美联储(英文)
英文报纸常出现的单词列表
英文报纸常出现的单词列表缩写词ABC warfare –Atomic-Biological-Chemical warfare原子、生物、化学战ABM –Treaty Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty 反弹道导弹条约ADB –Asian Development Bank 亚洲发展银行AID –Agency for International Development国际开发总署AIDS –Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome获得性免疫缺陷综合症（艾滋病）ANC –African National Congress 非洲人国民大会APEC –Asian-Pacific Economic Cooperation亚太经济合作组织ARATS –Association for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits海峡两岸关系协会ASEAN –Association of Southeast Asian Nations东南亚国家联盟（东盟）ASEM –Asia-Europe Meeting 亚欧会议ATM –Automatic Teller Machine 自动取款机A VC –American Veteran Committee 美国退伍军人委员会BCCI –Bank of Credit and Commercial International国际信贷和商业银行（1991年破产）BMD –Ballistic Missile Defense 弹道导弹防御系统BP –British Petroleum Company 英国石油公司BSE –Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy牛海绵状脑病（疯牛病，俗称Mad Cow Disease）CD –Compact Disk (激）光盘CEO –Chief Executive Officer（公司的）首席执行官CIA –Central Intelligence Agency 美国中央情报局CIS –Commonwealth of Independent States独立国家联合体（独联体）CMC –Central Military Commission（中国共产党）中央军事委员会COCOM –Coordinating Committee for Export to Communist Countries （巴黎）统筹委员会CPPCC- Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference（中国）全国人民政治协商会议CSCE –Conference on Security and Co-operation in Europe欧洲安全和合作会议CSIS –Center for Strategic and International Study战略和国际研究中心CTBT –Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty 全面禁止核试验条约DEA –Drug Enforcement Administration（美国）毒品缉私局DMZ –Demilitarized Zone 非军事区DNA –deoxyribonucleic acid 脱氧核糖核酸EC –European Council 欧盟委员会ECOMOG –（在塞拉利昂的）西非维和部队ECOWAS –Economic Community of West African States西非国家经济共同体ERM –Exchange Rate Mechanism（欧洲）货币体系汇率机制EU –European Union 欧洲联盟（欧盟）Euratom –European Union’s Atomic Energy Agency欧洲原子能机构FAQ –Frequently Asked Questions 常见的问题FBI –Federal Bureau of Investigation （美国）联邦调查局FBR –Fast Breeding Reactor 快速增值反应堆FIFA –International Football Federation国际足球联合会（国际足联）FIS –Islamic Salvation Front （阿尔及利亚）伊斯兰救国阵线Frelimo –Mozambique Liberation Front 莫桑比克解放阵线FTAA –Free Trade Area of the Americas 每周自由贸易区GATT –The General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade关税及贸易总协定（被WTO取代）GIGN –Anti-terrorist Elite Force 法国宪兵突击队GMT –Greenwich Mean Time 格林尼治平均时间GNP –Gross National Product 国民生产总值GNP –Grand National Party （韩）大国民党HARM –High-speed Anti-Radiation Missile高速反辐射导弹HDTV –High Definition Television 高清晰度电视IAEA –International Atomic Energy Agency国际原子能机构ICBM –Inter-continental Ballistic Missile 洲际弹道导弹ICC –International Chamber of Commerce 国际商会ICJ –International Court of Justice 国际法院ICRC –International Committee of the Red Cross红十字国际委员会IISS –International Institute for Strategic Study（伦敦）国际战略研究所ILO –International Labor Organization 国际劳工组织IMF –International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织INF Treaty –Intermediate-range Nuclear Force Treaty中程核导弹条约Interpol（ICPO）- International Criminal Police Organization 国际刑警组织IOC –International Olympic Committee 国际奥林匹克委员会IPR –Intellectual Property Rights 知识产权IPTF –UN’s International Police Task Force联合国国际警察部队IRBM –Intermediate Range Ballistic Missile 中距离弹道导弹IRC –International Red Cross 国际红十字会KIA –Killed in Action 阵亡KLA –Kosovo Liberation Army 科索沃解放军LCD –Liquid Crystal Display 液晶显示M&A –Merge and Acquisition 兼并与收购MFN –Most Favored Nation 最惠国MIF –Missing in Action 战争中失踪的人MP –Military Police 宪兵队MP –Member of Parliament （英国）下院议员MQP –Most Quoted Player 最知名运动员MVP –Most Valuable Player 最有价值的运动员NAACP –National Association for the Advancement of Colored People 全国有色人种协进会NAFTA –North American Free Trade Agreement北美自由贸易协定（美、加、墨签订）NAM –Non-Aligned Movement 不结盟运动NASA –National Aeronautics and Space Administration（美国）国家航空和航天局NASDAQ –National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotations （美国）全国证券交易商协会自动报价，纳斯达克NATO –North Atlantic Treaty Organization北大西洋公约组织（北约）NBA –National Basketball Association 全美篮球协会NBC Warfare –Nuclear-Biological-Chemical Warfare核、生物、化学战NFA –National Rifle Association 全国步枪射击运动协会NGO –Non-governmental Organization 非政府机构NPC –National People’s Congress (中国)全国人民代表大会NPT –Nuclear non-Proliferation Treaty 防止核扩散条约NRC –National Research Council/Nuclear Regularity Commission(美国)全国科学研究委员会/核管理委员会NRO –National Reconnaissance Office 国家勘察办公室NTR –Normal Trade Relations 正常贸易关系OAS –Organization of American States 美洲国家组织OAU –Organization of African Unity 非洲统一组织OECD –Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development经济合作与发展组织ORP –Orderly Repatriation Program 有计划的遣返计划OTC –Over-the-Counter 场外交易市场PA –People Alliance 人民联盟PECC –Pacific Economic Cooperation Council太平洋地区经济合作委员会PNA –Palestinian National Authority 巴勒斯坦民族权力机构PKK –Kurdish Workers Party (土)库尔德工人党PLO –Palestine Liberation Organization巴勒斯坦解放组织POW –Prisoner of War 战俘PRI –Institutional Revolutionary Party (墨)革命制度党RNA –Ribonucleic acid 核糖核酸RPF –Rwandan Patriotic Front 卢旺达爱国阵线SADC –Southern African Development Community南部非洲发展共同体SALT –Strategic Arms Limitation Talks 限制战略武器会谈SAREC –South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation南亚地区合作联盟SCNPC –Standing Committee of the People’s Congress(中国)全国人大常务委员会SDI –Strategic Defense Initiatives战略防御计划(星球大战，后改称BMD弹道导弹防御系统)SEF –Straits Exchange Foundation （台湾）海峡交流基金会SETI –Search for Extra-Terrestrial Intelligence外星文明搜索计划SEZ –Special Economic Zone （中国）经济特区Sonar –Sound navigation ranging 声纳STRART –Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty 削减战略武器条约SWAPO –South West African Peoples’Organization西南非洲人民组织UCTAD –United Nations Conference on Trade and Development联合国贸易和发展会议UDA –Ulster Defence Association 北爱尔兰防卫组织UFO –Unidentified Flying Object 不明飞行物；飞碟UNAMIR –United Nations Assistance Mission Rwanda联合国援助卢旺达部队UNDC –United Nations Disarmament Committee联合国裁军委员会UNDP –United Nations Development Program 联合国发展总署UNDRO –United Nations Disaster Relief Organization联合国救灾组织UNEP –United Nations Environment Programme联合国环境规划署UNESCO –United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization 联合国教科文组织UNFAO –United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization联合国粮食及农业组织UNHCR –United Nations High Commissioner for Refugee联合国难民事务高级专员办事处UNICEF –United Nations Children’s Fund (UN International Children’s Emergence Fund) 联合国儿童基金组织UNOM –United Nations Observers Mission 联合国观察团UNSCOM –United Nations Special Committee 联合国特委会USS –United States’Ship 美国军舰Volrep –Voluntary repatriation 自由遣返WEU –Western European Union 西欧联盟WFP –World Food Program 世界粮食署WTO –World Trade Organization世界贸易组织(1995年取代GATT)六、政治术语accord 协议administrative reform 行政改革Agrarian Party 农民党, 农业党agreement (对外国所派使节的)正式承认al-Qaida 艾尔-卡达(基地组织)amity 友好; 亲善Awami League (孟加拉)人民联盟Baath Party 阿拉伯复兴社会党blue book 蓝皮书Board of Trade (英)商务部Board 委员会, 部, 厅, 局bureau 局bureaucracy 官僚政治, 官僚主义cabinet 内阁catch the speaker’s eye 获准发言caucus 决策委员会, 秘密会议charter 宪章Christian Democratic Party 基督教民主党civic 公民的, 市民的coalition government 联合政府commission 委员会committee 委员会Commonwealth 英联邦Communiqué [法] 公报joint ~ 共同声明(联合公报)Communist Party 共产党condemn 谴责Congress 国会Conservative Party 保守党convene 召集,召开; 聚集, 聚会Council 委员会credential 国书, 证书Democratic Party 民主党Democratic Progressive Party (台湾)民进党denounce 谴责Department of Defence 国防部Department of State 国务院Department 部, 院Diet (丹麦、日本等)国会Duma (俄)下议院Exchequer (英)财政部Foreign Ministry 外交部Freedom Alliance 自由联盟Freedom Front 自由阵线general suffrage 普通选举权Green Party 绿党HAMAS 哈马斯(伊斯兰抵抗组织)House of Representatives 众议院incumbent 现任的; 在职的Indian National Congress Party 印度国民大会党interim government 临时政府, 过渡(性质的)政府Irish Republican Party (IRA) 爱尔兰共和军Junta 军人统治集团jurisdiction 司法权; 管辖权Justice Party 正义党Knesset (以色列)国会Komeito (日)公明党Kuomintang (KMT) (中国)国民党Kurdistan Democratic Party(KDP) (伊拉克)库尔德民主党Labor Party 劳动党, 工党Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) (日)自由民主党Liberal Party 自由党Liqud Group (Coalition) (以)利库德集团Lower House (House of Commons)(英)下院mass resignation 总辞职memorandum 备忘录militarism 军国主义ministry 部mission 委员会National Party (南非)国民党National Security Council 国家安全委员会Nazi 德国国家社会党党员(纳粹分子)non-confidence bill 不信任案note 照会off-the-record 非正式的; 不可公开的Opposition 反对派, 反对党Pan Africanist Congress 泛非洲人大会Panel (研究某个问题的)专门小组parliament 议会Patriotic Front 爱国阵线People’s Party 人民党persona non grata 不受欢迎的人Poliburo 政治局Progressive Party 进步党protest 抗议书protocol 纪要quasi-official body 半官方团体ratify 批准recall 罢免regime 政权Republican Party 共和党Resistance Movement 抵抗运动ruling party 执政党secretariat 秘书处Senate 参议院shadow cabinet 影子内阁Social Democratic Party 社会民主党social security system 社会福利制度Socialist Party 社会党standing committee 常务委员会State Council 国务院state visit 正式访问; 国事访问steering committee (团体组织中的)筹划指导委员会tentative (cabinet) 临时(内阁)treaty 条约ultimatum 最后通牒Upper House (House of Lords) (英)上院US federal reserve 美联邦储备委员会(美联储)Ways and Means Committee 众议院筹款委员会white paper (book) 白皮书women’s suffrage 妇女选举权Youth League 青年团七、军事术语(aircraft) carrier 航空母舰(C-130) Hercules (C-130型)大力神式巨型运输机101st Airborne Division 101空降师3rd Infantry Division 第三步兵师ABC weapons = Atomic, Biological and Chemical weapons 核生化武器air attack 空袭air raid siren 空袭警报Air-to-air missile 空对空导弹AK-47 assault rifle AK-47式冲锋枪anti-aircraft fire 防空炮火Apache attack helicopter “阿帕奇”攻击直升机artillery barrage 掩护炮火battalion 营Black Hawk 黑鹰直升机Bockscar 二战中在长崎投下原子弹的飞机名称brigade 旅civilian casualties 平民伤亡coalition forces 英美联军(盟军)coalition of the willing 意愿联盟Cobra “眼镜蛇”式直升机command-and-control site 指挥所commando 突击队company 连corps 军decapitation 斩首depleted uranium shell 贫铀弹direct firefight 正面交火division 师electronic warfare 电子战embedded journalist 随军记者Enolagay (B-29 Bomber)二战中在广岛投下第一颗原子弹的轰炸机名称Evocet “飞鱼式”导弹Fat Man 二战中在长崎投下的原子弹名称Fedayeen(die-hard Iraqi loyalists) 萨达姆敢死队fierce resistance 顽强抵抗foxhole 掩体global-positioning technology 全球定位技术ground troops 地面部队hand-to-hand combat 肉搏战Harrier (英美) “鹞”式飞机Hawk missile “隼”式防空导弹human cost of war 战争中的人员伤亡human shield 人体盾牌humanitarian supply/aid 人道主义援助JDAMs (Joint Direct Attack Munitions) 联合直接攻击炸弹land campaign 地面战light infantry 轻装步兵Marine 海军陆战队mechanized units 机械化部队Mig jet fighter (俄)“米格”喷气式战斗机militia/paramilitary fighters 民兵Mirage “幻影式”战斗机night-vision goggles 夜视镜paratrooper 伞兵Patriot missile 爱国者导弹post-war reconstruction 战后重建precision-guided bomb 精确制导导弹psychological operations 心理战rapid advance 快速推进regular troops 正规部队Republican Guard forces 共和国卫队Scud missile “飞毛腿”导弹Sea King helicopter “海王”式直升机shock and awe 震慑与敬畏(震慑)Side-winder “响尾蛇” 导弹Silkworm missile “蚕式”导弹smart bomb 智能炸弹Special Operations Forces 特种部队stealth fighters 隐形轰炸机Stingle “毒刺”地对空导弹street-to-street fight 巷战target of opportunity 首脑目标Tomahawk cruise missile “战斧式”巡航导弹Topoi-M (俄)白杨-M型洲际弹道导弹Tornado (英) “旋风式”轰炸机TOW missile (Tube-launched Optically-tracked Wire-guided anti-tank missile) “陶”式反坦克导弹(有线制导、光学跟踪、管式发射的反坦克导弹)Trident 三叉戟飞机，三叉戟潜艇U-boat 德国潜水艇Viper “毒蛇”导弹八、联合国术语Disarmament Committee 裁军委员会Economic and Social Council 经济和社会理事会General Assembly 联合国大会IBRD – International Bank of Restructure and Development国际重建开发银行IFC – International Finance Corporation 国际金融机构IMF – International Monetary Fund 国际货币基组织International Court of Justice 国际法庭ITU – International Telecommunication 国际电信联盟Military Staff Committee 军事参谋团Non-permanent Member 非常任理事国Permanent Member 常任理事国Regional Commissions 区域委员会Secretariat 秘书处Secretary General 联合国秘书长Trusteeship Council 托管理事会UNSC – United Nations Security Council 联合国安理会九、经济•贸易术语a transparent and effective judicial system透明且有效的法制体系a transparent tax system 透明的税收体系accelerated regional recycling 加速的地区轮替accommodation 通融additional/extraneous risks 附加险advertising expenditure 广告费after-sale service 售后服务All Ordinaries Index (澳大利亚)股市指数all risks 一切险Amex(American Stock Exchange) 美国股票交易所anti-dumping laws (rules) 反倾销法(规则)arbitration 仲裁Arbitration Tribunal 仲裁庭ASEAN Free Trade Area 东盟自由贸易区balance of international payment 国际收支balance 余额Balance-of-payment Provisions（BOP）国际收支条款bank-charge 银行费用beyond financial capability 超出财政能力bidder 投标人CAC-40 Index (法国)股市指数call waiting 待机caller ID 来电显示carton 纸板箱catalogue 目录CD(Certificate-of-deposit) 大额存款单Chicago Mercantile Exchange 芝加哥商业交易所China’s Protocol 《中国议定书》CIFC (cost, insurance and freight, inclusive of commission) 到岸价含佣金价combined invoice 联合发票commission 佣金Consumer Price Index 消费者价格指数controlled commodities 受管制商品（货物）correspondence 函电cover insurance 投保coverage 保险范围CTA(Commodities Trading Advisor) 农矿产品交易顾问Currency Board 货币委员会D/A document against acceptance 成兑交单D/P document against payment 付款交单DAX Index (法兰克福)德国股市指数deferred payment 延期付款deficit 亏空, 赤字deflation 通货紧缩devaluation 贬值dispute-resolving mechanism 争端解决机制dispute-settlement system 争端解决机制distributor 经销商DJIA(Dow-Jones Industrial Average)道•琼斯工业股价平均数Documentary Collection 跟单托收Dow-Jones Transpositions Average道•琼斯公用事业股价平均数draft at sight 即期汇票duty-free = tax-exempt . 免税的economic entity 经济实体economic sanctions 经济制裁effect shipment 装船end-user 最终用户establish market 建立市场exercises machines 健身器材export control policy 出口管制政策export subsidies 出口补贴external deficit 国际收支赤字external surplus 国际收支盈余failure to delivery risk 交货不到险fair competition 公平竞争fair trade 公平贸易favorable balance of trade 出超Federal Agency Issues 联邦机构债券file a claim 提出索赔financial standing 资信情况FOB (free on board) 离岸价follow suit 照此办理foreign trade disputes 外贸纠纷free from particular average(FPA) 平安险FTSI(Financial Times 100 Share Index)(英国)金融时报100种股票指数GATT – General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade 《关税及贸易总协定》general average 共同海损global economic stability 全球经济稳定GNP – Gross National Product 国民生产总值handle with care 小心轻放Hang Seng Index (香港)恒生指数head office 总部import monopolies 进口垄断import substitution 进口替代improper packing 不当包装in sound condition 状况良好insecure packing 不安全包装inspection certificate 检验证书installments 分期付款insurance policy 保险单interest rate 利率investment in non-productive projects 非生产性投资invoice value 发票金额invoice 发票IRA(Individual Retirement Account) 个人退休账号irrevocable L/C 不可撤销信用证know-how 专有技术L/C letter of credit 信用证layers 堆码曾数lodge a claim against sb. 索赔long-term loan 长期贷款lump sum 大笔金额make a firm offer 报实盘价marine disputes 海事纠纷market access problems 市场准入问题market share 市场份额most-favored-nation（MFN）treatment最惠国待遇Multilateral Trade Organization 多边贸易组织NAFTA– North American Free Trade Agreement 《北美自由贸易协定》NASD(National Association of Securities Dealers)全美交易者协会NA V(Net Asset Value) 净资产值negotiating bank 议付行negotiation mechanism 协商机制new issue(IPO Initial Public Offering) 新上市股票Nikkei Stock Average 日经股票平均指数nondiscriminatory customs laws 非歧视性海关法律non-tariff measures 非关税措施NYSE(New York Stock Exchange) 纽约股票交易所NYSE’s Composite Index 纽约股票交易综合指数NYSE’s Volume 纽约股票交易量offer 报盘OPEC – Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries 石油输出国组织open bids 公开招标open cover 预约保险open one’s mouth too wide 漫天要价overseas business 海外业务overseas investment 海外投资packing fee 包装费packing list 装箱单partial shipment 分批装运particular average 单独海损payment terms 支付条件pilot-country 龙头国家(能带来最大利润机会的国家)place 下订单port of destination 目的港port of loading 装运港premium 保险费Printed Shirting 印花布private-held 私人控股的put money in jeopardy 把钱打水漂quota 配额quota-free products 非配额产品reciprocating and mutual benefit 互利互惠regular packing 常规包装remittance 汇款risk of breakage 破碎险risk of odor 串味险risk of shortage 短量险。
(完整版)参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英文对照与中文名词解释
参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英文对照国际结算 International Settlement有形贸易 Visible Trade无形贸易 Invisible Trade洗钱 Money Laundering支付协定 Payment Agreement国际结算制度 System of International Settlement支付系统 Payment System代表处 Representative Office代理处 Agency Office海外分、支行（境外联行） Overseas Sister Bank/Branch,Subbranch 代理银行 Correspondent Banks附属银行（子银行） Subsidiary Banks联营银行 Affiliated Banks银团银行 Consortium Bank票据 Instrument设权性 Right to Be Paid无因性 Non causative Nature要式性 Requisite in Form流通性 Negotiability可追索性 Recoursement基本当事人 Immediate Parties附属当事人 Remote Parties出票人 Drawer付款人 Payer，Drawee收款人 Payee背书人 Endorser被背书人 Endorsee持票人 Holder承兑人 Acceptor保证人 Guarantor汇票 Bill of Exchange限制性抬头 Restrictive Order指示性抬头 Demonstrative Order持票来人抬头 Payable to Bearer出票日期 Date of Issue出票人签字 Signature of the Drawer出票地点 Place of Payment付款地点 Place of Payment付款日期 Tenor见票即付 At Sight or on Demand定日付款 At a Fixed Date见票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Sight出票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Date付一不付二 Pay This First/Second Bill担当付款人 Person Designated as payer预备付款人 Referee in Case of Need必须提示承兑 Presentment for Acceptance Required 不得提示承兑 Acceptance Prohibited付对价持票人 Holder for Value正当持票人Holder in Due Course/Bona Fide Holder 银行汇票 Banker’s Draft商业汇票 Trade Bill承兑汇票Acceptance Bill银行承兑汇票 Banker’s Acceptance Bill商业承兑汇票 Trade’s Acceptance Bill即期汇票 Sight Draft ,Demand Draft远期汇票 Time Bill, Usance Bill光票 Clean Bill跟单汇票 Documentary Bill本票 Promissory Note商业本票Promissory Note银行本票 Cashier’s Order/Check国际汇票 Overseas Money Order支票 Cheque or Check出票 Issue背书 Indorsement承兑 Acceptance保证 Guarantee保付 Certified to Pay提示 Presentation付款 Payment拒付 Dishonour追索 Recourse顺汇 Remittance逆汇 Reverse Remittance汇款人 Remitter汇出行 Remitting Bank汇入行 Paying Bank收款人 Payee电汇 Telegraphic Transfer信汇 Mail Transfer票汇 Remittance by Banker’s Demand Draft预付货款 Payment in Advance货到付款 Payment after Arrival of the Goods托收 Collection委托人 Principal托收行 Remitting Bank代收行 Collecting Bank付款人 Drawee提示行 Presenting Bank托收申请书 Collection Application托收委托书 Collection Advice信用证 Letter of Credit议付行 Negotiating Bank偿付行 Reimbursing Bank开证申请人Applicant开证行 Issuing Bank受益人 Beneficiary通知行 Advising Bank保兑行 Confirming Bank付款行 Paying Bank光票信用证 Clean Credit跟单信用证 Document Credit不可撤销信用证Irrevocable Credit可撤销信用证 Revocable Credit保兑信用证 Confirmed Credit不保兑信用证 Unconfirmed Credit即期付款信用证 Sight Payment Credit延期付款信用证 Deferred Payment Credit承兑信用证 Acceptance Credit转让信用证 Transferable Credit不可转让信用证 Nor-transferable Credit背对背信用证 Back to Back Credit循环信用证 Revolving Credit预支信用证 Anticipatory Credit银行保函 Letter of Guarantee申请人 Applicant/Principal受益人 Beneficiary担保行 Guarantor Bank通知行 Advising Bank转开行 Reissuing Bank反担保行 Counter Guarantor Bank保兑行 Confirming Bank投标保函 Tender Gurantee履约保函 Performance Gurantee预付款保函 Advanced Payment Gurantee质量保函Quality Gurantee关税保付保函 Customs Gurantee付款保函 Payment Gurantee延期付款保行 Defeerd Payment Gurantee补偿贸易保函 Compensation Gurantee来料加工保函 Processing Gurantee租赁保函 Lease Gurantee借款保函 Loan Gurantee保释金保函 Bail Bond票据保付保函Gurantee For Bill费用保付保函 Payment Gurantee for Commission 备用信用证 Stand-by Letter of Credit单据 Documents商业发票 Commercail Invoice首文 Heading正文Body海关发票 Customs Invoice形式发票 Proforma Invoice领事发票 Consular Invoice样品发票 Sample Invoice广商发票 Manufacturer Invoice证实发票 Certified Invoice货物运输单据 Transport documents海运提单Marine Bill of Loading托运人 Shipper/Consignor承运人 Carrier收货人 Consignee受让人 Transferee or Assignee已装船提单 Shipped on Board待运提单 Received for Shipment直达提单Direct B/L转船提单 Transshipmen B/L联运提单 Through B/L清洁提单 Clean B/L不清洁提单 Unclean B/L记名提单 Straight B/L不记名提单 Open B/L指示性提单 Order B/L简式提单 Short Form B/L全式提单 Long Form B/L班轮提单 Liner B/L租船提单 Charter B/L运输代理行提单 Horse B/L过期提单 Stale B/L倒签提单Anti-dated B/L集装箱运输提单 Container B/L多式运输 Multimodal Transport多是运输单据Multimodal Transport Document不可流通转让的海运单 Non-negotiable Sea Waybill租船合约提单 Charter Party Bill of Lading航空运单 Airway Bill基本险 Chief Risk一般附加险 Additional Risk特殊附加险 Special Additional Risk保险单 Insurance Policy预约保险单Open Policy of Open Cover保险凭证 Insurance Certificate保险声明 Insurance Declaration联合凭证 Combined Certificate暂保单 Cover Note商品验证说明 Inspection Certificate产地证明书 Certificate of Origin包装单据 Packing Document装货箱 Packing List重量单 Weight List打包贷款 Packing Credit/Loan出口押汇 Outward Bill质押书 Letter of Hypothecation出口托收押汇 Advance against Documentary Collection 银行承兑 Bank’s Acceptance票据贴现 Bill Discount出口发票 Invoice Discounting进口开证额度 Limits for Issuing of Credit信托收据 Trust Receipt, T.R, T/R留置权书 Letter of Lien进口押汇 Inward Bills进口信用证押汇 Inward Bill Receivables买房远期信用证 Buyer’s Usance L/C提货担保 Delivery against Bank Guarantee国际保理 International Factoring销售分户账管理 Maintenance of The Sales Ledger债款回收 Collection from Debtors信用销售控制 Credit Control坏账担保 Full Protection Against Bad Debts贸易融资 Trade Financing福费廷 Forfaiting贴现率 Discount Rate承诺费 Commitment Fee利息补贴 Interest Make-up侨汇 Overseas Chinese Remittance外币兑换业务 Exchange of Foreign Currency旅行支票 Traveler’s Cheque信用卡 Credit Card万事达卡 Master Card维萨卡 VISA Card运通卡 American Express Card大莱卡 Diners Club Car国际贸易结算：以票据为基础，单据为条件，银行为中枢，结算与融资相结合的非现金结算体系。
白皮书、绿皮书、红皮书、蓝皮书、黑皮书、褐皮书的含义
⽩⽪书、绿⽪书、红⽪书、蓝⽪书、⿊⽪书、褐⽪书的含义⽩⽪书、绿⽪书、红⽪书、蓝⽪书、⿊⽪书、褐⽪书的含义今天看资料，发现绿⽪书和⽩⽪书等，google 了⼀下，理清了各种⽪书的意义。
当然这些意义是官⽅和正规机构⼀般遵循这种意义表达，商业机构经常不循此理。
1.绿⽪书(Green Paper)是政府就某⼀重要政策或议题⽽正式发表的咨询⽂件，起源于英美政府。
因为报告书的封⾯是绿⾊，所以被称为绿⽪书。
绿⽪书被视为政府对国民征询意见的⼀种⼿段。
在英联邦国家或曾被英国统治的地⽅（例如⾹港），政府在准备推⾏重要政策前通常会先发表绿⽪书收集市民意见，经过修订后再发表⽩⽪书作出最后公布。
2.⽩⽪书（White Paper）通常指具有权威性的报告或指导性⽂本，⽤以阐述、解决或决策。
⽩⽪书在政府和B2C市场中都有应⽤。
政府的⽩⽪书，是政府就某⼀重要政策或议题⽽正式发表的官⽅报告书，起源于英美政府。
因为报告书的封⾯是⽩⾊，所以被称为⽩⽪书。
⼀国政府或议会正式发表的以⽩⾊封⾯装帧的重要⽂件或报告书的别称。
”⽪书”最早源于政府部门对某个专门问题的特定报告，通常这种报告在印刷时不作任何装饰，封⾯也是⽩纸⿊字，所以称为”⽩⽪书”。
各国的⽂件分别有其惯⽤的颜⾊，封⾯⽤⽩⾊，就叫⽩⽪书，如1949年8⽉美国发表的《美国与中国的关系的声明》为⽩⽪书。
封⾯⽤蓝⾊，叫蓝⽪书（如英国）；⽤红⾊，叫红⽪书（如西班⽛）；⽤黄⾊，叫黄⽪书（如法国）；⽤绿⾊，叫绿⽪书（如意⼤利）等。
使⽤⽩⽪书和蓝⽪书的国家最多，特别是⽩⽪书已经成为国际上公认的正式官⽅⽂书。
⽩⽪书被视为政府对国民正式发布讯息、资料和政策的⼀种⼿段。
在⼤英国协国家或曾被英国统治的地⽅，⽩⽪书是政府重要政策落实前的最后公布。
3.蓝⽪书，⼀般是由第三⽅完成的综合研究报告。
蓝⽪书⽤于官⽅⽂件时，主要指英国议会的⼀种出版物。
因封⽪是蓝⾊，故名。
开始发⾏于1681年，⾃1836年才公开出售。
美联储(英文)
Federal Reserve Banks
Federal Reserve Banks were edstablished by Congress as the operating arms of the nation's central banking system.Many of the services provided by this network to depository institutions and the government are similar to services provided by banks and thrift institutions to business customers and individuals.Reserve Banks hold the cash reserves of depository institutions and make loans to them. They move currency and coin into and out of circulation, and collect and process millions of checks each day.
The Function of Fed
The Fed provide the nation with a safe ,flexible,and stable monctary and fiancial system.
The map shows locations of the Reserve Banks and their Branches
Board of Directors
Board of Directors
Class A Member Banks
美联储加息究竟是指加的什么利息
美联储加息究竟是指加的什么利息美联储加息是指加的什么利息联邦基金利率事实上，美联储所谓的加息，不是直接上调商业银行的存贷款利率，而是上调美国“联邦基金利率”。
这是美联储会员银行(800多家)之间的同业拆借利率，也就是其他金融机构向美联储借钱时的利率。
美联储不加息意味着什么美联储不加息意味着股市暂时不会受到影响，这对美国股市甚至世界股市来说都是个好消息。
由于世界上许多国家的货币与美国货币有一定的联系，美联储加息后，许多以美元计算的贵金属和大宗商品的价格将下跌，这些商品分销商的股价也将下跌，因此美联储不加息对股市有利。
美联储简介美联储的全称是美联储系统，其英文名称是The Federal Reserve System。
1913年，美联储正式成立。
美联储实际上是一家私人银行，但其性质属于中央银行。
许多美国海外资本家通过美联储操纵美国政治。
美联储实际上由旧金山、达拉斯、堪萨斯城、明尼阿波利斯、波士顿、纽约、圣路易斯、费城、克利夫兰、芝加哥、里士满和亚特兰大的12家联邦储备银行组成，每个地区的美联储分行都有该地区的银行管辖权。
加息对期货有什么影响加息就是提高存款利息和贷款利息，那么资金就会从资本市场回流至银行，流通中的现金减少后，因此对期货有一定的利空影响。
加息的目的主要是抑制通货膨胀，物价降低后现货价格可能会降价，现货价格降价期货也会下跌。
通货膨胀，也就是货币供应量过多，商品过少，因此在此期间现货或期货价格都比较高，但加息后物价慢慢回归正常，所以期货价格就会慢慢下降。
从过往加息的情况来看，加息对期货市场上工业产品的利空影响大于农产品期货价格影响。
并且加息的次数多了投资者对利空信号越麻木。
比如中美贸易战前期美国一加息就会引起A股市场大跌，但到了后期美国再次加息，恐慌情绪被消磨因此即便加息影响也不大。
而影响期货价格变动的主要还是现货价格的变动。
为什么要加息俗话说物以稀为贵，如果不能增加商品供应量，那么就只能调控货币。
英文翻译之金融类词汇总结版
（一）缩略词汇（缩略词-全称-中文翻译）国际机构与组织：IMF-International Monetary Fund-国际货币基金组织BIS-Bank for International Settlements-国际清算银行FSB-Financial Stability Board-金融稳定理事会FSAP-Financial Sector Assessment Program-金融部门评估规划IOSCO-International Organization of Securities Commissions-国际证监会组织IADI-International Association of Deposit Insurers-国际存款保险机构协会BCBS-Basel Committee on Banking Supervision-巴塞尔银行监管委员会FOMC-Federal Open Market Committee-美联储公开市场委员会EMEs-Emerging Market Economies-新兴市场经济体SRC-Standing Committee for Supervisory and Regulatory Cooperation-监管合作委员会经济金融专业词汇：SIE-Supervisory Intensity and Effectiveness-监管强度与有效性SCAP-Supervisory Capital Assessment Program-监管资本评估计划Core Principles for Effective Banking Supervision-有效银行监管核心原则TARP-Troubled Asset Relief Program-问题资产救助计划HAMP-Home Affordable Modification Program-住房可偿付调整计划MMFs-Money Market Funds-货币市场基金FHA-Federal Housing Administration-联邦住房管理局QE-Quantitative Easing-量化宽松货币政策BCPs-Basel Core Principles-巴塞尔核心原则SIFIs-Systemically Important Financial Institutions-系统重要性金融机构(G-SIFIs)-Global Systemically Important Financial Institutions-全球系统重要性金融机构SME-Small and Medium Enterpises-中小型企业（Euro：〈49 小型，〈249 中型；USA:〈99 小型，〈500 中型）QIS-Quantitative Impact Study-定量影响分析(研究)，简称“定量测算”。
（完整版）参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英文对照与中文名词解释
（完整版）参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英⽂对照与中⽂名词解释参考资料：《国际结算》相关术语中英⽂对照国际结算 International Settlement有形贸易 Visible Trade⽆形贸易 Invisible Trade洗钱 Money Laundering⽀付协定 Payment Agreement国际结算制度 System of International Settlement⽀付系统 Payment System代表处 Representative Office代理处 Agency Office海外分、⽀⾏（境外联⾏） Overseas Sister Bank/Branch,Subbranch 代理银⾏ Correspondent Banks附属银⾏（⼦银⾏） Subsidiary Banks联营银⾏ Affiliated Banks银团银⾏ Consortium Bank票据 Instrument设权性 Right to Be Paid⽆因性 Non causative Nature要式性 Requisite in Form流通性 Negotiability可追索性 Recoursement基本当事⼈ Immediate Parties附属当事⼈ Remote Parties出票⼈ Drawer付款⼈ Payer，Drawee收款⼈ Payee背书⼈ Endorser被背书⼈ Endorsee持票⼈ Holder承兑⼈ Acceptor保证⼈ Guarantor汇票 Bill of Exchange限制性抬头 Restrictive Order指⽰性抬头 Demonstrative Order持票来⼈抬头 Payable to Bearer出票⽇期 Date of Issue出票⼈签字 Signature of the Drawer出票地点 Place of Payment付款地点 Place of Payment付款⽇期 Tenor见票即付 At Sight or on Demand定⽇付款 At a Fixed Date见票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Sight出票后定期付款 At a Fixed Period after Date付⼀不付⼆ Pay This First/Second Bill担当付款⼈ Person Designated as payer预备付款⼈ Referee in Case of Need必须提⽰承兑 Presentment for Acceptance Required 不得提⽰承兑 Acceptance Prohibited 付对价持票⼈ Holder for Value正当持票⼈Holder in Due Course/Bona Fide Holder 银⾏汇票 Banker’s Draft商业汇票 Trade Bill承兑汇票Acceptance Bill银⾏承兑汇票 Banker’s Acceptance Bill商业承兑汇票 Trade’s Acceptance Bill即期汇票 Sight Draft ,Demand Draft远期汇票 Time Bill, Usance Bill光票 Clean Bill跟单汇票 Documentary Bill本票 Promissory Note商业本票Promissory Note银⾏本票 Cashier’s Order/Check国际汇票 Overseas Money Order⽀票 Cheque or Check出票 Issue背书 Indorsement承兑 Acceptance保证 Guarantee保付 Certified to Pay提⽰ Presentation付款 Payment拒付 Dishonour追索 Recourse顺汇 Remittance逆汇 Reverse Remittance汇款⼈ Remitter汇出⾏ Remitting Bank汇⼊⾏ Paying Bank收款⼈ Payee电汇 Telegraphic Transfer信汇 Mail Transfer票汇 Remittance by Banker’s Demand Draft 预付货款 Payment in Advance货到付款 Payment after Arrival of the Goods 托收 Collection委托⼈ Principal托收⾏ Remitting Bank代收⾏ Collecting Bank付款⼈ Drawee提⽰⾏ Presenting Bank托收申请书 Collection Application托收委托书 Collection Advice信⽤证 Letter of Credit议付⾏ Negotiating Bank偿付⾏ Reimbursing Bank开证申请⼈Applicant开证⾏ Issuing Bank受益⼈ Beneficiary通知⾏ Advising Bank保兑⾏ Confirming Bank付款⾏ Paying Bank光票信⽤证 Clean Credit跟单信⽤证 Document Credit不可撤销信⽤证Irrevocable Credit可撤销信⽤证 Revocable Credit保兑信⽤证 Confirmed Credit不保兑信⽤证 Unconfirmed Credit即期付款信⽤证 Sight Payment Credit延期付款信⽤证 Deferred Payment Credit承兑信⽤证 Acceptance Credit转让信⽤证 Transferable Credit不可转让信⽤证 Nor-transferable Credit背对背信⽤证 Back to Back Credit循环信⽤证 Revolving Credit预⽀信⽤证 Anticipatory Credit银⾏保函 Letter of Guarantee申请⼈ Applicant/Principal受益⼈ Beneficiary担保⾏ Guarantor Bank通知⾏ Advising Bank转开⾏ Reissuing Bank反担保⾏ Counter Guarantor Bank保兑⾏ Confirming Bank投标保函 Tender Gurantee履约保函 Performance Gurantee预付款保函 Advanced Payment Gurantee质量保函Quality Gurantee关税保付保函 Customs Gurantee付款保函 Payment Gurantee延期付款保⾏ Defeerd Payment Gurantee补偿贸易保函 Compensation Gurantee来料加⼯保函 Processing Gurantee租赁保函 Lease Gurantee借款保函 Loan Gurantee保释⾦保函 Bail Bond票据保付保函Gurantee For Bill费⽤保付保函 Payment Gurantee for Commission 备⽤信⽤证 Stand-by Letter of Credit 单据 Documents商业发票 Commercail Invoice⾸⽂ Heading正⽂Body海关发票 Customs Invoice形式发票 Proforma Invoice领事发票 Consular Invoice样品发票 Sample Invoice⼴商发票 Manufacturer Invoice证实发票 Certified Invoice货物运输单据 Transport documents海运提单Marine Bill of Loading托运⼈ Shipper/Consignor承运⼈ Carrier收货⼈ Consignee受让⼈ Transferee or Assignee已装船提单 Shipped on Board待运提单 Received for Shipment直达提单Direct B/L转船提单 Transshipmen B/L联运提单 Through B/L清洁提单 Clean B/L不清洁提单 Unclean B/L记名提单 Straight B/L不记名提单 Open B/L指⽰性提单 Order B/L简式提单 Short Form B/L全式提单 Long Form B/L班轮提单 Liner B/L租船提单 Charter B/L运输代理⾏提单 Horse B/L过期提单 Stale B/L倒签提单Anti-dated B/L集装箱运输提单 Container B/L多式运输 Multimodal Transport多是运输单据Multimodal Transport Document不可流通转让的海运单 Non-negotiable Sea Waybill租船合约提单 Charter Party Bill of Lading航空运单 Airway Bill基本险 Chief Risk⼀般附加险 Additional Risk特殊附加险 Special Additional Risk保险单 Insurance Policy预约保险单Open Policy of Open Cover保险凭证 Insurance Certificate保险声明 Insurance Declaration联合凭证 Combined Certificate暂保单 Cover Note商品验证说明 Inspection Certificate产地证明书 Certificate of Origin包装单据 Packing Document装货箱 Packing List重量单 Weight List打包贷款 Packing Credit/Loan出⼝押汇 Outward Bill质押书 Letter of Hypothecation出⼝托收押汇 Advance against Documentary Collection 银⾏承兑 Bank’s Acceptance 票据贴现 Bill Discount出⼝发票 Invoice Discounting进⼝开证额度 Limits for Issuing of Credit信托收据 Trust Receipt, T.R, T/R留置权书 Letter of Lien进⼝押汇 Inward Bills进⼝信⽤证押汇 Inward Bill Receivables买房远期信⽤证 Buyer’s Usance L/C提货担保 Delivery against Bank Guarantee国际保理 International Factoring销售分户账管理 Maintenance of The Sales Ledger债款回收 Collection from Debtors信⽤销售控制 Credit Control坏账担保 Full Protection Against Bad Debts贸易融资 Trade Financing福费廷 Forfaiting贴现率 Discount Rate承诺费 Commitment Fee利息补贴 Interest Make-up侨汇 Overseas Chinese Remittance外币兑换业务 Exchange of Foreign Currency旅⾏⽀票 Traveler’s Cheque信⽤卡 Credit Card万事达卡 Master Card维萨卡 VISA Card运通卡 American Express Card⼤莱卡 Diners Club Car国际贸易结算：以票据为基础，单据为条件，银⾏为中枢，结算与融资相结合的⾮现⾦结算体系。
百科知识 重点名词解释
百科知识名词解释汇率Exchange rate：通俗的说，是一国货币单位兑换他国货币单位的比率，也可以说是用一国货币表示的另一国货币的价格。
量化宽松政策quantitative easing monetary policy：俗称“印钞票”，指一国货币当局通过大量印钞，购买国债或企业债券等方式，向市场注入超额资金，旨在降低市场利率，刺激经济增长。
贸易保护主义（trade protectionism），是指在对外贸易中实行限制进口以保护本国商品在国内市场免受外国商品竞争，并向本国商品提供各种优惠以增强其国际竞争力的主张和政策。
在限制进口方面，主要是采取关税壁垒和非关税壁垒两种措施。
前者主要是通过征收高额进口关税阻止外国商品的大量进口；后者则包括采取进口许可证制、进口配额制等一系列非关税措施来限制外国商品自由进口。
竞争性货币贬值competitive currency depreciation，指各国政府通过使自己国家货币贬值的方式来促进商品的出口国际货币基金组织International Monetary Fund: 于1945年12月27日成立，为世界两大金融机构之一，职责是监察货币汇率和各国贸易情况、提供技术和资金协助，确保全球金融制度运作正常；其总部设在华盛顿。
中国社会主义民主政治socialist democratic politics with Chinese characteristics：坚持党的领导，人民当家作主，依法治国有机统一，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，民族区域自治制度以及基层群众自治制度。
民主集中制democratic centralism：是民主基础上的集中和集中指导下的民主相结合，是马克思列宁主义关于工人阶级政党和社会主义国家学说的组成部分。
对我国社会主义国家机构来说，民主集中制主要表现为全国人民代表大会和地方各级人民代表大会都由民主选举产生，对人民负责，受人民监督；国家行政、审判、检察机关都由人民代表大会选举产生，对它负责，受它监督；中央和地方国家机构职权的划分，遵循在中央统一领导和国家法制统一的前提下，充分发挥地方积极性和主动性的原则。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
System
美联储
CONTENTS
The establishment （建立）of Fed
01
02
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
The Structure of Fed
03
The Function of Fed
The establishment of Fed
In 1913,Congress passed the Federal Reserve Act.It
Board of Directors
Reserve Bank boards directors are divided into three classes of three persons each.Class A directors repersent the member commercial banks in the District,and most are bankers.Class B and Class C directors are selected to repersent the public,with due consideration ,commerce,to the interests of agriculture,industry,services,labor,and consumers.
Board of Directors(董事会)
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System
The System consists of a seven member Board of Governors with headquarters（总部） in Washington ,D.C.,and twelve Reserve Banks located in major cities throughout the United States.The seven members are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate （参议院） to serve 14-year terms of office.The Board usually meets several times a week .Meetings are conduted in compliance with the Government in the Sunshine Act,and many meetings are open to public .
The Function of Fed
The Fed provide the nation with a safe ,flexible,and stable monctary and fiancial system.
The map shows locations of the Reserve Banks and their Branches
Board of Directors
Board of Directors
Class A Member Banks
Class B local Business
Class C Federal Reserve Board
The Structure of Fed
The Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System(联邦储备委员会） The Federal Open Market Committee (联邦公开市场委员 会)
Federal Reserve Banks(联邦储备银行)
Federal Reserve Banks
Federal Reserve Banks were edstablished by Congress as the operating arms of the nation's central banking system.Many of the services provided by this network to depository institutions and the government are similar to services provided by banks and thrift institutions to business customers and individuals.Reserve Banks hold the cash reserves of depository institutions and make loans to them. They move currency and coin into and out of circulation, and collect and process millions of checks each day.
The Federal Open Maarket Committee
The Federal Open Maarket Committee is the most important monetary（货币） policymaking body of the Federal Reserve System.It is responsible for formulation （规划） of a policy designed to promote economic growth,full employment,stable prices,and a sustainable （足可支撑的） pattern of international trade and payments.The Committee makes key decisions regarding the conduct of open market operations purchases and sales of ernment and federal agency securities-which affect the provision of reserves to depository（存托） institutions（机构） and,in turn,the cost and anailability of money and credit in the U.S.
was signed by President Wooddrow Wilson on 23 December of the same year .Its purpose ,as stated in the act itself was to provide for the establishment of Federal reserve banks to furnish an elastic(灵活的) currency ,to afford means of rediscounting commercial paper ,to establish a more effective supervision(监督) of banking in the United states ,and for other purpose.