新视界高级英语视听说教程 (9)

高级英语视听说教程_第二册__听力文本

Chapter 9 Lecture: Public Education: Philosophy and FundingMost young people in the United States, like most young people around the world, attend public school. Indeed, young people in the U.S. have to attend school because education is compulsory, in most states to the age of sixteen or until the students reach ninth grade.A small percentage of American youth attend private schools, wither religious or secular schools, but the vast majority attend public schools. One distinguishing feature of U.S. public education that surprises many foreigners is that although there are some standardized examinations, there is no nationwide curriculum set by the government ministry of education determines the curriculum that all students study and the examinations that all the students take at a set time. Of course, U.S. students follow a curriculum, and they take examinations as all students do. Although the federal government does influence public education by providing funds to schools for special programs such as education for the handicapped and for bilingual education, the federal government does not determine the curriculum or the examinations. Today I’d like to talk about the three levels of control within each state and then spend some time discussing where the money for education comes from and three issues related to funding.Control of education in the United States is mainly exercised locally at three levels. Let’s begin with the state department of education. The department of education of each of the fifty states has two basic functions. First, each state department of education sets basic curriculum requirements for all the schools in its state. For example, a high school might require four years of English, three years of math, two years of social science, and so forth. The state also sets the number of credits a student must complete in order to graduate from a high school. This total number of credits includes both required courses and electives. So much for the state part in education.The second level of control is the school district. The number of school districts a state has depends on the size of its population and the size of the state. A large metropolitan area would have several school districts. A smaller community might have only one district. Each school district is run by a school board that is elected by the citizens of the district. The school district is responsible for the specific content of courses taught in its schools. In other words, the school district determines what the students will study in each of their, let’s say, four years of high school English. The school district also decides what electives will be available for students. Besides determining course content, the school district is responsible for the operation of the schools in its district, for example, the hiring if teachers and administrators. The third level of control is the individual school itself, where teachers have primary responsibility for deciding how to teach the content of each course and for preparing and giving examinations to the students.Local control of schools may seem very strange to some of you, but it will seem less strange if you consider how public schools in the United States are funded- that is, where money to run the schools comes from. Only about 7 percent of the money comes from the federal government. The rest of the money comes from state and local taxes. The percentages supplied by the state and by the local districts fluctuate over tome and from state to state. Currently appropriately 49 percentage of school funding comes from the states and about 44 percent comes from the local communities, that is, the school districts.Finally, I’d like to discuss three issues related to the funding of schools that have been receiving a lot of attention recently in the United States. The first issue deals with theinequality of educational opportunity that students face. Because public schools are funded to a great degree by local taxes, this means that schools in poorer communities or poorer parts of large cities do not have the same amount of money as schools located in richer communities. This, in turn, means that children from poorer areas are less likely to receive a good education than children from wealthier areas. The second issue, one that has been controversial since the beginning of public education, is the issue of funding for private schools, which are generally run by religious organizations. As you already know, the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution mandates separation of church and state. A little background on the history and development of public education will be useful here.During colonial times, education was largely a religious concern and most schools were supported by religious organizations. However, during the nineteenth century, there was widespread support and acceptance of public education paid for by taxes as the best way to provide equal educational opportunity for all children. Nevertheless, some parents have always chosen to send their children to either private religious schools or private schools devoted to academic excellence. Because private schools are not funded by the government, parents have had to pay tuition to send their children to private schools. People who have wanted to send their children to private schools have long questioned why they should have to pay taxes for public schools at the same time as they pay private tuition for their children’s education.Although this issue is not new, during the last twenty years or so, more parents have become unhappy about what they perceive to be the increasingly secular nature of public education and prefer to send their children to schools where they will receive an education more in line with their religious beliefs. Other parents are concerned about the questionable quality of education in public schools. These concerns have led to efforts by the school system, and the government, to offer alternative educational opportunities, that is, educational choices. Two of the most important responses to these concerns have been charter schools and school vouchers. Both of these alternatives to regular public education are based on the idea that competition in the educational market is a good thing, but otherwise, they differ quite a bit. Charter schools are nonsectarian public schools that compete with regular public for students. Charter schools operate under contract to a sponsor, usually a state or local school board. Charter schools are accountable to their sponsors, the parents who choose to send their children to them, and the public that funds them through their tax money. In turn, charter schools generally have greater autonomy, that is, independence, over selection of teachers, curriculum, resources, and so on, than regular public schools. The first charter schools came into existence toward the end if the 1980s. By 2003, there were 2,695 charter schools with almost 685,000 students enrolled. This was a 15 percent increase over the year 2003, which shows how fast these schools are growing. There are many issues surrounding charter schools, but a study published in 2003 found that charter school students did a little better than their public school counterparts on a standardized exams.The school voucher concept is a much more controversial one than charter schools. The idea behind school vouchers is that the government provides students with a certain amount of money each year that they can use to attend whatever school they choose, public or private. The idea again is that competition will improve the education students receive. Voucher schools in reality are largely private schools, and most often religiously based schools. They are quite different from charter schools, which as public schools are first of all, nonsectarian, that is, not religious. Second, charter schools cannot apply restrictive admission standards, as publicschools do. To date, voucher programs funded by taxpayers are operating in only three U.S. cities, and there are many court battles over the voucher system. Supporters of the voucher system feel very strongly that private schools offer better education than public schools. Those opposed to the voucher system claim that vouchers rob public schools of needed funding and that voucher schools do not truly provide school choice because of restrictive admissions standards, which can include academic performance, religion, sex, and other factors. Opponents of vouchers also strongly believe that using taxpayer funds for private religious schools violates the separation of church and state built into the U.S. Constitution.The third and final issue I’d like to touch on today is also very controversial. I mentioned earlier that United States does not have a nationwide curriculum nor nationwide exams set by the government. However, in the past fifteen or twenty years, there has been an increased emphasis in various states on raising standards and on giving students standardized exams to monitor their progress. The federal government in 2002 passed a sweeping education bill that requires states that wish to receive certain federal funding to develop and put in place extensive testing programs and other systems to ensure adequate yearly progress of students. Although the percentage of funding for schools from the federal government is relatively small, it still represents a lot of money that schools do not want to lose. Some people support this movement toward standardization and accountability in the educational system, while others see it as a dangerous step away from local control of schools.No one can predict the future of public education in the United States, but it appears that emphasis on educational choice and on accountability of educational system for student results will be with us for a long time.Chapter 10 Postsecondary Education: AdmissionsIn this lecture, I’m going to talk to you about postsecondary education in the United States. Today I’ll give you some facts and figures about colleges and universities in the United States and some general information about admission policies. I will also make a few remarks about community colleges and finish up by giving you an idea of what kinds of students make up the student body on a typical U.S. campus.Let’s begin with some facts and figures. The most recent figures I have reveal there are 4,182 public and private four-year and two-year colleges in the United States. These range from full universities with diverse programs to smaller four-year colleges to two-year community colleges. Most of them are accredited, which means the schools meet certain standards set by institutional and private evaluators. When applying to a school, you would probably want to make sure it was accredited. Even though there are more private colleges than public ones, over three-quarters of students, precisely 78 percent, are enrolled at public colleges and universities. Some of the small private schools may have fewer than 100 students, whereas some of the large state university systems may have 50,000 or more students. Most of these schools are coeducational although some of them are primarily for women and others are primarily for men. Some schools may offer only one program of study and others have a great variety of programs. The total cost for attending one of these schools may be less than $5,000 a year or as much as 30 or 40 thousand dollars a year for one of the prestigious private schools. These schools are located all over—in industrial areas, agricultural areas, large cities, and small towns in a wide variety of climates.With such a wide variety of sizes, kinds, and locations of schools, it probably won’t surpriseyou to find out that admissions requirements at these colleges and universities vary greatly also. Some are relatively easy to be admitted to whereas others are highly competitive. However, most schools will ask undergraduate applicants to submit their high school transcripts with a record of their grades and test results from one of the standardized tests regularly offered to high school students. The most common of these standardized exams is the Scholastic Aptitude Test, commonly known as the SAT. Students who are applying to graduate school are usually asked to take other, more specific standardized exams depending on which college they are applying to. For example, some students are required to take the Graduate Record Exam, or the GRE. Students applying to a business college will probably have to take the GMAT, and students applying to law college will have to take the LSAT. You probably know about the TOEFL exam, which most foreign students have to take before being admitted to American colleges or universities. These exams, including the TOEFL, are all prepared by a company that is independent of the school system. These exams have come under a lot of criticism lately, but they are still widely used as one way to determine who will be admitted to various schools. However, most schools try to look at the whole student and consider factors other than simply grades and test scores. Some of these factors may be extracurricular activities in school, ethnic background, work experience, and so on. Some schools will have personal interviews with students they are considering for admission. Many schools, private as well as public, try very hard to have a student population with a wide variety of backgrounds and ages. Even the most prestigious and most highly competitive colleges and universities will not take only those students with the highest grades and standardized test scores but will consider these other factors. Nevertheless, schools of this type, such as Stanford and Harvard, have so many more people applying than they can possibly accept that students who want to get into such schools take grades and SAT exams very seriously. In general, medical and law colleges, both private and public, are very difficult to get into, and, once again, test scores on standardized exams can be extremely important to those applying to these schools.However, for students who want to attend a state college or university in their own state, it may be enough to graduate from high school in the upper third or even upper half of their high school class. This may surprise those of you who come from an educational system that is highly competitive, a system in which only a small percentage of students who pass a very difficult nationwide standardized high school examination can enter a university. You may be even more surprised by what I have to tell you about community colleges.An interesting feature of education in the United States is the two-year community college. Community colleges that are publicly supported offer somewhat different educational opportunities than those offered by a senior college or a university. First, admissions requirements at public community colleges are usually much more lenient than those at a four-year college or university. It’s usually enough to have graduated from an American high school to be admitted. Second, it is also cheaper to attend a community college. The tuition and fees are usually quite a bit lower. Students often live at home because this type of school does not have dormitories. For these two reasons, many people who are unable to go to a four-year college or university can have an opportunity to take classes for college credit. Finally, community colleges offer two-year programs that can lead to an Associate of Arts degree. Many of these programs, but not all of them, are vocational in nature. People attend community colleges for many different purposes. Some people may be taking on a course or two in some field that particularly interests them and may not be planning on getting a degree. Other people may be going to community collegefull-time and planning to transfer to a four-year college or university upon successful completion of two years at a community college. Well, so much for community colleges.I promised to tell you a little about the actual student body on a typical U.S. campus. Let’s start with some statistics, and then we’ll discuss two items that surprise many foreign students. Among the 2.8 million high school graduates in 2002, 65.2 percent were enrolled in college the following October. More than 90 percent of those attended full time. Young men represented half of the high school graduates, but more women than men went on to college. The exact statistics are:68.4 percent of female high school graduates and 62.1 percent of male high school graduates. If we break down the statistics racially, we find that white students enrolled in college in greater proportions than black or Hispanic students. The figures are 66.7 percent for white graduates, 58.7 percent of black graduates, and 53.5 percent of Hispanic students. My next statistic may be surprising. 42.6 percent of full-time students in 2002 were either employed or looking for work. That number jumps to 75.7 percent for part-time students. That last statistic makes more sense when we consider that besides the students who are from eighteen to twenty-two years old that one expects to find on a college campus, there are also many older married students. They may be people who attend part-time to upgrade their skills, people who are changing careers, or retired people who still have a desire to learn. Also, foreign students are often surprised at how poorly prepare American students are when they enter a university. Actually, at very select schools the students are usually very well prepared, but at less selective schools, they may not be as well prepared as students in your country are. If you will remember the educational philosophy we discussed in the last lecture, you will understand why. Schools in the States simply admit a lot more students than is usual in most other countries. Also, most young American university students have not traveled in other countries and are not very well versed in international matters and do not know a lot about people from other countries. Foreign students usually find them friendly but not very well informed about their countries or cultures.In brief, you can see that educational opportunities and admissions standards vary greatly in the United States. While it may be quite difficult to gain admission to some colleges and universities because of the very large number of applicants, probably any student graduating from high school with reasonable grades can find some accredited university or college to attend. Those students hoping to enter graduate school will often face very stiff competition, whether at private or public schools. Many students who start at a college or university will not finish in four years. Some will drop out to work or travel and may never finish. Others will return to school a few months or a few years later. Some will go to school full-time and others part-time. Some will not work while going to school, but most will work at some time or other during their school years.We’re out of time, I see. In my next lecture, I’ll talk to you about a relatively new development in education, distance learning. It should be of interest to those of you who want to attend college but can’t because of living far from a college, busy schedules, or for other reasons.Chapter 11 Lecture: Distance educationOne of the most exciting changes in education in the United States today is the incredible growth of distance education at the post-secondary level. Let me begin the lecture by asking you a couple of questions. First, can you imagine getting a college, or university, degree, without ever once setting foot on a college campus? Second, would you believe me if I told you thereare a few higher education institutions that grant degrees that don’t even have a campus? Some of these schools even grant graduate degrees, that is, a master’s degree or even a Ph.D.What is distance education? A publication called Distance Education: A Consumer’s Guide defines distance education this way:” Distance education is instruction that occurs when the instructor and student are separated by distance or time, or both,” That sounds a little strange, but it’s not really new.As early as 1840, it was possible to take a correspondence course in shorthand; that is, a student could learn shorthand by mail. And the University of Wisconsin offered the first correspondence catalog in 1892. This meant that a student could take university courses by mail over 100 years ago. So distance education is not really new; however, modern technology, such as audio, video, and computer technology, has changed distance education a great deal. Today almost all distance education programs are online or have an online learning component to take advantage of the technology.As I mentioned, distance education is now growing at an incredible rate, Peterson’s 1994 Guide to Distance Learning listed 93 accredited distance education programs available at community colleges and universities across the United States and Canada, whereas its 1997 guide listed more than 700 programs. In 2003, almost 1,100 programs were listed. According to the U.S. college and universities with 10.000 students or more offer distance education programs with new ones coming online continuously.Distance education is quite a complex subject with many aspects to look at. Today let’s look at the reasons why distance education is growing so rapidly, how distance education works, that is, what the modes of delivery are, and some things people considering distance education need to be aware of.To start with, why is distance education growing at such an incredible rate?First, rapidly changing economic conditions require many professional people to upgrade their knowledge or skills on an almost continuous basis. For example, a person who graduates with a degree in engineering or computer science may find it necessary to take courses to upgrade his or her skills every few year. Or a person who begins his or her career with a B.A. or B.S. degree may find it desirable to pursue an M.A. after some time, or even a Ph.D. Busy working people often find it difficult or even impossible to take courses they need or to pursue degrees on campus. Thus, there are a lot of people wanting post-secondary education who don’t find it convenient to study in the traditional on-campus setting.At the same time that demand for postsecondary education is growing, many U.S. colleges and universities are facing budget crunches; many U.S. colleges and universities are facing budget crunches; that is , they just don’t have as much money as they had in the past, but at the same time they have more students. They have to find ways to deliver instruction in the most economical way possible.The final reason is modern technology, which is the key to making the desired postsecondary education available to the millions of people who have access to audio, video, and computer technology. Many institutions offer distance education courses, certificate programs, and degree programs. How does distance education work at the postsecondary level? What are the usual modes of delivery?The modes of instruction can vary greatly and different courses in a program may use different modes. And any given course may use several different modes. Some of the modes include video,audio, CD-ROM, Internet, bulletin boards, chat rooms, and e-mail. Let’s consider some of the possibilities among these technologies. Video, for example, can be as simple as videotape the student plays on his or her VCR. Or it could involve video conferencing where the student is able to see and interact with the instructor and other students. Audio works similarly. A student may have a set of audiotapes to play on a cassette player or may be connected to an audio conference where he or she interacts with other students and the instructor. When students study on their own, at a time convenient to them to them, from a video-or audiotape, it is asynchronous learning, asynchronous meaning not at the same time. Video and audio conferencing, on the other hand, are called synchronous learning; that is, the instructor and the students are engaged in the teaching and learning process at the same time. Let’s look at two other popular modes used in distance learning: bulletin board anytime of the day and night, read what other students have written, and respond, by either adding his or her ideas or asking a question. Chat rooms, on the other hand, offer a discussion forum where students can interact in real time, that is, synchronously. CD-ROMs may come to the student via mail or the student may download materials from the Internet. E-mail provides a very convenient way for students to submit assignments or to ask the instructor questions. There are many more modes of instruction, but this should give you an idea of the possibilities.Students interested in pursuing distance education degrees need to consider the following six points:Number 1. Many distance education programs have a residency requirement. The students may be required to take two courses on campus, that is, six hours of credit, or students may be required to spend several days on campus several times during the program.Number 2. Distance education courses generally have time limits. Courses and programs must be completed within a certain time limit. Assignments must be submitted on time.Number 3. Admissions requirements are the same as those of an on-campus education.Number 4. Distance education can save students money in terms of not having to travel to campus for classes, and the like, but the academic fees about the same as for traditional education. Fulfilling the residency requirements may be quite costly in terms of travel and lodging for students who live far from the campus.Number 5. Online study requires students to have access to a computer that meets minimum requirements such as the latest version of Windows, a microphone, sound card and speakers, adequate hard drive and RAM, a modern, browser (Internet Explorer or Netscape), and Internet connection. Connection speed is very important and many schools recommend having high-speed Internet access like a cable modern or DSL.And finally Number 6. Distance learning requires that students be disciplined and independent learners. Distance education is not easier than traditional education. Not everyone is temperamentally suited for distance education. The dropout rate from distance education courses and programs is higher than for traditional courses and programs.Before I close today, let me just say that many people are still suspicious of distance education believing that it cannot possibly be equivalent to a traditional classroom education, although there are studies that indicate that distance education can be as effective as traditional education and some times even more effective. However, some suspicions are well founded. There are many unscrupulous and disreputable universities advertising on the Internet with very alluring Web sites. Therefore, it is important for everyone wishing to take a courseor pursue a degree to check out the credentials of the school they are considering very carefully.We have an expression: Let the buyer beware. That means that anyone who wishes to buy something should be very careful! And that includes online or distance eductation.。

新视野视听说Unit 9Listening_skills

private; (11)____-seat and having only (12)___ four the pilot ____
Listening for details
crash v. 撞击 (hit something extremely hard, causing a lot of damage) e.g. His car crashed into a tree by the road. investigator n. 调查者 (one, especially a detective, who investigates) e.g. The investigator has followed the case for ten years. Swiss adj. 瑞士的 (of Switzerland or its people or culture) e.g. The Swiss company is launching new businesses in China. terrorism n. 恐怖主义 e.g. The homeland of the U.S. was threatened by terrorism. (To be continued)
Key
Event, time and cause The accident The results Detailed description a plane (1)___________ crashing into the building at least three people, injuring killing (2)____________ (3)___________ dozens more and making a (4)_______ big hole in the danger of the building’s building, but no (5)______ collapse (6)__-story 32 a (7)__-year-old Swiss man 68

高级英语视听说chapter-9-11

Chapter9 Power: The Kinds People Use and AbuseJohn Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each of these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have information. Having information increases a person’s own sense of power. Pe ople who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracy of the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example of the use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with U.S. government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved away from the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop. The guard’s uniform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about something, such as computers. Most people are impressed by the skills or knowledge of an expert. Som e of these “experts” use their skills at playing sports or knowing about computers to gain power and influence ―and to gain money or admiration, according to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Finally, reward or coercive pow er is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person’s actions or behavior. Giving a reward will change people’s behavior because it offers people a chance for gain. Giving a punishment may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful person wants them to do, but the changes may not last for a long time. The person who uses coercive power may also have to carefully watch thatthe less powerful person does, in fact, change his or her actions or behavior.To sum up, then, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to identify with or to imitate; it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skills or expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people. We all exercise one or more of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one or more of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.Postlistening1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What kind of power do newspapers provide to those who read them? (d)2. If a teenager wishes to act like a favorite rock singer, which type of power does that singer have over the teenager? (b)3. Which kind of power may or may not lead to changes that the person in power wants and requires? (a)4. When a government decides to raise taxes on a product like gas, what kind of power is being wielded? (c)5. Some psychologists believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power. (I heard it.)6. If a young person wants to act like an older sister, the older sister is a referent of identification. (I can infer it.)7. Jim Jones used power for evil purposes. (I can infer it.)8. David Koresh and his followers died in a fire. (I heard it.)9. Napoleon identified with his father, who used power well. (I did not hear it and cannot infer it.)10. Government officials have a lot of legitimate power. (I heard it.)11-14. Students prepare their own statements about the content of the talk and ask classmates to listen to their statements and to check the appropriate boxes.Listening Factoid #1A powerful king named Mithradites lived in Asia Minor almost 2,000 Years ago. He was so afraid that someone would try to poison him that, in order to build up an immunity to poison, he spent many years drinking small amounts of poison. King Mithradites was very successful in building up his immunity to poison. No one was able to poison him. However, his immunity to poison proved to be a problem when he decided to commit suicide in order to avoid being captured by the Roman army. To avoid being captured by the Romans, he tried to commit suicide by drinking poison. Unfortunately, the poison would not work. In the end, one of his slaves killed him with a sword so he could avoid capture. The man of great power was put to death by the man who had no power. Listening Factoid #2When girls study ancient civilizations, they often learn about societies where leadership roles and decision making were in the hands of the men of the society. Only on very few occasions are they able to identify with those in authority or those who have played an influential role in the society. The ancient kingdom of Kush was unusual in that powerful queens ruled the kingdom, which occupied the area located in the southern part of modern Egypt and the northern part of today's Sudan. The study of the Kingdom of Kush tells the story of a society where women took on roles of leadership ----a society where women were highly respected and held positions of power alongside men. Furthermore, during part of its history, it was a queen of Kush that led the Kushite revolt against the injustice of Roman rule and Rome's imposition of taxes on the Kushite people.Chapter 10 Asian and African Elephants: Similarities and DifferencesThe African and the Asian elephants are the largest land animals in the world. They are really enormous animals. The African and the Asian elephants are alike, or similar, in many ways, but there are differences between the 2types of elephants, too.What are some of the similarities between the African and the Asian elephant? Well, for one thing, both animals have long noses, called trunks. An elephant sometimes uses its trunk like a third hand. Both kinds of elephants use their trunks to pick up very small objects and very large, heavy objects. They can even pick up trees with their trunks. For another thing, both the African and the Asian elephants have very large ears, although the African elephant’s ears are considerably larger.In addition, both animals are intelligent. They can be trained to do heavy work. They can also be trained to do tricks to entertain people. In other words, they both work for people, and they entertain people also.As I said before, the African and Asian elephants are alike in many ways, but they are also quite different, too. Let me explain what I mean. The African elephant is larger and heavier than the Asian elephant. The African male elephant weighs between 12,000 and 14,000 pounds. In contrast, the average Asian male elephant weighs between 7,000 and 12,000 pounds.Another major difference between the 2 kinds of elephants is the size of the ears. Asian elephants have smaller ears than African elephants do. The teeth are different, too. The African elephant has 2 very large teeth. These teeth are called tusks. The Asian elephant sometimes does not have any tusks at all. The elephants differ in color, too. The African elephant is dark gray in color while the Asian elephant is light gray. Occasionally an Asian elephant is even white in color! The last big difference between the 2 elephants is their temperament. The Asian elephant is tamer than the African elephant. In other words, the African elephant is much wilder than the Asian elephant. As a result, it’s more difficult to train the African elephant to perform tricks to entertain people. That’s why the elephants you see in the circus are probably Asian elephants … not African elephants.Yes, there certainly are differences between the African and the Asian elephants, but there is one big similarity between the 2 animals: they are both fascinating and enormous animals.PostlisteningA. Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What part of an elephant's body is its trunk? (b)2. Which animals can be trained to work for man? (c)3. What is the range of an African male elephant's weight? (c)4. Which of the following best describes the Asian elephant in comparison with the African elephant? (c)5. Which is true of both elephants? (d) .6. Elephants use their trunks to pick up both small and large objects. (I heard it.)7. Elephants enjoy working and doing tricks for people. (I cannot infer it.)8. African elephants are generally more dangerous than Asian elephants. (I can infer it.)9. Asian elephants like people more than African elephants do. (I cannot infer it.)10. Some Asian elephants have tusks. (I can infer it.)Listening factoid #1In the early 1970s five baby elephants were released in Kruger National Park in South Africa near a herd of buffalo. Park rangers later reported that one of the young elephants had joined the herd of buffalo and was acting like a buffalo. A visitor to the park in 1980 saw the ten-year-old elephant with its adopted family of about 20 buffalo. The buffalo and the elephant were trying to chase some lions away from a water hole. A few years later a park ranger reported seeing the young elephant and the herd of buffalo drinking water from a water hole when a herd of elephants arrived to drink water. The herd of buffalo ran off when they saw the herd of elephants, and the young elephant ran off along with the herd of buffalo. It appears that the elephant was accepted as a member of the herd by the buffalo.Listening Factoid #2An elephant grasps objects with its trunk much as a person does with a hand. The elephant's trunk can carry a log that weighs as much as 600 pounds (or 272 kilograms). The tip of the trunk can pick up an object as small as a coin. An elephant also uses its trunk to communicate with other elephants. When two elephants greet each other, each places the tip of its trunk in the other’s mouth. A mother will comfort her calf by stroking it with her trunk. Young males also play-fight by wrestling with their trunks.Chapter 11 Lincoln and Kennedy: Similar DestiniesJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln lived in different times and had very different family and educational backgrounds. Kennedy lived in the 20th century; Lincoln lived in the 19th century. Kennedy was born in 1917, whereas Lincoln was born more than a hundred years earlier, in 1809. As for their family backgrounds, Kennedy came from a rich family, but Lincoln’s family was not wealthy. Because Kennedy came from a wealthy family, he was able to attend expensive private schools. He graduated from Harvard University. Lincoln, on the other hand, had only one year of formal schooling. In spite of his lack of formal schooling, he became a well-known lawyer. He taught himself law by reading law books. Lincoln was, in other words, a self-educated man.In spite of these differences in Kennedy and Lincoln’s backgroun ds, some interesting similarities between the 2 men are evident. In fact, books have been written about the strange coincidences in the lives of these 2 men. For example, take their political careers. Lincoln began his political career as a congressman. Similarly, Kennedy also began his political career as a congressman. Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1847, and Kennedy was elected to the House in 1947. They went to Congress just 100 years apart. Another interesting coincidence is that each man was elected president of the United States in a year ending with the number 60. Lincoln was elected president in 1860, and Kennedy was elected in 1960; furthermore, both men were president during years of civil unrest in the country. Lincoln was president during the American Civil War. During Kennedy’s term of office, civil unrest took the form of civil rights demonstrations.Another striking similarity between the 2 men was that, as you probably know, neither president lived to complete his tern in office. Lincoln and Kennedy were both assassinated while in office. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, after only 1,000 days in office. Lincoln was assassinated in 1865 a few days after the end of the American Civil War. It’s rather curiou s to note that both presidents were shot while they were sitting next to their wives.These are only a few examples of the uncanny, or unusual similarities in the destinies of these 2 Americans – men who had a tremendous impact on the social and political life in the United States and the imagination of the American people.POSTLISTENINGA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking AccuracyA variety of answers are possible. Here are some sample responses.1. In what century was Lincoln born? (the 19th century)2. Why was Kennedy able to attend expensive private schools? (because his family was rich)3. How many years did Lincoln attend school? (one year}4. How did Lincoln get most of his education? (by reading books at home)5. How did both Kennedy and Lincoln begin their political careers? (as congressmen; as members of the U.S. House of Representatives)6. When was Kennedy elected president? (in 1960)7. During which American war was Lincoln president? (during the American Civil War)8. How did both Kennedy and Lincoln die? (by assassination; they were assassinated)9. How long was Kennedy president of the United States? (1,000 days)10. When was Lincoln murdered? (in 1865, a few days after the end of the Civil War)Listening factoid #1Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation during the Civil War. The Proclamation freed the slaves, but only those in the Confederate states. It did not free the slaves living in Kentucky, Maryland and the other slave-holding states that fought on the side of the North. Why then is Lincoln called "The Great Emancipator"? He deserves to be called "The Great Emancipator" not because of this 1863 proclamation, but because he urged Congress to adopt the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States. The amendment was passed by the American Congress in 1865.Listening factoid #2Most of you would probably not be very surprised to learn that there was someone else at the party with your exact birthday if there were 365 people at the party. But how about if there were only 30 people? Do you think it would be likely that there would be another person at the party with the same birthday as yours? Well, actually, you would have a 50% chance of meeting someone with your exact birthday if there were only 23 people at the party! This is surprising to most people, and when it happens, it seems like a remarkable coincidence, but, in fact, it is simply a statistical probability.。

新视野大学英语视听说(第二版)第二册 UNIT 9

Describing Pictures
Useful Expressions
• riding a new motorcycle on the highway • passing a car • knocks on the window • rolls down the window • a curve in the road • crashes off the road into a ditch full of water • runs to the unlucky cyclist • covered in blood and water
Book 2 – Unit 9
Viewing, Listening & Speaking
Brainstorming
Reference
It is important to note that driver fatigue is not simply a function of time spent driving but relates to many factors including hours since last slept and time of day or night. Most fatigue-related crashes occur on country roads. Most drivers involved in fatal fatiguerelated crashes are male. Fatigue is a general term commonly used to describe the experience of being "sleepy", "tired" or "exhausted". Fatigue is both a physiological and a psychological experience. Driver fatigue can severely impair judgment and can affect anyone. It is particularly dangerous because one of the symptoms is decreased ability to judge our own level of tiredness. Other symptoms vary between drivers, but may include:

视听说unit9.10.11

darling of Wall Street investors. --- this industry was one of the darlings of Wall Street. 3. F --- Students have filed charges against … 4. F --- CEC purchased the … 5. T
Unit 11 Not Your Average Grocer
Keys to Task 1
1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C
Keys to episode 1
1. T 2. T 3. F --- annually --- last year 4. T 5. F --- cherished --- had never have 6. T
1.
Keys to episode 3
1. Accurate information about job placement. 2. Ten years ago; $1 billion. 3. She was fired; Student placement. 4. Pass the students to keep them in school. 5. From $ 30,000 to $ 80,000.
Keys to episode 5
1. 2.
3.
4.
5.
They show a mysterious bomber planting two sophisticated explosive devices late at night outside a company that makes vaccines in northern California. Two bombs were planted; The second bomb was set to go off an hour after the first to kill firemen and police who would show up on the scene. The suspected bomber is Daniel Andreas San Diego, a 27-year-old animal rights activist from San Rafael, California. He is now a fugitive after he slipped on FBI surveillance. The message read: “We will now be doubling the size of every device we make.” It was posted on a Web site sympathetic to the Animal Liberation Front. He thinks that ALF needs to look at the big picture and look at what works.

高级英语视听说chapter-9-11汇编

Chapter9 Power: The Kinds People Use and AbuseJohn Mack, who is the author of a book about power, says that the need for a sense of personal power is one of the primary forces in human life. On the other hand, he also says that a feeling of powerlessness is one of the most disturbing of human emotions ―a feeling to be avoided at all costs. Just what is power?Psychologists define power as the ability to determine or to change the actions or behavior of other people. Psychologists are trying to identify different kinds of power so that they can better understand how people use these different kinds of power to gain control over other people. They are trying to understand how people manipulate other people for good and evil purposes. Psychologists have identified five basic types of power, and I’d like to talk about each of these briefly in the next few minutes.The first type of power is called information power. Some psychologist believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power and control. The person who has information that other people want and need, but do not have, is in a position of power. Why is this? Well, most people like to receive and have information. Having information increases a person’s own sense of power. Pe ople who provide information can manipulate those who do not have information. Often, when people receive information, they do not know that they are being manipulated by those who provided the information. The psychologist named Edwards says, for example, that newspapers provide a lot of information to their readers, and that these newspaper readers generally believe the information they read. Readers do not question the accuracy of the reports about world events they read in the newspapers.A second type of power is called referent power. For example, a person may want to behave like the members of a particular group, such as a soccer team ( or a group of classmates), or a person may identify with and want to be like a certain teacher, a friend, or say , a rock star. If you identify with another person, that person has power over you, and that person can influence your actions and behavior. Many people imitate and are controlled by the people they identify with. Let me give you a sad example of the use of this type of power for evil purposes. In the 1970s in Jonestown, Guyana, more than 900 people committed suicide when their religious leader Jim Jones told them to kill themselves. They did what he told them to do because he had referent power over them. They identified with him; they believe him, and they did what he told them to do. More recently a man named David Koresh controlled the lives and destinies of a small community of men, women, and children in Waco, Texas. Most people in his community died in a fire, along with their leader, during a confrontation with U.S. government agents.A third kind of power is classified as legitimate power. Government officials, according to Edwards, have a lot of legitimate power. When the government decides to raise taxes or make people go to war, most people will do what their government officials tell them to do. One psychologist reported on an experiment that showed an example of this type of power. In this experiment, a researcher asked people on the street to move away from a bus stop. When he was dressed as a civilian, few people moved away from the bus stop. When the researcher was dressed as a guard, most people moved away from the bus stop. The guard’s uniform seemed to give the researcher a look of legitimate power.A fourth kind of power is called expert power. An expert is a person who is very skilled in some area, such as sports, or who knows a lot about something, such as computers. Most people are impressed by the skills or knowledge of an expert. Som e of these “experts” use their skills at playing sports or knowing about computers to gain power and influence ―and to gain money or admiration, according to Edwards. In other words, they use their expertise to gain power.Finally, reward or coercive pow er is used by people who have the power to reward or punish another person’s actions or behavior. Giving a reward will change people’s behavior because it offers people a chance for gain. Giving a punishment may or may not cause the people to do what the powerful person wants them to do, but the changes may not last for a long time. The person who uses coercive power may also have to carefully watch thatthe less powerful person does, in fact, change his or her actions or behavior.To sum up, then, power may be gained in many ways. It may come from having information that other people want or need; it may come from being a referent for other people to identify with or to imitate; it may come from having an official, or legitimate, position of authority; it may come from having skills or expertise; or it may come from having the power to reward or punish people. We all exercise one or more of these various kinds of power over other people, and other people will try to exercise one or more of these kinds of power over us throughout our lives.Postlistening1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What kind of power do newspapers provide to those who read them? (d)2. If a teenager wishes to act like a favorite rock singer, which type of power does that singer have over the teenager? (b)3. Which kind of power may or may not lead to changes that the person in power wants and requires? (a)4. When a government decides to raise taxes on a product like gas, what kind of power is being wielded? (c)5. Some psychologists believe that information power is one of the most effective types of power. (I heard it.)6. If a young person wants to act like an older sister, the older sister is a referent of identification. (I can infer it.)7. Jim Jones used power for evil purposes. (I can infer it.)8. David Koresh and his followers died in a fire. (I heard it.)9. Napoleon identified with his father, who used power well. (I did not hear it and cannot infer it.)10. Government officials have a lot of legitimate power. (I heard it.)11-14. Students prepare their own statements about the content of the talk and ask classmates to listen to their statements and to check the appropriate boxes.Listening Factoid #1A powerful king named Mithradites lived in Asia Minor almost 2,000 Years ago. He was so afraid that someone would try to poison him that, in order to build up an immunity to poison, he spent many years drinking small amounts of poison. King Mithradites was very successful in building up his immunity to poison. No one was able to poison him. However, his immunity to poison proved to be a problem when he decided to commit suicide in order to avoid being captured by the Roman army. To avoid being captured by the Romans, he tried to commit suicide by drinking poison. Unfortunately, the poison would not work. In the end, one of his slaves killed him with a sword so he could avoid capture. The man of great power was put to death by the man who had no power. Listening Factoid #2When girls study ancient civilizations, they often learn about societies where leadership roles and decision making were in the hands of the men of the society. Only on very few occasions are they able to identify with those in authority or those who have played an influential role in the society. The ancient kingdom of Kush was unusual in that powerful queens ruled the kingdom, which occupied the area located in the southern part of modern Egypt and the northern part of today's Sudan. The study of the Kingdom of Kush tells the story of a society where women took on roles of leadership ----a society where women were highly respected and held positions of power alongside men. Furthermore, during part of its history, it was a queen of Kush that led the Kushite revolt against the injustice of Roman rule and Rome's imposition of taxes on the Kushite people.Chapter 10 Asian and African Elephants: Similarities and DifferencesThe African and the Asian elephants are the largest land animals in the world. They are really enormous animals. The African and the Asian elephants are alike, or similar, in many ways, but there are differences between the 2types of elephants, too.What are some of the similarities between the African and the Asian elephant? Well, for one thing, both animals have long noses, called trunks. An elephant sometimes uses its trunk like a third hand. Both kinds of elephants use their trunks to pick up very small objects and very large, heavy objects. They can even pick up trees with their trunks. For another thing, both the African and the Asian elephants have very large ears, although the African elephant’s ears are considerably larger.In addition, both animals are intelligent. They can be trained to do heavy work. They can also be trained to do tricks to entertain people. In other words, they both work for people, and they entertain people also.As I said before, the African and Asian elephants are alike in many ways, but they are also quite different, too. Let me explain what I mean. The African elephant is larger and heavier than the Asian elephant. The African male elephant weighs between 12,000 and 14,000 pounds. In contrast, the average Asian male elephant weighs between 7,000 and 12,000 pounds.Another major difference between the 2 kinds of elephants is the size of the ears. Asian elephants have smaller ears than African elephants do. The teeth are different, too. The African elephant has 2 very large teeth. These teeth are called tusks. The Asian elephant sometimes does not have any tusks at all. The elephants differ in color, too. The African elephant is dark gray in color while the Asian elephant is light gray. Occasionally an Asian elephant is even white in color! The last big difference between the 2 elephants is their temperament. The Asian elephant is tamer than the African elephant. In other words, the African elephant is much wilder than the Asian elephant. As a result, it’s more difficult to train the African elephant to perform tricks to entertain people. That’s why the elephants you see in the circus are probably Asian elephants … not African elephants.Yes, there certainly are differences between the African and the Asian elephants, but there is one big similarity between the 2 animals: they are both fascinating and enormous animals.PostlisteningA. Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking Accuracy1. What part of an elephant's body is its trunk? (b)2. Which animals can be trained to work for man? (c)3. What is the range of an African male elephant's weight? (c)4. Which of the following best describes the Asian elephant in comparison with the African elephant? (c)5. Which is true of both elephants? (d) .6. Elephants use their trunks to pick up both small and large objects. (I heard it.)7. Elephants enjoy working and doing tricks for people. (I cannot infer it.)8. African elephants are generally more dangerous than Asian elephants. (I can infer it.)9. Asian elephants like people more than African elephants do. (I cannot infer it.)10. Some Asian elephants have tusks. (I can infer it.)Listening factoid #1In the early 1970s five baby elephants were released in Kruger National Park in South Africa near a herd of buffalo. Park rangers later reported that one of the young elephants had joined the herd of buffalo and was acting like a buffalo. A visitor to the park in 1980 saw the ten-year-old elephant with its adopted family of about 20 buffalo. The buffalo and the elephant were trying to chase some lions away from a water hole. A few years later a park ranger reported seeing the young elephant and the herd of buffalo drinking water from a water hole when a herd of elephants arrived to drink water. The herd of buffalo ran off when they saw the herd of elephants, and the young elephant ran off along with the herd of buffalo. It appears that the elephant was accepted as a member of the herd by the buffalo.Listening Factoid #2An elephant grasps objects with its trunk much as a person does with a hand. The elephant's trunk can carry a log that weighs as much as 600 pounds (or 272 kilograms). The tip of the trunk can pick up an object as small as a coin. An elephant also uses its trunk to communicate with other elephants. When two elephants greet each other, each places the tip of its trunk in the other’s mouth. A mother will comfort her calf by stroking it with her trunk. Young males also play-fight by wrestling with their trunks.Chapter 11 Lincoln and Kennedy: Similar DestiniesJohn F. Kennedy and Abraham Lincoln lived in different times and had very different family and educational backgrounds. Kennedy lived in the 20th century; Lincoln lived in the 19th century. Kennedy was born in 1917, whereas Lincoln was born more than a hundred years earlier, in 1809. As for their family backgrounds, Kennedy came from a rich family, but Lincoln’s family was not wealthy. Because Kennedy came from a wealthy family, he was able to attend expensive private schools. He graduated from Harvard University. Lincoln, on the other hand, had only one year of formal schooling. In spite of his lack of formal schooling, he became a well-known lawyer. He taught himself law by reading law books. Lincoln was, in other words, a self-educated man.In spite of these differences in Kennedy and Lincoln’s backgroun ds, some interesting similarities between the 2 men are evident. In fact, books have been written about the strange coincidences in the lives of these 2 men. For example, take their political careers. Lincoln began his political career as a congressman. Similarly, Kennedy also began his political career as a congressman. Lincoln was elected to the U.S. House of Representatives in 1847, and Kennedy was elected to the House in 1947. They went to Congress just 100 years apart. Another interesting coincidence is that each man was elected president of the United States in a year ending with the number 60. Lincoln was elected president in 1860, and Kennedy was elected in 1960; furthermore, both men were president during years of civil unrest in the country. Lincoln was president during the American Civil War. During Kennedy’s term of office, civil unrest took the form of civil rights demonstrations.Another striking similarity between the 2 men was that, as you probably know, neither president lived to complete his tern in office. Lincoln and Kennedy were both assassinated while in office. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas, Texas, after only 1,000 days in office. Lincoln was assassinated in 1865 a few days after the end of the American Civil War. It’s rather curiou s to note that both presidents were shot while they were sitting next to their wives.These are only a few examples of the uncanny, or unusual similarities in the destinies of these 2 Americans – men who had a tremendous impact on the social and political life in the United States and the imagination of the American people.POSTLISTENINGA. The Comprehension Check1. Recognizing Information and Checking AccuracyA variety of answers are possible. Here are some sample responses.1. In what century was Lincoln born? (the 19th century)2. Why was Kennedy able to attend expensive private schools? (because his family was rich)3. How many years did Lincoln attend school? (one year}4. How did Lincoln get most of his education? (by reading books at home)5. How did both Kennedy and Lincoln begin their political careers? (as congressmen; as members of the U.S. House of Representatives)6. When was Kennedy elected president? (in 1960)7. During which American war was Lincoln president? (during the American Civil War)8. How did both Kennedy and Lincoln die? (by assassination; they were assassinated)9. How long was Kennedy president of the United States? (1,000 days)10. When was Lincoln murdered? (in 1865, a few days after the end of the Civil War)Listening factoid #1Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation during the Civil War. The Proclamation freed the slaves, but only those in the Confederate states. It did not free the slaves living in Kentucky, Maryland and the other slave-holding states that fought on the side of the North. Why then is Lincoln called "The Great Emancipator"? He deserves to be called "The Great Emancipator" not because of this 1863 proclamation, but because he urged Congress to adopt the Thirteenth Amendment, which abolished slavery in the United States. The amendment was passed by the American Congress in 1865.Listening factoid #2Most of you would probably not be very surprised to learn that there was someone else at the party with your exact birthday if there were 365 people at the party. But how about if there were only 30 people? Do you think it would be likely that there would be another person at the party with the same birthday as yours? Well, actually, you would have a 50% chance of meeting someone with your exact birthday if there were only 23 people at the party! This is surprising to most people, and when it happens, it seems like a remarkable coincidence, but, in fact, it is simply a statistical probability.。

新视野大学英语视听说unit test 9

Unit 9 What mode of travel do you prefer?Done with this task. Your current score: 70% Unit 9 testNextDirections: Click on the speaker to the left to start playing the audio recordingsParts I, II and III. They will be played continuously. Once the recording starts playiplease do NOT click on either the speaker icon or the 'Unit Quiz' link in the menuabove. Otherwise, you may lose the chance of hearing the complete recording.Part I ScriptDirections: Listen to the short dialogs, and then choose the correct answersto the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing,there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playingto check your answers.1.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. To find the passports.B. To get the tickets.C. To pay the departure tax.D. To look after the luggage.2.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. 2 kilograms.B. 3 kilograms.C. 23 kilograms.D. 28 kilograms.3.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. He is annoyed.B. He is furious.C. He is not too worried.D. He is helpless.4.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. Trans Pacific Flight 8 on July 19.B. Trans Pacific Flight 8 on August 2.C. Trans Pacific Flight 2 on July 19.D. Trans Pacific Flight 2 on August 8.5.(Listen to the audio recording for the question.)A. By bus.B. By train.C. By air.D. Not decided.Part II ScriptDirections: Listen to the passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, listen for the general idea. When the passage is read the second time, fill in the blanks numbered from S1 to S7 with the exact words you hear. For blanks numbered from S8 to S10, write down either the exact words you hear or the main points in your own words. When the passage is read the third time, check your answers.In such a mature industry with many low-fare competitors andfrom operations, it is essential that airline managerscosts.In order to establish andof fixed and operating costs: labor,parts, IT services andservices, sales distribution, training, and other costs. Thus all but a few cents on the dollar in ticket sales is paid out to a wide variety ofMoreover, the industry is structured so that airlines often act as tax collectors.and surcharges they have little or nocontrol over, and these are passed through to various providers. Airlines are also responsible for carrying out government regulations.Analysis of the last five years shows that all the other players in the air transport chain are far more profitable than the airlines, who collect and pass through fees and revenues to them from ticket sales.catering companies 10-13%, handling companies 11-14%, aircraft lessors 5%, aircraft manufacturers 16%, and global distribution companies more than 30%.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)Part III ScriptDirections: Listen to the following recording, and then choose the correct answers to the questions. You will hear the recording twice. After the first playing, there will be time for you to choose the correct answers. Use the second playing to check your answers.1.What is the passage mainly concerned with?A. The booming air travel industry.B. The depressing air travel industry.C. Despite the current depression, the air travel industry will pickup.D. Despite the current boom, the air travel industry will decline.2.What was the earliest cause of the short-term aviation industry depression?A. The crash of the high-tech stock market.B. A terrorist attack.C. Consumers' desire to buy goods.D. The poor airline service.3.Which of the following bears a larger share of the security check costs?A. A longer trip.B. A shorter trip.C. Passengers at a small airport.D. Passengers at a large airport.4.According to the passage, what does deregulation result in?A. Worse service.B. Higher fare.C. Fast speed.D. More competition.5.What may be the average annual growth of the air travel industry in the nexttwo decades?A. A 20 percent increase.B. A 20.5 percent increase.C. A 5.1 percent increase.D. A 1.5 percent increase.Part IVDirections: Choose the best answer to each of the following statements.1.I'd like to fly ___________ to Thailand on October 8th. I want to book twotickets.A. economyB. by economyC. in economyD. in economy class2.Airport security checks always make me nervous. I'm afraid I'll _________the alarm because of the jewelry I'm wearing.A. put offB. set offC. go offD. get off3.The security guards take ages searching _______ stuff, but they ignorecheck-in baggage.A. carry-forwardB. carry-overC. carry-inD. carry-on4.With all the threats ____ security of travel today, I expected to have myluggage searched.A. inB. withC. toD. for5.When I flew from Vancouver to Paris, they simply ran my bags __________the scanner, and I was on my way.A. overB. throughC. inD. into6.It will take a long time for me to _______ my biological clock aftertraveling abroad.A. recoverB. returnC. resumeD. reset7.Before I conclude my talk, I'd like to summarize what we have _________.A. dealtB. coveredC. talkedD. spokenlions of people who had never, or rarely flown before, became _______passengers.A. regularB. traditionalC. constantD. consistent9.The plane does have its disadvantages. For example, it is __________transporting large quantities of cargo.A. unable ofB. disable toC. incapable toD. incapable of10.Airlines are especially cautious about checking the conditions of aircraftto reduce the possibility of accidents to ___________.A. minimumB. the minimumC. smallestD. least。

英语视听说unit9 Listening In

do you do？Surf the net? B: Sometimes. But mostly I use the Internet to get
the information about things I’m interested in and to talk with people all over the world about literature.
Industry officials credit the advances to the unique Korean conditions.
(Voice-over)
Listening In
Korea’s population density is very high, and already half the people live in apartment buildings that look like match boxes. This used to be a handicap, but not now. This allows us to provide the infrastructure like cyber-optics at low cost.
Listening In
A: How do you do that? B: Do you know what a discussion group is? A: No. B: Well, it’s a kind of club, except that it meets online
and anyone who’s interested can join the group. If you’re a member, you can go online anytime you want to read and reply to the messages. A: Oh, sounds really cool. Are there discussion groups for people learning English?