汉语四大古典小说名着选段英译
24部中国名著英语翻译大全

本⽂是为您准备的《24部中国名著英语翻译⼤全》请⼤家参考!《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone)《⽔浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins《本草纲⽬》 Compendium of Materia Medica《聊斋志异》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio《论语》 Analects of Confucius《⼭海经》the Classic of Mountains and Rivers《围城》 A Surrounded City《西厢记》 The Romance of West Chamber《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror《史记》 Shi Ji/ Historical Records四书(《⼤学》、《中庸》、《论语》、《孟⼦》)The Four Books (The Great Learning, The Doctrine of the Mean, The Analects of Confucius, The Mencius)《阿Q正传》 The True Story of Ah Q《春秋》 Spring and Autumn Annals《论语> THE ANALCETS OF CONFUCIUS《诗经> the book of odes《世说新语》 essays and criticism (shi shuo hsin yu)《封神演义》 the legend of deification《⾦瓶梅》 The golden lotus《西厢记》 The west chamber。
经典著作翻译欣赏

汉语名著翻译欣赏1.凤姐还欲问时,只听二门上传来云板,连叩四下,将凤姐惊醒。
(《红楼梦》)Before Xifeng could ask more she was woken with a start by four blows in the chime bar at the second gate.2. 这里宝玉悲恸了一会,忽然抬头不见了黛玉,便知黛玉看见他躲开了,自己也觉得无味,抖抖土起来,下山寻归旧路,往怡红院来。
(《红楼梦》)By the time Baoyu’s weeping was over, Daiyu was no longer there. He realized that she must have seen him and have gone away in order to avoid him. Feeling rather foolish, he rose to his feet and brush the earth from his clothes. Then he descended from the rockery and began to retrace his steps in the direction of Green Delights.3. 但今军中正缺箭用,敢烦先生监造十万支箭,以为应敌之具。
(《三国演义》)But we’re rather short of arrows. Would you undertake to supply a hundred thousand for our next fight?4.行者道:“嫂嫂休得推辞,我再送你个点心充饥!”又把头往上一顶。
那罗刹心痛难禁,只在地上打滚,疼得她面黄唇白,只叫“孙叔叔饶命!”行者才收了手脚道:“你才认得叔叔么?我看牛大哥情上,且饶你性命!”(《西游记》)“Don’t try to say no, sister-in-law,” Monkey then said,” I’m giving you a pastry in case you’re hungry,” He butted upwards, causing such a violent heart pain that she could only roll around on the ground, her face sallow and her lips white from agony.”“Spare me, brother-in-law, spare me.”Was all she could say.Only then did Monkey stop hitting and kicking. “So you call me brother –in-law, do you?” he said. “I’ll spare your life for my brother’s sake.”5.庄家们都动弹不得,被林冲赶打一顿,都走了。
四大名著的英语翻译题

四大名著的英语翻译题六级翻译原文中国的四大名著(the Four Great Classical Novels)指创作于明清时期的四部最伟大、最有影响力的小说。
阅读四大名著,可以了解中国传统的社会、历史、地理、民俗和处世哲学。
大多数的中国人对这四部小说中的人物、情节和场景都很熟悉。
它们已经深深地影响了中国人的思想(mentality)、观念和价值观。
现在,四部小说都已被改编成电影或电视剧(TV series),受到很多观众的喜爱。
四大名著都具有很高的艺术水平,是中华民族的宝贵遗产,在中国文学史上也是一大创举。
六级参考翻译:The Four Great Classical Novels of China refer to thefour greatest and most influential novels written inthe Ming and Qing Dynasties. Reading them canacquaint people with traditional Chinese society,history, geography, folk customs and philosophy oflife. Most Chinese are pretty familiar with the figures, plots and scenes in the four novels. Theyhave profoundly influenced the mentality, ideas and values of Chinese people. Nowadays, thefour novels have already been adapted into movies or TV series, favored by lots of audiences.Being high in artistic standard, the Four Great Classical Novels are precious heritages ofChinese nation and pioneering works in the history of Chinese literature.英语四六级翻译中国特色词汇:四大名著《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms《西游记》 Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West《水浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions【三国演义翻译原文】《三国演义》写于14世纪,是中国著名的历史小说。
四大名著的英语翻译题

中国古典长篇小说四大名著,简称四大名著(Four Great Classical Novels),是指《红楼梦》、《三国演义》、《水浒传》、《西游记》这四部巨著。
四大名著是中国文学史中的经典作品,是世界宝贵的文化遗产。
此四部巨著在中国文学史上的地位是难分高低的,都有着极高的文学水平和艺术成就,细致的刻画和所蕴含的深刻思想都为历代读者所称道,其中的故事、场景、人物已经深深地影响了中国人的思想观念、价值取向。
可谓中国文学史上的四座伟大丰碑。
其常见英译名如下:《三国演义》----The Romance of the Three Kindoms《水浒传》----The Story by the Water Margin《红楼梦》----The Dream of the Red Chamber《西游记》----Journey to the West中国四大名著英文简介红楼梦 The Dream of the Red ChamberDream of the Red Chamber, also called The Story of the Stone, composed by Cao Xueqin, is one ofChina's Four Great Classical Novels. It was written sometime in the middle of the 18th century duringthe Qing Dynasty. Long considered a masterpiece of Chinese literature, the novel is generallyacknowledged to be the pinnacle of Chinese fiction. "Redology" is the field of study devoted exclusively tothis work.The title has also been translated as Red Chamber Dream and A Dream of Red Mansions. The novelcirculated in manuscript copies with various titles until its print publication, in 1791. Gao E, who preparedthe first and second printed editions with his partner Cheng Weiyuan in 1791–2, added 40 additionalchapters to complete the novel.Red Chamber is believed to be semi-autobiographical, mirroring the rise and decline of author CaoXueqin's own family and, by extension, of the Qing Dynasty. As the author details in the first chapter, it isintended to be a memorial to the damsels he knew in his youth: friends, relatives and servants. The novel isremarkable not only for its huge cast of characters and psychological scope, but also for its precise anddetailed observation of the life and social structures typical of 18th-century Chinese society.Also called "The story of the Stone (Shitouji 石头记)", this novel written by Cao Xueqin 曹雪芹(d. 1763) is said to be the greatest masterpiece of Chinese fiction. A wide branched scholarship does not consent about the main theme of this novel, should it be a novel of sentiment, of Daoist-Buddhist enlightenment, of social observation, of the decay of an aristocratic familiy, or even a veiled attack on Manchu rule. The frame of the novel is the contest of a Buddhist and a Daoist priest who make be born a young noble boy called Jia Baoyu 贾宝玉and his girl cousin Lin Daiyu 林黛玉.With a loving detail describing the life of the two cousins in a huge noble mansion, between gardens and palaces, the red thread is the triangular love between Baoyu, Daiyu and a second girl cousin called Xue Baochai 薛宝钗that is of more plumper character than the ever sick Daiyu. Switching between their life, the divine world and dreams, Baoyu becomes deranged after the disappearance of a stone (the origin of the second title) he had in his mouth when he was born. Not knowing, his love Daiyu died, he is tricked to marrying Baochai. Becoming aware of being tricked, Baoyu leaves the world of the "red dust" and becomes a monk. With hundreds of persons and their stories, paralleling the life and feelings of servants to the life of the main persons, the story is very complex and full of symbolisms, but very interesting and convincing for its encyclopedic character, depicting the life of a noble familiy in the 18th century Q ing China.三国演义Romance of The Three KingdomsRomance of the Three Kingdoms is a 14th-century historical novel attributed to Luo Guanzhong. It is setin the turbulent years towards the end of the Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period in Chinesehistory, starting in 169 AD and ending with the reunification of the land in 280.The story – part historical, part legend, and part mythical – romanticises and dramatises the lives of feudallords and their retainers, who tried to replace the dwindling Han dynasty or restore it. While the novelfollows hundreds of characters, the focus is mainly on the three power blocs that emerged from theremnants of the Han dynasty, and would eventually form the three states of Cao Wei, Shu Han, and EasternWu. The novel deals with the plots, personal and military battles, intrigues, and struggles of these states toachieve dominance for almost 100 years.Romance of the Three Kingdoms is acclaimed as one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chineseliterature; it has a total of 800,000 words and nearly a thousand dramatic characters (mostly historical) in120 chapters. The novel is among the most beloved works of literature in East Asia, and its literaryinfluence in the region has been compared to that of the works of Shakespeare on English literature. It isarguably the most widely read historical novel in late imperial and modern China.Romance of The Three Kingdoms is one of the great chinese classics and is compiled into a semi-fictional literary masterpiece during the Ming Dynasty by Luo Guanzhong. The novel comprises around 70+% fact and 20+% fiction. Some issues such as Guan Yu's weapon weighing around 40+ kilograms, the capabilties of Lu Bu, Liu Bei's horses as well as the existence of the Hill of the Fallen Phoenix and some others are probably fictional.That period in history can be said as the golden age of chivalry and although it happened more than 1700 years ago, characters such as Liu Bei, Cao Cao, Guan Yu, Zhang Fei and Zhuge Liang have become household names among the chinese. Tales of their exploits, courage, adventures and many more are told in the novel "Romance of The Three Kingdoms".It is one of the most turbulent periods in China's history taking place toward the end of the Han Dynast y where corruption is rampant in the imperial court due to eunuches holding power. Coupled with natural disasters such as floods, plague and locust swarms devouring the crops grown by the peasants, hunger and disatisfaction among the peasants soon escalated rapidly until a major rebellion known as the "Yellow Scarves Rebellion" led by Zhang Jiao broke out. (It was dubbed "Yellow Scarves" because the rebels tied a yellow scarf on their head). Initially just a small band of rebels, dueto widespread hunger and ill-sentiment among the populace, swarms of common folks joined in the rebellion across many parts of the country.三国演义人物介绍刘备Liu Bei (161–223 AD), styled Xuándé (玄徳), was a general, warlord, and later the founding emperor of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of China. Although having a later start than his rivals, also lacking both the material resources and social status they commanded, Liu Bei overcame his many defeats to carve out his own realm, that at its peak spanned modern day Sichuan, Guizhou, Hunan, part of Hubei, and part of Gansu.Culturally, due to the tremendously popular novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms by Luo Guanzhong, Liu Bei is widely known as the ideal benevolent, humane ruler who cared for his people and picked good advisors. His character was to advocate the Confucian set of moral values, such as loyalty and compassion.张飞Zhang Fei (?-221 AD) was a military general of Shu Han during the Three Kingdoms era of China.Zhang Fei was shown to have been a masterful general rather than simply a warrior. He treated hissuperiors with respect, but had little respect for his underlings. He was often warned by Liu Bei that hishabit of over-punishing his own soldiers by lashing and killing would eventually bring himself disaster.Zhang Fei married Xiahou Yuan's daughter, who was captured by Zhang Fei's troops as she was outgathering firewood. They had a total of two daughters, and the older daughter became the empressof Shu Han after marrying Liu Shan, with Zhuge Liang as the matchmaker. After Zhang Fei's eldestdaughter had passed away due to natural causes, Zhuge Liang once again played the role ofmatchmaker, and Liu Shan married Zhang Fei's younger daughter, who thus succeeded her oldersister to become the empress of Shu Han.Zhang Fei is best portrayed through his description and actions depicted in Records of Three Kingdomsbiography by Chen Shou. Some claim that Zhang Fei was also an excellent painter.Zhang Fei was killed by his own men Zhang Da and Fan Jiang, while preparing his troops to attack therival Eastern Wu to avenge the death of Guan Yu. Zhang Da and Fan Jiang went on to defect to Wu.水浒传Outlaws of the Marsh / Water MarginWater Margin is a Chinese novel attributed to Shi Nai'an. Considered one of the Four Great ClassicalNovels ofChinese literature, the novel is written in vernacular Chinese rather than Classical Chinese.The story, set in the Song dynasty, tells of how a group of 108 outlaws gather at Mount Liang (orLiangshan Marsh) to form a sizable army before they are eventually granted amnesty by the governmentand sent on campaigns to resist foreign invaders and suppress rebel forces. It has introduced to readersmany of the best-known characters in Chinese literature, such as Wu Song, Lin Chong and Lu Zhishen.The novel "Outlaws of the Marsh" is somewhat like the Iliad and Odyssey... An ancient epic tale... no one remembers the period it was composed and immortalized.One knows this story is based on real facts and has inspired many storytellers.One knows the North Song Dynasty (XIIIth Century) lived its apogee and declined, a victim of corruption and decadence.One finds historical traces of these outlaws who challenged the imperial authority and died under the executioner's blade.At last, as anyone knows today that a man called Homer wrote the Iliad and Odyssey, no one doubts anymore that a man called Shi Nai-an wrote down during the XIVth century the novel Outlaws of the Marsh that reached us.Everyone recognizes that Jin Sheng-tan, during the XVIIth century, published what is now famous as the original version of a novel that obtained the interest and infatuation of successive generations.Water Margin or Outlaws of the Marsh ("All men are brothers" in Pearl Buck's translation, "Shui hu zhuan" in Chinese, "Au Bord de l'Eau" in French ) is an immortal novel because its tale is universal : it speaks of beings (outlaws but also notables, strong muscled heroes but also intellectual, anarchists but also philosophers...) who cannot bear injustice nor abuse nor arbitrariness...That is the reason they are immortal and their popularity has lasted for centuries .Discover the 108 heroes, the episodes , the paper-cuts representing them, the Beijing operas their fighting exploits inspired...人物Gai Ping Health gave special love make the world anyway, famous arena. Like charges to stick, chicken, and did not take wives, all hit others physique. Village Creek Village haunted legends, villagers digging a river in the town engraved art, ghost was rushed to the East seven. Classical hell, then alone will be engraved Creek Village in places away from the East side down. Thus so-called "Tota kings".晁盖平生仗义疏财,专爱结交天下好汉,闻名江湖。
四大名著翻译

《转载》四大名著的国外搞笑翻译一、《水浒传》英文版的题目有:《Outlaws of the Marsh》(沼泽里的歹徒),《All Men are Brothers——Blood of the Leopard》(四海之内皆兄弟——猎豹的血),《Water Margin》(水边)。
在法文中《水浒传》被译作《中国的勇士》或《沼泽地区的英雄们》,还有一个居然是《一百零五个男人和三个女人在山上的故事》;德文译名则有点牵强,如《强盗与士兵》。
另外还有一些节译本的名字更是耸人听闻,如德人节译潘金莲和武大郎的章节成书,书名叫《卖大饼的武大郎和不忠实妇人的故事》,节译的“智取生辰纲”则起名《强盗设置的圈套》。
二、《三国演义》早年有位美国人从《三国演义》中整理出关羽的故事,节译成书名为《战神》;后来美国汉学家摩斯·罗伯斯将其英文全译本起名为《Romance of the Three Kingdoms》(三个王国间的罗曼蒂克);现在也有一些译本直接叫《Three Kingdoms》(三个王国)的。
三、《西游记》国外大多译作《Record of a Journey to the West 》(西方旅行的记录)、《Journey to the West》(西行之旅)、《Story of the Journey to the West》(西游故事);另外还有人把孙悟空当作书名,如《Monkey》(猴子)、《The Monkey King》(猴王)等等。
四、《红楼梦》《红楼梦》原本就有另外一个名字《石头记》,所以外国人翻译时,也就难免翻译出二种名字来,如:《The Story of the Stone》(石头的故事)、《A Dream of Red Mansions》(红色大楼里的梦)、《A Dream of Red Chamber》(红色房间里的梦)。
此外,还有张冠李戴的翻译,如《The Cowherd and the Weaving Girl》(牛郎和织女),这与原著可就大相径庭了。
中国古典名著英译

1.《三国演义》Three Kingdoms or Romance of The Three Kingdoms2.《水浒传》The Water Margin or the Outlaws of the Marsh3.《西游记》Story of a Journey to the West or The Pilgrimage to the West 4.《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions or A Red-Chamber Dream5.《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio6.《大学》The Great Learning7.《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean8.《论语》The Analects of Confucius9.《孟子》The Words of Mencius10.《诗经》The Book of Songs11.《书经》The Book of History12.《易经》The Book of Changes13.《礼记》The Book of Rites14.《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals15.《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics16.《战国策》Stratagems of the Warring States17.《史记》Records of the Grand Historian18.《世纪新说》New sayings of the World19.《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber8. Stories to Awaken Men《醒世恒言5. The Scholars《儒林外史》9. Stories to Enlighten Men《喻世明言》10. Stories to Warn Men《警世通言》11. Exposure of the Official World《官场现形记》12. Outline of Herb Medicine《本草纲目》14. History as a Mirror《资治通鉴》《世纪新说》New sayings of the World《西行漫记》Red Star over China《三国志》History of the Three Kingdoms《三国演义》Romance of the Three Kingdom / Three Kingdoms《世说新语》New sayings of the World《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《临川四梦》the Four Dreams of Linchuan《书经》The Book of History《二刻拍案惊奇》the Second Series of Striking the Table in Amazement at the Wondrous Storie 《倩女幽魂》Wandering Soul of a Beauty《儒林外史》The Scholars《史记》Records of the (Grand) Historian《喻世明言》Instruction Stories to Enlighten the World《喻世明言》Stories to Enlighten Men《国语》Guo Yu《大学》the Great Learning《孙子兵法》the Art of War by Master Sun《孟子》The Words of Mencius / the Book of Master Meng《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World《封神榜》Canonization of the Gods《山海经》Mountain and Sea Classics /the Classic of Mountains and Rivers《左传》Zuo's Commentary《战国策》Intrigues of the Warring States / Stratagems of the Warring States《拍案惊奇》Striking the Table in Amazement at the Wondrous Stories《易经》The Book of Changes《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《本草纲目》 Outline of Herb Medicine/Compendium of Materia Medica《桃花扇》the Peach Blossom Fan《水浒》Outlaws of the Marsh《水浒传》The Water Margin / the Outlaws of the Marsh /Heroes of the Marshes《永乐大典》the Great Encyclopaedia of the Emperor《汉书》History of the Han Dynasty《牡丹亭》the Peony Pavilion《礼记》The Book of Rites《窦娥冤》the Injustice of Dou E《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions / A Red-Chamber Dream/A Dream of Red Mansions/A Drea of the Stone《聊斋志异》Strange Stories from a Scholar's Studio/Strange Tales from a Lonely Studio/Tales fr Tales of the Tale-Telling Studio《西厢记》Romance of the Western Chamber/The Western Chamber《西游记》Pilgrimage of the West /Story of a Journey to the West / The Pilgrimage to the West 《警世通言》Comprehensive Stories to Admonish the World/Stories to Warn Men《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Words of Mencius《诗经》The Book of Songs《书经》The Book of History《易经》The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《赵氏孤儿》Orphan of the Zhao Family《道德经》the Classic of the Way and Its Virtue《醒世恒言》Lasting Stories to Awaken the World《醒世恒言》Stories to Awaken Men 《金瓶梅》Jin Ping Mei《风》《雅》《颂》Songs, Odes, Hymns。
四大名著英文名官方翻译

四大名著英文名官方翻译四大名著的英文翻译:《西游记》Pilgrimage to the West; Journey to the West 《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《红楼梦》A Dream in Red Mansions (The Story of the Stone) 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes; Water Margins 拓展资料例句:1、《西游记》讲唐僧往西天取经的故事。
The journey to the West tells how the Tang Monk went to the WesternHeaven to acquire scriptures. 2、这是中国的古典文学名著&小说《西游记》中的一段情节。
It's an episode from one of China's literary classics, a novel called Journey to the West. 3、毛氏父子先后合作完成了小说《三国演义》的批评和戏曲《琵琶记》的批评。
They collaborated in comment on The Romance of the Three Kingdoms and opera the Story of Lute. 4、《三国演义》中真正的强者是曹操,三家中一直居战略优势地位的是魏国。
Wei has always been in the strategic advantage in the three kingdoms. 5、《红楼梦》在中国文学史上占有重要位置。
A dream of Red Mansions occupies an important place in the history of Chinese literature. 6、《水浒传》里的英雄们都是爱“打抱不平”的好汉。
四大古典小说名著之水浒传

• 我们的翻译与 Shapiro 的大体相同。不同之处在于交 待了仁宗所在的朝代、嘉佑三年为公元1058年,在一 些细节处理如遣词造句上也略有区别。例如,第一句 的主语前面使用了两个介词短语,都有一定长度;第 二句的开头使用了名词独立结构等。其他各句以及所 用的部分词语,也都有所不同。但总体上看,差别不 大。 • 4.4.4 话说故宋哲宗皇帝在位时,其时距仁宗天子已 远,东京开封府汴梁宣武军,有一个浮浪破落户子弟, 姓高,排行第二,自小不成家业,只好刺枪使棒,最 是踢得好脚气毬,京师人口顺,不叫高二,却都叫他 “高毬”。
• 宋哲宗是宋代的第七个皇帝,他登基时离嘉佑三年相 距28年。东京之名源于五代的晋。晋迁都汴州(以汴 河而得名),改汴州为开封府,建号东京,历汉、周 至北宋而不改。汴梁,城市名,开封府的治所。梁古 代称大梁,是魏国的都城,汴梁由汴州、大梁而得名。 但开封作为城市名称,经常与汴梁交替使用。宣武军 唐代镇名,开始称汴宋,建中二年号宣武军,大约辖 四个州,治所在开封,后来成为朱全忠的根据地,本 节中可以理解为汴梁城的一个辖区。我们之所以不厌 其烦地介绍这些地名及其大略的沿革,是因为原文中 有东京开封府汴梁宣武军,如不加以介绍,可能不太 好理解。原文中只好刺枪使棒应做只是爱好刺枪使棒
•
• 4.4.1 话说大宋仁宗天子在位,嘉佑三年三月三日, 五更三点,天子驾坐紫宸殿,受百官朝贺已毕,当有 殿头官喝道:“有事出班早奏,无事卷帘退朝。”只 见班部丛中宰相赵哲、参政文彦博出班奏道:“目今 京师瘟疫流行,伤损军民甚多。俯望陛下,释罪宽恩, 省刑薄税,祈禳天灾,救济万民。” • 这是《水浒传》第一回中的第一段。宋仁宗赵祯是宋 朝的第四个皇帝,嘉佑是其在位期间使用的一个年号。 宋仁宗在位 41年,共使用9个年号,嘉佑是最后一个 年号,共使用了8年。嘉佑三年应该是公历1058年。 我国古代将一夜分为五更,每更大约两小时;又将每 更分为五点,每点约24分钟。参政在宋代为参知政事
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
程永生 著
4
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
“第一系统包括嘉靖本、周曰校本、夷白堂 本、夏震宇本等。在作者罗贯中的署名上,它 们都冠有‘后学’二字。每段都有一个单句的 ‘节目’。大多载有庸愚子(蒋大器)和修髯 子(张尚德)的序文。有的分为二十卷(每卷 十节),有的分为十二卷(每卷二十节)。早 期的嘉靖本、周曰校本的书名叫作《三国志通 俗演义》。
程永生 著
6
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
“第三系统为李卓吾评本、锺伯敬评本、 李笠翁(渔)评本。它们开始把二百四十节本 改造为一百二十回本。李卓吾评本不分卷,刊 行于明末,包括吴观明本、宝翰楼本、绿荫堂 本、藜光楼植楠堂本等。钟伯敬评本分为二十 卷,刊行于明末。李笠翁评本分为二十四卷, 刊行于清初,包括芥子园本、两衡堂本、遗香 堂本等。李卓吾本和闽刊本有一定的血缘关系。 李卓吾评本、钟伯敬评本出现于毛评本之前。 李笠翁评本则出现于毛评本之后。
程永生 著
7
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
“第四系统由多种的毛评本组成。全书共
分为六十卷,每卷两回。评者为毛纶、毛宗岗 (1632-1709)父子二人。他们对底本(一种 比较接近于罗贯中原本的版本)的许多地方进 行了增删与修饰。卷首的凡例十条详细地介绍 了他们的改动之处。他们还对全书和各回的文 字进行了细致的评点。毛评本刊行于康熙年间。 现知最早的刊本为醉耕堂本。其后的覆刻本以 及各种派生本甚多。毛评本成为清代以来最流 行的《三国志演义》版本。它的出现,扩大了 《三国志演义》的传播范围,使《三国志演义》 拥有了更多的读者。”
程永生 著
3
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
研究四大古典小说名著的人很多,有中国人也有外 国人,有些人可以说研究了一辈子如研究《红楼梦》 的俞平伯、冯其庸、周汝昌等。他们研究的问题很多, 涉及的领域也十分辽阔,研究也非常富有深度。《红 楼梦》与《三国演义》的版本问题就有不少人研究过, 例如刘世德先生对《三国演义》版本的研究。关于 《三国演义》版本问题,刘世德先生在为北京燕山出 版社出版的《三国演义》所写的《前言》中认为, 《三国演义》的版本很多,细说起来颇费周章,“简 单地说来,分为四个系统。第一、第二系统是二百四 十节本。第三、第四系统则是一百二十回本。
程永生 著
8
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
其他三种古典小说名著也都有版本问题,例如《红 楼梦》的版本,同《三国演义》的一样,也非常复杂, 限于篇幅,难以详细介绍。在进行翻译教学中适当地 讲授四大古典小说名著选段英译,当然不会要求学生 像专家们那样对之进行十分详尽的研究,我们之所以 以《三国演义》的版本研究为例介绍一点这些书的研 究情况目的在于提醒大家,今后如果有机会或者自己 有兴趣从事四大古典小说名著翻译时,要适当地对之 进行研究,要适当地参考专家们的研究成果。由于下 面的翻译是课堂教学翻译,而且主要是针对英语专业 本科生的,我们将主要研究所译段落的语言文字及其 含义,适当地介绍一点有关段落所涉及的文化知识、 作者的艺术手法和有关专家的研究成果。
程永生 著
2
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
另外作者的艺术手法也是翻译的一大难题。四大古典小说名著之 所以在中国家喻户晓、妇孺皆知,之所以不断地被翻译成各种文 字介绍到世界各地,除了集中反映中国古代文化因而充满魅力之 外,艺术手法出神入化也是重大原因之一。例如《红楼梦》它从 一问世就不断有人探索,有人研究,以致出现了“红学”,而且 还分成了旧红学、新红学、现代红学等许多流派。但无论分成多 少流派,无论大家再研究多少年,总还有探索与研究的空间,总 会有新的发现,新的收获。研究是全方位的,包括对小说的作者、 续书的作者、脂评中的评论者、小说人物和现实人物的关系、曹 氏家史、贾氏家史和曹氏家史的关系的索隐,然而这部小说的艺 术魅力无疑是研究的一个重点。例如,该书的对称结构,一干多 枝情节布局,前文伏笔、后文交代接榫方式,人物姓名、语言、 诗词歌赋都与情节相关联的手法等,都创下了我国古典小说之最。 而且,文学作品的艺术性又有赖于它的语言和它赖以生存的文化。 因此,翻译四大古典小说名著,就不仅仅是翻译,而且是研究了。
程永生 著
5
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
“第二系统不妨称为‘闵刊本’,包括余象斗本、 ‘评林’本、熊清波本、郑少垣本、杨起元本、郑世 容本、刘龙田本、笈邮斋本、杨美生本、熊佛贵本、 黄正甫本、美玉堂本、刘荣吾本、‘合像’本、朱鼎 臣本、王泗源本、熊成治本、‘汤学士校正’本、魏 某‘二刻’本等。它们绝大多数刊行于万历年间,而 且都在第一系统的周曰校本之后。刊印的地点都在福 建,而且基本上集中于建阳一地。它们分全书为二十 卷,上图下文,基本上以《三国志传》为书名。在故 事内容上,绝大多数插增了关索出身、入川的情节。
Contents:
第一节 《红楼梦》选段英译 G西游记》选段英译 Go 第四节 《水浒传》选段英译 Go
目录
1
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译
翻译四大古典小说名著,至少有三大难题:语言文字、 文化和文学艺术。如前所述,四大古典小说名著并不是 古代汉语材料,严格地说,都是用浅近的古代汉语写成 的,虽然都夹杂着古奥的古代汉语成分。尽管如此,四 大古典小说名著的语言文字与现代汉语的语言文字还是 有很大差距的。四大古典小说名著的语言文字与现代汉 语语言文字的差距还不是翻译的最大障碍,翻译四大古 典小说名著的最大障碍是小说所涉及的文化。四大古典 小说名著既涉及共时文化也涉及历时文化。所谓共时文 化就是小说成书时的中国文化,所谓历时文化就是书中 涉及与小说赖以为背景的在小说成书之前到成书之时的 中国历史文化。这些文化包括姓名文化、职官文化、器 物文化、建筑文化、园林文化、医药文化、地理文化、 民俗文化、语言文字文化、文学艺术文化、各种宗教文 化等。
程永生 著
9
第四章 汉语四大古典小说名著选段英译