从肢体语言看中西方文化差异论文提纲
中美肢体语言差异英语作文
中美肢体语言差异英语作文(中英文版)Title: Differences in Body Language between China and the United StatesBody language plays a significant role in communication, often conveying messages more effectively than words themselves.However, body language can vary greatly across different cultures.This essay aims to explore the differences in body language between China and the United States.In China, body language is often subtle and reserved.Handshakes are the most common form of greeting, especially in formal settings.When shaking hands, Chinese people tend to be more gentle and brief compared to their American counterparts.Bowing is also a common way to show respect, particularly when meeting someone of higher status.Direct eye contact can be seen as respectful and a sign of active listening, yet it is also important to avoid constant staring, which may be perceived as intrusive.In contrast, American body language is generally more expressive and open.Handshakes are common, but they tend to be firmer and more lingering.Americans often use hand gestures to emphasize their points during conversations.Eye contact is crucial, as it signifies honesty and engagement.In fact, avoiding eye contact in the United States maysuggest that a person is untruthful or disinterested.Personal space is another area where differences are evident.In China, people are accustomed to being in closer proximity to one another, and therefore, they may invade personal space without realizing it.Americans, on the other hand, value their personal space and may feel uncomfortable if someone stands too close.Body language during conversations also varies between the two cultures.In China, nodding and indirect head movements are common ways to show agreement or understanding.Silence is not necessarily seen as awkward and can be a sign of contemplation.In the United States, however, people tend to be more verbose and may view long periods of silence as a sign of discomfort or disinterest.In conclusion, the differences in body language between China and the United States reflect the cultural nuances of each society.Understanding these variations can help individuals communicate more effectively and avoid misunderstandings when interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds.标题：中美肢体语言差异肢体语言在交流中起着重要的作用，它往往比言语本身更能有效地传达信息。
英语论文 从中美肢体语言体现的文化差异
The Cultural Differences Reflected by Body Language inChina and America1. Introduction1.1 BackgroundThere are more and more chance for people to contact with people from different culture because of the quick development of science, technology and economy. The world is become smaller and smaller, which has become a global village. The communication between people from various cultures and countries is increasing. We can communicate with each other through not only language communication but also nonverbal communication. Actually, in everyday life, we spend a considerable amount of time on body language communication. In addition, we receive much of our emotional meanings through noverbal elements.Body language communication is connected with cultures and it is the result of cultures. But many people pay great attention to the acceptance and correctness of the verbal communication and overlook the influence and cultural difference of nonverbal communication. Then the misunderstanding and cultural crash often occur in the cross-cultural communication. So in the process of communication, it is not a complete communication while ignoring the cultural differences of nonverbal communication. A famous anthropologist E.T.Hall pointed out “Silent language expresses more information than verbal language.” According to some researchers abroad, in people’s daily life, nonverbal communication takes over 65% in all of information exchange. So we must know the cultural differences of body language to achieve efficient communication.With increasing contact between China and America, a better understanding betwwen both culture is of growing importance. Nonverbal communication influences how individuals from these two cultures interact and understand or misunderstand each other. Therefore, an understanding of the differences is vital for building harmonious relationships. The thesis is designed to help readers understand and appreciate the differences in nonverbal communication between China and America.There are cross-culture differences in nonverbal communication, which are obvious inmany aspects. Gestural symbols play a large part, and because this is true, gestural emblems are highly sensitive. The same body language have different interpretation because of different cultures. Different body language can be used in different background, however, they can express the same siginificance.To master the nonverbal communication is a necessary part for those who come from different culture. Some people find it difficult to understand the nonverbal code. Because they do not know the background of body language.1.2 SignificanceBody language communication is very important in people communication because it can help us cause first impressions. Think for a while we often judge a person coming from nonverbal information, especially body language. It is important many original information usually can have intuitive recognition. Even how we choose a partner is based on the people who give us the first impression. For example, a famous Chinese proverb going on “fall in love at first sight.” Whether we can have a long-term association with other person also based on the first impression.Body language is so important that some people think of body language as equal to nonverbal communication. More and more people realize the importance of body language communication. We can know more about people’s instinctive feelings situation grounded on their behavioral communication. For example, when we notice a person closing finger tightly with stern appearance, we can judge that this person is sad based on his action. When we are hearing people with shaking sound and noticing them with quivering hands, we can judge that this person is mentally troubled regardless of their saying. Our feelings are showed in our gesture, posture, facial expression and eye contact-it can be happy, sad, anxious and anger and so on. Therefore, we can show our attitude and express ourselves without speaking anything. Because of this, we depend largely on what we have learned coming from our eyes. Many researcher make know that we will rely heavily on non verbal communication rather than verbal ones when they are in conflict with each other.When we come to realize that the nonverbal communication is very important, it is apparent that nonverbal behavior can communicate（convey）people’s physical as well asmental situation. The importance of nonverbal behavior is apparent if we realize that in one form or another, all of our actions convey information about our psychological and physical states. A stroking of the the chin, bow, wave, pointed finger, or yawn all have a message. Our actions, in addition of those association with some illness, have some rules; in a particular way, they stand for outsider speaking to insider. And it is very significant, those behaviors show the time, be it turning to face in another direction from people with whom we feel uneasy. It is very important for us to expain correctly behavioral communication of people who come from other cultures.It is well know that some nonverbal actions have close connection with culture. The body language may lead to understand incorrectly for people of different behaviors who send the same message with different gestures of the body. Misunderstanding can cause the feeling of offence, insult. From these reason, I think that it is highly necessary to make cross-cultural studies of the body language.2 Definition and functions of body language2.1 Definition of body languageBody language, also called body movements, body behavior and so on, refers to all expressions and movements that send communicative messages. Body language is a process in which communicators use the natural features of their bodies to deliver information and express specific meaning instinctively to the other communicator. We will discuss it in details later. It used by people for sending messages to one another. It is very useful because it can help you make yourself easily understood.Different scholars have made various efforts to define it. Accoring to Knapp the phrase‘nonverbal communication’ reffered to communication effect by means other than words. Some linguist also claimed that body language could be without the use of words. Other linguists took into account social cinventions in defining body language. Besides social conventions, many oter factors are also important in helping convey nonverbal meanings. The meanings of body language often have to be interpreted via considerations of such aspects, because these factors may help make clear the complexity of bodylanguage.However, these factors are so diliverse and complex that a perfect definition is impossible. It is so natural that current definitions are different from the ones in their orientations.2.2 Functions of body languageBody language like verbal communication is also a part of culture and the carrier of a certain culture. The function of body language in the whole communication can’t be overlooked. “In the daily communication, we can see people can’t communicate effi ciently by verbal language alone. And nonverbal communication will express clear meanings in a certain context. And a certain nonverbal communication should be connected with verbal communication or the other nonverbal communication to provide correct info rmation.” So in communicative activities, body language also plays a great role. Of course, we should pay close attention to the functions of body language. “In any case, when verbal communication conflicts with no nverbal communication, people are willing to accept the information nonverbal communication delivers. Because nonverbal communication sounds more natural, more instinctive and it is hard to pretend.”Obviously, we should make full use of body language to achieve efficientcommunication. Now, we will discuss the functions of body language.Nonverbal communication ofen performs one of several functions in relationship to verbal communication. These functions help us to understand and use communication more effectively. Nonverbal messages serve six major functions: repetition, contradiction, substitution, accentuation, supplementation or modification and regulation.Repetition is defined as the process of reinforcingverbal messages through redundancy. People often use nonverbal messages to repeat apoint they are trying to make. For example, when we tell people how to get to the nearest hospital, we are not only telling them the direction but also pointing to the direction with hands. Generally speaking, the gestures and words have a similar meaning and reinforce one another.Contradiction is the opposite of repetition; it negates the verbal message. On some occasions, our nonverbal actions send signals opposite from the literal messages contained in our verbal messages. For instance, you tell someone you are relaxed and at ease, yet your voice quavers and your hands shake.Substitution. We use substitution in body language when we perform some action instead of speaking. If a group of people is boisterous, you might place your index finger to your lips as an alternative to saying “please calm down so that I can speak”.Accentuation. For example, you may have noticed how some people tap the desktop with each word of an important message like “I want you to do this today”.Supplement. For instance, we greet people with a smile. Smile functions as a supplement to the pleasure of meeting people.Regulation occurs when nonverbal messages help to control the flow of verbal messages. We often regulate and manage communication by using certainform of body language. We nod our head in agreement to indicate to our communication partner that we agree and that he or she should continue talking or we have direct eye contact with someone to let him or her know the channels are open.Thus,body language function sometimes occur separately, and sometimes they occur at the same moment. Without them, we should have a very difficult time communicating.3 Cultural differences of body language betwwen Chinese and Americans3.1 Types and differences of body languageHere, we research into three elements of body language: gesture (head gesture, facial expressions, eye contact, arm gesture, hand gesture, and leg movement), posture(walking posture, standing posture, squatting posture, and sitting posture), and touch (ten distinctions concerning touching behaviors) Different believes are the causes of the differences of body language. According to the theories proposed by American anthologists Barnettt Pearce, Verrion Cronent, people’s behavior, the way of thinking and so on are aff ected by their believes. And every culture has its distinctive belief system. A normal action in this culture will be abnormal in another one. A positive behavior in one culture will be negative in another. People from eastern world advocate modesty, tolerance, mutual-support and responsibility for the group. But western people admire independence, self-respect, free development, and requiring individual space and so on. Next, we will go to the differences of body language from five parts.3.1.1 Head gestureChinese and American head gesture shares a number of similarities. For example: nodding the head up and down means “yes”, “I agree”; shaking the head side to side means “no”; heading forward shows an interest in the conversation; heding backward shows lack of interest and so on.As to the differences, a nod of the head in China can function as greeting and beckoning someone to come here, while the same function performed by the Americans is a raise of the head. Patting on head means differently in these two cultures. Occasionally, Chinese adults may pat the head of children to show affection; patting the head of a teenager or an adult would cause displeasure and can be insulting. Americans’ patting on other’s head is just for giving comfort, consolation or encouragement; and also for showing affection.A unique head gesture in China-tip the head backward and audibly suck air in through the teeth-meas “no”or “something is very difficult” and has the function of pausing to rethink. Also there are some head gestures use in America but seldom seen in China: scratching the head means thinking or confused or skeptical; chin stroke, tapping the head with forefinger showscontemplation; hand cutting across the top of the head shows impatience; head switching to one side with a rush or chin pointing to a certain direction function as beckoning someone to come here or pointing direction.3.1.2 Facial expressionsWe constantly read expressions from people’s face. In fact, facial cues are the single most important source of nonverbal communication.Facial expressions have some own features: they are innate and universal. Therefore, the expressions for happiness, sadness, disgust, fear, anger, and surprise (the six basic emotions) are recognized by most culture groups as having the same meaning. However, some variations also exist. Some facial expressions and their interpretations may vary from one culture to another.Generally speaking, Chinese people are more self-controlled, especially in formal, public occasions, and when communicate with strangers and foreigners, they tend to control their emotions. When in down spirits (sad, angry, contemptuous and so on), Chinese people usually try to sustain a neutral expression. The whole face is on a loose state, forehead and eyebrow are equable, lips close naturally, and eyes open looking forward-such kind of looks is considered to be a neutral expression. Differently, the Americans may show in their expressions immediately when they are in the same spirits. Controlling one’s bad mood properly is considered mature and well-educated in China. Therefore , they think the Americans’ lack of control their emotions as an illustration of puerility and philistinism; whereas the Americans may consider the Chinese to be wooden and slow.When expressing some positive emotions, such as compliment and sympathy, Chinese people sometimes have less sense of propriety in their exprssions than the Americans do. They think the more exaggerated the better. American people regard this as dishonest.In daily communication and daily behaviors, some differences cause by Chinese’s humility and Americans’ self-esteem are worth mentioning. When receiving honest praise from others, Chinese people usually send an expression showing “I don’t believe”, “no”, “I don’t deserve such praise”, and sometimes even give an anxious looks. American people think that such response is dishonest and hypocritical. On the contrary, they may smile to the person who praise them, accept the compliment and usually say “thank you”. In the Chinese point of view, such response is kind of pride and conceited.3.1.3 Smile and laughterWhen it comes to smile and laughter, the most common facial expressions, they may cause some misunderstandings between Chinese and American culture. Thus it is necessary to explore them further in this point. Smile and laughter usually convey friendliness, approval, satisfaction, pleasure, joy, merriment. This is generally true in China as well as in America. However, it may be difficult for Americans to believe that smiling for the Chinese not only means that someone is happy, but also that he or she is sorry. It is desirable for a Chinese to apologize with a smile, which indicates humbleness and embarrassment.3.1.4 Eye languageAs saying go es “The eyes are the window of the soul”. That is to say, we can read one’s mind through his or her eyes. Eye language can express complicated feelings and it is an important way to judge the intimacy of communicators. People from America have more eye contact than Chinese people when they are in conversation. According to American tradition, communicators must gaze at each other. “But there are many rules about eye language: Whether to look at the other communicator or not; when it is the time to look at them, how long we can look at; who we can look at and who we can’t; they all imply different meanings in communication.”Americans pay great attention to the time and the way of eye contact. In common conversation, they will look at each other about one minute and then they will look away. If two Americans gaze at each other, which indicate they are intimate. In North America, the children there have learned to look at the other communicator directly. If they don’t, they are regarded lack of enthusiasm or co nfidence. They believe the saying “Never trust a person who can’t look you in the eyes.” For showing politeness or respect, Chinese people frequently avoid direct eye contact with others.3.2 Gestures“Gesture means we communicate and express by the movement and manners of our hands and fingers.” In our daily li fe, every one makes gestures, but many gestures have distinct regional and cultural features. “Don’t assume that every one in the world understands one gesture in the same way.”For example, A mericans often touch their temples to express somebody’s cleverness. But。
中西方肢体语言的差异英语作文
中西方肢体语言的差异英语作文英文回答：Body language plays a crucial role in communication, conveying messages that words may not. However, cultural differences can lead to significant variations in the interpretation of body language, resulting in misunderstandings and even conflict. This essay will delve into the key differences between body language in Western and Eastern cultures.Eye Contact: In Western cultures, direct eye contact is generally considered a sign of sincerity, confidence, and trustworthiness. Maintaining eye contact while speaking indicates that you are engaged and attentive. However, in some Eastern cultures, prolonged eye contact can be perceived as aggressive or disrespectful. For example, in Japan, it is customary to avert one's gaze to show deference.Proximity: In Western cultures, there is a greater emphasis on personal space, and people tend to maintain a larger distance between themselves and others during conversations. Conversely, in many Eastern cultures, closer proximity is a sign of warmth and intimacy. For instance, in China, it is common to stand closer together and engage in more physical touch.Gestures: Gestures can convey a wide range of emotions and messages. However, the meaning of gestures can vary significantly across cultures. For example, the "thumbs up" gesture, which indicates approval in Western cultures, can be perceived as offensive in some Middle Eastern countries. Similarly, the "OK" sign, which represents agreement in the West, can be interpreted as an insult in Brazil.Body Posture: Body posture can communicate both physical and emotional states. In Western cultures, sitting or standing up straight is seen as a sign of confidence and alertness. However, in some Eastern cultures, a more relaxed posture may be considered more polite and respectful. For instance, in Thailand, it is considereddisrespectful to sit in a cross-legged position in front of an elder.Facial Expressions: Facial expressions are universal to some extent, but their interpretation can differ across cultures. For example, in Western cultures, smiling is generally associated with happiness and joy. However, in some Eastern cultures, smiling can also indicate discomfort or embarrassment. Similarly, the expression of anger may be more restrained in Eastern cultures, while it is more openly expressed in Western cultures.Cultural Context: It is important to note that body language should always be interpreted within its cultural context. What may be considered appropriate in one culture may be considered rude or disrespectful in another. For example, in Western cultures, it is common to shake hands as a greeting. However, in some Eastern cultures, it is more customary to bow or make a slight nod as a sign of respect.Understanding the cultural differences in body languagecan help avoid misinterpretations and facilitate effective communication. By being aware of these variations, individuals can adapt their nonverbal cues to the specific cultural context they are in, fostering betterintercultural connections and avoiding potential misunderstandings.中文回答：肢体语言在交流中起着至关重要的作用，它传达着言语无法表达的信息。
中美肢体语言毕业论文
中美肢体语言毕业论文随着科学技术的迅猛发展，整个世界已逐渐成为一个地球村，世界各国间的交流也成为一个不可逆转的趋势。
学习一个国家的文化就不可忽视对它的非语言交际的研究。
仅用本国的文化框架来解释他国的文化是行不通的，忽视这一点，就可能导致冲突和误解。
而肢体语言作为语言交际的重要补充在非语言交际中有着口头语言无法替代的作用，是表达一个人内心世界的无声而真实的语言。
它能够影响人们的交流，反映人们的思想。
但由于不同民族文化已经根深蒂固，不容易接受与自己的习惯相反的信号。
以下是中美肢体语言毕业论文，欢迎阅读。
随着全球经济的发展和国际交流，世界已经成为一个“地球村”。
人们随时都会面对来自其他文化的朋友。
在人们的交流沟通过程中，文字语言并不是表达我们的想法和感受唯一的方式，肢体语言同样重要，两者相辅相成才能达到交流的预期效果。
然而，不同的文化造就了不同肢体沟通方式，不同的人也用不同的手势传达自己的表情。
中国和美国作为世界大国，在世界政治和经济舞台上扮演着重要角色，两国之间的交往频率一直处于上升中，学习肢体语言的不同与共同规则，将会有助于中美国两国之间进行更好的沟通与合作，有利于世界的和平与国际经济的健康发展。
1 中美肢体语言的差异1.1 距离来自不同文化背景的人在两个人交流时距离的问题上有着不同的看法。
它不仅显示了两个人之间的交际关系和心理状态，但也反映出民族文化特点。
中国人和美国人在该问题上的观点存在明显的差异。
有时你感觉对的行为，可能完全冒犯了对方的文化。
在研究过程中笔者发现，相比于中国人，美国人会保持更大的互动距离。
通过反复观察和细致的对比研究和阅读文献，正如所说，在美国社会与商业关系中有四种距离——亲密、私人、社会和公众。
对于亲密的距离（0—45cm），一般出现在人们最私人的关系和活动中，如亲戚、亲密的朋友、情人和夫妻。
私人距离保持在45—120cm，是最常见的普通朋友和熟人。
他们互相认识，但没有特殊关系。
中西肢体语言差异英语作文
中西肢体语言差异英语作文英文回答：Body language is a form of non-verbal communicationthat can convey a variety of messages, from emotions and intentions to cultural background. While there are some universal gestures that are understood across cultures, there are also many differences in how body language is interpreted and used around the world.One of the most striking differences between Western and Chinese body language is the use of eye contact. In Western cultures, making eye contact is generally seen as a sign of respect, confidence, and sincerity. However, in Chinese culture, making direct eye contact can be seen as challenging or disrespectful, especially when speaking to someone who is older or of a higher social status.Another difference between Western and Chinese body language is the use of gestures. In Western cultures,people often use gestures to emphasize their words or to convey emotions. However, in Chinese culture, gestures are often more subtle and reserved. For example, while Westerners might use a thumbs-up gesture to indicate approval, Chinese people might use a nod of the head or a slight smile.The use of personal space is also different between Western and Chinese cultures. In Western cultures, people tend to value personal space and may feel uncomfortable if someone stands too close. However, in Chinese culture, people are more accustomed to close physical contact and may not be offended if someone stands close to them.These are just a few of the many differences between Western and Chinese body language. By understanding these differences, we can avoid misunderstandings and communicate more effectively with people from different cultures.中文回答：肢体语言是一种非语言沟通形式，可以传递各种信息，从情感和意图到文化背景。
中西肢体语言差异英语作文
中西肢体语言差异英语作文英文回答：In terms of body language, there are indeed differences between Western and Chinese cultures. Let's start with eye contact. In Western cultures, maintaining eye contact is considered a sign of confidence and sincerity. It showsthat you are engaged in the conversation and payingattention to the person speaking. However, in Chinese culture, prolonged eye contact can be seen as impolite or even aggressive. Chinese people tend to avoid direct eye contact, especially when talking to someone of higherstatus or authority.Another difference is in the use of gestures. Westerners tend to use more hand gestures when they speak, using their hands to emphasize their points or to convey emotions. For example, they might raise their hands to show excitement or use their fingers to count. On the other hand, Chinese people generally use fewer hand gestures and relymore on facial expressions and body movements. They might nod or shake their heads to indicate agreement or disagreement, or use subtle movements of the hands to convey meaning.Furthermore, personal space is another aspect where differences can be observed. In Western cultures, people tend to have a larger personal space and value their privacy. They prefer to keep a certain distance when interacting with others, especially with strangers. On the contrary, in Chinese culture, personal space is much smaller and people are accustomed to being in close proximity to others. It is common to see people standing close together or even touching when having a conversation.Lastly, let's talk about the use of touch. In Western cultures, physical touch is more common and acceptable. It is not uncommon to see friends hugging or patting each other on the back as a form of greeting or showing affection. However, in Chinese culture, physical touch is generally reserved for close family members or intimate friends. Public displays of affection, such as hugging orkissing, are not common and may be seen as inappropriate or even offensive.中文回答：在肢体语言方面，西方文化和中国文化确实存在差异。
肢体语言的中西方文化差异
肢体语言的中西方文化差异第一篇：肢体语言的中西方文化差异肢体语言的中西方文化差异尼泊尔人、斯里兰卡人和有些印地安人和爱斯基摩人用点头表示“不”。
因此，要用外语进行有效的交际，在说某种语言时就得了解说话人的手势、动作、举止等所表示的意思。
我们可以观察一下阿拉伯人同英国人谈话。
阿拉伯人按照自己的民族习惯认为站得近些表示友好。
英国人按照英国的习惯会往后退，因为他认为保持适当的距离才合适。
阿拉伯人往前挪，英国人往后退。
谈话结束时，两个人离原来站的地方可能相当远！在这个例子里，双方的距离是关键。
不同的民族在谈话时，对双方保持多大距离才合适有不同的看法。
根据研究，据说在美国进行社交或公务谈话时，有四种距离表示四种不同情况：关系亲密，私人交往，一般社交，公共场合。
交谈双方关系亲密，那么身体的距离从直接接触到相距约45厘米之间，这种距离适于双方关系最为亲密的场合，比如说夫妻关系。
朋友、熟人或亲戚之间个人交谈一般以相距45～80米为宜。
在进行一股社交活动时，交谈双方相距1.30米至3米；在工作或办事时，在大型社交聚会上，交谈者一般保持1.30米至 2米的距离。
在公共场合，交谈者之间相距更远，如在公共场所演说，教师在堂上讲课，他们同听众距离很远。
多数讲英语的人不喜欢人们离得太近，当然，离得太远也有些别扭。
离得太近会使人感到不舒服，除非另有原因，如表示喜爱或鼓励对方与自己亲近等，但这是另一回事。
记住这一点很重要。
在英语国家里，一般的朋友和熟人之间交谈时，避免身体任何部位与对方接触。
即使仅仅触摸一下也可能引起不良的反应。
如果一方无意触摸对方一下，他（她）一般会说Sorry；Oh，I’m sorry；Excuse me等表示“对不起”的道歉话。
在中国，常常听到西方妇女抱怨中国人抚弄了她们的婴儿和很小的孩子。
不论是摸摸、拍拍、接接或是亲亲孩子，都使那些西方的母亲感到别扭。
她们知道这种动作毫无恶意，只是表示亲近和爱抚而已，所以也不好公开表示不满。
从中美两国肢体语言看文化多样性
从中美两国肢体语言看文化多样性摘要肢体语言是非语言交际的重要组成部分并和文化紧密联系在一起。
随着经济的发展，肢体语言的运用越来越频繁，特别是中国和美国。
为了能够更好的交流，中国人和美国人必须意识到两国的肢体语言有着相似之处。
然而，由于历史和意识形态的不同，两国的肢体语言还存在着很多的差异。
这篇论文从面部表情，手势语，身体姿势等方面对两国的肢体语言进行对比。
目的在于阐述两国肢体语言的相同点和不同点，从而提出一些可行性的建议来减少两国人民交际中所出现的障碍。
最终使中美两国人民能够更好的交流。
关键词：肢体语言；中国；美国；文化多样性Culture Diversity in Body Language of China and the United States AbstractBody language is an important part of nonverbal communication and it is connected with culture. With the development of economy, the use of body language becomes more and more frequent, especially in China and the United States. In order to make successful exchange in communication, the people from China and the United States should realize that body language in these two countries has many similarities. Meanwhile, body language in these two countries also has many differences because of different history and ideology. This paper applies to a comparison and contrast of body language in China and the United States in terms of facial expressions, gestures and postures. It aims to illustrate the differences and similarities of body language in China and the United States and put forward the principles of reducing barriers in communication. Thus, Chinese and Americans can communicate efficiently and avoid misunderstanding.Key words：body language; China; the United States; culture diversity。
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论文：从肢体语言看中西方文化差异Chinese and western cultural differences in body language一.引言二.肢体语言概述（一）肢体语言的概念及特征（二）肢体语言的相关理论三、肢体语言在差异文化中的发展与演变（一）肢体语言在人类社会交流方面的重要性1 不同种类的肢体语言所代表的意思2 肢体语言在交流中的作用以及重要性3 在中西方交流中，怎样恰当的使用肢体语言？（二）社群交流及族群认同性对区域文化历史的形成、发展的重大影响1中西方区域文化的历史的形成和发展对比2 中西方区域交流文化的重大差异（三）区域文化对肢体语言的反作用（四）中西方文化的主要内容和差异1 肢体语言对中西方交流文化的影响2 通过肢体语言对中西方交流文化造成差异的过程以及原因3 中西方交流文化中的肢体语言的比较以及异同四．肢体语言的东西方差异，在经济全球化带动文化交流融合的现代的发展趋势。
1 在中西方交流中学习肢体语言的必要性和重要性2 肢体语言在文化交流中的发展趋势五．结论1 General ideas of body languageA the definition of body languageB the relative theory of body language2 the development and exchange of body language in different culturesA the importance of body language in human ’s communication1. Introduction (1)2. The necessity and importance of learning body language on nonverbal communication (2)3. The concrete types and application of the body language (3)3.1 Types of body language (3)3.1.1 Distance between people conversing (3)3.1.2 Physical contact (3)3.1.3 Eye contact (4)3.1.4 Smiles and laughter (6)3.1.5 Gestures (6)3.2 Application of the body language (6)3.2.1 Greetings (6)3.2.2 Signs of affection (8)3.2.3 Physical contact in life (8)3.3 A comparative study of Chinese and American body language (9)4. Conclusion (12)Introduction1. General ideas of body language 52. ?The different kinds of body language 62.1 Manual speech2.2 face expression2.3 posture expression3. ?The function of body language4.How to use body language5. The importance of body language浅谈非语言交际中的身势语摘要“身势语”同语言一样，都是文化的一部分。
在不同文化中，身势语的意义并不完全相同。
各民族有不同的非语言交际方式.例如：不同的民族在谈话时，对双方保持多大距离才合适有不同的看法；谈话双方身体接触的次数多少因文化不同而各异；在目光接触这一方面也有许多规定：看不看对方，什么时候看，看多久，什么人可以看，什么人不可以看；在某些场合下，在中国和讲英语的国家无论微笑还是大笑，通常表示友好﹑赞同﹑满意﹑高兴﹑愉快，但是在某些场合，中国人的笑会引起西方人的反感；打手势时动作稍有不同，就会与原来的意图有所区别，对某种手势理解错了，也会引起意外的反应等等。
因此，要用外语进行有效的交际，在说某种语言时就得了解说话人的手势，动作，举止等所表示的意思。
而有些权威人士认为两者相互依存。
在大多数情况下这是对的。
在某些情况下，人体动作与所说的话不一致，口头说的与身势语表达的意思不一样。
这时要借助其他信息或从整个情况中猜测说话人的意思，从某种意义上说，一切身势语都要放在一定的情景下去理解；忽视了整个情景就会发生误解。
而通过中美身势语对比研究表明，两者有相似的地方，也有差异的地方，说明了解另一种语言中身势语的重要性。
可见，真正掌握两种语言的人在? 挥昧硪恢钟镅运祷笆币惨挥昧硪恢稚硎朴铩Ｕ庋拍艽锏礁玫慕患市关键词:非语言交际身势语不同文化不同方式Body Language on Nonverbal CommunicationAbstract“Body language”, like our verbal language, is also a part of our culture. But not all bodylanguage means the same thing in different cultures. Different people have different waysof making nonverbal communication. For example: different people have different ideasabout the proper distance between people conversing; the appropriateness of physicalcontact varies with different cultures; one could draw up quite a list of “rules” about eyecontact: to look or not to look; when to look and how long to look; who and who not tolook at; smiles and laughte r usually convey friendliness, approval, satisfaction, pleasure, joy and merriment, and, this is generally true in China as well as the English-speaking countries, however, there are situations when some Chinese will laugh thatwill cause negative reactions by westerners; gestures can be particularly troublesome,for a slight difference in making the gesture itself can mean something quite differentfrom that intended, and, a wrong interpretation of a gesture can arouse quiteunexpected reactions and so on. So in order to communicate effectively in a foreignlanguage, one should&nb sp;know also the gestures, body movements, mannerisms and etc. that accompany a particular language. Some authorities feel that the two are dependent on each other.This is certainly true in most situations. But it is also true that in certain situations bodyaction contradicts what is being said, just as the spoken words may mean somethingquite different from what body language communicates. When this occurs, one must try to get further information, or guess the meaning from the context of the situation. In asense, all body language should be interpreted ;within a given context; to ignore theoverall situation could be misleading. A comparative study of Chinese and American bodylanguage shows a number of similarities and diversities of body language. It shows theimportance of knowing the specific gestures that go with a language. Observation showthat a truly bilingual person switches his body language at the same time he switcheslanguages. This makes communication easier and better.Key words:nonverbal communication body language different culture different ways Contents。