英语阅读理解1(1)
(完整版)大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案(一)[1].
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大学英语四级阅读理解试题及答案（一）一There are three kinds of goals: short-term,medium-range and long-term goals. Short-range goals are those that usually deal with current activities,which we can apply on a daily basis.Such goals can be achieved in a week or less,or two weeks,or possible months.It should be remembered that just as a building is no stronger than its foundation ,out long-term goals cannot amount to very munch without the achievement of solid short-term goals.Upon completing our short-term goals,we should date the occasion and then add new short-term goals that will build on those that have been completed.The intermediate goals bukld on the foundation of the short-range goals.They might deal with just one term of school or the entire school year,or they could even extend for several years.Any time you move a step at a time,you should never allow yourself to become discouraged or overwhelmed. As you complete each step,you will enforce the belief in your ability to grow adn succeed.And as your list of completion dates grow,your motivation and desire will increase.Long-range goals may be related to our dreams of the future. They might cover five years or more. Life is not a static thing.We should never allow a long-term goal to limit us or our course of action.1.Our long-term goals mean a lot__.a.if we complete our short-range goalsb.if we cannot reach solid short-term goalsc.if we write down the datesd.if we put forward some plans2.New short-term goals are bulid upon__.a.two yearsb.long-term goalsc.current activitiesd.the goals that have been completed3.When we complete each step of our goals ,__.a.we will win final successb.we are overwhelmedc.we should build up confidence of successd.we should strong desire for setting new goals4.Once our goals are drawn up,__.a.we should stick to them until we complete themb.we may change our goals as we have new ideas and opportunitiesc.we had better wait for the exciting news of successd.we have made great decision5.It is implied but not stated in the passage that ___.a.those who habe long-term goals will succeedb.writing down the dates may discourage youc.the goal is only a guide for us to reach our desinationd.every should have a goal答案：adcbc二The economy of the United states after 1952 was the econnomy of a well-fed,almost fully employed people. Despit occasional alarms, the country escaped any postwar depression and lived in a state of boom. A n economic survey of the year 1955, atypical year of the 1950’s, may be typical as illustrating the rapi d economic growth of the decade. The national output was value at 10 percent above that of 1954 (1955 output was estimated at 392 billion dollars. The production of manufacturers was about 40 percent more than it had averaged in the years immediately following World War 2. The country’s business s pent about 30billion dollars for new factories and machinery. National income available for spending was almost a third greater than it had been it had been in 1950. Consumers spent about 256 billion dollars; that is about 700 million dollars a day ,or about twenty-five million dollars every hour , all round the clock. Sixty-five million people held jobs and only a little more than two million wanted jobs but could not find them . Only agriculture complained that it was not sharing in the room. To some observers this was an ominous echo of the mid-1920’s . As farmer’s shre of their products declined , marketing costs rose. But there were , among the observers of the national economy, a few who were not as confident as the majority . Those few seemed to fear that the boom could not last and would eventually lead to the oppsite-depression.1. What is the best title of the passage?a. The Agriculatural Trends of 1950’sb. The Unemployment Rate of 1950’sc. U.S. Economy in the 50’sd. The Federal Budget of 19522. In Line 4 , the word “boom” could best be replaced by______.a. nearby explosionb. thunderous noisec. general public supportd. rapid economic growth3. It can be inferred the national from the passage that most people in the United States in 1955 viewed the national economy with an air of _________.a. confidenceb. confusionc. disappointmentd. suspicion4. Which of the following were LEAST satisfied with the national economy in the 1950’s?a. Economistsb. Frmaersc. Politiciansd. Steelworkers5. The passage states that incom available for spending in the U.S. was greater in 1955 than in 1950 . How much was it ?a. 60%b. 50%c. 33%d. 90%答案：cdabc三Women are also underrepresented in the administration and this is because there are so few women full professors. In 1985,Regent Beryl Milburn produced a report blasting the University of Texas System adminitration for not encouraging women.The University was rated among the lowest for the system.In a 1987 update ,Milburn commended the progress that was made and called for even more improvement.One of the positive results from her study was a System-wide program to inform women of available administrative jobs.College of Communication Associate Dean Patrica Witherspoon,said it isimportant that woman be flexible when it comesto relocating if they want to rise in the ranks.Although a woman may face a chilly climate on campus , many times in order for her to succeed , she must rise above the problems around her and concentrate on her work.Until women make up a greater percentage of the senior positions in the University and all academia,inequities will exist."Women need to spend their energies and time doing scholarly activities that are important here at the University." Spirduso said. "If they do that will be successful in thissystem.If they spend their time in little groups mourning the sexual discrimination that they think exists here, they are wasting valuable study time."1.According to Spirduso,women need to ____.a.produce a report on sexual discriminationb.call for further improvement in their working conditionsc.spend their energies and time fighting against sexual discriminationd.spend more time and energy doing scholarly activities2.From this passage ,we know that _____.a.there are many women full professors in the University of Texasb.women play an important part in adminitrating the Universityc.the weather on the campus is chillyd.women make up a small percentage of the senior positions in the University3.Which of the following statements is true?a.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was greater than that of 1985b.the number of women professors in the University in 1987 was smaller than that of 1985c.the number of women professors was the same as that of 1985d.more and more women professors thought that sexual discrimination did exit in the University4.One of the positive results from Milburn's study was that _____. a.women were told to con centrate on teir workb.women were given information about available administrative jobsc.women were encouraged to take on all the administrative jobs in the Unversityd.women were encouraged to do more scholarly activities5. The title for this passage should be _______.a.The University of Texasburn's Reportc.Women Professorsd.Sexual Discrimination in Academia答案：ddabd四Today ,as in every other day of the year ,more than 3000 U.S. adlescents will smoke their first cigarette on their way to becoming regular smokers as adults. During their lifetime,it can be expected that of these 3000 about 23 will be murdered,30 will die in traffic accidents, and nearly 750 will be killed by a smoking-related disease. The number of deaths attributed to cigarette smoking outweithts all other factors, whether voluntary or involuntary, as a cause of death.Since the late 1970s, when daily smoking among high school seniors reached 30 precent , smoking rates among youth have declined . While the decline isimpressive ,several important issues must be raised.First, in the past several years,smoking rates among youth have declined very little. Second,in the late 1970s ,smoking among male high school seniors exceeded that among female by nearly 10 percent . The statistic is reversing.Third ,several recent studies have indicate high school dropouts have excessively high smoking rates, as much as 75 percent .Finally, thouth significant declines in adolescent smoking have occurred in the past decade,no definite reasons for the decline exist. Within this context,the Naional Cancer Instiute (NCI began its current effort to determine the most effecive measures to reduce smoking levesl among youth.1.According to the author, the deaths among youth are mainly caused by _____.a.traffic accidentsb.smoking-related deseasec.murderd.all of these2.Every day there are over_____high school strdents who will become regular smoker.a.75b.23c.30d.30003.By "dropout" the author means______.a.students who failed the examinationb.students who left schoolc.students who lost their wayd.students who were driven out of school4.The reason for declining adolescent smoking is that ________.a.NCI has taken effective measuresb.smoking is prevented among high school seniorsc.there are many smokers who have died of cancerd.none of these5.What is implied but not stated by the author is that ________.a.smoking rates among youth have declined very littleb.there are now more female than male smokers among high school seniorsc.high smoking rates are due to the incease in wealthd.smoking at high school are from low socio-economic backgrounds答案：bdbdb五The food we eat seems to have profound effects on our health.Although science has made enormous steps in making food more fit to eat ,it has, at the same time,made many foods unfit to eat. Some research has shown that perhaps eighty percent of all human illnesses are related to diet and forty percent of cancer is related to the diet aswell,especially cancer of the colon. Different cultures are more likely to cause certain different illnesses because of the food that is characteristic in these cultures. That food is related to illness is nto a new discovery. In 1945, about 35 years ago, government researchers realized that nitrates, commonly used to preserve color in meats,and other food additivies,caused cancer. Yet, thesecarcinogenic additives remain in our food, and it becomes more difficult all the time to know which things on the packaging labels of processed food are helpful or harmful. The additives which we eat are not all so direct. Farmers often give penicillin to beef and living animals, and because of this ,penicillin has been found in the milk of treated cow. Sometimes similar drugs are given to animals not for medical purposes,but for financial reasons. The farmers are simply trying to fatten the animals in order to obtain a higher price on the market. Although the Food and Drug Administration(FDA has tried repeatedly to control these procedures, the practices continue.1.What is the best possible title of the passage?a.Drug and Foodb.Cancer and Healthc.Food and Healthd.Health and Drug2.Which of the following statements is NOT ture?a.Drugs are always given to animals for medical reasonsb.Some of the additives in our food are added to the food itself and some are given to the living animalsc.Researchers have known about the potential dangers of food additives for over thirty-five years.d.Food may cause forty percent of cancer in world.3.How has science done something harmful to mankind?a.Because of science , diseases caused by polluted food haven been virtually eliminated.b.It has caused a lack of information concerning the value of food.c.Because of the application of science,some potentially harmful substances have been added to food.d.The scientists have preserved the color of meats,but not of vegetables.4.What are nitrates used for?a.They preserve flavor in packaged foods.b.They preserve the color of meats.c.They are the objects of research.d.They cause the animals to become fatter.5.The word 'carcinogenic' most nearly means '_____'. a.trouble-makingb.color-retainingc.money-makingd.cancer-causing答案：cacbd。
高一英语阅读理解专项练习题含答案(一)
高一英语阅读理解专项练习题含答案（一）AAre you a music lover？If your answer is yes，you might be interested in the following music services.Apple MusicApple Music has more than 30 million songs and is available in over 100 countries.Search for “Holiday Mus ic” to find playlists.Then tell voice assistant Siri to “play holiday music” to open the music program on your iPhone，iPad or Apple TV.The app will provide holiday playlists and stations.You can also listen to Apple Music on your computer through the iTunes store or on Apple TV.Apple Music is free for the first three months.After that，users must pay a subscription (订阅) fee.Google Play MusicGoogle Play Music is also in the holiday spirit.Go to the Google Play Music Holiday page or app and search for “Holiday Music”．Google Play Music is available for free if you don't mind the advertisements.If you do，buy a paid subscription to avoid them.Google Play Music offers more than 30 million songs in 58 countries.The service is available on your computer，and through apps on your Android phone and iPhone.Live 365Live 365 is an Internet radio service available on your computer or mobile device.The service has 158 Christmas music stations，such as Contemporary Christmas，Christmas Breezes and Classical Christmas.Live 365 is free and available around the world.Searching for “Holiday Music”lets you listen to more stations without advertisements.SpotifySpotify，another online service，is filled with holiday music.Listen to playlists on Spotify by searching for “Holiday Music”．The playlists include Merry Christmas，The Best Holiday Music，Pure Christmas Music and Pure Holiday Music.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。
初中英语英语初中英语记叙文阅读理解及答案及解析(1)
初中英语英语初中英语记叙文阅读理解及答案及解析(1)一、初中英语记叙文阅读理解1．阅读下列短文，从每题所给的几个选项中，选出最佳选项。
When he was nine years old, American boy Milo Cress had a question: How many plastic straws （吸管） do Americans use every day?He quickly learned there wasn't a simple answer. The boy tried to work it out himself. Through lots of research, Cress found out that Americans use about 500 million straws every day. In hopes of reducing plastic waste, he founded the Be Straw Free project in 2011.Cress started the project in his hometown – Burlington, Vermont. He asked a local restaurant to stop offering straws with every drink order. It was a simple change. However, it would save money. And by doing that, the restaurant would cut down on its straw use by 50 percent.For the years that followed, Cress tried to spread his project across the United States. More and more restaurants agreed to join. They stop providing the customer with a straw unless he or she asks for one. Last April, Seattle became the first American city to completely ban （禁止）plastic straws.Plastic pollution has been one of the most serious problems today. According to scientists, more than eight million tons of plastic end up in the ocean each year. Plastic straws are especially terrible. They make it easy for people to get comfortable with single-use plastics.After his project became popular, Cress took his findings on the road. He has since spoken to tens of thousands of students around the world. He wants to encourage more people to say no to plastic straws."Focusing（聚焦） on straws is one simple step we all could take," Cress says. "And it makes me feel that I, as a kid, could make a difference, too."（1）When did Milo Cress start to care about the problem of straws?A. Ten years ago.B. In the year 2011.C. In the year that he was 9.（2）Cress started the Be Straw Free project in order to .A. get a good score in science at his schoolB. encourage people to reduce plastic wasteC. become a famous person in his hometown（3）What did Cress ask a restaurant in Burlington to do?A. Stop offering straws to its customers.B. Prevent people from using straws to drink.C. Count the number of straws it uses every day.（4）Plastic straws are especially terrible because .A. they are the most serious problem todayB. scientists pay little attention to their influenceC. they help people get used to using single-use plastics（5）Over the years, Cress has .① spread his project acr oss the United States② asked Seattle to completely ban plastic bags③ counted the plastic straws in the ocean every year④ spoken to teens around the world about plastic wasteA. ①③B. ②③C. ①④2．阅读下面短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
高中英语专项训练《阅读理解》(一)
高中英语专项训练《阅读理解》(一)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
AMoringa Farm Internship ProgramDATE：5May〜30November2019LOCATION:Jaipur IndiaEVENT TYPE：TwiningEVENT INDUSTRY/TOPIC:Clean Energy,Climate&Environment,Food&Agriculture and Quality/Process ManagemMoringa(辣木),a kind of miracle tree,has come a long way today to become a symbol of the fight against growing nutrition deficiency(营养不足)across the globe.It is also a crop suited to the climatic conditions of the region,which is unusually rich in its nutrition content literally from top to bottom.Supporting learning：The Moringa Farm Internship Program is sort of like a live,interactive slideshow of agriculture making of Moringa from“Soil to Super food”that touches all the participant’s senses.The Program’s Objectives：The Moringa Farm Internship Program is devoted to enriching the knowledge and lives of young people by providing them with a unique educational experience on an organic Moringa Farm in rural Jaipur,India.Program participants can learn about conservation,maintenance(维护),care, and management of Moringa Farming by means of hands-on work experience with local MoringaFarm staff.Participants will be able to interact with Moringa specialists and educators,on all issues that may affect their operations.Experts will let you know management strategies and equipment operation up close on hand to answer your specific questions.The Moringa Farm Internship will provide an excellent opportunity to learn about sustainable tools,techniques,and approaches that can be used in Moringa Production and value-added production systems,righting(突出)pest and disease management,leaf/seed production,and tools and equipment for commercial production.If you’re trying to learn about Moringa,there’s nothing like going to a farm and getting your hands dirty.So click here to register now!1.Why is Moringa specifically described in the text?A.To stress the importance of the crop.B.To encourage people to plant Moringa.C.To show the significance of the program.D.To draw attention to nutrition deficiency.2.What can we know about the Moringa Farm Internship Program?A.It is intended for farmers.B.It lasts more than half a year.C.It provides vocational training.D.It is available on the Internet.3.How do the program’s participants learn about Moringa?A.By attending various courses about it.B.By involving themselves in farming it.C.By observing specialists and educators.D.By watching slideshows about the crop.BWe had two dogs,Lucky and Lily Bit.Lucky loved to find ways to leave the confines(束缚)of her indoor living routine,which made her a masterful escape artist.Lily Bit,on the other hand,did exactly as she was told,never straying,always staying close to home...except when she came under the influence of Lucky.Whenever the two got out together,they could be seen out of sights often staying away for hours.More often than not,they’d arrive home near suppertime,covered in mud and leaves andsmelling to high heaven from their afternoon outing in the woods.I remember one such occasion when they’d once again mysteriously escaped,except this time, they returned clean and no worse for wear.It wasn’t until a few days later that we learned why.My wife ran into our neighbor Carl who lived a few houses down from us.“I saw your two dogs the other day,”Carl said with a smile,“Oh,yes?I’m so sorry.They’d been so good lately,so it was such a surprise when they got out.I sure hope they didn’t cause any trouble.”my wife replied,“Oh,no,no trouble at all.Did you have any idea where they went?”“No,”my wife answered.“They attended my dog’s funeral(葬礼)”Carl said sadly.“What?”Ann exclaimed,“Oh,no.I didn’t know Toby had died.“Yep,it died a couple days ago.I was burying him in the back lot when your two dogs came running up.They sat down not far from me while.I finished burying him,then they left.”“Wow that’s amazing!”my wife replied.“Toby was Lily Bit’s father,you know.”“No,I didn’t know that,”Carl replied,“but I guess that explains why she felt like she needed to be there.She had to say her final goodbye.”4.What words can best explain the meaning of the word“straying”underlined in Para.1?A.Wandering away.B.Staying stillC.Shouting loudly.D.Disobeying impolitely.5.What difference between Lucky and Lily Bit is suggested in the first paragraph?A.Their abilities were different.B.Their hobbies were different.C.Their personalities were differentD.Their physical features were different.6.What would generally happen to the two dogs after they got home from outside?A.They got more united.B.They looked in a mess.C.They smelled nice as usual.D.They got willing to do as told to.7.What is the author’s purpose of writing the text?A.To show his respect for dogs.B.To be in memory of his dogs.C.To suggest learning from dogs,D.To think highly of his two dogs.CTwo years ago,Kursat Ceylan was in New York to give a talk about disability rights at theU.N..Blind since birth,the Turkish man was struggling to find his hotel,holding a cane in one hand and pulling his luggage with the other.“Not surprisingly,all of a sudden I bumped into a pole,”he says.“It was a little bit bloody.”The problem with a cane is that,while it can tell you what's on the grounds it doesn't help with objects at the body or head level.It wasn't the first time Ceylan had run into something,injuring himself.“I have no problem with my scars,they make me more handsome I guess,”Ceylan says, laughing.“But I don’t need new ones.”With WeWalk,a new smart cane,Ceylan hopes to help other blind people navigate their environments more easily.The cane uses an ultrasonic(超声波)sensor which detects objects at body or head level and gives a warning vibration.WeWalk users pair the cane with their smartphones and then use the cane's touchpad to access features like voice assistant or navigation.Before leaving home,they can plug their destination into Google Maps and get spoken directions as they walk.In the future,Ceylan hopes to connect WeWalk with public transportation and ridesharing services.The GPS-and voice technology-enabled cane can tell users what’s around them—they’re passing a McDonald’s,they’re at Exit D of the subway station.An ultrasonic sensor detects objects at body or head level and gives a warning vibration.Assistive technology is often expensive for blind people,says Eelke Folmer,a computer science professor at the University of Nevada!Reno.But developers fail to realize their devices are out of reach for many blind people.To Folmer,the price point—$500——sets the WeWalk cane apart from other technologies.Ceylan sees WeWalk as part of an attempt to help blind people achieve greater freedom of movement,which he believes will give them greater access to education and jobs.The canes are already having an impact on users,Ceylan says.He recently received an email from a teacher in Ireland who had become blind as an adult.He'd been depressed and housebound.But since gettinga WeWalk cane,“your device forced me to go out.It became my anti-depressant.”he wrote.8.Why is a story about Kursat Ceylan given at the beginning of the text?A.To stress the difficulty caused by blindness.B.To show his reason for developing his cane.C.To indicate the problems with present canes.D.To show his positive and humorous character.9.What can WeWalk do at present according to the text?A.Provide fast Internet access.B.Start conversations with users.C.Tell users what is around them.D.Connect with ridesharing services.10.What does Folmer think is the advantage of WeWalk over other assistive technologies?A.It is easily affordable,B.It is easily controllable.C.It works better for users,D.It looks more attractive.11.What is the text mainly about?A.The increasing demand for smart canes.B.A blind man’s devotion to smart canes.C.A smart cane’s effects on blind people.D.An assistive technology for the blind.DWhen you think of a national park,you generally picture fresh air and wild animals,right?Well, now you're going to have to add tea shops and something called"the Tube"to your definition, because London,England has signed up to be the first"National Park City."London was established by the Romans around2,000years ago and has been continually inhabited(居住于)since then.In all that time,however,nobody had the idea to replace all the parks with big box stores or high buildings,which means London already has a much lower urban density(密度)than most of the worlds cities.Nowadays about a third of the city is green space,In July2019,London announced its willingness to become the world’s first National Park City.Now the city is moving toward the goal of achieving50%green space by the year2050by connecting and expanding public parks,greening up unused parking lots and the private yards of existing and new houses,fixing some green roofs on existing buildings and even cutting holes in fences for wildlife to pass through."Inspired by the aims and values of our precious rural national parks,the London National Park City is basically about making life better in the capital through both small everyday things and long-term strategic thinking,"Daniel Raven-Ellison,who began the campaign to make London a National Park City six years ago said in a press release."We've been doing that in London forcenturies,which is why London is so green and diverse."London will have a much easier job achieving this type of green transformation than more densely-urbanized cities like Paris and New York,which have10%and27%greenspace, respectively.But that doesn't mean it's not possible——the National Park City Foundation hopes to employ25more cities in addition to London by the year2025.Glasgow,Scotland and Newcastle upon Tyne in northeast England are both currently considering becoming National Park Cities.12.What makes London more likely to become a national park city than other cities?A.Its smaller population.B.The government’s efforts.C.Its less dense urbanization,D.Its citizens’great support.13.Where can we find the data on London’s measures to achieve its goal?A.In Paragraph1.B.In Paragraph2.C.In Paragraph3.D.In Paragraph4.14.What is Daniel Raven-Ellison trying to talk about in the fourth paragraph?A.London’s long-term strategic thinking.B.The significance of London’s campaign.C.The effects of national parks on London.D.The resources of London’s green space.15.What can we infer from the last paragraph?A.Trying to be a national park city is turning new trend.B.National park cities are springing up around the world.C.It is so easy for London to become a national park city.D.National park cities are making improvements to our life.高中英语专项训练《阅读理解》(一)答案A【答案】1.C 2.D 3.B B【答案】4.A 5.C 6.B7.DC【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.D D【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.A。
考研阅读理解英语一真题
考研阅读理解英语一真题说到词汇量，就免不了要背单词，这也是我们每个考研人都感到头疼的地方。
大多数同学都有这样的体会，单词背了忘，忘了又背，做翻译阅读时，觉得很眼熟、很亲切，但就是想不起来，下文是我为你精心编辑整理的考研阅读理解英语一真题，希望对你有所帮助，更多内容，请点击相关栏目查看，谢谢!考研阅读理解英语一真题1Text 3The journal Science is adding an extra source at Peer-review process, editor-in-chief Marcia McNott announced today. The Follows similar efforts from other journals, after widespread concern that Mistakes in data analysis are contributing to the Published research findings.Readers must have confidence in the conclusions published in our journal,writes McNutt in an editorial. Working with the American Statistical Association, the Journal has appointed seven experts to a statistics board of reviewing Manuscript will be flagged up for additional scrutiny by the Journals editors, or by its existing Board of Reviewing Editors or by outside peer The SBoRE panel will then find external statisticians to review theseAsked whether any particular papers had impelled the change, McNutt said,The creation of thestatistics boardwas motivated by concerns broadly with the application of statistics and data analysis in scientific research and is part of Sciences overall drive to increase reproducibility in the research we publish.Giovanni Parmigiani，a biostatistician at the Harvard School of Public Health, a member of the SBoRE group, says he expects the board to play primarily on advisory role. He agreed to join because he found the foresight behind the establishment of the SBoRE to be novel, unique and likely to have a lasting impact. This impact will not only be through the publications in Science itself, but hopefully through a larger group of publishing places that may want to model their approach after Science.John Ioannidis, a physician who studies research methodology, says that the policy is a most welcome step forwardand long overdue,Most journals are weak in statistical review，and this damages the quality of what they publish. I think that, for the majority of scientific papers nowadays, statistical review is more essential than expert review,he says. But he noted that biomedical journals such as Annals of Internal Medicine, the Journal of the American Medical Association and The Lancet pay strong attention to statistical review.Professional scientists are expected to know how to analyze data, but statistical errors are alarmingly common in published research，according to David Vaux，a cell biologist. Researchers should improve their standards, he wrote in 2023，but journals should also take a tougher line，engaging reviewers who are statistically literate and editors who can verify the process.Vaux says that Sciences idea to pass some papers to statisticians has some merit，but a weakness is that it relies on the board of reviewing editors to identifythe papers that need scrutinyin the first place.31. It can be learned from Paragraph I that[A] Science intends to simplify its peer-review process.[B]journals are strengthening their statistical checks.[C]few journals are blamed for mistakes in data analysis.[D]lack of data analysis is common in research projects.32. The phrase flagged up (Para.2)is the closest in meaning to[A]found.[B]revised.[C]marked[D]stored33. Giovanni Parmigiani believes that the establishment of the SBoRE may[A]pose a threat to all its peers[B]meet with strong opposition[C]increase Sciences circulation.[D]set an example for other journals34. David Vaux holds that what Science is doing nowA. adds to researchers worklosd.B. diminishes the role of reviewers.C. has room for further improvement.D. is to fail in the foreseeable future.35. Which of the following is the best title of the text?A. Science Joins Push to Screen Statistics in PapersB. Professional Statisticians Deserve More RespectC. Data Analysis Finds Its Way onto Editors DesksD. Statisticians Are Coming Back with Science31.B journals are strengthening their statistical checks32.B marked33. D set an example for other journals34. C has room for further improvement35.A science joins Push to screen statistics in papers考研阅读理解英语一真题2Text 3The US$3-million Fundamental physics prize is indeed an interesting experiment, as Alexander Polyakov said when he accepted this year’s award in March. And it is far from the only one of its type. As a News Feature article in Nature discusses, a string of lucrative awardsfor researchers have joined the Nobel Prizes in recent years. Many, like the Fundamental Physics Prize, are funded from thetelephone-number-sized bank accounts of Internet entrepreneurs. These benefactors have succeeded in their chosen fields, they say, and they want to use their wealth to draw attention to those who have succeeded in science.What’s not to like?Quite a lot, according to a handful of scientists quoted in the News Feature. You cannot buy class, as the old saying goes, and these upstart entrepreneurs cannot buy their prizes the prestige of the Nobels, The new awards are an exercise in self-promotion for those behind them, say scientists. They could distort the achievement-based system ofpeer-review-led research. They could cement the status quo ofpeer-reviewed research. They do not fund peer-reviewed research. They perpetuate the myth of the lone genius.The goals of the prize-givers seem as scattered as the criticism.Some want to shock, others to draw people into science, or to better reward those who have made their careers in research.As Nature has pointed out before, there are some legitimate concerns about how science prizes—both new and old—are distributed. The Breakthrough Prize in Life Sciences, launched this year, takes anunrepresentative view of what the life sciences include.But the Nobel Foundation’s limit of three recipients per prize, each of whom must stillbe living, has long been outgrown by the collaborative nature of modern research—as will be demonstrated by the inevitable row over who is ignored when it comes to acknowledging the discovery of the Higgs boson. The Nobels were, of course,themselves set up by a very rich individual who had decided what he wanted to do with his own money. Time, rather than intention, has given them legitimacy.As much as some scientists may complain about the new awards, two things seem clear. First, most researchers would accept such a prizeif they were offered one. Second, it is surely a good thing that the money and attention come to science rather than go elsewhere, It is fair to criticize and question the mechanism—that is the culture of research, after all—but it is the prize-givers’ money to do with as they please. It is wise to take such gifts with gratitude and grace.真题解析：文章主题及背景知识：此篇阅读的主题内容为“基础物理学奖”，如果对于这一背景信息有所了解，这篇文章便可轻松看懂，做题更是十拿九稳!与2023年相比，2023考研阅读文章同样注重时效性，Text3便是反应了2023年3月份的一次实时事件：基础物理学基金会于3月20日晚在瑞士日内瓦揭晓了2023年基础物理学奖!所以2023考研的同学们一定要多多关注社会热点话题，拓展视野，丰富自己的文化背景知识，这样才能取得事半功倍的效果!文章讲到的是关于和诺贝尔奖一样的奖金丰厚的奖项出现，这些奖项就是由一些网络的公司或者是一些新贵们他们得出这样大量的钱，当然会遭出一些批评，这些奖项还是没法和诺贝尔奖相比的，阶级是没法改变的，名望是没法购买的。
初中英语阅读理解题及答案解析
初中英语阅读理解题及答案解析阅读理解题一My name is Lisa. I am from Canada. I am thirteen years old. I am in No. 2 Middle School. I am in Class Four, Grade Seven. I am in Class Four because I am not very good at math. My math is not as good as my English. I am taller than my brother, but my brother is stronger than me. I have a sister. My sister is very good at math, but she is not as good as me in English.Question: How old is Lisa? A. Twelve.. Thirteen.. Fourteen.. Fifteen.Answer: B. Thirteen.Analysis: According to the passage, Lisa states that she is thirteen years old.阅读理解题二I have a good friend. His name is Mike. He is from Australia. He is fifteen years old. He likes playing basketball and he is very good at it. He often practices basketball with his friends after school. He also likes playing the guitar. Mike is not only talented but also hardworking. He is one of the top students in his class. He is friendly and always helps others. We often study and play together. We have a lot of fun.Question: Where is Mike from? A. Canada.. Australia.. America.. England.Answer: B. Australia.Analysis: The passage mentions that Mike is from Australia.阅读理解题三Lucy is a student. She is twelve years old. Her favorite subject is Math. She thinks math is very interesting. Lucy has a brother named Tom. Tom is in the same grade as her. However, Tom likes English better than math. Lucy and Tom are both good students. They often help each other with their schoolwork.Question: What is Lucy’s favorite subject? A. English.. Math.. Science.. History.Answer: B. Math.Analysis: The passage states that Lucy’s favorite subject is Math.阅读理解题四Emma is from the United Kingdom. She is thirteen years old. She is a diligent student. Her favorite subject is Science. Emma likes doing experiments. She often helps her classmates with their science projects. She hopes to become a scientist when she grows up. Emma also enjoys playing the piano. She practices for two hours every day.Question: What is Emma’s favorite subject? A. Math.. Science.. English.. History.Answer: B. Science.Analysis: The passage mentions that Emma’s favorite subject is Science.阅读理解题五Jason is a young boy. He is twelve years old. He is from Canada. Jason is good at sports and he enjoys playing soccer with his friends in his free time. He is also a talente d artist. His paintings are often displayed at school exhibitions. Jason’s classmates think highly of his artwork.Question: What is Jason good at? A. Music.. Art.. Math.. Science.Answer: B. Art.Analysis: The passage states that Jason is a talented artist and his paintings are often displayed at school exhibitions.总结：通过以上阅读理解习题的学习，我们可以掌握不同人物的基本信息，如姓名、年龄、爱好等。
英语阅读理解(一)解题方法和技巧
英语阅读理解（一）解题方法和技巧阅读理解也是中考英语题的必考题目之一，本题型旨在考查学生阅读，理解的能力，几年来，中考英语题中的阅读理解材料新，题材丰富，考查学生综合推断能力，根据语篇猜单词意思的能力的力度加大，也考查学生关注细节的能力。
所以学生往往要么没能正确理解语篇中某些句子的意思，在细节题上丢分，要么就是对语篇的整体把握不够，在综合题或者推断题方面丢分。
那么到底怎么做好阅读理解这一题型呢？今天，带大家一起来看下！中考阅读理解考查主要内容1考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力此类考查主旨和大意的题大多数针对段落（或短文）的主题，主题思想，标题或目的，其主要提问方式是：(1) Which is the best title of the passage?about?(2) Which of the following is this passage(3) In this passage the writer tries to tell us that_____.(4) The passage tells us that______.(5) This passage mainly talks about_______.2考查掌握所读材料的主旨和大意的能力考查把握文章的事实和细节的能力。
此类考查事实和细节的题目大多数是针对文章的细节设计的，其主要提问方式是：(1) Which of the following is right?(2) Which of the following is not mentioned?(3) Which of the following is Not True in the passage?(4) Choose the right order of this passage.(5) From this passage we know ________.3考查根据上下文猜测生词的含义的能力此类猜测词义的题目要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语的准确含义。
考研阅读理解真题英语一
考研阅读理解真题英语一考研阅读理解真题英语一1Text 2When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August，his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses， he came right out and said he was leaving “to pursue my goal of running a comp any.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision，” McGee says. Within two weeks， he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group， which named him CEO and chairman on September 29. McGee says leaving without a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn‘t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looking for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure，executives who don’t get the nod also may wish to move on. A turbulent business environment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold， deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net. In the third quarter， CEO turnover was down 23% from a year ago as nervous boards stuck with the leaders they had， according to Liberum Research. As the economy picks up， opportunities will abound for aspiring leaders.The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional. For years executives and headhunters have adhered to the rule that the most attractive CEO candidates are the ones who must be poached. Says Korn/Ferry senior partner Dennis Carey：“I can‘t think of a single search I’ve done where a board has not instructed me to look at sitting CEOs first.”Those who jumped without a job haven‘t always landed in top positions quickly. Ellen Marram quit as chief of Tropicana a decade age， saying she wanted to be a CEO. It was a year before she became head of a tiny Internetbased commodities exchange. Robert Willumstad left Citigroup in 2022 with ambitions to be a CEO. He finally took that post at a major financial institution three years later.Many recruiters say the old disgrace is fading for top performers. The financial crisis has made it more acceptableto be between jobs or to leave a bad one. “The traditional rule was it‘s safer to stay where you are，but that’s been fundamentally inverted，” says one headhunter. “The people who‘ve been hurt the worst are those who’ve stayed too long.”26. When McGee announced his departure， his manner can best be described as being[A]arrogant.[B]frank.[C]selfcentered.[D]impulsive.27. According to Paragraph 2，senior executives‘ quitting may be spurred by[A]their expectation of better financial status.[B]their need to reflect on their private life.[C]their strained relations with the boards.[D]their pursuit of new career goals.28. The word “poached” (Lin e 3， Paragraph 4) most probably means[A]approved of.[B]attended to.[C]hunted for.[D]guarded against.29. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A]top performers used to cling to their posts.[B]loyalty of top performers is getting outdated.[C]top performers care more about reputations.[D]it‘s safer to stick to the traditional rules.30. Which of the following is the best title for the text?[A]CEOs： Where to Go?[B]CEOs： All the Way Up?[C]Top Managers Jump without a Net[D]The Only Way Out for Top Performers考研阅读理解真题英语一2TEXT 2Just how much does the Constitution protect your digital data? The Supreme Court will now consider whether police can search the contents of a mobile phone without a warrant if the phone is on or around a person during an arrest.California has asked the justices to refrain from a sweeping ruling, particularly one that upsets the old assumptions that authorities may search through the possessions of suspects at the time of their arrest. It is hard, the state argues, for judges to assess the implications of new and rapidly changing technologies.The court would be recklessly modest if it followed Californias advice. Enough of the implications are discernable, even obvious, so that the justice can and should provide updated guidelines to police, lawyers and defendants.They should start by discarding Californias lame argument that exploring the contents of a smartphone a vast storehouse of digital information is similar to say, going through a suspects purse .The court has ruled that police dont violate the Fourth Amendment when they go through the wallet or pocketbook, of an arrestee without a warrant. But exploring ones smartphone is more like entering his or her home. A smartphone may contain an arrestees reading history, financial history, medical history and comprehensive records of recent correspondence. The development of cloud computing. meanwhile, has made that exploration so much the easier.But the justices should not swallow Californias argument whole. New, disruptive technology sometimes demands novel applications of the Constitutions protections. Orin Kerr, a law professor, compares the explosion and accessibility of digital information in the 21st century with the establishment of automobile use as a digital necessity of life in the 20th: The justices had to specify novel rules for the new personal domainof the passenger car then; they must sort out how the Fourth Amendment applies to digital information now.26. The Supreme court, will work out whether, during an arrest, it is legitimate to[A] search for suspects mobile phones without a warrant.[B] check suspects phone contents without being authorized.[C] prevent suspects from deleting their phone contents.[D] prohibit suspects from using their mobile phones.27. The authors attitude toward Californias argument is one of[A] tolerance.[B] indifference.[C] disapproval.[D] cautiousness.28. The author believes that exploring ones phone content is comparable to[A] getting into ones residence.[B] handing ones historical records.[C] scanning ones correspondences.[D] going through ones wallet.29. In Paragraph 5 and 6, the author shows his concernthat[A] principles are hard to be clearly expressed.[B] the court is giving police less room for action.[C] phones are used to store sensitive information.[D] citizens privacy is not effective protected.30.Orin Kerrs comparison is quoted to indicate that(A)the Constitution should be implemented flexibly.(B)New technology requires reinterpretation of the Constitution.(C)Californias argument violates principles of the Constitution.(D)Principles of the Constitution should never be altered.考研阅读理解真题英语一3Text 2A new survey by Harvard University finds more than twothirds of young Americans disapprove of President Trump’s use of Twitter. The implication is that Millennials prefer news from the White House to be filtered through other source, Not a president’s social media platfo rm.Most Americans rely on social media to check daily headlines. Yet as distrust has risen toward all media, peoplemay be starting to beef up their media literacy skills. Such a trend is badly needed. During the 2022 presidential campaign, nearly a quarter of web content shared by Twitter users in the politically critical state of Michigan was fake news, according to the University of Oxford. And a survey conducted for BuzzFeed News found 44 percent of Facebook users rarely or never trust news from the media giant.Young people who are digital natives are indeed becoming more skillful at separating fact from fiction in cyberspace.A Knight Foundation focusgroup survey of young people between ages 14and24 found they use “distributed trust” to verify stories. They crosscheck sources and prefer news from different perspectives—especially those that are open about any bias. “Many young people assume a great deal of personal responsibility for educating themselves and actively seeking out opposing viewpoints,” the survey concluded.Such active research can have another effect. A 2022 survey conducted in Australia, Britain, and the United States by the University of WisconsinMadison found that young people’s reliance on social media led to gre ater political engagement.Social media allows users to experience news events moreintimately and immediately while also permitting them to reshare news as a projection of their values and interests. This forces users to be more conscious of their role in passing along information. A survey by Barna research group found the top reason given by Americans for the fake news phenomenon is “reader error,” more so than madeup stories or factual mistakes in reporting. About a third say the problem of fake news lies in “misinterpretation or exaggeration of actual news” via social media. In other words, the choice to share news on social media may be the heart of the issue. “This indicates there is a real personal responsibility in counteracting this problem,” says Roxanne Stone, editor in chief at Barna Group. So when young people are critical of an overtweeting president, they reveal a mental discipline in thinking skills – and in their choices on when to share on social media.26. According to the Paragraphs 1 and 2, many young Americans cast doubts on[A] the justification of the newsfiltering practice.[B] people’s preference for social media platforms.[C] the administrations ability to handle information.[D] social media was a reliable source of news.27. The phrase “beer up”(Line 2, Para. 2) is closestin meaning to[A] sharpen[B] define[C] boast[D] share28. According to the knight foundation survey, young people[A] tend to voice their opinions in cyberspace.[B] verify news by referring to diverse resources.[C] have s strong sense of responsibility.[D] like to exchange views on “distributed trust”29. The Barna survey found that a main cause for the fake news problem is[A] readers outdated values.[B] journalists’ biased reporting[C] readers’ misinterpretation[D] journalists’ madeup stories.30. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?[A] A Rise in Critical Skills for Sharing News Online[B] A Counteraction Against the Overtweeting Trend[C] The Accumulation of Mutual Trust on Social Media.[D] The Platforms for Projection of Personal Interests.考研阅读理解真题英语一4Text 2All around the world, lawyers generate more hostility than the members of any other professionwith the possible exception of journalism. But there are few places where clients have more grounds for complaint than America.During the decade before the economic crisis, spending on legal services in America grew twice as fast as inflation. The best lawyers made skyscrapersfull of money, tempting ever more students to pile into law schools. But most law graduates never get a bigfirm job. Many of them instead become the kind of nuisancelawsuit filer that makes the tort system a costly nightmare.There are many reasons for this. One is the excessive costs of a legal education. There is just one path for a lawyer in most American states: a fouryear undergraduate degree at one of 200 law schools authorized by the American Bar Association and an expensive preparation for the bar exam. This leaves today’s average lawschool graduate with $100,000 of debt on top of undergraduate debts. Lawschool debt means that they have to work fearsomely hard.Reforming the system would help both lawyers and their customers. Sensible ideas have been around for a long time, but the statelevel bodies that govern the profession have been too conservative to implement them. One idea is to allow people to study law as an undergraduate degree. Another is to let students sit for the bar after only two years of law school. If the bar exam is truly a stern enough test for a wouldbe lawyer, those who can sit it earlier should be allowed to do so.Students who do not need the extra training could cut their debt mountain by a third.The other reason why costs are so high is the restrictive guildlike ownership structure of the business. Except in the District of Columbia, nonlawyers may not own any share of a law firm. This keeps fees high and innovation slow. There is pressure for change from within the profession, but opponents of change among the regulators insist that keeping outsiders out of a law firm isolates lawyers from the pressure to make money rather than serve clients ethically.In fact,allowing nonlawyers to own shares in law firms would reduce costs and improve services to customers, by encouraging law firms to use technology and to employ professional managers to focus on improving firms’ efficiency. After all, other countries, such as Australia and Britain, havestarted liberalizing their legal professions. America should follow.26.a lot of students take up law as their profession due to[A]the growing demand from clients.[B]the increasing pressure of inflation.[C]the prospect of working in big firms.[D]the attraction of financial rewards.答案：D。
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1Mr. Green: Good morning, Mr. Wu! How do you usually go to work?Mr. Wu: I usually go to work by bike. But sometimes I go on foot. I like walking.Mr. Green: Walking is good. Look at the sun. It‟s a fine day for walking today.Mr. Wu: That‟s right. An d the air today is nice and clean. What about you? Do you often go to work by bike?Mr. Green: Yes, but not today.Mr. Wu: Why not?Mr. Green: My bike is broken.（）1、Mr. Wu usually goes to work . A. by bike B. on foot.（）2、Mr. Wu likes to . A. walk B. run（）3、The today is nice and clean. A. fish B. air（）4、Mr. Green goes to work today. A. on foot B. by bike（）5、Mr. Gre en‟s bike is. A. good B. bad2In many countries of the world, farmers and their families live in villages and towns. But in the United States, each farmer lives on his own farm, often without any neighbors. American farmers stay on thei r farm for a week. They don‟t have to go from a village to the farm every morning. They go to the nearest town on Saturdays for shopping or on Sundays for a party. The children take buses to large schools. These schools are for the farm families. Some children will walk to school. There are no roads for buses to go for them.（）1、In ________ , farmers live on their own farms.A. many countriesB. the United States（）2、American farmers stay on their farm for _________ .A. a monthB. 7 days（）3、American farmers can go shopping in the nearest town on________ .A. SaturdayB. Sunday（）4、The farmer‟s children can go to school________ .A. by carB. by bus（）5、Some children go to school on foot because _________ .A. their home isn‟t far from school.B. there are no roads for buses.3Tomorrow is Sunday. Sarah is going to the park with her best friend, Amy. The bus stop is near her home. So Sarah is going to walk to the bus stop and take the No. 2 bus to Amy‟s home. Then they‟re going to the park on foot, because the park is near Amy‟s home. They are going to play chess under the tree. They are going to take pictures and watch the beautiful flowers, too.（）1、What day is it today? A. It‟s Sunday. B. It‟s Saturday.（）2、What is Sarah going to do tomorrow?A. She is going to the park.B. She is going to the zoo.（）3、Sarah is going to Amy‟s home.A. on footB. by bus（）4、The park is near home.A. Sarah‟sB. Amy‟s（）5、Sarah and Amy are going to _______in the park.A. play chess and draw picturesB. take pictures and watch flowers.4Amy and Tom are going to have a busy day next Sunday. In the morning, Tom is going to visit his aunt and Amy is going to buy a cat in the pet shop. Tom is going to have lunch with his aunt. After lunch, Amy is going to borrow some magazines and comic books in the library. Tom is going to buy a dictionary and a new CD in the bookstore. Finally, Amy and Tom are going to buy some apples and go home by subway.（）1、Tom is going to the country with his aunt next Sunday.（）2、Amy is going to the pet shop next Sunday.（）3、Tom is going to have lunch with Amy.（）4、Amy is going to read books in the library.（）5、Amy and Tom are going home by subway together.5Hi, My name is Lily. I am short and thin. My friend‟s name is Sarah. She‟s tall and strong. We‟re in the same class. I‟m in Class 4. Grade 5. We have four classes in the morning and two in the afternoon from Monday to Friday. We like Thursday, because we have P.E. class. We can play ping-pong. Mr Zhou is our P.E. teacher. He is funny and kind. We like him very much.（）1、Sarah is in Class4, Grade 5.（）2、Lily is tall and thin.（）3、Lily and Sarah have six classes every day.（）4、Miss Zhou is their P.E. teacher.（）5、Mr Zhou is a funny and kind teacher.6Amy: Where are you going this summer holiday?John: I‟m going to Guilin.Amy: Oh, I went there with my mom last summer holiday.John: Really? How did you get there?Amy: I went to Gunlin by train, it was crowd on the train.John: I‟m going there by plane.Amy: Good idea. Who are you going with?John: I‟m goin g with my parents.Amy: Guilin is very beautiful, we were very happy on our trip. You will have a good time. John: Thank you.（）1、John is going to Guilin with his father and mother this summer holiday.（）2、Amy went there with her parents last year.（）3、It was not comfortable to go there by train.（）4、John is going there by plane.（）5、Guilin is in north of China.7My name is Jack. I come from London. I‟m tall and strong. I like Chinese food very much, it is delicious. I often have noodles and beef. I can‟t cook the meals, so I always have meals at school. My favourite food is beef and potatoes. They are tasty. I also like Beijing Duck very much. I can have it in the restaurant.（）1、Where is Jack from?A. He is from China.B. He is from America.C. He is from England.（）2、What‟s he like?A. He is tall and thin.B. He is short and strong.C. He is tall and strong.（）3、What does he like?A. He likes noodles and beef.B. He likes beef and potatoesC. He likes duck.（）4、Can he cook the meals?A. Yes, he can.B. No, he can‟t.C. He doesn‟t cook.（）5、Where can he eat Beijing Duck?A. In the restaurant.B. At school.C. At home.8I‟m John. I‟m 12 years old. I‟m helpful at home. I empty the trash every morning, and clean the floor every afternoon. When Mom is busy，I cook the meals at home. Mom often praises (表扬)me. She says I am helpful. In the school，I often help my teacher clean the board after class.（）1、Is John helpful?A. Yes, he is.B. No, he isn‟t.C. It doesn‟t matter.（）2、Which one can‟t he do?A. He can‟t sweep the floor.B. He can‟t cook the meals.C. He can‟t wash clothes.（）3、When does John clean the floor?A. In the morning.B. In the afternoon.C. In the evening.（）4、When does he cook the meals?A. In the evening.B. When he is free.C. When mom is busy.（）5、What does he do at school?A. He often cleans the floor.B. He often cleans the window.C. He often cleans the board.9Dear Tom:How are you! I‟m very busy now. I have to go to the village with my parents tomorrow. Now, my room is a mess. The chair is on the desk. All of my clothes are on the bed. My shoes are in the boxes. There is a big box on the end table. The shoes are all under the table. The TV is on the other end table. Are you busy?YoursAmy（）1、Amy‟s room is clean.（）2、The desk is under the chair.（）3、There are many clothes in the closet.（）4、There aren‟t shoes in the boxes.（）5、There aren‟t shoes under the table.10I‟m Sam. I‟m 12 years old. My birthday is Mar. 12th. I play sports at 5:00 P.M. every day. On the weekend, I often climb mountains. Sometimes, I visit my grandparents. But I can‟t climb mountains recently. Because it‟s snowy. It‟s very dangerous. I don‟t like winter. It‟s cold and windy. My favorite season is summer, because I like swimming.（）1、Sam‟s birthday is in March.（）2、He plays sports in the morning everyday.（）3、He usually goes hiking on the weekend.（）4、He can‟t climb mountains because it‟s snowy.（）5、He likes summer best.11Look at this photo, do you know who he is? He‟s my cousin, Jack. He is twenty-one years old. He‟s from USA. But now he studies in Guangzhou. Jack is a good student, he studies hard. He works hard too. Jack often cooks breakfast, lunch and dinner by himself. He likes Chinese food very much. He is good at cooking meals. I like going to his house and have lunch with him.（）1、Jack is an English boy.（）2、He studies in USA.（）3、He works hard every day.（）4、He can‟t cook meals.（）5、He likes Chinese food.12This is a room in Joan‟s house. There is a bed, a table and some chairs in it. There…s a glass and some books on the table. Joan is in the room. Her father and mother are at the school. They are work hard.New Words and Expressionswork／wa:k／v．工作hard／ha:d／adv．努力EXERCISEI ．在下列句子前标上T(对）或F(不对）。