六级英语阅读词汇每日一练(14)

2009.12Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.The percentage of immigrants (including those unlawfully present) in the United States has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point since the mid-1920s.We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort of newcomers. Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot, and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong. In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail, to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than their parents, UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue. Indeed, the fourth generation is marginally worse off than the third. James Jackson, of the University of Michigan, has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants. Telles fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks—that large parts of the community may become mired(陷入) in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and underachievement. Like African-Americans, Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to(降入) segregated, substandard school, and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own. But as arguments about immigration heat up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader questions about assimilation, about how to ensure that people, once outsiders, don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest wave of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.57. How were immigrants viewed by US Congress in the early days?A) They were of inferior races.B) They were a source of political corruption.C) They were a threat to the nation’s security.D) They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.58. What does the author think of the new immigrants?A) They will be a dynamic workforce in the US.B) They can do just as well as their predecessors.C) They will be very disappointed on the new land.D) They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.59. What does Edward Telles’ research say about Mexican-Americans?A) They may slowly improve from generation to generation.B) They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C) They will melt into the African-American community.D) They may forever remain poor and underachieving.60. What should be done to help the new immigrants?A) Rid them of their inferiority complex.B) Urge them to adopt American customs.C) Prevent them from being marginalized.D) Teach them standard American English.61. According to the author, the burning issue concerning immigration is______.A) how to deal with people entering the US without documentsB) how to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC) how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the borderD) how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the USprecision/ pri’siʒən/ n.精确，精密，精密度disappoint [disə’pɔint] vt.使失望,使受挫折motivate/ ‘məutiveit/ vt.促动；激励，激发likewise/ ‘laikwaiz/ ad.同样地；也，又dimension [di’menʃən]n.尺寸,尺度;面积X-ray/ ‘eks’rei/ n.X射线，X光cottage/ ‘kɔtidʒ/ n.村舍，小屋instrument/ ‘instrumənt/ n.仪器；工具；乐器sponsor/ ‘spɔnsə/ n.发起者vt.发起progressive/ prə’gresiv/ a.进步的；向前进的structural/ ‘strΛktʃərəl/ a.结构的，构造的typewriter/ ‘taipraitə/ n.打字机experiment/ iks’perimənt/ n.实验；试验associate/ ə’səuʃieit/ vi.交往n.伙伴，同事thoughtful/ ‘θɔ:tful/ a.沉思的；体贴的queen/ kwi:n/ n.王后；女王chalk/ tʃɔ:k/ n.白垩；粉笔establishment/ is’tæbliʃmənt/ n.建立，设立，确立colony/ ‘kɔləni/ n.殖民地；侨居地vice/ vais/ n.(老)虎钳radiation/ reidi’eiʃən/ n.放射，发射；辐射能tap/ tæp/ n.塞子；龙头vt.开发enormous/ i’nɔ:məs/ a.巨大的，庞大的investment/ in’vestmənt/ n.投资，投资额，投入accompany/ ə’kΛmpəni/ vt.陪伴，陪同；伴随physician/ fi’ziʃən/ n.医生，内科医生stem/ stem/ n.茎，(树)干vi.起源horn/ hɔ:n/ n.号角；警报器；角yard/ ja:d/ n.院子，庭院；场地aircraft/ ‘eəkra:ft/n.飞机，飞行器astonish/ əs’tɔniʃ/vt.使惊讶，使吃惊lover/ lΛvə/ n.爱好者；情人；情侣moral/ ‘mɔrəl/ a.道德的；合乎道德的constitute/ ‘kɔnstitju:t/ vt. 构成,组成,任命hint/ hint/ n.暗示，示意；建议torch/ tɔ:tʃ/ n.火炬，火把；手电筒swell/ swel/ vi.膨胀；隆起；增长distress [dis’tres] n.忧虑,悲伤;不幸mysterious/ mis’tiəriəs/ a.神秘的；难以理解的harness/ ‘ha:nis/vt.治理n.马具，挽具attribute/ ‘ætribju:t/vt.把…归因于n.属性pɔisonous/ ‘pɔiznəs/ a.有毒的，有害的stretch/ stretʃ/vt.伸展vi.伸n.伸展suspend/ səs’pend/vt.吊，悬；推迟lodge/ lɔdʒ/ vi.暂住，借宿，投宿maximum/ ‘mæksiməm/ n.最大量a.最大的religious/ ri’lidʒəs/ a.宗教的；虔诚的pinch/ pintʃ/ vt.捏，拧，掐掉saddle/ ‘sædl/ n.鞍子，马鞍faculty/ ‘fækəlti/ n.才能，能力；系，科reflexion/ ri’flekʃən/ n.反射；映象；反映continent/ ‘kɔntinənt/ n.大陆；陆地；洲execute/ ‘eksikju:t/ vt.将…处死；实施comparison/ kəm’pærisn/ n.比较，对照；比似thereby/ ‘ðeə’bai/ ad.因此，从而，由此herd/ hə:d/ n.兽群，牧群vt.放牧passport/ ‘pa:spɔ:t/ n.护照strategy/ ‘strætidʒi/ n.战略；策略wax/ wæks/ n.蜡，蜂蜡cement/ si’ment/ n.水泥；胶泥vt.粘结dot [dɔt] n.点,圆点vt.打点于bowl/ bəul/ n.碗，钵；碗状物comb/ kəum/ n.梳子vt.梳理headquarters/ ‘hed’kwɔ:təz/ n.司令部；总部heap/ hi:p/ n.(一)堆；大量lime/ laim/ n.石灰tropical/ ‘trɔpikəl/ a.热带的camel/ ‘kæməl/ n.骆驼log/ lɔg/ n.原木，木料。