副词和副词性短语作状语在句中的位置

副词和副词性短语作状语在句中的位置

副词和副词性短语作状语在句子中的位置主要有三种情况：句首、句中和句尾，现在分述如下：

一、频度副词，如always, usually, often, sometimes, never等，一般位于句中，有时也可以位于句首或句尾。

1. 位于实义动词之前。例如：

He always reads English in the morning.

I often go to work at eight in the morning.

I hardly ever heard him singing.

2. 如果句中含有情态动词或助动词，频度副词通常放在这类动词之后，行为动词之前；如果句中有be动词，频度副词常常放在其后。例如：

You must always read English in the morning.

He has never been late.

Tom is sometimes late for school.

3. 当often前面有very或quite修饰时，often通常置于句尾。例如：

He comes to my house very often.

He is late for the meeting quite often.

sometimes可置于句首，且句子不用倒装。例如：

Sometimes they play football on Sundays. (=They sometimes play football on Sundays.)

二、时间副词或副词性短语，如today, yesterday, tomorrow, now, soon, tonight, then, these days, in the morning, all day, last year等，在句子中的位置有以下几种情况：

1. 通常置于句首或句末。例如：

I’m getting ready for the exam these days.

Tomorrow I’ll go to see you.

2. 如果一个句子中有两个或两个以上的时间副词或副词性短语时，表示时间较短的副词或短语位于表示时间较长的副词或短语之前。例如：

They arrived in Beijing at nine o’clock on the evening of July 1st, 1997.

三、地点副词或副词性短语，如there, here, anywhere, in China, in the room等，在句中的位置有以下几种情况：

1. 通常置于句子末尾。例如：

He is in that room there.

Please go downstairs.

After school, the children ran everywhere.

2. 如果一个句子中有两个或两个以上的地点副词或副词性短语时，通常较小的地点位于较大的地点之前。例如：

He works in a factory in Shanghai.

Tom lived with his parents in a small town in New York.

3. 表示地点的副词或副词性短语，有指方向的，也有指位置的，指方向的副词或短语通常位于指位置的副词或短语之前。例如：

Who’s th e man walking around in the garden?

He often walks around the lake in the park.

四、表示方式状语的副词或副词性短语在句中的位置有以下几种情况：

1. 句子中的谓语动词不带宾语时，副词或短语放在动词之后。例如：

Everything went smoothly.

2. 句子中的谓语动词带有宾语时，副词或短语可放在宾语之后。例如：

He speaks English very well.

I remember having seen him somewhere.

3. 当宾语较长时，副词或短语可放在动词与宾语之间。例如：

Tom has written carefully some English letters to his teacher.

五、方式、地点、频度和时间副词或副词性短语在同一个句子中时，其排列顺序通常为：方式，地点，频度，时间。例如：

I went there at once.

He travelled by train round the country several times last year.

六、程度副词通常放在它所修饰的形容词或副词之前，但enough应放在它所修饰的词之后。例如：

I know the writer quite well.

The film is very interesting.

His English is good enough.