广州中考英语必考语法

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【一】中考语法考查

必考语法点之一:被动语态

考查形式:语选,完形,完成句子题型出现,尤其是完成句子。

考察难度:考查的动词都是比较简单、拼写不会超过5个字母的单词,过去分词一般都是直接+ed出现,出题不难,要求掌握被动语态的判断、被动语态的结构和动词过去分词的正确拼写。

要点归纳:

1、主语不能发出对应的动作(主语是没有生命的东西,一定是被动语态。主语是人,从意识上去判断该动作是不是该主语发出的)

2、结构:be+过去分词+(by+动作执行者)

3、掌握的几种形式:

一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are/+动词的过去分词(v-ed) +(by+动作执行者)

一般过去时的被动语态: was/were+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者)

现在完成时的被动语态:have/has+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者)

一般将来时的被动语态: be going to/ will +动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者)

含有情态动词的被动语态:can/could/should/must+动词的过去分词(v-ed)+(by+动作执行者)

3、感官动词或使役动词使用省略to的不定式,主动语态中不带to,但变为被动语态时,须加上to Feel, hear, listen to, let, have, make, see, watch observe, notice, look at, help

例:make sb do sth = sb +be+made + to do sth

4、被动语态常考的固定搭配:

Be made of Be made from Be made in Be used for Be used to do

注意下列短语和动词有“被动形式”,但没有被动的意思:

be used to doing (习惯于做事) Used to do sth (过去/曾经做某事)

Be made up of (由……成) Be well-known for (众所周知)

5、无被动语态的不及物动词常考的有:happen, take place, begin, start, end, belong to, come true.

7、主动表被动的动词:sell, wash, write, 和五个起来:feel, smell, look, taste, sound

e.g.: The pen writes well. He looks strong.

例题一:

1.……George 11 that Grandma used to be a gentle lady, ……(2019年真题)

A. tell

B. told

C. was told

D. has told

2.……When it was time for the villagers____8______to market, they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes____9____perfectly into three groups.(2019年真题)

9.A. are divided B. were divided C. are dividing D. Divided

3.……they were greatly surprised to find that the man’s potatoes were____9____perfectly into three groups.(2019年真题)

9.A. divide B divided C. are dividing D. divides

例题二:

在中国人民的帮助下,肯尼亚在几个月前建成了一条新的现代化铁路。With the help of the Chinese 60.people, a new and modern railway in Kenya _____ ______ several months ago.(2019年真题)

was built

61.这项工程很快就会完成。

The project ________ ________ ________ soon.(2019年真题)

will; be; finished/completed(考查一般将来时的被动语态)

72. 根据奶奶的建议,这汤应该煮上两个小时以上。

The soup_________ _________ __________ for more than two hours according to Grandma.(2019年真题)

should be cooked(考查情态动词的被动语态)

74. 为了进一步美化校园,下个月会在学校种很多树。

Next month many trees __________ __________ __________ in our school to make it more beautiful.

will be planted

必考语法点之二:宾语从句

考查形式:语选、完成句子

考察难度:考察全面,考查必须掌握引导词、时态和语序这三个要素。

要点归纳:

一、含义:用一个句子来充当另一个句子的宾语成分,把整个句子叫做宾语从句。

二、三要素:

1、陈述语序

2、时态:主句为一般现在时,从句时态用相应的任何时候(根据从句句意确定)

主句为一般过去时,从句用相应的任何过去时态(根据从句句意确定)

从句是表示客观事实,从句一律用一般现在时

3、连接词:that, whether(……or not), if, what, who, which, whose, when, where ect.

注意:that引导宾语从句不充当任何成分,只起连接作用

4、宾语从句的简化:但主句的主语和从句的主语为同一人时,从句可以简化为疑问词+不定式。

例题一:

……"Now you heard 3 your mother said, George."……(207年真题)

3. A. that B. what C. where D. which

……she didn’t know how __31 it, she decided to have a try. She played and played, the whole day through, for months and years. The music she produced was never perfect, __32 each time it sounded a little better.(2019年真题)

A. played

B. to play

C. playing

D. to playing

例题二:

62.我不明白为什么他们在这个时候踢足球。

I can't understand _______ _______ _______ ________ football at this moment.(2019年真题)

【解析】why they are playing(宾语从句,陈述语序,at this moment现在进行时)

我不知道他是否能准时到校。

I wonder ________ ________ ________ ________ to school on time.(2019年真题)

【解析】whether/if; he; can; get (宾语从句,陈述语序,主句一般现在时)

例题三:

75. 我们计划去北京,但还没决定何时去。

We are planning to go to Beijing, but we haven’t decided _______ ________ ________.

【解析】考查宾语从句简单句when to do的形式。

必考语法点之三:定语从句

考查形式:语选、完型

考察难度:主要考查引导词的选择——关系代词that, which, who以及关系副词where, when。

要点归纳:

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