固定管板式换热器设计

固定管板式换热器设计

固定管板式换热器

中文摘要

换热器是工业生产中最常用的设备，在不同工作条件下对换热器性能要求不同，它是冷热流体间传递热量的设备。

本次设计为固定管板式换热器，固定管板式换热器主要由管箱、管板、壳体、换热管、折流板、拉杆、定距管、封头等组成。固定管板式换热器由两端管板和壳体构成。由于其结构简单，运用比较广泛。固定管板式换热器管程和壳程中，流过不同温度的流体，通过热交换完成换热。当两流体的温度差较大时，为了避免较高的温差应力，通常在壳程的适当位置上，增加一个补偿圈（膨胀节）。当壳体和管束热膨胀不同时，补偿圈发生缓慢的弹性变形来补偿因温差应力引起的热膨胀。

在传热计算工艺中，包括传热面积计算，传热量、传热系数的确定和换热器内径及换热管型号的选择，以及传热系数、压降及壁温的验算等问题。在强度计算中主要讨论的是筒体、管箱、封头、管板厚度计算以及折流板、法兰、垫片和接管、支座、等零部件的设计，还要进行一些强度校核。本设计是按照GB151《管壳式换热器》和GB150《钢制压力容器》设计的。

换热器在工、农业的各个领域应用十分广泛，在日常生活中传热设备也随处见，是不可缺少的工艺设备之一。随着研究的深入，工业应用取得了令人瞩目的成果。

关键词：换热器；设计；校核；固定管板式

Abstract

Heat exchanger is the most commonly used equipment in industrial production, the requirements of different heat exchanger performance under different working conditions, it is the equipment of heat transfer between cold and hot fluids.

The design for the fixed tube plate heat exchanger, fixed tube plate heat exchanger is mainly composed of a tube box, tube plate, shell, heat pipe, baffle plate, rod, tube, head distance etc.. Fixed tube plate heat exchanger by the two ends of tube plate and the shell. Because of its simple structure, more extensive use of. Fixed tube plate heat exchanger tube side and shell, through the fluid of different temperature, through the heat exchange heat. When the two fluid temperature difference is larger, in order to avoid high temperature stress, usually in the shell in the appropriate location, adding a compensation coil (expansion). When the shell and tube heat expansion compensation ring is not at the same time, the slow elastic deformation to compensate for the thermal stress caused by thermal.

In the calculation of the heat transfer process, including heat transfer area calculation, heat transfer, the determination of heat

transfer coefficient and the heat exchanger tube diameter and the choice of models of the heat exchange, and the heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop and wall temperature calculation etc.. Discussion on the calculation of strength is the design of cylinder, tube box, head, tube plate thickness calculation and the baffle plate, flange, gasket and takeover, support, etc, but also some strength check. This design is in accordance with the design of GB151 《shell and tube type heat exchanger》and GB150 《steel pressure vessel》The heat exchanger is very extensive applications in various fields of industry, agriculture, in the daily life of heat transfer equipment also can see, is one of the indispensable process equipment. With the in-depth research, industrial application has achieved the results attract people's attention.

Keywords: heat exchanger; design; check; fixed tube plate