆Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)反应堆冷却剂泵（主泵）Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP)反应堆冷却剂系统（一回路系统）Reactor Coolant System (RCS)一回路系统/主回路系统primary system一/二回路primary/secondary loop非能动余热导出系统passive decay heat removal system自动降压系统automatic depressurization system (ADS)化学与容积控制系统（化容系统）Chemical and V olume Control System 专设安全设施Engineered Safety Feature (ESF)余热排出系统Residual Heat-Removal System应急堆芯冷却系统Emergency Core Cooling System安注系统Safety Injection (SI) System非能动安全系统passive safety system设冷水component cooling water非能动堆芯冷却系统passive core cooling system1.4. 事故运行安全裕量operating margin冷却剂丧失事故（失水事故）Loss-of-coolant Accident (LOCA)假设始发事件postulated initiating events 事故工况accident condition单一故障准则single-failure criterion共因故障common cause failure纵深防御defense in depth 设计基准事故design basis accident 固有安全性inherent safety冗余性redundancy多样性diversity完整性integrity多层屏障multiple barrier放射性radioactivity海啸tsunami屏蔽shielding核安全准则nuclear safety criteria 1.5. 方向横向lateral纵向longitudinal 径向radial 垂直/立式安装vertically mounted 环向circumferential轴向axial1.6. 腐蚀腐蚀corrode, corrosion 气蚀cavitation点蚀/孔蚀pitting缝隙腐蚀crevice corrosion 冲蚀erosion老化ageing磨损wear蠕变creep 应力stress应变strain辐照肿胀irradiation swelling1.7. 阀门波动管surge line安全阀safety valve卸压阀relief valve爆破阀squib valve主蒸汽隔离阀main steam isolation valve。
核电工程词汇
abnormal condition 异常工况absorber rod 吸收棒absorption cross section 吸收截面acceleration pressure drop 加速度压降acceptable daily intake (ADI) 日容许摄入量acceptance 验收acceptance standard 验收标准acceptance test 验收试验accident analysis 事故分析accident interlocking module 故障联锁组件accident mitigation 事故缓accident source 事故源accidental shutdown 事故停堆accumulator 安注箱，蓄压箱activation 活化active component 能动部件active power 有功功率actuate 驱动，触发activity concentration 放射性浓度activity level 放射性活度administration building and emergency center water supply and drainage system 办公楼及应急中心给排水系统absorber chiller 吸收试冷冻aerodynamic behavior 空气动力特性after filter,(or post-filter) 猴子过滤器after-power, residual heat power 剩余功率air change rate 换气率air delivery pipe 供气管道air filter unit (AFU) 空气过滤机组air flow rate 空气流量，风流量air hose 空气软管air pump 抽气泵air self-cooling type 空气自冷式airborne particular sample (APS) 气载粒子取样器alarm (output) module 报警（输出）alarm window 报警窗absorbed dose rate 吸收剂量率absorption coefficient 吸收系数absorption ratio 吸收比acceleration pressure loss 加速度压降损失acceptable limit 可接受限制acceptance criterion (pl criteria) 验收准则acceptance report 验收报告access 通道，入口accident conditions 事故工况accident management 事故处理accident prevention 事故预防accidental exposure 事故照射accumulated dose 累积剂量acid-proof tile 耐酸瓷砖active carbon filter 活性炭过滤器active core height 堆芯活性高度activity {放射性}活度administration building and emergency center ventilation system 办公楼及应急中心通风系统adopting (or adoption) by equation 等同采用adopting/adoption by equivalent 等效采用aerial cable 架空电缆aerosol 气溶胶after-heat residual heat 剩余释热air (circuit) breaker 空气断路器air cooler 空气冷却器air filter and absorber unit (AFAU)空气过滤吸附机组air handing unit (AHU) 空气处理机组air intake 采风口，进风口air sampling device 空气取样设备air submarine dose 空气浸没剂量airborne radioactivity 气载放射性alarm 报警alarm signal 报警信号albedo 反照率aligning pin 定位销alphanumeric keyboard 字母数字键盘American Concrete Institute (ACI)美国混凝土学会American National Standard Institute (ANSI)美国国家标准学会American Nuclear Society (ANS) 美国核学会American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 美国机械工程学会ampacity 载流量analog/digital (A/D) converter模拟/数字转换器analog signal 模拟信号anchor bolt 地角螺栓annex 附录anti-rust agent 防锈剂anti-vibration bar 防振条anticipated operational occurrence预计运行事件anti-form reagent 防沫剂appendix 附录application program 应用程序arc-lamp 弧光灯armored cable 铠装电缆array 排列as-built drawing 竣工图aseimic joint 防震缝assessment 评价assessment of radiation protection辐照保护评价atmospheric corrosion 大气腐蚀atmospheric overvoltage 大气过电压atmospheric radiation monitoring apparatus大气辐照监测装置ATWS mitigation system A TWS缓解系统audible count rate signal 计数率音响信号audit 监查audit plan 监查计划all volatile treatment (AVT) 全挥发处理ambient temperature 环境温度American Institute of Steel Construction美国钢铁结构学会American Society for Testing and Material美国材料与试验学会American Society of Civil Engineers(ASCE)美国土木工程学会ammeter 电流表analog channel 模拟量通道analog input 模拟量输入analog output 模拟量输出analog link 模拟连接线anion bed 阴离子床anti-whip device 管道防甩装置anti-seiser lubricant 防咬润滑剂anti-vibration bar 防震杆anticipated transient without scram (ATWS)未能紧急停堆的预计瞬态apparent power 视在功率application package 应用软件包approval 批准，认可，审定area radiation monitoring system区域辐照坚测系统as low as reasonable achievable (ALARA)合理可行尽量低assembler 汇编程序assessment of exposure 照射评价assigner 委派者，指派者asychronous motor 异步电动机atmospheric dispersion factor 大气弥散因子atmospheric pressure 大气压力atmospheric stability 大气稳定度atom absorption spectroscopy (AAS) 原子吸收光谱audible signals 音响信号audit follow-up 监查后续行动audit record 监查记录audit team leader 监查组（队）长auditee 受监查单位austenitic stainless steel 奥氏体不锈钢authorization 授权，受以资格automatic analytical balance 全自动分析天平automatic exchanger 自动交换机automatic selective call 自动选呼automatic welding 自动焊auxiliaries 辅助设备auxiliary building common facility room ventilation system 辅助厂房公共设施房间通风系统auxiliary building cooler system辅助厂房冷风机组系统auxiliary component shielding 辅助设备屏蔽auxiliary feed-water system 辅助给水系统auxiliary feed-water pump building ventilation system辅助给水泵房通风系统auxiliary hoist 付起升机构auxiliary steam distribution system辅助蒸汽分配系统auxiliary steam system/conventional island辅助蒸汽系统（常规岛）available head 有效压头average daily output 平均日供水量axial offset (AO) 轴向偏移axial peaking hot spot factor 轴向峰热点因子axial power factor 轴向功率峰因子azimuthal power tilt 象限功率倾斜back lighted button 带灯按钮back welding 封底焊backfill soil 填土background 后台，背景backup (group electrical) heater备用（组电）加热器backup 后备baffle assembly （堆内构件）围板组件balance of plant (BOP) 核电厂配套设施balancing chamber 平衡室bank 组audit team 监查组（队）auditor 监查员authority 管理机构，官方，当局authorized limit 管理限值automatic connection mode 自动连接方式automatic scaler 自动定标器automatic synchronization unit 自同步装置auto-transformer 自藕变压器auxiliary boiler 辅助锅炉auxiliary building water supply and drainage system辅助厂房给排水系统auxiliary contact 辅助触点auxiliary feed-water pump 辅助给水泵auxiliary gutter （辅助）小线槽auxiliary power supply 辅助厂用电源auxiliary steam production system辅助蒸汽生产系统auxiliary transformer辅助变压器，厂用变压器availability 可用性，可用率avalanche 雪崩avogadro’s number 阿佛加德罗常数axial peaking factor 轴向峰值因子axial power deviation 轴向功率偏差axial stiffness 轴向刚度A/M transfer switch 自动/手动切换开关back pressure 背压back-draft damper 逆止（风）阀background survey 本底调查backing welding 打底焊backup manual operator 备用手动操作器backup power supply 备用电源baffle 围板，折流板，缓冲板baffle plate 隔板balanced beam 平衡梁ballast 镇流器bar screen 格栅bar 棒材barrel outlet nozzle 吊篮出口接管base load 基本负荷base material 母材basement 地下室basic limit 基本限值batching tank 制备箱bearing frame 轴承底座bearing oil pump 轴承（润滑）油泵bearing furface 支承面Becquerel (Bq) 贝可begineering of life 寿期初bellows 波纹管berth 泊位bio-accumulation factor 生物积累因子biological shielding 生物屏蔽bit 位blackout 全厂断电block diagram 方块图block 闭锁blow-down 喷放，排污blow-down pump 排污泵blower,(fan) 风机body-bonnet connection 阀体与阀盖的连接bolt 螺栓booster pump 增压泵bootstrap 引导BOP building radiation monitoring systemBOP厂房辐射监测系统borated glass 硼玻璃boration 硼化boric acid blender 硼酸混合器boric acid filter 硼酸过滤器boric acid pump 硼酸泵boric acid surge tank 硼酸波动箱boron concentration/content 硼浓度/硼含量boron dilution 硼稀释boron equivalent 硼当量barrel base plate 吊篮底板base 基座，底座base load operation 基本负荷运行base plate 底板，垫板basic design 初步设计basic of design (or purchase) 设计/采购依据bearing capacity 承载力bearing housing 轴承座（壳）bearing sleeve 轴承衬套bearing swiveling ring 回转支承bellow seal 波纹管密封bent frame 排架bills of quantities 工程量清单biological half-life 生物半排期bistable (module) 双稳态组件bite (control rods) （控制棒）咬量blank 空格block sequence welding 分段多层焊blow down 排污blow-down phase 喷放级段blow-down rate 排污率board in-word dialing (BID) 经话务台接入boiling heat transfer 沸腾传热bolting material 螺栓件材料bootstrap loader 引导装入材料BOP 380V AC power system BOP 380V交流电系统BOP communication system BOP 通讯系统BOP lighting system BOP 照明系统borated water 含硼水boric acid batching tank 硼酸制备箱boric acid concentration 硼酸浓度boric acid mixing tank 硼酸混合箱boric acid storage tank 硼酸储存箱boric acid transfer pump 硼酸输送泵boron concentration monitoring system硼浓度监测系统boron recycle system 硼回收系统boron removal 去硼boron meter 硼浓度计bottom head insulation 底封头保温层bottom nozzle 下管座box foundation 箱形基础braid 编织物branch connection 分支连接braze welding 钎焊breaker (circuit breaker) 断路器break-point 断点bridge (over-head) crane 桥式起重机brush 电刷，刷子build-up factor 积累因子bulk-boiling 整体沸腾buoyancy 浮力burnable poison 可燃毒物burnable poison rod 可燃毒物棒burnout correlation 烧毁关系式burn-up 燃耗bus-bar ,bus 母线bus-way 母线槽，母线通道buttress 扶壁，水管支墩bypass 旁通，旁路byte 字节cabinet 设备柜cable connector 接线盒cable flat 电缆层cable layer 电缆包层cable pulling vault 电缆井cable supply 电缆供电cable tray 电缆托架，桥架calculator module 计算机组件candling 蜡烛状熔化capacitor 电容器capture cross section 俘获截面carbon dioxide suppression system二氧化碳灭火系统carriage return (CR) 回车boron lined counter 涂硼计数管borosilicate glass 硼硅酸盐玻璃bottom head 下封头bottom plate 底板bracket 牛腿，支撑架brake horsepower 制动马力branch system 支状管网break size 破口尺寸breaking capacity 遮断容量breather pipe 通气管broadcasting control panel 广播控制盘buckling 曲率build-up sequence （堆焊或多层焊）熔敷顺序bulk coolant temperature 冷却剂整体温度buried cable 地下电缆burnable poison assembly 可燃毒物组件burnout 烧毁burnout ratio 烧毁比bus 总线bushing 套管butt welding 对接焊buzzer 蜂鸣器bypass flow 旁通流量cab （起重机）驾驶室cable box 电缆箱，电缆盒cable end fitting 电缆终端配件cable gallery 电缆廊导cable list 电缆清册cable spreading 电缆敷设cable termination 电缆头cache memory （高速）缓冲存储器calorimeter 量热计capable fault 能动断层capacity （起重机）起重量，容量capture gamma ray 俘获γ射线card 插件cardinal point 基点，坐标点carry over （汽）带水carry under （水）带汽carryover 带水率carry-under 带汽率cartridge （filter）（过滤器）芯子cascade 串级casing adapter （主泵）吸水导向管cast-in-site concrete 现浇混凝土cathode ray tube (display) (CRT) 屏幕显示cation bed 阳离子床cell 电池，小室central processing unit (CPU) 中央处理器centralized sampling 集中取样centrifugal fan 离心式风机certificate 证书change notice 变更通知change request 变更申请change out 替换，代替changing fixtures 控制棒与阻力塞抽插机channel deviation 通道偏差channel head (SG) 下封头channel spacing 通道间隔character 字符character string 字符串charcoal absorber 活性碳吸附器charge-coupled device (CCD)电荷藕合器件charger 充电装置charging pump 上充泵charpy V test 夏比V-型试验check valve 逆止阀，止回阀check-hole 检查口chemical additive 化学添加物chemical cleaning 化学清洗chemical treatment tank 加药箱（器）chequered plate 花纹钢板cheveron plate 波纹管chilled water circulation pump冷冻水循环泵chloride concentration (content)氯离子浓度chopped cosine profile distribution截余弦分布carrying rail 行走轨道carryover moisture 夹带水分cartridge 卡盘cartridge fuse 熔丝管case 箱，盒，柜（仪表）cassette tape 盒带catchment area 汇水截面cation bed 阳床celling light 天花板照明cement solidification 水泥固化centralized control 集中控制centrifugal charging pump 离心式上充泵certificate of approval 鉴定证书certification of compliance 合格证change request form 变更申请表change review board 变更审查委员会changeover 转向，转接channel 通道channel flow area 通道流通面积channel integral model 通道积分模型channel，conduit 渠道character printer 字符打印机characteristics curve 特性曲线charcoal filter 活性炭过滤器charge ionizing particle 带电电离粒子charging path 上充通道Charpy V notch specimen (Cv)夏比V-缺口试样check source 校验放射源check-list 校核清单chemical and volume control system化学和容积控制系统chemical reagent injection 化学试剂注入chemistry laboratory and its drainage system化学分析室及其疏水系统chilled water 冷冻水chilled unit 冷冻机组chocked flow 拥塞流量circuit breaker opening (manual)断路器跳闸（手动）circuit diagram 电路图circuiting cooler 循环冷风机circuiting cooling water energy disoersion system 循环水排放口消能系统circuiting cooling water pumping station system 循环水泵房系统circulation ratio 循环倍率civil works 土建工程cladding 包壳cladding flattening 包壳压扁clarification 澄清，净化classification of records 记录分类clean-out 清扫口cleave insert （堆内构件）镶块clock system 时钟系统closed circuit TV system 闭路电视系统closed circulating cooling water闭路循环冷却水closure head 顶盖coarse sand 粗沙coated electrode 药皮焊条cobalt-base alloy 钴基合金code case 规范案例code of federal regulation (CFR)联邦管理法规（美国）coil stack assembly 线圈部件cold leg （管道）冷段cold shutdown 冷停堆cold test 冷态试验cold-wall effect 冷壁效应collapse level 坍塌水位color code 色标commissioning 调试common base plate 公共底板（座）common switch board 公共配电盘communication system 通讯系统circular railway 环形轨道circulating cooling water drainage system循环水排放系统circuiting cooling water intake system循环水进水系统circuiting cooling water treatment system循环水进水系统circuiting water pump 循环水泵circumference ridge 周向环脊clad pellet gap 包壳与芯块之间的间隙cladding creep 包壳蠕变cladding strain 包壳应变clarifier 澄清槽cleaning 清洗clear-water reservation 清水池climatology 气候学clockwise 顺时针方向closed cycle cooling water system闭式循环冷却水系统closing (circuit breaker) 合闸（断路器）coagulant 凝聚剂coast-down flow 惯性流量coaxial cable 同轴电缆code 代码code controller 编码控制器coefficient of the thermal expansion热膨胀系数coil 线圈cold junction box 冷段补偿箱cold performance test 冷态性能试验cold startup 冷态启动cold void volume 冷空腔collapse 压扁collective dose equivalent 集体剂量当量command 命令committed dose equivalent 待积极量当量common point 公共点communication link 通讯连接（电话机）company standard 企业标准compartment 隔间，小室compensation 补偿compiler 编译程序completion certificate 完工证书compliance with requirement 符合要求component cooling water heat exchanger设备冷却水热交换器component cooling water system设备冷却水系统compressible flow 可压缩流computer network 计算机网络conceptual design 方案设计condensate cooler 凝结水冷却器condensate pump 凝结水泵condensate transfer pump 凝结水输送泵condenser vacuum system 凝结水抽真空系统conducing wire 引出线conductor 导体，导线confidence 置信度confined point 约束点connection box 连接盒（箱）connection point 连接点conservation of energy 能量守恒conservation of momentum 动量守恒constant current power supply 恒流电源construction manager 工程经理construction quality 施工质量contactor 接触器containment air cleanup system安全壳空气净化系统containment hydrogen recombiner system安全壳消氢系统containment instrumentation system安全壳仪表系统containment penetration 安全壳贯穿件containment reactor coolant drain system安全壳疏排水系统containment spray pump安全壳喷淋系统compensated ionization chamber补偿电离室compensation cable 补偿电缆complete logbook 全日志completion of erection release安装完工证书component cooling water 设备冷却水component cooling water pump设备冷却水泵component cooling water surge tank设备冷却水波动箱composite structure 混合结构compressed air system 压缩空气系统concentrate storage tank浓缩液储存箱condensate 凝结水condensate polishing system凝结水精处理系统condensate system 凝结水系统condenser （汽机）凝汽器，冷凝器condition adverse to quality 不利于质量条件conductive integral 积分热导率conduit 电缆管，电线管configuration 布置conical head 锥形封头connection diagram 接线图connector 连接器conservation of mass 质量守恒console 控制台constant voltage power supply恒压电源construction permit 建造许可证contact conductance 接触导热contained source 内在源containment back pressure 安全壳背压containment hydrogen mixing system安全壳氢气混合系统containment hydrogen ventilation system安全壳氢气排风系统containment isolation signal安全壳隔离系统containment purge ventilation system安全壳清洗通风系统containment spray heat exchanger安全壳喷淋热交换器containment spray signal 安全壳隔离信号containment spray system heat exchanger安全壳喷淋系统热交换器continuity 连续性contraction coefficient 受缩系数control 控制，调节control (rod) bank 控制棒组control (rod) cluster 控制棒束control board 控制盘control damper 控制风阀control logic cabinet 控制逻辑柜control of items 物项管理control rod 控制棒control rod drive line 控制棒驱动线control rod drive mechanism控制棒驱动机构control rod ejection 弹棒control rod movement speed控制棒移动速度control rod withdrawal 控制棒提升control switch 控制开关controller area access personal dose monitoring and management system控制区出入口剂量监测和管理系统conventional island (CI) 常规岛conveyer car 运输小车coolant flow rate 冷却剂流量coolant mixing 冷却剂交混cooler 冷却器cooling tower 冷却塔core area 堆芯区域core barrel assembly 堆芯吊篮组件core barrel cylinder 堆芯吊篮筒体core configuration 堆芯布置core integrity 堆芯完整性core mixing subfactor 堆芯交混分因子core reflooding 堆芯再淹没core support pad 堆芯支承垫（块）containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统containment sump 安全壳地坑content by weight 重量含量continuous welding 连接焊contraction pressure loss 收缩压力损失control (rod) assembly 控制棒组件control (rod)calibration 控制棒刻度（标定）control (rod) group 调节棒组control cable 控制电缆control level of surface contamination表面污染控制水平control of purchased items 已购物项管理control rod control system 控制棒控制系统control rod drive line alignment 控制线对中control rod dropping time 控制棒落棒时间control rod guide thimble 控制棒导向管control rod position indication控制棒棒位指示系统control volume 控制容积controlled area 控制区convection boiling 对流沸腾conventional island DC&AC UPS system 常规岛直流和交流电源系统conveyer belt 运输皮带coolant chemistry 冷却剂化学coolant mass flow rate 冷却剂质量流量coolant specific enthalpy冷却剂比焓cooling coil 冷却盘管cooling water 冷却水core average heat flux (density)堆芯平均热流密度core barrel flange 吊篮筒体法兰core flow subfactor 堆芯流量分因子core maximum heat flux 堆芯最大热流密度core physics 堆芯物理core shell （反应堆容器）筒体段，堆芯筒体core thermal design 堆芯热工设计core uncover 堆芯裸露core void fraction 堆芯空泡份额corridor 通道，过道corrosion fatigue 腐蚀疲劳corrosion inhibitor addition tank腐蚀剂添加箱corrosion rate 腐蚀速率cosmic radiation 宇宙辐射counter area monitor 计数管区域，监测仪coupling breaker 耦合开关cover 盖板CPU (central processing unit) 中央处理器CRDM cooling system控制棒驱动机构冷却通风系统CRDM ventilation system控制棒驱动机构通风系统crevice corrosion 缝隙腐蚀critical concentration 临界浓度critical exposure pathway 关键照射途径critical heat flux (CHF) 临界热流密度critical heat flux modified shape factor临界热流密度形状修正因子critical load 危险载荷critical mass 临界质量critical mass flux 临界质量流密度critical size (core) 临界尺寸critical volume 临界体积criticality alarm system 临界报警系统criticality safety 临界安全cross section 横断面，截面CRT (cathode-ray tube) 屏幕显示装置culvert 涵洞，暗渠current density 电流密度cursor 光标cushion 垫层cut-off valve 断流阀DC hold cabinet 直流保持柜dado 护壁板，墙裙core unloading 堆芯卸料corrective action 纠正措施corrosion 腐蚀corrosion inhibitor 缓蚀剂corrosion medium 腐蚀介质corrosion product 腐蚀产物corrosion resistance 耐腐蚀性cost benefit analysis 成本效益分析counter flow 反向流coupon 试块CRDM power supply system棒电源系统CRDM adaptor 控制棒驱动机构管座CRDM ventilation shroud控制棒驱动机构通风罩creep 蠕变creepage distance 表面漏电距离criterion 准则critical experiment 临界实验critical flow 临界流critical heat flux modified coldwall factor临界热流密度冷壁修正因子critical heat flux modified spacer factor临界热流密度格架修正因子critical mass flow 临界质量流量critical nuclide 关键核素critical transfer pathway 关键转移途径criticality accident临界事故criticality approach curve 接近临界曲线cross flow 横向流crossover leg U 型管段cubicle 小室current curve versus time 电流波形图current transformer 电流互感器curvature 平曲线，曲率cut-off energy 切割能cylindrical shell 筒型壳体DC stabilized power supply 直流稳压电源daily variation coefficient 日变化系数damper 风阀dash-pot characteristics 缓冲特性dash-pot region 缓冲区data acquisition and processing system (DAP) 数据采集和处理系统data bus 数据总线data communication system (DCS) 数据传输系统data organization 数据结构date of standard implementation标准实施日期DC & AC UPS system 直流和交流不停电电源系统deborating demineralizer 除硼床decay 衰变decay constant 衰变常数decay tank 衰变箱decontamination 去污decontamination system 去污系统degradation 劣化degree of subcooling 过冷度delay circuit module 延迟电路组件delayed neutron fraction 缓发中子份额delithium demineralizer 除锂床demineralized water 除盐水demineralizer 除盐装置（器）demineralized pre-filter 床前过滤器densimeter 密度计density wave 密度波deoxygenated water 除氧水deoxygenated water pump 除氧水泵depature from film boiling DFB 偏离膜态沸腾depature from film boiling ratio (DNBR)DNB比depletion 燃耗，烧乏deposited corrosion product 沉积腐蚀产物deposition 沉积量depth of corrosion 腐蚀深度derived air concentration 导出空气浓度description for drawing up standard标准编制说明dashpot action 缓冲作用dashpot drop time 缓冲落棒时间dashpot section 缓冲段data acquisition 数据采集data base 数据库data channel 数据通道data file 数据文件data processing module 数据处理模块daughter product 子体产物dead band 死区debug 查错decay chain 衰变链decay heat 衰变热decommissioning 退役decontamination factor (DF) 去污因子deformation 畸变degree of enrichment 富集度degree of superheat 过热度delayed critical 缓发临界delayed neutron 缓发中子delta connection 三角形连接demineralized water tank 除盐水箱demineralizer after-filter 床后过滤器demography 人口统计学densification 密实化denting 凹坑deoxygenated water cooler 除氧水冷却器deoxygenated water tank 除氧水箱depature from nuclear boiling (DNB)偏离膜态沸腾depleted fuel 乏燃料deposit corrosion 沉积物腐蚀deposited metal 熔敷金属depressurization 卸压depth of foundation 基础埋置深度derived limit 导出限值design assumption 设计假设design basis 设计基准design basis accident (DBA) 设计基准事故design basis source terms 设计基准源项design code 设计规范design control 设计管理design interface control 设计接口管理design objective limit 设计目标限值design report 设计报告design specification 设计规格书design verification 设计验证designation of system 系统名称detail (detailed) design 施工设计detector push-pull device 探测器推拉装置detector well 探测器孔道dialog keyboard 对话键盘dielectic strength 绝缘（介质）强度diesel generator set 柴油发电机组differential pressure controller 差压调节器differential pressure transmitter 差压变送器differential worth 微风价值diffuser （泵）导叶diffusion coefficient 扩散系数digital filtering 数字滤波digital misalignment alarm module数字失步报警组件dilution 稀释dimineralized water pump 除盐水泵direct grounding 直接接地direct outward dialing (DOD) 直接外拨direction of welding 焊接方向disadvantage factor 不利因子discharge pump 排放泵disconnect 断连，断路disconnect plug 可拆接头dished head 碟型封头disinfection 消毒disk file 磁盘文件disk storage 磁盘存储器display 显示design basis event 设计基准事故design change 设计变更design condition 设计工况design for reactor core safety in NPP核电厂堆芯安全设计design pressure 设计压力design review 设计审查design temperature 设计温度designation 名称desilting basin 沉砂池detection limit 探测限值detector storage tube 探测器存放管diagnostic program 诊断程序diaphragm valve 隔膜阀diesel generator 柴油发电机differential pressure 压差differential pressure gauge 压差计differential protection 差动保护differentiator module 微分器组件diffuser plate （堆内构件）流量分配板diffusion theory 扩散理论digital inpu t数字输入digital voltmeter module 数字电压表组件digital/analog (D/A) converter 数/模转换器dilution factor 稀释因子direct burial 直埋direct inward dialing (DID) 直接拨入direction interlocking circuit 方向联锁电路directory 目录discharge burn-up 卸料燃耗discharge 卸料disconnect button 拆卸钮disconnect rod 拆卸杆dished pellet 碟型芯块disk 磁盘disk operation system 磁盘操作系统dispersed flow 弥散流display frame 显示帧幅display operation system (显示)操作器distributed network 分布式网络distribution cabinet 分配柜distribution system 配水管网（系统）DNB heat flux DNB 热流密度document change 文件变更document control manager 文件管理经理document preparation 文件编制document review 文件审查domestic water yard pipe network system生活给水厂区管路系统Doppler effect 多普勒效应dose commitment 剂量负担dose equivalent commitment 剂量当量负担dose rate conversion factor 剂量率转换因子double ended break （管导）双断断裂double hook 双钩double-pole single-throw (DPST) switch双极单掷开关down-hand welding 平焊draft standard for approval 标准报批稿drain flash tank 疏水膨胀箱drain tank 疏水箱drawing 图纸drawing volume list 图册目录drip pan 集油盘drive shaft assembly 驱动轴部件drop time 落棒时间droplet entraiment 液滴夹带dry bulb temperature 干球温度dry-insulated transformer 干式绝缘变压器dryer (drier) 干燥器dryout 干涸dual-frequency simplex operation共频单工操作ductwork 管网duplication 复制，转储dye penetration examination (inspection)着色渗透检查distributed computer system 分布式计算机系统distribution box 配电箱distribution list 分发清单division 篇document approval 文件批准document control 文件管理document distribution 文件分发document retention 文件保存domestic sewage 生活污水domestic water 生活用水Doppler coefficient 多普勒系数dose assessment 剂量评价dose equivalent 剂量当量dose equivalent limit 剂量当量限值dosimeter reader 剂量计读出器double fume chamber and hood 双位通风柜double period 倍增周期double-pulse generation 双脉冲发生器double reeling system 双卷绕系统downstream 下游draft standard for examination 标准送审稿drain recovery tank 疏水回收箱drawer 抽屉drawing list 图纸目录drift flux 漂移流目录drive shaft 驱动轴drive unit 驱动机构droplet 液滴drum 卷筒dry deposition 干沉降dry-type transformer 干式变压器drying oven 干燥箱，烘干箱，烘箱，干燥炉dual trace oscilloscope 双踪示波器dual-tone multi-frequency (DTMF) 双音多频duct 风管duplex transceiver 双工收发信机duration time 持续时间dynamic analysis 动态分析dynamic equilibrium 动态平衡dynamic instability 动力学不稳定性earth leakage protection 接地保护earthing 接地earthing system 接地系统earthquake subsidence 震陷ejector 喷射器，排放管effective dose equivalent 有效剂量当量effective flow rate 有效流量effluent radiation monitoring system排出流辐射监测系统(rod) ejection accident 弹棒事故elastic scattering 弹性散射electric dispatch network 电力调度网electric heater 电加热器electric monorail hoist 单轨电动葫芦electrical building 电气厂房electrical building cooler system电气厂房循环冷风机组electrical building ventilation system电气厂房通风系统electrical conduit 引出线管electrical penetration 电气贯穿件electromagnetic braker 电磁制动器electro-slag remelting 电渣重熔electro-sound telephone system 检修电话系统electrotechnical box 电气箱ellipse head 椭球形封头emergency announcement 紧急通知emergency control room system 应急控制室系统emergency diesel generator building water supply and drainage system 应急柴油发电机厂房给排水系统emergency disk brake 应急盘式制动器emergency drain 应急疏水emergency feedwater tank 应急给水箱emergency outlet 事故排出口dynamic balance 动态平衡dynamic head 动压头dynamic parameter 动态参数earth return 大地回馈earthing resistance 接地电阻earthquake 地震editor 程序编辑effective delayed neutron fraction缓发中子有效份额effective full power days (EFPD)等效满功率天egg crate grid （SG）蛋篓型格架ejector 抽气气electret microphone 驻极体传声器electric furnace 电炉electric horn 电喇叭electric-hydraulic actuating brake电磁液压制动器electric building smoker exhaust system电气厂房排烟系统electrical building water supply and drainage system电气厂房给排水系统electrical panel 配电屏electroacoustic component 电声元件electromagnetic flowmeter 电磁流量计electro-slag remelting process 电渣重熔工艺eletronic pocket dosimeter 电子式袖珍剂量计elevation 立面图embedded part 预埋件emergency boration 紧急硼化emergency core cooling 应急堆芯冷却emergency diesel generator room ventilation system应急柴油机厂房通风系统emergency diesel generation system应急柴油发电机系统emergency exposure 应急照射emergency oil pump 应急油泵emergency power 应急电源emergency power source (or supply)应急电源emergency telephone system应急自动电话系统emergency trip time 紧急停堆时间enclosed motor 封闭式电动机，防水电动机end of life (EOL) 寿期末end truck 端梁end-of travel limit switch 行程终端限位开关energization 通电energy level 能级energy response 能量响应engineer station 工程师站engineering company 工程公司engineering enthalpy rise factor工程焓升因子engineering manual 工程手册enriched 富集的，加浓的，浓缩的enriched uranium富集铀，加浓铀，浓缩铀enrichment 富集度，加浓度，浓缩度enthalpy rise factor 焓升因子enthalpy rise uncertainty factor焓不确定因子environmental qualification 环境鉴定environmental monitoring vehicle环境监测车epicenter （地震）震中equilibrium enrichment 平衡富集度（浓度）equipment hatch 设备闸门equipotential connection 等电压连接equivalent diameter 当量直径escape rate coefficient 逃脱率系数essential chilled water system重要冷冻水系统essential service water pump 重要厂用水泵essential service water yard pipe network system 重要厂用水厂区管路系统evaporator 蒸发器event 事件examination 检验excess letdown heat exchanger过剩下泄热交换器emergency shutdown 紧急停堆emergency transfer equipment应急电源转换设备end of cycle 循环末end plug 端塞end of erection state report 安装完工报告end-window counter 钟罩型计数器energy group 能群energy resolution 能量分辨率energy spectrum 能谱engineering heat flux hot spot factor工程热通量热点因子engineering factor 工程因子engineering heat flux hot channel factor工程热通量热管因子enriched fuel 富集燃料，加浓燃料enriched uranium reactor 富集铀反应堆enthalpy rise engineering hot channel factor焓升工程热管因子entrainment 夹带environmental monitoring 环境监测environmental assessment (EA) 环境评价environmental quality (EQ) 环境质量epithermal neutron 超热中子equilibrium poisoning 平衡中毒equipment list 设备明细表equivalent core diameter 堆芯等效直径erosion corrosion 磨损腐蚀escape 泄漏，逃脱essential service water intake filteration system 重要厂用水取水过滤系统essential service water pumping station system 重要厂用水泵房系统evaporative air cooling (EA V) unit。
核电专业词汇表(中英文)
部件或系统在执行其设计功能时所持续的总时间。
行为形成因子
在 PSA 的人员可靠性分析中所考虑的影响人误概率的因素，包括：
40 Performance shaping 人员的培训水平、程序的质量/可用性、实施某项操作的可用时间、
factor，PSF
操作的环境等。
在事故进程以及安全壳或专设安全设施的可用响应方面具有相似
ANS － 美国核学会 ASEP － 事故序列评价程序 ASME － 美国机械工程师学会 ATWS － 未能紧急停堆的预期瞬态 CCF － 共因事件 CCI － 共因始发事件 CDF － 堆芯损坏频率 EOP/AOP － 应急操作规程/异常操作规程 FMEA － 故障模式和影响分析 HFE － 人员失误事件 HLRs － 总体要求 HRA － 人员可靠性分析 HVAC － 暖通空调系统 IAEA － 国际原子能机构 V-LOCA － 一回路接口系统冷却剂丧失事故 LERF － 早期大量释放频率 LOCA － 冷却剂丧失事故 LOOP － 厂外电源丧失 MOV － 电动阀 NEI － 美国核能研究所 NPSH － 净正吸入压头 NRC － 美国核管会 PSA/PRA － 概率安全(风险)评价 PSF － 行为形成因子 PWR － 压水堆 RAW － 风险增加值 RCS/RCP － 反应堆冷却剂系统 RHR － 余热排出系统 RRI － 设备冷却水系统 SAR － 安全分析报告
模化的事故序列
2
Accident sequence
modeled
事故序列分析
3
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核工程专业英语词汇(整理版)
核工程专业英语词汇(整理版)本文档旨在整理核工程专业常用的英语词汇，以帮助读者更好地理解和运用相关领域的英语术语。
1. Nuclear engineering - 核工程2. Nuclear power plant - 核电站3. Reactor - 反应堆4. Nuclear n - 核裂变5. Nuclear n - 核聚变6. active - 放射性的7. e - 同位素8. Criticality - 临界性9. n - 辐射10. n - 污染11. active waste - 放射性废物12. Shielding - 屏蔽13. n dose - 辐射剂量14. Nuclear safety - 核安全15. Emergency preparedness - 应急准备17. Nuclear fuel - 核燃料18. Nuclear ___ - 核燃料循环19. ___ - 核废物处理20. Nuclear n - 核能监管21. ___ - 核扩散22. Nuclear accident - 核事故23. Nuclear security - 核安全24. Nuclear medicine - 核医学25. logy - 放射科学26. Nuclear physics - 核物理学27. ___ - 核能28. Neutron - 中子29. Gamma ray - 伽玛射线30. Alpha particle - 阿尔法粒子以上为部分核工程专业英语词汇，希望能对您有所帮助。
如需进一步了解相关术语和概念，请参考专业教材或相关文献。
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1.1. 原子核、核子及相关术语质子proton中子neutron电子electron核子nucleon核nucleus （pl.）nuclei 原子atom光子photon正电子positron量子quantum, quanta (pl.) 电子伏特electron-volt (eV) 兆电子伏特mega electron-volt (MeV) 同位素isotope原子序数atomic number质量数mass number超铀元素transuranium element元素周期表periodic table热中子thermal neutron快中子fast neutron复合核compound nucleus1.2. 相关元素与材料1.2.1.核燃料与增殖材料铀uranium（U）钚plutonium（Pu）氘，重氢deuterium，heavy hydrogen氚tritium混合氧化物燃料（MOX燃料）Mixed (Uranium and Plutonium) OXide fuel二氧化铀uranium dioxide浓缩铀enriched uranium贫铀depleted uranium 碳化铀uranium carbide钍thorium锂lithium锕系元素actinide element易裂变的fissile可裂变的、可裂变物质fissionable 增殖同位素fertile isotope核嬗变nuclear transmutation转化conversion1.2.2.其它核材料及核电厂用材料慢化剂moderator轻水light water重水heavy water石墨graphite冷却剂coolant氦helium液态金属liquid metal钠sodium包壳cladding铝aluminium镁magnesium锆zirconium锆2/4合金zircaloy-2/4不锈钢stainless steel控制材料control material通量展平flux-shaping银silver铟indium镉cadmium可燃毒物burnable poison硼boron硼酸boric acid锂lithium铍beryllium乏燃料spent fuel因科镍，因康INCONEL不锈钢stainless steel 1.3. 核反应及相关术语decay衰变fission裂变fusion聚变nuclear reaction核反应chain reaction链式反应cross section截面microscopic cross section微观截面macroscopic cross section宏观截面absorbing cross section吸收截面scattering cross section散射截面barn靶恩delayed neutron缓发中子prompt neutron瞬发中子prompt criticality瞬发临界fissile易裂变的fissionab可裂变的lemorderate / slow down慢化breeding ratio增殖比burnup燃耗reactivity反应性neutron cycle中子循环fission product裂变产物criticality临界prompt critical瞬发临界flux通量xenon氙iodine碘actinide锕系（元素）reactivity worth反应性价值慢化剂温度系数 moderator temperature coefficient反应性系数 reactivity coefficient剩余反应性 excess reactivity燃料比功率 fuel specific power倍增因子multiplication factor有效增殖系数effective multiplication factor；effective multiplication constant无限介质增殖系数infinite multiplication factor；infinite multiplication constant快中子增殖系数fast fission factor热中子利用系数thermal utilization factor不泄漏几率nonleakage probability逃脱共振俘获几率resonance escape probability四因子公式four-factor formula多普勒增宽Doppler broadening*总集成中子通量/总积分中子通量Total Integrated Neutron Flux = Integrated Flux or Fluence (注量) = Neutron density ⨯ Velocity ⨯Time [单位：n/m3⋅ m/s ⋅ s = n/m2]1.4. 反应堆压水堆Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR)沸水堆Boiling Water Reactor (BWR)加拿大重水铀反应堆（坎杜堆）CANadian Deuterium and Uranium reactor (CANDU) / pressurized heavy water reactor (PHWR)英国气冷堆（美诺克斯堆）British gas-cooled Magnox reactor高温气冷堆high temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR)快中子增殖反应堆fast breeder reactor (FBR)轻水堆Light Water Reactor (LWR)先进反应堆advanced reactor超临界水反应堆supercritical water reactor欧洲压水堆（第三代反应堆之一）European Pressurized water Reactor (EPR) （美国）先进压水堆600/1000（第三代(+)反应堆之一）AP(WR)600 / 10001.5. 核电厂部件、设备与系统燃料芯块fuel pellet燃料元件fuel element燃料棒fuel rod燃料组件fuel assembly定位格架spacer grid法兰flange密封环seal ring阻力塞plug(上/下)腔室(upper / lower ) plenum堆芯，活性区core反应堆压力容器Reactor Pressure V essel (RPV)上封头upper closure head液压螺栓拉伸机(张紧机) hydraulic stud tensioner包覆层clad (碳钢表面的防腐蚀堆焊层) 控制棒control rod控制棒组件Control Element Assembly (CEA)可燃吸收棒burnable absorber rod控制棒驱动机构Control Element Drive Mechanism (CEDM)变送器transmitter信号调理signal regulation吊篮barrel进/出口接管inlet / outlet nozzle冷/热端，冷/热腿，冷/热管段cold / hot leg 反应堆堆内构件reactor vessel internals肿胀swelling腐蚀corrode, corrosion 侵蚀erode, erosion氧化oxidation, oxidize完整性integrity反应堆冷却剂泵（主泵）Reactor Coolant Pump (RCP)屏蔽泵canned (motor) pump轴封泵shaft seal pump反应堆冷却剂系统（一回路系统）Reactor Coolant System (RCS)核蒸汽供应系统Nuclear Steam Supply System (NSSS)一回路primary loop/circuit一回路系统/主回路系统primary system二回路secondary loop稳压器pressurizer (PRZ)波动管surge line汽水分离器moisture separator干燥器（二/三级汽水分离器）steam dryer 安全阀safety valve卸压阀relief valve溢流阀overflow valve主蒸汽隔离阀main steam isolation valve单向阀check valve止回阀non-return valve主蒸汽联箱main steam header给水调节阀feed regulating valve蒸汽发生器Steam Generator (SG)主蒸汽管Main Steam Line (MSL)汽轮机steam turbine汽水分离再热器Moisture Separator Reheater (MSR)给水泵feed (water) pump上充泵charging pump凝汽器condenser发电机(electric) generator安全壳containment地基，基础foundation烟道stack贯穿件penetration核岛nuclear island常规岛conventional island核电厂配套子项Balance of Plant (BOP)一回路辅助系统auxiliary system for primary loop化学与容积控制系统（化容系统）Chemical and V olume Control System (CVCS)专设安全设施Engineered Safety Feature (ESF)余热排出系统Residual Heat-Removal System (RHRS)应急堆芯冷却系统Emergency Core Cooling System (ECCS),安注系统Safety Injection (SI) System直接注射系统direct vessel injection (DVI) 换料水箱Refueling Water Storage Tank (IRWST) (乏)燃料贮存水池(spent) fuel storage pool 燃料装卸系统fuel handling system蓄压箱accumulator机组unit辅助喷淋auxiliary spray柴油发电机Diesel generator自动保护系统Automatic Protective System (APS)自动降压系统automatic depressurization system (ADS)仪控系统Instrumentation and Control System (I & C system)开关设备，开关柜switch gear蒸汽轴封系统，压盖蒸汽密封系统gland steam system汽轮机旁路管turbine bypass line辅助给水泵auxiliary feedwater pump汽动给水泵turbine driven feedwater pump 导管conduit冷凝水泵condensate pump冷凝水增压泵condensate booster pump水润滑轴承water lubricated bearing人孔man way检修孔accessory port1.6. 反应堆运行运行operation运行工况operating condition操纵员operator维护maintenance监督、监视surveillance监督试样surveillance specimen辐照监督管irradiation surveillance capsule 辐照监督试样盒surveillance specimen compartment 硼浓度boron concentration稀释dilution / dilute硼注入 boron injection停堆shutdown紧急停堆scram / trip停役outage换料停堆refueling outage / refueling shutdown换料refuel卸料 discharge倒料 shuffling满功率运行full power operation负荷跟踪load following甩负荷load shedding, load rejection(控制棒等的)插入insertion(控制棒等的)抽出withdrawal反应堆调节系统Reactor Regulating System (RRS)(蒸汽发生器)排污、下泄blowdown规程procedure技术规格technical specification瞬态，瞬变transient安装调试installation and commissioning 冷态试验 cold functional test热态试验 hot functional test(反应堆)启动试验(reactor) start up test退役decommissioning主控室main control room方位角偏差azimuthal tilt径向功率分布radial power distribution轴向功率分布axial power distribution燃料管理方案fuel management scheme燃料-包壳交互作用fuel-clad interaction effect芯块-包壳交互作用(PCI) pellet-clad interaction(燃料)栅格、晶格lattice1.7. 反应堆安全核安全nuclear safety安全功能 safety function衰变热decay heat余热residual heat空泡系数void coefficient法律law法规regulation / code联邦管理法规Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)法案（美）Act导则guidance安全1/2/3级safety class 1/2/3可靠性reliability容限，裕量，边界margin堆芯热裕量core thermal margin堵管裕量tube plugging margin运行安全裕量operating margin标准，准则criterion，复数形式: criteria概率安全分析Probabilistic Safety Analysis (PSA)概率风险分析Probabilistic Risk Analysis (PRA)确定论安全分析deterministic safety analysis初步安全分析报告Preliminary Safety Analysis Report (PSAR)最终安全分析报告Final Safety Analysis Report (FSAR)安全评价报告safety evaluation report事件incident事故accident后果consequence严重事故severe accident堆芯损毁core damage堆芯融化core meltdown全厂断电station blackout冷却剂丧失事故（失水事故）Loss-of-coolant Accident (LOCA)反应性引入事故Reactivity Insertion Accident (RIA)未能紧急停堆的预计瞬变Anticipated Transient Without Scram (ATWS)失电Loss of Power失流Loss of flow先漏后破leak before break (LBB)故障安全，失效保护fail-safe单一故障准则single-failure criterion共因故障common cause failure固有安全性inherent safety非能动安全passive safety冗余性redundancy多样性diversity多层屏障multiple barrier纵深防御defense in depth潜热latent heat焓，热函sensible heat, enthalpy定期安全检查periodic safety inspection许可证license监管regulation核安全准则nuclear safety criteria三哩岛事故Three Mile Island (TMI) accident切尔诺贝利事故Chernobyl accident 工作不正常，故障malfunction失效failure假设始发事件postulated initiating events 事故工况accident condition严重事故severe accident事故处理accident management设计基准事故design basis accident负荷丧失事故loss of electrical load accident主给水丧失事故loss of main feed water accident卡棒事故stuck rod accident弹棒事故rod ejection accident堵管裕量tube plugging margin管道甩摆限制pipe whip restraint在役检查inservice inspection承压热冲击pressurized thermal shock1.8. 放射性与辐射防护radioactivity放射性scatter散射deflect, deflection折射衍射diffraction穿透penetrate, penetration交互作用interact, interaction ionization电离湮灭annihilate (v.), annihilation (n.) 衰减attenuate(v.), attenuation(n.) projectile入射离子radiation protection辐射防护radiation, ray辐射，射线irradiation辐照，（向外）辐射internal exposure内照射external exposure外照射occupational dose职业照射（剂量）fluence注量cosmic ray宇宙射线x-ray X射线α/β/γ射线α/β/γrayhealth physics保健物理shielding屏蔽biological shield生物屏蔽剂量dosedose equivalent剂量当量collective dose集体剂量individual dose个人剂量ingest, ingestion摄入，摄取inhale, inhalation吸入coma昏迷cramp绞痛diarrhea腹泻tremor颤抖vomit呕吐somatic身体的somatic effect躯体反应radiation sickness辐照病变symptom征兆therapy治疗survivor幸存者activation product活化产物effluent废水natural background天然本底sivert希弗spectrum谱雷姆rem氡radon as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) 合理可行尽量低radioactive waste disposal放射性废物处理high-level (radioactive) waste高放废物low-level (radioactive) waste低放废物1.9. 有关机构International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) 国际原子能机构American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) 美国机械工程师学会Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC/USNRC) 美国核管会Department Of Energy (DOE) 美国能源部World Association of Nuclear Operators (W ANO) 世界核电运营者协会International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) 国际辐射防护委员会China Atomic Energy Authority （CAEA）中国国家原子能机构State Environment Protection Administration of China国家环保总局1.10. 其它术语1.10.1.表示方向lateral横向longitudinal纵向radial径向perpendicular to垂直于vertically mounted垂直/立式安装circumferential环向axial轴向periphery周边1.10.2.材料失效术语corrosion腐蚀stress corrosion cracking应力腐蚀开裂rapture, fracture, break断裂breach破口肿胀swellingcavitation气蚀pitting点蚀/孔蚀crevice corrosion缝隙腐蚀erosion冲蚀FAC flow accelerated corrosion流动加速腐蚀wastage耗蚀(SG tube) dent凹陷，凹痕fatigue疲劳ageing老化degradation降级wear磨损fretting wear微动磨损creep蠕变stress应力strain应变creep strength蠕变强度tensile strength抗拉强度yield strength屈服强度rapture strength断裂强度nil-ductility transition temperature零延性转变温度thermal stress热应力irradiation swelling辐照肿胀deposit welding, overlaying, build-up welding,surface welding堆焊seal weld密封焊heat affected zone (HAZ) 焊接热影响区1.10.3.核电工程术语procurement征购site厂址call for bid, call for tender招标commercial offer商务标technical offer技术标commencement开工contract合同firm contract不可更改的合同subcontract分包合同commitment承诺，任务job site工地，工作现场technical requirement 技术要求技术规格technical specificationnon-conformance不符合项delivery交货warehouse仓库construction schedule施工计划Free on Board (FOB) 离岸价格Cost Insurance and Freight (CIF) 到岸价格Engineering, Procurement & Construction EPC合同-设计采购建造power grid电网distribution system输变电系统1.10.4.其它compound化合物mixture混合物mass质量momentum动量energy能量potential (energy) 势能kinetic energy动能inertia惯性half-life半衰期mean free path平均自由程fuel cycle燃料循环hot spot热点hot-channel factor热管因子departure from nucleate boiling ratio (DNBR) 偏离泡核沸腾比heat transfer传热heat exchanger换热器heat conduction导热convection对流热辐射thermal / heat radiation干度quality蒸汽steam预应力钢筋混凝土prestressed reinforced concrete / prestressed concrete钢筋混凝土reinforced concrete铁钢沙混凝土Steel shot concret筋，钢筋束tendon流量分配flow distribution电网power grid业主utility承包商contractor分包商sub-contractor压降pressure drop压差differential pressure水位(water) level规定，条款；保障；装备provision地震earthquake地震的seismic飓风tornado暖通空调Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HV AC)热阱heat sink惰转coastdown惰转流量coastdown flow功率失常激增，功率漂移power excursion 减轻，缓解v. mitigate, n. mitigation公差、容差allowance间隙，公差clearance权重因子weighting factor 1.11. 有必要了解的词汇与短语as a rule of thumb根据经验by orders of magnitude以数量级incipient failure早期故障, 初期故障eliminate, elimination消除derive, derivation, deduce, deduction导出，起源mechanism, approach, principle, theory机理，原理susceptible敏感的susceptibility敏感性toxic有毒的acute急剧的inherit遗传hereditary遗传性的altitude高度postulate, postulation假定，假设permeable可渗透的, 有渗透性的impermeable不可渗透的brittle fracture脆性破裂embrittlement脆化toughness韧性ductility延展性第2章阅读理解题练习2.1. Passage 1As a result reactor designers have paid great attention to the inherent safety of reactors which can be achieved by negative temperature and power coefficients and fail-safe control systems. It can be said with some confidence that present-day thermal reactors are safe in the sense that under no conceivable circumstance can they explode like a bomb, and control systems have been designed which can, in the event of any malfunction on the part of the reactor or its associated plant, automatically and rapidly shut down the reactor, i.e. make it subcritical by a substantial amount, in a very few seconds.1. According to the paragraph, inherent safety of reactors can be achieved by . （C）A. the operators;B. positive temperature and positive power coefficients;C. negative temperature and negative power coefficients;D. passive safety system and positive power coefficients.2. The best title of the passage may probably be . （D）A. fail-safe control system；B. thermal reactor safety and operation;C. automatic protective system;D. inherent safety design of reactors.2.2. Passage IIThe biological shield should contain some hydrogen compound to slow down fast neutrons, and be dense enough to attenuate gamma radiation effectively. Concrete satisfies both these requirements fairly well and is suitable for landbase reactors. Barytes (重晶石) concrete, containing the heavy element barium, and steel-shot concrete have been used for biological shields. They are more dense than ordinary concrete, with improved shielding properties, however their higher cost offsets this advantage. The biological shield for a marine reactor, which is usually a fairly compact pressurized water reactor, must satisfy a minimum space and weight requirement. This leads to a shield design which consists typically of alternate layers of water (for fast neutron slowing) and steel (for gamma ray attenuation).3. According to the above passage, is not possible for constructing biological shield? （C）A. steel;B. concrete;C. graphite;D. paraffin wax.4. Which of the following sentences is not true? （D）A. The biological shield is designed mainly to slow down fast neutrons and attenuate gamma radiation.B. The marine reactor uses alternative steel and water layers as its biological shield.C. The combination of heavy element concrete and steel bars could improve the shielding properties.D. The biological shield should use hydrogen element to slow down fast neutron and attenuate gamma radiations.2.3. Passage IIIIn order to mitigate the effects of large release of steam (an potentially of radioactivity) in the containment, two full capacity independent safety systemsare provided; the reactor building spray system and the reactor building emergency coolers. The systems are designed to provide cool water to condense discharge steam and to prevent containment pressure from reaching its design limit. Individual systems differ considerably but a typical system may be described as follows; The initial capacity of the systems in removing heat from the containment atmosphere is typically 253GJ/hr.When a containment pressure of 4psig is reached, the emergency coolers of the reactor building are actuated. In their post accident mode, the system consists of three units each with a fan and an emergency cooler. As the reactor building air is circulated across a tubular heat exchanger, a portion of steam is condensed. These coolers alone would be capable of returning the containment pressure to near atmospheric within 24 hr after an accident. When the pressure reaches a level of 10 psig, the second safety system, the reactor building spray system, is automatically actuated. It consists of a pump, piping, headers, and spray nozzles arranged uniformly under the containment dome. It can spray borated water into the reactor building at a rate of 11.35m3/min. A sodium hydroxide additive is also provided in the spray water to increase the retention of iodine, and hence, to reduce its concentration in the containment atmosphere in the event of a sizable breach of fuel cladding.5. Two full capacity independent safety systems are provided for the design purpose of . （A）A. condensing the steam released into the containment when pressure exceeds design limit.B. maintaining the high pressure in the containmentC. discharging large amount of steamD. mitigating the effect of radiation hazard to the containment.6. The reactor building spray system will be actuated automatically . （C）A. after 24 hours after the accident;B. immediately after the accident;C. when the containment pressure reaches a level of design limit;D. when the air in the containment is circulated through the heat exchanger.7. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? （B）A. The emergency cooler consists of fans and heat exchangers.B. The emergency cooler system can spray borated water into containment.C. All the two system are applied for returning the containment pressure tobe blow atmospheric after the accident.D. Sodium hydroxide additive is provided in the spray water to reduce the amount of radioactive fission produces.2.4. Passage IVMany reactor-years of operating experience have shown that it is not the fission chain reaction in the reactor core that is the most likely source of malfunction and accidents, but the “conventional”components of the power plant such as pumps, valves, switches, relays and parts under stress such as pressure vessel or pipework. Human error on the part of operating and maintenance staff has also proved to be a rather frequent source of trouble in nuclear power plant.These factors are not peculiar to nuclear power plant, but they assume great importance because of the hazardous nature of nuclear reactors. Designers have to ensure that all systems should as far as possible be fail-safe and redundant, i.e. if one system fails to function correctly, another is available to fulfill the same function.As stated above, nuclear reactors cannot explode like nuclear bombs. This primarily because of the fast acting negative thermal feedback due to Doppler broadening of the 238U absorption resonances. In addition in thermal reactors where neutrons are moderated, the prompt neutron lifetime Lp is the order of 10-4 second; in a bomb, since the neutrons are unmoderated, the prompt neuron lifetime is of the order of 10-8 seconds. Finally, reactor fuel consists typically of 2 to 3 percent 235U, where as nuclear weapons contain almost pure 239Pu. The net effect of these difference is that, even in a reactor which is totally out of control and gone prompt critical, the reactor period will not be much less than a second or so. In a nuclear bomb, the period is of the order of nanoseconds.(1)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error(2)The first sentence of second paragraph “These factors are not peculiar to …”,what does “These factors” mean?A.Human errorB.Malfunction of conventional componentsC.Fission chain reaction in the coreD.All of the above(3)What make the pressurized water reactors can not explode like a nuclear bomb?A.Doppler broadening of the 238U absorption resonancesB.The neutrons are moderatedC.PWR fuel contains much less fissile isotopes than nuclear bombD.All of the above(4)The last two sentences “The net effect of … is of the order of nanoseconds.” Givea comparison about the reactor period, what does the author most likely toexpress?A.The reactor period is too short comparing with a nuclear bombB.The 239Pu in a nuclear bomb is more easily to go prompt criticalityC.The nuclear reactor can not generate large amount of heat as a nuclear bombdoes within very short time, therefore nuclear reactor can not explode.D.The author wants to give us a reference about the data of the reactor periodtime.2.5. Passage VThe primary functions of the control rod drive mechanisms (CRDM) are to insert or withdraw rod cluster control assemblies and gray rod control assembles into or from the core to control average core temperature at a designed speed. A schematic diagram of CRDM is given in Fig 1. Control rod withdrawal one step involves six actions.1) Moveable Gripper Coil B-on.The latch-locking plunger rises andswings the movable gripper latchesinto the drive rod assembly groove. Asmall axial clearance exists betweenthe latch teeth and the drive rod.2) Stationary Gripper Coil A-off.The force of gravity, acting upon thedrive rod assembly and attachedcontrol rod, causes the stationarygripper and plunger to movedownward 1/16 inch, transferring theload of the drive rod assembly andattached control rod to the movablegripper latches. The plungerFig 1. Control rod drive mechanism continues to move downward andswings the stationary gripper latches out of the drive rod assembly groove.3) Lift Coil C-on. The 5/8-inch gap between the movable gripper pole and the lift pole closes, and the drive rod assembly rises one step length.4) Stationary Gripper Coil A-on. The plunger rises and rises the gap below the stationary gripper pole. The three links, pinned to the plunger, swing the stationary gripper latches into a drive rod assembly groove. The latches contact the drive rod assembly and lift it a small fraction of an inch. The small vertical drive rod assembly movement transfers the drive rod assembly load from the movable gripper latches to the stationary gripper latches.5) Movable Gripper Coil –off. The latch-locking plunger separates from the movable gripper pole under the force of a spring and gravity. Three links, pinned to the plunger, swing the three movable gripper latches out of the drive rod assembly groove.6) Lift Coil C –off. The gap between the movable gripper pole and the life pole opens. The movable gripper latches drop 5/8 inch to a position adjacent to a drive rod assemble groove.Repetition of the above six actions will make another step of withdrawal movement of control rod.(1)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error(2)According to the text, the most likely source of troubles in a nuclear comes fromA.Core of the reactorB.Conventional componentsC.Parts under stressD.Human error第3章句子翻译－举例3.1. Which 从句(1)The atoms of all elements, which at one time were thought to be thefundamental particles of nature, consist of numbers of three more fundamental particles-protons, neutrons and electrons. 曾经被认为是自然界中基础粒子的原子是由多个更基础的粒子组成－质子、中子和电子。