金砖五国中国贸易论文.doc
金砖的贸易合作与发展
金砖的贸易合作与发展近年来，金砖国家（巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非）作为新兴市场国家的代表，在全球经济舞台上崭露头角。
金砖国家以其庞大的市场规模和持续增长的经济实力，在贸易合作和经济发展方面扮演着重要角色。
本文将探讨金砖国家在贸易合作与发展方面的取得的成就，以及面临的挑战和未来的发展机遇。
一、金砖国家的贸易合作金砖国家之间的贸易合作早在2001年首次峰会之前就已开始。
随着金砖国家经济的快速增长，双边和多边贸易关系进一步加强。
金砖国家通过签署自贸协定、建立贸易合作区和加强贸易关系，取得了显著成就。
首先，金砖国家加强了区域贸易合作。
例如，金砖国家自贸区合作机制成立于2015年，为金砖国家之间的贸易提供了更加便利的条件和机制。
该机制通过降低关税、简化贸易流程，促进了贸易自由化和便利化。
其次，金砖国家加强了与其他国家和地区的贸易合作。
金砖国家与亚太地区的国家和地区，如东盟、澳大利亚等，积极推动自贸协定的签署，扩大市场准入和贸易规模。
另外，金砖国家还与非洲国家开展了经贸合作，促进了双方的共同发展。
最后，金砖国家通过国际多边贸易体制，如世界贸易组织（WTO），加强了贸易规则的制定和改革。
金砖国家在国际贸易体系中发挥了积极的作用，支持贸易自由化和全球贸易秩序的稳定。
二、金砖国家的经济发展金砖国家均为世界上人口众多的国家，拥有巨大的内需市场。
经济发展是金砖国家的共同目标，他们通过改革和创新，推动经济结构的升级和增长模式的转变。
首先，金砖国家通过改革开放，吸引外资和技术。
中国在改革开放过程中吸引了大量外资，促进了经济的快速发展。
同样，巴西、俄罗斯、印度和南非也通过一系列的改革举措，提升了营商环境和吸引力，吸引了外资和技术的流入。
其次，金砖国家注重科技创新和人力资源发展。
金砖国家将科技创新视为经济发展的重要推动力量，加大资金投入和政策支持。
同时，金砖国家致力于提高教育水平和技术人才培养，为经济发展提供了人力资源保障。
中国与金砖国家之间的贸易发展
中国与金砖国家的贸易发展————10国贸班1006411078刘友金砖国家经济快速发展，成为推动世界经济复苏的主要力量。
作为金砖国家成员，中国与其他金砖国家的贸易往来不断增多，在中国对外贸易中所占份额也不断提高。
与此同时，中国与其他金砖国家之间的贸易摩擦也在增加。
有效解决贸易摩擦问题，已经成为中国进一步发展与其他金砖国家经贸关系的关键。
一、中国与其他金砖国家经贸关系2008年国际金融危机之后，美国经济复苏缓慢，欧元区各国深受主权债务危机困扰。
与发达经济体经济总体低迷不同的是，金砖国家及其他新兴市场国家异军突起，在世界经济中的地位不断上升。
在2008-2011年四年中，金砖国家年均增长率均高于世界同期水平，成为拉动全球经济增长的火车头。
与此同时，中国与金砖国家的经贸关系日益密切。
（一）与其他金砖国家贸易持续扩大近年来，中国与其他金砖国家之间的贸易往来显著增加，这主要体现在中国与其他金砖国家的贸易额不断增加以及在中国总体对外贸易中所占的份额不断扩大。
截至2010年，中国已分别成为俄罗斯、巴西、南非的第一大贸易伙伴，印度的第二大贸易伙伴；是巴西和南非的第一大出口市场，印度的第三大出口市场和俄罗斯的第六大出口市场。
（二）与其他金砖国家的贸易额不断上升2010年中国与其他金砖国家之间的贸易额达2053亿美元，较2004年的532亿美元增长近4倍。
除2009年受金融危机影响，贸易额有所下降以外，总体上保持稳定上升的趋势。
其中，中巴贸易额由2004年的124亿美元上升到2010年的626亿美元，增长5倍；中印贸易额由136亿美元上升到617亿美元，增长4.5倍；中俄贸易额由212亿美元上升到554亿美元，增长2.6倍；中南贸易额由60亿美元上升到256亿美元，增长4.3倍。
（三）与金砖国家的贸易额在中国对外贸易总额中所占比率不断提高2010年，中国与金砖国家之间的贸易额在中国对外贸易总额中所占比率为6.85%，较2004年的4.21%上升近3个百分点，并总体保持上升趋势。
国际贸易论文金砖五国经济增长的分析(毕业论文格式)
选题“金砖五国”经济增长的分析院系专业学生姓名指导教师本选题的意义及国内外发展状况：一、选题的意义：21世纪以来，世界经济格局发生了巨大变化，新兴市场国家被称为经济发展最具潜力的国家。
而巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非(金砖五国)土作为全球最大的新兴市场国家，其经济始终保持着高速增长。
然而，金砖五国在经济快速发展的同时，对能源需求的增景也非常显著。
二、国内外发展状况：‘金砖五国”确实己经成为决定全球经济格局的基木力景，特别是在全球经济增景贡献上己成为超过发达国家的最重要增长极。
由于经历金融危机后中国等新兴国经济快速回升，美欧受深层结构性矛盾困扰复苏劲道不足“金砖五国”等新兴国家作为全球增长极地位有望持续和进一步加强。
这些事实表明，全球经济版图止在发生前所末有深刻演变。
“金砖五国”成员国增长贡献各有特点，如巴西、俄罗斯在全球大宗商品供给方ICI具有特殊地位，印度作为人日规模10亿大国如能长期保持快速增长势头，末来将对全球增长作出更大贡献。
中国止在经历最快速追赶阶段，两个因素使中国增长客观上拥有特殊影响力:一是中国经济相对规模和增景贡献最大，而日_通常会超过其他四个金砖国家总和。
一是中国快速成长较大程度推动了大宗商品需求增长，构成俄罗斯、巴西这样资源丰富国家快速增长的重要推动因素。
从这两点意义上讲，中国增长具有更多主动性，其他国家增长有一定程度派生性;没有中国的快速发展，金砖国家概念难以流行，反过来看，在全球化时代中国追赶是一个可自我演绎和叙述的故事。
研究内容：本文首先从介绍金砖五国组成入手，进而阐述金砖五国的由来和背景，然后分析其在经济发展中得以增长的原因，并针对各个原因进行分析，最后对金砖五国的前景进行展望，得出结论。
1导论2金砖五国的现状分析2．1 关于金砖五国的概念2．2 金砖五国的产生2．3 金砖五国的进程2．4 金砖五国的现状3金砖五国经济增长的原因3．1外部环境较好3．2拥有广阔的市场前景、明显的资源要素优势和后发优势3．3实施强有力的加速发展措施3．4 都具有各国标志3．5强化相互合作，促进共同发展4金砖五国经济增长一分析原因5金砖五国经济增长一发展前景6结语研究方法、手段及步骤：本文主要采用文献法，即根据选定的课题，通过分类阅读相关文献获得资料，再经过整合分析，得出结论，从而撰写出论文。
中国对金砖国家农产品出口的贸易潜力及效率研究
中国对金砖国家农产品出口的贸易潜力及效率研究近年来，随着全球化进程的不断推进，金砖国家之间的贸易关系日益重要。
作为拥有庞大人口和丰富资源的国家，中国在金砖国家内对农产品的出口潜力和效率备受关注。
本文将围绕中国与金砖国家之间农产品出口的贸易潜力和效率展开研究，希望能为双方贸易合作提供一定的参考和指导。
1.市场需求潜力金砖国家包括巴西、俄罗斯、印度和南非，这四个国家拥有庞大的人口和不断增长的购买力，因此对农产品的需求量也在不断增加。
而中国作为全球最大的农产品生产和出口国之一，拥有着丰富多样的农产品资源，与金砖国家的市场需求有着天然的契合度。
中国对金砖国家农产品出口潜力巨大，可以满足金砖国家对农产品日益增长的需求。
2.贸易政策潜力中国和金砖国家之间的贸易政策有利于农产品贸易的发展。
通过不断完善双边或多边贸易协议，减少关税和非关税壁垒，简化贸易手续等措施，可以提升中国对金砖国家农产品出口的便利程度和竞争力。
各国政府间的合作和支持也可以为中国对金砖国家农产品出口带来更多的机遇和优势。
3.品牌影响潜力中国的农产品品牌在金砖国家有一定的影响力和竞争优势。
经过多年的发展，中国农产品的品质和口碑在金砖国家市场上逐渐得到认可，这为中国对金砖国家农产品出口打下了良好的基础。
中国的农产品品牌影响力将会成为中国进入金砖国家农产品市场的有力支持和保障。
二、中国对金砖国家农产品出口的效率1.加强产地与市场对接的效率中国对金砖国家农产品出口的效率首先体现在产地与市场对接的高效率上。
通过建立更加便捷和高效的供应链和物流体系，可以有效缩短农产品从产地到市场的时间和成本，提升出口效率。
加强与金砖国家的贸易合作和交流，了解市场需求和标准等信息，也是提升出口效率的关键。
2.提升产品品质和技术含量的效率中国对金砖国家农产品出口的效率还体现在产品品质和技术含量的提升上。
通过加强科研和技术创新，改进农产品生产工艺，提高产品品质和附加值，可以提升农产品的竞争力和出口效率。
“金砖五国”合作背景下的中俄经济发展
“金砖五国”合作背景下的中俄经济发展◎张天一经济纵一、“金砖五国”框架下中俄经贸关系的基本特点一直以来，中俄两国之间都有着密切的贸易往来，加之双方拥有良好的政治互信基础，因此，在金砖国家框架下，呈现出了新的贸易特征。
（一）服务贸易成为新的经济增长点首先，无论是中国还是俄罗斯在边境口岸都进行了改善，特别是在基础设施方面，使得运输服务贸易快速发展。
尤其是在铁路方面，中欧班列的开通运营，使得在降低淑云费用的基础上大大增加了货运量，为中俄之间的经贸发展有着十分重要的作用。
而随着两国道路、港口以及口岸得到了极大的改善，中俄之间逐渐形成了以“铁路+陆路+水陆”联合运输的物流模式，从而为中俄之间经济发展提供了基本保障。
（二）贸易便利化助力经贸的发展近些年，中俄两国在贸易投资便利化上做出了许多努力努力，提高了投资环境，在通关、认证和检疫等各个方面加强了合作。
而中俄两国在在通商口岸中实行数据共享，为两国贸易提供了更多便利的平台，进而增强了两国之间的经济贸易往来。
（三）跨境电商成为合作新形态随着近年来电子商务的迅猛发展，跨境电商开始成为中俄两国经济发展中的一个重要推力点。
而电子商务作为一种新型的贸易形势，自发展迅速推动了中俄之间贸易的电子化和信息化。
通过电子商务，能够实现有效降低成本、缩短贸易距离，通过有助于推动中俄贸易的便利，从而使得两双的经济贸易合作进一步深化。
二、“金砖五国”合作背景下中俄经济合作的需求（一）多元化自中俄建交计算已有七十多年的历史，两国在这期间一起携手经历了诸多政治、经济事件具有较好的同伴关系。
而在两国的携手努力下，新时期两国的关系已经到达了一个前所未有的水平，他国在内的诸多影响因素已经无法对双方的合作造成影响，而两国的频繁往来对于双方的发展和地区的稳定都有重要作用。
从当前中俄合作发展情况而言，新时期中俄两国经济边合作呈现出多元化的发展趋势，而合作也不再固定在一个或是几个领域，而是包含能源、制造、农业等诸多领域下的共同合作[1]。
【优质文档】金砖五国论文-精选word文档 (6页)
本文部分内容来自网络整理，本司不为其真实性负责，如有异议或侵权请及时联系，本司将立即删除！== 本文为word格式，下载后可方便编辑和修改！ ==金砖五国论文篇一：金砖五国论文关于金砖五国的进出口贸易研究经济学11-1班曹慧鹏一、引言金砖国家是指巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国、南非五国。
201X年，美国高盛公司首次提出“金砖四国”（BRICs）的概念，包括了巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国等全球主要新兴市场经济体。
201X年南非加入后，改称金砖国家（BRICS）。
金砖国家是世界经济中主要的新兴力量，发展前景广阔，在二十国集团领导人峰会等多边场合发挥着重要作用，在国际经济格局中的分量和影响力不断提升，高盛公司预言金砖国家将于2050年统领世界经济潮流。
在这种新型的世界格局下，一国的进出口贸易是国民经济的重要组成部分，研究和分析金砖五国的进出口状况意义重大，既有利于了解金砖五国的经济发展状况，又有利于研究和分析金砖五国的贸易状况全球经济贸易的影响，以及对当今世界现阶段的发展的重要意义。
二、金砖五国进出口贸易研究作为新兴经济体代表，“金砖五国”的国土面积占世界各国领土总面积的26％，人口占世界总人口的42％，国内生产总值占世界总量的14.6％，贸易额占全球贸易额的12.8％，按购买力平价计算对世界经济增长的贡献率已超过50％。
此外，“金砖五国”在资源、市场、劳动力、科技等方面各有优势，彼此互补性强。
金砖国家在生产要素禀赋上具有不同的比较优势，印度和中国的竞争力主要体现在低成本劳动力方面；俄罗斯石油等自然资源较为丰富，尤其是近年来依靠石油、天然气的出口迅速积累了国家资本；巴西和南非则拥有丰富且多样的自然资源，并且不像俄罗斯那样对自然资源过分依赖，发展方向呈多极化趋势。
图一金砖五国分布图这些国家经济发展方式都是构成其贸易结构的重要影响因素，以下将分别通过对金砖国家逐一介绍并分析其贸易状况。
1.中国坚持改革开放的中国抓住了经济全球化的历史机遇，外资大量涌入，出口迅猛发展，经济高速增长。
中国和其他金砖国家贸易英语图表作文
中国和其他金砖国家贸易英语图表作文全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1China and the BRICS Countries: Trading Partners!Hi there! My name is Lily and I'm going to tell you all about trade between China and the other BRICS countries. But first, what are the BRICS countries? BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. These are five of the biggest emerging economies in the world.So why is trade between these countries so important? Well, they all have really big populations and fast-growing economies. By trading goods and services with each other, they can help their economies grow even faster! It's like if you and your friends all had lemonade stands, you could trade your lemonades with each other to get different flavors. Pretty cool, right?Now let's look at some of the major trade flows between China and the other BRICS nations:China and BrazilBrazil is a huge exporter of agricultural products like soybeans, iron ore, and meat. China needs a lot of these raw materials to fuel its big manufacturing sector and feed its massive population. So China imports tons of farm goods and minerals from Brazil every year. In return, China sends manufactured products like electronics, machinery and textiles to Brazil. It's a win-win trade relationship!In 2022, the total trade between China and Brazil was over 135 billion. That's about as much as 2.7 million average American households make in a year! Brazil is China's biggest trade partner in Latin America.China and RussiaEven though Russia and China don't share a border, they are very close trading partners. Russia exports a lot of oil, natural gas and other energy products to China to help power its factories and cities. China depends a lot on Russian energy. Meanwhile, Russia imports machinery, electronics, vehicles and other industrial goods from China.The trade between these two countries was worth around 190 billion in 2022, making Russia China's biggest source of imported energy and fuel. With the growth of the Belt and RoadInitiative connecting Asia and Europe, this trade partnership is likely to keep expanding.China and IndiaNow here's a trading relationship between two true economic giants! India and China are the world's two most populous countries and two of the fastest growing major economies. They have a lot of demand for each other's products and resources.India's biggest exports to China include iron ore, cotton, and other mineral and agricultural products. Meanwhile, Chinese companies ship industrial machinery, electronics, chemicals and many other manufactured goods over to India. Since both nations are rapidly developing their technological and manufacturing capabilities, more and more of this trade includes high-tech components.In 2022, the total two-way trade between India and China was valued at nearly 115 billion, with the balance slightly in China's favor. As these economies continue their historic growth, this massive trade flow will likely keep surging in years to come.China and South AfricaOur final stop is the rainbow nation of South Africa, the only African member of BRICS. While their economies are very different sizes, China and South Africa have substantial trade ties.South Africa is a major exporter of minerals like gold, diamonds, platinum and coal which help supply China's industrial needs. China is South Africa's single biggest trade partner. In the other direction, China sends machinery, electronics, textiles and other manufactured goods to South Africa.Their total two-way trade in 2022 was around 54 billion, with the balance favoring China. South Africa's membership in BRICS helps give it better access to the massive Chinese market.Those are the major trade relationships between China and the other BRICS economies. As you can see, it's a lot ofback-and-forth movement of goods and resources between these growing nations.To visualize it, let's imagine a giant circle with arrows showing all the products flowing in both directions! From Brazil, you've got soybeans, iron and meat headed to China. From Russia, a river of oil and natural gas. From India, iron ore and cotton. And from South Africa, gems and precious metals.In the opposite direction, from China you have streams of electronics, machinery, vehicles, chemicals and textiles radiating outward to all the other BRICS countries! It's a huge circular flow of trade crisscrossing the globe.So why is all this trade within BRICS so important? Well, by exchanging the goods and resources they need from each other, it allows these economies to keep developing at a rapid pace. They don't have to depend as much on trade with Europe, North America or Japan.The BRICS nations also cooperate on projects involving infrastructure, finance and renewable energy. The idea is they can pool their resources and help pull each other forward as emerging powers on the world stage.Well, that's the broad picture of trade relationships between China and the other BRICS countries! I tried to cover all the major trade flows and explain why they are so important for these rapidly developing economies. Import, export, precious resources, global supply chains - it's a fascinating world of interlinking trade out there.I hope this essay gave you a better understanding of how China's trade with Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa works. Obviously, there are way more details than I could possibly coveras a 10-year-old kid! But hopefully I explained the basics in a simple, easy-to-understand way. Let me know if you have any other questions!篇2China's Trade with the BRICS CountriesHi there! My name is Lily and I'm going to tell you all about China's trade with the other BRICS nations. BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa. These are five of the biggest emerging economies in the world.First, let's look at Brazil. Brazil is a huge country in South America. It's famous for the Amazon rainforest, soccer, and delicious foods like feijoada (a bean and meat stew). China and Brazil trade a lot of different products. Brazil sends China things like soybeans, iron ore, crude petroleum, and beef. In return, China sends manufactured goods like electronics, machinery, and vehicles to Brazil. The two countries had around 115 billion in total trade in 2022.Next up is Russia. Russia is the biggest country in the world by land area! It's known for things like Russian nesting dolls, St. Basil's Cathedral in Moscow, and really cold winters. Russia trades a ton of oil, natural gas and other energy products withChina. It also sends China chemical products and raw materials like wood and minerals. China mainly exports machinery, electronics, clothing and other manufactured goods to Russia. Total trade between the two giants was worth over 190 billion in 2022!Then there's India. India has over a billion people, amazing food like curry, and famous landmarks like the Taj Mahal. India's biggest exports to China are iron ore, cotton, and other raw materials. It also sends a lot of commercial services. From China, India imports machinery, electronics, chemical products and many other manufactured items. Two-way trade topped 115 billion in 2022, making China India's biggest trade partner.Another BRICS member is South Africa. South Africa is renowned for its wildlife like lions, elephants and rhinos. Top South African exports to China include precious metals, iron ore, and fruits and nuts. Key imports from China are electronics, machinery, textiles and other manufactured goods. Although smaller than India and Russia, trade between China and South Africa was still around 42 billion in 2022.Finally, let's look at China itself. As you probably know, China is the world's most populous country with over 1.4 billion people. It has had incredibly rapid economic growth over the past fewdecades. China exports massive quantities of electronics, machinery, toys, clothing, and other consumer goods all over the world. Some key imports are energy products like crude oil and natural gas, raw materials like iron ore and wood, and agricultural products like soybeans.Altogether, trade between China and the other BRICS nations was worth around 465 billion in 2022! That makes the BRICS economies some of China's most important trade partners. In fact, together the BRICS countries account for over 30% of the global economy.Well, that's the scoop on trade between China and Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa - the other big BRICS countries! The economic ties among these nations continue to grow stronger every year. Who knows, maybe I'll work on BRICS trade deals when I grow up and become a businesswoman or diplomat. For now, I hope you found this overview interesting and fun. Let me know if you have any other questions!篇3China's Trade with the BRIC NationsHi there! My name is Lily and I'm going to tell you all about China's trade with the other BRIC countries. The BRIC nations areBrazil, Russia, India and China - although now it's called BRICS with the addition of South Africa. These are some of the biggest and fastest growing economies in the world.First, let's start with Brazil. Brazil is a huge country in South America, known for the Amazon rainforest, football, and tasty foods like Brazilian barbeque. The main things Brazil exports to China are soybeans, iron ore, oil seeds, wood pulp and crude petroleum. In return, China sends machinery, electronics, textiles and vehicles to Brazil. The trade between our two countries has grown a lot in recent years.Next up is Russia, our great neighbor to the north. Russia has a massive landmass spanning across Europe and Asia. It's famous for things like matryoshka dolls, Red Square in Moscow, and centuries of writers and composers. China's main imports from Russia are crude petroleum, wood, copper and semiconductors. Meanwhile, we export things like computers, broadcasting equipment, vehicles and clothing to Russia. Despite some challenges, our trade relationship remains strong.The third BRICS member is India, which has an ancient civilization going back thousands of years. India is celebrated for its flavorful cuisine, beautiful silk saris, Bollywood films and religions like Hinduism and Buddhism. Key imports from Indiainclude diamonds, copper, vegetables and organic chemicals. China's top exports to India are electrical machinery, data processing equipment, fertilizers and steel products. With over a billion people each, trade between our nations is vital.Last but not least, there's South Africa at the southern tip of the African continent. South Africa is renowned for its diverse wildlife, the Kruger National Park, mining industries, and the inspirational legacy of Nelson Mandela. Major South African exports to China include iron ore, manganese ores, precious metals and wool. In the other direction, we send machinery, electronics, vehicles and plastics to South Africa. Our economic ties help bring our two peoples closer.As you can see, the flows of goods and services between China and the other BRICS states are huge and incredibly important. Iron, energy products, agriculture, metals and minerals come to China, while we export machinery, hi-tech goods, vehicles and chemicals in return. With our big populations and fast growth, BRICS trade will keep expanding in the years ahead.These economic bonds don't just facilitate business - they also bring our cultures closer through people-to-people exchanges. More Chinese are enjoying Brazil's vibrant music anddance styles. We've gained greater appreciation for Russia's classical arts. Indian spices and Bollywood have become very popular in China. And wildlife documentaries have helped raise awareness of South Africa's unparalleled biodiversity.While we BRICS members have our differences, our nations are united by a shared desire for peace, development and mutually beneficial cooperation. By raising living standards through business ties today, we are laying the groundwork for an even brighter future of friendship tomorrow. I feel so lucky to be living in these exciting times!Well, that's all I wanted to share about the trade relationships between China and our BRIC partners. I hope you found it interesting and learned something new. Let's keep exploring the world and its many vibrant cultures through study, exchange and understanding. Thanks for reading!篇4My Big Adventure Learning About China's Trade with the BRICS CountriesHi there! My name is Lily and I'm 10 years old. I just had the most exciting adventure learning all about how China trades with the other BRICS nations. Let me tell you all about it!It started when my teacher, Mrs. Jenkins, told our class that we would be doing a special project on the BRICS countries. I had never heard of the BRICS before, so I raised my hand. "What are the BRICS countries?" I asked. Mrs. Jenkins explained that BRICS stands for Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. They are five of the biggest and fastest growing economies in the world."For your project, you'll need to research trade between China and the other BRIC nations," Mrs. Jenkins instructed. "Then you'll create a poster presentation with charts and graphs to show what you learned."Trade? Charts and graphs? This project already sounded like a lot of work. But I was also really excited to learn about these fascinating faraway places. I love learning new things!First up was researching Brazil. I discovered that China and Brazil trade lots of different products. The biggest things China imports from Brazil are soybeans, iron ore, oil, and beef. In return, China sends machinery, electronics, and other manufactured goods to Brazil.To visualize this trade, I created a bar graph showing the dollar value of imports and exports between the two countries over the past five years. The bars went up and down a bit, butoverall trade has grown a lot as China's demand for Brazilian commodities like soybeans and iron ore keeps increasing.Next, I looked into China's trade with Russia. This one was really interesting because Russia exports huge amounts of oil, gas, and other fuels to China. But China also sends loads of electronics, machinery, clothing, and other manufactured products to Russia.For Russia, I made a pie chart that showed what percentage of their total trade was with China. The massive red slice of the pie made it obvious that China is a hugely important trade partner for Russia.Then it was time to research India. This was my favorite part because the trade between these two giants is just amazing! They exchange so many goods like rice, cotton, diamonds, machinery, electronics, and tonnes of other products. The trade has grown tremendously over the past 20 years as China and India's economies have boomed.I made a line graph to show the rocketing growth of exports and imports between China and India since 2000. The lines just kept spiking upwards year after year. It was easy to see that these two nations have become huge trade partners.Finally, I examined South Africa. Compared to the other BRIC countries, South Africa's trade with China was quite small but still significant. South Africa mainly sends raw materials like iron ore, precious metals, and minerals to China. In return, it imports a lot of electronics, machinery, textiles, and other manufactured goods from China.For South Africa, I created a cluster bar chart that showed the major product categories being traded in both directions. It gave a neat side-by-side comparison of imports and exports.After all my charts were made, I put them together on a big poster board along with explanations, maps, and photos. I worked really hard getting it all ready for my presentation to the class.When it was my turn to present, I wheeled my poster to the front of the classroom using Mrs. Jenkins' cart. I spoke slowly and clearly to explain each of my charts. I could see my classmates were impressed by all the detailed trade data I had gathered on the different BRICS countries."Great work, Lily!" Mrs. Jenkins exclaimed when I finished. "You clearly understood the trading relationships between China and the other BRICS nations. Your charts visualized the data in a very effective way. This is an excellent poster!"I felt so proud in that moment. Who knew learning about trade between different countries could be so interesting and fun? Creating those charts and graphs really helped me grasp how much economic interaction there is between China and nations like Brazil, Russia, India, and South Africa. It was the best class project ever!After my presentation, my classmates asked me lots of great follow-up questions like:"Why does China trade so much with these particular countries?""What would happen if the trading stopped for some reason?""Are there any special trade agreements between China and the BRICS?"I didn't know all the answers, but that just made me more curious to learn even more. Now I want to be an economist when I grow up so I can study global trade patterns. Or maybe an ambassador to help manage trade relationships between nations. Presenting that poster really opened my eyes to all the possibilities!So that's the full story of my big BRICS trade adventure. I hopeyou found it interesting too. Learning about economics and international business篇5The BRICS Countries and Their Trade with ChinaHi there! My name is Jia and I'm 10 years old. Today I want to tell you all about the BRICS countries – that's Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. These are five really big countries that have economies that are developing and growing super fast.One of the main reasons the BRICS countries are so important is because of all the trade they do with each other. Trade just means countries buying and selling things to each other. Let me start by telling you about the amazing trade between China and the other BRICS nations!China and BrazilBrazil is a huge country in South America. It's known for the Amazon rainforest, football, and lots of delicious food like feijoada! China and Brazil trade a ton of stuff. Some of the main things Brazil sells to China are:Soybeans (to make foods like soy sauce and tofu)Iron ore (to make steel for buildings and bridges)Crude petroleum (oil to make gasoline for cars)Beef and other meatsAnd some of the biggest things China sells to Brazil are:Electrical machinery (like computers and phones)Vehicles and vehicle partsPlastics and plastic productsOptical and medical equipmentJust between these two countries, the trade was worth over 135 billion in 2022! That's a really huge number. All that trading helps both countries' economies grow.China and RussiaNext up is Russia, the biggest country in the entire world by land area! It's famous for things like Moscow's St. Basil's Cathedral, nesting dolls, and Soviet space travel. Russia and China have been trading partners for a very long time.These days, some of the top things Russia sells to China are:Crude petroleum and other mineral fuelsWood and wood productsGems and precious metalsFertilizersAnd China's biggest exports to Russia include:Broadcasting equipment (like TVs and radios)Computers and telecommunications equipmentVehicles and vehicle parts篇6China's Trade with the BRIC CountriesHi there! My name is Lucy and I'm going to tell you all about how China trades with the other BRIC countries. BRIC is a funny word that stands for Brazil, Russia, India, and China. Some people now also include South Africa so they say BRICS instead.These are some of the biggest and most important countries in the world. Together, they have over 40% of the world's population living in them! That's almost half of all the people on Earth. With so many people, you can imagine they need to trade a lot of goods and products with each other.Let me start by telling you about China's trade with Brazil. Brazil is awfully far away from China - it takes almost an entire day to fly there! But even though the distance is huge, the two countries still trade tons of stuff every year.The biggest thing China imports (which means buys) from Brazil is soybeans. Soybeans are these little beans that are used to make foods like tofu, soy sauce, and soy milk. They are also used as feed for farm animals like pigs and chickens. China needs a lot of soybeans because it has over 1.4 billion people to feed!In return for the soybeans, China exports (or sells) machinery, electronics, and other manufactured goods to Brazil. Things like computers, phones, cars, and trucks. Brazil has lots of farms and mines, but not as many factories as China.Next up is Russia, China's neighbor to the north. Russia has a huge land area but a relatively small population. It is famous for its cold winters and vast forests. One of the biggest things China imports from Russia is wood and timber to use for construction and making furniture.Russia also exports a lot of oil and natural gas to China. These are very important energy sources that keep Chinese factories running and homes heated. On the flip side, Chinasends machines, electronics, clothing, and other manufactured products to Russia.The trade between China and Russia is made easier because the two countries share a long border. Trucks can just drive across! They don't have to load everything onto ships and planes.Now let's talk about India, China's huge neighbor to the southwest. India has over 1.3 billion people, just slightly less than China's population. The two countries trade a lot of different products.Some of the biggest things China imports from India are precious stones and metals like diamonds, platinum, and gold. India also sends shrimp, cotton, copper, and machinery to China. In the other direction, China exports electrical equipment, fertilizers, organic chemicals, and lots of toys and games to India!The last BRICS country is South Africa, located all the way down in the southern part of Africa. Because it is so far away, most of the trade is done by shipping things across the oceans in huge container ships.From South Africa, China imports a lot of precious metals like platinum, iron ore, and steel. South Africa has huge minesthat dig these metals out of the ground. In exchange, China sends machines, electronics, textiles, and other manufactured goods to South Africa.Well, that covers the key things that China trades with the BRIC/BRICS countries! As you can see, China both imports raw materials and exports finished products to these trading partners. With its huge population and many factories, China plays a very important role in global trade.I hope you found this overview interesting and easy to understand. Maybe you can spot some of the products I mentioned the next time you go to the shop with your parents! Let me know if you have any other questions.。
留学生论文之国际关系热点：金砖五国
金砖五国吹响冲锋号角，合作共赢惠及全球经济【摘要】所谓“金砖国家”（BRICS），是指巴西（B）、俄罗斯（R）、印度（I）、中国（C）和南非（S）这5个新兴市场国家，这5个国家的英文首个字母连起来，字形和读音很像英文单词“砖”（brick）。
在世界经济格局加速变迁的历史背景下，金砖国家加强协调、深化合作，不仅对五国具有重要意义，而且对世界也具有重要意义。
近来，金砖五国联合反对由欧洲人担任IMF（国际货币基金组织）新总裁，欧美国家普遍受到震动，认为这是新兴国家挑战传统国际金融秩序的一个姿态。
【关键词】金砖五国全球经济经济格局一、共同诉求促合作金砖国家合作机制的诞生，顺应了历史潮流，是世界经济格局变迁的必然结果。
二战结束近70年来，世界经济格局已经发生了天翻地覆的变化，以金砖国家为代表的新兴经济体群体性崛起，改写了世界经济版图，改变了发达国家和发展中国家之间的力量对比。
但西方国家在二战后建立并主导的世界经济治理架构，未能跟上历史变迁的步伐，在吸收新兴经济体参与方面进展缓慢，致使世界经济新格局与世界经济治理旧架构之间的矛盾越来越突出。
国际金融危机彻底暴露了西方七国集团作为发达国家世界经济治理核心平台的局限性，包括主要发达经济体和主要新兴经济体的二十国集团由此登上历史舞台，并成为世界经济治理新的核心平台，为金砖国家合作机制发展提供了历史机遇。
发达国家在二十国集团之外，还拥有七国集团、经济合作与发展组织等平台，而发展中国家则一直未能建立起一个真正属于自己的协商、合作平台。
正是在这种背景下，金砖架构合作机制加速发展，开始担当重任。
2009年6月中旬，金砖国家领导人第一次会晤在俄罗斯历史名城叶卡捷琳堡举行，金砖国家合作机制由此得到长足发展。
2010年4月中旬，金砖国家领导人第二次会晤在巴西行政首都巴西利亚举行，金砖国家合作机制进一步得到强化。
金砖国家都是重要的发展中国家和新兴市场国家，社会经济发展的目标有很多相似之处，对许多国际议题立场相近，对改革现有世界政治经济体制、建立更为平衡的全球治理体系有共同的要求。
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金砖五国中国贸易论文
一、金砖五国中印度与中国双边贸易影响因素
金砖五国中，印度与中国双边贸易影响因素主要集中在市场因素，优势因素、政策法规以及其他因素。
（一）市场因素影响中印双边贸易的市场因素分为两国的内需市场和外需市场两个方面。
内需市场需结合中印两国的人口规模、经济总量和人均消费情况等因素进行分析。
印度人口在世界人口中占据重大比例，中国人口因国家政策的实行，呈现缓慢增长的态势。
从经济总量上，印度的经济产值增长较快，依据世界银行关于经济收入水平标准，印度的收入水平居中等程度。
（二）优势因素优势因素主要是对经济结构特征和贸易竞争等优势进行分析。
在经济结构特征上，金砖国家中，印度侧重农业经济的发展，以金属、矿产以及原材料为主要资源构成部分，其产业构成中，服务业产值上升，工业价值有起伏。
而中国则与印度在经济发展规模上存在不同，由此，两者可在经济合作上进行互补。
从贸易竞争方面来讲，印度进口和出口都以资源类产品为主，而中国主要出口工业制成品和进口资源类产品，在产品的进出口方面的差异，促使中印贸易的优势因素影响较复杂。
（三）政策法规印度政策法规主要是指关税制度和进出口制度。
印度对农产品的关税较为注重，约束性强，多对外来农产品收取较高关税，以便限制外来农产品和原材料进入本国，形成一种地方保护政策，促进对本国农产品和原材料保护力度。
后来采取的财政刺激和机
构改革等措施，对本国农产品的限制政策有所放松，并发展工业产品等其他领域产品，促进市场竞争力度，并在本国经济发展中有了一定的效果，利于印度外贸的发展。
（四）其他因素在电信设备的进出口方面，中国和印度都相应的采取了禁止措施，印度限制、甚至禁止中国电信设备进入本国，以便在电信设备发展方面增加本国自主研发产品，同时防止国防信息因高科技因素出现泄漏情况，而中国主要应用国内电信设备，对外国的电信设备需求不高，对印度的电信设备进口较少，甚至没有，因而双方各自的方针政策严重影响双边的正常贸易。
二、金砖五国中印度与中国双边贸易加强合作的对策
（一）政治信任带动经济发展同为金砖五国成员国，两者贸易上交往较多，在加强贸易合作时可采取政治上互相信任，以促进经济上的友好往来。
积极增强两国政治互信，加快边界问题的解决速度，以政治带动经济。
两国政府高层可在金砖国家框架中进行谈判，例如两国领导人在一定情况下互相访问，对两国经济的现状做了解；同时在政策上，两国可制定和缓的贸易政策，尽量减少贸易摩擦。
（二）增加两个差异化产品的来往两国可鼓励发展差异化中间产品，进行产业内贸易；在双方所缺乏的产业领域相互增加了解，增加合作的几率。
中印双方利用正当的营销手段进行经济贸易，塑造良好的企业形象。
营销手段的光明对下一次的合作，影响较大，同时也能为以后的经济发展奠定基础。
（三）注重贸易政策在经济发展中，我国需重视科技和人才资源
的投入，对科技人才要鼓励、提倡，成立以专门科技所支持的部门，对科技的创新要予以重视态度，这样才能让我国的制成品质量得到提高，以制成品的优势弥补IT行业中的暂时不足。
印度则需完善贸易政策，综合发展本国自身产业，从而采取良好的贸易政策，增加两国双边贸易机会。
（四）利用地理优势发展双边贸易由于中印两国地域距离较近，应双边较好利用邻国地理优势，在降低贸易成本方面具有优势。
因此应解决好两国之间存在边界问题，积极进行交通运输的改善，妥善处理交通问题。
以便在两国双边贸易中发挥积极助力作用，从而有效推动中印贸易的积极发展与繁。
作者：朱珂单位：新乡学院。