2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题02：词义辨析

2018年高考英语真题分类汇编专题02：词义辨析

一、单选题（共8题；共16分）

1.（2018•天津）At first Robert wouldn't let his daughter go diving, but eventually he___________ as she was so confidence about her skills.

A. gave in

B. dressed up

C. broke in

D. turned up

【答案】A

【考点】动词短语的辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：起初，罗伯特不愿让他女儿去潜水，但最终他让步了，因为她对她的技能是如此的有把握。A. gave in“屈服，让步”；B. dressed up“打扮”；C. broke in“闯入，打断”；D. turned up“出现”。根据转折词but及原因as she was so confident about her skills.可知，最终他让步了。故选A。

【点评】考查动词短语词义辨析，区分give in；dress up；break in；turn up的含义。

2.（2018•天津）The__________ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.

A. advice

B. order

C. possibility

D. invitation

【答案】C

【考点】名词辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice“建议”；B. order“命令”；C. possibility“可能性”；D. invitation“邀请”。故选C。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析，区分advice；order；possibility；invitation的含义。

3.（2018•天津）It took him a long time to___________ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.

A. display

B. acquire

C. teach

D. test

【答案】B

【考点】动词的词义辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display“显示”；B. acquire“获得”；C. teach“教”；D. test“测试”。故选B。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析，区分display；acquire；teach；test的含义。

4.（2018•天津）Bob thought he couldn't go to the party because he had to write a report, but he went

___________.

A. at first

B. after all

C. above all

D. at random

【答案】B

【考点】固定短语，介词和介词短语

【解析】【分析】句意：鲍勃认为他不能去参加聚会，因为他不得不写一份报告，但他终究去了。A. at first“起初”；B. after all“毕竟，终究”；C.above all“首先”；D. at random“随便地”。根据前面的转折连词可知，与前面情况相反，故选B。

【点评】考查介词短语辨析，区分atfirst；afterall；aboveall；atrandom的含义。

5.（2018•江苏）Kids shouldn't have access to violent films because they might _______ the things they see.

A. indicate

B. investigate

C. imitate

D. innovate

【答案】C

【考点】动词的词义辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：儿童不应该接触暴力电影，因为他们也许会模仿他们所看到的。indicate暗示；表明；investigate调查；imitae模仿；innovate创新。故答案为C。

【点评】考查动词词义辨析。熟记单词，理解句意，根据语言逻辑判断。

6.（2018•江苏）Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _______ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

A. keen

B. reluctant

C. anxious

D. ready

【答案】B

【考点】形容词的词义辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：尽管该旅馆服务很差，经理还是不情愿在全员充分培训方面投资。be keen on热衷于；reluctant不情愿的；勉强的；anxious焦急的；渴望的；ready准备好的。despite（尽管）表示让步，前后是转折的关系，根据句意，故答案为B。

【点评】考查形容词词义辨析，在理解单词的基础上，要兼顾词的习惯搭配和句子前后之间的逻辑关系。

7.（2018•江苏）Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which _______ a clear road map and timetable.

A. calls for

B. calls on

C. calls off

D. calls up

【答案】A

【考点】动词短语的辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：发展长江经济带是一个系统的工程，需要一个清楚的路线图和时间表。call for需要；要求；call on号召；call off取消；call up打电话；征召。理解句意，故答案为A。

【点评】考查动词短语辨析，掌握短语，理解句意，根据语境判断。

8.（2018•江苏）Try to understand what's actually happening instead of acting on the _______ you've made.

A. assignment

B. association

C. acquisition

D. assumption

【答案】D

【考点】名词辨析

【解析】【分析】句意：尽力弄清楚实际正在发什么而不是按照你所假设的去行事。assignment任务；委派；associate联合；协会；acquisition获得；assumption 假设。根据句意可知答案为D。

【点评】考查名词词义辨析。识记单词，理解句意，根据语境判断答案，注意句子要符合逻辑。