综合教程4课后翻译原文+答案
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译Key to book4 unit1-6 Unit 1Active reading (1)Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofaReading and understanding Dealing with unfamiliar words3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached)4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming)5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump)6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert)7 to say what happened (recount)4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents.5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.- 1 -1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive)2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my drivinglicence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial)4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched)5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate)6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed)6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve?3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual?4 Does a pushy person tr y to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say?5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing?7 Answer the questions about the phrases. 1 Is fork out (a) a formal, or(b) an informal way of saying to pay for something?2 If you are in the same boat as another person, are you (a) making the same journey together, or (b) in the same difficult or unpleasant situation?3 If you feel you have come full circle, do you (a) feel you are backwhere you started, or (b) feel a sense of satisfaction because you have completed something?4 If someone takes a soft line, do they deal with a person (a) in a kind and sympathetic way, or (b) in a lazy way without making a decision?5 If you strike the right note about something, are you expressingyourself (a) well, or (b) badly? 6 If you do something by all means, do you (a) try your best to do it, or (b) not care about it? 7 If you nudge someone back into the saddle, are you encouraging them to (a) take responsibility again, or (b) take it easy?8 If you talk through a problem with someone, do you (a) examine itcarefully and sensitively, or (b) refer to it quickly and then change the subject?- 2 -Active reading (2) If you ask meDealing with unfamiliar words4 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 funny orentertaining (amusing)2 used for emphasizing that something good has happened, especially because of good luck (fortunately)3 an amount of money that a person, business or country borrows, usually from a bank (loan)4 to take an amount or number from a total (deduct)5 the most exciting, impressive, or interesting part of an event (highlight)6 to show that you understand someone‘s problems (sympathize)7 needing a lot of time, ability, and energy (demanding)5 Complete the conversation with the correct form of the words in Activity 4. A After three years at university, I‘m now quite heavily in debt.B I (1) sympathize with you, I know what it‘s like to have financial problems. But (2) fortunately I didn‘t need to take out a student (3) loan when I was at university, because I had a part-time job. A What did you do?B I worked in a restaurant at weekends. A That must have been very (4) demanding.B Yes, it was. I had to get the right balance between work and study. But the other people who worked there were good fun to be with, so it was quite (5) amusing too. The (6) highlight of the weekend was always Saturday night whenwe worked overtime. A But I don‘t expect you made a lot of money?B No, there wasn‘t much after they‘d (7) deducted tax and pens ion contributions. But it was enough to keep me going.6 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes.- 3 -1 When I was at college I kept all my personal things in an old cupboard.2 A lot of people who leave university before getting a degree end up in good jobs.3 I think she‘ll get a good degree, but I wouldn‘t risk my money on the exact result.4 The money I spent at college was more than what I earned in my part-time job.5 The chances of my being offered a job after that interview must be quite remote.6 Our business has done very well since we changed our advertising.7 I think telling the truth and not cheating is always the best policy. Key: (1) belongings (2) dropouts (3) gamble (4) exceeded (5) odds (6) has thrived (7) honesty7 Answer the questions about the words and expressions. 1 If something is not all it’s cracked up to be, is it (a) valid and interesting, or (b) just a little bit disappointing?2 If someone keeps banging on about something, are you likely to be (a) interested in, or (b) bored by what they say?3 If there is a lot of hassle in your life, are you likely to feel (a) stressed, or (b) relaxed?4 If something happens out of the blue, is it (a) unexpected, or (b) part of your plan?5 If you say you ended up in a particular job, do you suggest that (a) you have fulfilled your ambition, or (b) it happened almost by chance?6 Are the regulars in a pub (a) the customers who come very often, or (b) the food the pub offers most often?7 If something is dead easy, is it (a) very easy, or (b) not easy at all?8 If you treat someone to something, do you (a) buy something nice for them, or (b) behave badly to them?9 If you cheer a place up, do you (a) make the place look brighter, or (b) make the people in the place happier?Reading and interpreting8 Look at the sentences from the passage and identify the style features.- 4 -1 Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?This shows the informality of an incomplete sentence in the first part, the use of an informal expression (banging on) and a rhetorical question to the reader (What do I find?)2 Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?) …This has the use of an informal word (hassle), an informal exclamation (god) and a question to the reader (When will they grow up?)3 Actually, I had my eye on the course at the London School of Economics (LSE).Here there is a discourse marker typical of speech (Actually) and an informal phrase (had my eye on). 4 I kind of understand it, and not just because my degree is in economics.Here �Dkind of‖ is a sort of discourse marker of informal speech (showing something is general, vague or not definite).5 I wanted something in finance and investments, because you know, maybe with a job like that, I could use my degree.This has a discourse marker of informal speech (you know). 6 ... it‘s true, he really did seem to have three hands.Again here is a discourse marker of informal speech (it‘s true). 7 I talked to him about ... well, about pretty well everything …This has another discourse marker of informal speech (well) and an informal phrase (pretty well).Language in useword formation: compound nouns 1 Write the compound nouns which mean:1 a degree which is awarded a first class (a first-class degree)2 work ina hospital (hospital work) 3 a ticket for a plane journey (a plane ticket) 4 a discount for students (a student discount)- 5 -感谢您的阅读，祝您生活愉快。
新标准大学英语综合教程4(unit1-6)课后答案及课文翻译
see3 Rewrite the sentences using see .1 In 1987 there was a major stock market crash.1987 saw a major stock market crash.2 The early 1980s was a period of steady economic growth.The early 1980s saw a period of steady economic growth.3 Long hair made a brief return in the 1990s.The 1990s saw a brief return to long hair.4 On the first day of the sales there were hundreds of people queuing in the streets.The first day of the sales saw hundreds of people queuing in the streets.5 There was great techno logical change during our grandparents‘ generation.Our grandparents‘ generation saw a great technological change.turn out to be4 Rewrite the sentences using turn out to be .1 I thought the ring was made of gold, but in the end it proved to be silver.I thought the ring was made of gold, but it turned out to be silver.2 She looked like my cousin, but she was actually a complete stranger.She looked like my cousin, but she turned out to be a complete stranger.3 The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it proved to be a good investment.The house needed a lot of work doing on it, but it turned out to be a good investment.4 I saw smoke rising from the building, but it was a false alarm.I saw smoke rising from the building, but it turned out to be a false alarm.5 I didn‘t want to move to England, but in the end it proved to be a wise decision.I didn‘t want to move to England, but it turned out to be a wise decision.collocations5 Read the explanations of the words. Answer the questions.1hint A hint can be something you say to show your feelings without saying directly what they are, a small amount of something, or a piece of advice.(a) If someone has a hint of a smile on their face, what do you see?You see just a small sign of a smile but not a proper smile.(b) What helpful hints would you give someone starting their own business?I‘d suggest that they need to have a clear focus on what the business is about and exactly how it will work, eg the person should identify a niche in the market that the new business can fill.(c) If you drop a hint about what you would like for your birthday, do you ask for it directly?No, of course not! You just find a way to join in with a normal conversation and say something about what you would like.2range This word can mean a number of things of the same general type, the distance or limits of something, or to move freely.(a) What can you find in a shop which stocks a wide range of products?You can find products of all kinds, a good variety of them.(b) What would be the best thing to do if you were within range of someone with a gun?Run quickly away out of range if there is time; if not, take shelter.(c) Which is the biggest mountain range in China?Well, the Himalayas are the highest, but the Tian Shan or Kunlun mountain ranges are longer.(d) What have hens which lay free-range eggs been able to do?They have been able to run and walk around freely, compared to hens which are kept in small cagesor containers.3 reflect This word can mean to be a sign of a situation, or to think carefully about something.(a) Whose image is reflected if you look in a mirror?Your own image is reflected back to you when you look in a mirror.(b) Do you believe that the state of the economy can be reflected in the height of hemlines?I wouldn‘t have believed it before I read the passage, but I believe it now!(c) Do you ever reflect on the mistakes you make in English?Yes, I do try to reflect on them because I know such reflection is a good way to improve my English.4 rise This word can mean an increase in number, amount or value, or the achievement of success or power.(a) Why was there a sharp rise in unemployment in the West in the 1930s?The sharp rise in unemployment was due to the stock market crash and the financial crisis.(b) What do you know about the rise and fall of the Roman Empire?I know that over several hundred years the Roman Empire expanded, but after a time it then declined over a long period. There‘s a famous book called The Rise and Fall of the Roman Empire. (c) Do you live in a high-rise block of flats?I know that a lot of people in cities in China do live in large apartment blocks which have many floors, maybe 15 or 20 or more, but I live in a flat in a much smaller house of just three floors.(d) What are the different factors which give rise to new fashions?Fashion designers produce innovations and new styles. There are changes in the economic situation so that people may spend more or less on clothes; also new materials and colours become available,and people get different ideas about what to wear when they travel to other places or watch filmsand TV.6 Translate the paragraph into Chinese.Sometimes the hemline indicator, as it‘s called, can even precede and predict a change in the mood of the stock market long before it actually happens. In September 2007, at the New York fashion shows, which were displaying their styles for spring 2008, the trend was for much longer dresses and skirts, many to mid-calf or even down to the ankles. Some people felt this showed that the hemline indicator was no longer reliable, and that designers no longer dictated what people would wear. During the London and New York fashion shows in September 2008, hemlines continued to drop. But sure enough, in the fall of 2008, the stock market indexes fell dramatically when the banking crisis hit the US, Europe and then the rest of the world. Hemlines were no longer following the stock market – they were showing the way and indicating future economic trends.有时候，所谓的裙摆指标甚至能事先早早就预告股市的变化。
全新版大学英语综合教程4-课后段落翻译-答案
Unit 1攻势已经持续了三天,但是我们并没有取得多少进展。
师长命令我们营夜晚绕到敌人后方发起突然袭击.然而，要绕到敌人后方,我们必须越过一片沼泽地。
我们很多人担心会陷入泥潭之中。
我们营长决定冒一下险。
所幸由于寒冷天气沼泽地都结上了冰，我们于天亮前到达目的地并从敌人后方发起进攻。
这一下扭转了战局。
敌人没有戒备，不就便投降了。
The offensive had lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy at night and launch a surprise attack。
To do this we have to cross a marshland, and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. Luckily enough, thanks to the severely cold weather which had made the marshland freeze over, we arrived our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear。
This had turned the tide of the battle。
The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered。
Unit2汽车自从发明以来使交通运输发生了革命性的变化，永远地改变了人们的生活、旅行和办事的方式。
大学英语综合教程第四册课后翻译及答案
1.) Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.
我喜欢雇佣年经人。他们愿意学习，而且忠于职守。
2) I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.
玛丽和她那些以自己孩子为中心的女友们不同，更在意个人成长。
3) Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.
我的直觉是亨利会设法参加这次探险，因此他有一点冒险家的气质。
1）. I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.
即使置身于一个嘈杂的环境中，他也能坚持做手头的工作。
多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收。
1) Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.
我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器。
2) We must not underestimate the enemy.They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.
综合教程4课后翻译原文+答案
综合教程4课后翻译原⽂+答案Unit 11. 多尔蒂先⽣和他的家⼈⽬前正在农场忙于秋收：Mr. Doherty and his family are curre ntly en gaged in getti ng the autu mn harvest i n on the farm.2. 我们不能低估敌⼈，他们装备了最先进的武器：We must not un derestimate the en emy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weap ons.3. 菲尔已三个⽉没有找到⼯作了，正变得越来越绝望：Having bee n cut of a job/Not havi ng had a job for 3mon ths, Phil is gett ing in creas in gly desperate.4. 作为项⽬经理，⼭姆办事果断，⼯作效率⾼，且判断准确：Sam, as the project man ager , is decisive, efficie nt, and accurate in his judgme nt.5. 既然已证实这家化⼯⼚是污染源，村委会决定将其关闭，为此损失了⼀百个⼯作岗位：Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Unit 21. 空⽓中有⼀种不寻常的寂静，只有远处响着⼤炮的声⾳：There was an unu sual quiet ness in the air , except for the sound of artillery in the dista nee.2. 在某些⾮洲国家城市的扩展已引起⽣活⽔平相当⼤的下降和社会问题的增多：The expa nsion of urba n areas in some Africa n coun tries has bee n caus ing a sig ni fica nt fall in livi ng sta ndards and an in crease in social problem.3. 研究表明⼤⽓中的⼆氧化碳的含量与全球温度密切相关：.The research shows that atmospheric carb on dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4. 最近公共汽车的车辆⾏驶频率已有改善，从15分钟缩短到12分钟⼀班：The freque ncy of the bus service has bee n improved from 15 to 12 mi nu tes recen tly.5. 那位跳⽔运动员⽴在跳⽔板边沿，只等教练发出信号便会⽴刻跳下：The diver stood on the edge of the divi ng board, poised to jump at the sig nal from the coach.Un it 31. 尽管在此次紧急迫降中，飞机跑道不够长，但经验⽼到的飞⾏员还是让飞机滑⾏了很短⼀段时间后就停了下来：Despite the in adequate len gth of the airstrip in this emerge ncy landing, the vetera n pilot man aged to stop the pla ne after taxii ng for only a short while.2. 在记者反复追问下，该影星终于说漏了嘴，承认⾃⼰做过两次整容⼿术：Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eve ntually blurted (out) that she had un derg one two plastic surgeries.3. 我们有技术，我们的合伙⼈有资⾦。
新标准大学英语综合教程4课后习题翻译参考答案汉译英英译汉
If you ask me, real life is not all it's cracked up to be. Twelve years at school and three years at university, teachers banging on about opportunities in the big wide world beyond our sheltered life as students, and what do I find?Try as I might to stay cheerful, all I ever get is hassle, sometimes with people (especially boys, god, when will they grow up?), but mostly with money. It's just so expensive out here! Everyone wants a slice off you. The Inland Revenue wants to deduct income tax, the bank manager wants repayments on my student loan, the landlord wants the rent, gas, water, electricity and my mobile bills keep coming in, and all that's before I've had anything to eat. And then some bright spark calls me out of the blue, asking if I'm interested in buying a pension. At this rate, I won't even last till the end of the year, let alone till I'm 60。
2023大学_全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题答案和翻译免
2023全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）4第四册课后习题答案和翻译免全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 1 VocabularyI. 1. 1) expansion 2) automated 3) vapor 4) take control of 5) hazards6) satellite 7) vibrated 8) magnetic 9) bunched 10) in the air 11) got/was stuckin12) approximately2. 1) send out 2) stand up for 3) pass for 4) were closing in on5) starting up 6) went through 7) fill out 8) fall into3. 1)… incorporates all the latest safety features2) …two trees ten feet apart3) … awarding lucrative contracts to his construction site4) … the prototype of a new model before they set up a factory to make the cars.5) … are correlated in all racial groups4.1) the application, remote, has turned into a reality, are poised to2) that vibrate, can detect, frequency3) lanes, are mounted in, alert a, hazardII. Word FormationClipped Words BlendsKilo kilogram Medicare medical careMemo memorandum email electronic mailgym gymnasium comsat communications satellitelib liberation newscast news broadcastdoc doctor skyjack sky hijackvet veterinarian Eurodollar European dollarprep preparatory brunch breakfast and lunchauto automobile telecast television broadcastflu influenza Oxbridge OxfordandCambridgeIII. 1. swimming pool 2. drawing board 3. enriched Middle English 4. disturbing change 5. fully developed prototype 6. Canned foods 7. working population 8. puzzling differences Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.1) computerized 2) start up 3) be poised to 4) alert 5)hazards 6) monotonous 7) take control of 8) steer 9) lane 10) decrease 11) calculate 12) eliminate 13) getting stuck in 14) mounted 15) detect 16) vapor2.1) generates 2) related 3) revolutionized 4) enabled 5) opportunities 6) overall 7) manufacturing 8) dependent 9) interact 10) fatalitiesII. Translation1.1) There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2) The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3) The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levels are closely correlated with global temperatures.4) The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently5) The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.2.Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, todaythe application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams.全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 2 Content questions1. He runs a manufacturing company.2. Almost all of them were no.3. This applicant was ill prepared for the job he was applying for and therefore ill qualified.4. Prepare to win.5. They now have to switch jobs frequently.6. A 90-year-old tennis player who wanted to work on his weakness -- backhand court.7. Believing in yourself, even when no one else does.8. Because he will mention a cab driver who is different.9. His efforts to make a difference.10.He was offered a ride on a day whenMinnesotawas hit with one of the worst snowstorms in years and the international airport there was closed for the first time in decades.11. Because there were no tracks left in the snow, which means he was the first person to take off from there.12 Carlson was excited about being first, which is exactly what the writer recommends to job applicants.Text Organization1.Parts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1- 6 An ill-prepared college graduate failed his interview.Part Two Paras 7-27 Four pieces of advice on being a successful interviewee.Part Three Paras 28-31 Make your own tracks in whatever you do.2.Suggestions Examples1) Prepare to win. 1) Michael Jordan2) Never stop learning. 2) a 90-year-old tennis player3) Believe in yourself,even when no one else does 3) the four-minute mile, the New York Marathon and the Vietnamveteran.4) Find a way to make a difference. 4) aNew Yorkcabdriver.Language Sense Enhancement1.(1) checked with (2) interview (3) grill (4) clippings(5) be right for (6) follow up (7) indicating (8)hand-delivered(9) prepared (10) prospectiveLanguage FocusI. 1.1) rude 2) physically 3) structure 4) made a difference 5) blurted (out) 6) chuckling 7) measurable 8) prospective 9) preparations 10) sparkled 11) took a crack at 12) partner2.1) go after 2) look back at/on 3) be put up 4) stood for 5) build in 6) follow up 7) be hooked up to 8) closed up3.1) grilled her about where she had been all night2) beyond Cinderellas wildest dreams that she could one day dance in the Kings palace3) will be in readers hands soon4) do your homework before going on an interview.5) was in the neighborhood of 150 dollars.4.1)applicants,veteran, the prospective2)From his standpoint,has made every endeavor to go after3) as the saying goes, to have a crack at, barelyII. Words with Multiple Meanings1. behave2. used to avoid repetition3. Clean4. get along5. perform/complete6. perform/complete7. study8. be enough9. be acceptableIII. Usage1. There is so much to say and it is hard to know where to begin. OK, Ill talk about myself first.2. Thank you very much, John, for your beautiful Christmas card. By the way, I have something here for you.3. The new computer language can be quite easily understood by anyone who can read the daily newspaper. Now, why is this an advantage?4. Im going to work out the outline and will let you know how it goes. By the way, I will see you in February, as I plan to attend your seminar inShanghai.5. OK, you got the job. Now, how to maximize your profits with as little effort as possible?6. Chris is back fromAustralia. Incidentally, those pictures you sent me are wonderful.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze1.(1) prospective (2) As I see it (3) done your homework (4) beforehand(5) endeavor (6) structure (7) partners (8) Respond (9) take a crack(10) from the standpoint (11) make a difference (12) follow up2.(1) encouraging (2) inquiry (3) relevant (4) samples(5) references (6) advice (7) preparing (8) seriously(9) probably (10) exhibitII. Translation1.1) Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2) Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3) We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, well have the future in our hands.4) If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack.5) People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.2.Well begun, half done, as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment. From my standpoint, whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a differences in his chance of success.I have a friend who is earning somewhere in the neighborhood of 100,000 dollars a years in a large computer software company. He told me that from his own experience the decision makers who interview prospective employees like people who are well prepared. Those who make no endeavor to learn as much about his prospective employer as possible dont have much of a chance of success.2023全新版大学英语综合教程（第二版）4第四册课后习题答案和翻译免费下载地址全新版大学英语综合教程(第二版)4第四册课后习题Unit 3 Part II Text Alexf OrganizationParts Paragraphs Main IdeasPart One Paras 1-2 Introduction — Both Napoleons and Hitlers military campaigns failed because of the severity of the Russian winter.Part Two Paras 3-11 Napoleons military campaign againstRussiaPart Three Paras 12-20 Hitlers military campaign against theSoviet UnionPart Four Para 21 Conclusion—the elements of nature must be rekoned with in any military campaign.2.Sections Paragraphs Main IdeasSection One Paras 12-13 Hitlers blitzkrieg againstRussiaand Stalins scorched earth policySection Two Paras 14-18 the battles foughtatLeningrad,MoscowandStalingradSection Three Paras 19-20 the Russian counter-offensive and the outcome of the warVocabularyI. 1. 1) alliance 2) at the cost of3) stroke 4) limp5) minus 6) regions7) declarations 8) siege9) raw 10) bide his time11) have taken their toll 12) in the case of2. 1) is faced with 2) get bogged down3) is pressing on / pressed on 4) drag on5) get by 6) dine out7) have cut back 8) get through3. 1) The rapid advance in gene therapy may lead to the conquest of cancer in the near future.2) Production in many factories has been brought to a halt by the delayed arrival of raw materials due to the dock workers strike3) Sara has made up her mind that her leisure interests will/should never get in the way of her career.4) Obviously the reporters question caught the foreign minister off guard.5) The introduction of the electronic calculator has rendered the slide rule out of date /obso lete.4. 1) Being faced with an enemy forces much superior to ours, we had to give up the occupation of big cities and retreat to the rural and mountainous regions to build up our bases.2) Unity is crucial to the efficient operation of an organization. Failure to reckon with this problem will weaken its strength. In many cases,work may be brought to a halt by constant internal struggle in an organization.3) The Red Army fought a heroic battle at Stalingrad and won the decisive victory against the Germans. In fact, this battle turned the tidein the Second World War. During this famous battle, the Soviet troops withstood the German siege and weakened the German army by launching a series of counterattacks.II.More Synonyms in Context1) During the First World War, battles occurred here and there over vast areas. Some of the most dramatic fighting took place inthe gloomy trenches ofFrance andBelgium.2) Elizabethmade careful preparations for the interview and her efforts / homework paid off.3) I spent hours trying to talk him into accepting the settlement, but he turned a deaf ear to all my words.4) Pneumonia had severely weakened her body, and I wondered how her fragile body could withstand the harsh weather.III. Usage1) But often it is not until we fall ill that we finally learn to appreciate good health.2) A rich old lady lay dead at home for two weeks—and nobody knew anything about it.3) Its said he dropped dead from a heart attack when he was at work4) Dont sit too close to the fire to keep warm—you could easily get burned, especially if you fall asleep.5) In those days people believed in marrying young and having children early.6) Little Tom was unable to sit still for longer than a few minutes.Comprehensive ExercisesI. Cloze(A)1. invasion2. stand in the way3. Conquest4. catching... off his guard5. launching6. declaration7. campaign 8. drag on9. reckon with 10. bringing...to a halt(B)1. allow2. reckoned3. highly4. forecasts5. rapidly6. instant7. delivery 8. advantage9. observing 10. PowerfulII. Translation1. Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4. Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5. Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take agamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered.。
综合教程大学英语4课本译文及课后答案
《大学英语4 》复习自整理2017年6月20日柏映羽版权所有，请勿翻印第一单元MAN AND NATURE一．TEXTA（P4-7）课文翻译：人在自然界亚历山大•斯伯金1 人类生活在大自然的王国里。
他们时刻被大自然所包围并与之相互影响。
人类呼吸的空气、喝下的水和摄入的食物，无一不令人类时刻感知到大自然的影响。
我们与大自然血肉相连，离开大自然，我们将无法生存。
2 人类不仅生活在大自然之中，同时也在改变着大自然。
人类把自然资源转变为各种文化、社会历史的财富。
人类降服并控制了电，迫使它为人类社会的利益服务。
人类不仅把各种各样的动植物转移到不同的气候环境下，也改变了他所生活环境的地貌和气候，并使动植物因之而发生转变。
3 随着社会的发展，人类对大自然的直接依赖越来越少，而间接的依赖却越来越多。
我们远古的祖先生活在大自然的威胁及破坏力的恐惧之中，他们常常连基本的生活物资都无法获取。
然而，尽管工具不甚完备，他们却能同心协力，顽强工作，并总是有所收获。
在与人类的相互作用中，大自然也发生了改变。
森林被破坏了，耕地面积增加了。
大自然及其威力被看成是和人类敌对的东西。
譬如，森林被认为是野性的和令人恐惧的，因此人类便想方设法使其面积缩小。
这一切都是打着“文明”的旗号进行的，所谓“文明”，就是指人类在那些地方建立了家园，那些地方的土地得以耕耘，那里的森林已被砍伐。
4 然而，随着岁月的流逝，人类越来越关注的是在何处以及如何得到生产所需的不可替代的自然资源的问题。
科学与人类改变大自然的实践活动已经使人类意识到了工业在改变地球的进程中对地质产生的重大影响。
5 目前，人与自然以及自然与社会整体之间过去存在的动态平衡，已呈现崩溃的迹象。
生物圈中所谓可替代资源的问题变得极为严重。
人类和社会的需求，即便是像淡水一样的物质，也变得越来越难以满足。
清除工业废物的问题也变得日益复杂。
6 现代技术的特征是生产和使用日益丰富的人工合成产品。
人们生产成千上万种人工合成材料。
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综合教程4课后翻译原文+答案Unit 11. 多尔蒂先生和他的家人目前正在农场忙于秋收：Mr. Doherty and his family are currently engaged in getting the autumn harvest in on the farm.2. 我们不能低估敌人，他们装备了最先进的武器：We must not underestimate the enemy. They are equipped with the most sophisticated weapons.3. 菲尔已三个月没有找到工作了，正变得越来越绝望：Having been cut of a job/Not having had a job for 3months, Phil is getting increasingly desperate.4. 作为项目经理，山姆办事果断，工作效率高，且判断准确：Sam, as the project manager, is decisive, efficient, and accurate in his judgment.5. 既然已证实这家化工厂是污染源，村委会决定将其关闭，为此损失了一百个工作岗位：Since the chemical plant was identified as the source of solution, the village neighborhood committee decided to close it down at the cost of 100 jobs.Unit 21. 空气中有一种不寻常的寂静，只有远处响着大炮的声音：There was an unusual quietness in the air, except for the sound of artillery in the distance.2. 在某些非洲国家城市的扩展已引起生活水平相当大的下降和社会问题的增多：The expansion of urban areas in some African countries has been causing a significant fall in living standards and an increase in social problem.3. 研究表明大气中的二氧化碳的含量与全球温度密切相关：.The research shows that atmospheric carbon dioxide levelsare closely correlated with global temperatures.4. 最近公共汽车的车辆行驶频率已有改善，从15分钟缩短到12分钟一班：The frequency of the bus service has been improved from 15 to 12 minutes recently.5. 那位跳水运动员立在跳水板边沿，只等教练发出信号便会立刻跳下：The diver stood on the edge of the diving board, poised to jump at the signal from the coach.Unit 31.尽管在此次紧急迫降中，飞机跑道不够长，但经验老到的飞行员还是让飞机滑行了很短一段时间后就停了下来：Despite the inadequate length of the airstrip in this emergency landing, the veteran pilot managed to stop the plane after taxiing for only a short while.2.在记者反复追问下，该影星终于说漏了嘴，承认自己做过两次整容手术：Grilled by the reporters, the movie star eventually blurted (out) that she had undergone two plastic surgeries.3.我们有技术，我们的合伙人有资金。
一起干，我们就掌握了未来: We have the technology and our partner has the capital. Working together, we’ll have the future in our hands.4.要是我事先知道你会带这么多朋友回家，我会好好准备的。
你看，我现有的食品和饮料连小吃一顿都不大够：If I had known beforehand that you would bring so many friends home, I would have made better preparations. You see, I have barely enough food and drinks for a snack. 5. 当人们得知地震灾区将要建造结构更牢固的新校舍时，纷纷慷慨解囊：People gave generously upon learning that new school rooms with stronger structures were to be built in the earthquake-stricken area.常言道，好的开端是成功的一半。
在求职时，求职者事先做好充分的准备是非常重要的。
我认为，事先作不作准备常常会影响求职者的成功机会。
Well begun is half done,as the saying goes.It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his homework while seeking employment.From my standpoint,whether or not one has done his homework clearly makes a difference in his chance of success.Unit 41.因为约翰不看好欧洲经济，所以把资产转移到了欧洲以外的其他地方Due to his pessimistic outlook on the European economy, John has moved his assets from Europe to elsewhere.2.我喜欢雇佣年轻人。
他们愿意学习，而且忠于职守：I like hiring young people. They are earnest learners and committed to work.3. 玛丽和她那些以自己孩子为中心的女友们不同，更在意个人成长：Unlike her girl friends who center their lives on their children, Mary cares more about her personal growth.4.有一大批同事们和你意见不合，这是怎么回事：Why is it that a considerable number of colleagues are at odds with you?5.中国政府出台了一系列政策以加强同发展中国家的合作：The Chinese government has introduced a variety of policies to strengthen cooperation with developing countries.Unit 51. 我的直觉是亨利会设法参加这次探险，因为他有一点冒险家的气质：I have an instinct that Henry will seek to join the expedition, because he is something of an adventurer.2.即使置身于一个嘈杂的环境中，他也能坚持做手头的工作：He is capable of sticking to the task at hand, even if he is exposed to noises.3.这个商标是依据迄今有效的法律注册的：The trademark was registered in accordance with the laws hitherto in force.4.奇怪的是，许多人资源帮助组织会议，但是只有少数几人到场：Oddly enough, many people volunteered to help organize the meeting, but only a few turned up.5.老师那充满关爱的话语，以及坦诚的评价改变了迈克对于社会和他自己的看法：The te acher’s affectionate words, along with his candid comments, changed the way Mike perceived the society and himself.亨廷顿（Huntington）教授的论文使我深受启发。
他认为，在一个多元化社会里，不同意见是不可避免的。
关键在于怎样正确对待不同意见，使之发挥建设性、而非破坏性的作用。
他还说，在一个多元化社会里，我们必须注重人际关系，强调合作，多从他人视角考虑问题。
如果某些群体自视高人一等，不尊重其他种族或宗教，那么整个社会有可能陷入瘫痪。
我相信，要是我们把上述想法付诸实践，那我们就有可能创造出一种新的文明。
Professor Huntington's paper greatly inspired me.According to him,in a plural/pluralistic society,there will inevitably be different opinions.The key is to deal with them in such a way that they can play a constructive rather than destructive role. He argues that in a plural society we must attach importance to interpersonal relationships,cooperation,andlooking at issues from the perspective of other people.If some groups regard themselves as superior and treat other ethnic groups or religions with disrespect,the whole society may be paralysed.就我来说，如果要雇个职员我肯定不会单凭他的长相就作出决定。