跨文化交际自测试题

跨文化交际自测试题第一套考试方式：开卷（）闭卷（√）共页Part One Multiple Choice (30%)Directions:For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with four utterances underneath. Read the description on each situation with the utterances and decide which is/are the appropriate utterance(s) in that situation where communication is done in English.1. What would you respond to the teacher’s greeting at the beginning of an English class: “Good morning, everyone!”a. “Good morning, teacher!”b. “Good morning!”c. “Teacher!”d. “Morning!”2. One day, when an American lady accidentally bumped into Wei Lin. Lady: “I’m terribly sorry.” Wei:a. “It doesn’t matter.”b. “Never mind.”c. “That’s all right.”d. “Don’t worry.”3. At a bus stop. Man: “Excuse me, do you know which bus to catch for London Road, please?”Woman: “Sorry, I’ve no idea.”Man: a. “It doesn’t matter.”b. “Oh.”c. “Never mind.”d. “Thank you.”4. You have spent an afternoon with your foreign teacher, Mr. Good. You have just got to go.Mr. G ood: “Do drop around and visit us some time.” You:a. “Yes, of course, if I’m free.”b. “I will come anytime, if you like.”c. “Thank you. I will come at 7 p.m. on Monday.”d. “Thank you, I will.”5. Joyce is talking to her friend, Brenda.Joyce: “I wonder if you’d mind posting this letter for me on your way home, Brenda?”Brenda: a. “You’re welcome.”b. “I don’t care.”c. “I don’t mind.”d. “Yes, sure.”6. In a Factory, Li, the guide, is interpreting for a group of foreign guests. When they have finished visiting one workshop, he would like the group to follow him to the next workshop. He says:a. “This way, please.”b. “Come here!”c. “Follow me!”d. “Move on!”7. Li had something to tell the manager, Mr. Smith, so he went to his place, entering the room and said:a. “You’re not busy, I hope.”b. “Got a minute?”c. “Can I have a word with you, Mr. Smith?”d. “I’m terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr. Smith.”8. Suppose you are at the home of your English teacher, Mr. Savior.Mr. Savior: “We are so glad to have you with us today.” You:a. “Thank you.”b. “I’m glad to be here.”c. “I want to see you long ago.”d. “I’ve bothered you too much.”9. Xiao Ma is an interpreter. One day a foreign visitor, Mr. Brown, talks to him.Mr. Brown: “Your English is quite fluent.”Ma: a. “Thank you. It is kind of you to say so.”b. “No, not at all.”c. “No, no, my English is poor.”d. “Oh, no. Far from that, I still have a long way to go.”10. Betty is a foreign student in China. She has met Peng Fei.Betty: “I was told that you won the 100-meter race in the all-city track meet this morning. Congratulations!” Peng: a. “I could have done better if it hadn’t been so cold.”b. “Just lucky.”c. “I can’t say I did well this morning.”d. “Thank you.”11. Which topic is more appropriate to discuss immediately after an introduction?a. Politicsb. Religionc. Marital statusd. Occupation12. Mr. Timms has arrived for a meeting, which, unfortunately, has been cancelled.Mrs. Banks: “I’m terribly sorry about not letting you know soone r, Mr. Timms, but unfortunately it was cancelled at the last minutes and there simply wasn’t enough time to inform everyone.”Mr. Timms: a. “Oh, don’t let it worry you, Mrs. Banks. I quite understand.”b. “Oh, It doesn’t matter, Mrs. Banks.”c. “Oh, that’s OK, Mrs. Banks. I understand.”d. “Oh, don’t worry about it, Mrs. Banks.”13. When introduced to an older professor or to a friend’s parents, what would you say?a. “Hi! Glad to see you.”b. “Hello” and bow.c. “Hello, it’s nice to meet you”, and then sh ake hands.d. “How are you?”14. On the way to the school cinema, Li saw Professor Blake walking to the cinema, too.a. “Good afternoon, Professor Blake!”b. “Are you going to the film?”c. “Where are you going?”d. “You’re going to the film, aren’t you?”15. When introducing yourself to someone you don’t know at a party, what would you say?a. “Hi, I’m_____________.”b. “Hi, I’d like to meet you.”c. “Maybe I introduce myself to you and at the same time I make your acquaintance.”d. “Hi, I’m _____________.Do you know many people here?”Part Two Case Analysis (50%)Directions：Based on the reading Confusion, write a letter to Wu Ying’s best friend at home, write an essay with 400-500 words, explaining Wu Ying’s present feelings and giving the friend some suggestions about how she can support Wu Ying while she is going through this difficult time.ConfusionWu Ying, an English major studying at a university in US, starts out confidently. She knows that her language skills are better than those of most Chinese studying abroad. At first everything is fine, but gradually she discovers that professors do not always present material in an organized way nor do they always speak clearly. Some are from other countries and speak English with a foreign accent; some talk into their chests; and others talk so fast that she cannot keep up. They expect her to read a whole book every week for each class! Several of her courses require her to write term papers longer than her graduation thesis. The library is so big and complex and lists so many resources on the assigned topics that she wonders how she will manage to do the necessary research.Wu Ying finds she cannot understand the group conversations of her native speaking classmates. Theyuse a lot of slang, make jokes she does not understand, and convey much of their meaning with subtle gestures she cannot decode. Some treat her kindly but like an incapable child; others expect her to know everything and feel and do as they do. The way they talk about “partying” fri ghtens her. They sometimes invite her to join in their social activities, but she has neither the time nor the money to participate.In the meantime she gets letters from her family and friends at home, expressing their pride and confidence in her. Her parents tell her to work hard and take care of her health. She is already studying more hours a day than anyone she knows. Fresh fruits and vegetables are so expensive and the food in the dining hall is so unappetizing. Why don’t they have street sellers here? She would like to cut costs by cooking for herself, but the local convenience store does not sell vegetables and it takes too long to get to the supermarket by bus.She is starting to doubt her ability and the wisdom of her decision to attend graduate school abroad.Ying writes to her parents, but what she tells them is not what she really feels.Part Three Reading Comprehension (20%)Directions：Read the following passage and answer the questions.The English, as a race, are very different from all other nationalities, including their closest neighbours, the French, Belgians and Dutch. It is claimed that living on an island separated from the rest of Europe has much to do with it. Whatever the reasons, it may be fairly stated that the Englishman has developed many attitudes and habits which distinguish him from other nationalities.Broadly speaking, the Englishman is a quiet, shy, reserved person who is fully relaxed only among people he knows well. In the presence of strangers or foreigners he often seems restrained, even embarrassed. You have only to witness a city train any morning or evening to see the truth of this. Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or having a light sleep in a corner; no one speaks. In fact, to do so would seem most unusual. An Englishman, pretending to be giving advice to overseas visitors, once suggested, “On entering a railway carriage shake hands with all the passengers.” Needless to say, he was not being serious. There is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behaviour which, if broken, makes the person immediately suspect.In many parts of the world it is quite normal to show openly extremes of enthusiasm, emotion, excitement, etc. the Englishman is somewhat different. Of course, an Englishman feels no less deeply than any other nationality, but he tends to display his feelings far less. This is reflected in his use of language. Imagine a man commenting on the great beauty of a young girl. Whereas a more emotional man might desc ribe her as “an excellent jewel”, “extremely beautiful”, “precious”, the English man will flatly state “Um, she’s all right.” An Englishman who has seen a highly successful and enjoyable film recommends it to a friend by commenting, “It’s not bad, you know,” or on seeing very unusual scenery he might convey his pleasure by saying, “Nice, yes, very nice.”The overseas visitor must not be disappointed by this apparent lack of interest and involvement; he must realize that “all right”, “not bad” and “nice”, ve ry often have the sense of “first-class”, “excellent”, “beautiful”. This special use of language, particularly common in England, is known as restrained statement.Questions：1. What is your general impression of English people?2. What similarities and differences do you see in English people and Chinese people?跨文化交际自测试题第二套考试方式：开卷（）闭卷（√）共页Part One Multiple ChoiceDirections:For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with four utterances underneath. Read the description on each situation with the utterances and decide which is/are the appropriate utterance(s) in that situation where communication is done in English.1. Jack phones Xiao Song’s office. Jack: “Hello, I’d like to speak to Song Hua, please.”Song: a. “I’m Song Hua.”b. “This is Song Hua speaking.”c. “This is me.”d. “It’s me here.”2. You’ve just been asked out to dinner but you don’t want to go with the person who invited you. You might say: a. “I don’t think so. I already have plans.”b. “No, I really don’t enjoy being with you.”c. “I’m dieting so I mustn’t go out to eat.”d. “Thanks a lot but I’m busy tonight.”3. Mr. Green’s secretary, Pat Kent, went to the airport to meet Mr. Barnes for her boss.Miss Kent: a. “Excuse me, would you be Mr. Barnes?”b. “Are you Mr. Barnes?”c. “You are Mr. Barnes, aren’t you?”d. “Excuse me, would you please tell me if you are Mr. Barnes?”4. Patrick is sitting in a car with some friends. He has just asked if anyone minds him smoking. One of the friends in the car, Gillian, is allergic to smoke. What would she say?a. “No, of course not.”b. “Can’t you stay without smoking?”c. “Would you mind if I said no, Patrick?”d. “It’s not OK.”5. Wu Hua had a question to ask his foreign teacher. H e went to Professor Black’s place. After he got the answer, he got up to leave. He said: a. “Well, that’s clear—thank you very much.”b. “Well, I’ve got to go now.”c. “Thank you for your time and help.”d. “I’m afraid I must go now.”6. Miss Wells has been late for school quite recently. After class, her teacher, Professor Thyme talks to her. Prof. T.: “Er... Miss Wells, I’m sorry to have to mention this, but could you possibly try to be a little earlier in the morning? This is the third time you’ve been late this week.”Miss Wells: a. “Oh, I’m awfully sorry, Prof. Thyme, but I really will try to be on time.”b. “Oh, dear! I’m sorry, Prof. Thyme.”c. “OK. I’m sure to come earlier next time.”d. “Please excuse me this time. I won’t be late next time.”7. A and B are neighbors.A: “My cat knocked over my new vase this morning.”B: a. “What a shame.”b. “A shame.”c. “Shame on you.”d. “Shame!”8 Mrs. Brown has been spending the afternoon with an acquaintance, Mrs. Sullivan. She has just got up togo. The hostess addresses her guest as follows: a. “Are you leaving yet?”b. “Are you leaving already?”c. “Aren’t you leaving yet?”d. “Aren’t you leaving already?”9. Your friend’s mother, Mrs. Keeler, asked if you would like something to eat. What would you sa y to refuse politely?a. “No, thank you. You are so kind.”b. “Oh, no. Mrs. Keeler.”c. “No, thanks. I’ve just had lunch.”d. “I’m full and have no room for any more.”10. Tom is talking to his schoolmate, David. Tom: “How did you do on the exam, David?”David: “I barely passed. I made a hopeless mess of it. I don’t know why did so poorly.”Tom: a. “Just try to forget about it.”b. “It doesn’t matter.”c. “Cheer up.”d. “It’s not worth worrying about. You’ll do better next time.”11. If your English teacher uses a Latin word you don’t know, you might say:a. “Please repeat.”b. “I am sorry. What did you say just now?”c. Nothing and pretend that you have understood.d. “I’m sorry, I didn’t understand what you said. Could you please repeat that last word?”12. Xiao Li works as a secretary in the International Computer Engineering Corporation. One day she worked very late. Her boss said to her, “Thanks a lot. You were a big help.” Xiao Li replies:a. “It’s my pleasure.”b. “Never mind.”c. “You’re welcome.”d. “Oh. It’s nothing.”13. One of your foreign friends gives you a gift. Friend: “Here is a little something for you. I hope that you like it.” You:a. “That’s very nice of you. Oh, that’s just what I want. Thanks a lot.”b. “Oh, you really shouldn’t have gone to the expense.”c. “No, no, I really can’t accept it.”d. “Oh. I have had such a thing already.”14. In London, you want to go to the Heathrow Airport by taxi, you say to the taxi man:a. “Excuse me, would you possibly take me to Heathrow Airport?”b. “Excuse me, would you mind taking me to Heathrow Airport?”c. “Heathrow airport, please.”d. “Would you please take me to Heathrow airport?”15. After visiting a scenic spot. Tourist: “Thank you very much for what you’ve done.” Tourist guide:a. “Not at all. It was the least I could do.”b. “Not at all. It’s my duty.”c. “It was my pleasure.”d. “Never mind.”Part Two Case AnalysisDirections：Based on the reading The Homecoming, write an essay with 400-500 words, explaining what actually makes Lan different or even disappointing from the expectations of her family members for the long-awaited homecoming? What could Lan or members of her family have done to make the visit more successful?The HomecomingHong, a college student from an ordinary family from one of the smaller cities in Jiangsu Province, was wild with joy when her older sister Lan told her she would return home for a two week visit after living in the US for six years, first as a student and now as an employee of a San Francisco company. Hong remembered allthe letters and phone calls from her sister and knew that Lan had been lonely in America.Even though Lan was only going to be home for two weeks, the whole family regarded this reunion as of prime importance. Lan, too, had been looking forward to returning home for years, but until now lack of funds, rules and regulations about visas and the demands of study and work had kept her away. Even though the expense was considerable, Hong, her parents and several other relatives traveled to Shanghai to meet Lan’s plane. Once they returned home, there was a big celebration as this was the Spring Festival season as well as Lan’s homecoming.Soon, however, everyone was not as happy as they had expected. Lan was impatient when her friends and acquaintances came to visit her one after another. They wanted her to tell them story after story about her life in the US. Lan also started to complain about life in China, finding fault with the streets, department stores and television programs, among other things.“Hone, how can you bear these freezing winter days in this cold house? Only one heater is not enough. Why don’t you buy three, one for each room? ” She asked as she walked restlessly from one room to the other shivering with cold. Hon g forced a smile and said, “We cannot afford that yet, as you surely know.” Lan said nothing more but a subtle look of disdain appeared on her face.Once while cooking with her mother in the kitchen, she became annoyed with the difficulties of preparin g a meal. She said, “My goodness. The water is unbearably cold. In every American home, you can make the tap water any temperature you want. I think you should try to make your life better.” The mother looked into her daughter’s disapproving eyes, said not hing and left the kitchen in a hurry to hide her tears.Lan’s mother and father insisted that Lan buy some small gifts for her old friends and former teachers or at least invite them to a restaurant for dinner. Every time they suggested this, Lan objec ted. “Why should I spend money on them? That’s my money. I earn it and spend it as I choose. In America no one is forced to spend their money to save face for the family.” As she raised her voice, Hong could hardly believe that she was the same person who had been so kind and considerate years before. What had become of her dear elder sister?What surprised Hong most, however, was when she heard her sister talking to her American boyfriend on the phone. She knew she should respect Lan’s privacy, but she could not resist peeping through the keyhole into the next room. Shivers ran down her spine as she saw and heard her sister weeping and revealing her suffering to that American man over the telephone.On the day Lan left, Hong had mixed feelings. She was sad because she felt she and Lan now belonged to two different worlds, but she was glad that Lan was able to return to her American life, as it was clear that she now preferred the US to home.When it was time to say good-bye, Lan was confused. She did not love her family or her motherland any less, so what went wrong?Part Three Reading ComprehensionDirections：Read the following passage and answer the questions.People learn to think, feel, believe, and act as they do because of the messages that have been communicated to them, and those messages all bear the stamp of culture. This omnipresent quality of culture leads Hall to conclude that “there is not one aspect of human life that is not touched and altered by culture”. In many ways, Hall is correct: culture is everything and everywhere. And more important, at least for our purposes, culture governs and defines the conditions and circumstances under which various messages may or may not be sent, noticed, or interpreted. Remember, we are not born knowing how to dress, what toys to play with, what to eat, which gods to worship, or how to spend our money and our time. Culture is both teacher and textbook. Culture plays a dominant role in our lives. When cultures differ, communication practices may also differ. In modern society different people communicate in different ways, as do people in different societies around the world; and the way people communicate is the way they live. It is their culture. Who talks with whom? How? And about what? These are questions of communication and culture. Communication and culture are inseparable.Because culture conditions us toward one particular mode of communication over another, it is imperative that we understand how culture operates as a first step toward improving intercultural communication.As was the case with communication, many definitions have been suggested for culture. They range fromall-encompassing (包容一切的) ones (“it is everything”) to narrower ones (“it is opera, art, and ballet”), but none of them seems to be able to tell us everything about culture. The following definitions are just some of the well-known ones.“Culture may be defined as what a society does and thinks.” (Sapir, 1921)“What really binds men together is their culture --- the ideas a nd the standards they have in common.” (R. Benedict, 1935)“Culture is man’s medium; there is not one aspect of human life that is not touched and altered by culture. This means personality, how people express themselves (including shows of emotions), the way they think, how they move, how problems are solved, how their cities are planned and laid out, how transportation systems function and are organized, as well as how economic and government systems are put together and function.” (Edward T. Hall, 1959)“A culture is a collection of beliefs, habits, living patterns, and behaviors which are held more or less in common by people who occupy particular geographic areas.” (D. Brown, 1978)Questions:1. How do you understand the statement “Culture is both teacher and textbook” ?2. Among the four definitions of culture mentioned in the passage, whose definition do you prefer? And why?跨文化交际自测试题第三套考试方式：开卷（）闭卷（√）共页Part One Multiple ChoiceDirections: For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with four utterances underneath. Read the description on each situation with the utterances and decide which is/are the appropriate utterance(s) in that situation where communication is done in English.1. On the way home, a student addresses his cousin Li Ming in English:a. “Hello, cousin!”b. “Hello, Li Ming!”2. In the office of the English DepartmentAn English student studying in China is telephoning the secretary of the department.Jack: “Hello, I’d like to speak to Li Ming, please.”Song: a. “I’m Li Ming.”b. “This is me.”c. “Li Ming is speaking.”3. In the students’ dormitoryAndrew: “ Would you like to watch a football match?”Xiao Zhang: a. “I’d love to, but I’m busy at the moment.”b. “I haven’t finished my homework yet.”c. “ Excuse me, but I’m not free.”4. At a friend’s home in England. A Chinese student gives a birthday present to her English friend. Mary: “Thank you. It’s beautiful.”Xiao Zhao: a. “Really? Do you like it?”b. “Don’t mention it. It’s only a small thing.”c. “I’m glad you like it.”5. At a bus stopMan: Excuse me, do you know which bus goes to London Road, please?Woman: Sorry, I’ve no ideas.Man: a. It doesn’t matter.b. Oh.c. Thank you anyway.6. Joyce is talking to her friend, Brenda.Joyce: “Do you mind posting this letter for me on your way home, Brenda?”Brenda: a. You’re welcome.b. I don’t care.c. I don’t mind.d. No, not at all.7. In a factory, Li, the guide, is interpreting for a group of foreign guests. When they have finished visiting one workshop, he would like the group to follow him to the next workshop. He says:a. This way, please.b. Come here!c. Follow me!d. Move on!8. Li had something to tell the manager, Mr Smith. He went to his place, entered the room and said:a. You’re not busy, I hope.b. Got a minute?c. Can I have a word with, Mr Smith.d. I’m terribly sorry to trouble you, Mr.Smith.9. You’re visiting a new British friend. His house is very beautiful. Do you _______a. tell him how beautiful it is ?b. ask how much it costs?c. ask if he’ll take you round every room?10. You’ve arranged to meet a friend at 2pm. But you missed the train and you know you’ll be at least two hours late. Do you ________a. decide not to meet your friend, and phone him the next day?b. phone him, apologize and tell him you’ll be late?c. decide not to phone, and just arrive late?11. A British friend is having dinner at your house. His plate is empty. You offer him more food and he says no. Do you ___a. keep offering until he says yes?b. just put the food on his plate without asking again?c. offer once more, then give up if he says no?12. You’re at a party and have just been introduced to someone. While you are talking, he mentions that his wife is not at the party. Do you ________a. ask where his wife is?b. change the subject?c. ask if he gets on well with his wife?13. You’re in a railway carriage. A stranger is sitting beside you. It’s very hot and you’d like the window open. Do you ___a. open it without asking the other person?b. ask the other person to open the window?c. ask the other person if you can open the window?14. Mrs. Li has been having lunch with Mrs. Sullivan. Mrs. Li has just explained that she has to leave.a. Do you really have to go, Mrs.Li? Couldn’t you at least stay for another cup of coffee?b. Oh, no, you can’t.c. Oh come on. You’ve got time for one more cup of coffee, surely?d. Well, it’s still early. There’s no hurry.15. You’ve just been asked out to dinner but you don’t want to go with the person wh o invited you. You might say: a. I don’t think so. I already have plans.b. No, I really don’t enjoy being with you.c. I’m dieting so I mustn’t go out to eat.d. Thanks a lot, but I’m busy tonight.Part Two Case AnalysisDirections：Based on the reading Dinner with friends, write an essay with 400-500 words, explaining the differences in food culture contributing to the communication difficulties. What advice can you give to both couples to help them further their friendship?Dinner with FriendsJanice is a young American engineer working for a manufacturing joint venture near Nanjing. She and her husband George, who is teaching English at a university, are learning Chinese and enjoying their new life. They have been eager to get to know Chinese peopl e better so were pleased when Liu Ling, Janice’s young co-worker invited them to her home for dinner.When Janice and George arrived, Ling introduced them to her husband Yang Feng, asked them to sit down at a table containing 8 plates of various cold dishes, served them tea and then disappeared with her husband into the kitchen. After a few minutes Ling came back and added water to their tea. Janice offered to help in the kitchen but Ling said she didn’t need help. She invited the couple to look at thei r new CD player and their color TV and then disappeared again.A half-hour later she came back and sat down and the three began to eat. Yang Feng came in from time to time to put dish after hot dish on the table. Most of the food was wonderful but neither George nor Janice could eat the fatty pork in pepper sauce or the sea cucumbers, and there was much more than they could eat. They kept wishing Yang Feng would sit down so they could talk to him. Finally he did sit down to eat a bit, but quickly turned on the TV to show them all its high tech features. Soon it was time to go home.George and Janice felt slightly depressed by this experience, but returned the invitation two weeks later. They decided to make a nice American meal and felt lucky to find olives, tomato juice, crackers and even some cheese in the hotel shops. They put these out as appetizers. For the main course they prepared spaghetti and a salad with dressing made from oil, vinegar and some spices they found in the market.When Liu Ling and Yang Feng arrived they were impressed by the apartment and asked the price of the TV, video player, vacuum cleaner and other things. Janice politely refused to answer their questions. They took small tastes of the appetizers and seemed surprised when both George and Janice sat down with them. They ate only a little spaghetti and did not finish the salad on their plates. George urged them to eat more but they refused and looked around expectantly. Janice and George talked about their families and jobs and asked the Chinese couple about theirs. After a while, George cleaned the table and served coffee and pastries. Yang Feng and Ling each put four spoons of sugar into their coffee but did not drink much of it and ate only a bite or two of pastry.Af ter they left, George said that at least they had a chance to talk, but Janice was upset. “We left their place so full that we couldn’t walk and they’re going to have to eat again when they get home. What went wrong?”Part Three Reading ComprehensionDirections：Read the following passage and answer the questions.Can A Chinese Young Lady Become An American Woman?Environments significantly influence one’s cognition, effect, and behavior. One feels the impact of the different culture especially when one comes into a foreign country. Shen-Lan, who is from Taiwan, was satisfied for her first twenty-five years of life because she was surrounded by the people who have loved her and whom she has loved. Her friends used to ask her why she looked very happy all time. Even though her parents limited her behavior or activities because of social bias, she accepted those controls because she understood her parents really loved her. Also, her parents did everything for her, such as taking care of her, cooking for her and making decisions for her. She complied with what her parents expected. She had never left home before she came to America. When she came to America, culture shock obviously influenced her self-concept, self-esteem, and self-presentation.In Chinese culture, she was taught to be interdependent. She had to care not only about herself but also about the people who were around her, for example parents, siblings, and friends, even neighbors. However, in American society, she noticed that everyone was very independent, and minded his or her own business, and nobody cared about one another. Because she did not want to get hurt, she knew that she had to make some changes. In her self-concept, she changed her interdependent view to an independent view.Using a different language, the major reason for culture shock, really injured her self-esteem. Shen-Lan graduated from a well-known university in Taiwan, and she felt proud of that. When she came to America, she was supposed to be good at English, but she was not. After this realization, she tried to study hard in English to match her standards. However, she had studied English for one year, yet she did not improve greatly. She lacked self-confidence to speak English, so her self-esteem decreased.The change in self-concept and self-esteem was reflected in her self-presentation. Because Shen-Lan wanted。