在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案
在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案三
Every artist knows in his heart that he is saying something to the public. Not only does he want so say it well, but he wants it to be something which has not been said before. He hopes the public will listen and understand - he wants to teach them, and he wants them to learn from him. What visual artists like painters want to teach is easy to make out but difficult to explain, because painters translate their experiences into shapes and colors, not words. They seem to feel that a certain selection of shapes and colors, out of the countless billions possible, is exceptionally interesting for them and worth showing to us. Without their work we should never have noticed these particular shapes and colors, or have felt the delight which they brought to the artist. Most artists take their shapes and colors from the world of nature and from human bodies in motion and repose; their choices indicate that these aspects of the world are worth looking at, that they contain beautiful sights. Contemporary artists might say that they merely choose subjects that provide an interesting pattern, that there is nothing more in it. Yet even they do not choose entirely without reference to the character of their subjects. If one painter chooses topaint a gangrenous( 生坏疽的) legandanother aworld. Each painter is telling us something, showing us something, emphasizing something---all of which mean that, consciously or unconsciously, he is trying to teach us.1. All artists are common in that _____.[A] they use shapes and colors instead of words[B] they are trying to teach the public[C] what they want to teach is difficult to explain[D] they want to learn from the public2. A painter chooses certain shapes and colors out of the countless billions possible because he believes they _____.[A] are beautiful[B] can bring delight to him[C] are worth showing to the public[D] are particular3. Contemporary artists choose subjects _____.[A] without reference to the character of their subjects[B] that only provide an interesting pattern[C] that there is no meaning in it[D] partly for the meaning of the subjects4. Comparing the painter who paints a gangrenous leg with the one who paints a lake in moonlight,we can draw the conclusion that _____.[A] both convey the same meaning[B] both show certain aspects of the world[C] the latter is more meaningful[D] the former is more meaningful5. According to the passage,which of the follwoing statements is true?[A] The public couldshare the artist’sfeelings throughtheir choice of shapesand colors.[B] The painter should not choose to paint ugly things.[C] Contemporary artists are completely different from other artists.[D] All artists are teaching the public consciously.参考答案： B C B B AWhat are the specific traits that will assist executives to climb the ladder of success? Opinions vary widely. Given approximately equal qualifications and— beinginthe rightplace atthe righttime. Others speak of analmostcrazy devotiontowork, combined with a degree of ruthlessness. One “expert” maintains that it’s undoubtedly a matter of how much education your mother had.To make it big, executives must possess four basic skills:First, drive. Business success takes an unusual amount of energy. A successful executive—almost by definition — is a striver. He will get tense when he is not striving.Second, peoplesense. Somesay beingabletojudgepeopleis moreimportantthan a high IQ. The skill can be instinctual( 本能的), but in most cases it is painstakingly learned.Third, communications ability. Different executives make themselves understood in different ways. Some transmit ideas best face to face; others are masters of the telephone call; still others are persuasive writers. One way or another,they all communicate clearly.Fourth, calm under pressure. No businessman will get very far if he chokes up.1. Some people claim that besides hard work,the success also requires _____.[A] equal qualifications[B] specific traits[C] much education[D] a degree of cruelty2. According to the passage,a high IQ is _____.[A] instinctual[B] painstakingly learnt[C] inborn[D] more trivial than people sense3. The successful executives must _____.[A] transmit ideas face to face[B] depend on telephones[C] be persuasive writers[D] express themselves distinctly4. Which of the following statements is TRUE?[A] Every businessman possesses these four skills.[B] When a triver stops his devotion to work,he will feel quite at ease.[C] These basic skills are not instinctual at all.[D] Mother’s education has undoubted effect on her child’s success.5. What’s the main idea of the passage?[A] Four skills for successful executives.[B] Some opinions about the success.[C] Specific traits for successful executives.[D] Qualifications and circumstances for climbing the ladder.参考答案： D D D D CThe kind of music, song, and dance a people generates, with its characteristic rhythmandbeat, forms oneof thebestindexes of its cultural style, andinAmerica,the dominant musical styles are blues, swing and jazz. The lyrics to this music are often foolishly sentimental and sometimes non-sensical, but frequently they embody a wildandearthy humor, or a sadandtragic strain. As distinguishedfrommost American popular tunes, American hot music is not written to be danced to. Yet there is an internal beat in jazz which relates deeply to dance: the movements of the body interpret the music’sint ent better than words can. When there is dancing, however, the dances break away from a formal pattern and, at their bat, keep with the improvisation ( 即兴) of the music. Unlike earlier American folk dances, which are collective, so-called ballroom dancing is performed by couples. Each couple is comparatively alone, not being well enough acquainted with the other couples on the dance floor to join them. But, in the swing dancing, as the music mounts the partners separate to execute complicated solo variations and then rejoin each other. As the music approaches one of its climaxes, the dancers pay the musicians the tribute( 赞美) of gathering around to cheer them on. In popular dance and music, Americans come closer to reaching a native idiom of religious feeling than they do in any other aspect of their lives.1. The main idea of the passage is that _____.[A] popular dance and music are an important aspect of American life[B] the American hot music is different from most American popular tunes[C] modern dancing is different from earlier American folk dances[D] all of the abovepopular2. The difference between American hot music and most Americantunes is that _____.[A] the lyrics to hot music are nonsensical[B] most American popular tunes are written to be danced to[C] there is not internal beat in hot music[D] hot music can not be interpreted by dance3. According to the passage,the swing dancing _____.[A] collective[B] performed by couples[C] individual improvising[D] gathering around the musician4. Which is the relationship between jazz and dance?[A] Both the music and the dance have formal pattern.[B] The dances always keep the music to interpret it.[C] Jazz has nothing to do with dance.[D] Jazz can be interpreted by dance,though not so well as by words.5. In the swing dancing,the musicians _____.[A] cheer the dancers on[B] gather around the dancers[C] execute complicated variations[D] were gathered around by the dancers参考答案： A B C D BThe heritage of English law brought with it the seeds of American liberty-not the flower and the fruit, which were to be produced after long labor and painful struggle. Nevertheless, the seeds were there and they sprouted, took root and havecontinuedtogrow. Tothis extent, theinheritancewas valuable, butitis nottobe denied that even though English law gave us the seeds of liberty, it also imposed upon us a vast amount of useless lumber that we have not swept away entirely --- after three hundred years of unceasing effort. Even the system of trial byjury, inspiteof its enormous value, cametous withburdensome, outwornideasand unnecessary precautions, on the one hand, and with no adequate means of adaptation to changing conditions, on the other. For one thing, in the early days it was assumedthat ignorance of the facts was a guarantee of ajuror’simpartiality.At that time, when means of communication were few and slow, there was something to be said for the idea; but today, when means of communication were abundant and almost instantaneous, ignorance of the facts is evidence, not of impartiality, but of extraordinary stupidity, or of extraordinary indifference. The rule that a juror must be ignorant of the facts is, therefore, a rule that operates against, not for the effort to fill the jury box with honest men of ordinary intelligence. It has become so hopeless, indeed, that the courts literally ceased long ago trying to enforce it. It is, nevertheless, still a theoretical part of the system.1 The passage is main about _____.[A] the seeds of American literty[B] the system of trial by jury[C] a theoretical weakness of the jury system[D] the changing conditions in the jury system2. The inheritance of English law brought with it _____.[A] the seeds of American literty[B] the flower and fruit of American literty[C] some ideas and precautions which were useless[D] both A and C3. The assumption that ignorance of the facts was a guarantee of a juror’s impartiality _____.[A] was reasonable neither in the past nor at present[B] was extraordinary stupid or indifferent[C] is not valid under the changing conditions[D] has been proved reasonable4. The rule that a juror must be ignorant of the facts is _____.[A] no longer a theoretical part of the system[B] no longer strictly enforced[C] against the theoretical basis[D] still strictly enfore5. Which of the following statements is true?[A] The rules of the trial system should be more flexible to adapt to the changing conditions.[B] The members of the jury should be of extraordinary intelligance.[C] Ignorance of the facts on the part of a juror today is evidence of impartiality.[D] When means of communication had proved abundant,there was nothing to be said for the idea.参考答案： C D C B A。
在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案六
在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案六When your parents advise you to “get an education” in order to raise your income,they tell you only half the truth.What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society,but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.Get a high school diploma,at least.Without that,you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison,and you can successfully dropout in grade school.Get a college degree,if possible.With a B.A.,you are on the launching pad.But now you have to start to put on the brakes.If you go for a master’s degree,make sure it is an M.B.A.,and is famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.Do you know,for instance,that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors?Yes,theaverage 1977 salary for those truckers was $24000. While the full professors managed to earn just $23030.A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get.Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes,if you pursue such a degree in any other field,you will face a dim future. there are more Ph.D.s unemloyed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or-worst of all-in philosophy,you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands.Not for our needs,mind you,but for our demands.Thousands of Ph.D.s are selling shoes,driving cars,waiting on table,and endlessly filling out applications month after month.They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor earns.You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far.Far enough,that is,to make you useful to the gross national product,but not so far thatnobody can turn much of a profit on you.1. According to the writer,what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _____.[A] will not be a disgrace to society[B] will become loyal citizens[C] can take care of themselves[D] can meet the nation’s demands as a source of manpower2. Many Ph.D.s are out of job because _____.[A] they are improperly educated[B] they are of little commercial value to their society[C] there are fewer jobs in high schools[D] they prefer easier jobs that make more money3. The nation is only interested in people _____.[A] with diplomas[B] who specialize in physics and chemistry[C] who are valuable to the gross national product[D] both A and C4. Which of the following is not true?[A] Bernard Shaw didn’t finish high schools,nordid Edison.[B] One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.[C] The higher your education level,the more money you will earn.[D] If you are too well-educated,you’ll be overeducated for society’s demands.5. The writer sees education as _____.[A] a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a country’s demands for technical workers[B] a way to broaden one’s horizons[C] more important than finding a job[D] an opportunity that everyone should have参考答案：D B C C A There are some earth phenomena you can count on, but the magnetic field, some say, is not one of them. It fluctuates in strength, drifts from its axis, and every few 100,000, years undergoes a dramatic polarity reversal—a period when north pole becomes south pole and south pole becomes north pole. But how is the field generated, and why is it so unstable?Groundbreaking research by two French geophysicists promises to shed some light on the mystery. Using 80 metres of deep sea sediment (沉淀物) core, they have obtained measurements of magnetic-field intensity that span 11 polarity reversals and four million years. The analysis reveals that intensity appears to fluctuate with a clear, well-defined rhythm. Although the strength of the magnetic field varies irregularly during the short terra, there seems to be an inevitable long-term decline preceding each polarity reversal. When the poles flip—a process that takes several hundred thousand years—the magnetic field rapidly regains its strength and the cycle is repeated.The results have caused a stir among geophysicists. The magnetic field is thought to originate from molten (熔化的) iron in the outer core, 3,000 kilometers beneath the earth’s surface. By studying mineral grains found in material ranging from rocks to clay articles, previous researchers have already been able to identify reversals dating back 170 million years, including the most recent switch 730,000years ago. How and why they occur, however, has been widely debated. Several theories link polarity flips to external disasters such as meteor (陨星) impacts. But Peter Olson, a geophysicist at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, says this is unlikely if the French researchers are right. In fact, Olson says intensity that predictably declines from one reversal to the next contradicts 90 percent of the models currently under study. If the results prove to be valid, geophysicists will have a new theory to guide them in their quest to understand the earth’s inner physics. It certainly points the direction for future research.1.Which of the following titles is most appropriate to the passage?A.Polarity Reversal: A Fantastic Phenomenon of Nature.B.Measurement of the Earth’s Magnetic-Field Intensity.C.Formation of the Two Poles of the Earth.D.A New Approach to the Study of Geophysics.2.The word “flip” (Line6, Para, 2) most probably means “___”.A. declineB. intensifyC. fluctuateD. reverse3.What have the two French geophysicists discovered in their research?A.Some regularity in the changes of the earth’s magnetic field.B.Some causes of the fluctuation of the earth’s magnetic field.C.The origin of the earth’s magnetic field.D.The frequency of polarity reversals.4.The French geophysicists’ study is different from currently prevailing theories in____.A.its identification of the origin of the earth’s magnet ic fieldB.the way the earth’s magnetic intensity is measuredC.its explanation of the shift in the earth’s polarityD.the way the earth’s fluctuation rhythm is defined5.In Peter Olson’s opinion, the French experiment_____.A.is likely to direct further research in the inner physics of the earthB.has successfully solved the mystery of polarity reversalsC.is certain to help predict external disastersD.has caused great confusion among the world’s geophysicists参考答案：A D A C A I wonder if you realize just how many others share your problem. It is so common for people to distort the truth about themselves. Sometimes it’s just an invented excuse when you’re late for something or a pretence that you like someone you don’t. These white lies don’t usually harm anyone and indeed often help smooth over difficult social situations. They certainly are embarrassing if exposed but, on the whole, they’re easily forgiven.What you describe is a habit of lying that is more serious than this. I suspect that the lies you tell are ways of defending an idea you have of your own worth. People who have doubts about their own self-esteemoften worry that others will judge them as harshly as they feel they deserve because of a secret idea that they are pretty worthless. In other words, they create a false picture of themselves, a picture of someone who meets all the expectations they think others have of them, And as you say, that causes problems since they have to keep living up to that image. At the same time, they have to tell further lie to cover the stories they have already told. According to some authorities, this is particularly among women especially those who have few opportunities to develop an adequate sense of self-worth.I suggest you give yourself one day during which you stick solidly to the truth about yourself. Give yourself a small treat at the end of the day if you have managed to keep it up. Wait a week and then try it again. Once you have achieved three separate lie-free days, see if you can cope with three days running, then extend it to a whole week. Don’t make a promise to yourself that you will never lie again because almost certainly you will it’s too much to take on at once. Try to change things little by little, by setting yourself manageabletargets. After a while, you’ll wonder why you ever had the problem at all.1.This passage is a reply to someone who____.A.keeps a habit of lying for vain reasonsB.works hard to meet others’ expectationsC.does not know the truth about himself and is too sure of himselfD.does not know how to make a realistic plan for himself2.Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?A.White lies often cause embarrassment in social situations.B.It is important for women to have an adequate sense of self-worth.C.It takes a little time to get rid of your habit.D.Take exercise like running if you are free and keep it up.3.The expression “living up to” in the second paragraph can best be replaced by____.A. growing up withB. living withC. seekingD. sticking to4.In the last paragraph the writer impliesthat_____.A.you will solve the problem with patience and a strong willB.you must be hard on yourself to accomplish somethingC.your problem lies in the fact that you hasten to make promisesD.you must set different targets at different stages of your life参考答案：A B D A Imagine a world in which there was suddenly no emotion—a world in which human beings could feel no love or happiness, no terror or hate. Try to imagine the consequences of such a transformation. People might not be able to stay alive: knowing neither joy nor pleasure, anxiety nor fear, they would be as likely to repeat acts that hurt them as acts that were beneficial. They could not learn: they could not benefit from experience because this emotionless world would lack rewards and punishments. Society would soondisappear: people would be as likely to harm one another as to provide help and support. Human relationships would not exist: in a world without friends or enemies, there could be no marriage, affection among companions, or bonds among members of groups. Society’s economic underpinnings (支柱) would be destroyed: since earning $10 million would be no more pleasant than earning $10, there would be no incentive to work. In fact, there would be no incentives of any kind. For as we will see, incentives imply a capacity to enjoy them.In such a world, the chances that the human species would survive are next to zero, because emotions are the basic instrument of our survival and adaptation. Emotions structure the world for us in important ways. As individuals, we categorize objects on the basis of our emotions. True, we consider the length, shape, size, or texture, but an object’s physical aspects are less important than what it has done or can do to us—hurt us, surprise us, anger us or make us joyful. We also use categorizations colored by emotions in our families, communities, and overall society. Out of our emotional experiences with objectsand events comes a social feeling of agreement that certain things and actions are “good” and others are “bad”, and we apply thes e categories to every aspect of our social life—from what foods we eat and what clothes we wear to how we keep promises and which people our group will accept. In fact, society exploits our emotional reactions and attitudes, such as loyalty, morality, pride, shame, guilt, fear and greed, in order to maintain itself. It gives high rewards to individuals who perform important tasks such as surgery, makes he roes out of individuals for unusual or dangerous achievements such as flying fighter planes in a war, and uses the legal and penal (刑法的) system to make people afraid to engage in antisocial acts.1.The reason why people might not be able to stay alive in a world without emotion is that____.A.they would not be able to tell the texture of objectsB.they would not know what was beneficial anti what was harmful to themC.they would not be happy with a life without loveD.they would do things that hurt each other’sfeelings2.According to the passage, people’s learning activities are. possible because they____.A.believe that emotions are fundamental for them to stay aliveB.benefit from providing help and support to one anotherC.enjoy being rewarded for doing the right thingD.know what is vital to the progress of society3.It can be inferred from the passage that the economic foundation of society is dependent on____.A.the ability to make moneyB.the will to work for pleasureC.the capacity to enjoy incentivesD.the categorizations of our emotional experiences4.Emotions are significant for man’s survival and adaptation because____.A.they provide the means by which people view the size or shape of objectsB.they are the basis for the social feeling of agreement by which society is maintainedC.they encourage people to perform dangerous achievementsD.they generate more love than hate among people5.The emotional aspects of an object are more important than its physical aspects in that they____.A.help society exploit its members for profitB.encourage us to perform important tasksC.help to perfect the legal and penal systemD.help us adapt our behavior to the world surrounding us参考答案：B C C B D。
在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案
在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案一、听力部分本部分共有四个小节，每个小节听两遍。
第一节：听下面一段对话，回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：What is the woman planning to do tomorrow?答案：She is planning to go shopping.解析：从对话中可以听出，女士打算明天去购物。
第二节：听下面一段对话，回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：Where does the conversation take place?答案：In a restaurant.解析：从对话中可以听出，这段对话是在一个餐厅进行的。
第三节：听下面一段对话，回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：What is the woman doing this weekend?答案：She is going to visit her parents.解析：从对话中可以听出，女士计划这个周末去看望她的父母。
第四节：听下面一段对话，回答问题。
现在你有5秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：What will the man do next?答案：He will go to the bank.解析：从对话中可以听出，男士接下来要去银行。
二、阅读部分本部分共有三个小节，阅读每篇短文后回答相关问题。
第一节：阅读短文，回答问题。
现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：What is the main purpose of the text?答案：To introduce a newly-opened restaurant.解析：从短文中可以看出，文章的主要目的是介绍一家新开的餐厅。
第二节：阅读短文，回答问题。
现在你有15秒钟的时间阅读题目。
问题：What do we learn about Antonio in the text?答案：He used to live in the UK.解析：从短文中可以得知，Antonio曾经住在英国。
【经典】在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案
【经典】在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案在职申硕同等学力英语真题及答案Section 1: Reading ComprehensionRead the following passage and answer the questions below:Passage 1:There is growing concern about the impact of air pollution on human health. Air pollution is caused by a mix of chemicals, particulate matter, and biological material that can harm both human health and the environment. It is mainly released from industrial and vehicle emissions, as well as from burning fossil fuels.Question 1: What are the main sources of air pollution?Answer: The main sources of air pollution are industrial and vehicle emissions, as well as burning fossil fuels.Question 2: What can air pollution harm?Answer: Air pollution can harm both human health and the environment.Passage 2:Climate change refers to long-term shifts in temperature, rainfall patterns, and weather conditions experienced in a particular region. It is primarily caused by human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, which release greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. Climate change has significant implications for ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.Question 3: What are the primary causes of climate change?Answer: The primary causes of climate change are human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation.Question 4: What are the implications of climate change?Answer: Climate change has significant implications for ecosystems, agriculture, and human health.Section 2: Listening ComprehensionListen to the following recordings and answer the questions below:Recording 1:Speaker 1: Have you finished the report on time?Speaker 2: Yes, I completed it yesterday. I've sent it to the team for review.Question 1: When did Speaker 2 complete the report?Answer: Speaker 2 completed the report yesterday.Question 2: What did Speaker 2 do after completing the report?Answer: Speaker 2 sent it to the team for review.Recording 2:Speaker 1: I'm really stressed about the upcoming exam. I feel like I haven't studied enough.Speaker 2: Don't worry too much. You've been studying consistently and I'm sure you'll do well.Question 3: How does Speaker 1 feel about the upcoming exam?Answer: Speaker 1 feels stressed and feels like they haven't studied enough.Question 4: What does Speaker 2 say to comfort Speaker 1?Answer: Speaker 2 tells Speaker 1 not to worry too much and assures them that they have been studying consistently.Section 3: WritingWrite a short essay (approximately 500 words) on the following topic:Topic: The Impact of Technology on EducationIntroduction:Technology has revolutionized the field of education, transforming the way students learn and teachers teach. In this essay, we will explore the positive and negative impacts of technology on education.Body Paragraph 1: Positive Impacts of Technology on EducationTechnology has made education more accessible and flexible. With the internet, students can access vast amounts of information at their fingertips, allowing for self-paced learning. Online learning platforms and educational apps provide interactive and engaging content, making learning more enjoyable and effective. Additionally, technology has expanded educationalopportunities, enabling distance learning and connecting students from different parts of the world.Body Paragraph 2: Negative Impacts of Technology on EducationDespite the numerous advantages, technology also has its drawbacks. One major concern is the potential for excessive screen time, which may lead to health issues such as eye strain and decreased physical activity. The reliance on technology may also hinder interpersonal communication and social interaction skills. Moreover, the digital divide, where not all students have equal access to technology and the internet, creates disparities in educational opportunities.Conclusion:In conclusion, technology has revolutionized education, bringing numerous benefits and challenges. It is crucial to harness the positive impacts of technology while addressing its negative consequences. Educators and policymakers must strive to ensure equal access to technology and promote its responsible use to maximize its potential in enhancing education.Note: The word count for the essay is approximately 239 words. Please expand the essay according to your preferred word limit.。
在职艺术硕士(MFA)全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)
在职艺术硕士（MFA）全国联考英文阅读理解模拟试卷1(题后含答案及解析)全部题型 3. 英文阅读理解题英文阅读理解题Believe it or not, optical illusion (错觉) can cut highway crashes. Japan is a case in point. It has reduced automobile crashes on some roads by nearly 75 percent using a simple optical illusion. Bent stripes, called chevrons (人字形), painted on the roads make drivers think that they are driving faster than they really are, and thus drivers slow down. Now the American Automobile Association Foundation for Traffic Safety in Washington D.C. is planning to repeat Japan’s success. Starting next year, the foundation will paint chevrons and other patterns of stripes on selected roads around the country to test how well the patterns reduce highway crashes. Excessive speed plays a major role in as much as one fifth of all fatal traffic accidents, according to the foundation. To help reduce those accidents, the foundation will conduct its tests in areas where speed-related hazards are the greatest—curves, exit slopes, traffic circles, and bridges. Some studies suggest that straight, horizontal bars painted across roads can initially cut the average speed of drivers in half. However, traffic often returns to full speed within months as drivers become used to seeing the painted bars. Chevrons, scientists say, not only give drivers the impression that they are driving faster than they really are but also make a lane appear to be narrower. The result is a longer lasting reduction in highway speed and the number of traffic accidents. (227 words)1．The passage mainly discusses______.A．a new way of highway speed controlB．a new pattern for painting highwaysC．a new approach to training driversD．a new type of optical illusion正确答案：A解析：本题属于主旨大意题。
在职攻硕英语联考(阅读)模拟试卷90(题后含答案及解析)
在职攻硕英语联考（阅读）模拟试卷90(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. Reading ComprehensionPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes, 40 points)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each of the passages is followed by 5 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best one and mark your answer on the ANSWER SHEET with a single line through the center.Hunting was originally a means of providing food, but it has now become a sport. Though in some parts of the world there are still people who hunt wild animals to provide themselves with food, in England, hunting is as much a social activity as anything else. A great many years ago, fishermen in Japan used birds to catch fish. This art of fishing is said to be at least a thousand years old and is mentioned in Japanese plays. Today, however, fishing in this way has simply become a sport, for the fishermen are not seriously interested in catching fish. On summer nights the fishing boats set out on rivers in various parts of the country. At the front of each boat there is an iron basket in which a wood fire kept burning. As the graceful curved boats float past carried along by the current, these fires, dotted here and there, make bright patterns on the water. Steering down the river, the fishermen beat the sides of the boat to encourage the birds, and people out for an evening’s entertainment either sit or lie on the floor of the boats drinking beer and sometimes even cooking a meal for themselves over the flames of the fire. This method of fishing demands great skill, for the fisherman has to handle three or four birds in one hand. A long piece of string is tied round the neck of each bird and the fisherman must take care to keep the birds separate from each other. Every so often, the birds are set free and they fly close to the water in search of fish. The moment a bird catches a fish in its beak, it is pulled back on to the boat. The string is held tightly round the bird’s throat to prevent it from swallowing the fish it has caught. When there do not seem to be many fish in the river, the fishermen can sometimes be seen secretly throwing dead fish into the water for the birds to catch. No one really objects to this practice, as it is all part of this unusual sport.Questions:1．What was the original purpose of hunting?A．To catch the wild animals.B．To catch the birds.C．To catch the fish.D．To provide food.正确答案：D解析：第1题问狩猎的最初目的是什么。
在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案一
在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案一The significance of trust is that it allows the parties involved in the relationship to indicate how they feel, what they behave, and where they disagree without fear of contradiction or reprisal(报复). Trusting relationship encourage people to disclose their plans and perceptions without hurting them selves or others. Hurt, whether real or imagined, is one of the most harmful consequences of personal relationships with other human beings. In situations which you feel that the other person has the power and intent to hurt you, trust diminishes quickly. Thus a climate of distrust appears in your relations with others. Conversely, if I can say whatever comes to my mind without getting hurt, a climate of trust pervades the relationship. Trust is a perceptual phenomenon that evolves from our experiences with others. If trusting were so easy, we would not need to make such a point of its importance in human relationships. To say thata person should trust others is to diminish the difficulty of producing trust. In mutual relationships, both parties must be have toward one another in trusting ways. Even though it hurts in the pit of the stomach(心窝), you must trust the other person and encourage him or her to say those things that demand a trusting response. No one likes to get hurt and few like to hurt others, especially not those others who are close to us in person-to-person relationships. We avoid expressing our true feelings lest we become the target of a revenging attack from the other person. If I indicate that I do not appreciate having you smoke in my car, I may love you as a friend or I may become the subject of ridicule for allowing little things like that to bother me. If that happens, I will be less open and less trusting of you the next time.1. The significance of trues lies in the fact that _____.[A] trust is not easy to reach between human beings[B] trust allows people to say whatever comes to their minds[C] one likes to get hurt[D] few like to trust others2. What will not happen if a person feeds he will be hurt by the other?[A] Trust diminishes quickly.[B] He will disclose his plans and perceptions.[C] A climate of distrust pervades the relationship?[D] One of the most harmful consequences of personal relationships with others appear.3. Trust is a phenomenon that _____.[A] results from our expericences with others[B] comes from our perceptions[C] may trust in the pit of the stomach[D] none of the above4. People avoid expressing their true feelings because _____.[A] they become the target of revenging attack from others[B] they are not so open and trusting others[C] they do not want to become the target of revenging attack from others[D] they do not want to lose friends5. Implied but not stated _____.[A] People usually do not like to trust those who are close to us[B] People will usually get reprisal or ridicule for their trust[C] If trust has been established,it will never disappear[D] The negative response will usually result in the diminishing of trusting between personsCigarette smoking is believed by most research workers in this field to be an important factor in the development of cancer of the lungs and the throat and is believed to be related to cancer of the bladder(膀胱) and the oral cavity(口腔). Male cigarette smokers have a higher death rate from heart disease than non-smoking males.Female smokers are thought to be less affected be cause they do not breathe in the smoke so deeply. The majority of physicians and researchers consider these relationships proved to their satisfaction and say. “Give up smoking. If you don’t smoke, don’t start”. Some competent physicians and researchworkers - though their small number is dwindling(减小) even further-are less sure of the effect of cigarette smoking on health. They consider the increase in respiratory (呼吸的) diseases and various forms of cancer may possibly be explained by other factors in the complex human environment - atmospheric pollution, increased nervous stress, chemical substances in processed food, or Chemical pesticides that are now being used by farmers in vast Quantities to destroy insects and small animals. Smokers who develop cancer or lung diseases, they say, may also, by coincidence, live in industrial areas, or eat more canned food. Gradually, however, research is isolating all other possible factors and proving them to be statistically irrelevant. While all tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health, cigarette smoking appears to have a much greater effect than cigar or pipe smoking. However, nicotine(尼古丁)consumption is not diminished by the latter forms, and current research Indicates relationship between all forms of smoking and cancer of the mouth and throat. Filters and low tar(焦油) tobacco are claimed to made smoking to some extentsafer, but they can only marginally reduce ,not eliminate, the hazards.1. Male smoking are more affected by smoking than female ones because _____.[A] Male smokers smoke more than female ones[B] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by smoking[C] Male smokers breath in the smoke deeper than female ones[D] Male smokers are more likely to be affected by other factors in hormone environment2. According to the passage,cigarette can do harm to all the following EXCEPT _____.[A] lung[B] mouth[C] heart[D] eye3. The author’s attitude towards smoking is _____.[A] critical[B] approving[C] questioning[D] subjective4. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A] More and more research work believe the effect of cigarette smoking on health.[B] Filters and low tar tobacco can not get rid of the hazard.[C] Cigarette smiking has a greater effect on health than.[D] All forms of tobacco smoking affects life expectancy and health.5. The authors purpose of writing the passage is to _____.[A] offer advice on how to give up smoking[B] explain the influence of cigarette smoking on health[C] list the factors that can cause cancer[D] compare the opinions on the effect of smoking参考答案：C D A C B The Poetry of Gwendolyn Brooks has been praised for deepening the significance of personal and social experiences so that these experiences become universal in their implication. She has also been praised for her “sense of form, whichis basic and remarkable.” Many of her poems are concerned with a Black community named Bronzeville, on the south side of Chicago. Her literary skill makes Bronzeville more than just a place on a map. This community, like all important literary places (Robinson’s Tibury Town and Masters’ Spoon River, for example), becomes a testing ground of personality, a place where the raw material of experience is shaped by imagination and where the joys and trials of being human are both sung and judged. The qualities for which Brooks’s poetry is led are (as one critic has pointed out) “boldness, invention, a daring to experiment, and a naturalness that does not scorn literature but absorbs it.”Her love for poetry began early. At the age of seven. she “began to put rhymes together,” and when she was thirteen, one of her poems was published in a children’s magazine. During her teens she contributed more than seventy-five poems to a Chicago newspaper. In 1941 she began to attend a class in writing poetry at the South Side Community Art Center, and several years later, her poems began to appear in Poetry andother magazines. He first collection of poems, A Street in Bronzeville, was published in 1945. Four years later, Annie Allen, her second collection of poems, appeared. In 1950 Annie Allen was awarded a Pulitzer prize for poetry. A novel, Maud Martha, about a young black girl growing up in Chicago, published in 1953, was praised for its warmth and insights. In 1963 her selected Poems appeared.1. The main subject of the passage is Gwendolyn Brooks’s _____.[A] personal background[B] hometown[C] literary achievements[D] childhood2. Why does the author mention Tibury Town and Spoon River?[A] To give credit to tow great writers.[B] To provide examples of important literary places.[C] To suggest similarities between Brooks’s style and that of other writers.[D] To encourage the reader to read Robinson andMasters.3. The author uses quotations in the first paragraph primarily to _____.[A] help emphasize the significance of Brooks’s poetry[B] introduce biographical information about Brooks[C] present opposing points of view about Brooks’s work[D] state little-known facts about Brooks’s novel4. According to the passage, Brooks’s poetry was first published when she was _____.[A] seven years old[B] attending a class in writing[C] in her teens[D] an established novelist5. Her novel was praised because _____.[A] she wrote something about the Black people[B] she had a good personality[C] her works were shaped by imagination[D] she had promoted social and personalexperiences参考答案：C B A C D The agricultural revolution in the nineteenth century involved two things the invention of labor-saving machinery and the development of scientific agriculture. labor-saving machinery naturally appeared first where labor was scarce. “In Europe”, said Thomas Jefferson, “the object is to make the most of their land, labor being abundant; here it is to make the most of our labor, lard being abundant”. It was in America, there fore, that the great advances in nineteenth-century agricultural machinery first Came. At the opening of the century, with the exception of a crude plow, farmers could have carried practically all of the existing agricultural implements on their backs: by 1860, most of the machinery in use today had been designed in an early form. The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow. As early as 1990 Charles Newbold of New Jersey had been working on the idea of a cast-iron plow and spent his entire fortune in introducing his invention. The farmers, however, would home none of it, claiming that the iron poisoned the soil and made theweeds grow. Nevertheless many people devoted their attention to the plow, until in 1869, James Oliver of South Bend, Indiana, turned out the first chilled-steel plow.1. The word “here” (para 1,line 4) refers to _____.[A] Europe[B] America[C] New Jersey[D] Indiana2. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE?[A] The reed for labor helped the invention of machinery in America.[B] The farmer rejected Charles Newbold’s plow for fear of ruin of their field.[C] Both Euorpe and America had great need of farm machinery.[D] It was in Indiana that the firstchilled-steel plow was produced.3. The passage is mainly about _____.[A] the agricultural revolution[B] the invention of labor-saving machinery[C] the development of scientific agriculture[D] the farming machinery in America4. At the opening of thenineteenth-century,farmers in America _____.[A] preferred light tools[B] were extremely self-reliant[C] had many portable tools[D] had very few tools5. Implied but not stated _____.[A] There was a shortage of workers on American farms.[B] The most important of the early inventions was the iron plow.[C] After 1869,many people devoted their attention to the plow.[D] Charles Newbolt had made a furtune by his cast-iron plow参考答案：B C B D A。
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
在职申硕(同等学力)英语真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)在职申硕（同等学力）英语真题试卷（题后含答案及解析）一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
Passage 1Scientists are learning more about the effects of stress on our bodies. Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.Stressful experiences---such as mental illness in a family, unemployment, poverty, or abuse---continue to affect our health and well-being far longer than the actual event. This is becoming a major concern for public health professionals.Researchers at the University of California discovered that childhood stress could permanently affect a person’s DNA. They found that kids who went through traumatic (创伤性的) experiences at a young age had shorter telomeres（端粒）than tho se who hadn’t. Telomeres are the protective tips at the end of our DNA, and shorter telomeres are linked to a variety of health problems. The researchers concluded that early childhood trauma has a lasting impact on our overall health.In another study, scientists in Sweden measured the stress levels of 17,000 adults, and then tracked them for 11 years. The results showed that the most stressed-out participants had a 45% higher risk of developing heart disease. The study also revealed that those with stressful jobs were more likely to take sick leave due to heart problems.Furthermore, researchers in New Zealand found that children who suffered ongoing stress before the age of 15 had a higher chance of developing asthma later in life. This finding suggests that reducing stress in early childhood could have long-term health benefits.Overall, these studies emphasize the need for stress reduction strategies and interventions, particularly in high-risk populations. Whether through therapy, meditation(冥想), or lifestyle changes, it is essential that we find healthy ways to manage and cope with stress to protect our long-term health.1. According to the passage, long-term stress may lead to _______.A. mental illnessB. shorter telomeresC. unemploymentD. poverty答案：B解析：根据第一段中的“Long-term stress may increase the risk of obesity(肥胖), heart disease, and even asthma, according to new research.”可知，长期的压力可能会增加肥胖、心脏病甚至哮喘的风险，选项B中的“shorter telomeres”（更短的端粒）对应文章中提到的短端粒与健康问题有关。
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在职硕士英语阅读理解练习和答案The United States is a country made up of many different races. Usually they are mixed together and can’t be told from one another. But many of them still talk about where their ancestors came from. It is something they are proud of.The original Americans, of course were the Indians. The so- called white men who then came were mostly from England. But many came from other countries like Germany and France.One problem the United States has always had is discrimination. As new groups came to the United States they found they were discriminated against. First it was the Irish and Italians. Later it was the blacks. Almost every group has been able to finally escape this discrimination. The only immigrants who have not are the blacks. Surprisingly enough the worst discrimination today is shown towards the Indians.One reason the Indians are discriminated againstis that they have tried so hard to keep their identity. Of course they are not the only ones who have done so. The Japanese have their Little Tokyo in Los Angeles and the Chinese a Chinatown in New York. The Dutch settlement in Pennsylvania also stays separate from other people. Their towns are like something from the 19th century. They have a different reason from the other groups for staying separately. They live separately for religious reasons rather than keep together in a racial group.Although some groups have kept themselves separate and others have been discriminated against, all groups have helped make the United States a great county. There is no group that has not helped in some way. And there is no group that can say they have done the most to make it a great country.Many people still come from other countries to help the United States grow. A good example is the American project that let a man walk on the moon. It was a scientist from Germany who was most responsible for doing that. It is certain that in the future the United States will still need the help of people from allracial groups to remain a great country.1. Which of the following statements can best describe the main idea of this passage?A. The United States is a country made up of many different races.B. Discrimination is the most serious problem in the United States.C. All races in the United States have helped make the country a great one.D. The prosperity of the United States is mainly due to the hard work of the most discriminated races.2. In the first paragraph the word “told” means_________.A. separatedB. distinguishedC. revealedD. made known3. This passage implies that discrimination is a problem which .A. many races in the United States have experiencedB. will still be very serious in the United States in the futureC. has already been solved in the United StatesD. is strongly opposed by many different races in the United States4. The main reason why the Indians are most discriminated against is that .A. they have tried hard to keep their religionsB. they have tried hard to live together to keep their Indian customsC. they are the only ones who have tried to keep their identityD. they discriminate many other races5. The Dutch live separately in Pennsylvania .A. to escape discriminationB. to keep together in a racial groupC. to enjoy themselves in their own townsD. for religious reasons参考答案：CBABDSilicon Valley is a magnet to which numerous talented engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs from overseas flock to in search of fame, fast money and to participate in a technological revolution whose impact on mankind will surely surpass the epoch-making European Renaissance and IndustrialRevolution of the bygone age.With the rapid spread of the Internet and the relentless technological innovations generated through it, the information era is truly upon us, profoundly influencing and changing not only our lifestyle, but also the way we work, do business, think and communicate with others.It is noteworthy that close to 50% of its skilled manpower, including engineers, scientists and entrepreneurs, come from Asia. Prominent among them are Indians and Chinese, and not a few Singaporeans.Intellectual challenges aside, it is a common practice for start-ups to offer generous share options to employees in order to attract the right talent into their folds. This is a powerful incentive to motivate the staff to do their utmost and to share in the company’s prosperity if it reaches its goal. Many regard this as the foundation of a successful enterprise.（184 words）1. Why is Silicon Valley compared with a magnet? BecauseA. it is very famous.B. it attracted numerous talented people.C. numerous talented people flock to it.D. its impact will surpass European Renaissance and Industrial Revolution.2. What does “it” in 2nd paragraph refer to?A. the InternetB. the rapid spread of the InternetC. the information eraD. our lifestyle3. What does “its” in 2nd paragraph mean??A. Silicon Valley’sB. the Internet’sC. Asia’sD. America’s4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the common practice for start-ups?A. Intellectual challenges.B. Generous share options.C. Sharing in the company’s prosperity.D. A successful enterprise.5. The main idea of the passage isA. Silicon Valley’s successB. the information era upon usC. Intellectual challengesD. practice of successful enterprise参考答案：BAADA To paraphrase 18th-century statesman Edmund Burke, “all that is needed for the triumph of a misguided cause is that good people do nothing.” One such cause now seeks to end biomedical research because of the theory that animals have rights ruling out their use in research. Scientists need to respond forcefully to animal rights advocates, whose arguments are confusing the public and thereby threatening advances in health knowledge and care. Leaders of the animal rights movement target biomedical research because it depends on public funding, and few people understand the process of health care research. Hearing allegations of cruelty to animals in research settings, many are perplexed that anyone would deliberately harm an animal.For example, a grandmotherly woman staffing an animal rights booth at a recent street fair was distributing a brochure that encouraged readers not to use anything that opposed immunizations, she wanted toknow if vaccines come from animal research. When assured that they do, she replied, “Then 1 would have to say yes.” Asked what will happen when epidemics re turn, she said, “Don’t worry, scientists will find some way of using computers.” Such well-meaning people just don’t understand.Scientists must communicate their message to the public in a compassionate, understandable wayin human terms, not in the language of molecular biology. We need to make clear the connection between animal research and a grandmother’s hip replacement, a father’s bypass operation, a baby’s vaccinations, and even a pet’s shots. To those who are unaware that animal research was needed to produce these treatments, as well as new treatments and vaccines, animal research seems wasteful at best and cruel at worst.Much can be done. Scientists could “adopt” middle school classes and present their own research. They should be quick to respond to letters to the editor, lest animal rights misinformation go unchallenged and acquire a deceptive appearance of truth. Research institutions could be opened to tours, to show thatlaboratory animals receive humane care.Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. If good people do nothing there is a real possibility that an uninformed citizenry will extinguish the precious embers of medical progress.1. The author begins his article with Edmund Burke’s words to .A. call on scientists to take some actionsB. criticize the misguided cause of animal rightsC. warn of the doom of biomedical researchD. show the triumph of the animal rights movement2. Misled people tend to think that using an animal in research is .A. cruel but naturalB. inhuman and unacceptableC. inevitable but viciousD. pointless and wasteful3. The example of the grandmotherly woman is used to show the public’s .A. discontent with animal researchB. ignorance about medical scienceC. indifference to epidemicsD. anxiety about animal rights4. The author believes that, in face of the challenge from animal rights advocates, scientists should .A. communicate more with the publicB. employ hi-tech means in researchC. feel no shame for their causeD. strive to develop new cures5. From the text we learn that Stephen Cooper is -A. a well-known humanistB. a medical practitionerC. an enthusiast in animal rightsD. a supporter of animal research参考答案：ABBADA great deal of attention is being paid today to the so called digital divide-the division of the world into the info(information) rich and theinfo poor. And that divide does exist today. My wife and I lectured about this looming danger twenty years ago. What was less visible then, however, were the new, positive forces that work against the digital divide. There are reasons to be optimistic. There are technological reasons to hope the digital divide will narrow. As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business to universalize access-after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are. More and more governments, afraid their countries will be left behind, want to spread Internet access. Within the next decade or two, one to two billion people on the planet will be netted together. As a result, I now believe the digital divide will narrow rather than widen in the years ahead. And that is very good news because the Internet may well be the most powerful tool for combating world poverty that we’ve ever had. Of course, the use of the Internet isn’t the only way to defeat poverty. And the Internet is not the only tool we have. But it has enormous potential. To take advantage of this tool, some impoverished countrieswill have to get over their outdated anti-colonial prejudices with respect to foreign investment. Countries that still think foreign investment is an invasion of their sovereignty might well study the history of infrastructure (the basic structural foundations of a society) in the United States. When the United States built its industrial infrastructure, it didn’t have the capital to do so. And that is why America’s Second Wave infrastructure-including roads, harbors, highways, ports and so on-were built with foreign investment. The English, the Germans, the Dutch and the French were investing in Britain’s former colony. They financed them. Immigrant Americans built them. Guess who owns them now? The Americans. I believe the same thing would be true in places like Brazil or anywhere else for that matter. The more foreign capital you have helping you build your Third Wave infrastructure, which today is an electronic infrastructure, the better off you’re going to be. That doesn’t mean lying down and becoming fooled, or letting foreign corporations run uncontrolled. But it does mean recognizing how important they can be inbuilding the energy and telecom infrastructures needed to take full advantage of the Internet.1．Digital divide is something _________.A．getting worse because of the Internet B．the rich countries are responsible for C．the world must guard against D．considered positive today 2．Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _________. A．offers economic potentials B．can bring foreign funds C．can soon wipe out world poverty D．connects people all over the world 3．The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify the policy of _________. A．providing financial support overseas B．preventing foreign capital’s controlC．building industrial infrastructure D．accepting foreign investment 4．It seems that now a country’s economy depends much on _________.A．how well developed it is electronically B．whether it is prejudiced against immigrants C．whether it adopts America’s indus trial pattern D．how much control it has over foreign corporations 参考答案：C A D A。