英语国家社会与文化共102页文档
英语国家社会与文化
英语国家社会与⽂化上Unit 1 1. Britain is no longer an imperial(帝国) country. T2. The Commonwealth(共和国，民主国) of Nations includes all European countries. F3. 1 in 10 of the British population are of non-European ethnicity(种族地位，种族特点). F4. The stereotype(陈规，刻板模式) of the English gentleman never applied(使适⽤) the majority of the British people. T6. Northern Ireland is part of Great Britain. F7. When people outside the UK talk about England, they mistake it as Britain sometimes. T8. The Scots and Welsh have a strong sense of being British. F9. Scotland was never conquered by the Romans. T10. Most people in Scotland speak the old Celtic language, called “Gaelic”. F11. Scotland was unified with England through peaceful mean. T12. Wales is rich in coal deposits. T13. Cardiff, the capital of Wales, is a large city. F14. The title of Prince of Wales is held by a Welsh according to tradition. F上Unit21. Ireland is part of Great Britain. F2. “U referring to Northern Ireland, was once an ancient Irish Kingdom. T3. The capital of Belfast is a large city with half a million people. F4. Northern Ireland is significant because of its manufacturing industry. F5. The majority of Irish people were descendants⼦孙，后裔 of the original Celtic凯尔特 people who inhabited British Isles before the Romans arrived 2000 years ago. T6. Most British people are Protestants新教徒 while most Irish people are Catholic天主教徒. T7. The British government does not have direct rule from London over Northern Ireland. F8. Sinn Fein 新芬党（爱尔兰共和军的政治组织）is a legal politicalparty in Northern Ireland. T9. The Anglo-Irish Agreement《英爱协议》 of 1985 guaranteed the loyalist Protestant community their right to decide their future in N orthern Ireland. T10. The Good Friday Agreement《北爱和平协议》 was approved on 10 April 1998.T11. Northern Ireland today is governed by separate jurisdictions: that of Republic of Ireland and t hat of Great Britain. F ⽬前北爱由爱尔兰政府、英国政府及北爱执⾏委员会三⽅共同参与管理。
《英语国家概况》- Chapter 26 Society and Culture
第二十六章加拿大社会和文化I．加拿大社会1．人口加拿大是一个只拥有26，300，000人的大国，它的国土面积是世界第二，而人口却排世界第31位。
加拿大是一个人口稀少的国家，每平方公里只有2.7人，但它却是拥有最多民族的国家之一，有1000个民族。
大多数加拿大人是英国血统(44.6%)和法国血统(28.7%)。
本土人是爱斯基摩人或因纽特人，(这是他们比较喜欢的称呼)和印地安人，只占全国人口总数的1.5%。
自19世纪后期开始的移民使得加拿大文化多样化。
自1867年成立联盟以来，其他民族的加拿大人的比例从7%增长到25%，包括德国人、意大利人、乌克兰人、荷兰人、波兰人和中国人，其中2%为亚洲、非洲和加勒比血统的人。
加拿大的任何一个民族在全国总人口中都不占多数。
加拿大的土著人是在史前时期从亚洲来的。
因纽特人曾是游牧民族，冬季在冰上捕海豹，夏天在冻土带(北极大陆)捕驯鹿。
他们睡在用驯鹿皮做成的帐篷中。
他们是爱好和平的民族，快乐地过着自己的生活，爱放声大笑，也爱开玩笑。
因纽特这个词在他们的语言中是"人民"的意思，而爱斯基摩这个词是印地安语，意思是"吃生肉的人"。
大多数因纽特人居住在加拿大的北方省份和地区。
除因纽特人外，在北部地区还有几十万印地安人，他们讲不同的语言。
据说印地安人讲50多种语言。
英语是除魁北克省外全国最通用的语言。
85%讲法语的人住在魁北克，占该省人数的81.9%。
1/3的新不伦瑞克省人讲法语，在安大略省东部和东北部也有一些较大的法语社区，还有一些较小的讲法语的社区分布在西部。
事实上，魁北克省外讲法语的加拿大人与魁北克省内讲英语的人数目大致相等。
不同的语言、种族血统、历史和环境导致了加拿大人之间的地区差异。
由于魁北克省是几百年来法国人在加拿大、更确切地说在整个北美生存的中心地区，所以旅游者很快就会意识到明显的魁北克特点。
纽芬兰人在北美洲居住的时间同多数魁北克人一样长，但他们几乎都讲英语，而且大多数都是英国血统。
英语国家社会与文化
The full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. usually shortened , abbreviated to the United Kingdom or U.K., Great Britain, Britain or informally England. The total area is about 244,820 square kilometers. It Is over 1,000 km. from south to north and it is about 500 km. from west to east.
England
England occupies the southern part of Great Britain and is important part of the Kingdom in wealth, size, and population. It has an area of more than 130,000 square kilometers and it take up nearly 60% of the whole island. The west and southwest is a plateau, with rolling plain, downs and moors.
British Isles
Two large islands several small ones two states
Britain
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
英语国家社会与文化
Works
EARLY WORKS
The Voyage Out,
《出海》 《日夜》
1915
Night and Day, 1919
LATER WORKS
弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫
Jacob’ s Room, 1922
《雅各的房间》 《黛洛维夫人》
Mrs. Dalloway, 1925
To the Lighthouse,
• The Elizabethan period of the late 16th and early 17th century saw a flowering of the drama . Perhaps the most famous playwright in the world , William Shakespeare are still performed in theatres across the world to this day.
Wuthering heights
Emily Brontë
Writing style
• 欧美文学中的哥特传统是研究《呼啸山庄》的创 作源泉的一个重要课题，艾米莉· 勃朗特在主题、 人物形象、环境刻画、意象及情节构造等方面都 借鉴了哥特传统，同时凭借其超乎寻常的想象力， 将现实与超现实融为一体，给陈旧的形式注入了 激烈情感、心理深度、新鲜活力，达到了哥特形 式与激情内容的完美统一，使《呼啸山庄》具有 永恒的艺术魅力。
Charles Dickens The greatest representative of English critical realism
Major Works
• 1 Sketches by Boz (1836) • «博兹特写集», the first book • 3. Oliver Twist (1837-1838) «奥克佛·特维斯特»，《雾都孤儿》 • 4. Bleak House(1852-1853) «荒凉山庄» • 5. Hard Times(1854) «艰难时世» • 6.A Tale of Two Cities(1859) «双城记» • 5) Great Expectations(1860-1861) «远大前 程» • 6) Our Mutual Friend (1864-1865) • «我们的共同朋友»
英语国家社会与文化(美1)
(b) the Iroquois, the Pueblo, and the Pima Indians
(c) Yadkin, Coles Creeks, and Smoky Hills. 3. The first English permanent settlement was founded in 1607 in which of the following places: (a) New York (b) San Francisco (c) Virginia.
The USA --American Beginning
Preface
Hello Class! In today's class we are going to deal with the first chapter on the history of the United States of America. As is known to all, America is a new nation and the product of the Western civilization. In fact, the American continent was first discovered by an Italian sailor called Christopher Columbus in 1492. And the United States was not officially founded until 1776 when 13 former British colonies rose up against the British Empire and fought a war for their independence. But, before we start, let's take the time to preview some of the questions regarding the history of the United States. Please see if you can answer the following questions. Please supply the correct answers, if you happen to know them, in the space bellow.
英语国家社会和文化
Brief introduction
Capital: Cardiff ,on the south coast, small city Position: Smallest in British mainland, close to central England, hilly and rugged Retains a powerful sense of difference from England and its own language
the UK government , cultural and economic )
Won’t call themselves English
Before the 1st century was made up of many tribal kingdom of Celtic people In 43 AD was invaded by the Roman Empire The conquest of Britain: the legends of King Arthur Two more groups of invaders: Scandinavia
In 1707,union with England
Event: in 1603, Queen Elizabeth died, James took the throne Scotland maintained its separate political identity in1707 Scotland joined the Union by the agreement of the English and parliament
英语国家社会与文化(英文)
The British society and cultureThe UK is a rich and colorful, with international and multicultural country .Its full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, hereinafter referred to as the United Kingdom or Britain, known as the UK, is on the island of Great Britain by England, Scotland and wales, and Northern Ireland northeast the island of Ireland, and a series of islands of a small island.In Chinese the word "Britain", that is, by "England", the international code for the GB.Britain is located in the northwest of the continent of the British Isles, is the north sea, the English channel, Celtic sea, Irish sea and surrounded by the Atlantic ocean.In addition to Britain, including fourteen overseas territories .Established the "glorious revolution" in 1688 the British constitutional monarchy, Britain was the first to complete the industrial revolution, the national strength growing rapidly.In the 18th century to early 20th century, the rule of the British empire territories across the globe.As the most powerful country.Both after the outbreak of world war ii victory, but seriously damaged national strength, to the disintegration of the British empire in the second half of the 20th century, Britain has lost onceleadership in international affairs.Superpower status be replaced by the United States and the Soviet union.However, the UK is still a worldwide has a strong influence, important economic, cultural, military, science and technology of the world's great powers.About the British people's life custom, British people now pay more attention to the quality of life, the pursuit of spirit to enjoy.Important occasion wear very formal, usually the pursuit of simple, comfortable clothing.Diet style is simple, pay attention to nutrition.The climate is mild and humid, the British people love the sun.Like I'm doing housework at ordinary times, have a passion for sport, like to travel on holiday.In addition the British very hobby cultural activities, such as reading books, writing articles, to the concert, the theatre, etc, also like pets.。
英语国家社会与文化
英语国家概况 第一课课件
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教师：王春艳 单位：厦门理工学院外语系 时 间： 2 010年9月 12日
汇报日期
教学内容
美国、英国为主，其他次之
单击此处添加文本具体内容，简 明扼要的阐述您的观点。
历史、政治、社会、文化为主，地理等次之
单击此处添加文本具体内容，简 明扼要的阐述您的观点。
英国的昵称
John Bull
St. George & the Dragon
St. George slaying the dragon
St George’s Day
如果把某人描述成英雄，他的一项重要功 绩就会是屠杀怪兽Dragon。
The Dragon
Dragon 与龙
龙译为dragon
• 1815～1823 年马礼逊在澳门编纂出版的《华英-精华大辞书》
个到 绝 了 不 一总 相路之 关，， 的使内 概这涵 念二上 ，者“ 因酿d r为 成a g西 为o n方 了”传 统与教 一“士 个龙的 概”传 念风译马，鬼牛一使不直神相延差及续，，至硬可今是是。被这绑两
• 2为没0挂 有06念 入年“选中，dr国a这g发o一n布”环的有境可2导0能0致8带了年来各北的界京负特奥面别林效是匹果网克，平运呼易动声近会最的吉高强祥的烈物“热里龙闹，”讨因并 论象 将。 重2 0构0 6，年中1 2国月标4 日志，有上可海能的不《再新是闻“早龙报”》》揭的晓新了闻题，为报《导国上度海形某 学当 者 即 建 在 议网 为上 制和 止言 西论 方界 误导 解 致 ， 轩 不 然 以 大 龙 波 作 。 中 国 形 象 标 志 。 这 动 不 动 静 ，
•
dragon 被译为龙。此后至 1898 年，这种辞书都由西方传教士 们晓者编 编白纂 纂，。出dr对版ag于英on这汉译期辞成间书龙所创延有 立续英1了汉9 马辞世礼书纪逊中与的“2误d0r译a世g，o纪n以”之谣词交传条，讹的但。查中d阅r国a阐g学o揭n