Unit 6 Text A Life and Medicine
Unit six Traditional Chinese Medicine中国传统医药
[参考答案]
1. Western medicine. It is quick to display effects to cure the disease. But my parents prefer to take traditional Chinese herbal medicine. In their opinions, the traditional Chinese medicine produces fewer side effects and it can improve the overall immune system of the body. 2. China healthcare system is challenged by providing services for the most populous country with 1.3 billion people and a majority of rural residents. China implemented several health insurance reforms in the last few years. Besides commercial medical insurance, current healthcare system consists of three main social insurance programs: Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance (UEBMI) for the urban employed (1997), Urban Resident Basic Medical Insurance (URBMI) for urban residents without formal employment, New Cooperative Medical System (NCMS) for the rural population (2003).
医学英语视听说第二版卢凤香答案
医学英语视听说第二版卢凤香答案第一章单词表Unit 11.body2. brain3. heart4. liver5. kidney2.stomach 7. lung 8. bone 9. muscle 10. skinUnit 21.headache2. cough3. fever4. toothache5. sore throat2.runny nose 7. backache 8. stomachache 9. diarrhea 10. dizzinessUnit 31.hypertension2. diabetes3. asthma4. arthritis5. cancer2.obesity 7. allergy 8. depression 9. insomnia 10. anemiaUnit 41.nurse2. doctor3. surgeon4. dentist5. pharmacist2.psychiatrist 7. physiotherapist 8. optometrist 9. radiologist 10. occupational therapist第二章句型表达Unit 11.What’s the matter with you?2.I have a headache.3.You should see a doctor.4.I need to stay home and rest.5.I will take some medicine.Unit 21.I have a fever and a sore throat.2.You should see a dentist for a toothache.3.I am feeling dizzy.4.I have a runny nose and a cough.5.I have a stomachache and diarrhea.Unit 31.My blood pressure is too high.2.I have been diagnosed with diabetes.3.I am allergic to peanuts.4.I have insomnia and depression.5.I need to lose weight because of obesity. Unit 41.I want to be a nurse.2.I want to become a doctor.3.I am interested in surgery.4.I want to work as a dentist.5.I want to study pharmacy.第三章阅读材料Unit 1Text: Introduction to the Human BodyThe human body is a complex system of organs, tissues, and cells that work together to maintain homeostasis and ensure the survival of the individual. The body is made up of several different systems, including the skeletal, muscular, circulatory, respiratory, digestive, and nervous systems. Each system has its own unique function and contributes to the overall health and well-being of the body.Unit 2Text: Common Illnesses and TreatmentsThere are many common illnesses that affect people of all ages. Some of these include the common cold, the flu, and allergies. The most common treatments for these illnesses include rest, fluids, and over-the-counter medications. In more severe cases, prescription medications may be necessary. It is important to see a healthcare professional if symptoms persist or worsen.Unit 3Text: Chronic Diseases and their ImpactChronic diseases, such as diabetes, hypertension, and cancer, have a significant impact on the individual’s quality of life. These diseases often require long-term management and treatment. It is important for individuals with chronic diseases to work closely with their healthcare team to develop a personalized treatment plan and learn how to manage their condition effectively.Unit 4Text: Careers in HealthcareThere are many career options available in the healthcare field. Some of these include nursing, medicine, surgery, dentistry, and pharmacy. Each career requires a different set of skills and qualifications. It is important for individuals interested in pursuing a career in healthcare to research the different options and choose a career path that aligns with their interests and goals.第四章课文翻译Unit 1Text: Introduction to the Human Body人体是由多个器官、组织和细胞组成的复杂系统，它们共同协作，维持稳态，确保个体的生存。
外研社2024学术英语(理工)(第二版)-U6课件
Unit Contents
1 Critical reading
Critical thinking (distinguishing between facts and opinions) Understanding the text Enhancing language ability Doing research projects
1. What example does the speaker give when he describes the size of nanometer? A nanometer is even smaller than a hundred-thousandth the width of a human hair.
2. Why does the speaker mention Star Trek, an American science fiction series? What we thought unbelievable can become a very real possibility.
3. What’s the function of assemblers? They can replicate themselves and produce anything.
word and phrase in each row may not be a synonym for
the words or phrase in bold. Cross it out if any. (P226)
Paras. 1-10
1○
2○
3○
6 drastically 7 ○
8○
4 conduct 9○
1. Critical Reading
复旦学术英语(医学)课后问答题期末复习
What things about Mrs. Osorio’s conditions run through the author’s mind? (Pre. 3)
• Good Things
• Blood tests done • Glucose a little better • Her blood pressure good but not great
What are the reasons why doctors kept awake at night? Are they the reasons of their neuron overload? • What is the use(Pre. of the6) numbers? Use these numbers
• Justify “the realization that world health is indivisible”.(Pre. 4) • Attention to the health conditions of the globe before satisfying OUR most parochial (地方范围的) needs • Meaninglessness of borders to pathogenic (致病的) microbes • With 24 hours of time, from a crowded marketplace in Kikwit, Zaire to a New York City subway
Are those proposed solutions, like computer-generated reminders, case managers, ancillary services, capable of solving the author’s problem of overload? (Pre. 7)
研究生英语综合教程UNIT6课文及翻译(含汉译英英译汉)
UNIT6What does it feel like to help dying patients through their final days? Experience it through the eyes of hospice nurse Jill Campbell, who does her job with grace, compassion, and gratitude.1.Outside, it's noisy on this busy block of row houses in Baltimore. But inside one tidy living room, all is quiet except for the sound of a woman's raspy breathing. The patient is huddled in an easy chair under a handmade pink-and-blue afghan, a knit cap on her head and booties on her feet. She has trouble staying warm these days. Her cancer has returned with a vengeance and she has only a few weeks to life.Hospice nurse Jill Campbell kneels down beside her patient, listens to her breathing, and then checks her blood pressure. Campbell has already hauled in oxygen tanks, showed family members how to work them, organized the medicine, and assessed how her patient has been eating and sleeping.2.But now is a moment to connect one-on-one. Campbell wraps her hands around the woman’s hands and rubs them together to warm them. She looks into her face. “are you feeling a little better?” she asks softly.3.Getting to know her patients and helping them through the toughest time of their lives is what Campbell, 43, appreciates most about being a hospice nurse. “I don’t know of another position where you can do more for people,” she says.4.Her patients have all been told that they have six months or less to live. Rather than continue with often-difficult or painful treatments that probably won’t extend their lives, they have decided to stop trying for a cure. Instead, with the help of hospice care, they’ll focus on comfort and on living whatever they have left of their lives to the fullest ---usually in their own home.5.Being able to die at home is a major part of the appeal of hospice, but patients and family members may not see it that way at first. “A lot of people still view hospice as giving up and letting the disease in,” says Campbell. That’s why the decision to call in hospice care can be an incredibly difficult one for a family to make. Once they do, though, most patients and their families soon understand the value of having a team of dedicated professionals---including social workers, health aides, chaplains, and nurses---work together to provide not only physical but also emotional and spiritual support. 帮助即将离世的患者度过最后的时光会是怎样的感受呢？让我们借助吉尔·坎贝尔的所见经历这一切吧。
新北师大版高中英语必修二U6TheAdmirableLesson1AMedicalPioneer课件
A Medical Pioneer
1
Tu was awarded a Nobel Prize
Tu’s personal information
&scientific work
2
personal information
2-4
3-4
scientific work
5
attitude
honour
Activity 2.1 Read para.1 Find out the “6 w” information (when\where\who\what\why\how).
Science
Centre
became a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences
studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field
was chosen to establish a team to find a cure for malaria—a disease that killed millions of people every year.
What do you know about her？
• a medical researcher • a Nobel Prize winner • a female scientist • to find a cure for malaria • to discover a life-saving drug
Why? Discovered the life-saving drug, artemisinin
新编研究生综合英语教程Unit 6 Text A 删节版
and rubs them together to
warm them. She looks into her face. “are you feeling a little better?” she asks softly.
She has trouble staying warm these days. Her cancer has returned with a vengeance
and she has only a few weeks to live.
Hospice nurse Jill Campbell kn
showed family members how to work them, organized the medicine, and assessed how her patient has been eating and sleeping.
chair under a handmade pink-and-blue afghan, a knit cap on her head and booties on her feet.
屋构成的繁忙街区，外面一片喧
闹，但是在里面一间洁净的卧室 里，除了只能听到一位女士刺耳
的呼吸声之外，周围一片寂静。
这位病人蜷缩在一把安乐椅上 , 身上盖着一条厚厚的手工制的粉 蓝色毛毯、头上戴着一顶针织帽， 脚上穿着一双软毛袜。这些天来 这位病人一直没办法让自己保持 温暖的状态。她的癌症复发了， 而且到了很严重的程度。她在世 上的日子不过几个星期了。
临终关怀护士吉尔·坎贝尔屈
伸跪在她的病人身旁，听她的 呼吸，检查她的血压。坎贝尔 已经把氧气瓶拉近了，她向病 人家属展示如何使用氧气瓶，
down beside her patient, listens to
医学人文英语教程答案
Unit 1. History of medicineKeysText ALanguage FocusFill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary, and pay attention to the tense, voice and collocations of the verbs.1. is credited with;2. are sometimes referred to as;3. was supposed to;4. were espoused by;5. in addition to;6. was attributed to;7. categorize;8. is given credit for;9. though.Sentence Simulation（略）Translate the following sentences into English.1.Hippocrates proposed the humoral theory that the body of man has four distinct bodily fluidsin itself: blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, different mixture of which leads todifferent temperaments.2.In ancient Greece, career as a doctor was passed on from father to son, so Hippocrates studiedmedicine under his father from his early age.3.Ancient Greek medicine was a field restricted by religious superstition where wizards cureddiseases by means of prayer, magic or ritual recitation of spells.4.It now appears that Hippocrates was incorrect in his explanation of the causes of humantemperament, but his temperament categories and names have been in use ever since.5.Ancient Western doctors about to enter medical practice were required to take an oath onmedical ethics, which was derived from the oath of Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician revered as "father of medicine” in the West.6.As the father of Western medicine, Hippocrates is the first to formulate the code of ethics thatdoctors are required to comply with. Furthermore, his medical opinions and medical practice have exerted a huge influence on the development of Western medicine for centuries.Text BAnswer the following questions according to text B you have read.1. Four traditional examination methods: looking, listening and smelling, asking, and touching.2.①TCM can make diagnoses and treat patients without needing a scientific understanding of cause and pathogenesis.②the fundamentals of TCM remain largely unchanged and its theories inexplicable to science.3.①the methodological quality of trials is low.②Most of these trials are published in Chinese, inaccessible to western doctors, and not included in systematic reviews.③Selective publication of positive trials is another problem.4. All natural phenomena could be categorised into Yin and Yang (two opposite, complementary, interdependent, and exchangeable aspects of nature), everything in the universe consisted of five basic elements (wood, fire, earth, metal, and water), and the universe was constantly changing towards dynamic balance or harmony. Yin refers largely to the material aspects of the organism and Yang to functions. There is a circulation of Qi (energy) and blood. The organs work together by regulating and preserving Qi and blood through the so-called channels and collaterals. Disease occurs after a disturbance in Yin-Yang or flow of Qi or blood, or disharmony in the organs caused by pathogenic (eg, sadness, joy, lifestyle) and climatic factors (dampness, heat, cold). Treatment aims to expel or suppress the cause and restore balance.Unit 2 Health professionals for a new centuryText ALanguage FocusFill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.1.integration2.kept pace with3.adopts4.In view of5.effectiveness6.ultimate7.acquiring8.attributes9.shifts10.encounterTranslate the following sentences into English.7.Medical science is no longer simply biomedicine, but a comprehensive discipline ofhumanities, social sciences and biomedicine.8.Science and technology development, along with social progress, has put forward higherdemands and greater challenges on higher medical education.9.Medical education is characterized by a high degree of specialization and practicality, as wellas a comparatively high cost and a long training cycle.10.It is the main task of medical schools to train good doctors needed by the people.11.The objective of clinical medical education is to train capable and well qualified academicdoctors with a solid professional foundation and a broad spectrum of knowledge.12.The innovation of teaching methods has not only improved the students' initiative andenthusiasm to learn, but also enhanced the quality of clinical teaching and practice.13.In spite of its great progress, our country’s medical education still fails to keep pace withsocial progress, development of science and technology, and needs for medical and healthreform.Translate the following passage/sentence into Chinese.1.过去一个世纪教育的进步在于三个时代的教育改革。
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Unit 6 Text A
寻求临终护理
数十年前，大多数人在自己家中去世，但是医疗方面的进步已经改变了这一情况。
如今，大多数美国人在医院或是疗养院中度过生命的最终时光。
他们中有些人是为了治疗疾病进了医院，有些可能是选择长期住在疗养院。
越来越多的人在生命的尽头开始选择临终关怀。
死亡没有一个称得上“合适”的地点。
何况，我们死亡的地方，大多数情况下也并非我们可以决定的。
但如果有选择的机会，每个人及其家属，都应该考虑究竟怎样的临终护理最为适合，在哪里可以享受到这样的关怀，家人和朋友能否提供帮助，以及他们应该如何支付相应的费用。
医院及疗养院
64岁的George有充血性心力衰竭病史。
一天晚上，他因为胸痛被送入医院。
他与他最亲近的人事先便已决定，在任何情况下都要让医生使用最大努力来延续他的生命。
所以当他需要相应的治疗时，他选择了医院，因为那里有全天候工作的医生和护士。
医院提供一整套的治疗、检查及其他医疗照护。
一旦George的心脏出现持续衰竭，医院的重症监护病房（ICU）或冠心病重症监护病房（CCU）就可以提供及时的救护。
尽管医院有相关的规定，在有些情况下执行具有一定的弹性。
如果George的医生认为他的病情并没有因为治疗有所好转，并濒临死亡，他的家属可以要求更加宽松的探视时间。
如果他的家属想从家中给他带一些私人物品，可以向工作人员询问物品的尺寸限制或是是否需要消毒。
不论George住在ICU、CCU 还是两病床的病房，其家属都可以要求更多的私人空间。
在医院环境中，对临终病人来说，身边永远会有知道该如何照料他的医务人员。
这一点令病人及其家属得以安心。
已有越来越多的人在生命尽头的时候选择疗养院，因为在这里，护理人员是随叫随到的。
疗养院有时也被称为专业护理所，在临终护理方面有利有弊。
与医院不同，疗养院里并不是全天候都有医生在场。
然而，由于临终护理可以事先安排，在病人濒临死亡时，不需要事先咨询医生而开展照护。
如果濒死病人已经在疗养院住了一段时间，家属很可能已经和护理人员建立了一定的关系，因而与医院相比，这里的护理工作更具个性化。
如同在医院里一样，隐私也可能是个问题。
有需要的话，你可以询问是否可以安排更多与家人单独相处的时间。
家
对于需要临终护理的人来说，家可能是最熟悉的环境。
家属和朋友可以来去自由。
从精力、情感和经济的角度来说，居家护理对于家庭和朋友可以是一件艰巨的任务，但这样做也有好处，况且他们通常愿意承担这样的任务。
如果需要额外帮助，他们还可以选择雇用家庭护工。
为了在家中进行舒适护理，需要事先安排一些服务（如上门护士）和特殊设备（如病床和床边马桶）。
医疗保险也许只能支付由医生指定的服务和设备。
建议事先和医生商量哪些是病人在家中舒适护理所需要的。
如果临终的病人是从医院回到家里，有时医院的出院规划师，一般是社工，可以帮你做出院计划。
当地社区老龄机构也可能推荐其他渠道的帮助。
医生必须掌握患者在家的护理状况，他/她会安排新服务、调整治疗及按需开药。
为了使临终病人尽可能舒适，遵从医生的计划非常重要。
如果你认为一项治疗已经不再有用，应及时与医生沟通。
姑息治疗和临终关怀
医生为了希望治愈重症患者尽可能长时间提供治疗。
这些病人还会接受症状护理或姑息治疗。
例如，乔治伴随心力衰竭还有贫血症。
治疗贫血症可以改善一些困扰他的病症，也可以让他轻松做一些事情，比如自己穿衣服或者洗澡。
治疗贫血就是姑息治疗的一部分。
近来，姑息治疗这个词语不仅仅意味着治疗一些症状，在美国，如今姑息治疗常指那些提升患有致命疾病的人的生活质量的综合办法。
它为家庭成员提供支持，与临终关怀的概念非常类似。
在姑息治疗方案中，一个多学科健康护理小组与病人及其家属共同努力，为病人提供可能患有致命疾病所需要的任何支持，不管是医疗的、社会的、还是情感上的。
根据需要，健康护理小组可以由医生、护士、治疗师、顾问和社工等人组成。
姑息治疗可以由医院、疗养院、姑息护理门诊、其他一些专业诊所或家庭提供。
联邦医疗保险可以支付一部分治疗和药物的费用，退伍军人可以通过退伍军人事务部有资格享受姑息治疗。
私人医疗保险可能会支付一部分服务费用。
可以向医疗保险公司咨询相关的保险范围。
姑息治疗并不要求在绝症治疗与舒适护理之间做出抉择。
如果医生认为治疗对病人不起作用，并且病人只剩6个月的时间，这时就有两种选择。
一是将姑息治疗转换为临终关怀；二是继续姑息治疗，但侧重于舒适护理而不是医学治疗。
这就是杰克所面临的情形。
他从美国空军退役，70岁时被诊断患有慢性阻塞性肺部疾病。
随着疾病的进展，杰克的呼吸变得越来越困难，于是他希望尝试采用实验性治疗来缓解这种疾病。
杰克获得了由美国退伍军人卫生管理局所提供的姑息治疗。
在治疗肺部疾病的同时，他接受了舒适护理及战胜病魔所需要的情感支持。
该姑息治疗方案也在日常家庭事务及其他方面为杰克的妻子提供支持，更便于她在家照顾杰克。
有时，治愈性治疗可能不再有意义：它可能对患者没有任何帮助或者反而给患者带来不适。
临终关怀正是为这种情况而设置的。
准备接受临终关怀的患者明白，临床治疗已经不能治愈或缓解自己的病情。
在临终护理中，临终关怀类似于姑息疗法，它不仅为患者提供全方位的舒适护理，而且也为其家属提供帮助，但临终关怀并不进行治疗。
临终关怀是一种临终护理的方式，它并不局限于特定的场所。
它可以在两种环境下实施：一是在家里，一是在一些机构，如疗养院、医院，甚至是单独的临终关怀中心。
临终关怀汇聚了一个拥有特殊专业技能的团队，包括护士、医生、社工、牧师及经过培训的志愿者。
每个团队成员都与临终患者、照料人员及家属共同努力，为他们提供所需的医疗、情感及精神上的帮助。
团队中有成员会定期看望患者，并全天24小时保持电话联络，随时候命。
谨记一点：不进行针对于疾病的治疗并不代表放弃所有治疗。
以一个老年肿瘤患者为例。
如果医生觉得肿瘤对化疗不敏感，病人选择临终关怀，那么化疗会即刻停止，但其余治疗还将继续。
例如，如果此患者患有高血压，那他/她需要照常服用降压药。
临终关怀并不一定是最终决定。
比如，Delores 82岁的时候，发现她的肾功能正在衰竭。
她觉得自己足够长寿，生活幸福，不愿进行透析治疗，于是她开始接受临终关怀。
一周之后，她得知孙女怀孕的消息，随即改变主意，不再接受临终关怀，而是开始透析治疗，她希望有一天能够抱上自己的第一个重孙。
与Delores一样，现实幽默作家《华盛顿邮报》专栏作家Art Buchwald在81岁时拒绝医生建议的透析治疗。
2006年2月，他进入临终关怀中心，准备在几周内死于肾脏病。
但他的病情奇迹般地稳定下来。
当他确定死亡并没有迫近时，Art Buchwald离开了临终关怀中心。
他在玛莎葡萄岛度过了整个夏天，并于2007年1月离开人世。