初中英语的不定式和动名词
动名词与不定式的区别
动名词与不定式的区别动名词与不定式的区别：动名词与不定式是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式，它们在构成和用法上有着明显的区别。
本文将从不同角度对动名词与不定式进行对比，帮助读者更好地理解它们之间的区别。
1. 构成：动名词是动词加上-ing形式构成的名词，例如：doing, swimming, playing等。
而不定式是由“to + 动词原形”构成的结构，例如：to do, to swim, to play等。
2. 作为主语：动名词可以作为句子的主语，表示一种行为或状态，例如：Swimming is good exercise. 而不定式作为主语时，常常表达一种目的或打算，例如：To learn a new language is my goal.3. 作宾语：动名词常常作为及物动词的宾语，例如：I enjoy swimming in the pool. 不定式也可以作为及物动词的宾语，例如：She wants to learn how to dance.4. 和情态动词连用：当动名词和情态动词连用时，情态动词后面必须跟动名词形式，例如：I can't stand smoking. 而不定式和情态动词连用时，情态动词后跟不定式的原形，例如：She must study hard to pass the exam.5. 表达目的：动名词常用来表达一个动作或状态的目的，例如：I went to the gym for swimming. 而不定式也可以表达目的，例如：She walked fast tocatch the bus.通过以上对比，我们可以清楚地看到动名词与不定式在用法上的区别。
在实际运用中，我们需要根据句子的语境和需要选择合适的形式，以确保句子表达准确清晰。
希望本文的对比能帮助读者更好地理解动名词与不定式之间的区别，提高英语写作和表达的能力。
动名词和不定式作主语的比较
动名词和不定式作主语的比较在中学英语课本中，动名词和不定式作主语的句子较为常见，但它们的含义有所不同。
现在将动名词和不定型式作主语的含义、位置及习惯用法分述如下：一、动名词和不定式作主语的含义一般来说，动名词作主语表示一种抽象的和泛指的动作，而不定式作主语则表示一次性的、具体的动作。
换句话说，动名词作主语通常不与特定的动作执行者联系在一起，而不定式作主语往往与特定的动作执行者联系在一起。
例如：Lying is wrong.（泛指lying的做法或作风）To lie is wrong.（对于说谎者是谁，说话人心中是有所指的）To live in Beijing is the height of Tom’s ambition.（对某个特定的动作执行者而言）Swimming is good exercise.（指游泳这项运动）二、动名词和不定式作主语的位置1．动名词作主语通常有两种位置，一种是把动名词直接置于主语的位置。
例如：Saying is easier than doing.Seeing is believing.Crossing the Atlantis（大西洋）by plane takes only a few hours.第二种是用it作形式主语，把作真正主语的动名词置于句末。
这通常用于某些形容词或名词之后。
例如：It’s interesting planning a holiday.It’s rather tiring walking around in a city.It’s fun having guests for the weekend.We don’t think it’s a bore doing the same kind of work every day.动名词作主语的上述两种位置有时可以互换，但第一种形式比第二种形式的泛指意义更强些。
例如：Lining in Beijing must be wonderfulIt must be wonderful living in Beijing2．不定式作主语通常也有两种位置，与动名词作主语时的位置相同，即第一种是把不定式作直接置于句首担任主语。
动词的不定式与动名词的区别
动词的不定式与动名词的区别动词的不定式（infinitive）和动名词（gerund）是英语中两种常见的非谓语动词形式。
尽管在形式上它们有一些相似之处，但在用法和含义上有明显的区别。
本文将详细介绍动词的不定式和动名词的区别，以便读者更好地理解和运用它们。
一、形式上的区别1. 动词的不定式通常由“to + 动词原形”构成，例如：to learn，to eat，to go等。
2. 动名词则是在动词原形后面直接加上-ing，例如：learning，eating，going等。
二、用法上的区别1. 主语的区别：a) 不定式作为主语：不定式一般用作主语时，表示一种抽象的行为、概念或目的。
例如：- To learn a new language is challenging.（学一门新语言很有挑战性。
）b) 动名词作为主语：动名词用作主语时，表示一种具体的、实际的行为或活动。
例如：- Reading helps expand your vocabulary.（阅读有助于扩大你的词汇量。
）2. 宾语的区别：a) 不定式作为宾语：不定式可以作为及物动词或不及物动词的宾语，常用于某些动词后，例如：want，hope，decide等。
例如： - She wants to learn Chinese.（她想学中文。
）b) 动名词作为宾语：动名词一般用作及物动词的宾语，常用于某些动词后，例如：enjoy，like，dislike等。
例如：- He enjoys swimming in the ocean.（他喜欢在海里游泳。
）3. 表语的区别：a) 不定式作为表语：不定式可以用作表语，通常用于表示完成、未来或可能性等。
例如：- His dream is to become a doctor.（他的梦想是成为一名医生。
）b) 动名词作为表语：动名词不常用作表语。
4. 定语的区别：a) 不定式作为定语：不定式可以用作修饰名词或代词的定语，常用于表示目的、原因或解释等。
初中语法 动词不定式和动名词的用法
初中语法动词不定式和动名词的用法动词不定式和动名词的用法动词不定式和动名词是英语中非常重要的语法结构，它们常常在句子中充当特定的语法角色，并有其独特的用法和构造。
了解并正确运用动词不定式和动名词是掌握英语语法的关键之一。
本文将详细介绍动词不定式和动名词的用法，以帮助初中学生更好地理解和运用它们。
一、动词不定式的用法动词不定式由“to + 动词原形”构成，可以作为句子的主语、宾语、表语、宾补等，同时还可以和一些特定的动词搭配使用。
下面是动词不定式的几种常见用法：1. 作为主语动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，通常位于句首。
比如：- To learn a foreign language requires patience and determination.（学习一门外语需要耐心和决心。
）- To quit smoking is my New Year's resolution.（戒烟是我的新年决心。
）2. 作为宾语动词不定式可以作为句子的宾语，接在某些动词后面。
比如：- She wants to become a doctor.（她想要成为一名医生。
）- He enjoys playing basketball.（他喜欢打篮球。
）3. 作为表语动词不定式可以作为句子的表语，通常与be动词连用。
比如：- His dream is to travel around the world.（他的梦想是周游世界。
）- The most important thing is to believe in yourself.（最重要的事情是相信自己。
）4. 作为宾补某些动词后面可以接动词不定式作为宾补，表示动作的目的、结果或意图。
比如：- He wants to buy a new car.（他想要买一辆新车。
）- I need to finish my homework before dinner.（我需要在晚餐前完成我的作业。
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式和动名词用法总结
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式和动名词用法总结动词的不定式和动名词是英语学习中的重要知识点，它们的用法十分多样且常见。
本文将对动词的不定式和动名词的用法进行总结和归纳。
一、动词不定式1. 作主语：例句：To succeed in life is his ultimate goal.成功是他追求的终极目标。
2. 作宾语：a. 接及物动词的宾语：例句：I want to learn English.我想学英语。
b. 接不及物动词的宾语：例句：She decided to go hiking.她决定去徒步旅行。
3. 作表语：例句：Her dream is to become a doctor.她的梦想是成为一名医生。
4. 作补语：a. 表示命令、建议、请求等：例句：She told me to wait for her at the gate.她告诉我在门口等她。
b. 表示目的、目标等：例句：He went to the store to buy some groceries.他去商店买一些杂货。
5. 作定语：例句：We need a person to help us with the project.我们需要一个人来帮助我们完成这个项目。
6. 作状语：a. 表示目的、结果、原因等：例句：He studied hard to pass the exam.他努力学习为了通过考试。
b. 表示时间、条件等：例句：I woke up early to catch the bus.我早起为了赶公交车。
二、动名词1. 作主语：例句：Swimming is my favorite sport.游泳是我最喜欢的运动。
2. 作宾语：例句：I enjoy reading books in my free time.我喜欢在空闲时间读书。
3. 作表语：例句：Her hobby is dancing.她的爱好是跳舞。
4. 作补语：例句：His job is teaching English.他的工作是教英语。
初中英语动词不定式及动名词总结
初中英语动词不定式及动名词总结初中英语动词不定式及动名词总结（八年级）一、后跟动词不定式结构1.agree to do XXX同意做…2.decide to do XXX决定做…3.hope to do sth希望…4.need to do sth需要…5.offer to do sth主动…6.plan to do sth计划…7.can’t wait to do迫不及待…8.continue to do sth继续…9.try (one’s best) to do尽力…ed to do sth过去常常…11.feel lucky to do XXX做某事很幸运12.ask sb to do sth叫某人做13.want（sb）to do sth想要（某人）…XXX鼓励某人做…15.allow sb to do sth允许某人做…16.XXX提醒某人做…17.send sb to do sth派某人做…18.It’s +形+for sb +to do XXX做某事对或人来讲怎么样19.It XXX sb some time to do sth做某事破费或人多长工夫20.too+形+to do太…而不克不及…21.XXX do充足…能够做…22.不定式能够作表语My job\dream is to do23.不定式能够作定语a good way\place to do sth做某事的好方法24.不定式能够表目的To get good grades。
I must study hard2、后跟动名词方式1．consider doing sth考虑2.XXX喜爱3.XXX XXX做完某事4.mind doing sth介意5.keep doing sth一直keep on doing sth继续|坚持6.can’t。
doing sth停不下来7.can’t。
help doing sth不由得8.put off doing sth推迟9.give up XXX摒弃10.ba busy doing sth忙于11.have a good time doing XXX做某事很开心12.have XXX做某事很困那13.how \what about doing sth…怎么样14.XXX成功做15.XXX感谢做16.be XXX对做某事感乐趣be afraid of doing sth害怕be good at doing sth善于于XXX对做…自豪be used to doing sth惯于17.sb spend some time (in) doing sth18.XXX三．即可加to do又可加ing，但意思差别大XXX do XXX忘记要做某事（事情还未做）XXX遗忘做过某事（工作已做）XXX记得要做某事（事情还未做）XXX记得做过某事（事情已做）try to do XXX尽力去做某事XXX尝试做某事to do XXX停下了去做某事XXX停止做某事used to do XXX过去常常做某事be used to doing sth气于做某事四．后跟动词原型make sb do XXX使某人做某事let sb do XXX让某人做某事help sb (to) do sth帮助或人做某had better do XXX最好做某事五．便可跟原型，又可跟ingsee sb do XXX看见某人做了某事（事情已发生）XXX瞥见或人正在做某事（工作正在产生）hear sb do XXX听见或人…了（工作已产生）。
动名词和不定式的区别
动名词和不定式的区别动名词和不定式是英语语法中常见的两种非谓语动词形式。
尽管它们在形式上很相似，但在用法和意义上却有很大差别。
本文将详细论述动名词和不定式的区别。
一、动名词（Gerunds）动名词是由动词的现在分词形式加上-ing构成的名词形式。
它可以在句子中充当名词的角色，可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
1. 主语：(1) Running is good for your health.（跑步对你的健康有益。
）(2) Swimming in the pool is a popular activity.（在游泳池游泳是一个受欢迎的活动。
）2. 宾语：(1) I enjoy playing the piano.（我喜欢弹钢琴。
）(2) She suggested going to the movies.（她建议去看电影。
）3. 表语：(1) Her favorite hobby is dancing.（她最喜欢的爱好是跳舞。
）(2) The hardest part is waiting for the results.（最难的部分是等待结果。
）4. 定语：(1) I have a painting class every Tuesday.（我每周二有一节绘画课。
）(2) The running shoes are on sale.（跑鞋正在打折。
）二、不定式（Infinitives）不定式是由to加上动词原形构成的形式。
不定式可以在句子中充当动词、形容词或名词的角色，可以作为动词、定语、表语等。
1. 动词：(1) She wants to learn a new language.（她想学一门新语言。
）(2) They decided to go on a trip together.（他们决定一起去旅行。
）2. 定语：(1) I need a pen to write the report.（我需要一支笔来写报告。
初中英语知识点归纳动名词和不定式的用法
初中英语知识点归纳动名词和不定式的用法初中英语知识点归纳：动名词和不定式的用法动名词（Gerund）和不定式（Infinitive）是初中英语中常用的语法形式，它们在句子中有着不同的用法和作用。
下面对动名词和不定式的用法进行归纳总结。
一、动名词的用法：1. 作主语：动名词可以作为整个句子的主语。
- Running is good exercise. （跑步是一项很好的运动。
）- Singing makes me happy. （唱歌使我开心。
）2. 作宾语：动名词可以作动词的宾语。
- I enjoy playing basketball. （我喜欢打篮球。
）- He hates doing homework. （他讨厌做作业。
）3. 作介词的宾语：动名词可以作介词的宾语。
- She is good at dancing. （她擅长跳舞。
）- They are interested in painting. （他们对绘画感兴趣。
）4. 在某些固定短语中：动名词常用于一些固定搭配中。
- I look forward to seeing you. （我期待见到你。
）- He is busy with studying. （他忙于学习。
）5. 作宾补：动名词可以作及物动词的宾补。
- She found it interesting watching movies. （她认为看电影很有趣。
） - They made her captain of the team. （他们让她成为队长。
）二、不定式的用法：1. 作动词的宾语：不定式可以作动词的宾语。
- I want to study abroad. （我想出国留学。
）- He loves to play the piano. （他喜欢弹钢琴。
）2. 作形容词的定语：不定式可以作名词或代词的定语。
- This is a good book to read. （这是本值得阅读的好书。
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初中不定式和动名词一、动词不定式：构成：to + 动词原形1. 下列动词只能接不定式作：want 想要, agree 同意, choose 选择, decide 决定, expect 期望,hope 希望, earn 学会, need 必要, offer 提供, prefer 宁愿, +to dopromise保证, plan 计划? refuse 拒绝, wish 希望, would like想要2. 下列动词只能接动名词（即动词+ing）Enjoy; mind; practice; finish；suggest ;deny;admit ; keep; spend; feel like + doing sth.enjoy doing sth., 喜欢做某事mind doing sth. 介意做某事,practice doing sth. 练习做某事finish doing sth. 做完某事feel like doing sth. 想要做某事keep doing sth. 坚持做某事have fun doing sth. 尽情做某事suggest doing sth.建议做某事deny doing sth. 否认做某事admit doing sth.承认做某事be/get used to doing sth. 习惯做某事look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事spend…(in) doing sth. 花费时间做某事can’t help doing sth. 情不自禁做某事be busy doing sth???忙于做某事be worth doing sth?值得做某事prefer doing sth. to doing sth 与…相比更喜欢做某事pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事3．有些动词后面既可接不定式，也可接动名词，意思相同。
如：begin/start to do sth.= begin/start doing sth开始做某事,like/love to do sth= like / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事;hate to do sth. =hate doing sth.憎恨做某事4. 有些动词后接不定式或名词时，意思不同。
如：1）remember doing sth. 记得作过某事（某事已做过）remember to so sth.记住去做某事（某事还没做）2）forget doing sth. 忘了作过某事（某事已做过）forget to do sth. 忘了去做某事（某事还没做）3）try to do sth.=do one’s best to do sth. 尽力去做某事try doing sth. 尝试做某事4）stop doing sth. 停止做某事（停止正在做的事）stop to do sth.停下来做某事（停止的事去做另外的事）5）go on doing sth. 继续做某事（同一件事）go on to do sth. 接着去做某事（不同的事）5.下列动词跟动词不定式充当宾语补足语：vt.+sb. to do sth. vt.+ sb.+not to do sth.Want/ask/ tell /order/ allow/ wish/beg/advise / call /invite +sb. to do sth.She told me to buy a ticket.她让我去买张票My mother often tells me not to go out at night.6.help 后的不定式可带to, 也可不带toThe teachers helped the students (to) learn English well. 那些老师帮助学生学好英语。
He often helps his mother (to) tidy up the room.他经常帮助他妈妈整理房间。
7. 动词不定式省to的情况一感feel二听hear, listen to +sb. do sth.三使have, let, make四看see, watch, look at, notice常考短语：hear/see/ make / let sb. do sth.被动语态：Sb. be heard/ seen/made/let to do sth.（变成被动语态时补回to）I often see him help others. He is often seen to help other by me.二、动词不定式的句式：1..动词不定式作主语，主语较长时，常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句。
It + is/was+adj.+(for sb.) + to do sth.To learn English well is useful. = It’s useful to learn English well.学好英语是有用的。
To protect environment is important for us.= It’s important for us to protect environment.对于我们来说保护环境是很重要的。
2. It is / was + adj.(kind / good/ nice/ clever) + of sb. +to do sth.It’s very kind of you to help me. =You are very kind to help me你帮助我真是太好啦。
It’s very clever of you to do like that.=You are clever to do like that你那样做真的太聪明啦。
这个句型的形容词为表示人的品格，气质之类的词。
可以等于句型：sb. is / was + adj. +to do sth.3. It takes ( took , will take ) sb. some time to do something. (做某事花费某人…时间)4.. 主语+ find / think + it +形容词+ (for sb.) + to doI find it easy to read English every day. 我发现每天读英语和容易的。
He felt it hard to sleep.他觉得很难入睡。
I think it very interesting to learn English. 我认为学英语很有趣。
We found it impossible to cross the river. 我们发现过河是不可能的。
5.不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责或性质”等Her job is to clean the hall. 她的工作就是打扫大厅。
My dream is to be a teacher.我的梦想是当一名教师。
6.不定式作状语的用法He worked day and night to get the money.（表目的）他日夜工作来赚钱。
He is too young to go to school. （表结果）他太小以致不能上学。
They were very sad to hear the news.（表原因）听到这个消息他们非常伤心。
The question is simple for him to answer.（表程度）这个问题对他来说太容易回答了。
7. 动词不定式可以和疑问词who, what, which, when, how, where(why除外)等连用，构成不定式短语。
Can you tell me how to get to the post office?I didn’t know what to do next.How to learn English well is the question that we all want to ask.The question is when to get there.What to do 与how to do 的区别:I don’t know what to do next?我不知道下一步该做什么。
(What to do后没有sth.)I don’t know how to use this machine.我不知道怎么样使用这部机器（how to do +sth.）三、动名词（动词+ing）作用相当于名词。
（可以作主语、宾语、表语和定语）1.Reading is an art. 读书是一种艺术。
（作主语）2.Your task is cleaning the windows.你的任务就是擦窗户。
（作表语）3. He likes swimming.（作宾语）4.a washing machine 洗衣机，a reading room 阅览室（作定语）非谓语动词（不定式和动名词）专练（）1. Mother told her son in the street.A. not playB. to not playC. doesn’t playD. not to play ( ) 2. His wish was a scientist.A. to becomesB. becomesC. becomeD. to become ( ) 3. It’s raining hard. You’d better .A. go outB. not go outC. not to go outD. to not out ( ) 4. Do you know washing machine?A. where to getB. to where to getC. where getD. to where get( ) 5. The students don’t know next.A. how toB. what to doC. what doD. do what( ) 6. Would you mind me how English words?A. telling , to rememberB. telling, rememberC. tell, to rememberD. tell, remember( ) 7. Mr. Brown asked us to stop , and we stopped him at once.A. talking, to listen toB. to talk, to listenC. talking, listeningD. talk, listen( ) 8. --What are you going to be after you finish college?--I’m going to be a singer, but my parents me to be a doctor.A. hopeB. wantC. makeD. let( ) 9.-- I saw Betty go to Grandpa Zhang’s home just now.--Yes , she is often seen the old man with his housework.A. helpB. to helpC. helpsD. helped( ) 10. ---Do you need to get there before ten? ---No, I .A. don’t have toB. don’t needC. can’tD. mustn’t( ) 12. After she finished the letter, she went to bed.A. to writeB. writingC. writtenD. wrote( ) 13. It was very late at night, he still went on .A. worksB. workedC. workingD. work( ) 14.-- Have you finish the book?--Not yet. I’ll try it to you before Friday.A.reading, returning,B. to read, to returnC. reading, to return,D. to read, returning ( ) 15. The old man is strong enough. He prefers to .A. walking, ridingB. walk, rideC. to walk, rideD. walking, ride( ) 16. I have quite a few people .A. take care ofB. to take care ofC. to take careD. take care( ) 17. I usually forget the door, but I remembered it when I left yesterday.A.closing, closingB. to close, to closeC. to close, closingD. closing, to close ( ) 18. I’m made thirsty by the strange thing.A. feelB. feelingC. to feelD. felt( ) 20. I’m sorry your friend is ill.A. hearB. to hearC. listenD. to listen( ) 21. ---Will you please tell John to come to my office? --- .A. Yes, I doB. I’ll be gladC. Thank youD. I’ll be glad to( ) 22. Have you read the book? It’s worth .A. readB. to readC. readingD. to reading( ) 23. This box is too heavy for the child .A. to carry itB. to carryC. carryingD. carrying it( ) 24. The young man is old enough the army.A. joinB. joiningC. to joinD. joins( ) 25. The flowers need .A. wateringB. to waterC. waterD. watered( ) 27. --Have you finished the work?--Not yet, but no matter how hard it is, we’ll keep until we make it.A. failedB. tryingC. triedD. falling( ) 28. --Do you want to eat something? -- . thanks. I am f eeling sick now. I don’t f eel lik e .A. Yes, eating somethingB. No, to eat anythingC. Yes, to eat anythingD. No, eating anything( ) 29.-- Do you still remember me sometime in Shanghai?--Yes, of course. Two years ago.A. to seeB. seeC. seeingD. saw( ) 30. It took us a long time Hawaii, but we thought the journey was enjoyable.A. to getB. gettingC. to reachD. reaching( ) 31. I t’s important the piano well.A. of him to playB. for him to playC. of him playingD. for him playing( ) 32. Good manners usually help people to each other.A. get on well withB. get startedC. get togetherD. get ready( ) 33. Our teacher always tell us more English in and out of class.A. speakB. spokenC. to speakD. speaking( ) 34. My mother often asks me early.A. get upB. got upC. getting upD. to get up( ) 35. --Shopping with me? --Sorry, I have a lot of clothes .A. to washB. washedC. washD. to be washed( ) 36. She needs some paper to .A. writeB. write inC. write withD. write on( ) 37. Listening! Can you hear a baby ?A. cryB. to cryC. cryingD. cries( ) 38. When people want to relax themselves, they pref er TV or listen to music rather than newspapers.A. watching, readB. watching, to readC. to watch, readD. to watch, reading ( ) 40. Will you go shopping together with us this Saturday, Jenny? Yes. .A. I doB. I’d like toC. I’d love to doD. I’m busy。