2020年2月20日雅思阅读机经预测
2023年雅思阅读机经类7
和古代奴隶小孩旳例子。
英文原文阅读Mistakes Improve Children's LearningEveryone makes mistakes and children are no exception. What's important is how we learn from them. Yet, children grow up in a society that pressures them to be perfect and intelligent - to achieve the highest SAT scores, land prized scholarships, and get into the best universities. Parents reinforce this pressure at home when they cover up children's mistakes, correct homework to improve grades, or drill knowledge into kids until they get it right. Stress is increased when children are constantly praised for their intelligence. How does this focus on perfection and IQ affect learning? And how can we help children and teens believe in themselves by accepting their mistakes and learning from them?A recent Scientific American article, Getting it Wrong: Surprising Tips on How to Learn,supports a number of learning and developmental theories. Historically, many educators have created conditions for learning that do not encourage errors. And parents have followed suit. For example, if we drill children over and over again with the same math problem, they will eventually remember the answer. And if they are lucky, they will remember the answer on a standardized test.This approach to learning assumes that if students are allowed to make mistakes, they will not learn the correct information. However, recent research shows this to be an incorrect assumption. In fact, studies have found that learning is enhanced when children make mistakes!Whether it involves homework, developing friendships, or playing soccer, learning is enriched through error. Making mistakes is part of how kids are challenged to learn to do things differently. It motivates them to try new approaches.Carol Dweck, a professor at Stanford University, studies the importance of challenging children, even if they get things wrong. Her research shows that praising children for their intelligence can actually make them less likely to persist in the face of challenge. She and her colleagues followed hundreds of 5th grade children in New York City schools. One group was praised for their intelligence while the other group was praised for their effort.When the 5th graders were challenged with an extremely difficult test designed for 8th graders, a surprising result occurred. The students who had been praised for their effort worked very hard, even though they made a lot of mistakes. The kids praised for being smart became discouraged and saw their mistakes as a sign of failure. Intelligence testing for the kids praised for their effort increased by 30% while the kids praised for their intelligence dropped by 20%.。
2020年2月20日雅思听力机经预测
2020年2月20日雅思听力机经预测听力预测：有鉴于当前雅思听力考情特点,要全面迅速提升听力并取得好成绩,必须要同时做好三方面的复习准备.即采取三手同时实行的原则：1.背下面预测中的听力机经版本号对应的内容.2.过关IPN资料里面的听力高频考点拼写词。
3.听透剑桥5-10(时间不够的就7-10),精听出每一句话,大声跟读复叙听力原文.最新提醒1：2020-2020年以来的雅思旧题更多,考官越来越懒,听力旧题目经常连着考同一个号的S1,S2,S3,S4,持续出现四旧,三旧的局面(比如2020年1月23日,1月9日,2020年11月19日,11月14日,11月7日,9月19日，3月12日听力四部分全部旧题目;12月12日，12月5日,11月21日,9月3日,8月29日,8月1日，7月11日,6月27日,6月6日,4月11日,3月14日听力三部分旧题,1月31日听力三部分旧题，2020年4月24日听力四个部分全部都是四旧，4月5日，2月13日,2月15日,1月25日,1月11日都是同一个号的S1,S2,S3,S4,全部四旧，都在IPN资料里面)，听力考过的旧题还会再考最新提醒II： V12****, V13****版本号的听力很重要,请大家引起充足的重视!冲刺时间不足的同学只需看V13***， V12****最前面20个号最重点V130406S2S3S4 V130413S1S2S3V130418S1S2S3S4 V130428S1S2S3S4 V130511S1S2S3S4V130516S1S2S3S4 V130518S1S3S4 V130525S1S2S3V130606S1S3S4 V130608S1S2S3S4 V130615S1S2S3S4V130622S1S3S4 V130706S1S2S3S4 V130713S1S2S3S4V131010S1S2S3S4 V131012S1S2S3S4 V131019S1S2S3S4V131026S1S2S3S4 V131010S1V130105S1S2S3S4 V130110S1S2S3S4 V130112S1S2V130119S1S2S3S4 V1302S1S2S3S4 V130214S1S2S3S4 V130216S1S2S3S4 V130223S1S2S4 V130302S2S3S4 V130309S1S2S3S4 V130314S2S3S4V130323S1S2S3S4V131109S1S2S3S4 V131116S1S2S3S4V131121S1S2S3S4 V131130S1S2S3S4V130817S1S2S3S4 V130824S1S3 V130829S1S2S3S4V121011S2S3S4 V121013S1S2S3S4 V121020S1S2S3S4V121027S1S2S3S4 V121103S2S3S4 V121108S1S2S4V121117S1S2S3S4V121124S1S2 V120809S1S2S4 V120811S1S2S3S4 V120825S1S3S4V120901S1S2S3 V120906S1S2S3S4 V120915S2S3S4V120922S1S2S3S4V130907S1S2S3S4 V130912S1S2S3 V130921S1S2S3S4V130907S1 V130718S1S2S3S4 V130803S1S2S3S4V121201S1S2S3S4 V121206S1S2S3S4 V121208S1S2S3S4V121215S1S2S3S4 V120207S1S4 V120202S2S3S4 V120204S1S2S4V120204S2S3 V120209S1S2S3 V120218S1S2S3S4 V120308S1S3V120310S1S2S3S4 V120317S3 V120331S1S2V120412S1S2S4 V120414S2S4 V120421S1S2S3 V120428S4V120510S1S2S3 V120512S1S3S4 V120526S1S2S3S4 V120721S1S3S4 V120728S1S3S4 V120804S1S2S3V120609S1S2S3S4 V120614S1S2S3 V120616S2S4V120630S1S2S3 V120707S1S2S4 V120712S2S3S4一般重点V110108S1;V110115S2S3;V110122S1;V110127S1S2;V110212S2S3;V110217S2;V110305S1S3;V110310S1;V110312S2S3;V1103 19S1S3;V110402S1S2;V110416S1;V110428S2S3;V110430S3S4,V110507S1S2S3,V110514S1S2S4,V110519S1S2S3S4,V110528S1S2S3S4, V110903S1S2S3 V110915S1S2S3 V110917S1S2S4 V110924S1S2S3S4V111008S1S2S3S4 V111020S1S4 V111022S2S3S4 V111029S2S4V111105S1 V111117S1S2S4 V111119S2S3S4 V111126S2S4V111203S1S2S3S4 V111217S1S2S4V110604S1S2S3S4,V110611S2S3S4,V110623S1S2,V110625S1S2S3S4, V110709S3;V110716S2S4;V110728S2S3;V110730S1S3S4V110813S1S3,V110820S2S3S4,V110825S1S2S3S4,V110827S1S2V101030S2S3 V101104S1S2S3S4 V101106S1S2V101009S2 V101014S1S2S4 V101023S1S2S3V101120S1S2 V101127S2S4 V101204S2S3S4V101211S2S3S4 V101216S1S3 V101218S1V100130S3;V100206S4;V100211S3,S4;V100220S1,S3;V100109s3,V100114s2,V100123S3;V100227S1S2S4;V100306S4V100318S1S4;V100320S2S3;V100327S3;V100805S4;V100814S3S4V100821S1S4;V100828S1S2S3;V1000904S2S3S4;V100911S1S2S3V100916S1S2S3S4;V100925S1S2S3;V100710S1S2S3;V100715S1S3;V100717S2S4;V100731S1S2S4;V100410S1S3;V100415S4;V100417S1S2;V100424S1S2S4;V100508S1S2;V100515S1S2S3;V100520S2S4;V100529S1S3;V10 0617S1S3S4;V100619S1S2S3S4;V100626S3S4V09120S1S2S3S4;V09130S4;V09135S1;V09138S1S3S4;V09142S3S4;V09148S2;V09101S2;V09102S3;V09103S4;V09104S2;V09106S2S4;V09107S2S4;V09108S4;V09109S1S4;V09110S1S3;V09111S1S3S4;V09112S1S3;V09113S2S4;V09114S1S3; V09115S1S3; 09136S3S4, V09137S1S2S4,V09140S2S3S4, V09141S4,V09144S2,V09145S3,V09147S2,V09121S2S3S4,V09122s3S4,V09126S3,V 09128s2,V090207S3,V090212S3,V09124S2S3;V09125S3S4, V09129S1S2，V09132S1S4, V09133S1S2S4, V09133S3;V130928S1S2S3S4 V130727S1S2S3S4有时间看看V08145S1S2 ,V08147S2 ，V08120S1s2s4 ; V08125S3S4;V08129S1S4 ; V08130S4 ;V08131S4;V08134S4;V08135S1;V08137S4;V08138S1;V08140S2S3S4;V08 124S2; V08136 S2;V08143S2; V08147S3; V08101S2, 08417S1;V08114S2; V08116S3; V08133S2S4;V08141S1;V08143S1S3;V07109S2,V07111S2,V07112S1S2S3S4,V07114S1S3S4,V07102S1S2S3S4 V07104s2s3s4,V07107s1s3s4 ,V07102s1=V30032S1;V07107s2;V07111S 1S4;V07114S2;V07118S2;V07137S1;V07141s2;V07143s1;V07147s1; V070310s4 ;V070707s2;V070714s1;V07102S1S2S3S4 V07104s2s3s4 V07107s1s3V08101S1,V08106S2,V08107S2,V08108S4,V08109S1S4V08114S4,V08115S2,V08116S1,V30018s1;V30019s1;V30020s4;V30032s 1;V30034s4;V30036s1,s3;V30037s3;V30038s3;V30039s1;V30040s2;V300 41s2;V30043s4;V30045s1,s4;V30058s1,s3;V30064s1,s3;V30049s3;V30060s 1,s4;V30061s1,s2;V30062s3;V30078s1,s2;V30081s3;V30083s4;V3004 4S2,V30062S2,V30081S2S4,V30086S3,V06141s1;v06121S1 ;V06110S2,V06114S2V30072S4;V30074S1,S3,S4;V30076S4;V30080S2;S3;V30081S2,S4; V30085S2;V30090S2,S4;V30049S1,S2;V30059S4;V30062S2;V30018S2,S 4; V30020S2S3;V30020S2S3;V30033S3,S4;V30034S1; V30038S1,S2;V30044S2V50106s1;V50126s2;V50233s2;V50101s1;V50112s4;V50130s2,s3;V501 33s2;V50134s4;V50147s2; V50121S4V40101s1s2s3,V40102s1,V40103s2,V40106s1s2,zV40109s1s2,V40112s1s2s4,V40116s2,V40121s2,V40213s4，v21S1,S2,S3;V26S1,S3;v37S2,S3,S4;v41S1,S2,S4;v66S1,S2,v67S1,S2,S4。
2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测
2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测雅思阅读考试之前我们重点练习哪些题型呢?今天小编为大家准备了2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测内容，希望各位考生能结合有效的机经练习，熟悉考试题型，重点复习高频场景知识。
以下是小编为大家准备的2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测内容，一起来看看吧!2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测1文章题目The history of Russian Ballet重复年份20160114 20150418 20121124题材发展史题型判断 6+填空 7文章大意芭蕾舞发源于意大利，从 17 世纪后传入俄国后一直欣欣向荣。
出了很多优秀的艺术家和作品，外国舞派也对俄国芭蕾舞发展有着影响。
后期以戏剧味发展主流，一直讲到本世纪70 年代的发展。
参考阅读：Until 1689, ballet in Russia was nonexistent. The Tsarist control and isolationism in Russia allowed for little influence from the West. It wasn't until the rise of Peter the Great that Russian society opened up to the West. St. Petersburg was erected to embrace the West and compete against Moscow’s isolationism. Peter the Great created a new Russia which rivaled the society of the West with magnificent courts and palaces. His vision was to challenge the west. Classical ballet entered the realm of Russia not as entertainment, but as a “standard of physical comportment to be emulated and internalized-an idealized way of behaving. The aim was not to entertain the masses of Russians, but to create a cultivated and new Russian people.Empress Anna, (1730 –1740) was devoted to ostentatious amusements (balls, fireworks, tableaux), and in the summer of1734 ordered the appointment of Jean-Baptiste Landé as dancing-master in the military academy she had founded in 1731 for sons of the nobility. In 1738, he became ballet master and head of the new ballet school, launching the advanced study of ballet in Russia, and winning the patronage of elite families.France provided many leaders such as Charles Didelot in St Petersburg (1801-1831), Jules Perrot(1848-1859) and Arthur Saint-Léon (1859-69).In the early 19th century, the theaters were opened up to anyone who could afford a ticket. A seating section called a rayok, or 'paradise gallery', consisted of simple wooden benches. This allowed non-wealthy people access to the ballet, because tickets in this section were inexpensive.One author describes the Imper ial ballet as “unlike that of any other country in the world…the most prestigious of the ballet troupes were those attached to the state-supported theatres. The directors of these companies were personally appointed by the tsar, and all the dancers were, in a sense, Imperial servants. In the theatre, the men in the audience always remained standing until the tsar entered his box and, out of respect, after the performance they remained in their places until he had departed. Curtain calls were arranged according to a strict pattern: first, the ballerina bowed to the tsar’s box, then to that of the theater director, and finally to the general public.2020年1月11日雅思阅读机经预测2文章题目Aquaculture in New Zealand重复年份20160114 20151031 20121124 20110212题材农业题型小标题 7+人名理论配对 3+句子填空 3文章大意新西兰水产养殖，介绍了新西兰一种新型保护海底动物多样性兼顾商业运作的方式一aquaculture , 其发展遇到的问题及前景。
2020年3月31日雅思阅读机经预测(大范围)
2020年3月31日雅思阅读机经预测(大范围)阅读想取得好成绩,同时做好两方面的复习准备，即采取两手同时实行的原则：1.背IPN资料阅读预测对应的内容：我们的IPN阅读机经是配套我们最新预测，紧跟考情的。
阅读预测机经是阅读考试真题回忆，是可能考到的题目场景，答案和单词。
阅读预测机经的作用：熟悉背景, 背诵答案，记忆单词。
阅读基本上每次考试平均是一半以上旧题，剑桥系列的阅读是拿来练习用的，考试一般不会再考，而IPN阅读机经才是考试内容和范围2.剑桥6，7，8,9,10阅读文章做完后，每天精读熟读透一篇、弄懂每个单词和句子,并记忆,能够借助剑桥解析的中文翻译和生词句子注解，并摘取好词句,背诵默写。
最重点：第一篇： The Lost City(失落的城市)、第二篇：乐观与健康、第三篇：从众现象Conformity、第四篇奥运火炬的发展、第五篇：澳洲能源、第六篇：英国海岸线、第七篇：蝴蝶的保护色、第八篇：短信投票、第九篇：地图发展史、第十篇：火星探险、第十一篇：快乐成因、第十二篇：苏梅克9号慧星、第十三篇：生态旅游、第十四篇：过山车、第十五篇：失落城市、第十六篇：新手与专家、第十七篇：性格与人际关系、第十八篇：沙丘、第十九篇：意大利的虐疾、第二十篇：指纹识名画;第二十一篇：郁金香; 第二十二篇：古苏格兰乌鸦造窝工具、第二十三篇：捕捉蚂蚁;第二十四篇：鳄鱼一般重点：第一篇：沙漠温室 Rainmaker第二篇：健脑药、第三篇生物钟、第四篇纹身、第五篇儿童的智商、第六篇：英国人对准确拼写的态度、第七篇：Rainmaker、第八篇：修建古堡、第九篇：龙涎香与琥珀、第十篇：噪音的影响、第十一篇：天赋与练习，第十二篇：某种松树、第十三篇：美国手语、第十四篇：左右手成因;第十五篇：鸟类的智慧、第十六篇：学术道德、第十七篇：海洋发电、第十八篇：打火石的大量生产、第十九篇：加州森林防火、第二十篇：自然节奏、第第二十一篇：挽救鱼鹰、第二十二篇：霸王龙的最新研究、第二十三篇：What cookbooks really teach us、第二十四篇：Power and Space、第二十五篇：清洁海滩、第二十六篇：法国古堡、第二十七篇：录音发展史、第二十八篇：肥胖成因、第二十九篇：体育赛事与兴奋、第三十篇：提炼饮用水次重点：第一篇：英国建筑、第二篇：厄尔尼诺与水鸟、第三篇：B湖研究; 第四篇：大脑训练、第五篇：幸福感与选择、第六篇：儒艮;第七篇：清洁剂、第八篇：早期人类航海迁徙、第九篇：科幻小说、第十篇：精益生产、第十一篇：解密记忆力、第十二篇：古头骨容貌重现、第十三篇：生物多样性、第十四篇：茶的历史与发展、第十五篇：双胞胎研究、第十六篇：明星员工与企业、第十七篇：新式科技对历史教学的影响、第十八篇：天才儿童、第十九篇：失败与创新、第二十篇：电子书及数学音乐、第二十一篇：植物纯净水、第二十二篇：学习历史的意义、第二十三篇：语言对商业的作用、第二十四篇：大象沟通方式及构造、第二十五篇：香味猎取者Perfume hunterA类阅读重点题型应该还是：t/f/ng ，match， summary, listof headings, 选择题，段落信息品配,建议专项总结重点题型，增强训练。
2017年2月25日雅思阅读答案解析（回忆版）
雅思考试频道为⼤家推出【】考⽣可点击以下⼊⼝进⼊免费试听页⾯！⾜不出户就可以边听课边学习，为⼤家的梦想助⼒!2017年2⽉25⽇雅思笔试机经回忆（阅读）Passage 1：童年概念的发展The concept of childhood in the western countries1. FALSE2. FALSE3. TRUE4. NOT GIVEN5. FALSE6. NOT GIVEN7. TRUE8. history of childhood9. miniature adults10. industrialization11. The factory Act12. play and education13. classroomPassage2：冰川(⽆忧核⼼预测命中)Passage 3：澳⼤利亚⼟壤盐碱化全程班→雅思全能6.5分VIP全程班特⾊：内部讲义+专业作⽂精批+外教1对1⼝语模考+免费重读主讲⽼师：王超伟、王煦、徐晓如、朱峰、袁伯娜、新东⽅外教团队适⽤⼈群：⾄少具备⼤学六级英语⽔平，⽬标分数为6.5分，英语基础较好的同学班→雅思全能7分VIP班特⾊：内部讲义+专业作⽂精批+外教1对1⼝语模考+免费重读主讲⽼师：姜⼤⾬、赵楠、韩悦娇、蒋中蓝、袁伯娜、王超伟、新东⽅外教团队适⽤⼈群：⾄少具备⼤学六级英语⽔平，⽬标分数为7分及以上，英语基础较好的同学直达班→知⼼雅思全能7分直达班特⾊：内部讲义主讲⽼师：姜⼤⾬、赵楠、韩悦娇、蒋中蓝、袁伯娜、王超伟适⽤⼈群：⾄少具备⼤学六级⾼分英语⽔平，⽬标分数为7分及以上，英语基础很好，仅需要针对雅思培训的同学。
2020年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案(卷五)
2020年雅思阅读模拟试题及答案（卷五）雅思阅读文本：In seventeenth-century colonial North America, all day-to-day cooking was done in the fireplace. Generally large, fireplaces were planned for cooking as well as for warmth. Those in the Northeast were usually four or five feet high, and in the South, they were often high enough for a person to walk into. A heavy timber called the mantel tree was used as a lintel to support the stonework above the fireplace opening. This timber might be scorched occasionally, but it was far enough in front of the rising column of heat to be safe from catching fire.Two ledges were built across from each other on the inside of the chimney. On these rested the ends of a "lug pole" from which pots were suspended when cooking. Wood from a freshly cut tree was used for the lug pole, so it would resist heat, but it had to be replaced frequently because it dried out and charred, and was thus weakened. Sometimes the pole broke and the dinner fell into the fire. When iron became easier to obtain, it was used instead of wood for lug poles, and later fireplaces had pivoting metal rods to hang pots from.Beside the fireplace and built as part of it was the oven. It was made like a small, secondary fireplace with a flue leading into the main chimney to draw out smoke. Sometimes the door of the oven faced the room, but most ovens were built with the opening facing into thefireplace. On baking days (usually once or twice a week) a roaring fire of "oven wood," consisting of brown maple sticks, was maintained in the oven until its walls were extremely hot. The embers were later removed, bread dough was put into the oven, and the oven was sealed shut until the bread was fully baked.Not all baking was done in a big oven, however. Also used was an iron "bake kettle," which looked like a stewpot on legs and which had an iron lid. This is said to have worked well when it was placed in the fireplace, surrounded by glowing wood embers, with more embers piled on its lid.雅思阅读题目：1. Which of the following aspects of domestic life in colonial North America does the passagemainly discuss?(A) methods of baking bread(B) fireplace cooking(C) the use of iron kettles in a typical kitchen(D) the types of wood used in preparing meals2. The author mentions the fireplaces built in the South to illustrate(A) how the materials used were similar to the materials used in northeastern fireplaces(B) that they served diverse functions(C) that they were usually larger than northeastern fireplaces(D) how they were safer than northeastern fireplaces3. The word "scorched" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) burned(B) cut(C) enlarged(D) bent4. The word "it" in line 6 refers to(A) the stonework(B) the fireplace opening(C) the mantel tree(D) the rising column of heat5.According to the passage , how was food usually cooked in a pot in the seventeenth century?(A) By placing the pot directly into the fire(B) By putting the pot in the oven(C) By filling the pot with hot water(D) By hanging the pot on a pole over the fire6. The word "obtain" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) maintain(B) reinforce(C) manufacture(D) acquire7. Which of the following is mentioned in paragraph 2 as a disadvantage of using a wooden lugpole?(A) It was made of wood not readily available.(B) It was difficult to move or rotate.(C) It occasionally broke.(D) It became too hot to touch.8. It can be inferred from paragraph 3 that, compared to other firewood, "oven wood" produced(A) less smoke(B) more heat(C) fewer embers(D) lower flames9.According to paragraph 3, all of the following were true of a colonial oven EXCEPT:(A) It was used to heat the kitchen every day.(B) It was built as part of the main fireplace.(C) The smoke it generated went out through the main chimney.(D) It was heated with maple sticks.10.According to the passage , which of the following was an advantage of a "bake kettle"?(A) It did not take up a lot of space in the fireplace.(B) It did not need to be tightly closed.(C) It could be used in addition to or instead of the oven.(D) It could be used to cook several foods at one time.雅思阅读答案：BCACD DCBAA雅思阅读文本：The principal difference between urban growth in Europe and in the North American colonies was the slow evolution of cities in the former and their rapid growth in the latter. In Europe they grew over a period of centuries from town economies to their present urban structure. In North America, they started as wilderness communities and developed to mature urbanism in little more than a century.In the early colonial days in North America, small cities sprang up along theAtlantic Coastline,mostly in what are now New England and Middle Atlantic states in the United States and in the lower Saint Lawrence valley in Canada. This was natural because these areas were nearest to England and France, particularly England, from which most capital goods (assets such as equipment) and many consumer goods were imported. Merchandising establishments were,accordingly, advantageously located in port cities from which goods could be readily distributed to interior settlements. Here, too, were the favored locationsfor processing raw materials prior to export. Boston, Philadelphia, New York, Montreal, and other cities flourished, and, as the colonies grew, these cities increased in importance.This was less true in the colonial South, where life centered around large farms, known as plantations, rather than around towns, as was the case in the areas further north along the Atlantic coastline. The local isolation and the economic self-sufficiency of the plantations were antagonistic to the development of the towns. The plantations maintained their independence because they were located on navigable streams and each had a wharf accessible to the small shipping of that day. In fact, one of the strongest factors in the selection of plantation land was the desire to have its front on a water highway.When the United States became an independent nation in 1776, it did not have a single city as large as 50,000 inhabitants, but by 1820 it had a city of more than 10,000 people, and by 1880 it had recorded a city of over one million. It was not until after 1823, after the mechanization of the spinning had weaving industries, that cities started drawing young people away from farms. Such migration was particularly rapid following the Civil War (1861-1865).雅思阅读题目：1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A) Factors that slowed the growth of cities in Europe.(B) The evolution of cities in North America(C) Trade between North American and European cities(D) The effects of the United Sates' independence on urban growth in New England.2. The word "they" in line 4 refers to(A) NorthAmerican colonies(B) cities(C) centuries(D) town economies3. The passage compares early European and North American cities on the basis of which of thefollowing?(A) Their economic success(B) The type of merchandise they exported(C) Their ability to distribute goods to interior settlements(D) The pace of their development4. The word "accordingly" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) as usual(B) in contrast(C) to some degree(D) for that reason5. According to the passage , early colonial cities were establishedalong the Atlantic coastline ofNorthAmerica due to(A) an abundance of natural resources(B) financial support from colonial governments(C) proximity to parts of Europe(D) a favorable climate6. The passage indicates that during colonial times, the Atlantic coastline cities prepared which ofthe following for shipment to Europe?(A) Manufacturing equipment(B) Capital goods(C) Consumer goods(D) Raw materials7. According to the passage , all of the following aspects of the plantation system influenced thegrowth of southern cities EXCEPT the(A) location of the plantations(B) access of plantation owners to shipping(C) relationships between plantation residents and city residents(D) economic self-sufficiency of the plantations8. It can be inferred from the passage that, in comparison with northern cities, most southern citieswere(A) more prosperous(B) smaller(C) less economically self-sufficient(D) tied less closely to England than to France9. The word "recorded" in line 26 is closest in meaning to(A) imagined(B) discovered(C) documented(D) planned10. The word "drawing" in line 28 is closest in meaning to(A) attracting(B) employing(C) instructing(D) representing11. The passage mentions the period following the Civil War (line 29) because it was a time of(A) significant obstacles to industrial growth(B) decreased dependence on foreign trade(C) increased numbers of people leaving employment on farms(D) increased migration from northern states to southern states雅思阅读答案：BBDDC DCBCAC雅思阅读文本：The sculptural legacy that the new United States inherited from its colonial predecessors was far from a rich one, and in fact, in 1776 sculpture as an art form was still in the hands of artisans and craftspeople. Stone carvers engraved their motifs of skulls and crossbones and other religious icons of death into the gray slabs that we still see standing today in old burial grounds. Some skilled craftspeople made intricately carved wooden ornamentations for furniture or architectural decorations, while others caved wooden shop signs and ships' figureheads. Although they often achieved expression and formal excellence in their generally primitive style, they remained artisans skilled in the craft of carving and constituted a group distinct from what we normally think of as "sculptors" in today's use of the word.On the rare occasion when a fine piece of sculpture was desired, Americans turned to foreign sculptors, as in the 1770's when the cities of New York and Charleston, South Carolina, commissioned the Englishman Joseph Wilton to make marble statues of William Pitt. Wilton also made a lead equestrian image of King George III that was created in New York in 1770 and torn down by zealous patriots six years later.A few marble memorials with carved busts, urns, or other decorations were produced in England and brought to the colonies to be set in the walls of churches—as in King's Chapel in Boston. But sculpture as a high art, practiced by artists who knew both the artistic theory of their Renaissance-Baroque-Rococo predecessors and the various technical procedures of modeling, casting, and carving rich three-dimensional forms, was not known among Americans in 1776. Indeed, for many years thereafter, the United States had two groups from which to choose —either the local craftspeople or the imported talent of European sculptors.The eighteenth century was not one in which powered sculptural conceptions were developed.Add to this the timidity with which unschooled artisans —originally trained as stonemasons, carpenters, or cabinetmakers —attacked the medium from which they sculpture made in the United States in the late eighteenth century.雅思阅读题目：1. What is the main idea of the passage ?(A) There was great demand for the work of eighteenth-century artisans.(B) Skilled sculptors did not exist in the United States in the 1770's.(C) Many foreign sculptors worked in the United States after 1776.(D)American sculptors were hampered by a lack of tools and materials.2. The word "motifs" in line 3 is closest in meaning to(A) tools(B) prints(C) signatures(D) designs3. The work of which of the following could be seen in burial grounds?(A) European sculptors(B) Carpenters(C) Stone carves(D) Cabinetmakers4. The word "others" in line 6 refers to(A) craftspeople(B) decorations(C) ornamentations(D) shop signs5. The word "distinct" in line 9 is closest in meaning to(A) separate(B) assembled(C) notable(D) inferior6. The word "rare" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) festive(B) infrequent(C) delightful(D) unexpected7. Why does the author mention Joseph Wilton in line 13?(A) He was an English sculptor who did work in the United States.(B) He was well known for his wood carvings(C) He produced sculpture for churches.(D) He settled in the United States in 1776.8. What can be inferred about the importation of marble memorials from England?(A) Such sculpture was less expensive to produce locally than to import(B) Such sculpture was not available in the United States.(C) Such sculpture was as prestigious as those made locally.(D) The materials found abroad were superior.9. How did the work of American carvers in 1776 differ from that of contemporary sculptors?(A) It was less time-consuming(B) It was more dangerous.(C) It was more expensive.(D) It was less refined.雅思阅读答案：BDCAABABD雅思阅读文本：Throughout the nineteenth century and into the twentieth, citizens of the United States maintained a bias against big cities. Most lived on farms and in small towns and believed cities to be centers of corruption, crime, poverty, and moral degradation. Their distrust was caused, in part,by a national ideology that proclaimed farming the greatest occupation and rural living superior to urban living. This attitude prevailed even as the number of urban dwellers increased and cities became an essential feature of the national landscape. Gradually, economic reality overcame ideology. Thousands abandoned the precarious life on the farm for more secure and better paying jobs in the city. But when these people migrated from the countryside, they carried their fears and suspicious with them. These new urbanities, already convinced that cities were overwhelmed with great problems, eagerly embraced the progressive reforms that promised to bring order out of the chaos of the city.One of many reforms came in the area of public utilities. Water and sewerage systems were usually operated by municipal governments, but the gas and electric networks were privately owned. Reformers feared that the privately owned utility companies would charge exorbitant ratesfor these essential services and deliver them only to people who could afford them. Some city and state governments responded by regulating the utility companies, but a number of cities began to supply these services themselves. Proponents of these reforms argued that public ownership and regulation would insure widespread access to these utilities and guarantee a fair price.While some reforms focused on government and public behavior, others looked at the cities as a whole. Civic leaders, convinced that physical environment influenced human behavior, argued that cities should develop master plans to guide their future growth and development. City planning was nothing new, but the rapid industrialization and urban growth of the late nineteenth century took place without any consideration for order. Urban renewal in the twentieth century followed several courses. Some cities introduced plans to completely rebuild the city core. Most other cities contented themselves with zoning plans for regulating future growth. Certain parts of town were restricted to residential use, while others were set aside for industrial or commercial development.雅思阅读题目：1. What does the passage mainly discuss?(A)A comparison of urban and rural life in the early twentieth century(B) The role of government in twentieth century urban renewal(C) Efforts to improve urban life in the early twentieth century(D) Methods of controlling urban growth in the twentieth century2. The word "bias" in line 2 is closest in meaning to(A) diagonal(B) slope(C) distortion(D) prejudice3. The first paragraph suggests that most people who lived in rural areas(A) were suspicious of their neighbors(B) were very proud of their lifestyle(C) believed city government had too much power(D) wanted to move to the cities4. In the early twentieth century, many rural dwellers migrated to the city in order to(A) participate in the urban reform movement(B) seek financial security(C) comply with a government ordinance(D) avoid crime and corruption5. The word "embraced" in line 11 is closest in meaning to(A) suggested(B) overestimated(C) demanded(D) welcomed6. What concern did reformers have about privately owned utility companies?(A) They feared the services would not be made available to all city dwellers.(B) They believed private ownership would slow economic growth(C) They did not trust the companies to obey the government regulations.(D) They wanted to ensure that the services would be provided to rural areas.7. The word "exorbitant" in line 16 is closest in meaning to(A) additional(B) expensive(C) various(D) modified8.All of the following were the direct result of public utility reforms EXCEPT(A) local governments determined the rates charged by private utility companies(B) some utility companies were owned and operated by localgovernments(C) the availability of services was regulated by local government(D) private utility companies were required to pay a fee to local governments9. The word "Proponents" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) Experts(B) Pioneers(C) Reviewers(D) Supporters10. Why does the author mention "industrialization" (line 24)?(A) To explain how fast urban growth led to poorly designed cities(B) To emphasize the economic importance of urban areas(C) To suggest that labor disputes had become an urban problem(D) To illustrate the need for construction of new factories雅思阅读答案：CDBBDABDDA雅思阅读文本：Although only 1 person in 20 in the Colonial period lived in a city, the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development of North America. They were at the cutting edge ofsocial change. It was in the cities that the elements that can be associated with modern capitalism first appeared —the use of moneyand commercial paper in place of barter, open competition in place of social deference and hierarchy, with an attendant rise in social disorder, and the appearance of factories using coat or water power in place of independent craftspeople working with hand tools. "The cities predicted the future," wrote historian Gary. B. Nash, "even though they were but overgrown villages compared to the great urban centers of Europe, the Middle East and China."Except for Boston, whose population stabilized at about 16,000 in 1760, cities grew by exponential leaps through the eighteenth century. In the fifteen years prior to the outbreak of the War for independence in 1775, more than 200,000 immigrants arrived on North American shores.This meant that a population the size of Boston was arriving every year, and most of it flowed into the port cities in the Northeast. Philadelphia's population nearly doubted in those years, reaching about 30,000 in 1774, New York grew at almost the same rate, reaching about 25,000 by 1775.The quality of the hinterland dictated the pace of growth of the cities. The land surrounding Boston had always been poor farm country, and by the mid-eighteenth century it was virtually stripped of its timber. The available farmland was occupied, there was little in the region beyond the city to attract immigrants. New York and Philadelphia, by contrast, served a rich and fertile hinterland laced with navigablewatercourses. Scots, Irish, and Germans landed in these cities and followed the rivers inland. The regions around the cities of New York and Philadelphia became the breadbaskets of North America, sending grain not only to other colonies but also to England and southern Europe, where crippling droughts in the late 1760's created a whole new market.雅思阅读题目：1. Which of the following aspects of North America in the eighteenth century does the passagemainly discuss?(A) The effects of war on the growth of cities(B) The growth and influence of cities(C) The decline of farming in areas surrounding cities(D) The causes of immigration to cities2. Why does the author say that "the cities had a disproportionate influence on the development ofNorthAmerica" (lines 1-2)?(A) The influence of the cities was mostly negative(B) The populations of the cities were small, but their influence was great.(C) The cities were growing at a great rate.(D) Most people pretended to live in cities3. The phrase "in place of " in lines 4-5 is closest in meaning to(A) connected to(B) in addition to(C) because of(D) instead of4. The word "attendant" in line 6 is closest in meaning to(A) avoidable(B) accompanying(C) unwelcome(D) unexpected5. Which of the following is mentioned as an element of modern capitalism?(A) Open competition(B) Social deference(C) Social hierarchy(D) Independent craftspeople6. It can be inferred that in comparison with North American cities, cities in Europe, the MiddleEast, and China had(A) large populations(B) little independence(C) frequent social disorder(D) few power sources7. The phrase "exponential leaps" in line 12 is closest in meaning to(A) long wars(B) new laws(C) rapid increases(D) exciting changes8. The word "it" in line 15 refers to(A) population(B) size(C) Boston(D)Year9. How many immigrants arrived in NorthAmerica between 1760 and 1775?(A)About 16,000(B)About 25,000(C)About 30,000(D) More than 200,00010. The word "dictated" in line 18 is closest in meaning to(A) spoiled(B) reduced(C) determined(D) divided11. The word "virtually" in line 20 is closest in meaning to(A) usually(B) hardly(C) very quickly(D) almost completely12. The region surrounding New York and Philadelphia is contrasted with the region surroundingBoston in terms of(A) quality of farmland(B) origin of immigrants(C) opportunities for fishing(D) type of grain grown13. Why does the author describe the regions around the cities of New York and Philadelphia as"breadbaskets"?(A) They produced grain especially for making bread.(B) They stored large quantities of grain during periods of drought(C) They supplied grain to other parts of North America and other countries.(D) They consumed more grain than all the other regions of NorthAmerica.雅思阅读答案：BBDBAACADC DAC。
2020年雅思真题答案详解解析
2020年雅思真题答案详解解析过去的一年里，无数学生为了梦寐以求的高分苦苦备考着雅思考试。
而2020年的雅思真题则成为了大家热议的焦点。
本文将就2020年的雅思真题进行详解解析，帮助学生更好地了解各个题目的要求和答题技巧。
口语部分是雅思考试中最令人紧张的部分之一。
在2020年的口语考试中，一道题目引起了很多学生的关注，即"Describe adifficult decision you recently made"。
对于这道题目，考生可以选择描述自己最近的一个艰难抉择，并阐述自己是如何做出决策的。
例如，你可以选择描述自己选择留学还是就业的决策过程，并解释你是如何权衡利弊和分析可能的结果的。
这样的回答将体现出你的思维能力和决策能力，让考官对你的综合素质有更深入的了解。
在阅读部分中，有一道题目吸引了广大考生的注意，那就是"Climate change and its effects"。
考生需要在限定的时间内阅读一篇关于气候变化和其影响的文章，并回答相关问题。
这道题目要求考生具备对环境问题的了解和分析能力。
在答题时，考生可以按照文章的逻辑思路一步步地回答问题，同时也可以结合自己的个人观点和经验作出更深入的分析。
例如，你可以提及全球变暖导致的海平面上升，进而影响到沿海城市的威胁；或者你可以谈谈气候变化对动植物生态系统的影响，以及我们应该如何保护环境等。
这样的回答不仅表明你具备理解和思考环保议题的能力，也能够体现出你对社会问题的关注和智慧。
写作部分是考生们最为吃力的一部分。
在2020年的写作考试中，有一道题目引起了很多学生的争议，即"Should government spend more money on arts or on science research?"。
对于这道题目，考生需要发表自己的观点，并用合理的论证进行支持。
在写作时，你可以先从两种支出的重要性和价值出发，进行分析和比较。
2020年雅思考试预测机经（听力+阅读）
2020年雅思考试预测机经（听⼒+阅读）2020年1⽉4⽇雅思考试预测机经听⼒部分2020年1⽉听⼒重点为⼤家整理出了20篇复习题⽬，s1,s4以填空题为主，s2,s3以选择题为主。
考察的答案词汇已为⼤家整理出词汇表并附⾳频。
Section1预测重点（5篇）主题提⽰：迪拜的“⼟豪国际学校”主题提⽰：社区新移民咨询主题提⽰：⽣态农场预定主题提⽰：驾驶学校的驾照申请Section2预测重点（5篇）主题提⽰：沉船博物馆主题提⽰：澳洲野⽣动物园主题提⽰：租房信息主题提⽰：成为旅游景点的railway主题提⽰：名叫eyesaver的慈善组织介绍Section3预测重点（5篇）主题提⽰：公司研发创新专利流程的company’spatent application主题提⽰：⽕⼭的知识讲座主题提⽰：坐车上学家庭⼉童肥胖案例研究主题提⽰：Paul’s tutorial主题提⽰：⼥⼈要求换课程（两个表格填空）主题提⽰:公司创新专利申请Section4预测重点（5篇）主题提⽰：Pay-as-you-go主题提⽰：Biomasses development主题提⽰：Red imported fire ants主题提⽰：Ancient language learning主题提⽰：⼈类嗅觉的研究Section1主题提⽰：迪拜的“⼟豪国际学校”International school in Dubai1-10)completions1.location of school:is opposite to a golf course2.meet the class supervisor:on Wednesday他想和⽼师见⾯，约定在周三12点153.school uniform:blue skirt4.early:breakfast5.class time:7.15-12.40原⽂是课程开始是~，但是学校是2点钟关门/doc/49556f9c7d192279168884868762caaedd33bac2.html ter this week activities:swimming 之前会说以前举办的活动是什么，然后说这周的活动7.provide piano lessonsSpanish course8.age from7son is89.also have a science teacher10.telephone number:044298611Section1主题提⽰：社区新移民咨询PDA details1-10)completions1.exceptions can be made if your doctor get permission2.who have a yearly income under$250003.be a resident of the community4.must be entrain age(yet not a senior)5.have a job that is permanent6.for those who have no insurance7.should provide an identification showing your address8.have to submit your document from a bank to check9.you are up to date with your tax10.telephone:186********Section1主题提⽰：⽣态农场预定A woman called to book aeco-farm1.family name:Pennington2.e-mail address:Helen@/doc/49556f9c7d192279168884868762caaedd33bac2.htmlJohn@/doc/49556f9c7d192279168884868762caaedd33bac2.html 官⽅出题两个答案交替考3.home address:66Lake Road4.the source of information:radio5.membership number:ID UK765024EGContrast her family and the club member:Section1主题提⽰:驾驶学校的驾照申请Applying a driver’s license1-10）completionSection1主题提⽰：慈善晚餐charity host1-10）completion1.charity style:Newwith no experience before2.address:Grant Street3.postal code:********4.family style:housing5.厨具stew and microwave6.clean-up:dishwasher7.park place:drive waynot on side street8.charity name:garden project9.the nearest bus route:No.1310.the news come from one neighborSection2主题提⽰：沉船博物馆11-16)Multiple Choices11Which River was the sunk ship built?A Ohio RiverB MississippiC Missouri12Why did it sink?A collided with a piece of woodB collided with another boatC collided with a hard rock13The reason of difficulties for finding the sunk wreckage isA it lost in too much depthB the river had changed the courseC暂缺14What they found in the box?A foodB gold and silver coinsC footwear15Where did they find it?A farmhouseB a corner of the field barnC near an old machinery16The museum was established byA a businessmanB city state councilC community of local17-20)MatchingA a bottle of perfume as souvenirB a toyC a woman dress in traditional designed clothD a film about Blue Moon GreyE a small piece made into boat modelF a film book with pictures and stories17gift shop F18figure C19photo framing E20the real Blue Moon ASection2主题提⽰：澳洲野⽣动物园11-15)Multiple Choice11New activity in June in Australia Zoo is A visitors can see animals at nights B暂缺C people usually hold parties there12The most popular presentation is aboutA kangarooB koalaC snake13What is the tip of feeding Kangaroo?A feed a lot of food to many of themB touch baby kangaroosC stand up straight14Why the section of wild dog was closed?A enclosure is being repairedB wild dogs are unwellC wild dogs haven’t arrived15Where can visitors get discount this year?A photo shopB暂缺C暂缺16-20)Map Matching16Arena17Educational Place18Picnic Spot19Photo Shop20Gift ShopSection2主题提⽰：租房信息11-14)MatchingA flatB houseC hostel11with a garden A12each with a garage A13security with alarming system B 14new furniture B 15-20)Map Matching15bank16house17hostel18flat19post office20bus stopSection2主题提⽰：成为旅游景点的railway11-15)Multiple Choices11Why does the railway trip interests people?A the engine is so smallB it has a lot of viewsC暂缺12Why the railway station was closed?A no much mining industryB transferring to transport goods and peopleC暂缺13What is the new attraction of the park facilities?A a playground for childrenB a dining areaC a new look for visitors14The park is now run byA international volunteersB a charity organismC a local private businessman15题⽬暂缺can hire bicycles16题⽬暂缺opens all year around17-20)Matching17A(good start point for a walk path)18D(on the accommodation)19E(good view point to see wildlife)20C(excellent food to enjoy)Section2主题提⽰：名叫eyesaver的慈善组织介绍11-16)Multiple Choices11Eyesaver was founded forA15yearsB30yearsC60years12The original aim of insight objects isA offer equipment with little techniquesB offer children who got eye diseaseC offer operational help13The main funding comes fromA final pay every monthB donation from peopleC money collected on the street14Listener needs toA receive glasses from patientsB gives money donationC check website15The main aim of this program is toA show people how easy their small donation can make big differences（有争议）B show people how easy eyes problems can be cured（有争议）C XX eye disease16How does the speaker advertise the program?A recordingsB computersC training17-20)Matching17for XX E（more significant）18for elder people D（ads or equipment）19for educational institution C（link with academic institutions）20for young children B（link with school students）Section3主题提⽰：公司研发创新专利流程的company’s patent application21-26)Matching21Copyright---F（automatically create awarded）22Patent draft---D（help from external expert）23Trade mark---B（increase confidence of company’s product）24Design---G（used by telecommunication company）25Circuit---C（cannot be used oversea）26Company trade secrets---A（sign a special contract）27-30)Matchingflow chartSection3主题提⽰:⽕⼭的知识讲座Volcano presentation21-25)Matching⽕⼭和说明的配对26-30)multiple choices26Ekri(⼥)the area has been neglectedB he does not understand the main reason27关于怎么选择材料问⼥的Erick准备加什么？A part of documentaryB photographs including in the handoutsC via internet video film programs28关于“dead”和“dormant”两个词的in order toA help distinguish between scientific and popular term29那个⼥同学last presentation被教授认为不⾜的原因是A not in deep discussionB lack of sufficient dataC not developed personal own point30⽕⼭的volcanoes benefitsA it is not fully exploitedB overweighC it is not recognizedSection3主题提⽰:坐车上学家庭⼉童肥胖案例研究Research about children who are driven to school by their parents 21-26)Multiple Choices21why为什么要研究这个？the main idea of the paper?C increase children obesity22why care about exercise instead of diet?A already know something about exerciseB less in known about exerciseC it is easier to collect the data of exercise23有个问题是问教授的观点opinion?A more incidents of the crimesB more awareness of the crimesC more accurate statistics data24⽗母开车送孩⼦parents driving children to and from school leads toA more accident and congestionB the increase of two-cars in familyC there were more awareness on crimes25current problem met y early researchers?学⽣说不知道如何着⼿not knowing where to start27-28)多选题选择experiment调查样本怎么样的对照组reference criteriaA brothers andsistersB****C similar ageD the same distance to schoolsE varying height and weight29-30)多选题男孩expectto discover…from students who walk to school A less rate of being obese B⾛路去学校的⼩孩有什么不⼀样C more sports activitiesD在学校表现less energeticSection3主题提⽰:Paul’s tutorial学⽣Paul参加⼀个⼥⽼师意见的教学反馈21-25)multiple choices21是tutor认为男⽣的topic很特别第⼀个怎么⼿机数据选B tape-recording22tutor建议男⽣应该C involve more respondents23男⽣获得useful topic materials given by tutors的途径？A websiteB是运⽤APPC从seminar classD journal24employer什么情况下同意员⼯flexible work hour?C meet a requirement this term25下个学期（next semester）什么让学⽣excited?A prospect of learning new thingsB learn in adifferent way26-30)Matching题⽬给了6个选项26Friday morning:career opportunity just for graduate27Saturday morning:raise your question28Saturday afternoon:how to attend an interview29Saturday evening:personal statement and resume20Sunday morning:publish an articleSection3主题提⽰:⼥⼈要求换课程（两个表格填空）Table表格1：Original Course Title:21Economic HistoryBegin at:22last SeptemberShe want to change:the First Option:23PoliticsThe2nd Option:24PhilosophyTable2Three Major Problems:29Next visiting time:17th February for feedback;this date,tutor will not be in school,thus she can go to contact30Senior AdvisorSection4主题提⽰：Pay-as-you-goExample:dentist31.how to charge the lawyer32.method of payment depends on what personality33.type of customs used:formal and private34.⼀种one-time payment:付费的“insurance”effect35.另⼀种出租是：⽤多少付多少the“taxi”effect36.period of10weeks37.take the gym as example people overestimate consideration of cost rather than quality38.you can get online brochure or post monthly per booklet39.collect data with satisfaction in consumers40.when doing…it helps offer the customers a calculatorSection4主题提⽰：Biomasses developmentBackground:Advantages31.Biomasses fuel on finance:product at no cost32.convenience and easy to handle and storeProduction33.materials processed as powder form34.need add some substances,like starch35.mixture with different shapes e.g.holes36.only need input a little energy of electricityApplications37.in USA and Europe,biomasses already used in agriculture38.In China,year2002,there are already600factories39.In Uganda,biomasses are applied mainly in researches and business40.in the future,it is predicted that the demand will increaseSection4主题提⽰：Red imported fire ants31.fire ants live in environment except for desert and artic areas32.carried in soil with farming equipment33.fire ants was first found in Brisbane in2001,itis near the port34.often being found under rocks35.aided by well-trained dogs36.prevent people from getting water they need37.camera wired to a helicopter38.insecticide and bait mixed with corn39.reduce the use of sports supportfacilities40.damage the electrical systemSection4主题提⽰：Ancient language learning31.Lingua Franca need to know the background of an existing language32.The language itself can promote the global commerce33.The grammar is a standard34.One example people are familiar is Greek35.Pidgin was created for children36.It has many limitations37.RussnOrsk is a mixture of two different languages38.Creole is an entirely invented new language39.The language is very advanced compels40.It has a lot of rare vocabularySection4主题提⽰：⼈类嗅觉的研究From previous research31.the animal of monkeys32.can smell tiny chemical33.can easily know it is chocolate34.the smell of orange in a nightclub35.detect fear in the man’s sweat36.Not good at finding the source of a smellReasons why smell is important37.cannot be very accurate38.recall the memories of childhood best39.whether we are in emotion of sad40.for people good at smelling spices阅读部分Human Remain In GREEN SAHARAA On October13,2,000,a small team of paleontologists led by Paul Sereno of the University of Chicago clambered out of three battered Land Rovers,filled their water bottles,and scattered on foot across the toffee-colored sands of the Tenere desert in northern Niger.The Tenere,on the southern flank of the Sahara,easily ranks among the most desolate landscapes on Earth.The Tuareg,turbaned nomads who for centuries-have ruled this barren realm,refer to it as a"desert within a desert"a California-size ocean of sand and rock,where a single massivedune might stretch a hundred miles,and the combinationof120-degreeheat andinexorable winds can wick the water from a human body in less than a day.The harsh conditions,combined with intermittent conflict between the Tuareg and the Niger government,have kept the region largely unexploredB Mike Hettwer,a photographer accompanying the team,headed off by himself toward a trio of small dunes.He crested the first slope and stared in amazement.The dunes were spilling over with bones.He took a few shots with his digital camera and hurried back to the Hettwer said Land Rovers."I found some bones:when the team had regrouped."But they're not dinosaurs.They are human.’’C In the spring of2005Sereno contacted Elena Garcea,an archaeologist at the University of Cassino,in Italy,invitingher to accompany him on a return to the site Garcea had spent three decades working digs along the Nilein Sudan and in the mountains of the Libyan Desert and was well acquainted with the ancient peoples of the Sahara.But she had neverheard of Paul Sereno.His claim to have found so many skeletons in one place seemed far fetched,given that no other Neolithic cemetery contained more than a dozen or so.Some archaeologists would later be skeptical;one sniped that he was just a"moonlighting paleontologist."But Garcea was too intrigued to dismiss him as an interloper.She agreed to join him.D Garcea explained that the Kiffian were a fishing-based culture and lived during the earliest wetperiod,between8,000and10,000years ago.She held a Kiffian sherd next to a Tenerian one."Whatis so amazing is that the people who made these two pots lived morethan a thousand years apart.E Over the next three weeks,Sereno and Garcea--along with five American excavators,five Tuareg guides,and five soldiers from Niger's army,sent to protect the camp from bandits--made adetailed map of the site,which they dubbed Gobero,after the Tuareg name for the area.They exhumed eight burials and collected scores of artifacts from both cultures.In a dry lake bed adjacent to the dunes,they found dozens offishhooks and harpoons carved from animal bone.Apparently the Kiffian fishermenweren't just going after small fry:Scattered near the dunes were the remains of Nile perch,a beast of a fish that can weigh near300pounds,as well ascrocodile and hippo bones.F Sereno flew home with the most important skeletons and artifacts and immediately began planning for the next field season.In the/meantime,he carefully removed one tooth from each of four skulls and sent them to a lab for radiocarbon dating.The results pegged the age of the tightly bundled burials at roughly9,000years old,the heart of the Kiffian era.The smaller sleeping"skeletons turned out to be about6,000years old,well withinthe Tenerian period.At least now the scientists knew who was who.G In the fall of2006they returned to Gobero,accompanied by a larger dig crew and six additional scientists.Garcea hoped to excavate some80burials,and the team began digging.As the skeletonsbegan to emerge from the dunes,each presented a fresh riddle,especially the Tenerian.A male skeleton had been buried with a finger in his mouth.H Even at the site,Arizona StateUniversity bioarchaeologist Chris Stojanowski could begin to piece together someclues.Judging by the bones,the Kiffian appeared to be a peaceful,hardworking people."The lack of head and forearm injuries suggests they were not doing much fighting,he told me."And these guy were strong."He pointed to a long,narrow ridge running along a femur.That's the muscle attachment,"he said."This individual had hu.eg muscles,which means he was eating a lot of protein and had a strenuous lifestyle both consistent with a fishing way of life."For contrast,he showed me the femur of a Tenerianmale.The ridge was barely perceptible."This guy had a much less strenuouslifestyle,"he said,"which you might expect of a herderI Stojanowski's assessment that theTenerian were herders fit the prevailing view among scholars of life in theSahara6,000years ago,when drier conditions favored herding over hunting.Butif the Tenerian were herders,Sereno pointed out,where were the herds?Amongthe hundreds of animal bones that had turned up at the site,none belonged to goats or sheep and only three came from a cow species."It's not unusual for a herding culture not to slaughter their cattle,particularly in a cemetery,M Garcea responded,noting that even modern pastoralists,such as igersWodaabe,are loath to butcher even one animal in their herd.Perhaps,Serenoreasoned,the Tenerian at Gobero were a transitional group that had not fully adopted herding and still relied heavily on hunting and fishing.J Back in Arizona,Stojanowski continues toanalyze the Gobero bones for clues to the Green Saharans'health and diet.Other scientists are trying to derive DNA from the teeth,which could revealthe genetic origins of the Kiffian and Tenerian-and possibly link them to descendants livingtoday.Sereno and Garcea estimate a hundred burials remainto be excavated.But as the harsh Tenere winds continue to erode the dunes,time is running out."Every archaeological site has a life cycle,"Garcea said."It begins when people begin to use the place,followedby disuse,then nature takes over,and finally it is gone.Gobero is at the endof its life.”Questions1-3Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading PassageIn boxes I-3on your answer sheet,writeTRUE if the statement agrees with the informationFALSE if the statement contradicts the informationNOT GIVEN if there is no information in the passageI Hettwer accidently found human remains in the desert2Sereno and Garcea have cooperated in some archaeological activities before3The pictures of rock engravings found in Green Sahara is similar to other places Questions4-7Answer the questions belowChoose No MORE THAN THREE WORDS AND/OR A NUMBER from the Passage for each answer4What did Sereno and Garcea produce in the initial weeks before digging work?5For what purpose did Sereno send one tooth from each of four skulls to the laboratory?6How old is the bigger tightly bundled burials being identified?7What part of the body remains did the scientists send for inspection to find out the genetic origins of the Kiffian and Tenerian?Questions8-14SummaryComplete the following summary of theparagraphs of Reading Passage,using no more than two words from theReading Passage for each answer.Write your answers in boxes8--14on youranswer sheet.On the basis of bone judgment,kiffican seemed to be a8___hardworking people,because we did not find9___on head and forearm.Through observation of the huge leg muscles,it can be inferred that their diet had plenty of10___,and their lifestyle was11___.All evidence pointed compliance with a fishing way of life.On the other hand,Stojanowski presumed that Tenerian preferred to live herding over12___,but only some animal bones such as13___were found,which Sereno supposed that Tenerian at Gobero lived in a14___groupat that time.Answers：1.TRUE2.FALSE3.NOT GIVEN4.map/a map5.radiocarbon dating6.9000years7.teeth8.peaceful9.injuries10.protein11.strenuous12.hunting13.cow species14.transitional写作部分●Since money for postgraduate research is limited,some people think financial support fromthe government should only be provided for scientific research rather than the research for less useful subjects.To what extent do you agree or disagree?★●In recent years,pressure on school and university students have been increasing and they arepushed to work very hard from a young age.Do you think this is a positive or negativedevelopment?★★★●Some people believe that in order to improve educational quality,we should encouragestudents to make comments or even criticism on their teachers,but others think it will lead to the loss of respect and discipline in the classroom.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.★★●Many customs and traditional ways of behavior are no longer relevant to modern life and notworth keeping.Do you agree or disagree?★★★●Some people who have been in prison become good citizens later.Some people think thatthey are the best people to talk to school students the danger of committing a crime.Do you agree or disagree?★★●Many countries believe that international tourism has harmful effects.Why do they thinkso?What can be done to change their views?★●Today,newspapers and televisions are giving detailed descriptions of crimes.Some peoplebelieve such a practice will cause bad consequences and thus media should be restricted.To what extent do you agree or disagree?★★★●New parents should attend parenting courses to bring up their children well.To what extentdo you agree or disagree?★★★●Some people think young people are not suitable for important positions in the government，while other people think it is a good idea for young people to take on these positions.Discuss both views and give your own opinion.★★★●Many animal species in the world are becoming extinct nowadays.Some people say thatcountries and individuals should protect these animals from dying out,while others say we should concentrate more on problems of human beings.Discuss both views and give your opinion.★★★●More and more companies are allowing employees to work at home.Do you think this is apositive or negative development?★。
2020年2月27日雅思写作机经预测
2020年2月27日雅思写作机经预测写作分析与预测短时间提升雅思写作的捷径如下----形成自己的一套写法，才有自己一整套的句子表达，才能应万变，考试时作文才能按时间写完。
人生是一个过程，雅思复习也需要一个过程，作文的提升更需要过程，偷工减料没完成我提出的指标的同学考试就会知道苦头了-要么在规定时间内写不完，要么离题或写得很痛苦。
备考指导-----1. 写作练习三步走：“精读背诵—摘抄—模仿”。
很多同学写作的的问题是无话可说，解决这个问题的的方法是先大量精读雅思写作的范文，请记住“没有大量的输入就没有自由的输出”。
“Every word in your essay should be preset..”2.多练习范文：根据科学统计要在雅思写作中取得7-8分的成绩，至少要练习15篇左右文章。
希望同学们在练习的时候一定要掐好时间，最近几次考试很多同学大作文没有来得及写完，结果写作在5分以下，究其原因还是平时的实战练习太少了。
写完之后一定要找到老师来批改，激情攻克雅思,方向决定成功!小作文重点排列应该是一级重点：曲线-饼图-表格-柱状图二级：曲线-饼图-表格-柱状图的综合图三级：流程图30%机率,地图25%机率。
2020年2月20日1.In some countries, parents expect children to spendlong time studying both in and after school, and have less free time. Do you think it has the positive or negative effects on children and society? 或Some people believe everyone has the right to get university education. To what extent do you agree government should make it free to all people no matter of their financial background?或Many people believe that the main aim for university education is to help graduates to find better jobs, while some people believe that university education should aim at cultivating students’ overall abilities. What is your opinion?2.We live in cities or towns which have museumsdisplaying historical and cultural importance, but people do not visit them. How do you think people do not visit museums in their local areas?What is the importance of museums to society?或Should governments spend money on art, when they have so many other important issues and concerns? You should use your own ideas of knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.或Nowadays museums have become more and more important. What are the purposes of places such as museums and how should they be funded?或Creative artists should be given freedom to express their ideas (words, pictures, music and films. However some people think government should take some restriction with them. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? Give your reasons with own knowledge and give examples.3.Nowadays, in some countries around the world men and women are having children late in life. What are the reasons for this development? What are the effects on society andfamily life?或Men and women employed in full-time jobs have to share evenly household chores and caring for children at home. Do you agree or disagree? Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your knowledge or experience.或Nowadays, some workplaces tend to employ equal numbers of men and women. Do you think it is a positive or negative development?或Some people believe that women should play an equal role as men in a country’s police force or military force, such as the army, while others think womenare not suitable for these kinds of jobs. Discuss both views and give your opinion4.As country develops, a large population chooses to live individually or live in a small family unit. Discuss the causes and its effects on society. 或者City dwellers seldom socialize with their neighbors today and the sense of community has been lost. Why has this happened and how to solve this problem?或People spend more and more time at their work place and don’t spend enough time with family and friends. Why is this happening? What consequences can this have for the family life and society?或 Some people thinkthat in this modern world people are getting dependent of each other. Others think the modern world gets people more independent of each other. Discuss both views and give your own opinions.或In many countries, the quality of life in large cities is becoming worse. What are the causes for this problem? What measures do you think should be taken to tackle this problem?5.The best way to solve the traffic congestion in city is to provide free public transport for 24 hours a day，7days a week. To what extent do you agree or disagree?或In most parts。
雅思考试 2021年2月20日雅思考试回忆及解析
2021年2月20日雅思考试回忆及解析听力Part 1新题／旧题：旧题主题：租房场景题型及数量：10填空1-10) 填空1There is a small swimming pool2dining room3Single parking space garage4There is a supermarket nearby5near a park6There is a primary school7The rent includes the maintenance of gardens8House will be emptied on 21st, but the house will be available on 23rd April9The last time they agreed is at 10.15 am 10 Address is: Spring streetPart 2新题／旧题：旧题主题：工作规则和地点介绍题型及数量：3选择 +7地图11-13）选择11.Where should the employees be when it’s time to work in busy or mild season?Two different time finishing time12.About the leaves rule: annual holiday leaveA everyone has the vocation of the same lengthB you have to leave at some fixed timeC notice your supervisor in advance13 When enter the buildingB be/you sit in your place for work14-20) 地图14bath room - I15locker room - J16load dock - G18media room - E19production manager's office - C20cafeteria - HPart 3新题／旧题：旧题主题：单词教学题型及数量：6选择+4匹配21-26）Multiple choices 21 The commonamong all participants?B same level of language ability22 what should pay attention to for methodA avoid statistics23What the major difference between the TWO researches? C the second research has no interviewee24What the participants(kids) should learn in the first stage?A know the words but to not know how to use25Why they would apply the special words series? A interviewees had never seem before26What the recommended subject for next step?B phrasesC translation27-30) matching27Introduction —D should be shorter28Data analysis —A referring to related materials29Methodology —B be more critically thinking30Conclusion —C has appeared in multiple partsPart 4新题／旧题：旧题主题:穴居动物题型及数量：10填空31-40) completions--1st animal-live near cave entrance31Troglophile likes live near cave’s entrance32Rats 使用他们的sight 进入洞穴，然后用sense of smell to find way out 33Some Troglodyte to find water in the cave area--2nd animal-cave lover34Bats lived in caves during the day of winter to hibernate35穴居爱好者说有个动物就喜欢阴暗潮湿damp and dark environment36这类动物在洞穴because other animals will eat their eggs37 永久穴居中的：colorless blind38 Cave fish will have reduced eyes39 Nutrient in cave soil40 These animals are in danger, (bats) are affected by disease阅读文章题Passage 目：1轮船搜寻事件文章难度：★★★题型及数量：填空+判断题目及答案：待回忆可参考真题：剑桥 15——TEST1 Passage3 What Is Exploration?文章题Passage 目：2Stress of Workplace文章难度：★★★★ 题型及数量：选择+匹配+填空题目及答案：13-20） 匹配13 A 14D15 B16 D17 C18-20） 选择18 B19 D 20 A21-25） 填空21 workplace injury22 16.6 weeks23 7%24 golf25 massage 26 workloads 可参考真题：剑桥 13——TEST4 Passage3 BookReview文章题Passage 目：3苦涩味道研究 Biology of Bitterness文章难度：★★★★ 题型及数量：选择+匹配+填空题目及答案：27-34） 匹配27 B28 I29 C30 E31G 32 H33A34D35-38）填空35Naringin36Poisonous37supertasters 38 taste buds39-40）选择39 A 40 D 可参考真题：剑桥8——TEST2 Passage3 The Meaning and Power of Smell写作小作文：表格题题目：一个国家男女在四个行业的三年的占比大作文题目：Parents should encourage children spend less time in studying and more in doing physical activities. To what extent do you agree or disagree?题目类型：同意类It seems that nowadays parents around the world are paying increasing attention to the physical health of their children. Apart from sending the kids to sports activities, some even claim that some of the time spent on studying should be spared for sports.I support this claim.On the one hand, learning academic knowledge does play an important role in a child's future. It ensures that one can make a living even if he/she is not talented in many areas. However, that does not mean that children are supposed to do a lot of studying while doing less physical exercises. On the contrary, as playing games helps a child to stay physically fit, it is beneficial for one's learning.On the other hand, research says that children who play sports tend to be in a mentally happier state of mind than those who do not. Such research explains that sports are a form of exercise that generates what is called happiness molecules in the body, thus restoring the mental health. Forget about these theories. One can easily realise how important doing sports is to people. It enhances children's physical strengths so that they will not feel tired even after a tough day of studying. When children are so exhausted after a long period of hard work, doing some exercises will prevent them from being overwhelmed.Furthermore, making children do more sports activities may also help them develop relevant skills. Sometimes, kids who did a lot of sports may even become professional athletes.In conclusion, doing more sports is quite essential for a children living in today's era, as it secures their physical and mental health and may even turn them into competitive sports players.。
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2020年2月20日雅思阅读机经预测2020年2月20日雅思阅读真题预测
阅读想取得好成绩,同时做好两方面的复习准备，即采取两手同时
实行的原则：
1.背IPN资料阅读预测对应的内容：我们的IPN阅读机经是配套
我们最新预测，紧跟考情的。
阅读预测机经是阅读考试真题回忆，是
可能考到的题目场景，答案和单词。
阅读预测机经的作用：熟悉背景, 背诵答案，记忆单词。
阅读基本上每次考试平均是一半以上旧题，剑
桥系列的阅读是拿来练习用的，考试一般不会再考，而IPN阅读机经
才是考试内容和范围
2.剑桥6，7，8,9,10阅读文章做完后，每天精读熟读透一篇、弄
懂每个单词和句子,并记忆,能够借助剑桥解析的中文翻译和生词句子
注解，并摘取好词句,背诵默写。
最重点：
第一篇：鳄鱼、第二篇：乐观与健康、第三篇：从众现象Conformity、第四篇奥运火炬的发展、第五篇：澳洲能源、第六篇：
英国海岸线、第七篇：蝴蝶的保护色、第八篇：短信投票、第九篇：地图发展史、第十篇：火星探险、第十一篇：快乐成因、第十二篇：
苏梅克9号慧星、第十三篇：生态旅游、第十四篇：过山车、第十五篇：失落城市、第十六篇：新手与专家、第十七篇：性格与人际关系、第十八篇：沙丘、第十九篇：意大利的虐疾、第二十篇：指纹识名画;第二十一篇：郁金香; 第二十二篇：古苏格兰乌鸦造窝工具、第二十
三篇：捕捉蚂蚁
一般重点：
第一篇：沙漠温室 Rainmaker第二篇：健脑药、第三篇生物钟、
第四篇纹身、第五篇儿童的智商、第六篇：英国人对准确拼写的态
度、第七篇：Rainmaker、第八篇：修建古堡、第九篇：龙涎香与琥珀、第十篇：噪音的影响、第十一篇：天赋与练习，第十二篇：某种松树、第十三篇：美国手语、第十四篇：左右手成因;第十五篇：鸟类的智慧、第十六篇：学术道德、第十七篇：海洋发电、第十八篇：打火石的大
量生产、第十九篇：加州森林防火、第二十篇：自然节奏、第第二十
一篇：挽救鱼鹰、第二十二篇：霸王龙的最新研究、第二十三篇：What cookbooks really teach us、第二十四篇：Power and Space、
第二十五篇：清洁海滩、第二十六篇：法国古堡、第二十七篇：录音
发展史、第二十八篇：肥胖成因、第二十九篇：体育赛事与兴奋、第
三十篇：提炼饮用水
次重点：
第一篇：英国建筑、第二篇：厄尔尼诺与水鸟、第三篇：B湖研究; 第四篇：大脑训练、第五篇：幸福感与选择、第六篇：儒艮;第七篇：
清洁剂、第八篇：早期人类航海迁徙、第九篇：科幻小说、第十篇：
精益生产、第十一篇：解密记忆力、第十二篇：古头骨容貌重现、第
十三篇：生物多样性、第十四篇：茶的历史与发展、第十五篇：双胞
胎研究、第十六篇：明星员工与企业、第十七篇：新式科技对历史教
学的影响、第十八篇：天才儿童、第十九篇：失败与创新、第二十篇：电子书及数学音乐、第二十一篇：植物纯净水、第二十二篇：学习历
史的意义、第二十三篇：语言对商业的作用、第二十四篇：大象沟通
方式及构造、第二十五篇：香味猎取者Perfume hunter
A类阅读重点题型应该还是：t/f/ng ，match， summary, list
of headings, 选择题，段落信息品配,建议专项总结重点题型，增强
训练。
提醒：是非判断题t/f/ng务必注意答案规范化.阅读考不好主
要是三大原因：1.词汇量太少;2.阅读输入量少：应对当前阅读较难的
趋势，阅读量一定要够才能考出好成绩，阅读量不足永远别想提升阅
读速度(剑桥6-10+刘洪波的雅思阅读真经4，3，2---如果读完这个量，你会发现你的阅读速度贼快!);3.雅思阅读文章特点和解题技巧没掌握。
雅思阅读出题的本质是三种替换：同义词/词组替换，句型替换，语法
替换，雅思阅读提升做题速度和命中率的捷径是：a.剑桥真题中同义
替换词和考点词的掌握 b.雅思阅读文章特点和解题技巧掌握。
我有收
集整理了剑桥1-9考点同义替换词(IPN资料里面)，建议去过关记忆消化，非常实用。
阅读总的趋势是较难，虽然考生经常在阅读方面叫难，但是阅读考出来的成绩往往却是各项中的，所以大家要有信心，一方
面要增大阅读量，另外一方面增强剑桥雅思文章的熟悉和解题技巧的
熟练掌握，坚持每天挑剑桥6-10一篇文章精读+泛读/做一套的习惯，
同时在做完题目后要实行专项总结和归纳，增强考点单词，替换词和
好词句的积累。
不管考试难易，评分标准是弹性的和公平的，假如阅
读难考，那么可能做对23个是6分，假如阅读简单，那么做对25个
才得6分，所以考生要有良好的心理素质，尽力而为。
不管难易，大
家机会均等，考试成绩不一定会比较低或高，大家要做好充分的准备，增大阅读量的输入。
G类同学不单单要完成剑桥1-10的G类文章，而
且也要完成剑桥6-10A类文章，因为真正考试G类阅读难度高于剑桥
的G类文章。