科学史上4个著名的梦

科学史上第一个著名的梦

德国化学家凯库勒（F.A.Kekule，1829－1896）是一位极富想像力的学者，

他曾提出了碳原子四价学说和碳原子之间可以相连成-C-C-链状结构这一重要学说。

German chemist Kekule (F.A.Kekule ,1829-1896) is a very imaginative scholar. He had put forward the theory of tetravalent carbon atoms and the important doctrine of carbon atoms can be connected into -CC- chain structure.

1865年，他提出了苯的环状结构学说，他认为苯的结构可想像为6个链形碳原子闭合而成。也就是我们现在所说的凯库勒式.

In 1865, he proposed the benzene ring structure doctrine, he believed that 6 chain carbon atoms closed made the structure of benzene. That was the Kekule style.

他曾经提出了多种开链式结构而又因其与实验结果不符而被一一否定

所有的证据都表明苯分子非常对称，6个碳原子和6个氢原子完全对称地排列、形成稳定的分子。

He has proposed a variety of open-chain structures and denied them because they did not match with the experimental results.

All the evidence showed that the benzene molecule are very symmetrical, 6 carbon atoms and the six hydrogen atoms are completely symmetrically arranged to form a stable molecule.

关于凯库勒悟出苯分子的环状结构的经过，一直是化学史上的一个趣闻。

据他自己说这来自于一个梦。那是1864年他在比利时的根特大学任教时，一天夜晚，他在书房中壁炉前打起了瞌睡，眼前又出现了碳原子和分子们开始在幻觉中跳舞，一条碳原子链像蛇一样咬住自己的尾巴，在他眼前旋转不停。他像触电般地猛醒过来，明白了苯分子是一个环。对此，凯库勒说：“我们应该会做梦！……那么我们就可以发现真理，……但不要在清醒的理智检验之前，就宣布我们的梦。”

The history of Kekule realized the ring structure of the benzene molecule was an anecdote.

.That was in 1864, he taught at the University of Ghent in Belgium, one night, he dozed off in the den in front of the fireplace.the carbon atoms and molecules began to dance in illusion and a chain of carbon atoms liked a snake bit its own tail appeared , revolved in his eyes. He wake up like electric shock , understood the benzene molecule was a ring. In this regard, Kekule said: "We should be dreaming! ...... Then we can find the truth ... But do not announce our dreams before inspections ."

科学史上第二个著名的梦

1869年2月，化学王国的宪法--元素周期律。当时已经发现了63种元素，科学家无可避免地要想到，自然界是否存在某种规律，使元素能够有序地分门别类、各得其所？

In 1869 February, the constitution of the kingdom of chemical ---element periodic law. At that time ,already discovered 63 kinds of elements, the scientists would have to think about whether there was a law of nature, so that the elements can be arranged, orderly, play their proper roles?

35岁的化学教授门捷列夫苦苦思索着这个问题，在疲倦中进入了梦乡。

在梦里他看到一张表，元素们纷纷落在合适的格子里。醒来后他立刻记下了这个表的设计理念：元素的性质随原子序数的递增，呈现有规律的变化。

门捷列夫在他的表里为未知元素留下了空位，后来，很快就有新元素来填充，各种性质与他的预言惊人地吻合。

At the age of 35, the chemistry professor Mendeleev struggled with the question, in tired in sleep.In the dream he saw a form, the elements fell in the right box. When he awoke he immediately wrote down the table design concept: the properties of the elements with atomic numbers increased, presenting a regular change.Mendeleev left a vacancy in his vocabulary for the unknown elements , then, a new element appeared filling the variety , and consistent to his prophecies strikingly .

科学史上第三个著名的梦