北京林业大学博士生入学考试英语考试大纲
北京林业大学博士生入学考试
北京林业大学博士生入学考试英语考试大纲一、总述北京林业大学博士生入学考试，由教育部批准并授权组织进行。
凡具备教育部规定的申请博士学位的人员均可报名参加。
考生报考的专业不同，但均参加统一的博士生英语入学考试。
北京林业大学博士生入学英语考试时间为180分钟，试题总分为100分，设有听力、词汇、阅读、概括、翻译、写作六种题型。
听力考试完毕，连续进行笔试部分，不分时间段。
考题以一般社交内容、综合人文知识、科普常识和社会热点问题为语言素材，重在考查考生用语言进行社交和各项科研活动的能力。
考前在网上公布题型、题量、分数分布、考试时间，以及应试技巧说明。
同时向考生提供《北京林业大学博士生入学考试模拟英语试题集》，有十套样题，帮助参加入学考试的人员熟悉考试形式、了解考试难度，并对语言素材的范围也有一定感性认识。
试题集12月下旬可向主楼213购买。
二.题型及比重分布北京林业大学博士生入学英语考试共分为六部分，详述如下：1．听力：20分共20题，每题1分。
分为三个部分。
第一部分9分，9段简短对话。
每段对话之后，提出一个问题（录音形式），考生从试卷上给出的A、B、C、D四个答案中选择一个正确答案。
第二部分为6分，两段200-300字的讲话或长对话。
每段讲话或长对话后有三个问题（录音形式）。
考生从试卷上给出的A、B、C、D四个答案中选择一个正确答案。
第三部分为5分。
一段200-300字的讲话或长对话，后面有5个问题（录音形式）。
考生在卷面上做1-5个字的简要回答。
2．词汇：10分共20题，每题0.5分。
每题为一个句子，其中一个词为空白，考生从给出的A、B、C、D四个词语中选择一个正确的词。
3．阅读：30分共15题，每题2分。
阅读3篇300-350字的短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，考生从每个问题后面给出的A、B、C、D四个选择中挑选一个正确答案。
4．摘要：10分将1篇300词左右的英语短文改写成70－100词的英文摘要。
5．英译汉：10分将1篇200字的英语短文译成汉语。
考博英语考试大纲
总则同济《非英语专业博士研究生英语入学考试大纲》（English Entrance Test for Non-English Major Doctorate Students）是根据《非英语专业研究生英语教学大纲》制定的。
其目的是为了帮助考生更好地准备博士生英语入学考试；考核已修完硕士研究生英语学位课程的考生是否达到教学的各项要求及实际掌握运用英语的能力。
一、考试性质及要求专博士生入学英语考试的性质是一种水平考试，主要考核考生实际掌握和运用英语的能力。
教育部《硕士、博士研究生英语教学大纲》明确提出“博士生入学时，其英语水平原则上应达到或略高于硕士生的水平”。
应具有“熟练的阅读能力”、“较好的写作能力”和一定的听说能力。
业因此，博士生入学前应具有相应的外语水平，以适应博士生阶段的学习及研究工作的需要。
专二、考试内容正门本校博士英语入学考试以普通英语为主，题材涉及人物传记，社会风俗、文化、历史、科普等；体裁多样，包括叙述文、议论文、描写文、应用文、说明文等。
词汇量控制在5000—6000常用词（其中中学2000，大学3500，硕士生500—1000单词）。
考试难度略高于硕士入学考试及大学英语六级水平考试。
考试采用主观题、客观题结合的方式：主观题占45%，客观题占55%。
考试项目包括：听力15%；词汇15%；Cloze10%；阅读理解25%；翻译15%；写作20%；满分100分。
考试时间：180分钟，共96小题。
正门对面第一部分：听力理解（Part I：Listening Comprehension）（15%）共15题，考试时间20分钟。
包括三小节：Section A（5题）主要测试考生理解特定或具体信息的能力；考生根据听到的一段180—220词的独白或对话，填充表格中的空白。
录音材料播放两遍。
48号Section B（5题）：主要测试考生理解具体或总体信息的能力。
要求考生根据听到的一般280—320词的独白或对话，补全句子或简短回答问题。
北京林业大学研究生英语学位考听力、口语参考资料
北京林业大学研究生英语学位考听力参考资料Unit 1 HolidaysIntroduce one of your favorite holidays.Spring festival is my favorite holidays. I The festival is considered the most important one for Chinese people. It is on the first day of lunar year. It is also the day of reunion among family members. During these days, people would say "happy new year! or wish you make fortune! to each other. They would also visit their relatives and friends. Children would be given "red packets". Children would have more to eat and play than usual .Playing firecrackers is also a popular game for children.Unit 2 TravelIntroduce one of the tourist attractions in the world or China.The strange pines, absurd stones, sea of clouds and hot springs are the four wonders of Mt. Huangshan.Huangshan pines are seen in every corner of Mt. Huangshan. You will be amazed by their vitality and strength.Spectacular rocky peaks will inspire your imagination. Some look like human beings, animals or many other objects.The clouds are forever changing, from being like a mirror when all is calm to rolling waves when the wind is strong.To be able to refresh yourself in the hot springs on Mt. Huangshan must be one of the best ways of enjoyment and relaxation.Unit 3 EducationState your ideas on college education reforms in China.In China, college education has carried out reforms for several years. From the difficulty of graduates’ job hunting, we can see some problems on college education.First, it is good for college education paying more attention to students’ all-around development. But students always have an inaccurate recognition on it. They spend more time on campus activities and less time on specialty study. And their aim of study is just to get credits.Second, the exam in college especially the specialty exam is too easy compared to the need of application. If the colleges have strict standards for qualified graduates, maybe the students will study harder and master skills.Third, the college should provide as many practices as possible for students. The best way of study is to combine theory to practice. And it is the best method to examine the students’ level. Chinese education system has long been criticized of obliterating personality. The exam-oriented education ranked students more by their memory than creative minds. n being.Unit 4 TransportationTalk about the causes of Beijing’s traffic jams and some suggestions to solve the problem.1 With people's needs for transport facilities increasing substantially over the past few years,the road network in Beijing is far from rational. Population increasing2 In Beijing, most of the important political, commercial and cultural locations are concentrated in the area within the Fourth Ring Road and this is a root cause of today's heavy traffic load, according to Liu.3 private cars increasingSuggestions1.The commission is also working on plans to strengthen administration of both the transport industry and traffic order, 4 at the same time fostering a modern traffic consciousness among citizens.2 public transport using3 Construction of road infrastructure ,just like the overpass 4Unit 5 ComputersIs the booming of the Internet a blessing or a curse?On the positive side, the emergence of the Internet to make person-to-person communication more convenient in various forms.People could send E-mail,chat though instant messenger and logon the bbs to find the people they want to talk as well as to get useful information they need.Take ourselves for examples, if we are going to write thesis,we haveto search for lots of papers already been published.In this way it made our work easier.Another advantage is the online shops.Because there is no more rent, water and electricity fees topay,maybe the online shopping will be a bit cheaper.On the other side,we also have to admit that the network has brought us a number of negative factors. The Internet is inundated with ungraceful pictures and videos.At the sametime due to the well-developed search engines, it is easy to divulge private information.In China, "human meat search" is well-known for figuring out some bad guys have done bad things.Just because they have left few pieces information, a group of specilized people would find out their name, age, address or even their primary school report card.Online shopping also have disadvantages,for example, you can't try on the clothes or the shoes you want to buy,thereare online cheating and so much trouble in rejecting the goods.Unit 6 EnvironmentTalk about a major environmental problem in China.Nowadays the urgent environmental problem faced in China is connected with the water. Although from the whole nation China is rich in water resources, the average water consumption per person is only 1/4 compared with the world average level. According a recent survey,bothcities and villeges are suffered from water shortage, about 400 out of 660 cities lack water,with 136 having reported sever water shortage. The distribution of water resources is also not balancing, the south faces floods, while the north is drought.Not only lack in quantity, but also significant problem in the quality. Now the country is facing the fact that in partial improvement but overall still devastating. Water pollution could cause many other things,such as the sequencing environmental pollution, strained water resources and other public hazards.I remember in 2005,the leak of a chemical factory polluted the Songhuajiang.Not only affected the Chinese, but also neiboring Russian residents. The goverment paid a lot on this accident.Unit 7 SportsWhat has the Olympics 2008 brought to Beijing?In my own opinion,there are both positive and negtive influences to China.Because of the long history and bright culture,many foreigners are astonished by the 2008 Olympics opening ceremony.And there is no doubt that excellent jobs done by the numerous volunteers also win their deserved respects.Fortunately, I was a volunteer working at......Of course,the game brought many unfavorable memories.During the Olympics,there were many traffic restrictions and lots of the citizens had to change their schedual to go to work...The increasing numble of tourists also caused a heavy burden to the environment. Spent a lot of human and material resources,Inevitable wastage,Unit 8 Food and RestaurantsMake some comments on Chinese food and its culture.China is a country of great population,long history as well as vast territory.Due to the diversity of the climate,products and customs,there are widely different food styles and taste in local regions.There are four major dishes enjoy upper reputation.Color smelting taste is the features of Chinese food. Vivid kinds of restaurants judgement to a personUnit 9 Science and TechnologyDescribe one of your favorite scientific inventions widely used in life.NotebookUnit 10 JobsMake some comments on the difficulty of job hunting for college graduates.From the subjective aspects, there are two major facors resulting from the phenomenon.In myopinion,the key problem is that many graduates waste their time in colleges,and don't learn anything useful for their career.They lack ablities, so they can't find a job.I don't belive the student who done an excellent work both in study and social activities would acknowledge hard to find a occupation after graduate.I do not deny that the objective facts also exist.The high enrollment of college education cause the diploma less and less valuable.And also it is a pitty that the world economy is in the depreesion.Many cooperations reduce their bussiness which means not only they would downsizing there scale,but also recruit less employees。
北京林业大学翻译硕士MTI专业学位招生报考“英语笔译”专业入学考试大纲及参考书目.doc
北京林业大学翻译硕士MTI专业学位招生报考“英语笔译”专业入学考试大纲及参考书目.doc2020年北京林业大学翻译硕士（MTI）专业学位招生报考“英语笔译”专业入学考试大纲及参考书目北京林业大学翻译硕士(MTI)专业学位“英语笔译”专业入学考试大纲供报考2020年北京林业大学翻译硕士专业学位“英语笔译”的考生复习使用。
一、考试目的本考试旨在全面考察考生的英汉双语综合能力及双语翻译能力，本校根据考生参加本考试的成绩和《政治理论》的成绩总分（满分共计500分），参考全国统一录取分数线来选择参加复试的考生。
二、考试的性质与范围本考试是英语笔译翻译硕士专业学位研究生的入学资格考试，除全国统考分值100分的第一单元《政治理论》之外，专业考试分为三门，分别是第二单元外国语考试《翻译硕士英语》，第三单元基础课考试《英语翻译基础》以及第四单元专业基础课考试《汉语写作与百科知识》。
《翻译硕士英语》重点考察考生的英语水平，总分100分。
《英语翻译基础》重点考察考生的英汉互译专业技能和潜质，总分150分。
《汉语写作和百科知识》重点考察考生的现代汉语写作水平和百科知识，总分150分。
三、考试基本要求1. 具有良好的英语基本功，掌握6,000个以上的英语积极词汇。
2. 具有较好的双语表达和转换能力及潜质。
3.具备一定的中外文化以及政治、经济、法律等方面的背景知识。
对作为母语的现代汉语有较强的写作能力。
四、考试形式本考试采取客观试题与主观试题相结合，试题在各项试题中的分布见各门“考试内容一览表”。
五、考试内容和参考书目见后面分别表述。
参考书仅供考试复习时学习和参考。
六、复试科目笔译：英汉互译，翻译基础知识，口语表达和视译357.《英语翻译基础》考试大纲一、考试目的《英语翻译基础》是英语笔译专业研究生入学考试的基础课考试科目，其目的是考察考生的英汉互译实践能力是否达到进入英语笔译学习阶段的水平。
二、考试性质及范围本考试是测试考生是否具备基础翻译能力的尺度参照性水平考试。
北京林业大学考博英语阅读真题解析
北京林业大学考博英语阅读真题解析Directions:In the following article,some sentences have been removed.ForQuestions41-45,choose the most suitable one from the list A-G tofit into each of the numbered blanks.There are two extra choices,which do not fit in any of the blanks.Mark your answers on ANSWERSHEET 1.(10points)The time for sharpening pencils,arranging your desk,and doingalmost anything else instead of writing has ended.The first draftwill appear on the page only if you stop avoiding the inevitable andsit,stand up,or lie down to write.(41)Be flexible.Your outline should smoothly conduct you from onepoint to the next,but do not permit it to railroad you.If a relevantand important idea occurs to you now,work it into the draft.(42)Grammar,punctuation,and spelling can wait until you revise.Concentrate on what you are saying.Good writing most often occurswhen you are in hot pursuit of an idea rather than in a nervous searchfor errors.（PS:The way to contact yumingkaobo TEL:si ling ling-liu liu ba-liu jiu qi ba QQ:772678537)(43)Your pages will be easier to keep track of that way,and,if you have to clip a paragraph to place it elsewhere,you will notlose any writing on the other side.If you are working on a word processor,you can take advantageof its capacity to make additions and deletions as well as move entireparagraphs by making just a few simple keyboard commands.Somesoftware programs can also check spelling and certain grammatical elements in your writing.(44)These printouts are also easier to read than the screen when you work on revisions.Once you have a first draft on paper,you can delete material that is unrelated to your thesis and add material necessary to illustrate your points and make your paper convincing.The student who wrote"The A&P as a State of Mind"wisely dropped a paragraph that questioned whether Sammy displays chauvinistic attitudes toward women.(45) Remember that your initial draft is only that.You should go through the paper many times-and then again-working to substantiate and clarify your ideas.You may even end up with several entire versions of the paper.Rewrite.The sentences within each paragraph should be related to a single topic.Transitions should connect one paragraph to the next so that there are no abrupt or confusing shifts. Awkward or wordy phrasing or unclear sentences and paragraphs should be mercilessly poked and prodded into shape.[A]To make revising easier,leave wide margins and extra space between lines so that you can easily add words,sentences,and corrections.Write on only one side of the paper.[B]After you have clearly and adequately developed the body of your paper,pay particular attention to the introductory and concluding paragraphs.It's probably best to write the introduction last,after you know precisely what you are introducing.Concluding paragraphs demand equal attention because they leave the reader witha final impression.[C]It's worth remembering,however,that though a clean copy fresh off a printer may look terrific,it will read only as well as the thinking and writing that have gone into it.Many writers prudently store their data on disks and print their pages each time they finish a draft to avoid losing any material because of power failures or other problems.[D]It makes no difference how you write,just so you do.Now that you have developed a topic into a tentative thesis,you can assemble your notes and begin to flesh out whatever outline you have made.[E]Although this is an interesting issue,it has nothing to do with the thesis,which explains how the setting influences Sammy's decision to quit his job.Instead of including that paragraph,she added one that described Lengel's crabbed response to the girls so that she could lead up to the A&P"policy"he enforces.[F]In the final paragraph about the significance of the setting in"A&P,"the student brings together the reasons Sammy quit his job by referring to his refusal to accept Lengel's store policies.[G]By using the first draft as a means of thinking about what you want to say,you will very likely discover more than your notes originally suggested.Plenty of good writers don't use outlines at all but discover ordering principles as they write.Do not attempt to compose a perfectly correct draft the first time around.本文由“育明考博”整理编辑。
北京林业大学信息学院考博真题-参考书-导师-分数线-育明考博
北京林业大学信息学院考博真题-参考书-导师-分数线一、北京林业大学考博资讯信息学院下设数字媒体教研室、计算机软件教研室、网络教研室、信息教研室、动画教研室、计算机实验教学中心等教学单位及团委、行政办公室两个行政单位。
计算机实验教学中心于2007年被评为北京市计算机实验教学示范中心，目前拥有设备先进的网络实验室、数字媒体实验室、软件综合实验室、嵌入式与计算机组成原理实验室以及面向全校的公共实验室。
目前设有信息管理与信息系统、计算机科学与技术、计算机科学与技术（物联网方向）、数字媒体艺术、动画、网络工程6个本科专业；具有计算机应用技术、计算机软件与理论、管理科学与工程、森林经理学信息管理方向、艺术设计学景观动画方向科学硕士学位授予权和森林经理学信息管理方向、林业装备工程数字林业方向博士学位授予权。
另具有工程硕士（软件工程、计算机技术）、农业推广（林业信息化方向）、艺术设计学位硕士授予权。
学院现有教职工67人，其中教授7人（博士生导师6人）、副教授20人、高级实验师2人。
学院承担了国家“十一五”科技支撑、国家“863”计划项目、国家自然科学基金项目等国家级、省部级和横向课题数十项，获得多项国家级、省部级科技奖，被国际三大索引（SCI、EI、ISTP）收录的科研论文近70余篇。
学院积极鼓励教师参加教学改革研究工作，近年来共主编、参编教材83余部，其中4部被评为北京市精品教材，1部被评为国家级精品教材；主编“十一五”国家级规划教材9部，主持和参加教改课题共计55余项，获北京市教学改革成果一等奖1项。
为充分提高学生的实践动手能力和就业竞争力，采用各种激励措施，鼓励学生参加科研、学术活动、各种数学建模竞赛、软件设计大赛、ACM编程大赛、“创e杯”、“电脑节”等系列活动。
2004年全国大学生电影节，《She belongs to me》荣获了“动画短片最受评委欢迎奖”，《毕业》荣获“故事短片鼓励奖”。
2005年在中国青年软件振兴计划“阿拉神灯杯”中国青年实用软件设计大赛中，粘土动画《笨虫死党》获“设计之星铜奖”。
北京林业大学生英语专业二外俄语大纲(2)
XX林业大学“外国语言文学”硕士研究生招生考试大纲（二外俄语）一、总述XX林业大学二外俄语为180分钟，试题总分为10０分，设有语音、词汇与语法、阅读理解、联词成句并翻译、汉译俄五种题型.二、题型及比重分布三、试卷具体描述1.语音:5分共５题,每题１分.每题为一个单词,在单词中一个或者几个字母下划线，考生写出划线字母的读音。
语音部分考题考查考生对俄语单词发音的掌握、根据单词发音的规则给出划线部分字母的真正发音.2.词汇和语法：２０分共20题,每题1分。
词语使用题和语法结构题XX约占二分之一。
每题为一个句子,其中一个词为空白，考生从给出的A、B、Ｃ三个词语中选择一个最合适的词语.词汇部分考题考查考生对词义的掌握、根据词的构成及上下文判定生词的词义、词语间的固定搭配以及近义词的辨义、形状近似词的辨义等。
语法部分主要考查考生正确运用语法规则的能力。
3.阅读理解：３０分共１５题，每题2分。
阅读材料为３—4篇短文，每篇短文后有若干个问题，要求考生从每个问题后面给出的A、Ｂ、C三个答案中选择一个最佳答案。
阅读部分是考查考生通过阅读获取信息的能力.能理解文章的主旨大意和具体信息。
既要求考生能准确理解所读文章，也要求一定的阅读速度。
４．联词成句并把句子翻译成汉语:30分共5题,每题6分。
阅读句子(句子中的单词都是原型）,不改变句子顺序,按照俄语语法规则对词语进行变化,并把句子翻译成汉语.联词成句主要考查考生综合运用词汇、语法的能力。
译成汉语主要考查考生原句并能用汉语准确表达其内容的能力,要求译文达意。
5。
汉译俄：1５分将５个句子翻译成俄语.每题3分．考查考生的书面表达能力。
能灵活应用常见句型进行造句。
四、参考书《俄语入门》上下册，周鼎、徐振新编,外研社。
2024年全国博士英语考试大纲
2024年全国博士英语考试大纲In 2024, the National English Doctoral Examination in China will continue to assess candidates' proficiency in English language skills, academic writing, critical thinking, and research abilities. The exam aims to evaluate candidates' readiness for doctoral studies in English-related fields and their potential to contribute to academic research and scholarship.The exam consists of four sections: listening comprehension, reading comprehension, writing, and speaking. Each section is designed to test different aspects of the candidates' English language abilities. The listening comprehension section assesses candidates' ability to understand spoken English in academic and professional contexts. Candidates will listen to a series of recordings and answer questions based on the content of the recordings.The reading comprehension section evaluates candidates' ability to understand and analyze written English texts. Candidates will read a variety of academic articles, essays, and reports, and answer questions that test their comprehension, interpretation, and critical thinking skills. This section also assesses candidates' ability to synthesize information from multiple sources and form coherent arguments.The writing section requires candidates to demonstrate their academic writing skills by completing a series of tasks, such as writing essays, research proposals, and literature reviews. Candidates are expected to present well-structured arguments, support their claims with evidence and examples, and demonstrate a strong command of academic English vocabulary and grammar.The speaking section assesses candidates' ability to communicate effectively in English. Candidates will participate in a series of speaking tasks, such as giving presentations, participating in group discussions, and responding to interview questions. This section evaluates candidates' fluency, pronunciation, vocabulary, and ability to express ideas clearly and coherently.Overall, the National English Doctoral Examination in 2024 aims to evaluate candidates' English language proficiency, critical thinking skills, and readiness for doctoral studies in English-related fields. Candidates are encouraged to prepare thoroughly for the exam by practicing listening, reading, writing, and speaking skills, familiarizing themselves with academic English texts, and honing their analytical and research abilities. Success in the exam will not only demonstrate candidates' academic potential but also pave the way for their future academic and professional success in English-related fields.。
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北京林业大学博士生入学考试
英语考试大纲
2012年6月
一、总述
北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试，由教育部批准并授权组织。
凡具备教育部规定的申请博士学位的人员均可报名参加。
考生报考的专业不同，但均参加统一的博士生英语入学考试。
为适应北京林业大学新阶段培养目标的需要，进一步提高学生的创新能力和科研水平，增强学生参与国际科研活动的语言交际能力，包括发表国际水准的英语科研论文的能力，研究生院经过数年的累积调研和数据分析，自2013年开始启用新的博士生英语入学考试大纲。
北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试时间为180分钟，试题总分为100分。
设有词汇、阅读、完型填空、翻译、写作五种题型, 不分时间段。
考题以一般社交用语、人文知识、科普常识为语言素材、以一般社会生活、学校教育和科研活动为话题，重在考查考生用英语进行社交、工作和科研的能力。
为帮助考生复习，我校2012版《北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试模拟试题集》已经由中国环境科学出版社出版。
2007年版废除。
现模拟题集仍旧有十套样题，为原生题（选真实语料自行编写），帮助考生熟悉考试形式、体会考试难度、了解考题的语言素材，更重要的是在复习的过程中进一步学习英语，顺利通过考试，为入学后的英语学习打下基础。
二、题型与分值分布
北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试分为五部分。
1．词汇：10分
共20题，每题0.5分。
分为两个部分：
1）选择填空：第1-10题每句有一个词语为空白，考生从试卷上给出的A，B，C，D 四个答案中选择一个正确答案。
2）替换词语：第11-20题每句一个词语有下划线，考生从试卷上给出的A，B，C，D 四个答案中选择一个意思最相近的词语。
2．阅读：39分
共24题。
分为两个部分：
1）多项选择阅读：每题2分。
阅读3篇400-450词的短文，内容为一般社会知识和科普知识。
每篇短文后有5个问题，考生从试卷上给出的A，B，C，D 四个答案中选择一个正确答案。
2）复形阅读：共有两篇短文，第一篇4分。
在一篇150-200词的科技短文中，有4个词语被抽出，考生从文章后面6个选项中选出正确的4项恢复文章原
形。
第二篇5分。
在一篇250词左右的短文中，有5个词语被抽出，考生从文章后面7个选项中选出正确的5项恢复文章原形。
3．完型填空：15分
共15题，每题一分。
在一篇200-250词的英语短文中，有15个空白。
考生从试卷上给出的A，B，C，D 四个答案中选择一个正确答案。
4．翻译：21分
共7题，每题3分。
有2个40字左右的汉语句子译成英语。
有5个30词左右的英语句子译成汉语。
5．写作：15分
1题。
根据题目要求写出至少300词的论述文。
三、考察目标
北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试考查考生的英语基础知识，用英语进行交际的能力，用英语进行科研的初步能力。
试题五个部分具体考查目标如下：
1．词汇：
考查考生的词汇量和用法。
以教育部的非英语专业硕士研究生词汇表和六级词汇表为依据，考察词汇量为7000。
在一般常用范围、较宽常用范围、要求识记三个层次内考查词义、固定搭配、构词法、上下文中的恰当使用，以及近义词的辨义，形态相似词的辨义。
2．阅读：
考查考生阅读并理解表层意义和深层意义的能力, 以及阅读速度，包括：
⏹根据主题句和总结话语掌握文章的观点；
⏹根据特定的词语和篇章指示语掌握全文篇章结构的逻辑关系和阐述观点
的走向；
⏹据此掌握文章的主旨大意；
⏹结合自己的各种知识了解文章的蕴涵意义；
⏹据此判断作者的态度和写作风格；
⏹准确理解文章的一些细节；
⏹利用语法知识和社会、科技等常识解决长句、难句的理解；
⏹综合各种知识、认知手段、阅读技巧、根据上下文推导出生词、短语的意
义；
⏹ 在科技文体中，能够根据上下文还原表示逻辑关系或在逻辑上有关联的
特定词语；
⏹ 在科技文体中，能够根据上下文还原表示语言功能（例如因果、程序、
地点等）的词语；
⏹ 能够根据上下文的意义还原缺失的语句。
3．完型填空：
考查考生的语言综合能力。
包括：
⏹理解全文的内容和意义；
⏹根据上下文推断空白处的意义；
⏹根据上下文判断空白处的语法；
⏹分辨选项所提供词语的意义、用法。
4．翻译：
考查考生的汉英双语互译能力。
英译汉的句子取自英语原版期刊、报纸、书籍。
汉译英的句子取自汉语读物。
要求考生准确理解原文的意义，采用合乎汉语和英语习惯的句法结构重新构架句型，选取恰当的词语转换成新的句子。
要求译文通顺、流畅，忠实表达原文的意思，与原文的语体、语气、感情色彩等文字特点相符。
书写工整清楚，易于阅读。
5．写作：
考查考生撰写微型论文的能力。
以考生熟悉的社会生活、学习情况、科研活动为话题，撰写初步的论述文体。
要求考生努力达到：
⏹开门见山地提出明确的观点；
⏹以充分和鲜明的论据支持观点；
⏹谋篇布局合理，逻辑表达明晰；
⏹段落层次清楚，指代关系明确；
⏹句子结构正确，句型富于变化；
⏹用词准确得体，语汇丰富生动；
⏹文体正确，合乎规范；
⏹ 学习能动地阐述自己的观点，不鼓励套用写作模版机械陈旧的语言、改
头换面背写事先准备的语段。
四、答题须知
1．试卷与答题纸
博士生英语入学考试试题分试卷与答题纸两个部分，所有答案都要求写在指定答题纸上，答在试卷和草稿纸上无效。
答题纸共2份：
1、标准答题卡（回答全部客观选择题，共59题64分）；
2、答题纸（回答全部主观题，共8题36分）。
2．答题要求
⏹答题卡、答题纸上的姓名、考号用签字笔或钢笔填写。
答题卡上的65题
以及与考号相应的数码用AB-2B的考试专用笔填涂。
答题纸1、答题纸
2用签字笔或钢笔回答。
⏹答题卡填涂要求：①务必填写并填涂考号。
即：首先用签字笔或钢笔填写
考号。
在考号每位数字的下面，有纵向排列的0-9十个数码。
在每一纵行
里，用铅笔将与考号相应的每一位数字涂黑。
②填涂考号和选择题的[A]
[B][C][D]时，要用铅笔将字母完全涂黑，正确的方法是涂成规范的方形，
下笔要重一些。
例如：[A][B][C][D]。
③填涂务必对应题号，准确填涂。
④提倡随做题，随填卡。
也可在试题本上先标记答案，随后一并填卡。
但要确保留出充分的填卡时间。
答在试卷上无效。
⏹答题卡1、答题纸2，请严格按照题号回答，不要张冠李戴。
⏹由于时间有限，可以不打草稿，在答题纸上直接回答、直接更改，但要保
证答题的可读性。
⏹书写与考试无关的内容视为作弊，取消考试资格。
五、复习备考
备考的根本目的是进一步提高英语语言技能，同时复习或学习英语语言知识，以便顺利通过考试，并为今后的博士生英语课程学习奠定良好的基础。
所提供模拟题集，仅供考生了解题型和难度，不提供考试素材。
作文的准备注意三点：首先要符合文体，切不可写成故事、个人经验等各种非正规文体，要注意摆脱市面考试辅导教材的八股文体，尤其不可写成三段式的凑字数八股（如：有的人认为，还有的人认为，我认为）；其次，在300词的有限空间内，尽量传达更多的有效信息，支持自己旗帜鲜明的观点，避免无用的长篇套话、废话；最后，不必猜测题目，事先做出文章以备考试套用，这是徒劳无益之举。
备考要做到：
⏹复习词汇、短语，熟练掌握并拓宽常用词语的意义和用法，增加一般词语
的识记量；
⏹适当复习语法知识，熟练掌握必要的语法规则；
⏹真正提高阅读理解、翻译、写作的能力；
⏹ 注意文章的逻辑关系、连接上下文逻辑关系的词语；
⏹ 注意科技文章中表述各种功能的词语；
⏹熟悉考试题型，做一定量的考试模拟练习；
⏹制定适合自己的应试策略和方法，按自己的情况设计并控制答题时间。
六、辅助复习资料
由于全国博士生入学考试没有统一的模式和要求，因此也没有相同的复习辅助资料。
准备报考北京林业大学的考生在复习备考时除使用我校提供的《北京林业大学博士生英语入学考试模拟试题集》外，还可以使用
⏹相同题型的其他复习资料；
⏹适合自己水平或复习目标的其他复习资料。
其他相关辅助资料仅仅帮助考生复习与提高英语，与考题没有任何关系。
考生可酌情自由选用。
北京林业大学衷心祝愿考生顺利通过考试，加入北京林业大学的博士生行列，在学业上攀登新高峰。