中国文化特色词汇三种原文
中国传统文化词汇英语
中国传统文化词汇英语Title: Embracing Chinese Traditional Cultural Vocabulary in EnglishChinese culture, rich and diverse, has long been a source of inspiration and fascination for people across the globe. Embedding its profound traditions and values into the English language is not only a testament to its global influence but also a means of preserving and promoting cultural exchange. This article explores various Chinese traditional cultural vocabulary and their English equivalents, highlighting their significance and unique contributions to the global cultural landscape.At the heart of Chinese culture lies the concept of "harmony," often translated as "harmony" or "concord" in English. This idea, encapsulated in the phrase "he xie," emphasizes the balance and unity of all things. It finds expression in various aspects of Chinese life, from the layout of traditional architecture to the principles of martial arts. Harmony, as a cultural ideal, promotes mutual respect and understanding, serving as a guiding principle in interpersonal relationships and societal interactions.Another cornerstone of Chinese culture is the concept of "respect for elders," known as "zun zhang" in Chinese. This veneration of age and wisdom is deeply ingrained in Chinese society, reflecting a respect for tradition and a belief in the value of experience. The English equivalent, "respect for elders," captures the essence of this cultural practice, which is expressed through various customs and traditions, such as bowing to elders and observingseniority in social gatherings.The Chinese concept of "face" or "mian zi" is another integral part of its cultural vocabulary. This term refers to one's dignity, reputation, and social standing, and it plays a crucial role in interpersonal relationships. In English, the closest equivalent might be "dignity" or "prestige," but these terms do not fully capture the nuances of "mian zi." It is a complex construct that involves maintaining a positive public image, avoiding embarrassment or shame, and upholding personal and familial honor.Chinese art and literature are also rich repositories of cultural vocabulary. Terms like "gong bi" (a traditionalChinese painting technique) and "shanshui" (landscape painting) reflect the aesthetic preferences andphilosophical ideals of Chinese artists. In English, these terms are often translated as "meticulous brushwork" and "landscape painting," respectively, preserving the essenceof their artistic expressions.Furthermore, Chinese festivals and celebrations are an integral part of its cultural heritage. The Spring Festival, known as "Chun Jie" in Chinese, is the most significant holiday, celebrated with family reunions, feasting, and fireworks. In English, it is commonly referred to as the "Chinese New Year," a term that captures the essence of the celebration while acknowledging its cultural significance. Other festivals like the Mid-Autumn Festival and DragonBoat Festival also have their unique English equivalents, promoting cultural understanding and appreciation.In conclusion, embedding Chinese traditional cultural vocabulary into the English language is a testament to the richness and diversity of Chinese culture. These terms,while sometimes difficult to translate exactly, areessential for promoting cultural understanding andappreciation. As the world becomes more interconnected, it is crucial to preserve and promote the unique contributions of various cultures, including the profound traditions and values of Chinese culture. By embracing these cultural vocabularies in English, we can foster a deeper understanding and respect for the rich tapestry of human cultural expression.。
中国传统文化词汇
CONTENTS1.Acupuncture -----A mysterious treatment in Traditional Chinese Medicine2.Buddhism --- A spiritual sustenance from the old India.3.Confucius 孔子--- The great tutor of Chinese emperors.4.Dragon 龙--- A legendary animal and a unique symbol of the Huaxia nationality.5.Emperor 皇帝--- The King of kings and lord of lords.6.Festivals 节日--- A season for singing and dancing together.7.Garden 园林--- A wonderful paradise on earth for scholars.8.Heaven 天道---At fifty, I began to understand the mandate of heaven.9.Imperial Palace 故宫--- Spectacular buildings as a symbol of imperial power.10.Journey to Chinese Cuisine 中国烹饪--- Not just a story about food.11.Kung Fu 功夫--- The crystallizations of Chinese nation’s wisdom and culture.o Zi and Taoism 老子和道教---Native-born religion with an all-embracing culture.13.Moon 月亮--- A cosmic fairy in Chinese people’s hearts.14. Name and Ancestor Admiration --- A remote secret of a family.15.Opera 戏剧--- The exquisite works of Chinese folk art forms.16．Paintings 绘画--- Reflection in Chinese’s mind.17.QishiHuang 秦始皇--- The First Emperor opened a new united era.18.Romance of the three Kindoms 三国演义--- Both feats and failures turn into emptiness in aflash19.Silk Road 丝绸之路--- An important line of communications Trans-Asia continent.20.Tea Culture 茶文化--- an indispensable part of the life of a Chinese。
中国传统文化词汇和作文
中国传统文化词汇中国主要传统节日Traditional Chinese Festivals:1. 春节(农历一月一日)the Spring Festival2. 除夕(农历十二月三十日) the New Year's Eve3. 中秋节(农历八月十五) the Mid-AutumnFestival4. 元宵节(农历一月十五日)the Lantern Festival5. 端午节(农历五月初五)the Dragon Boat Festival6. 清明节(4月5日) the Qingming Festival; theTomb-Sweeping Day7. 重阳节(农历九月九日) the Double NinthFestival8. 元旦(1月1日) New Year's Day新年习俗New Year customs:过年celebrate the Spring Festival拜年pay a New Year visit ; give New Year's greetings; pay a New Year's call 看春节联欢晚会watch the CCTV New Year's Gala贴春联put up/ paste Spring Festival couplets; put up New Year scrolls串亲戚pay a New Year visit to relatives and friends逛庙会go to the temple fair看花灯watch flower lanterns放鞭炮set off firecrackers; let off firecrackers放烟花set off fireworks春联the Spring Festival couplets中国主要传统文化Traditional Chinese culture:剪纸papercut/paper-cut中国结Chinese knot风筝kite脸谱facial mask京剧Beijing Opera/Peking Opera汉字Chinese character筷子chopsticks中国功夫Kung fu中国传统戏曲Chinese traditional opera传统中国建筑traditional Chinese architecture纪念品souvenir北京著名景点Places of interest in Beijing:南锣鼓巷NanluoguxiangHutong；Nanluoguxiang帽儿胡同MaoerHutong故宫the Forbidden City/the Palace Museum/the ImperialPalace颐和园the Summer Palace圆明园the Yuanmingyuan Park长城the Great Wall天安门广场Tian’anmen Square天坛the Temple of Heaven鸟巢the Bird Nest水立方the Water Cube香山the Fragrant Hill国家博物馆the National Museum of China首都博物馆the Capital Museum王府井大街Wangfujing Street老舍茶馆Laoshe Teahouse北京小吃Beijing snacks:饺子jiaozi; dumplings包子steamed stuffed buns面条noodles炸酱面Beijing fried sauce noodles；Beijing noodles with fried bean and meat sauce年糕rice cake; new year cake；Niangao火锅hot pot北京烤鸭Beijing Roast Duck中国传统文化作文范文:1.要求：某中学生英文报就“保护中国传统文化”为主题举行英语征文活动。
中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译
中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译中国传统文化特色词语汉维翻译汉语 2000字中文是一种博大精深的语言，有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化内涵。
而中国传统文化中的特色词语更是凝聚了中华民族的智慧和精髓，是中华文化的瑰宝。
下面将介绍一些中国传统文化的特色词语，并进行汉维翻译。
1.儒家思想：儒家思想是中国古代的一种哲学思想，主张仁爱、礼义、忠信、廉耻等道德伦理观念，提倡礼仪文明、孝悌忠信、君臣义务等传统道德标准。
2.道家思想：道家思想是中国古代的一种哲学思想，主张“无为而治”、“返璞归真”，提倡自然无为、隐逸清心、超然物外等思想观念。
3.儒道合一：儒道合一是一种哲学思想，融合了儒家与道家思想，注重修养修身，追求圣贤之道。
4.文化传统：指口口相传的传统文化内容，是中华民族多年来形成的历史传统、道德规范、文学艺术、社会风俗、民族风情等。
5.礼仪文明：指社会礼节、礼貌待人、行为规范，是中华传统文化的重要组成部分。
6.儒雅风采：指具有儒家风范和高雅风采的举止态度和修养品质。
7.传统美德：指中华传统文化中受到推崇的美德品质，如孝悌忠信、仁义礼智信等。
8.中华经典：指中国传统典籍，如《易经》、《大学》、《中庸》等经典著作。
9.国粹传承：指中国国粹文化的传承和发展，弘扬中华传统文化。
10.民族风情：指中国民族特有的风土人情、民俗风情和民族文化特色。
二、汉维翻译1.儒家思想：儒家思想ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ3.儒道合一：儒道合一ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ4.文化传统：文化传统ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ5.礼仪文明：礼仪文明ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ6.儒雅风采：儒雅风采ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ7.传统美德：传统美德ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ 8.中华经典：中华经典ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ9.国粹传承：国粹传承ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ10.民族风情：民族风情ᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥᡥ。
【中国文化相关素材 】中国特色文化词汇超全总结
【中国文化相关素材】中国特色文化词汇超全总结四大名著《三国演义》Three Kingdoms《西游记》Journey to the West;Pilgrimage to the West 《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes;Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Mansions经典作品《史记》Historical Records《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror;Comprehensive History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《孝经》Book of Filial Piety《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三字经》The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant《西厢记》The Romance of West Chamber《聊斋志异》Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio;Strange Tales from Make-Do Studio近现代佳作《围城》Fortress Besieged《阿Q正传》The True Story of Ah Q《吾国吾民》My Country and My People《京华烟云》Moment in Peking《骆驼祥子》Rickshaw《茶馆》Teahouse《边城》The Border Town《倾城之恋》Love in a Fallen City《十八春》Eighteen Springs四书五经四书五经The Four Books and The Five Classics 1、四书the Four Books《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius/The Works of Mencius2、五经The Five Classics《春秋》the Spring and Autumn Annals《诗经》The Book of Songs;The Book of Odes 《易经》(《周易》)I Ching;The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《尚书》(《书经》)The Book of History传统节日十二生肖the twelve Chinese zodiac signs本命年one's year of birth considered in relation to the12 Terrestrial Branches传统节日traditional holidays春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Pure Brightness Festival/theTomb-sweeping Day端午节the Dragon Boat Festival中秋节the Moon Festival/the Mid-Autumn Day重阳节the Double Ninth Day/the Aged Day文化遗产重要文化遗产major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术outstanding folk arts文物cultural relics中国画traditional Chinese painting书法calligraphy水墨画Chinese brush painting;ink and wash painting 工笔traditional Chinese realistic painting中国结Chinese knot旗袍Cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装traditional Chinese garments(clothing);Tang suit艺术词汇文人men of letters雅士refined scholars表演艺术performing art现代流行艺术popular art;pop art纯艺术high art高雅艺术refined art电影艺术cinematographic art戏剧艺术theatrical art才子佳人gifted scholars and beautiful ladies天干地支阳历solar calendar公历Gregorian calendar阴历lunar calendar天干heavenly stem地支earthly branch闰年leap year二十四节气the twenty-four solar terms民间传说folklores寓言fable传说legend神话mythology古为今用，洋为中用make the pastserve the present and the foreign serve china赋诗inscribe a poem对对联matching an antithetical couplet中国瑰宝习武健身practice martial art for fitness气功qigong;deep breathing exercises篆刻seal cutting upriteous工艺,手艺workmanship;craftsmanship卷轴scroll蜡染batik泥人clay figure漆画lacquer painting唐三彩Trio-colored glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty景泰蓝cloisonne文房四宝The four stationery treasures of the Chinese study——a writing brush,anink stick,an ink stone and paper.戏剧文化皮影戏shadow play;leather-silhouette show说书story-telling叠罗汉make a human pyramid折子戏opera highlights踩高跷stilt walk哑剧pantomime;mime哑剧演员pantomimist戏剧小品skit马戏circus show单口相声monologue comic talk;stand up comedy特技表演stunt相声witty dialogue comedy;comic cross talk杂技acrobatics京韵大鼓the traditional story-telling in Beijing dialect with drum accompaniment秦腔Shaanxi opera国粹术语生(男性正面角色)male(the positive male role)旦(女性正面角色)female(the positive female role)净(性格鲜明的男性配角)a supporting male role with striking character丑(幽默滑稽或反面角色)a clown or a negative role花脸painted role歌舞喜剧musical滑稽场面，搞笑小噱头shtick京剧人物脸谱Peking Opera Mask汉语言汉字Chinese character单音节single syllable汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters阳平level tone阴平rising tone上声falling-rising tone去声falling tone五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave八股文eight-part essay;stereotyped writing中国意念词八卦trigram阴、阳yin,yang道Dao(cf.logo)江湖(世界)the jianghu World(the traits’world)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究)redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang(Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done 伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uniformity on合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron(lifetime)post’s;guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty;anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperityand chaos to decline中国新兴事物Newly Sprouted Things中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路the Beijing-Kowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy HousingProject扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign中国特色传统饮食馄饨wonton锅贴guotie(fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch;Chinesetake-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws(or apples,etc.)火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure ricepudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd中华民族喜庆节日国庆节National Day儿童节Children's Day妇女节Women's Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers'Day五四青年节Youth Day。
中国文化特色词
英语四六级翻译新题型冲刺必背中国文化特色词风水 Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历 Solar calendar阴历 Lunar calendar闰年 leap year十二生肖zodiac春节 the Spring Festival元宵节 the Lantern Festival清明节 the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节 Duanwu Festival中秋节 the Mid-autumn Day重阳节 the Double-ninth Day七夕节 the Double-seventh Day春联 spring couplets庙会 temple fair爆竹 firecracker年画(traditional) New Year pictures 压岁钱 New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance元宵 sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯 festival lantern灯谜 lantern riddle舞狮 lion dance踩高跷 stilt walking赛龙舟 dragon boat race山东菜 Shandong cuisine川菜 Sichuan cuisine粤菜 Canton cuisine扬州菜 Yangzhou cuisine月饼 moon cake年糕 rice cake油条 deep-fried dough sticks豆浆 soybean milk馒头 steamed buns 花卷 steamed twisted rolls包子 steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭 Beijing roast duck拉面 hand-stretched noodles馄饨 wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐 tofu bean curd麻花 fried dough twist烧饼 clay oven rolls皮蛋 100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭 fried rice with egg糖葫芦 tomatoes on sticks长城 the Great Wall of China烽火台 beacon tower秦士台皇陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Qinshihuang兵马俑 Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔 Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池 Huaqing Hot Springs五台山"Wutai Mountain九华山 Jiuhua Mountain蛾眉山Mount Emei泰山 Mount Tai黄山 Mount Huangshan; the Yellow Mountain 故宫 the Imperial Palace天坛 the Temple of Heaven午门 Meridian Gate大运河 Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关 Juyongguan Pass九龙壁 the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵 the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵 the Ming Tombs苏州园林 Suzhou gardens西湖 West Lake九寨沟 Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭 Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼 drum tower四合院 quadrangle; courtyard complex孔庙 Confucius Temple乐山大佛 Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉 the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵重 reincarnated soul boy中药 traditional Chinese medicine《黄帝内经》Emperor Huangdi，s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine《神农本草经》Shennong，s Herbal Classic 《本草纲目》Compendium of Materia Medica针灸 acupuncture推拿 medical massage切脉 feeling the pulse五禽戏 five-animal exercises旧石器时代 the Paleolithic Age新石器时代 the Neolithic Age; New Stone Age 母系氏族社会 matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代 dynasty秦朝 Qin Dynasty汉朝 Han Dynasty唐朝 Tang Dynasty宋朝 Song Dynasty元朝 Yuan Dynasty 明朝 Ming Dynasty清朝 Qing Dynasty秦士台皇帝 Emperor Qinshihuang; the First Emperor of Qin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦 Liu Bang, Emperor Hangaozu, founder of the Han Dynasty成吉思汗Genghis Khan春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period文成公主 Tang Princess Wencheng慈禧太后 Empress Dowager Ci Xi皇帝，君主 emperor; monarch诸侯vassal皇妃 imperial concubine丞相，宰相 prime minister太监 court eunuch少数民族 ethnic minority祭祀 offer sacrifices西域 the Western Regions战国 the Warring States中华文明 Chinese civilization文明的摇篮 cradle of civilization秦始皇统一中国 unification of the country by Emperor Qinshihuang鸦片战争the Opium War太平天国 the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom戌戌变法 the Reform Movement of 1898辛亥革命 the 1911 Revolution新民主主义革命 New-democratic Revolution五四运动 the May 4th Movement of 1919南昌起义 Nanchang Uprising918 事变 September 18th Incident长征 the Long March西安事变 Xi"an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争 the War of Resistance Against Japan 毛泽东 Mao Tse-tong孙中山 Sun Yat-sen蒋介石 Chiang Kai-shek国民党 Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People's Republic of China (PRC)满族 Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫 scholar-officials学者 scholar诗人 poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会词汇多元文化论 cultural pluralism文化适应 acculturation社会保障 social security班车 shuttle bus相定迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age独生子女 the only child in a family单亲 single parent福利彩票 welfare lotteries家政服务 household management service民工 migrant laborers名人 celebrity农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labor/laborers 青春期 puberty全民健身运动 nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查 nationwide census社会保险 social insurance暂住证 temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪 juvenile delinquency性骚扰 sexual harassment走私 smuggling*性另歧视 gender/sexual discrimination年龄歧视 age discrimination工作歧视 job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲 illiteracy贫富分化 disparity between the rich and the poor盗版 pirated/illegal copies一国两制 One Country, Two Systems三个代表 the Three Represents Theory两会（人大、政协）Two Conferences (NPC and CPPCC)南南合作 South-South Cooperation南北对话 North-South Dialog人大常委会People's Congress Standing Committee 法制观念 awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放 reform and opening-up公务员 civil servants官僚主义作风 the bureaucratic style of work 和谐并存 harmonious coexistence计划生育 family planning计划生育基本国策 the basic state policy of family planning精神文明建设 the construction of spiritual civilization居委会 neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education可持续发展 sustainable development廉洁高效 honesty and high efficiency两岸关系 cross-straits relations两岸谈判 cross-straits negotiations领土完整 territorial integrity民族精神 national spirit普选制 general election system求同存异 seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明 material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水平 a well-off standard一个中国原则 the one-China principle与时俱进 keep pace with the times综合国力 overall national strength共同愿望common desire"走出去"（战略）going global不结盟 non-alignment单边主义 unilateralism多边政策 multilateralism多极世界 multipolar world人口老龄化 aging of population人口出生率birth rate社区月服务 community service道德法庭 court of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校 night school for adults在职进修班 on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideologicaleducation毕业生分酉己 graduate placement; assignment of graduate充电 update one's knowledge初等教育 elementary education大学城 college town大学社区 college community高等教育 higher education高等教育"211 工程" the "211 Project" for higher education高等学府 institution of higher education综合性大学 comprehensive university文科院校 colleges of (liberal) arts理工科大学 college / university of science and engineering师范学院 teachers' college; normal college 高分低能 high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招 the college expansion plan教育界 education circle教育投入 input in education九年义务教育 nine-year compulsory education 考研take the entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动 extracurricular activities必修课 required/compulsory course选修课 elective/optional course基础课 basic courses专业课 specialized courses课程表 school schedule教学大纲 teaching program; syllabus学习年限 period of schooling学历 record of formal schooling学分 credit启发式教学 heuristic teaching人才交流 talent exchange人才战 competition for talented people商务英语证书 Business English Certificate (BEC)适龄儿重入学率 enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育 quality-oriented education填鸭式教学 cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生 extern; non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生graduate student; post-graduate (student)应届毕业生graduating student; current year's graduate校园数字化 campus digitalization校园文化 campus culture学汉语热 enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育education with record of formal schooling学龄儿重school-ager学前教育 preschool education学生减负 alleviate the burden on students 应试教育 exam-oriented education职业道德 work ethics; professional ethics 爷己者招待会press conference国家教委 State Education Commission国家统计局 State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲 functional illiterate智力引进recruit/introduce (foreign) talents智商 intelligence quotient (IQ)助学行动 activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物 online shopping高产优质 high yield and high quality高科技园 high-tech park工业园区 industrial park火炬计划 Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology)信息港info port信息革命 information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能 artificial intelligence (AI)生物技术 bio-technology克隆 cloning基因工程 genetic engineering转基因食品genetically modified food (GMfood)试管婴儿 test-tube baby基因哭变 genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影 three-dimensional movie光谷 optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化 informationization信息高速公路 information superhighway新兴学科new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米 nanometer个人数字助理personal digital assistant (PDA)生态农业 environment-friendly agriculture 技术密集产品 technology-intensive product 数码科技 digital technology同步卫星 geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船 manned spacecraft Shenzhou V风云二号气象卫星 Fengyun II meteorological satellite登月舱 lunar module多任务小卫星 small multi-mission satellite (SMMS)多媒体短信服务 Multimedia Messaging Service ( MMS)电子商务 e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化 Office Automation (OA)信息高地 information highland信息检索 information retrieval电话会议 teleconference无土栽培 soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程 national key projects南水北调 South-to-North water diversion西电东送 West-East electricity transmission project西气东输 West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣 fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉 maliciously harming the reputation of others停止月服务 closure/shutdown of service公司歇业 closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错 man-made operational mistakes 生态系统 ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统marine ecosystem垄断价格 to monopolize the price垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use汽车限购 vehicle purchase restrictions汽车购买配额 vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限行odd-even license plate system黑名单制度 a blacklist system执业医师practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证 2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术 anti-forgery technology非法交易 illegal transaction冒名顶替 identification fraud洗钱 money laundering挂失 to report the loss补办 to re-apply/post-register户籍 household registration居住证 residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位 water level低洼地区 low-lying areas淹没农田 to inundate crops大桥蜂塌 bridge collapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统 emergency response system闯红灯 running red light遮挡、污损号牌 blocking or defacing license plates扣分处罚point penalty酒驾 drunk driving终身禁驾 lifetime ban from driving。
中国特色文化词汇及段落英译
常用的中国文化特色英译词汇风水：Fengshui; geomantic omen阳历：solar calendar阴历：lunar calendar闰年：leap year十二生肖：zodiac春节：the Spring Festival元宵节：the Lantern Festival清明节：the Tomb-sweeping Day端午节：the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节：the Mid-autumn Day重阳节：the Double-ninth Day七夕节：the Double-seventh Day春联：spring couplets春运：the Spring Festival travel把中国的汉字“福”字倒贴在门上(听起来像是福到)预示新年有好运：turn the Chinese character forluck (fu) upside down to make “dao”(which sou nds like arrival) and put it on your door to bringin good fortune for the new y ear庙会：temple fair爆竹：firecracker年画：(traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱：New Year gift-money舞龙：dragon dance舞狮：lion dance元宵：sweet sticky rice dumplings花灯：festival lantern灯谜：lantern riddle食物对于中国佳节来说至关重要，但甜食对于农历新年特别重要，因为他们能让新的一年更加甜蜜。
Food is central to all Chines festivals, but sugary snacks are especially import ant for LunarNew Year, since they sweetne up prospects for the coming year.传统的佳节食物包括年糕、八宝饭、饺子、果脯和瓜子。
中华文化中的专有词汇
【三教】儒教、道教、佛教【九流】儒家、道家、阴阳家、法家、名家、墨家、纵横家、杂家、农家【三皇】伏羲、女娲、神农【五帝】太皞、炎帝、黄帝、少皞、颛顼【三山】安徽黄山、江西庐山、浙江雁荡山【五岳】〖中岳〗河南嵩山、〖东岳〗山东泰山、〖西岳〗陕西华山、〖南岳〗湖南衡山、〖北岳〗山西恒山【五湖】鄱阳湖〖江西〗、洞庭湖〖湖南〗、太湖〖江苏〗、洪泽湖〖江苏〗、巢湖〖安徽〗【四海】渤海、黄海、东海、南海【三清】元始天尊〖清微天玉清境〗、灵宝天尊〖禹余天上清境〗、道德天尊〖大赤天太清境〗【四御】昊天金阙无上至尊玉皇大帝、中天紫微北极大帝、勾陈上宫天后皇大帝、承天效法土皇地祗【四大佛教名山】浙江普陀山〖观音菩萨〗、山西五台山〖文殊菩萨〗、四川峨眉山〖普贤菩萨〗、安徽九华山〖地藏王菩萨〗【四大道教名山】湖北武当山、江西龙虎山、安徽齐云山、四川青城山【五行】金、木、水、火、土【八卦】乾〖天〗、坤〖地〗、震〖雷〗、巽〖风〗、坎〖水〗、离〖火〗、艮〖山〗、兑〖沼〗【十八罗汉】布袋罗汉、长眉罗汉、芭蕉罗汉、沉思罗汉、伏虎罗汉、过江罗汉、欢喜罗汉、降龙罗汉、静坐罗汉、举钵罗汉、开心罗汉、看门罗汉、骑象罗汉、探手罗汉、托塔罗汉、挖耳罗汉、笑狮罗汉、坐鹿罗汉【十八层地狱】[第一层]泥犁地狱、[第二层]刀山地狱、[第三层]沸沙地狱、[第四层]沸屎地狱、[第五层]黑身地狱、[第六层]火车地狱、[第七层]镬汤地狱、[第八层]铁床地狱、[第九层]盖山地狱、[第十层]寒冰地狱、[第十一层]剥皮地狱、[第十二层]畜生地狱、[第十三层]刀兵地狱、[第十四层]铁磨地狱、[第十五层]寒冰地狱、[第十六层]铁册地狱、[第十七层]蛆虫地狱、[第十八层]烊铜地狱【五脏】心、肝、脾、肺、肾【六腑】胃、胆、三焦、膀胱、大肠、小肠【四书】《论语》、《中庸》、《大学》、《孟子》【五经】《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《易经》、《春秋》【八股文】破题、承题、起讲、入手、起股、中股、后股、束股【六子全书】《老子》、《庄子》、《列子》、《荀子》、《扬子法言》、《文中子中说》【汉字六书】象形、指事、形声、会意、转注、假借【书法九势】落笔、转笔、藏峰、藏头、护尾、疾势、掠笔、涩势、横鳞竖勒【竹林七贤】嵇康、刘伶、阮籍、山涛、阮咸、向秀、王戎【饮中八仙】李白、贺知章、李适之、李琎、崔宗之、苏晋、张旭、焦遂【蜀之八仙】容成公、李耳、董促舒、张道陵、严君平、李八百、范长生、尔朱先生【扬州八怪】郑板桥、汪士慎、李鱓、黄慎、金农、高翔、李方鹰、罗聘【北宋四大家】黄庭坚、欧阳修、苏轼、王安石【唐宋古文八大家】韩愈、柳宗元、欧阳修、苏洵、苏轼、苏辙、王安石、曾巩【十三经】《易经》、《诗经》、《尚书》、《礼记》、《仪礼》、《公羊传》、《榖梁传》、《左传》、《孝经》、《论语》、《尔雅》、《孟子》【四大民间传说】《牛郎织女》、《孟姜女》、《梁山伯与祝英台》、《白蛇与许仙》【四大文化遗产】《明清档案》、《殷墟甲骨》、《居延汉简》、《敦煌经卷》【元代四大戏剧】关汉卿《窦娥冤》、王实甫《西厢记》、汤显祖《牡丹亭》、洪升《长生殿》【晚清四大谴责小说】李宝嘉《官场现形记》、吴沃尧《二十年目睹之怪现状》、刘鹗《老残游记》、曾朴《孽海花》【六礼】冠、婚、丧、祭、乡饮酒、相见【六艺】礼、乐、射、御、书、数【六义】风、赋、比、兴、雅、颂【十恶】谋反、谋大逆、谋叛、谋恶逆、不道、大不敬、不孝、不睦、不义、内乱【五彩】青、黄、赤、白、黑【五音】宫、商、角、徵、羽【七宝】金、银、琉璃、珊瑚、砗磲、珍珠、玛瑙【九宫】正宫、中吕宫、南吕宫、仙吕宫、黄钟宫、大面调、双调、商调、越调【七大艺术】绘画、音乐、雕塑、戏剧、文学、建筑、电影【四大名瓷窑】河北的瓷州窑、浙江的龙泉窑、江西的景德镇窑、福建的德化窑【四大名旦】梅兰芳、程砚秋、尚小云、荀慧生【八旗】镶黄、正黄、镶白、正白、镶红、正红、镶蓝、正蓝【八仙】铁拐李、钟离权、张果老、吕洞宾、何仙姑、蓝采和、韩湘子、曹国舅【七情】喜、怒、哀、乐、爱、恶、欲【五常】仁、义、礼、智、信【五伦】君臣、父子、兄弟、夫妇、朋友【三姑】尼姑、道姑、卦姑【六婆】牙婆、媒婆、师婆、虔婆、药婆、稳婆【九属】玄孙、曾孙、孙、子、身、父、祖父、曾祖父、高祖父【五谷】稻、黍、稷、麦、豆【中国八大菜系】四川菜、湖南菜、山东菜、江苏菜、浙江菜、广东菜、福建菜、安徽菜【配药七方】大方、小方、缓方、急方、奇方、偶方、复方【五岭】越城岭、都庞岭、萌诸岭、骑田岭、大庾岭【四大名桥】广济桥、赵州桥、洛阳桥、卢沟桥【四大名园】颐和园〖北京〗、避暑山庄〖河北承德〗、拙政园〖江苏苏州〗、留园〖江苏苏州〗【四大名刹】灵岩寺〖山东长清〗、国清寺〖浙江天台〗、玉泉寺〖湖北江陵〗、栖霞寺〖江苏南京〗【四大名楼】岳阳楼〖湖南岳阳〗、黄鹤楼〖湖北武汉〗、滕王阁〖江西南昌〗、大观楼〖云南昆明〗【四大名亭】醉翁亭〖安徽滁县〗、陶然亭〖北京先农坛〗、爱晚亭〖湖南长沙〗、湖心亭〖杭州西湖〗【四大古镇】景德镇〖江西〗、佛山镇〖广东〗、汉口镇〖湖北〗、朱仙镇〖河南〗【四大碑林】西安碑林〖陕西西安〗、孔庙碑林〖山东曲阜〗、地震碑林〖四川西昌〗、南门碑林〖台湾高雄〗【四大名塔】嵩岳寺塔〖河南登封嵩岳寺〗、飞虹塔〖山西洪洞广胜寺〗、释迦塔〖山西应县佛宫寺〗、千寻塔〖云南大理崇圣寺〗【四大石窟】莫高窟〖甘肃敦煌〗、云岗石窟〖山西大同〗、龙门石窟〖河南洛阳〗、麦积山石窟〖甘肃天水〗【四大书院】白鹿洞书院〖江西庐山〗、岳麓书院〖湖南长沙〗、嵩阳书院〖河南嵩山〗、应天书院〖河南商丘〗【四大名绣】苏绣〖苏州〗、湘绣〖湖南〗、蜀绣〖四川〗、广绣〖广东〗【四大名扇】檀香扇〖江苏〗、火画扇〖广东〗、竹丝扇〖四川〗、绫绢扇〖浙江〗【四大名花】牡丹〖山东菏泽〗、水仙〖福建漳州〗、菊花〖浙江杭州〗、山茶〖云南昆明〗【十大名茶】西湖龙井〖浙江杭州西湖区〗、碧螺春〖江苏吴县太湖的洞庭山碧螺峰〗、信阳毛尖〖河南信阳车云山〗、君山银针〖湖南岳阳君山〗、六安瓜片〖安徽六安和金寨两县的齐云山〗、黄山毛峰〖安徽歙县黄山〗、祁门红茶〖安徽祁门县〗、都匀毛尖〖贵州都匀县〗、铁观音〖福建安溪县〗、武夷岩茶〖福建崇安县〗【十二生肖】〖中国〗子鼠、丑牛、寅虎、卯兔、辰龙、巳蛇、午马、未羊、申猴、酉鸡、戌狗、亥猪。
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中式英语之鉴
《对外宣传中的英语质量亟待提高》
一、望文生义，不符合英语表达习惯的翻译，即所谓Chinglish：举例：
胶水
不准拍照
当心碰头
拳头产品
黄金地段
看世界（电视栏目）
免淘米
二、不符合国际上通用惯例的翻译，主要指一些常用的专门术语：举例：
外向型产业
保税区
小商品博览会
三、汉语中某些地道的简略语英译后令人难以理解：
举例：
五讲四美
三通
四、意思译走样的翻译：
举例：
进出口商品结构
机场班车
空调公共汽车
（海南岛）天涯海角
五、只顾词语的字面意思，而不顾其特殊含义的翻译：
举例：
仲裁员休息室
旅游热点
摸着石头过河
超值享受
人文奥运
科技奥运
六、在不了解中外文化差异情况下的文化移植：
举例：
以外贸企业为龙头
七、以汉语拼音权充翻译：
举例：
止咳川贝枇杷露
上海皮鞋
八、说话的语气或口气不当，影响对外宣传效果：
举例：
●旅客登记时，须凭足以证明本人身份的有效证件，并说明住宿原因。
●旅客必须遵守宾馆饭店的规章制度，服从工作人员的管理，爱护饭店的
公共财物。
……
对违反上述规定的旅客，饭店有权责成改正。
译文：
●Guests are requested to show their own valid papers to prove their
identities and to tell the reason for lodging when they check in at the
hotel.
●Every guest has the obligation to abide by the rules and regulations
of the hotel, cooperate with the personnel in carrying out their duties
and take good care of the property in the hotel.
●The authority of the hotel has the right to reason with anyone who
has violated the regulations mentioned above.
……
参考译文：
●Please help us to speed up your check-in by presenting your ID.
●Our guests are kindly expected to heed the rules and regulations. Your
cooperation will be appreciated in making our services effective.
……
标记语：
1．勿动展品
2．闲人免进
3．问讯处
4．失物招领处
5．男更衣室
6．鳄鱼伤人，严禁游泳。
7．保持车距，小心撞车。
8．军事要地，闲人免进。
9．车辆到此，停车缴费。
标语及广告语：
1．“本店所备饮食，使你回味无穷。
”
24.No Adultery Allowed
25.Learn from Civilized Tourists!/Salute to Civilized Tourists!
26.欢迎参加英语角活动！
27.不得弄虚作假！
28.我们的事业一定胜利！
29.我们改革开放的步子要迈得更大一些。
30.热烈欢迎国内外佳宾参加贸易洽谈会！
31.欢迎国内外佳宾光临本市！
结合汉语文化中特有的并经常见诸媒体的事物谈谈翻译过程中文化因素的处理方法
一、直译
1．扶贫
2．反腐倡廉
3．假冒伪劣商品
4．打假
5．公章
二、意译
1．八七扶贫攻坚计划
2．投机倒把
3．计划生育
4．西气东送工程
5．辞职下海
6．摇头丸
7．红白喜事
8．“包二奶”
三、直译+意译
1．传销
2．高考
3．红头文件
四、直译或意译（由语境决定）
1．两条腿走路
2．阴盛阳衰
五、直译+解释
1．菜篮子工程
2．希望工程
3．开后门
4．蹲牛棚
5．一刀切
六、直译+注释
1．三个代表
2．五讲、四美、三热爱
3．三讲
4．三通
5．红卫兵
七、音译+注释/解释
1．法轮功
2．阴阳
3．大字报
4．衙门
5．旗袍
6．观音菩萨
八、借译
1．打白条
2．禅宗
3．如来佛
九、音义合译
1．乌龙茶
2．功夫片
十、综合译法
知识青年上山下乡
汉译英新词难词规范（直译乎？意译乎？）
为了规范翻译市场，提高翻译质量，保证我国对外宣传工作的顺利进行，中国译协中译外委员会决定定期组织研讨会议，对目前对外宣传中出现的一些汉语新词、疑难词汇的英译进行规范。
（中译外委员会由来自外交部、中央编译局、中国外交局、新华社、中国国际广播电台、中国日报社等部门的专家学者组成）这些新词难词的翻译涉及直译/意译以及搭配问题：
外资企业
拳头产品
下岗/分流
三角债
基本生活费
人才市场
民族地区
社会办学
对口支援
特困地区
重点工程
全民健身运动
义演
伤害民族感情
西部大开发战略
第一/第二/第三产业
市场疲软
市场火旺
抢购
追星族
试婚
民工
安乐死
灰色收入
个人演唱会
今天我请客
打黄扫非
新闻节目主持人
电视台主持人
贫富悬殊。