宾夕法尼亚大学演说
美国副总统拜登5月13日在美国宾夕法尼亚大学毕业典礼上发表演说
美国副总统拜登5月13日在美国宾夕法尼亚大学毕业典礼上发表演说，称中国是不能“另类思考”或“自由呼吸”的国度，引起在场中国学生的不满。
据香港《南华早报》22日报道，该校中国学生已经起草一封信，要求拜登做出正式道歉。
到22日为止已有343人签名，信件将先被呈递给该校校长，然后转交到拜登办公室。
拜登一向以“大嘴”著称。
英国《卫报》称，拜登13日的这场演说是“目前为止最近毕业典礼演说中最滑稽的”。
在谈到“中国人正要吃我们的午餐时”，拜登话锋一转说，“中国的问题很多，他们缺少我们所拥有的很多东西，如开放和公平的法律体系、充满活力的风险资本市场以及创新思维”，“这一切的关键是另类思考的能力，但在一个国家，你不能另类思考，你不能自由呼吸；在不能另类思考的国家，你无法挑战正统观念，因为改变只来自于挑战正统观念。
”在演讲末尾，拜登两次提到中国，还谈论了他2011年8月访问中国的10天之行。
影响一生的世界名校演讲全集
影响一生的世界名校演讲全集
（2018）。
1、《结合个人经历探讨成长——哈佛大学毕业典礼演讲》——拉萨尔·阿桑奇。
2、《学习获得力量——斯坦福大学毕业典礼演讲》——比尔·克林顿。
3、《坚持价值——牛津大学毕业典礼演讲》——坎特·威尔斯。
4、《爱的力量——耶鲁大学毕业典礼演讲》——希拉里·克林顿。
5、《担当使命——哈佛商学院毕业典礼演讲》——乔纳森·休斯。
6、《无畏承担责任——普林斯顿大学毕业典礼演讲》——乔治·布什。
7、《勇于担当——加州大学伯克利分校毕业典礼演讲》——德怀特·尼克松。
8、《挑战未来——宾夕法尼亚大学毕业典礼演讲》——奥巴马。
9、《征服梦想——加州大学洛杉矶分校毕业典礼演讲》——汤姆·汉克斯。
2011年宾夕法尼亚大学校长古德曼在迎新大会上的演讲
宾夕法尼亚大学校长古德曼在迎新大会上的演讲（2011年9月6日）Make the Most of the Stars“星星”照耀前行路校长简介：2011年9月6日，在宾夕法尼亚大学为新生举行了隆重的欢迎仪式，该校女校长古德曼在欢迎仪式上发表了演讲，为新生在未来4年的学习和生活提出了建议。
Thank you Dean Furda. This is a very good symbol. My warmest welcome to the gifted women and men of the great Class of 2015! I put it down, so I don’t use it as a weapon. Equally warm greetings to transfers, as I always say you transfer from other colleges and universities, smart move!Of course, I’m not surprised that all of you, every single one of yo u here this evening, made the smart move of coming to Penn. You’re, objectively speaking, the most talented and most diverse group of students we’ve ever enrolled... and that’s certainly saying something. Now I’ll soon see if you are also the most spirited class we’ve ever enrolled! Remember where we are!And up there in some corner there is somebody who is sitting in my seat in the Palestra. This is a great occasion for me to welcome you officially to your career at Penn. So let’s see how spirited you are. Students of the College of Arts and Sciences? Okay, this is a lesson there: be careful what you are wishing for. Nursing students? Engineering students? Whartonites? At this Convocation all of you together officially join this great University community. Today, you begin your journeys at Penn. As on any journey, you’re going to be in need of a way to navigate. And your GPS systems aren’t going to help.So, I want to share with you some advice on navigating your Penn journey-- especially if you want not only to graduate and not only to get a job, which you will, but also to live a great life that reflects your tremendous potential. So my advice to you is to make the most of the stars in front of you... the stars around you... and the stars within you.Now, I realize there’s some danger in advising you as I am about to do. Questioning and advising were two of the main occupations of somebody I admire greatly but never knew-- Socrates. You may think I’m old enough to know him, but not quite. I’m a Socratic teac her at heart, and I remember an answer that a student once gave to an essay question on Socrates, who as you know spent considerable time questioning the youth of Athens. The student wrote as follows “Socrates was a famous teacher who went about trying to give people advice. They poisoned him.” For giving you advice on this occasion, I have the trust that you’ll forgive me… or at least you won’t poison me.Let’s begin with the stars in front of you. They are the tradition—and the spirit—of Penn which all of you today inherit as official members of this community. First and foremost, these Penn stars are our spirit of inquiry and inquisitiveness—ofcreativity and innovation. All made sweeter by Penn’s audacious and irrepressible community spirit. Holding Convocation here in the Palestra, filled with years of Penn’s winning spirit, makes for a fitting start. We didn’t order up the rain, but we are happy that it brought us all here to the Palestra.I recently told Philly Magazine that my favorite spot in our city is the Palestra on game night. Now I may have to change that answer to the Palestra at the Class of 2015 Convocation! So let’s hear it for the Class of 2015.The quest for meaningful knowledge and understanding lies at the heart of our University. But this quest means more than learning the right answers-- or even asking the right questions.It means doing the work that allows you to come to know yourselves... what gives your life the most profound meaning, and joyful satisfaction.As you follow these stars in front of you, also here to guide you are the stars that surround you--your fellow students and the faculty of Penn. You make your journey alongside an amazing group of classmates. The SAT scores are grades, as Dean Furda said ,they are behind you. Ahead of you and all around you, you are surrounded by classmates who will challenge you and challenge each other to broaden your horizons...to think in new ways...and to see controversial issues from different perspectives. Don’t hesitate to argue with one another. And I also tell you food trucks offer the best deals. Some practical advice as well as some profound insights.So those are the stars around you. They of course include Penn’s fabulous faculty . Our faculty will test you. They will inspire you. They will allow you to undertake unique interdisciplinary work. And they will urge you to achieve more than you ever thought possible.I am proud to be a member of Penn’s faculty and I am also very proud that we ask far more of you than one of our sister colleges did in the 19th Century. It required all its applicants to be able to do three things:“Recite the multiplication table s, lay a fire--and mash potatoes’’ We of course expect more of you than mashed potatoes , but seriously speaking, and above all, Penn faculty will stretch your creative imaginations .The third stars to guide you are the major stars of Penn’s universe, those within you: Your dreams and your passions. Your talents and your capabilities. Your ambitions and, yes, your anxieties. The stars of our own destiny, as Schiller wrote,“are found within us.”Advance confidently in the direction of your dreams, as Thoreau wrote ,and “You will meet with a success unexpected i n common hours.”I trust that you will use the stars within you not only for your own development---but also for the development of our Penn community, our West Philadelphia community, and our global community.In his autobiography, Benjamin Franklin described his own life’s journey from Boston to Philadelphia, to allow the reader as he put it to “compare such unlikely beginnings ,with the figure I have since made...” Franklin arrived in Philadelphia with little more than three loaves of bread under his arms. Ours founder, the sage of the American Revolution --- patriot, printer, an d philosopher… statesman and scientist… inventor and innovator — Franklin would go on to live one of the most amazing livesof any American.Today, you begin your own journey with destinations that —like those of the young Franklin --- are yet unknown. My advice to you is deceptively simple: Guide yourselves by the stars in front of you… the stars around you… and above all, the stars inside you.And as your take your first — perhaps anxious — steps on your journeys, please remember that we’re here not just to challenge you, but most significantly to support you.One day, each of you will look back on your unique journeys here. You will find it to be totally different from Franklin’ s in where it takes you—but similarly amazing in what you have learned, who you have befriended, what you have created and contributed... and above all in the person you will have become.If you had asked me what I thought my own destination would be when I was beginning my college journey, I would have said teaching math. I wanted to be a math teacher. I loved math and I still love math. That’s what I set out to do in college. But here I am with you at Penn never having taught math. Truth be told, I’m even more excited about the journey you’re about to begin than I was about my own college journey, because on the top of how much you’ll create, how much you contribute, and how much you grow as a person, it’s just so much fun to be at Penn!So to you, the members of great Class of 2015, I say, welcome to the Penn community. Follow the stars, and really enjoy the journey and go Quakers!Thank you!谢谢你，福达主任，这是一个非常好的象征物。
宾夕法尼亚大学英文介绍
Penn offers full-time undergraduate study in four of its 12 schools and interdisciplinary programs that allow students to draw on the resources of the entire University.
程和应用科学学
院
✓ School of Nursing 护理学院
✓ Wharton School沃 顿商学院
Detailedly，Penn possesses 12 concrete institute：Arts and Sciences(文 理), Business Management(商业管理), Engineering(工程), Medical Science(医学), Nursing(护理), Dentist(牙医), Veterinarian(兽医), Law(法学), Design and Planning(设计与规划), Educating(教育), Social Work(社会工作) and Communication(通讯).
Environment &building
宾夕法尼亚大学的建 筑由卡普和斯特沃森设 计，两位建筑师融合了 英国牛津大学与剑桥大 学的建筑风格，在保留 一些哥特式建筑古老元 素的同时，创新并发展 出了全新的校园哥特式 建筑风格。学校中心校 区面积269英亩（约1平方 公里），并向费城西部 延伸，东北面与爵硕大 学相邻，形成了拥有众 多院系和研究所的校园。
Penn’s education focuses on students’ development of interdisciplinary study and research ,it allows undergraduates to take Interdisciplinary Programs.
PA_宾夕法尼亚州州立大学简介
宾夕法尼亚州州立大学宾夕法尼亚州立大学建于1855年，位于宾夕法尼亚州的斯泰特科利奇，在全国共有20个分校，现有在校学生80000多人，共有160多个专业可以授予学士学位，150多个专业可以授予硕士或/和博士学位。
学校集教学、科研和公共服务于一体，为美国乃至全世界培养了大批优秀人才，是一所享有极高声誉的综合性公立高等学府。
学校概况宾州州立大学创建于1855年，为宾州最高及最优良的学府之一，不过宾州州立大学不是一个单独的学校，而是由20个分校组成的大学系统（简称 Penn State），其主校区在帕克校区（University Park），其他19个校区则分布在宾州州内各地，极大地方便了宾州教育、科技的发展，宾州州立大学大阿勒格尼校区（简称PSGA）便是其中之一。
宾州州立大学历史悠久，在全美的高等学府的排名亦名列前茅，并且时有创举，例如创立了全美第一所拥有工业工程学系的学府及第一所提供跨领域数学的学府。
因为是公立学府，因此研究经费充足，师资优良，这里的教授们在各个领域都是学有专攻，十分受学生的爱戴。
帕克主校区设有文理、农业、建筑、商科、教育、公众传播、工程、健康和人类发展等多个学系，其中最好的学科为商科、工程、理科、新闻和传播、农业等。
理工科专业如地球科学、航天工程、化学、统计学、天文学、电子工程、计算机、土木工程、化学工程、机械工程等都获全美排名前40名之列。
学生在大阿勒格尼校区学完两年的本科课程后，可以转到帕克主校区继续学习，有160多个专业可以选择。
60%的宾州州立大学学生都喜欢以这样“2+2”的形式完成本科学业。
申请任一分校都需要填宾州州立大学统一的申请表，选好自己喜欢的校区后，还可以选择一个备选校区。
宾州州立大学于1990年加入美国”Big Ten”联盟，即“十大联盟”。
这个联盟的特点是学校规模庞大，学生多，历史悠久，教学优秀，目前20个分校大约有84,000名学生就读，同时还吸引了大约3639名来自132个国家的国际学生。
丹泽尔·华盛顿宾夕法尼亚毕业演讲：失败时依旧向前![双语]
![丹泽尔·华盛顿宾夕法尼亚毕业演讲：失败时依旧向前![双语]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/243182b410661ed9ad51f3a7.png)
I was a 1.8 GPA one semester and the university very politely suggested that it might be better to take some time off.
古话说得好：“在理发店外徘徊时间长了，迟早有人会帮你剪发。”
So, you will catch your break and I did catch a break.
你会等到你的机会，而我确实也等到了机会。
Last year I did a play called Fences on Broadway.
托马斯·爱迪生曾经有1000次试验失败。
Did you know that?
你知道吗？
I didn't know that.
我以前也不知道。
Because the 1,001st was the light bulb.
而第1001次试验他发明了电灯泡。
Fall forward.
向前倒。
有一个学期我的GPA只有1.8，学校很体面地建议我考虑休学一段时间。
I was 20 years old, I was at my lowest point but here's the thing, I didn't quit, I didn't fall back.
当时我只有20岁，正处于人生的最低谷，但问题是，我没有放弃，也没有退缩。
You will fail at some point in your life.
你会在人生的某个时刻失败。
教育体系 宾夕法尼亚大学概况.DOC
XX教育体系宾夕法尼亚大学概况美国教育体系宾夕法尼亚大学概况今天，天空中下着蒙蒙细雨，我们来到了声明显赫的美国宾夕法尼亚大学所在地-费城，我带了一把伞，准备拿出来，但一看美国那里的人，几乎没有人打伞，很奇怪，还是入乡随俗吧，我就把伞放了回去。
费城这个地方总体来说是个非常适宜生活、学习的地方，相对来说有一些安静，是美国第5大城市，仅次于纽约、洛杉矶、芝加哥和休斯敦;是全美第4大都会区。
费城地理位置优越，离纽约大约2小时车程，向西南距离首都华盛顿约3小时车程。
宾夕法尼亚大学位于费城的城西，也就是费城的大学区，周围还有Drexel University，Temple University，都是大家比较喜欢的大学。
下了雨，空气格外清新，宾夕法尼亚大学的校园显得特别干净，我们争先恐后在本杰明、富兰克林的雕塑前照相以作留念。
提到宾夕法尼亚大学，大家首先想到的就是沃顿商学院，世界级的最著名的商学院，培养了无数各个领域的接触的商界精英。
大家熟知的全球著名的投资商沃伦·巴菲特Warren Buffett曾经在此商学院就读过财务和商业管理相关的课程。
沃顿商学院的教学楼从外面看是非常普通的，只是一个类似圆柱形的红色的楼，但进到里面就完全不一样了，一楼的前台接待台看起来就很不错，连下面的地毯上面都有宾大沃顿商学院的标。
到了二层，就看到了很多的小单间的小教室，主要是为了方便小组讨论，三三两两的同学都在激烈地谈论着自己的想法。
也赶上了正在上课的同学们，他们围坐在投影仪前，类似圆桌会议，教授正在激昂的讲，班里大概有二十个左右的学生，这里的学生看起来要比国内的大学生成熟的多。
今年我有一个学生经过面试之后被放在了“waiting List”里面了，希望学生最后能够如愿以偿。
沃顿拥有全球最大的商学院校友网络，在全球73个地区建立了校友会，在美国本土以外有47个，为校友们提供职业和个人发展机会。
紧挨着商学院的是教育学院，也是宾夕法尼亚大学比较牛的院校之一，也是能排到全美前10位。
丹泽尔演讲稿
丹泽尔·华盛顿宾夕法尼亚大学毕业典礼演讲英文讲稿英文原稿President Gutmann, Provost Price, Board Chair Cohen, fellow honorees, beautiful honorees, and today’s graduates:I’m honored and grateful for the invitation today. It's always been great to be on the Penn campus. I've been here before a lot of times for basketball games. My son played at the Palestra, played on the basketball team. Yeah, that's right, play on the basketball team. Coach didn't give him enough playing time, but we'll talk about that later. No, I’m really pleased with the progress that Coach Allen has made. No I did, I really am. And I hope them the best success in the future.Still, I’ll be honest with you: I’m a little nervous. I am not used to speaking at a graduation of this magnitude. It is a little overwhelming. It's out of my comfort zone. You dress me up in army fatigues. Throw me on top of a moving train. Someone said "Unstoppable". Or ask me to play Malcolm X, Rubin Hurricane Carter, Alonzo from Training Day: I can do that. But a commencement speech? It’s a very serious affair.It's a very different ballgame. There’s literally thousands and thousands of people here.And for those who say—you're a movie star, millions of people watch you speak all the time…That's true. Yes, that’s technically true. But I’m not actually in the theater—watching them watching me. I think that makes sense. I mean I'm not there when they cough… or fidget around… or pull out their iPhone and text their boyfriend… or scratch their behinds. Whatever they are known to be doing in a movie theater. But from up here: I can see every single one of you. And that makes me uncomfortable. So please, don’t pull out your iPhone and do n't text your boyfriend until after I’m done. But if you need to scratch your behinds, I understand. Go ahead.I was thinking about the speech, what should I say. I figured the best way to keep your attention, would be to talk about some really juicy Hollywood stuff. Like I thought about, me and Russell Crowe getting into some arguments on the set of American Gangster…but no. You’re a group of high-minded intellectuals. You’re not interested in that. Oh, maybe not. I thought about that “private” moment. I h ad backstage with Angelina Jolie in the dressing room at the Oscars? But I say no. I don’t think so. This is an Ivy League school. Angelina Jolie half-naked in her dressing room…? Who wants to hear about that? No one, no one, no one, no one, this is Penn. That stuff would never go over well here. Maybe at Drexel—but not over here. I’m in trouble now. I was back to square one—and feeling the pressure. So now you're probably thinking. If it was gonna be this difficult, this much pressure. Why’d I even accept today’s invitation? In the first place? Well, you know my son goes here. That’s No.1. That’s a good reason. And I always like to check to see how my money’s being spent. And I’m sure there's some parents out there who can relate to what I'm talking about! There everybody upstairs. And there were some other good reasons for me to show up. Sure, I got an Academy Award, but I never had something called “Magic Meatballs” after waiting in line for half an hour at a food truck. Yes, I talkedface-to-face with President Obama, but I never talked face-to-face with a guy named “Kweeder”, who sings bad songs at Smokes on a Tuesday night. I've never been a buis, I've never been a himos. Yes, I've played a detective battling demons, but I’ve never been to a school in my life. Where the squirrel population has gone bananas, breaking into the dorm rooms and taking over campus. I think I saw some carrying books on the way to class! So I had to be here. I had to come… even though I was afraid I might make a fool of myself. I n fact… if you really want to know the truth: I had to come… exactly because, I had to come exactly because I might make a fool of myself. What am I talking about? Here it is: I’ve found that nothing in life is worthwhile unless you take risks. Nothing. Ne lson Mandela said: “There is no passion to be found playing small in settling for a life that's less than the one you're capable of living.” I’m sure in your experiences—in school, in applying to college… in pickingyour major in deciding what you want to do with life people have told you to make sure you have something to “fall back on.” make sure you have something to “fall back on” honey. But I've never understood that concept, having something to fall back on. If I'm going to fall, I don't want to fall back on anything, except my faith. I want to fall… forward. At least I figure that way I'll see what I'm about to hit. Fall forward. Here's what I mean: Reggie Jackson struck out twenty-six-hundred times in his career the most in the history of baseball. But you don't hear about the strikeouts. People remember the home runs. Fall forward. Thomas Edison conducted 1,000 failed experiments. Did you know that? I didn't know that. Because #1,001 was the light bulb. Fall forward. Every failed experiment is one step closer to success. You've gotto take risks. And I'm sure you've probably heard that before. But I want to talk to you about why it’s so important. I’ve got three reasons—and then you can pick up your iPhones. First… you will fail at some point in your life. Accept it. You will lose. You will embarrass yourself. You will suck at something. There is no doubt about it. That’s probably not a traditional message for a graduation ceremony. But, hey I’m telling you—embrace it. Because it’s inevitable. And I sh ould know: In the acting business, you fail all the time. Early on in my career, I auditioned for a part in a Broadway musical. A perfect role for me, I thought except for the fact that I can’t sing. So I'm in the wings, about to go on stage but the guy in front of me, he is singing like... like... like Pavarotti just go on and on and on and on. And I am just shrinking getting smaller and smaller... so I said thank you, thank you very much, you'll be here from us. So I come out with my sheet music and it wa s “Just My Imagination” by the Temptations, that’s what I came up with. So I hand it to the accompanist, and she looks at it and looks at me and looks at the director... so I start to sing and so they're not saying anything. I think I must be getting better, so I start getting into it. They said "thank you, thank you very much, Mr. Washington, thank you." So I assume I didn't get the job. But the next part of audition they call me back. The next part of the audition is the acting part of audition. I figure, I can’t sing, but I know I can act. So they paired me with this guy and again I didn't know about musical theatre. And musical theatre is big, so they can reach everyone all the way in the back of the stadium and I was more from a realistic naturalistic kind of acting way. You know you actually talk to the person next to you. So I don't know what my line was, my line was "hand me the cup" his line was, “Wel l, I will hand you the cup, my dear, my cup will be there to be handed to you." I said, OK, well, should I give you the cup back? Oh yeah, you should give it back to me, because you know that is my cup. And that it should be given back to me. I didn't get the job. But here's the thing: I didn’t quit. I didn't fall back. I walked out of there to prepare for the next audition, and the nextaudition, and the next audition. I prayed and I prayed, and I prayed but I continued to fail, fail and fail. But it didn’t matter. Because you know what? There is an old saying: you hang around a barbershop long enough, sooner or later you are gonna get a haircut. You will catch a break. And I did catch a break. Last year I did a play called Fences on Broadway someone talked about it and I won a Tony Award. And I didn’t have to sing, by the way. And here’s the kicker—it was at the Court Theater, it's the same theater that I failed that first audition 30 years prior. The point is, and I will pick up the page. The point is, every graduate here today has the training and the talent to succeed. But do you have the guts to fail? Here's my second point about failure: If you don't fail… you’re not even trying. I'll say it again. If you don't fail… you're not even trying. My wife told me this great expression: “To get something you never had, you have to do something you never did.” Les Brown, a motivational speaker, made an analogy about this. Imagine you're on your deathbed and standing around your deathbed are the ghosts representing your unfulfilled potential. The ghosts of the ideas you never acted on. The ghosts of the talents you didn't use. And they're standing around your bed. Angry. Disappointed. And upset. “We came to you because you could have brought us to life,” they say. “And now we have to go to the grave together.” So I ask you today: How many ghosts are gonna be around your bed when your time comes? You have invested a lot in your education. And people have invested in you. And let me tell you, the world needs your talents more than it does ever. I just got back from Africa two days ago. So I am rambling on because I am jetlegged. I just got back from South Africa. It's a beautiful country, but there are places there with terrible poverty that needs help. And Africa is just the tip of the iceberg.The Middle East needs your help.Japan needs your help.Alabama needs your help and Tennessee needs your help.Louisiana needs your help.Philadelphia needs your help.The world...The world needs a lot—and we need it from you, we really do, we need it from you, young people. I mean I am not speaking for the rest of us up here. I know I am getting a little greyer. We need it from you, the young people. So remember this. So get outthere. You gotta give it everything you've got, whether it's your time, your talent, your prayers, or your treasures. Because remember this: You’ll never see a U-Haul behind a hearse. I'll say that again. You’ll never see a U-Haul behind a hearse. I will say it again you'll never see a U-Haul behind a hearse. You can't take it with you. The Egyptians tried it and all they got was robbed!So the question is: So what are you going to do with what you have?And I'm not talking how much you have.Some of you are business majors.Some of you are theologians, nurses, sociologists.Some of you have money.Some of you have patience.Some of you have kindness.Some of you have love. Some of you have the gift of long-suffering.Whatever it is, whatever your gift is.-What are you going to do with what you have?Alright now, here's my last point about failure:Sometimes it's the best way to figure out where you're going.Your life will never be a straight path. I began at Fordham University as a pre-med student. I took a course called “Cardiac Morphogenesis.” I still can't say it. “Cardiac Morphogenesis.” I couldn’t read it. I couldn't say it… and I am sure I couldn't pass it. Then I decided to go into pre-law. Then journalism. With no academic focus, my grades took off in their own direction: down. I was a 1.8 GPA in one semester, and the university very politely suggested it might be better to take some time off. I was 20 years old. I was at my lowest point. And then one day—and I remember the exact day: March 27th, 1975. I was helping my mother in her beauty shop. My mother owned a beauty shop up in Mount Vernon. There was this old woman who was considered one of the eldest in the town. I didn't know her personally. I was looking in the mirror. Every time I looked into the mirror, I can see it behind me. She was staring at me. She just kept looking at me. Every time I looked at her, she kept givingme these strange looks. She finally took the drier off her head and said something to me I’ll never forget: first of all, somebody gives me a piece of paper. She said,” Young boy,”“I have a prophecy: a spiritual prophecy: she said you are going to travel the world and speak to millions of people.” I mind you I'm twenty years old. I've flunk out of school. In fact, like a wise-ass, I’m thinking to myself: Maybe she's got something in that crystal ball about me getting back to school next fall? But maybe she was onto something. Because later that summer, while working as a counselor at a YMCA camp in Connecticut, we put on a talent show for the campers. After the show, another counselor came up to me and asked: “Have you ever thought about acting? You’re good at that.” When I got back to Fordham that fall. I got in. I changed my major once again for the last time. And in the years that followed just as that woman prophesized I have traveled the world and I have spoken to millions of people through my movies. Millions who—up till today I couldn’t see while I was talking to them. And they couldn't see me, because they could only see the movie. They couldn't see the real me. But I see you today. And I'm encouraged by what I see. And I'm strengthened by what I see. And I love what I see. one more page, and I'll shut up. Let me conclude with this one final point. Actually the president kind of brought it up. It has to do with the movie "Philadelphia". She stole my material. Many years ago, I did this movie called "Philadelphia". We filmed some of the scenes right here on campus. Philadelphia came out in 1993, when most of you were probably still in diapers. Some of the professors, too. I cracked up myself. But it was a good movie. Rent it on Netflix. It's a good movie. I get 23 cents every time you rent it. Parents up there, rent it from Netflix please. Tell your friends, too! It's about a man, played by Tom Hanks, who's fired from his law firm because he has AIDS. He wants to sue the firm, but no one's willing to represent him until a homophobic, ambulance-chasing lawyer—played by yours truly takes on the case. In a way, if you watch the movie, you'll see everything I’m talking about today. You'll see what I mean about taking risks or being willing to fail. Because taking a risk is not just about going for a job.It's also about knowing what you know and what you don't know. It’s about being open to people and to ideas. In the course of the film, the character I play begins to take small steps. Small risks He very very very slowly begins to overcome his fears, and ultimately his heart becomes flooded with love. And I can't think of a better message as we send you off today. To not only take risks, but to be open to life. To accept new views and to be open to new opinions. To be willing to speak at commencement at one of the best universities in the country. Even though you're scared stiff. While it may be frightening, it will also be rewarding. Because the chances you take…the people you meet…the people you love...the faith that yo uhave—that's what's going to define your life. So… members of the class of 2011: This is your mission: When you leave the friendly confines of Philly: Never be discouraged. Never hold back. And when you fall throughout life and maybe even tonight after a few too many glasses of champagne remember this fall forward.Congratulations, I love you.God bless you, I respect you.。
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宾夕法尼亚大学演说富兰克林罗斯福（1940/9/20）校长先生，我的加拿大的首席法官朋友，以及学校里所有我的朋友们，我为有幸能带上这头巾感到十分荣幸。
对于宾夕法尼亚大学的现状，我感到十分开心。
但对于学校建立者选择在1740年建校，我并不是十分满意的。
也许，他们有极其重要的原因，而这原因正是我长期以来在寻找与揣摩的。
为了避免让200年校庆碰上选举年，他们没有在1739年建校。
因此对于我，至少避免了许多的尴尬。
但是我今天想对你们说的话与1939年的秋天有关。
这些话我早已准备好了，并且通俗易懂。
那时，我们处于世界文明再度衰败的奇怪历史阶段，一些国家都已规定要焚烧学者书籍，并由政府颁布关于国家宗教，道德，文化和信仰的法令。
与此刻我与大家一道，庆祝这所独立自由的的学校成立200周年相比，那绝对不仅仅是一种形式。
因此，我为自己是宾夕法尼亚大学的毕业生而感到万分之荣幸。
大学建校与宗教教义自由以及无力偿付高等教育费用的人的学习自由是息息相关的。
以我对历史的了解，学校一开始时被选为乔治怀特菲尔德博士的讲道地点。
博士很友善，受人尊敬。
他过去常常去我在哈德孙河旁的荷兰小镇。
博士在这能躲开费城保守派为他讲道设置的恶意刁难。
事实上，当已建立的教堂将这个友善绅士拒之门外时，人们非常希望他不用再在露天下，在日晒雨淋中讲道。
同时学校建立者们也梦想能将它变成穷苦人家孩子接受教育的资源。
没有这所学校，孩子们将无法学习。
在这两百年中，学校的幸存和成长是永恒力量的特殊象征。
这种力量植根于美国人类思想与行动自由的理念中。
真诚服务是这项真理的原因。
对于这种服务的有效期和影响，我们有活生生的例子可以证明。
当今世界的事情使我们绝大多数的公民越来越清晰地思考他们自由的成长方式，并让他们思考旧时代的人们，为了赢得并建立自由政府，是该付出多大努力的斗争与工作啊。
随着你获得了政治自由，你也应该记得在亚历山大汉密尔顿与托马斯杰斐逊之间有过观点的分歧。
亚历山大杰斐逊坚信由少数公共主意精神和富裕公民共同治理的政府的优越性。
而另一方面，杰斐逊支持政府应由人民选出的代表来治理，他支持思想自由，个人生存自由，宗教自由，言论自由等普遍权利。
而最重要的是选举自由。
许多杰斐逊思想派的人承认，汉米尔顿以及他的派别具有更高的动力和漠不关心程度。
那时候的许多美国人都愿意承认如果政府保证能像汉米尔顿所所提议的一样，一直保持在为民服务的较高水准上，那就没有什么可担心的了。
因为汉米尔顿思想的基础，就是通过四年一次的选举制度，保证在适合治理的人中选出最为优秀的人。
而这种选举是局限于受过及其高等的教育与最为成功的人士之中的。
但是时间使事情明朗化。
正是杰斐逊指出，基于所有人性的弱点，汉米尔顿的理论必定会在为私政府，或个人利益政府，或等级政府中得到长期的发展而这最终会导致选举自由的废除。
因为杰斐逊认识到，正是自由的，无任何阻碍的选举才是政府受欢迎的最为可靠的保障。
不论学位高低，财产的多寡，只要国家的选举人能再选举中自由做出决定，而没有任何妨碍，那么这个国家就没有理由担心专制。
在我们将近150年的整个历史中，有很多的美国人都试图将选举限制于少数人群中。
就在25年前，哈佛大学校长艾略特在向我讲事情时，这样子总结了他的观点：“罗斯福，我深信，即使我们在美国加倍建造大学，即使高等教育似乎进入了全盛时期，但是，如果选举局限于具有大学文聘的人的话，那么短短几年内，美国就会走下坡路。
”似乎一个后辈对前辈听众这样说话是不礼貌的，但是我这种观点的依据来自于一名教育家。
这名教育家以他为全国传播大学教育所作的努力而闻名。
我必须承认，就他对所有选举人应享有至高无上的权利，用以在自由的，无阻碍的选举中，通过政治与社会议题。
以及他反对社会阶层顶端的少数人群享有绝对权利的看法，我完全赞同。
关于我们的候选人以及选举，-----要记得我正试图将今年看做是1939，我宁愿相信工厂中，包括厂长，所有副厂长，董事会，经理，领班，以及所有劳工在内的所有人的共同判断，而不愿相信在当时具有经济掌控权的少数人的判断。
我想，在这种问题上，比起农场主一个人的判断，农场主，农民以及农场上所有人的共同决策会更全面。
在对政府有影响的问题上，我宁愿依靠包括铁路局长，主管，工程师，领班，制动员，售票员，电报员，行李搬运工，以及其他所有人在内的共同意见，也不愿相信具有管理权，或是主要持股的少数人的单独意见。
我们经常，在政治历史中了解到许多的例子关于社会上层的少数人试图建议或命令底层的人应该如何投票。
我非常抱歉地说，即使今天，在一些地方，仍要求恢复由少数人掌控的政府。
这些人，因为商业能力或经济上广博的知识，就要求比普通居民具有更高的权利。
当我是哈佛的学生时，我学了四年的经济学。
现在，老师教我的所有东西都已遗忘了。
随着年龄增长，我对经济学就越不了解了，我想我们大多数人都这样。
在汉米尔顿时期，我们这代人需给予那些要求政府应由少数人控制的人们以纯洁思想与宏伟理想的荣誉。
但是，他们的这种政治思想易导致由自私追求者治理的政府去追求权利，财富与荣誉。
因为存在很大的危险，就是一旦政府落入少数杰出人手中，自由选举的简化甚至是废除都将作为这群人保持权利的方式。
我永远都不会忘记，最近有一些好心的人一本正经地向我提议道，对于美国人中不是因为自己的过错失业的，但为养家糊口，而不得不依靠政府救济项目工作的人，美国不能给予他们选举权。
只要自由选举定期开展，就不会有人能长期控制美国政府。
在自由选举依然持续的情况下，就能使我们的政府得到永久的，十足的安全。
历史上没有独裁者敢实行真正的自由选举。
像这些我们经常陈述的根本理由在美国人中也许已经平淡无奇了，但是，我们必须将它们时刻记在脑海中，以明白在其他国家发生了什么。
比如说，十年前。
1930年，德国人民对他们基于自由选举权上的民主感到绝望。
他们愿意倾听另一种叫“纳粹”的教义。
纳粹是指有着狂热爱国主义的一小部分人群，他们通过少数拥有特殊才能的人为政府制定规则来向大家提供面包，临时避难所与更好的政府。
在那些日子里，这群人大声宣扬，他们的重点在于目的的单纯性。
他们从没有说过任何关于废除自由选举的事情。
大企业的许多人受多种因素的影响，对正在进行的民主体系感到十分不满并与这少数人群结成了政治和经济联盟。
你和我都知道德国接下来的历史。
对政府领导者的自由选举和自由决策权突然被这新的统治集团一扫而光，但他们仍然称目的是单纯的。
如果说，在现在的德国还有任何公务员的选举或1933年还存在的话，那就是对事实的歪曲了。
杰斐逊所预言的也许会发生在我们国家。
如果限制选举和特殊阶层统治政府的理论为大家所接受的话，那么在德国发生的就真的会发生在我们眼前。
许多年前在旧金山讲话时，我指出，新的情况对政府和治理政府的人提出了新的要求。
正如杰斐逊在很久以前写到：“我也知道法律和政府机构应随着人类思想的进步而一代代传承下来。
当我们有了新发现，新事实，以及当方式与思想随着环境的变化而改变时，我们的政府机构必须向前走，与时俱进。
”我们必须毫无怨言地跟随那条规律，始终让在政府机构与经济方式中发生的任何变化在相同的，古老的政府民主选举模式中得以延续。
我很多次提出，西部移民和未开发土地的自由使用已随着工业化时代的到来而结束了。
蒸汽与电的新发明带来了新变化，一方面，在金融与工业中产生了新的关系。
另一方面，也产生了大量的工人与少数的商人。
并且，为了防止新的金融与工业集团伤害或遏制来自规模虽小，但数量居多的其他集团的竞争，政府的调控显得十分需要。
同时，也在政府职责中为全体人民的人道加入了新的信仰。
在美国生活中，考虑政府关系是较新的话题。
这种关系存在于受饿居民，失业居民和为完成政府对于其职责中。
一个时代以前，人们几乎没有考虑过“社会安全“，”最低工资“，“最大时限。
”在最近几年，政府才对以下问题进行正式有效的考虑。
他们包括银行存款保险问题，土壤保护问题，对农民和农场租用人的救济问题。
廉价水电力的发展问题，适当运用水域和森林地区开拓土地问题，对安全买卖中诈骗的防治问题，工厂工人集体契约原则的保证问题，政府对盲人及生活不便人士的援助问题，及照顾老年人而不将其送入贫民所的需要问题。
这些只是社会公平新手段中的一些。
他们使得美国不得不应对新的工业，农业，金融，和劳工情况。
这些情况已被人忽视得太久了，并且它们正在开始破坏我们的内部安全。
这许多手段已被我们这代人采纳，用来对服我们国家中的经济民主威胁。
这些威胁在其他国家会迅速导致政治独裁。
这所学校的建立应归功于本杰明富兰克林。
他知道自然科学，道德和社会科学的基本法则是永恒的，经久不变的。
这些法则的应用必定会随着一代代人生活模式的变化而变化。
要是今日他与我们同在，我非常确信他肯定会坚持说将永恒不变的真理，仁慈和公正发扬光大完全是哲学家和教育家的责任。
这些真理，仁慈和公正关乎现在而非过去。
成长与变化是所有生命的法则。
昨天的答案并不能充分解决今日的问题。
正像今日的解决之道不能满足明天的需要。
永恒的真理并不会永远正确或万古长青，除非他们在每个新的社会阶段有种新的含义。
学校和所有美国重要学习机构的作用就在于为国民向年轻人传递我们的最优秀的文化提供一种连续性。
这些文化已在历史的烈火中经受了考验。
锻炼年轻人的思想和才能，以及通过富有创新的国民精神，依据未来的要求提高美国教育机构也是教育的职责。
我们不能总是为年轻人创造未来，但我们能为未来创造年轻人。
正是在像这样的学校，那些能保证我们国家安全与创造明日历史的思想才会被锻造和磨砺。
那些男的，女的，认识的与不认识的创造了我们大部分的文明。
他们自由的，探索的思想和永不停歇的智慧并不能会被专制的力量压倒。
这并不是任何一个人能退缩进铁塔，并宣布自己远离社会的一切问题和痛苦的时候。
时代要求大家勇敢地相信人的努力能改变世界，并且这些努力能带来更新与更好的东西。
没有人能仅仅通过转移他的视线就使连接他与社会的纽带分离开来。
他必须接纳并对新信息保持敏感。
要有足够的勇气和技能去面对新的事实并去应对它们。
如果民主得以幸存，那么它就是人们思想，也是人们行动的任务，即将傲慢与偏见放于一边，带上勇气和全心全意的奉献精神，最为重要的是带上人道，去找寻能使人自由的真理，并传授这些真理。
带着这种目的，我们就可以找到个人的宁静，即便不是永远的安宁，但努力地话，依然可以在做一件事时获得满足，得到一些深刻的成就感，因为我们做到了我们能力之外的事情，并获得了比我们迄今所获得的更为荣耀的知识。