-阅读理解及答案详解
初中英语阅读理解训练及参考答案(通用9篇)
初中英语阅读理解训练及参考答案（通用9篇）中考英语阅读理解及解析篇一Advertisers Perform a Useful Service to the CommunityAdvertisers tend to think big and perhaps this is why they’re always coming in for criticism. Their critics seem to resent them because they have a flair for self-promotion and because they have so much money to throw around. ‘It’s iniquitous,’ they say, ‘that this entirely unproductive industry (if we can call it that) should absorb millions of pounds each year. It only goes to show how much profit the big companies are making. Why don’t they stop advertising and reduce the price of their goods? After all, it’s the consumer who pays…’The poor old consumer! He’d have to pay a great deal more if advertising didn’t create mass markets for products. It is precisely because of the heavy advertising that consumer goods are so cheap. But we get the wrong idea if we think the only purpose of advertising is to sell goods. Another equally important function is to inform. A great deal of the knowledge we have about household goods derives largely from the advertisements we read. Advertisements introduce us to new products or remind us of the existence of ones we already know about. Supposing you wanted to buy a washing machine, it is more than likely you would obtain details regarding performance, price, etc., from an advertisement.Lots of people pretend that they never read advertisements, but this claim may be seriously doubted. It is hardly possible not to read advertisements these days. And what fun they often are, too! Just think what a railway station or a newspaper would be like without advertisements. Would you enjoy gazing at a blank wall or reading railway byelaws while waiting for a train? Would you like to read only closely printed columns of news in your daily paper? A cheerful, witty advertisement makes such a difference to a drab wall or a newspaper full of the daily ration of calamities.We must not forget, either, that advertising makes a positive contribution to our pockets. Newspapers, commercial radio and television companies could not subsist without this source of revenue. The fact that we pay so little for our daily paper, or can enjoy so many broadcast programmes is due entirely to the money spent by advertisers. Just think what a newspaper would cost if we had to pay its full price!Another thing we mustn’t forget is the ‘small ads.’ which are in virtually every newspaper and magazine. What a tremendously useful service they perform for the community! Just about anything can be accomplished through these columns. For instance, you can find a job, buy or sell a house, announce a birth, marriage or death in what used to be called the ‘hatch, match and dispatch’ column but by far the most fascinating section is the personal or ‘agony’ column. No other item in a newspaper provides such entertaining reading or offers such a deep insight into human nature. It’s the best advertisement for advertising there is!1. What is main idea of this passage?A. Advertisement.B. The benefits of advertisement.C. Advertisers perform a useful service to communities.D. The costs of advertisement.2. The attitude of the author toward advertisers isA. appreciative.B. trustworthy.C. critical.D. dissatisfactory.3. Why do the critics criticize advertisers?A. Because advertisers often brag.B. Because critics think advertisement is a “waste of money”。
英语阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析
英语阅读理解题20套（带答案）及解析一、阅读理解题及答案1. 阅读材料：问题：Why do Tom's parents worry about him?答案：A. They think he spends too much time on sports.2. 阅读材料：Lucy is a primary school teacher. She is very patient and always encourages her students to be confident. Many students like her because she makes learning fun.问题：What is Lucy's occupation?答案：B. Teacher二、解析1. 第一题解析：本题考查学生对文章细节的理解。
从阅读材料中可以看出，Tom的父母担心他因为过于沉迷篮球而忽视学业。
因此，正确答案为A。
2. 第二题解析：本题考查学生对文章主要人物职业的把握。
文章明确提到Lucy是一名小学老师，因此正确答案为B。
三、提高阅读理解能力的技巧1. 先读题目，再读文章。
这样可以在阅读时更有针对性地寻找答案。
2. 注意文章的和副，它们往往揭示了文章的主旨。
3. 留意文章中的关键词和主题句，这些往往是理解文章大意的关键。
4. 学会略读和扫读，快速获取文章大意，然后再进行细读寻找具体信息。
5. 遇到生词时，不要慌张，可以根据上下文推测词义。
四、实例解析阅读材料：问题：What is the purpose of the "Greening Greenfield" project?答案：C. To make the town more environmentally friendly and improve the quality of life.解析：本题考查学生对文章主旨的理解。
高中英语阅读理解试题及答案
高中英语阅读理解试题及答案高中英语阅读理解试题及答案（通用13篇）高考英语阅读考察的是大家对文章的理解与信息的提取能力，为了帮助大家，店铺分享了一些高中英语阅读理解试题及答案，希望能对大家有所帮助!高中英语阅读理解试题及答案篇1Artificial(假的) flowers are used for scientific as well as for decorative purposes. They are made from a variety of materials, such as wax and glass, so skillfully that they can scarcely be distinguished from natural flowers. In making such models, painstaking and artistry are called for, as well as thorough knowledge of plant structure. The collection of glass flowers in the Botanical Museum of Harvard University is the most famous in North America and is widely known throughout the scientific world. In all, there are several thousand models in colored glass, the work of two artist-naturalists, Leopold Blaschka and his son Rudolph?The intention was to have the collection represent at least one member of each flower family native to the United States. Although it was never completed. It contains more than seven hundred species representing 164 families of flowering plants, a group of fruits showing the effect of fungus diseases, and thousands of flower parts and magnified details. Every detail of these is accurately reproduced in color and structure. The models are kept in locked cases as they are too valuable and fragile for classroom use?51. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. An Extensive Collection of Glass Flowers ?B. The Lives of Leopold and Rudolph?C. Flowers Native to the United States?D. Material Used for Artificial Flowers?52. It can be inferred from the passage that the goal of Leopold and Rudolph was to ______________?A. create a botanical garden where only exotic flowers grew?B. do a thorough study of plant structure?C. make a copy of one member of each United States flower family?D. show that glass are more realistic than wax flowers?53.The underlined word “it” refers to ______________?A. the intentionB. the collectionC. one memberD. each flower family?54. Which of the following is NOT included in the display at the Botanical Museum of Harvard University?A. Models of 164 families of flowering plants？B. Magnified details of flower parts？C. Several species of native birds？D. A group of diseased fruits？55. Which of the following statements is true of the flowers at Harvard University?A. They form a completed collection？B. They have a marvelous fragrance？C. They are loaned to schools for classroom use？D. They use authentic representations.【答案与解析】 51—55 ACBCD51.A.细节理解题。
语文阅读理解及答案参考
语文阅读理解及答案参考下面作者给大家整理的语文阅读理解及答案参考（共含12篇），欢迎阅读!篇1：语文阅读理解及答案参考语文阅读理解及答案参考[甲]王戎七岁尝与诸小儿游，见道旁李树多子，折枝，诸儿竞走取之。
唯戎不动。
人问之，答曰：“树在道边而多子，此必为苦李。
”取之信①然。
注：①信：确实，的确。
[乙]余忆童稚时，能张目对日，明察秋毫，见藐小之物必细察其纹理，故时有物外之趣。
夏蚊成雷，私拟作群鹤舞于空中，心之所向，则或千或百，果然鹤也；昂首观之，项为之强。
又留蚊于素帐中，徐喷以烟，使之冲烟而飞鸣，作青云白鹤观，果如鹤唳云端，为之怡然称快。
余常于土墙凹凸处，花台小草丛杂处，蹲其身，使与台齐；定神细视，以丛草为林，以虫蚊为兽，以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。
一日，见二虫斗草间，观之，兴正浓，忽有庞然大物，拔山倒树而来，盖一癞虾蟆，舌一吐而二虫尽为所吞。
余年幼，方出神，不觉呀然一惊。
神定，捉虾蟆，鞭数十，驱之别院。
【小题1】、下列句子中划线的词解释错误的一项是（）（3分）A．尝与诸小儿游（曾经）B．徐喷以烟（用）C．树在道边而多子（果子）D．鞭数十（鞭子）【小题2】、下列句子中加点的字意思相同的两项是（）（）（4分）A．观之，兴正浓鞭数十，驱之别院B．使之冲烟而飞鸣故时有物外之趣C．诸儿竞走取之取之信然D．见藐小之物必细察其纹理故时有物外之趣【小题3】、用现代汉语翻译下列句子。
（4分）①王戎七岁尝与诸小儿游，见道旁李树多子。
②以土砾凸者为丘，凹者为壑，神游其中，怡然自得。
【小题4】、结合选文内容，分别对王戎和《童趣》中的“我”进行评价。
（4分）答案【小题1】（ D ）（3分）【小题2】（ C ）（ D ）（4分）【小题3】（1）王戎七岁的`时候，曾经和几个小孩一起游玩，看见路边有一棵李树，树上结着许多李子。
(2分）（2）把土块凸出的部分当成丘陵，低陷的部分当成山沟，我便凭着假想在这个境界中游览，愉快而又满足。
英语阅读理解练习题及答案含解析
英语阅读理解练习题及答案含解析一、高中英语阅读理解1．阅读理解They say that an apple a day keeps the doctor away. Well, there is one lady who believes that it's actually chocolate. At 102 years of age, she's living proof.According to Boonville, Indiana's Eunice Modlin, a daily dose of chocolate has been the key to a long and healthy life. Specifically, two pieces of dark chocolate. It's not just Eunice who believes this.Many scientists have attributed the sweet to health benefits such as lower chances of cancer, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes.However, researchers believe that Eunice might be overlooking the fact that she has never smoked or drunk alcohol in her long life, and that chocolate might not be the significant cause of her longevity."There are so many other factors to her long life and chocolate isn't the only one," nutritionist Vanessa Rissetto said. "Genes, her diet in general…are probably the main reasons."At any rate, Eunice is still alive and kicking. With four children, seven grandkids, 14 great-grandkids and 11 great-great grandkids, this lady has a big family.It must be noted that Eunice was also very athletic, being an archer in her 20s .Amazingly, she has lived through tough times such as the Great Depression and World War II .Also, the healthy blood runs through the veins of other family members. Eunice's brother is also still alive, at 101 years of age.No matter what you might think, Eunice's consumption of chocolate can't be ignored. In 2015, a BMJ study showed that a daily treat of one small bar would give the consumer 23% less chance of having a stroke (中风).What is in the sweet that makes it so beneficial? Apparently, cocoa beans have flavonoids, plant nutrients that have useful antioxidants (抗氧化剂)."Not all chocolate is created equal," Rissetto warns. "Dark chocolate has more flavonoids than milk chocolate, and white chocolate—which does not actually contain chocolate—is not a good source of flavonoids."（1）According to the article, which of the following lead to Eunice Modlin's long and healthy life?a. two pieces of dark chocolateb. genesc. lifelong exercised. good diete. love of her large familyA. a, b, dB. b, c, dC. a, b, eD. a, c, d（2）Rissetto thinks that .A. chocolate is the most important thing that affects Eunice's healthB. no smoking or drinking contributes the most to Eunice's longevityC. chocolate really has nothing to do with her long and healthy lifeD. Eunice's good dietdoesn't only mean taking chocolate every day（3）What the author presented in the passage sounds .A. persuasiveB. objectiveC. subjectiveD. critical（4）From the whole passage we can conclude that______________.A. there's universal proof for what contributes to a long lifeB. it is generally accepted that chocolate is the key to longevityC. many factors may contribute to people's good healthD. a bit of any chocolate a day keeps the doctor away【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，美国印第安纳女性Eunice Modlin现在已经102岁的了，她认为自己长寿的秘密是每天吃巧克力，并分析了她长寿的原因以及巧克力对健康产生影响的原因。
高一英语阅读理解(5篇)(含答案及解析)
高一英语阅读理解（5篇）（含答案及解析）一、阅读理解阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
1.A woman who had been diagnosed with cancer had been given3 months to live. So she told her pastor which songs she wanted sung at the service，what scriptures she would like read，and what she wanted to be wearing. The woman also told her pastor that she wanted to be buried with her favorite bible.“There’s one more thing.” she said excitedly.“I want to be buried with a fork in my right hand.”The pastor stood looking at the woman not knowing quite what to say.The woman explained，“In all my years of attending church socials and functions where food was involved；my favorite part was when whoever was clearing away the dishes of the main course would lean over and say ‘you can keep your fork’. It was my favorite part because I knew that something better was coming. So I just want people to see me there in that casket with a fork in my hand and I want them to wonder ‘What’s with the fork？’ Then I want you to tell them，‘Something better is coming，so keep your fork too.’”1/ 15The pastor’s eyes were welled up with tears of joy as he hugged the woman goodbye. He knew this would be one of the last times he would see her before her death. But he also knew that the woman had a better grasp of heaven than he did. She knew that something better was coming.At the funeral the pastor told the people how he could not stop thinking about the fork and told them that they probably would not be able to stop thinking about it either.So the next time you reach down for your fork，let it remind you so gently that there is something better coming.Keep your fork. The best is yet to come.1. Why did the woman have a talk with the pastor？Because ________.A. she wouldn’t like to dieB. she was anxious about deathC. she wanted to discuss certain aspects of her final deathD. she begged him to help her to get rid of her illness2. When hearing the woman’s last wish，the pastor felt ________.A. shockedB. excitedC. entertainedD. amazed3. Someone says to you “Keep your fork”，which suggests ________.2/ 15A. the main course will be servedB. your favorite is comingC. the service will begin soonD. the service will be finished at once4. Why was the pastor so pleased when he heard her expression？Because________.A. he understood the woman betterB. he realized she has understood death completelyC. the woman didn’t ask for too muchD. he could carry out her last wishes2.The last few days before Christmas passed quickly and it was soon Christmas Eve. That night when everyone went to bed, Bunny couldn't sleep. He still couldn't think of what he wanted his Christmas gift to be. He wondered how Father Christmas would know what to bring him if he didn't know himself.As he was sitting up in bed, Bunny heard a big noise on the roof (屋顶) and a sound downstairs. It was Father Christmas, he realized. Bunny jumped out of bed and raced down the hall to the stairs hoping to have a look at the old man with his own eyes.3/ 15By the time Bunny reached the bottom of the stairs, though, everything was again silent. Beautiful gifts were piled (堆积) under the Christmas tree, but Father Christmas was gone. He looked for him for a few minutes, but it was already too late. Bunny turned to climb back upstairs when he heard a cry.“Hello,” said Bunny. “Is somebody there?”He was answered by another cry. Bunny looked around the big pile of gifts to see what was making the noise. Right under the tree was a funny looking brown animal with big feet and sad eyes. Bunny might have mistaken it for a dog, if it hadn't been for the antlers (鹿角) on its head.“Are you a reindeer (驯鹿)?” asked Bunny.“Yes,” replied the animal, “my name is Ralph.”“And you were pulling Father Christmas' sled (雪橇)?”“I was until I got airsick,” replied Ralph, “I'm afraid I wasn't cut out for the job. Now I'm stuck here and I don't know how to get back to the North Pole.”“Well, if you like, you can stay with us as a friend,” said Bunny. As he made the offer, Bunny suddenly realized the gift he wanted from Father Christmas was a new friend!1. Why couldn't Bunny fall asleep on Christmas Eve?4/ 15A. He had a lot of things to do.B. He was disturbed by a big noise.C. He was thinking of what gift he would get.D. He wanted to have a look at the reindeer.2. As soon as Bunny came downstairs, he _____.A. was probably very sadB. found what he wantedC. ran into a reindeerD. heard a loud cry3. The underlined part “cut out for” in the text probably means “_____”.A. fit forB. afraid ofC. proud ofD. interested in4. What would be the best title for the text?A. A strange Christmas treeB. A special Christmas giftC. A quiet but smart boyD. A lovely reindeer3.Online shopping has become more and more popular these years. Women have jumped ahead of men for the first time in using the Internet to do their holiday shopping, according to a study published last week in5/ 15the US.For years men have been more likely to shop on the Internet than women, but during the 2013 holiday season 58 percent of those shopping online were women.“It shows how popular the Internet is becoming,” said Lee Rainie, director of the Pew Internet and American Life Project group, which carried out the study. Rainie said it was only a matter of time before women shoppers caught up with men. This is because women traditionally make decisions about spending.Users were more likely to shop online to save time. Internet users between the ages 18 and 29 were responsible for some of the surprising increase in the online gift- buying population this time around.However, three-quarters of the US Internet users did not buy holiday gifts online in 2013. They worried about credit card security(安全），or just compared online prices with off-line prices, then dashed off to the shops to get the best deals.“But even if shoppers don’t buy online, websites are becoming promotion(促销）tools for stores，’，said Dan Hess’vice president of Com Score Network Inc. Hess said that actually most stores，websites can make customers fully believe the security of their credit card numbers. And most are able to ensure that gifts arrive on time.6/ 15It’s all about making the shopping experience more efficient, more reliable and more comfortable,” Hess said.(1) Which of the following statements is true?A. There were fewer women online shoppers than men in 2013.B. More women shopped online than men in 2013.C. Most of the Internet users between the ages 18 and 29 were women.D. people in the US were more likely to buy gifts online.(2) What does the underlined part “dashed off” probably mean? _A. 关闭B. 推迟C. 匆忙D. 起飞(3) According to Dan Hess, shopping online is ________.A. unsafeB. convenientC. a waste of moneyD. cheaper4.Most people know the feeling when you walk into a lift(电梯）with other people. A study has found that where people stand is based on their social position on entering the lift.7/ 15Rebekah Rousi，a Ph. D. student, did a study of lift behavior in two of the tallest office buildings in Adelaide, Australia. As part of her research, she took a total of 30 lift rides in the two buildings, and discovered there was a fixed order about where people chose to stand.In her research paper, she wrote that more senior men seemed to walk straight towards the back of the lift. She said, “In front of them were younger men, and in front of them were women of all ages.” She also noticed there was a difference in the direction where people looked during the ride. “Men watched the monitors, looked in the side mirrors (in one building) to see themselves, and in the door mirrors (in the other building) to watch others. Women would watch the monitors and avoid looking into others，eyes (unless in conversations) and the mirrors. ”Rebekah Rousi concluded that shyer people stand toward the front，where they can’t see other passengers，while fearless people stand in the back, where they have a good view of everyone else.(1) According to the study, where people stand in a lift is decided by ________.A. their social positionB. the monitorsC. other passengersD. others’ position8/ 15(2) Who are most likely to go to the back of the lift?A. Shyer people.B. Senior men.C. Younger men.D. Women.(3) Which is true according to the passage?A. The order in which people stand in a lift is fixed.B. Few people feel embarrassed with strangers in a lift.C. Women like watching themselves in the side mirrors.D. Fearless people stand in the back to avoid seeing others.(4) The passage is probably taken from ________.A. a lift instructionB. a storybookC. a travel guideD. a newspaper5. 七选五根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。
阅读理解题练习（附答案）
阅读理解题练习（附答案）阅读理解题练习（附答案）多做阅读理解有助于提高个人对文章内容的理解能力和解答能力哦！以下是店铺为大家编辑的内容，欢迎大家阅读！《二十年后》阅读附答案二十年后[美]欧·亨利瑟瑟的寒风夹杂着雨意，一位巡警在马路上威风凛凛地走着。
他边走边一家家打量，还不时转过头，用警惕的目光向平静的通衢大道两头远望，那甩警棍的动作多姿多彩，再加上体格魁梧，却不带傲气，俨然一个太平天下的卫士形象。
走过一个路段的正中时，警察突然放慢了脚步。
一家幽暗的五金店的门口，有个男子斜靠门站着，嘴里叼了根烟，并没点着。
看到警察走过来，他抢先说话了。
“没事，警官，我在等一个朋友，”他镇定自若地说，“二十年前约好现在相见。
你听了觉得奇怪，是吗?你要是不放心呢，我可以把事情说给你听听。
二十年前，这家店是一家餐馆，叫大乔·布雷迪餐馆。
”“餐馆早五年就没有了。
”警察说。
站在门道里的那个人划着一根火柴点燃雪茄。
火柴光一亮。
只见这人长着个方下巴，脸色发白，目光倒炯炯有神，右边眉毛附近留着个小白伤疤。
领带扣针歪别着，上面镶着颗大钻石。
那人说：“二十年前的今晚，我跟吉米·韦尔斯在这儿的餐厅吃饭。
我们俩都是在纽约长大的，多年来亲如兄弟。
那时我十八，吉米二十。
第二天我要去西部闯荡。
在吉米看来天下似乎只有一个纽约。
那天晚上我们约定，二十年后，都将在此地、此日、此时再次会面。
”“这事倒挺新鲜。
时隔二十年才又见上一面，未免太久了点。
分手以后你知道你朋友的消息?”警察问。
那人答道：“说起来我们也有过一段书信往来，但过了一两年便断了联系。
但我相信，只要吉米还活着，他肯定会来赴约的。
”等朋友的人掏出一块漂亮的表，表盖上镶着小宝石。
“十点还差三分钟，”他说，“我们在这餐馆分手的时间是十点整。
”“你在西部混得不错吧?”警察问。
“你猜对了!吉米要是比得上我一半就好了。
他是个大好人，只是有点死板。
我发财可也不容易，非多长几个心眼不可。
二年级阅读理解题20套(带答案)及解析
二年级阅读理解题 20 套（带答案）及解析一、二年级语文下册阅读理解训练1 ．读下面的话，然后完成练习。
受伤的小鸟在放学回家的路上，我发现了一只受伤的小鸟。
看着它可怜的样子，便把它捡回了家。
这只小鸟长着一张又长又尖的嘴巴，头上有一小撮（cuo红色的毛，背上、尾巴上的羽毛是黑色的，腹（ff1部的羽毛是灰色的，可好看了！妈妈下班回来看见了小鸟，高兴地告诉表说：“这是一只啄木鸟，它能够捕食树洞里的害虫，人们称它‘树医生’。
”我听了，心想：“原来是一只益鸟啊！等我把它的伤养好后，一定送它回大自然，让它继续给树治病。
”（1 ）这篇短文有__________ 个自然段。
（2 ）受伤的小鸟是一只 __________ ，人们称它___________ 。
（3 ）按短文填空。
__________ 的嘴巴受伤的 _______________________ 的样子黑色的 _____________（4 ）如果你发现了这样一只受伤的小鸟，你会怎么做?为什么?【答案】（1 ）2（2 ）啄木鸟；树医生（3 ）又长又尖；小鸟；可怜；羽毛（4 ）略【解析】2 ．阅读回答问题。
蜻蜓老师一只小猫在河边钓鱼。
他钓了半天，一条小鱼也没钓到。
妈妈说他太爱动了，鱼儿都被他吓跑了。
就在小猫再次把鱼竿伸向河心时，发生了一件奇妙的事。
一只红红的小蜻蜓悄无声息地停落在小猫的鱼竿上。
她那透明的翅膀，圆鼓鼓的脑袋，细长的身子一动不动，仿佛原先就是长在鱼竿上的。
小猫屏住气，也一动不动，生怕把小蜻蜓惊飞了。
不知过了多久，小蜻蜓早已经悄悄飞走了，可是小猫还是静静地坐着。
这时，河里的浮标动了。
小猫把鱼竿一甩，一条银白色的鱼儿在半空中扑腾着。
这天，小猫钓到了好多鱼，当妈妈叫他回家的时候，望着满桶的鱼大吃一惊，妈妈问他是怎么一回事。
小猫高兴地说：“我找到了一位老师。
”（1 ）短文一共有__________ 个自然段，第一段共有 _________ 句话。
（2 ）从短文中找到合适的词语再填一填。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
>阅读理解及答案详解
因纯粹而传奇
茂密的原始森林背景下，鸟鸣啾啾，两只孔雀在夜色中嬉戏。
龙年喧闹的央视春晚，进行到这里突然沉静了。
大家仿佛跟着这两只孔雀，步入南部山林，看它们相知，相恋。
这是杨丽萍、王迪表演的舞蹈《雀之恋》。
舞者杨丽萍，已年逾五旬。
高成明是杨丽萍的老朋友，也是《雀之恋》的编舞之一。
他说：“大部分艺术作品是命题作文，依靠非艺术因素成活。
”在他看来，杨丽萍成为传奇的根源，是她很早就决定纯粹依靠自己的作品，成就自己的艺术。
1958年，杨丽萍出生在云南，白族人。
文革时，她看到学生居然打老师，并且以敢打老师为荣。
她开始对人性感到悲观，于是更加喜欢跳舞，“跳舞要单纯一点”。
1971年，杨丽萍13岁。
在西双版纳农场学校的桌上领操，被西双版纳歌舞团的军代表看中，从此改变命运。
除了春晚的几次亮相，杨丽萍的舞蹈真正与大众发生密切关系，是她创作的大型原生态舞蹈《云南映象》。
这个舞蹈现已成了云南的名片。
这个节目，杨丽萍用了一年多时间采风，精心排演了15个月。
但《云南映象》的发展并非一帆风顺。
2001年，这个策划不仅舞蹈界不接受，也没有投资者接受。
合作者本想让杨丽萍编一台“土风舞”。
可是，杨丽萍的舞蹈把他们吓住了，充满了性意味的烟盒舞，打歌，还有女人被扔进火里祭神。
双方谈不到一起，没有了投资，于是杨丽萍决定：自己养活所有演员。
“这个时代，取悦观众是相对容易的。
时代需要什么，就制造什么。
”高成明说。
但杨丽萍不这样认为，她认为观众虽然习惯了已经存在的东西，但并不代表他们不能欣赏更好的东西。
“这是她最大的不同，”
从开始准备到上演，这两年多，大概是杨丽萍一生最艰苦的日子，全团的经费，都靠她四处拍广告、走穴来筹集。
2003年3月8日，正是“非典”时期。
就在《云南映象》首演后第二天，剧团突然接到通知，只能演一场。
消息传出，若干老板冲进剧院，围着杨丽萍大叫：“骗子，还钱来!”“狗屁艺术家！”杨丽萍被若干人包围着，依然镇定自若地指挥台上调试灯光。
就演了一次，台下只有1名观众，之后放假几个月，可能就此别离了。
很多演员选择了回山里。
杨丽萍当众哭了。
现在回想起来，她说，“跳舞很难成名，如果你把跳舞当成功利性的东西，只会很失落。
”
改变发生在《云南映象》参加当年“荷花杯”舞蹈大赛获得一等奖后。
整个团队开始被文化界认同，杨丽萍也不再是一个个体舞者，他们成为国内唯一能靠一台节目养活自己的舞蹈团。
杨丽萍非常清楚，若想有条孔雀裙，必须先挣到买孔雀裙的钱。
“既要能赚到钱，买到孔雀裙；也要让那条孔雀裙充满灵性，没有任何铜臭味，这是很难的一件事。
”
商业行为不会影响到艺术吗?她反问：你有那么脆弱吗?“给我再多的钱，我也不会迷失自己的艺术方向。
”
这个热爱自然、特立独行的骄傲舞者终于证明，自己的成功并非偶然，而是因发自心底的坚持，以及对美的追求。
或许，正是纯粹的个性成就了她。
云南政协改选时，领导来找她，希望她能去参加，她迟到了好久，到了就问：这个职位要开会吧?开会我可不能干。
领导当场就变了脸色。
她的纯粹，还表现在她的“符号”上——几十年来，她爱孔雀，跳孔雀，久而久之，眉眼间也现出孔雀的神气。
但这只孔雀生活的环境已然变化。
她去云南的山寨采风，发现村民们不再唱、跳那些属于自己民族的古老艺术。
“最早的唱歌跳舞跟生命、跟生活有关，如果农村生活都变成城市生活，他们哪来兴趣再传承这种东西?”她为此忧虑。
但她坚持认为，现代化不必以牺牲传统文化为代价。
因此，2012年春晚，她选择跳现代舞的王迪来当自己的搭档。
《雀之恋》是展现中国民族艺术魅力的，两只孔雀精美的造型、精巧的动作、精致的情感、精湛的演绎，震撼了观众。
“光传承还不行，还得创作适合现代东方的艺术。
”杨丽萍认为，如果中国舞蹈发展需要一个方向的话，这应该是一个方向。
但这种创作，需要人能够沉静下来，需要平实的、非功利的社会氛围和舞蹈环境，需要有一个真正有利于艺术创造的文化体制。
（选自《中国新闻周刊》，有删改）
（1）下列对传记有关内容的分析和概括，最恰当的两项是（5分）
A．舞蹈界和投资者对民族舞的排斥，观众素质的低下，让《云南映象》从准备到上演的过程困难重重，这两年大概是杨丽萍一生中最艰苦的日子。
B．在表演《雀之恋》时，杨丽萍已年逾五旬。
在其几十年的舞蹈生涯中，她从一个个体舞者到拥有自己的舞蹈团，这一过程也是她的艺术追求不断被大众理解、接受的过程。
C．高成明认为这个时代艺术应该取悦观众，依靠非艺术因素成活；但杨丽萍坚持不迎合观众，所以她的《云南映象》几经波折才得到认可。
D．源于生活的艺术才会有持久的生命力，杨丽萍的舞蹈植根于生活，她热爱自然，坚持采风，最终纯粹依靠作
品成就了自己的艺术。
E．本文描写了杨丽萍热爱艺术、献身舞蹈、培养新人的事迹，塑造了一位为舞蹈事业而坚守“纯粹”的传奇女性形象。
（2）杨丽萍的“纯粹”表现在哪些方面?请简要说明。
（6分）
___________________________________________________ ______________
___________________________________________________ ______________
（3）请结合文本内容简要概括，民族艺术要想获得成功，应该具备哪些因素。
（6分）
___________________________________________________ ______________
___________________________________________________ ______________
（4）杨丽萍说，既要能赚钱买孔雀裙，也要让孔雀裙没有任何铜臭味，这是很难的一件事。
请结合文本内容，谈
一谈你对艺术商业化的看法。
（8分）
___________________________________________________ ______________
___________________________________________________ ______________
___________________________________________________ ______________
参考答案
12.（1）答D给3分，答B给2分，答E给1分，答
A、C不给分。
（A中，“对民族舞的排斥”“观众素质的低下”表述不当；C中“这个时代艺术应该取悦观众，依靠非艺术因素成活”并非高成明的观点，“不迎合观众”也不是《云南映象》最终得到认可的原因；E中”培养新人”无中生有）
（2）①个性纯粹：特立独行，不慕虚名，领导请她进入政协，她却不客气地拒绝了。
②艺术追求纯粹。
跳舞的目的单纯，源于对美的热爱和追求；艺术道路遭遇挫折能坚强面对，不懈坚持；坚信高水平艺术作品能得到观众认可，在艺术创作上坚持己见，绝不迎合世俗；视舞蹈为纯粹艺术，维护舞蹈的纯净之美，不让舞蹈沾染铜臭。
③符号纯粹：始
终如一地爱孔雀，跳孔雀舞。
（6分；答出一点给2分，其中观点和说明各1分）
（3）①要有热爱民族艺术、困境中不懈坚持的艺术工作者。
正是因为杨丽萍对艺术的执着追求，顽强坚守，才使富有云南特色的民族舞蹈走进大众视野，赢得广泛赞誉；②要有鲜明突出的民族特色。
杨丽萍的创作灵感源于对自然、对生活的观察，大型原生态舞蹈《云南映象》因艺术地展现了云南少数民族独特的民俗风情才具有无与伦比的吸引力；
③要与时俱进，以适应当今观众的欣赏需求。
2012年春晚，杨丽萍特意选择跳现代舞的王迪来当自己的搭档，以达到传统与现代的结合，体现了她的“新东方美学”的追求；④要有一个有利于艺术创造艺术发展的文化体制。
不再让优秀的艺术作品为成活而自寻门路，或者半途而废。
（6分；答出一点给2分，答出任意三点、意思对即可）
（4）示例：艺术可以适度地商业化，但不能因为追求商业化而迷失艺术的本真。
理由：①艺术品也是消费品，只有走上商业化之路，艺术才可能被更多的观众所欣赏。
正是因为《云南映象》在商业演出上的成功，才使得更多的人能欣赏到这部作品。
②艺术又不是一般意义上的消费品，单纯追求商业化就容易使艺术丧失其本真。
杨丽萍始终坚守纯粹的艺术追求，才使得《云南映象》在艺术和商业上都取得了成功。
（8分；其中“观点”明确2分，“理由”答出一点给3分，意思对即可）
如有其他观点，只要言之成理，即可给分。
例如：艺术不应该商业化，艺术追求应该纯粹，不媚俗，不取悦观众；艺术不必刻意商业化，如果达到了较高的艺术水平，自然就能获得专家、观众的认可，取得商业上的成功；等等。