高考语法填空专项训练——介词(真题版)

语法填空专项训练---介词

介词是高考中的一个重要考点，在高考中一般都有两空是专门考查介词的，占语法填空的五分之一左右。该题要求“在空格处填入一个适当的词”的限定，所以我们要重点关注简单介词(一个单词)，主要考点：

1.时间

at, in, on时间点和时间段by 不迟于，到……时为止after 在……之后before在……之前

for 一段时间during在……期间within在……期间，不超过since自从…throughout 贯穿……期间until/till直到from…to…从……到between在…之间over 在……期间，过完一段时间

2.方位

into 进入out of从……出来(a)round 围饶着或在……的各处along沿着

towards向或朝着to到或向from从up沿……而上

off从……离开或下来at朝着或向着for到…去down沿..而下

at在某一点或在(某物)旁in在某一范围内on在某物的表面上between在(两者)之间above在……的上头或高出below在…下面或低于among在(多者)之中around在……周围inside在……的里面outside在……的外面before在……之前behind在……的后面over在……的上方或上面under在……的下面或下方；beside/by在……的旁边near在……的附近beyond在……的那一边，远于，超过(某事物的范围) across在……的对面或那一边against 靠着

across从一边到另一边by/past从某人或某物的旁边经过

over从某人或某物的上空经过through从某事物的里面经过。

3. 原因because of, owing to, due to, for, with, at

( at常放在情感变化后的动词、形容词或名词后原因，相当于“听到或看到”)等。

4. 方式、方法或手段

By 乘、坐、骑(接交通工具), 靠、通过in用(某种语言或材料，如墨水, 抽象的文具in ink, in pen, in pencil等) with用(具体的工具)，和……一起；伴随through通过(实践或书本)等

。

5. “除……外”except, besides, but, except for等。

6. “数量” about(大约), around(大约), over(超过)等

“关于”on, about等；

“所属”“部分与整体关系”of

(增加/减少，相差，高出等的)程度by

以及，like(像…一样)等。

7. 能接复合宾语的介词with和without

8. 短语中的介词。“动词+介词”短语，look after, care for，congratulate on等；

“动词+副词+介词”短语catch up with, get on with, work hard at, do well in等；

“动词+名词+介词”take are of, take notice of等；

“名词+介词”，effect on, congratulations on等。

解题技巧：

1. 什么情况下可能是填介词？

我们首先必须知道两点：

(1)介词必须要接宾语，其宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词，或者what从句；

(2)名词、代词或动名词在句中通常作主语、动词的宾语、介词的宾语。

因此，我们在解答语法填空时，若空格后是名词、代词或动名词时，且他们不是在句中作主语，也不是在动词后作宾语时，这个格空就很可能是填介词。

2. 应该填哪个介词？

在判断可能填介词之后，要根据具体的语境来确定填哪个介词，特别是根据空格所在句子的意思来选择一个恰当。另外，以下几条思路对解题非常用：

(1)由特殊的结构关系来确定。如能接复合宾语(宾语+宾补)只能是with或without。

[例1] You have no idea how she finished the relay race __with____ her foot wounded so much. (福建)

(2)考虑介词(空格)与前面的动词或名词之间的搭配关系，或者介词(空格)与后面名词之间的搭配关系来确定具体要填。[例2]…the villagers who had gathered around me were arguing as to who should have the honor of receiving me ______a guest in their house.

分析：句意是“把我们作为客人接待”，“当作，作为”用介词as。

一、单句填空：用适当填空。

1. Fred entered without knocking and, very out of breath, sank ___________ a chair. (安徽)

2. If you really have to leave during the meeting, you’d better leave ___________ the back door. (北京)

3. A great man shows his greatness ___________ the way he treats little men. (福建)

4. You have no idea how she finished the relay race _________ her foot wounded so much. (福建)

5. I like Mr. Miner’s speech; it was clear and _______________ the point. (辽宁)

6. Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing _________ a stepping-stone to future success. (宁夏)

7. Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like ____________ working here. (全国Ⅱ)

8. I began to feel _____________ home in the new school when I saw some familiar faces. (山东)

9. Elizabeth has already achieved success ______________ her wildest dreams. (陕西)

10. Everything was perfect for the picnic except _______________ the weather. (浙江)

11. This is a junior school. You should go to a senior school ___________ girls of your age. (北京)

12. Although _________ my opinion, the old professor didn’t come up with his own. (福建)

13. ______ the silence of the pauses, we could hear each other’s breathing and could almost hear our own heartbeats. (湖南)

14. Scientists are convinced _________ the positive effect of laughter ______ physical and mental health. (江西)

15. Experts have been warning _________ some time of the health risks caused by passive smoking. (江西)

16. The manager suggested an earlier date ______ the meeting. (全国I)

17. Some people choose jobs for other reasons _________ money these days. (全国II)

18. Some students often listen to music ______ classes to refresh themselves. (四川)

19. The open-air celebration has been put off because ______ the bad weather. (浙江)

20. Sorry, Madam. You’d better come tomorrow because it’s _________the visiting hours. (福建)

21. It’s quite__________ me why such things have been allowed to happen.(安徽)

22. ---It’s a top secret.---Yes, I see. I will keep the secret ________ you and me. (上海)

23. People have always been curious ______ how living things on the earth exactly began. (辽宁)

24. After the earthquake, the injured were cared ______ in the local hospitals or taken to the hospitals in the neighboring cities.

(江西)

25. I would like a job which pays more, but ______ the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment. (浙江)

26. More and more young people are fond __________ playing tennis nowadays. (上海)

27. Leave your key with a neighbor ______ case you lock yourself out one day. (北京)

28. Villagers here depend on the fishing industry, __________ which there won’t be much work. (上海)

29. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread out further, ______ which New York is an example. (四川)