love-is-a-fallacy(英语修辞与写作-lecture-6-1)
love-is-a-fallacy(英语修辞与写作-lecture-6-1)PPT课件
8. A society is free if and only if liberty is maximized and people are required to take responsibility for their actions.
10. Understatement (It must not be thought
that I was without lo.ve for this girl.)
6
Logical fallacies in the story
▪ Dicto Simpliciter ▪ Hasty generalization ▪ Post hoc ▪ Contradictory premises ▪ Ad Misericordiam (Appeal to pity) ▪ False analogy ▪ Hypothesis contrary to fact ▪ Poisoning the well (Ad Hominem)
9. Analogy (It was like digging a tunnel. At first, everything was work, sweat, and darkness. … But I persisted. I pounded and clawed and scraped, and finally I was rewarded. I saw a chink of light. And then the chink got bigger and the sun came pouring in and all was bright.)
高级英语课件-Love-is-a-Fallacy
Detailed Study of the Text
Ⅱ. Background Information
Explanation of thelogical Fallacies A logical argument gives evidence to
support some conclusion.
two necessary parts:
a conclusion the thesis argues for certain premises or facts on which to base
the conclusion
The conclusion is to be inferred from the premises.
Ⅲ. Learning Focus
Structure of the Narration
1. The protagonist: Dobie Gillis--- a self conceited freshman
2. The antagonist: Petey Burch--- his stupid roommate Polly Espy--- the beautiful dumb girl
4) False Analogy
“It doe not follow” arises when there is not even a deceptively plausible appearance of valid reasoning, because the given premises have virtually nothing to do with the conclusion drawn from them.
love is a fallacy
John Ruskin -- (1819-1900)
English critic and social theorist • a writer on art and architecture • In his later writings he attacked social and economic problems • Modern Painters • The Stones of Venice • The Seven Lamps of Architecture • Time and Tide
• Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as… Old china and Dream’s Children (para.1)
paraphrase:Charles Lamb is an unusual guy full of merry spirit, energy and initiative, who sets free the informal essay by his two essays Old China and Dream’s Children unfetter-- set free/let sth go freely / be completely out of control unfetter the productive forces 解放生产力 A month of sundays:(colloquial) a long time.
L/O/G/O
love is a fallacy
By Max Shulman
李丽 0812010309
Detailed study of the text: • title -- humorous/ well chosen – 1. When "fallacy" is taken in its ordinary sense, the title means:
LoveisaFallacy解读
爱情就是谬误马克斯舒尔曼查尔斯．兰姆是一个世所罕见的性情欢快、富有进取心的人，他那笔下的散文《古瓷器》和《梦中的孩子》无拘无束、自由奔放。
实在令人难忘。
下面这篇文章比兰姆的作品更加自由奔放。
实际上，用“自由奔放”的字眼来形容这篇文章并不十分确切，或许用“柔软”、“轻松”或“轻软而富有弹性”更为恰如其分。
尽管很难说清这篇文章是属于哪一类，但可以肯定它是一篇散文小品文。
它提出了论点。
引用了许多例证，并得出了结论。
卡菜尔能写得更好吗?罗斯金呢?这篇文章意在论证逻辑学非但不枯燥乏味而且活泼、清新、富于关感和激情，并给人以启迪。
诸位不妨一读。
——作者注我这个人头脑冷静，逻辑思维能力强。
敏锐、慎重、聪慧、深刻、机智一一这些就是我的特点。
我的大脑像发电机一样发达，孳化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锋利。
一一你知道吗?我才十八岁呀。
年纪这么轻而智力又如此非凡的人并不常有。
就拿在明尼苏达大学跟我同住一个房间的皮蒂·伯奇来说吧，他跟我年龄相哆’经历一样，可他笨得像头驴。
小伙子长得年轻漂亮，可惜脑子里却空空如也。
他易于激动，情绪反复无常，容易受别人的影响。
最糟的是他爱赶时髦。
我认为，赶时髦就是最缺乏理智的表现。
见到一 q9种新鲜的东西就跟着学，以为别人都在那么干，自己也就卷进去傻干——这在我看来，简直愚蠢至极，但皮蒂却不以为然。
一天下午我看见皮蒂躺在床上，脸上显露出一种痛苦不堪的表情，我立刻断定他是得了阑尾炎。
“别动，”我说，“别吃泻药，我就请医生来。
”“浣熊，”他咕哝着说。
“浣熊?”我停下来问道。
“我要一件浣熊皮大衣，”他痛苦地哭叫着。
我明白了，他不是身体不舒服，而是精神上不太正常。
“你为什么要浣熊皮大衣?”“我本早该知道，”他哭叫着，用拳头捶打着太阳穴，“我早该知道查尔斯登舞再度流行时，浣熊皮大衣也会时兴起来的。
我真傻，钱都买了课本，可现在不能买浣熊皮大衣了。
”我带着怀疑的眼神问道：“你是说人们真的又要穿浣熊皮大衣吗?”“校园里有身分的人哪个不穿?你刚从哪儿来?”“图书馆，”我说了一个有身分的人不常去的地方。
Unit_5_Love_is_a_Fallacy爱是谬论 高英
Theme Song Lyrics Dobie, wants a little cutie,
Dobie, wants a little beauty, Dobie wants a gal to call his own
Any size, any style, any eyes, any smile, Any Jean, any Jane, any Joan.
"Dobie Gillis"
The moral of the story is "You can't always get what you want, but if you try some time, you just might find, you get what you need."
Cupid Zelda hits her target (Dobie)
Quotations from Dobie Gillis (1)
"My name is Dobie Gillis and I like girls. What am I saying? I love girls! Love 'em! Beautiful, gorgeous, soft, round, creamy girls. Now, I'm not a wolf, mind you. No, you see a wolf wants lots of girls, but me? Well, I just want one. One beautiful, gorgeous, soft, round, creamy girl for my very own. That's all I want! One lousy girl!""But I'll tell you a sad, hard fact. I'm never gonna get a girl. Never. Why? Because to get a girl you need money . And standing between me and money is a powerful obstacle: a POWERFUL obstacle!"
高级英语课件-Love-is-a-Fallacy讲课讲稿
Teaching Focus
piece of narrative writing.
The narrator of the story, Dobie Gillis, a self-conceited freshman in a school
struggles against Petey Burch, his stupid roommate whose girl friend he plans to steal and Polly Espy, the beautiful dumb girl he intends to marry after suitable
Teaching Methods
1. Teacher-oriented teaching method 2. Student-oriented teaching method 3. The elicited method
Teaching Procedure
Ⅰ. Introductory Remarks Ⅱ. Background Information Ⅲ. Learning Focus Ⅳ. Key words and Expressions Ⅴ. Explanation of the Text
Unit 4
Love Is a Fallacy
Max Shulman
Teaching Plan
Teaching Objectives
love is a fallacy一文中修辞手段的应用
love is a fallacy一文中修辞手段的应用美国著名的幽默作家Max Shu man的精彩之作Love is aFallcy;语句幽默,运用了多种修辞方法,充满讽刺意味,达到了很好的语言表现效果。
明喻：一种最常见的修辞方法,就是将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物加以对比,用另一种事物比方所要说明的事物，使语言形象生动0Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellowv as you wa month of Sundaysmcet h ypineo sous ie poerhlas a dgnmo as prcie as a chenefs scales as penetrating as a scalpel 暗喻：隐喻要靠读者自己去意会的比喻。
隐喻没有指明两个不同事物共同点而是用一个具有形象意义的词来直接称谓代替)某个事物。
这情,更具表that logic, far fion being a dry pedantic discipline, is a living breath inth ing fill of beauty passion, and traumaMaybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her m ind a fwembers still smolded Maybe samehow I cou ld fan them into flamt借代：文章时不直接说出所要表达的人或事物,而是借用与它有密切相关的人或事物来代替,这种修辞方法叫借代。
恰当地运用代可以突出事物的本质特征,增强语言的形象性,而且可以使文笔简洁精炼,语言富于变化和幽默感移就：又称词语移用,就是有意识的把描写甲事物的词语移用来描写乙事物，是在特殊语言环境中改变词语搭配关系的一种临时迁用。
从语言逻辑上看,好像不合规范,也不合情理,但在具体的语言环境中,它却能赋予个词语以新的意义,增强语言的表达效0I said with mysterious wink and closed my bag and left” pa40Amyseriouswink 就是一个典型的移就的例子。
love is a fallacy 爱情是谬误上课讲义
l o v e i s a f a l l a c y 爱情是谬误在进入今天主题，讲述我和小美的故事之前我想先给大家推荐这样的一片文章，其实正是因为我自己的经历我才深深的懂得了这篇文章的内在，而我希望将它跟大家分享，如果你在爱情里面遇到类似的问题，那么我相信这篇文章会给你一点启示的，当然同时，你也可以提升自己的英文。
Love Is a Fallacy《爱情是个谬误》这是一篇我非常喜欢的文章，这也是在大学里我教授的三年级外语专业学生高级英语课本里面的一篇经典文章，国外的大学生也会同步在写作课学习这篇文章。
以前我喜欢它只是单纯把它当做一篇幽默的文章来对待，其实也没有深深的去体会过其中滋味，但是现在我才真正体会到为什么爱情是一个谬误。
主人公是一个非常自信甚至很自负的法学院大一男生Dobbie,他自认为又帅，又有才，他看上了自己室友的女友，很想得到那个女生，但是这个女生Polly只是一个表面很漂亮但却很没有脑子的女生，所以Dobbie决定要先改变这个女孩，把她变聪明之后再得到她。
当然第一步是得先得到室友的同意。
室友是一个拜金狂，依然没有脑子，于是Dobbie用一件浣熊大衣作为交换条件就轻松得到了室友的许可，于是就和Polly开始约会了。
约会的内容就是教不同的逻辑谬误给Polly，为的就是让她变聪明，因为主人公认为逻辑是让人变聪明的法宝，于是约会就这么开始了，他教授的逻辑问题如下：1. 绝对判断（Dicto Simpliciter）的谬误。
例子如下：“运动是非常有益的，它能增强体质，所以每个人都应该做运动!”，这个论断是明显错误的，因为运动有益是一种无条件的前提。
比方说，假设你得了心脏病，运动不但无益，反而有害，有不少人医生就不准他们运动。
你必须给这种前提加以限制。
你应该说，一般来说运动是有益的。
或者说，对大多数人是有益的。
否则就是犯了绝对判断的错误2. 草率结论（Hasty Generalization）的谬误。
love is a fallacy
Fred, the Australian, stole my wallet. Thus, all Australians are thieves.
Post Hoc 牵强附会
Eg. Immigration to Alberta from Ontario increased. Soon after,
False Analogy 错误类比
Eg. Employees are like nails. Just as nails must be hit in the head in order to make them work, so must employees. Surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation , lawyers have briefs to guide them during a trail , carpenters have blueprints to guide them when they are building a house. So students should be allowed to look at their textbooks during examinations.
Discussion
What is your understanding of true love? What do you think love is? Is love a fallacy, a mistake, an error?
What’s the meaning of love and happiness?
I was nauseous and tingly all
over. I was either in love or I had smallpox.
高级英语2love-is-a-fallacy中英译文
Cool was I and logical. Keen, calculating, perspicacious, acute and astute—I was all of these. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. And—think of it!—I only eighteen.我这个人头脑冷静，逻辑思维实力强。
敏锐、慎重、聪慧、深刻、机灵一一这些就是我的特点。
我的大脑像发电机一样发达，像化学家的天平一样精确，像手术刀一样锐利。
一一你知道吗?我才十八岁呀。
It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. Take, for example, Pete y Bellows, my roommate at the university. Same age, same background, but dumb a s an ox. A nice enough fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. Emotional type. Unstable. Impressionable. Worst of all, a faddist. Fads, I submit, are the very negat ion of reason. To be swept up in every new craze that comes along, to surrender o neself to idiocy just because everybody else is doing it—this, to me, is the acme of mindlessness. Not, however, to Petey.年纪这么轻而智力又如此非凡的人并不常有。
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4. Simile (My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scale, as penetrating as scalpel.)
About the story
The narrator of the story is Dobie Gills, a freshman in a law school who is proud of his logic reasoning and general intellectual capability. Dobie Gills grapples with Petey Bellows, whose girlfriend he hopes that he can persuade to give up and Polly Espy, Petey’s girlfriend he intends to marry after he has improves her. He is quite sure of his final success because he is smarter and it is only logical that the girl will choose him. However, the result is a great surprise to him because the girl turns down his proposal and choose Petey Burch, all because of what Dobie Gills regards as a “silly reason”, thus proving that “Love is a fallacy”.
Rhetorical devices in the story
1. Inversion (Cool was I and logical. // Beautiful she was. Gracious she was. Intelligent she was not. )
2. Metaphor (My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear.)Writing Style
Max Shulman has a good style. The story goes forward at a fast pace with racy dialogues full of American colloquialism and slang. He employs a whole variety of writing techniques to make his story vivid. He use ultra learned terms to reveal the conceit of the narrator and clipped vulgar forms to illustrate Polly Espy’s limited intellectual capability. He also use figurative language profusely and inversion for emphasis. The speed of the narration is maintained by the use of short sentences, elliptical sentences and dashes throughout the story. The combination of all these help to make the story realistic, as one would expect a freshman to talk like that.
Love Is a Fallacy
By Max Shulman
About the author
Max Shulman(1919-1988): one of America’s best-known humorists. Max is a writer of many talents---he has written novels, stories, Broadway plays, movie scenarios, and television scripts. The present text is taken from The Many Loves of Dobie Gills(1951). Dobie Gills, the narrator , is a typical American teen who frequently suffers from romantic angst. The character appeared on a popular televion sitcom during the 1950s and was in a feature film in 1953.
5. Hyperbole (It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect.)
6. Ellipsis (Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox.)
Rhetorical devices in the story
7. Metonymy (She was, to be sure, a girl who excited the emotions. But I was not one to let my heart rule my head.)