宾补说明和练习题

高一M3语法——宾补

ⅠObject Complement (verb + object + complement)

One mad action is not enough to prove a man mad.

Everyone supposes him (to be) poor, but he’s really quite wealthy.

Then he declared the meeting open.

I cut him short in the middle of his explanation. (打断)

The pain nearly drove him mad/crazy. /The noise sent him crazy.

elect/make/choose/appoint/name/judge/keep

Some experts called the storm a disaster.

这类句子常可用于被动结构：be called sth; be chosen (to be) …

1. 这类动词后有时可用it作形式上宾语，而把真正宾语放到补语后面去：

feel it his duty to do sth, make it a rule to do sth, think it our duty to do sth, feel it a great honor to do sth

2. 表示独一无二的职位头衔的名词作宾语补足语时，其前通常用零冠词

eg; In 1864 people made Lincoln president of the United States for the second time.

在这类句子中介词短语作宾语的补语（而不是作状语），许多动词后可跟这类结构：kept him in bed; put its affairs in order; leave you in my charge; let my mind at rest.（使我放心）;find her in tears. place me in a very difficult position, take all this for granted(想当然), get/bring/keep the fire under control; put sth under protection; make himself of more importance in the business

这类句子也可用于被动结构：

The things should be kept in good order.

The forest fire was finally brought under control.

He was left in charge of the house while his parents were on vacation.

有一些动词后可跟这种复合宾语

have sb in; find sb in, get sth down, declare the meeting over, leave the light on

1. + to do

有大量动词可跟这种复合宾语，如：advice, allow, ask, beg, cause, command, educate, enable, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, instruct, invite, lead, order, permit, press, persuade, remind, request, require, recommend, sign, teach, tell, train, urge, want, warn, wish

2. + to be

这些动词常见有think, suppose, imagine, judge, declare, prove, discover, report, consider etc. eg. They thought him to be a wealthy man.

Everyone reported him to be the best man for the job.

3. + to have done

有时可用不定式的完成式或进行形式如be considered/ believed/ thought/ supposed / known / said / reported to be/to be doing/to have done sth. 注：这类句子常用在被动结构中

eg. They believed the novel to have been written in 1905.

4. 疑问词+to do

不定式前有时有一个连接副（代）词, 即：疑问词+不定式：know, advise, teach, show,

5.有些动词后的宾补不定式不带to如make, let, have, notice, feel, listen to, hear, look at, see, observe, watch, notice 。

注意：①被动式中要带to, be made to do sth, be heard to do sth。

②have和let本身没有被动语态，have sth done; let sth be done

6. 某些习语后可跟这类复合宾语：depend on/rely on/count on sb to do sth(指望); long for sb to do sth(渴望), call on sb to do sth. (号召)

有些动词后面带有现在分词的复合宾语：感官动词look at, see, listen to, hear, smell, observe, watch, find, feel, catch, have, keep, get etc.

get sb/sth doing sth使……开始做某事,

catch sb doing sth 当场抓住某人做某事,

have sb/sth doing sth 让……一直做某事)

这种句子有时也可用于被动结构：be heard doing sth; be caught doing sth

（see, hear, notice, watch, keep, find, feel, have, make oneself…, get）

To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as we can.

She said goodbye with tears in her eyes.

He often sleeps with the windows open.