(完整版)培根的《论学习》中英文对照
On Studies论读书-培根(中英文对照)
On StudiesBaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books, else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things.Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not.. Histories make men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; natural philosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impediment in the wit, butmay be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like.So if a man\'s wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers\' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.求知可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。
(完整版)培根的《论学习》中英文对照
Of StudiesFrancis Bacon论学习弗朗西斯·培根王佐良译Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in thejudgment and disposition of business. For expert and execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best form those that are learned.To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humour of a scholar.They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forthdirections too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation.Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider.Some books are to be tasted, others to beswallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but notcuriously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
(完整版)培根的《论读书》OfStudies(原文和译文)
Of StudiesSTUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men canexecute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affa irs,come best, from those that are learned. To spend too muc h timein studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do gi veforth directions too much at large, except they be bounded inby experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men ad mirethem, and wise men use them; for they teach not their ownbut that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won b yobservation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to beli eveand take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others t o beswallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that i s,some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read,but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and wit hdiligence and attention. Some books also may be read by d eputy,and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only inthe less important arguments, and the meaner sort of book s,else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashyReading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writ ingan exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Historie smake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; nat uralphilosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to co ntend.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impedim ent inthe wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as disea sesof the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is go od forthe stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and ***; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. Soif a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics ; forin demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and t ocall up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him st udythe lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.论读书王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
(完整版)培根的《论读书》OfStudies(原文和译文)
Of StudiesSTUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men canexecute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affa irs,come best, from those that are learned. To spend too muc h timein studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do gi veforth directions too much at large, except they be bounded inby experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men ad mirethem, and wise men use them; for they teach not their ownbut that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won b yobservation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to beli eveand take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others t o beswallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that i s,some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read,but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and wit hdiligence and attention. Some books also may be read by d eputy,and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only inthe less important arguments, and the meaner sort of book s,else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashyReading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writ ingan exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Historie smake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; nat uralphilosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to co ntend.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impedim ent inthe wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as disea sesof the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is go od forthe stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and ***; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. Soif a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics ; forin demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and t ocall up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him st udythe lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.论读书王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
独创逐句中英对照阅读培根的《论学习》Of Studies
Of StudiesFrancis Bacon论学习（王佐良先生译）STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring;其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；for ornament, is in discourse;其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned.然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
To spend too much time in studies is sloth;读书费时过多易惰，to use them too much for ornament, is affectation;文采藻饰太盛则矫，to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; 盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
（完整版）培根的《论读书》OfStudies（原文和译文）
（完整版）培根的《论读书》OfStudies（原文和译文）Of StudiesSTUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men canexecute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affa irs, come best, from those that are learned. To spend too muc h timein studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need pruning, by study; and studies themselves, do gi veforth directions too much at large, except they be bounded inby experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men ad mirethem, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won b yobservation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to beli eveand take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others t o be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that i s,some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read,but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and wit h diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by d eputy,and extracts made of them bothers; but that would be only inthe less important arguments, and the meaner sort of book s,else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy Reading make a full man; conference a ready man; and writ ingan exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit: and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem to know, that he doth not. Historie smake men wise; poets witty; the mathematics subtitle; nat uralphilosophy deep; moral grave; logic and rhetoric able to co ntend.Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stand or impedim ent inthe wit, but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as disea sesof the body, may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is go od forthe stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and ***; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics ; forin demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or finddifferences, let him study the Schoolmen; for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters, and t ocall up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him st udythe lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind, may have a special receipt.论读书王佐良译读书足以怡情，足以傅彩，足以长才。
独创逐句中英对照阅读培根的《论学习》OfStudies
独创逐句中英对照阅读培根的《论学习》OfStudiesOf StudiesFrancis Bacon论学习（王佐良先生译）STUDIES serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
Their chief use for delight, is in privateness and retiring;其怡情也，最见于独处幽居之时；for ornament, is in discourse;其傅彩也，最见于高谈阔论之中；and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business.其长才也，最见于处世判事之际。
For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; 练达之士虽能分别处理细事或一一判别枝节，but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best, from those that are learned.然纵观统筹、全局策划，则舍好学深思者莫属。
To spend too much time in studies is sloth;读书费时过多易惰，to use them too much for ornament, is affectation;文采藻饰太盛则矫，to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar.全凭条文断事乃学究故态。
They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience: 读书补天然之不足，经验又补读书之不足，for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; 盖天生才干犹如自然花草，读书然后知如何修剪移接；and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience.而书中所示，如不以经验范之，则又大而无当。
培根论读书(中英对照)
培根论读书《论读书》是培根随笔中的一篇读书可以作为消遣，可以作为装饰，也可以增长才干。
孤独寂寞时，阅读可以消遣。
高谈阔论时，知识可供装饰。
处世行事时，知识意味着才干。
懂得事务因果的人是幸运的。
有实际经验的人虽能够处理个别性的事务，但若要综观整体，运筹全局，却唯有学识方能办到。
读书太慢的人驰惰，为装潢而读书是欺人，完全按照书本做事就是呆子。
求知可以改进人性，而经验又可以改进知识本身。
人的天性犹如野生的花草，求知学习好比修剪移栽。
学问虽能指引方向，但往往流于浅泛，必须依靠经验才能扎下根基。
狡诈者轻鄙学问，愚鲁者羡慕学问，聪明者则运用学问。
知识本身并没有告诉人怎样运用它，运用的智慧在于书本之外。
这是技艺，不体验就学不到。
读书的目的是为了认识事物原理。
为挑剔辩驳去读书是无聊的。
但也不可过于迷信书本。
求知的目的不是为了吹嘘炫耀，而应该是为了寻找真理，启迪智慧。
书籍好比食品。
有些只须浅尝，有些可以吞咽，只有少数需要仔细咀嚼，慢慢品味。
所以，有的书只要读其中一部分，有的书只须知其梗概，而对于少数好书，则应当通读，细读，反复读。
有的书可以请人代读，然后看他的笔记摘要就行了。
但这只应限于不太重要的议论和质量粗劣的书。
否则一本书将像已被蒸馏过的水，变得淡而无味了。
读书使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作则能使人精确。
因此，如果有人不读书又想冒充博学多知，他就必须很狡黠，才能掩人耳目。
如果一个懒于动笔，他的记忆力就必须强而可靠。
如果一个人要孤独探索，他的头脑就必须格外锐利。
读史使人明智，读诗使人聪慧，学习数学使人精密，物理学使人深刻，伦理学使人高尚，逻辑修辞使人善辩。
总之，“知识能塑造人的性格”。
不仅如此，精神上的各种缺陷，都可以通过求知来改善——正如身体上的缺陷，可能通过适当的运动来改善一样。
例如打球有利于腰背，射箭可扩胸利肺，散步则有助于消化，骑术使人反应敏捷，等等。
同样道理，一个思维不集中的人，他可以研习数学，因为数学稍不仔细就会出错。
On Studies论读书-培根(中英文对照)
On StudiesBaconStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability。
Their chief use for delight，is in privateness and retiring；for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment，and disposition of business. For expert men can execute，and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one；but the general counsels，and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best，from those that are learned。
To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament，is affectation；to make judgment wholly by their rules，is the humor of a scholar。
They perfect nature，and are perfected by experience: for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning, by study; and studies themselves, do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience。
Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them，and wise men use them；for they teach not their own use；but that is a wisdom without them，and above them, won by observation.Read not to contradict and confute；nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted，others to be swallowed，and some few to be chewed and digested；that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read，but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly，and with diligence and attention。
(完整word版)培根的《论学习》中英文对照
Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention.Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments, and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are, like common distilled waters, flashy things.
有一技之长者鄙读书，无知者羡读书，唯明智之士用读书，然书并不以用处告人，用书之智不在书中，而在书外，全凭观察得之。
读书时不可存心诘难读者，不可尽信书上所言，亦不可只为寻章摘句，而应推敲细思。
书有可浅尝者，有可吞食者，少数则须咀嚼消化。换言之，有只需读其部分者，有只须大体涉猎者，少数则须全读，读时须全神贯注，孜孜不倦。书亦可请人代读，取其所作摘要，但只限题材较次或价值不高者，否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏，淡而无味。
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(完整版)培根的《论学习》中英文对照培根的《论学习》中英文对照Francis Bacon's "Of Studies" 中英文对照Introduction 引言In his essay "Of Studies," Francis Bacon discusses the importance and benefits of studying. Bacon emphasizes the various ways in which study can enhance one's life and character. This essay presents a comparison between the original English version and its Chinese translation. The aim is to explore how the author's ideas and arguments are effectively conveyed in both languages. While the content may differ slightly due to translation, the essence of Bacon's insights remain intact.第一部分：关于学习的价值 Part 1: The Value of StudiesOriginal (English) 原文（英文）：Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment and disposition of business... Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse, but to weigh and consider... Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested...Translation (Chinese) 翻译（中文）：学习的价值在于获得欢乐、装饰人生和增长能力。
其中获得欢乐是在独处时享受，装饰人生则是在交流中展现，而增长能力则体现在对业务的判断和处理... 不要阅读来反驳和证伪；也不要盲信和默认；更不要追求言谈和辩论，而要权衡和思考... 有些书只需咀嚼几下品味，有些书可以略读摘要，还有一些书则需要仔细研读消化...第二部分：学习的影响 Part 2: The Influence of StudiesOriginal (English) 原文（英文）：Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise menuse them; for they teach not their own use, but that there is a wisdomwithout them and above them, won by observation... Studies perfect nature, and are perfected by experience... Studies also enable us to examine, reflect, and judge the various matters of the world...Translation (Chinese) 翻译（中文）：心机的人会谴责学习，单纯的人会钦佩学习，智慧的人会运用学习；因为学习不仅教会我们如何运用知识，还让我们认识到世界之外与之上的更大智慧，这是通过不断观察得来的... 学习能完善天性，而且也需要借助经验加以完善... 学习还使我们能够审视、思考和判断世间万物...第三部分：学习与各个领域的联系 Part 3: The Connection of Studies with Various FieldsOriginal (English) 原文（英文）：Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral philosophy, grave; logic and rhetoric, able tocontend... Studying enables one to have conversation with the past, and speech with the present; writing becomes an art, judgment a power...Translation (Chinese) 翻译（中文）：历史使人明智，诗人使人机智，数学使人深邃，自然哲学使人博学，道德哲学使人庄重，逻辑和修辞使人善辩... 学习使我们能与过去交流、与现实对话；写作变得艺术化，判断力得到提升...结论 ConclusionFrancis Bacon's essay "Of Studies" provides valuable insights into the significance of studying. Through the comparison of the original English version and its Chinese translation, we can observe the ability of language to convey ideas and arguments effectively. While there may be slight differences in wording and expression, the fundamental meaning of Bacon's discourse remains consistent in both languages. This comparison serves as a reminder of the importance of studying and the power of language in capturing and conveying knowledge.总结 Conclusion培根的《论学习》一文探讨了学习的重要性和益处。
培根强调了学习可以如何增加人们的生活质量和塑造个人性格。
这篇文章比较了原文和中文翻译版本，目的在于探索作者的观点和论证如何在两种语言中得到有效传达。
虽然由于翻译的原因内容可能会有些微差异，但培根的观点核心仍然保持不变。
第一部分：关于学习的价值 Part 1: The Value of Studies学习的价值在于获得欢乐、装饰人生和增长能力。
其中获得欢乐是在独处时享受，装饰人生则是在交流中展现，而增长能力则体现在对业务的判断和处理... 不要阅读来反驳和证伪；也不要盲信和默认；更不要追求言谈和辩论，而要权衡和思考... 有些书只需咀嚼几下品味，有些书可以略读摘要，还有一些书则需要仔细研读消化...将原文的“Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.”部分进行了调整和拆分，保持了意思和逻辑的连贯性。
第二部分：学习的影响 Part 2: The Influence of Studies原文（英文）：心机的人会谴责学习，单纯的人会钦佩学习，智慧的人会运用学习；因为学习不仅教会我们如何运用知识，还让我们认识到世界之外与之上的更大智慧，这是通过不断观察得来的... 学习能完善天性，而且也需要借助经验加以完善... 学习还使我们能够审视、思考和判断世间万物...将原文的“Crafty men condemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use, but that there is a wisdom without them and above them, won by observation...”部分进行了拆分与重新组织。
第三部分：学习与各个领域的联系 Part 3: The Connection of Studies with Various Fields历史使人明智，诗人使人机智，数学使人深邃，自然哲学使人博学，道德哲学使人庄重，逻辑和修辞使人善辩... 学习使我们能与过去交流、与现实对话；写作变得艺术化，判断力得到提升...将原文的“ Hi stories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral philosophy, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend...”部分进行了拆分和组织。
结论 ConclusionFrancis Bacon's essay "Of Studies" provides valuable insights into the significance of studying. Through the comparison of the original English version and its Chinese translation, we can observe the ability of language to convey ideas and arguments effectively. While there may be slight differences in wording and expression, the fundamental meaning of Bacon's discourse remains consistent in both languages. This comparison serves as a reminder of the importance of studying and the power of language in capturing and conveying knowledge.培根的《论学习》一文探讨了学习的重要性和益处。