考研英语逻辑连接词汇总(新)
考研英语中常见的逻辑关系词

考研英语中常见的逻辑关系词句子构造在英语知识运用中主要表达在句子间的逻辑关系上,考生需要熟知各种常见的逻辑关系词。
这些逻辑关系主要表达在一些连词、副词以及某些介词词组上。
详细可以分为以下几类:表示转折/让步关系:but, however, nevertheless, whereas, although, despite, in spite of, still表示比较或比照关系:similarly, in the same way, likewise, whereas, in contrast to, rather than表示因果关系:because, since, now that, on aount of, due to, on the ground of, aordingly, consequently, therefore, thus, hence表示并列关系:and, or表示举例与例证关系:for example, for instance, specially, such as, as follows表示强调关系:in fact, in particular, particularly, above all, undoubtedly, certainly表示顺承关系:in addition, furthermore, besides, likewise此外,逻辑关系不仅可以成为直接的考查对象,而且还可以利用这些逻辑关系寻找其他题目的解题线索。
让步关系考查举例:例:xx年英语知识运用真题的第7题7 the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matt er: that the number of the homeless is…7. [A] Now that [B] Although [C] Provided [D] Except that答案为[B] Although分析:根据选项可以得知此题是一道逻辑关系题,解此题需要判断空格所在句中主从句的逻辑关系。
英语中的逻辑关系单词句型归纳

英语中的逻辑关系单词句型归纳英语中的逻辑关系单词句型归纳1、并列关系And、andalso、or、neither...nor、either...or、likewise、similarly、equally、in the same way、as well as、same...as2、递进关系Then、also、besides、additinally、furthermore、in addition、what is more、indeed、even3、因果关系Because、for、since、as、thus、hence、therefore、so、o(such)...that、so that、consequently、according to 、due to、as a result、because of 、in that、in response to/with、for this reason、lead to 、too...to、With4、转折关系But、however、yet、on the contrary、in fact、by contrast、on the other hand、while、unfortunately、whereas、unlike、rather than 、instesd of、contrary to5、让步关系Although、though、even though、even if、nevertheless、despite、in spite of6、列举关系first-second-last of all、first-then、to begin with -to continue/next on one hand-on the other hand、for one thing、for another thing、one、another、some、others、still others7、举例关系such as、for example、for instance、of these/those/them、to illustrate、as an illustration、more specifically speaking、namely.8、总计关系in brief、in short、in a word、in general、in conclusion、altogether、to sum up、to summarize、to conclude、to generalize、to put it in one word、above all。
2020考研英语常见的8种逻辑关系词汇

【导语】时间飞逝,2020考研初试越来越近,在剩下的时间⾥该如何备考单词呢?考研英语备考最令⼤家头疼的问题之⼀莫过于背单词,在所有记单词的⽅法当中,词根词缀法是⾮常有效的⼀种。
下⾯⽆忧考整理了考研英语常见的⼋种逻辑关系词汇,来看⼀下。
常见的⼋种逻辑关系不论是阅读、完型还是作⽂,逻辑关系词的⽤法都⽆⽐重要。
1、并列关系:and, and also, or, neither…nor, either…or,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way,that is to say, as well as, same…as; 2、递进关系:then, also, besides, additionally, furthermore,moreover, in addition, what is more, indeed,even; 3、因果关系:because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore,so, so (such) … that, so that, consequently,accordingly, according to, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, in response to/with, for this reason, lead to,too…to, with; 4、转折关系:but, however, yet, on the contrary, in fact,by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately,while, whereas, unlike, rather than, instead of,contrary to; 5、让步关系:although, though, even though, even if,nevertheless, despite, in spite of; 6、列举关系:first-second-last of all, first-then,to begin with-to continue/next,on one hand-on the other hand,for one thing-for another thing,one-another, some-others-still others; 7、举例关系:such as, for example, for instance,of these/those/them, say,among these/those/them,to illustrate, as an illustration,to take an example,more specifically speaking, namely; 8、总结关系:in all, in brief, in short, in a word, in general,in conclusion, altogether, to sum up,to summarize, to conclude, to generalize,to put it in one word, above all.。
考研英语-逻辑连接词

常见逻辑衔接词总结一.衔接词从作用上主要分为以下四类:起、承、转、合。
1.表示“起”的词语,用于开篇引出扩展句:at first最初firstly 第一at the very beginning 起初in the beginning 起初first of all 首先at present现在,当今presently 现在,此刻lately/recently最近currently 最近,目前to begin with/in thefirst place/to startwith首先,第一for one thing…(foranother) 首先…(其次)…in general一般说来generally speaking一般说来on the whole 总的说来on the one hand…(onthe other hand)一方面…(另一方面)it goes withoutsaying…不用说it is said that…据说a proverb goes well…俗话说的好2.表示“承”的词语,用来承接上文:at the same time同时after a while 过了一会儿meanwhile 同时by this time 此时after / after that / afterwards 此后from now on 从此later 后来after a few days / years 几天/几年后at any rate 无论如何besides/in addition 此外furthermore/moreoverwhat’s more此外,而且in addition to…除…之外for another其次certainly 无疑地,当然地of course 当然obviously 明显的indeed 的确consequently因此,结果for example/forinstance 例如such as 正如in fact 事实上in the same manner /way 同样的similarly同样的in particular/particularly 特别的in other words换句话说for this purpose为了这个目的incidentally顺便提一句3.表示“转”的词语,用来表示不同或相反的意见:after all毕竟anyway 无论如何but 但是by this time此时even though 即使though/althoug尽管despite 尽管…虽然…nonetheless尽管如此in fact事实上as a matter of fact 事实上especially 特别地…in particular特别地fortunatel幸运地…unfortunately不幸地in other words 换句话说in spite of尽管…虽然in the same way 同样地luckily幸运地whereas…然而yet 然而,但是nevertheless 不过,虽然如此no doubt无疑地in / by contrast 对比之下on the contrary相反地conversely 相反地on the other hand另一方面otherwise 否则perhaps或许unlike 不像…,和…不同4.表示“合”的词语,用来小结上文或结束本段落的内容:accordingly于是as a consequenc因此consequently因此hence因此therefore因此thus 因此as a result 结果as has been stated 如前所述as above mentioned 如上如述as I have said如我所述at last 最后at length最后,终于eventually 最后finally最后briefly简单扼要的in brief简言之in short 简言之in summary 简要地说in conclusion总之,最后in a word总之in sum 总之,简言之to sum up 总而言之to summarize总而言之to conclude总而言之all in all总而言之on the whole 总的来说by and large 一般来说above all最重要to speak frankly坦白地说frankly speaking坦白地说surely 无疑no doubt毫无疑问undoubtedly无疑certainly无疑,肯定truly的确for this reason所以obviously 显然by doing so 如此二.衔接词从逻辑意义上主要分为以下十四类:◆ 1. 表次序关系first(ly) / first of allFirst(ly) / First of all, “A good book is a good friend.”above allAbove all, remember to finish the work today.second(ly) / in the second place Second(ly) / In the second place, knowledge is power.furthermoreFurthermore, a little learning is a dangerous thing.moreoverMoreover, it’s never too late to learn.finallyFinally, “T o open a book is always beneficial.”last but not leastLast but not least, wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.lastlyLastly, “He laughs best who laughs last.”in the endIn the end, the president made a farewell speech.eventuallyEventually, the man was released from the prison.to concludeTo conclude, lost time is never found again.◆ 2. 表举例关系for exampleThe government has reduced spending in several areas, for example, education and health. for instanceYou can’t depend on her, for instance, she arrived late for an important meeting yesterday. such asHe has some strange hobbies such as collecting bottles.a case in pointThere are many tourist attractions in Nanjing. Dr.Sun Yetsen’s Mausoleum is a case in point.as followsThe reasons are as follows. includingThere are five people, including two babies.as an illustrationHe is a kind person, as an illustration, he is always ready to help others.to illustrateTo illustrate, I will give you many examples.◆ 3. 表转折关系butPatience is bitter, but its fruit is sweet .howeverIt’s raining hard. However, I think we should go out.yetShe’s a funny girl, yet you can’t help liking her.thoughHe spoke firmly though pleasantly.even thoughEven though it’s hard work, I enjoy it.althoughAlthough he is young, he knows a lot.even soIt’s raining. Even so, we have to go out.regardless ofThe plane will take off, regardless of the weather.whileTheir country has plenty of oil, while ours has none. at the same timeThis little girl can be very naughty but at the same time you can’t help liking her.despiteHe came to the meeting despite his illness.in spite ofI have to go to school in spite of the bad weather.stillIt’s raining. Still, I have to go out.neverthelessI can’t go. Nevertheless, thank you for inviting me. notwithstandingNotwithstanding any other agreements, we will make a new contract with the firm. otherwiseThe soup was too salty, but otherwise the meal was excellent. on the contraryI thought he was a teacher, on the contrary, he was a student.◆ 4. 表递进关系in additionHe needs our help. In addition, he requires emotional support. additionallyI like playing chess, additionally, surfing the Internet is also my favorite. besides/alsoA qualified teacher should have good manners. Beside, he should have extensive knowledge.as wellThe book tells about Mark Twain’s writings and about his life as well.moreoverThe price is too high, andmoreover, the house isn’t in a suitable position.furthermore / furtherThe house is too small, and furthermore, it’s too far from the city.likewiseYou must pack warm clothes for the journey.Likewise, you’ll need plenty of food.that is ( to say ) /in other words Your performance in the exam didn’t reach the required standard, that is ( to say ) /in other words, you failed.equally importantTo run a company successfully, we should employ employees with a high sense of responsibility, and equally important, meet every need of the customers.what’s moreHe is handsome, and what’s more, he is humorous.not only…but alsoThe weather was not only cold, but also wet.last but not leastLast but not least, I appreciate all your help.◆ 5. 表过渡关系as to /forYou can have a bed, but as for her, she’ll have to sleep on the floor.by the wayBy the way, what channel did you watch on television last night? concerningConcerning your request, I am pleased to inform you that…talking ofTalking of chemistry, he knows much about it. with reference toWith reference to any other problems during your study here, please let me know.with regard toWith regard to your future, you should make your own decision. as regardsI don’t quite agree with you as regards your idea.regardingIt’s a book regarding energy. incidentallyI have to go now. Incidentally, if you want to borrow the book, I’ll bring it next time.◆ 6. 表同位关系that isThere are two girls, that is Lily and Lucy.that is to sayShe is a very efficient secretary, that is to say, she never forgets anything or makes a mistake. namelyWe visit two famous cities, namely New York and London.in other wordsYou can’t imagine who will be killed finally. In other words, this movie has a dramatic ending.◆ 7. 表推理关系if soIf so, you will win.if notSay you are sorrow, if not, get out now.or elseWear your coat, or else you’ll be cold.otherwiseDo it now. Otherwise, it will be too late.under such circumstancesShe may come to Shanghai, under such circumstances, you should stay here.to put it more preciselyHe has much money, to put it more precisely, he is wealthy.◆ 8. 表因果关系because(of)I went back not because of the bad weather, but because I was feeling uncomfortable.henceVery few people attended the meeting. Hence, we couldn’t make a decision.thusI’ve never been to America. Thus, I know very little about it. sinceSince you can’t help me, I will ask someone else.now thatNow ( that ) David’s arrived, we can begin.so thatHe speaks loudly so that everyone in the room could hear him.on account ofWe had to stay inside on account of the rain.consequentlyThe rain was heavy and consequently the land was flooded.as a resultHe worked very hard, and as a result he passed the last examination without effort.as a result ofHe was killed as a result of traffic accident.accordinglyThere are the rules. Please act accordingly. thereforeI don’t know much about America, therefore, I can’t advise you about it.so long asYou could make it so long as you work hard.soI was feeling bad, so I went to bed.owing toOwing to lack of money, these transactions must now be delayed. due toHis failure was due to his lack of work.thanks toThanks to his help, she succeeded in her career.◆ 9. 表比较关系insteadIt’s too wet to walk, so we’ll go swimming instead.whileThey have much money, while we have very little.equallyAs a teacher, you should teach well, but equally, you should remember to study yourself.in comparison(with)In comparison with Shanghai, Nanjing is small.in the same wayIt is such a coincidence that we work the math problem out in the same way.in contrast with/toIn contrast with / to your belief that we’ll fail, I know we will succeed.on the contraryBefore I took my new job, I thought that I would like it; on thecontrary, when I started it, I found it was terribly uninteresting.in/by contrastIt was cold yesterday, but in contrast it’s very hot today.◆ 10. 表解释关系namelyOnly one person can do the job, namely you.as a matter of factShe doesn’t want to make friends with John, as a matter of fact, she hates him.in other wordsThey don’t have an extra bike for you, in other words, you should buy one yourself.in this caseIn this case, I will go home. frankly speaking / to be frank Frankly speaking / To be frank, I don’t like you.◆ 11. 表强调关系of courseOf course I love you.indeedI am indeed very glad to hear from you soon.above allAbove all, you should remember that where there is a will, there is a way.most importantMost important, it is the best book for beginners.with great emphasis(on)He delivered a speech with great emphasis on the education.in factIn fact, you are wrong.◆ 12. 表选择关系rather thanIn fact, Lily should be praised rather than John.alternativelyYou may go home. Alternatively, you can stay here.instead ofYou should be at school instead of lying here in bed.not…butHe is not a teacher but a student. whether…orPlease tell me whether or not you like it.either…orThe baby will be either a boy or a girl.neither…norNeither my mother nor I were there.◆ 13. 表时间关系after a whileAfter a while, he came back sadly. at lengthAt length he give his daughter leave to take a trip alone.at that timeAt that time, I didn’t know her. eventuallyEventually we won the game. finallyFinally he gave to the public pressure.in the pastIn the past, he was poor. meanwhileThey’ll be here in an hour. Meanwhile, we’ll have some coffee.presentlyThey are presently in the United States.so farSo far, he has been to Japanese more than 10 times.soonThe work will be finished soon.sinceSince when has he had a beard?whenI jumped up when she called.thenWe’ll be married by then.untilWait until tomorrow.until nowThey have not taken effective measures until now.◆ 14. 表总结关系in sumIn sum, the decision is to go ahead as planned.in summaryIn summary, we’ve got to try to get further funding.to sum up / summarizeTo sum up, he is a kind person.in conclusionIn conclusion, “A friend without faults will never be found.”to concludeTo conclude, study is the salt of life.on the wholeOn the whole, it is easier to get money than to keep it.in allIn all, “A good beginning is half done.”all in allAll in all, we must fulfill the task on time.in shortIn short, health is happiness.in briefIn brief, health is better than wealth.in a wordIn a word, “A good fame is better than a good face.”。
考研英语二完形核心逻辑关系考点汇总

考研英语二完形核心逻辑关系考点汇总导语:逻辑关系的考察是英语二完形填空考察的重点,理解了文章段与段、句与句之间的关系有助于理解整篇文章的中心思想。
现将真题中出现过的重要逻辑关系总结如下:1. 顺承关系常见连词:and ;also; sure enough; likewise2014.3For example, heavier women are less likely to develop calcium deficiency than thin women. 3 , among the elderly, being somewhat overweight is often an 4 of good health.3. [A]. Instead [B]. However [C]. Likewise [D]. Therefore【答案】C解析:[A] Instead 相反 [B] However 然而 [C] Likewise 同样 [D] Therefore 因此此题句意:较重的女人患缺钙的比例低于较瘦的女人。
_____,在老年人中,一定程度上超重……。
此题考查上下文逻辑,需要填入的是和前半句表示顺接的词语。
A、B选项都表示转折,D选项表示因果关系,只有C选项表示顺承关系,因此正确答案为C。
2. 递进关系常见连词:indeed; in fact;even;further ; in particular ; in turn 2014.1717 very young children tend to look down on the overweight, and teasing about body build has long been a problem in schools.17. [A]. Even [B]. Still [C]. Yet [D]. Only【答案】A解析:[A] Even 甚至 [B] Still 仍然 [C] Yet 然而 [D] Only只有此题句意:_____小孩子都蔑视超重,而且对身材的嘲笑一直是学校的一个问题。
考研英语写作最常用词汇有什么

考研英语写作最常用词汇有什么考研英语常见的八种逻辑关系词汇常见的八种逻辑关系不论是阅读、完型还是作文,逻辑关系词的用法都无比重要。
1、并列关系:and, and also, or, neither…nor, either…or,likewise, similarly, equally, in the same way,that is to say, as well as, same…as;2、递进关系:then, also, besides, additionally,furthermore,moreover, in addition, what is more, indeed,even;3、因果关系:because, for, since, as, thus, hence, therefore,so, so (such) … that, so that, consequently,accordingly, according to, due to, thanks to, as a result, because of, in that, in response to/with,for this reason, lead to,too…to, with;4、转折关系:but, however, yet, on the contrary, in fact,by contrast, on the other hand, unfortunately,while, whereas, unlike,rather than, instead of,contrary to;5、让步关系:although, though, even though, even if,nevertheless, despite, in spite of;6、列举关系:first-second-last of all, first-then,to begin with-to continue/next,on one hand-on the other hand,for one thing-for another thing,one-another, some-others-still others;7、举例关系:such as, for example, for instance,ofthese/those/them, say,among these/those/them,to illustrate, as an illustration,to take an example,more specifically speaking, namely;8、总结关系:in all, in brief, in short, in a word, in general,in conclusion, altogether, to sum up,to summarize, to conclude, to generalize,to put it in one word, above all.英语大纲发布后各题型备考攻略一、归纳并分类题型前面谈到单词,我重点强调这个阶段开始进行题型的归纳和分类。
(完整版)英语阅读逻辑关系词

英语阅读逻辑关系词1.因果关系过渡词语:…and so…; another important factor/reason…; as a consequence; as a result; as; because; because of; being that; consequently; due to; for the reason that; for the same reason; for; hence; for this reason; in consequence; in that…; in view of; owing to; since; so;…so that…; the reason seems obvious; there are about…; therefore; thus; obviously; evidently2.并列关系过渡词语:and; also; as well as; both…and…; either…or…; neither…nor…; not only…but also…; in the same way; too3.序列关系过渡词语:first…, second…, third…, and so forth; A…, B…, C…, and so forth; next; then; following this; at the same time; now; at this point; after; afterwards; subsequently; finally; previously; before this; simultaneously; concurrently; thus; therefore; hence; next; and then; soon4.递进关系过渡词语:accordingly; as a popular saying goes…; as far as…is concerned; at the same time; besides; even; further; furthermore; in addition; in order to…; in other words; in the first place…, in the second plac e…; in this way; meanwhile; moreover; not only…, but also…; not…but…; lastly; for one thing…, for another…5.时间关系过渡词语:afterwards; as soon as; at last; before; eventually; every; first; first of all; first and foremost; for a start; meanwhile; in the meantime; while; now; next; not…until; later; formerly; previously;prior to; since then; since; subsequently; till; to begin with; to start with; when; then6.转折关系过渡词语:yet; but; unless; despite that; in spite of; though; although; although this may be true; even so; even though; however; sometimes; once in a while; independent of; reckless of; regardless of7.条件关系过渡词语:as long as; even if; even though; if it necessary; if not all; if possible; if so; if; lest; once; provided that; unless8.重复关系过渡词语:in brief; as I have said; as I have noted; as has been noted; as is mentioned above9.比较关系过渡词语:apart from; by the same token; compared with; in comparison with; in the same vein; like; likewise; rather than; similarly; simil arly important; equally; when compared with; when in fact…10.举例关系过渡词语:a good example would be; for example; for instance; in this case; in another case; on this occasion; in this situation; take the case of; to demonstrate; to illustrate; according to; as an illustration; as for; as regards; as to; in particular; including; namely; notably; such as; like; take…as an example; you may say…11.对比关系过渡词语:after all; as opposed to; balanced against; up against; vis a vis; where; conversely; on the one hand…on the other hand…; contrary to; conversely; unlike; different from this; however; in contrast; nevertheless; on the contrary; oppose to; whereas; while12.强调关系过渡词语:definitely; extremely; obviously; absolutely; positively; naturally; surprisingly; always; forever; perennially; eternally; emphatically; never; unquestionably; without a doubt; certainly; surely; undeniably; without reservation; believe it or not; especially; particularly; in particular; specifically; in fact; as a ma tter of fact; actually; in deed; moreover; not to mention…; what is more important; notably; that is13.总结关系过渡词语:accordingly; altogether; as a result; consequently; hence; in one word; in brief; in short; in other words; in summary; on the whole; in conclusion; overall; the conclusion can be safely drawn that…; therefore; to conclude; to sum up; summing up; as I have shown; as I have said; all in all。
考研英语逻辑关系词,代词,和文章结构词(DOC)

考研英语逻辑关系词,代词,和文章结构词(DOC)1.五类逻辑关系(前三类常考为核心,后二类为非核心):第一类逻辑关系词:转折,让步,对比(本质:不一致)(1). 转折,对比:however, but, nonetheless, nevertheless, yet*,though*, whereas*, while*, still*(但是),conversely, contrarily, contrary to, to the contrary, on the contrary, by contrast, in contrast, in comparison(相反地), compared with (与…相比), unlike(不像), excluding, save, except, except that, except for, other than,barring*, aside from*, apart from*(不包括)(2). 让步:even if, even though, despite, in spite of, granted that, granting that, albeit, notwithstanding, although,though*, whereas*, while*(尽管), (but) even so, (but) even now, (but) even then(尽管如此), regardless of, irrespective of, regardless,even*(即使)(3). 转折,让步,对比:while*(尽管,然而)(4). 对比:instead, instead of, rather than, prefer to(与其做…不如做…), either…or…(或者…或者…),neither…nor…(既不…也不…), other, another(其它),some…,others…(一些…另一些…);some…most…(一些…大部分…);some…the remaining(一些…剩余的…);the former…the latter…(前者…后者…); on (the)one hand…on the other hand…; on (the) one side…on the other side…(一方面…另一方面…); some…others…still others…(一些…另一些…再一些…); against (相对)类逻辑词:no, not, without, hardly, rarely, seldom, barely, scarcely, less(否定功能), stop, cease(停止), firstly, at first, previously(曾经), in effect, in fact, as a matter of fact, actually(其实), oppose, against(反对), comparison, contrast(对比), interestingly(有趣的是), ironically(讽刺的是), (un)fortunately(不幸的是), than(比较级), anyway, anyhow(无论如何,不顾),第二类逻辑关系词:并列,递进,举例(本质:一致)并列:and(和), or(或者), also, as well as, as well, too(也), equally, similarly, alike, likewise, similar to(与…相似), consistent with, parallel with(与…一致), aside from*, apart from*, besides, including(包括), still*(仍然), according to(根据), as*, like*, as if, as though(像,如), the way(按…的方式), as usual(像通常那样)递进:furthermore, moreover, additionally, in addition, in addition to, what’s more(并且), aboveall(最重要的是), indeed(的确), even*(甚至), not only…but (also)…not simply…but (also)(不仅…而且…), more importantly, more significantly(更重要的是), still*, yet*, even*(更,后加比较级)举例总分:for example, for instance, such as, like*(例如), of, among, in, between(在这些当中…)举例分总:on the whole, in short, in brief, in conclusion, in summary, in a word, in a nutshell, toconclude, to sum up, all in all, generally, in general, overall,over all(总而言之), eventually, finally, lastly, at last(最终) 举例的分: firstly, at first, first and foremost, in the first place, to begin with, to start with(第一),secondly, in the second place, in the meanwhile*, meanwhile*, simultaneously* (与此同时) ,then*(然后), 递进词(第二), thirdly(第三)…类逻辑词:并列:“,”, “;” , “—” , “()” , namely, viz., that is, or rather, in other words, put another way(即),this/it mean, this/it refer to, this/it signify, this/it suggest,this/it imply, this/it indicate, this/itconveys, this/it infer, this/it demonstrate, this/it show, this/it illustrate, this/it display, this/ itmanifest, this/ it depict, this/it boil down to…(这意味着, 这指的是), call sth. sth., regard sth. sth. (宾语补足语), 同位语, 同位语从句, same(相同), again, once more(再次), still*(仍然,用于肯定句), yet*(仍然,用于否定句), continue(继续),be动词(是), at theleast(至少), at the most(至多), beregarded as, be considered as, be believed as, be envisioned as…(被看作)举例:“:”, e.g., include, including(包括), 数词+名词, all these(所有这些), conclusion, summary(总结)第三类逻辑关系词:原因,结果,目的(本质:因果), because of, on the ground of, 原因:because, as*, for*, given, considering, now that, in that, since*in view of, in (the) light of, by virtue of, as a result of, as a consequence of, on account of, due to, owing to, thanks to(因为), after all(毕竟), for fear of/that,lest(由于害怕, 唯恐)结果:therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly(因此), consequently, in consequence, as a result, thereby(结果是), so…that…, such…that…(如此…以至于…)目的:for*, so that, such that, in order to, so as to(为了), incase*(以防), to(为了)提示词:explanation(n.), explain(v.), account for(解释), justify, prove(证明), reason(n.), cause(n.,v.),account(原因)problem(问题), causal(adj.), resulting(adj.)(结果的), influence(n.), implication effect(n.)(影响), consequence(n.),result(n.)(结果), why(为什么), result from(导致于), root in,originate from, launched by, follow(来源于), raise, incur, arouse, affect, result in, bring about, lead to(导致), provoke, spur, urge, force, drive, stir, prompt(刺激,激起), make(使得), attribute A to B, owe A to B(把A归因于B), A be put down to B(A被归因于B), A be in response to B, A as a reaction to B(A是B的反应), the problem of A(A的问题在于…), by(通过…手段),to(为了)第四类逻辑关系词:时间(本质:时间)时间:after(在…后), thereafter(此后), before(在…前), between,during(在…间), later(后来), by,until(直到…), in the meanwhile*, meanwhile*, simultaneously* (与此同时), since, ever since,ever after(自从), even as(正当…时候), whenever(每当), then*(然后,那时), as*, while*, when*,whilst, once(当), henceforth, from now on(从今以后), until now, hitherto, so far, to date(至今为止)第五类逻辑关系词:条件(本质:条件)条件:unless, barring*, otherwise, or else(除非), when*, in case*, in case of(在…情况下), oncondition that, as long as, so long as,providing, provided, suppose, supposing, if(如果), only if(只有当), if only(如果是…就好了)----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------有一个以上功能的词:even; after all; still; yet; for; in case; aside from; apart from; while;as; like; since; barring; in the meanwhile; meanwhile; then; since; when; whereas, simultaneously易混淆的词:so…that(结果)/so that(目的); such…that(结果)/suchthat(目的);accordingly(结果)/according to(并列); only if/if only(条件)/evenif/even though(让步)/as if/asthough(并列); in case(条件,目的)/in case of(条件); though(让步,转折)/although(让步)2. 代词第一类:he(him, his, his), she(her, her, hers), it(it, its, its), they(them, their, theirs) 第二类:this, that, these, those 第三类:the former, the latter第四类:other, another, else第五类:so, such第六类:then第七类:some, a few, a little, many, much, something, anything, nothing, none 第八类:here, there第九类:the previous, the last, the latest, the next, the subsequent3. 文章结构词第一类:ago, before, past, previously, at first, firstly, once, old, traditional, conventional 第二类:now, nowadays, today, these days, these weeks, these months, these years, these decades,presently, lately, new第三类:no longer, no more, not any more, change, alter, until, subsequently, after 第四类:still, yet, so far, up to now, hitherto, to this day4. 等于号be动词, 代词,并列逻辑关系词和提示词,举例逻辑关系词和提示词5. 提问词直接表达:means, show, reveal, demonstrate, signify, depict, indicate 间接表达:imply, infer, suggest, hint, connote。
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英语连接词连接词的意义分类表递进moreover, in addition, what is more,furthermore, also, then, besides, etc.表转折however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, etc.表层次on the one hand, ... on the other hand; first, ... second, ... finally;表强调firstly, ... secondly, ... finally ...; first, ... then ... etc.表强调in fact, indeed, actually, as a matter of fact, obviously, apparently,表结果evidently, first of all, undoubtedly, without any shadow of doubt, etc.表结尾therefore, as a result, then, consequently, accordingly, thus, etc.表例举in a word, in conclusion, therefore, in short, to sum up, etc.表强调still, Indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially. Obviously, clearly.表比较like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.表对比by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.表列举for example, for instance, such as, take ...for example. Except (for), to illustrate.表时间later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during, nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards, temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. first after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on表顺序first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.表可能presumably, probably, perhaps.表解释in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.表递进What is more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.表让步although, after all, in spite of..., despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.表转折however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on the other hand, unfortunately. whereas表原因for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.表结果as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.表总结on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, tosummarize, in short.其他类型连接词Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case,表空间near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of表举例for example to name a few, say , such as表递进in addition furthermore what’s more what’s worse表对比whereas while as opposed to by contrast by comparison表示时间与频率的词汇:in general, every, some, after, on the whole, usually, most,at other times, in most cases, frequently, main, finally, as a rule, rarely, before, meanwhile.表示附加的词:additionally, as well as, just as, again, along with, also, further, furthermore, likewise, in the same manner, in the same way, in addition to,引出例子:for example, namely, for instance, as an example, that is表示转折:although, instead, rather than, but, nevertheless, though, however, on the other hand, otherwise得出结论:all in all, in consequence, in brief, as a result, the point is, in conclusion, therefore, hence, in sum.表示增加的过渡词:also,and,and then,too,in addition,furthermore,moreover,again,on top of that,another,first second third等。
表示时间顺序的过渡词:now,then,before,after,afterwards,earlier,later,immediately,soon,next,in a few days,gradually,suddenly,finally等。
表示空间顺序的过渡词:near(to),far(from),in front of,behind,beside,beyond,above,below,to the right (left),around,outside等。
表示比较的过渡词:in the same way,just like,just as等。
表示对照的过渡词:but,still,yet,however,on the other hand,on the contrary,in spite of,even though等。
表示结果和原因的过渡词:because,since,so,as a result,therefore,hence,thus,otherwise等。
表示目的的过渡词:for this reason,for this purpose,so that等。
表示强调的过渡词:in fact,indeed,surely,necessarily,certainly,without any doubt,truly,to repeat,above all,most important等。
表示解释说明的过渡词:for example,in fact,in this case,for actually等。
表示总结的过渡词:finally,at last,in conclusion,as I have shown,in other word,in brief,in short,in general,on the whole,as has been stated等增补(Addition)in addition, furthermore, again, also, besides, moreover, what’s more, similarly, next, finally.比较(Comparison) in the same way, likewise, similarly, equally, in comparison, just as对照(Contrast) whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, instead, however, nevertheless, unlike, even though, on the contrary, while因果(Cause and effect) because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result (of), accordingly, hence, so, thus强调(Emphasis) certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most important6.让步(Concession) although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification) for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.总结(Conclusion) to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nut shell, in summary推断(Inference) therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise时间和空间(Time and space) afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyond, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of表示罗列增加(递进)first, second, third, firstly, secondly, thirdly, first, then / next, after that / next, finally / last / last but not least, and equally important, on (the) one hand…, on the other hand…, besides / what’s more / in addition (to sth.) / furthermore / moreover / another / also / too, plus, as well, especially / particularly / in particular表示时间顺序now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, at the beginning (of sth.), to begin with, to start withlater, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly = all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the moment…, form now on, from then on, graduallyat the same time = meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as, during表示解释说明now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, in fact / as a matter of fact / actually, frankly speaking, in other words, in simpler terms, that is to say, to put it differently表示转折关系but, however, while, though, yet, still, nevertheless, or, otherwise, on the contrary / on the other hand, in spite of… / despite the fact that…, even though, except (for), instead, in stead of, of course, after all, even so表示并列关系or, and, also, too, not only … but also…, as well as, both… and…, either …or…, neither…nor…表示因果关系原因:because, because of = thanks to… = due to… = owing to…, since = now that, as, for,结果:so, therefore, thus, hence, as a result (of), on this / that account, so…that, such…that, in this way表示条件关系as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless表示让步关系though,although,as,even if,even though,whether …or…,however,whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where)表示举例for example, for instance, such as…, like…, take… for example表示比较be sim ilar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)…, just like表示目的for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order that, in order to, so as to,表示强调indeed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all表示概括归纳in a word, in short, in brief, in summary, on the whole, generally speaking, in general, in my opinion, as far as I am concerned, as what has been mentioned, to sum up, to conclude, in conclusion表示“尤有进者”的意思:Again, also, then, besides, further, furthermore, moreover, next, in addition等,如:① Jason teaches diligently. Besides, he writes a lot.② English is a useful language. For one thing, it is an official language in the UN. Then, it is widely used in business, science and technology.表示“反意见”:But, however, still, yet, after all, for all that, in spite of, on thecontrary, on the other hand等,如:③ Jim is intelligent but lazy.④ Singapore is not a big country. On the contrary, it is very small.表示“困果关系”:Therefore, so, hence, thus, accordingly, consequently, as a result 等,如:⑤ Some people are over-ambitious. As a result, they are usually unhappy.⑥ Tom did not work hard; hence, he failed.表示“比较关系”:Likewise, similarly, in a like manner 等,如:⑦ You cannot writes without a pen. Likewise, you cannot cook without rice.⑧ No one is allowed to speak Mandarin in an English class. Similarly, no one is allowed to speak English in a Mandarin class.表示“举例示范”:For example, in other words, for instance, that is 等,如:⑨ There are some common errors in his composition. For instance, it is wrong to use "he" to replace "the queen".表示“结束”:To sum up, in brief, in short, on the whole, to conclude 等,如:⑩ Some say Singapore is a nice place to live in. Others say it is not so nice. It is too competitive. In short, some like Singapore; some do not.并列关系and, furthermore, more than that, also, likewise, moreover, in addition, what is more, for instance, for example转折关系although, however, on the contrary, but, in spite of, nevertheless, yet, otherwise, despite顺序关系first, second, third, and so on, then, after, before, next因果关系as a result, for, thus, because, for this reason, so, therefore, as, since, consequently, on account of归纳关系as a result, finally, therefore, accordingly, in short, thus, consequently, in conclusion, so, in brief, in a word几个用得比较多的句子:As far as I am concerned, the advantages of … outweigh its disadvantages. Nevertheless, the disadvantages of … is undeniable.To sum up/ In general/ On the whole/ In brief/ In short/ In a word, it is true that … bring about both positive and negative results. But we can try our best to reduce the negative influence to the least extent.Obviously, in every aspect, …This diagram unfolds a clear comparison between…and…As to the other three, though the growth rates were not so high, they were indeed remarkable and impressive.表层进\表举例\表解释\表总结\表强调\表让步\表比较\表转折\表时间\表层进first, firstly to begin with second, secondly to start withthird, thirdly what’s morealso and thenand equally importantbesides in additionfurther in the first placestill furthermorelast last but not the leastnext besidestoo moreoverfinally2. 表举例for example for instanceto illustrate as an illustrationafter all3. 表解释as a matter of fact frankly speakingin this case namelyin other words4. 表总结in summary in a wordin brief in conclusionto conclude in factindeed in shortin other words of courseit is true speciallynamely in allthat is to summarizethus as has been saidaltogether in other wordsfinally in simpler termsin particular that ison the whole to put it differentlytherefore5. 表强调of course indeedabove all most importantemphasis certainly in fact6. 表让步still neverthelessin spite of all the sameeven so after allconcession granted naturallyof course7. 表比较in comparison likewisesimilarly equallyhowever likewisein the same way8. 表转折by contrast althoughat the same time butin contrast neverthelessnotwithstanding on the contraryon the other hand otherwiseregardless stillthough yetdespite the fact that even soeven though for all thathowever in spite ofinstead9. 表时间after a while afterwardagain alsoand then as long asat last at lengthat that time beforebesides earliereventually finallyformerly furtherfurthermore in additionin the first place in the pastlast latelymeanwhile moreovernext nowpresently secondshortly simultaneouslysince so farsoon stillsubsequently thenthereafter toountil until nowwhen总结关系过渡词语in general, to some extent, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, in brief, on the whole比较对比关系过渡词语similarly, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless列举关系过渡词语as a case in point, such as, first of all, to begin with, furthermore, besides, in addition, for one thing, for another因果关系过渡词语because (of), since, for, owing to, thanks to, as a result of, consequently, for the reason that, therefore, hence让步关系过渡词语although, even though, in spite of, despite强调关系过渡词语surely, obviously, particularly, in deed, needless to say, most important of all递进关系in addition, also, moreover, besides,what's more时间顺序immediately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, while方式手段as, as if, the way,by目的关系so that, lest,in order that1)表层次:First ,firstly, to begin with, further, in the first placesecond, secondly, to start with, still, furthermorethird, thirdly, what is more, last, last but not leastalso, and then, next, besidesand equally important too moreoverbesides in addition finally2)表转折;by contrast although though yetat the same time but despite the fact that even soin contrast nevertheless even though for all thatnotwithstanding on the contrary however in spite ofon the other hand otherwise instead stillregardless3)表因果;therefore consequently because of for the reasonthus hence due to owing toso accordingly thanks to on this accountsince as on that account in this wayfor as a result as a consequence4)表让步:still nevertheless concession granted naturallyin spite of all the same of course despiteeven so after all5)表递近:furthermore moreover likewise what is morebesides also not only...but also...too in addition6)表举例:for example for instance for one thing that isto illustrate as an illustration a case in point7)表解释:as a matter of fact frankly speaking in this case namelyin other words8)表总结:in summary in a word thus as has been saidin brief in conclusion altogether in other wordsto conclude in fact finally in simpler termsindeed in short in particular that isin other words of course on the whole to put it differentlynamely in all therefore to summarize表并列补充关系: what is more, besides, also, as well, moreover, furthermore, in addition表转折对比关系: but, however, yet, instead, on the other hand, on the contrary, although, different from, in contrast to, despite, in spite of, whereas, un?鄄like, nevertheless, not only...but also, here...there, years ago...today, this...that, the former...the latter, then...now, the first...whereas the second, once...now, on the one hand...on the other , some...others表因果关系: since, as, because (of), for, so, thus, therefore, as a result, so that表条件关系: if, on the condition (that), as long as, unless, or else表时间关系: when, after, before, until, as soon as, later, afterwards, soon, lately, recently, since, from then on, eventually, in the meantime, then, suddenly, at the same time, next, early this morning/year/century, after an interval, now, after, presently, later, after?鄄ward, somewhat later, finally, at last, all of a sudden表特定的顺序关系: above all, first of all, firstly, first, secondly, the , next, finally, in the end, at last表换一种方式表达: in other words, that is to say, to put it another way表举例说明: for instance, for example, like, such as表陈述事实: in fact, actually, as a matter of fact, to tell you the truth表总结: on the whole, in short, all in all, general, in a word, in conclusion, in closing, in summary。