初中英语被动语态专项讲解
初中中的被动语态用法详解

初中中的被动语态用法详解被动语态是英语中一个常用的语法结构,包含了及物动词的被动形式。
初中阶段,学生们需要逐渐掌握被动语态的用法。
本文将详细介绍初中中的被动语态用法。
一、被动语态的基本构成被动语态的基本构成由be动词的适当形式+过去分词构成。
be动词的形式根据句子的时态和主语的人称而定。
过去分词则根据动词的一般过去时的变化规则。
例如:- The car is repaired.(句子时态:一般现在时)- The car was repaired.(句子时态:一般过去时)- The car will be repaired.(句子时态:一般将来时)二、被动语态的用法1. 没有明确的执行者在被动语态中,我们强调动作的接受者而非执行者。
有时,在句子中并没有明确指出执行动作的人或事物。
例如:- The window was broken.(窗户被打破了。
)- The book will be published next month.(这本书将在下个月出版。
)2. 隐藏执行者在某些情况下,句子中刻意隐藏了动作的执行者。
例如:- The cake was eaten.(蛋糕被吃了。
)3. 顺序执行之动作被动语态常用于描述一系列按照一定顺序执行的动作。
例如:- The eggs are washed, peeled, and then boiled.(鸡蛋洗净、剥皮,然后煮熟。
)4. 惯用表达被动语态在某些固定的表达方式中也得到了广泛使用。
例如:- The decision was made.(决定已经做出。
)- The question was answered.(问题已经回答。
)三、主动语态与被动语态的转换在主动语态与被动语态之间进行转换时,需注意以下几点:1. 意义的改变:动作的焦点转移到了接受者身上,原主语成为了新的宾语;2. 动词形式的变化:be动词的形式和动词的过去分词形式相关;3. 语态的时态保持一致:主动语态的时态与被动语态的时态保持一致。
初中英语被动语态讲解及练习

初中英语被动语态讲解及练习一、什么是被动语态?被动语态是英语中的一种动词形式,用于表示句子的主语是动作的承受者而不是执行者。
在被动语态中,主语通常是动作的接受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语动词的宾语。
二、被动语态的结构被动语态由助动词be(am, is, are, was, were)+及物动词的过去分词构成。
例如:原句:The boy kicked the ball.被动句:The ball was kicked by the boy.原句:They are eating the cake.被动句:The cake is being eaten by them.三、被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者是谁时,常常使用被动语态。
例如:The book was written in 2005.(这本书是2005年写的。
)The window has been broken.(窗户已经被打破了。
)2. 当动作的执行者已经知道或不需要强调时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在世界各地都被使用。
)The car was repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车是由机修工修理的。
)3. 当我们想要强调动作的接受者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:The cake was eaten by Tom.(这块蛋糕是汤姆吃掉的。
)The book was read by all the students.(这本书被所有学生读过。
)四、被动语态的时态和语态转换1. 一般现在时的被动语态被动语态的一般现在时由am/is/are + 过去分词构成。
例如:原句:They build a house.(他们造了一座房子。
)被动句:A house is built by them.(一座房子被他们造了。
)2. 一般过去时的被动语态被动语态的一般过去时由was/were + 过去分词构成。
初中英语语法:被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)

初中英语语法:被动语态用法全解及专项习题(附答案)被动语态的时态:1.一般现在时的被动语态:am /is/ are +动词的过去分词2.一般过去时的被动语态:was /were +动词的过去分词3.一般将来时的被动语态:will be +动词的过去分词4.现在进行时的被动语态:am /is /are +being +动词的过去分词5.现在完成时的被动语态:have /has +been +动词的过去分词6.情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+ be +动词的过去分词被动语态的基本用法:(1) 需要强调动作的承受者时The Great Wall is enjoyed by millions of people all over the world.English is widely spoken in the world now.(2) 不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者时Mr. Wang is invited to the meeting today .The problem is dealt with now .(3) 当说话人需要强调客观时It is said that she was a beauty when she was young主动语态变被动语态的变法:宾变主,主变宾,谓变be done ,时不变,数格必须随被变。
注:1.主动、被动的时态要一致。
2.主动、被动的句式要一致。
3.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。
一般过去时被动语态基本句式(1) 肯定式:主语+ was /were +过去分词+by?It was made in Beijing Ren'ai Education Institute .(2) 否定式:主语+was /were + not +过去分词+ by?She was not given a paniting by him . This question was not discussed at the meeting yesterday .(3) 一般疑问句:Was /Were+主语+过去分词+by ?Was it made of bamboo?(4) 特殊疑问句:特殊疑+was/were+过去分词+by?What was it made of ?特殊情况的被动语态:1.带双宾语的被动语态:动词+ sb(间宾) +sth(直宾)口诀:如遇双宾语,一般变间宾,若把直宾变,to /for 间宾连。
中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)

中考初中英语被动语态讲解(精心整理)被动语态专题定义语态是动词的一种形式,表示主语和谓语之间的关系。
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。
主动语态表示主语是谓语的执行者。
被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者。
被动语态的构成:助动词be+及物动词的过去分词被动语态的时态:“主动语态变被动语态,时态不变动”,即助动词be 的时态要跟原主动语态中的时态保持一致。
请看下表:时态被动结构一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词一般过去时was/were+过去分词一般将来时will/shall be+过去分词现在进行时am/is/are being+过去分词现在完成时have/has been+过去分词含情态动词can/may/must... be+过去分词主动语态变被动语态的方法第一步:先确定主动句的主、谓、宾,找出其中的谓语动词。
第二步:把主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语,若宾语是人称代词,变宾格为主格。
第三步:把主动句中的谓语动词变为“助动词be +及物动词的过去分词”,时态不变。
第四步:把主动句中的主语变为被动句中介词by的宾语(没必要说出动作的执行者时,“by+宾语”在句中常省略。
),若主语是人称代词,应把主格变为宾格。
请对比下面的主动句和被动句:主动语态:They(主语)grow(谓语)tea(宾语)in the southeast of China.被动语态:Tea(主语)is grown(谓语)by them in the southeast of China.随堂演练(把下列句型改为被动句)1.Bruce writes a letter every week.→2.Li Lei mended the broken bike this morning.→3.We grow trees every spring.→4.My mother cleans our room every morning.→补充:①S + V +IO +DO双宾语的结构变为被动语态时,可把其中一个宾语变为被动语态的主语。
被动语态(15张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件

主动语态变被动语态的方法
英语的谓语动词有两种状态
We 主语
speak 谓语
English. 宾语
English 主语
is spoken 谓语
by us. 宾语
主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动结构:
1 The people always open the
window.
被动结构:
1 The window is always opened by
3 主动: see sb do
被动: sb be heard to do
Lucy was heard to sing in the classroom by me.
被动: sb be seen to do
I see Jack play the basketball
改成
in the playground.
the people .
2
主动结构: They will design a new bike in the
2
被动结构: A new bike will be designed by them
factory.
in the factory.
3
主动结构: He cut down a tree.
3 被动结构:
A tree was cut down by him.
主动省略to被动还原to
1 主动: make sb do I made my sister cry.
被动: sb be made to do
改成
My sister was made to cry by me.
2 主动: hear sb do I heard Lucy sing in the classroom. 改成
初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类

初中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及其分类被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要结构,用于表达主语是动作的接受者。
初中阶段,学生需要掌握被动语态的基本用法,并能够正确地分类和运用。
本文将对初中英语知识点中的被动语态进行归纳,并进行适当的分类,以帮助学生更好地掌握被动语态的用法。
一、基本用法被动语态的基本结构是“be + 过去分词”,其中“be”是根据时态和情态动词的要求进行变换,过去分词则是动词的过去式或者第三人称单数形式。
被动语态常用于以下情况:1. 当不知道或者不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The car was repaired yesterday. (这辆车昨天被修理了。
)- The book will be read by many people. (这本书将会被很多人阅读。
)2. 当强调动作的接受者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The cake was eaten by the children. (蛋糕被孩子们吃了。
)- The letter was written by Tom. (这封信是汤姆写的。
)3. 当主语是不能进行动作的物体时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:- The window was broken. (窗户被打破了。
)- The ball was kicked into the goal. (球被踢进了球门。
)二、被动语态的分类根据动词的不同性质和用法,被动语态可以进行分类,下面将对常见的几种分类进行介绍。
1. 一般现在时被动语态一般现在时的被动语态结构为“am/is/are + 过去分词”。
该时态常用于描述客观事实或者重复性的动作。
例如:- The car is washed every week. (这辆车每周都被洗。
)- English is spoken in many countries. (英语在很多国家被使用。
)2. 一般过去时被动语态一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”。
初中英语——被动语态讲解(共43张PPT)

2. ---Did you call everybody to take part in the party? ---Yes,the invitations____to them. A. have sent B. was sent C. is sent D. have been sent
3. No decision___ about the environment protection until all the students and teachers arrive.
6. ---- Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?
---- Yes, I have. I guess it__ . A. has graded B. is graded C. is grading D. has been graded
7. A coat can warm. A.is used
(hold) every four years.
3.The 2012 Olympics _w_e_r_e_h__el_d_____
(hold) in London .
4.The problem _is__g_o_in_g__t_o_b_e__d_is_c_ussed
(discuss) at the meeting tomorrow .
A. need repairing B. needs to repair C. needs repairing D. need to repair
*This table wants cleaning. =This table wants to be cleaned.
1. The water___ cold at this time of
被动语态(31张PPT)初中英语专项复习课件(2)

商店每天八点开门。
温故知新
No sooner had she got out of her car than two
men in black
(push) her into the car with
a gun pointing her.
The tree was planted (by Tom) last year.
释义:这棵树是去年(由汤姆)种的。
特殊句型被动语态的转换
(1)“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”变为 被动语态。
只需将宾语变为被动句中的主语,宾补就成 为被动句 中的主语补足语。另外,如果主动句中的宾 补是不带 to的不定式,当句子变成被动语态后,要还 原to。
by farmers in spring.
原宾语 be+过去分词
by+原主语
状语
步骤一:把原主动句的宾语转换成被动句中的主语。
步骤二:把原动词改为“be+过去分词”的形式。动词的人 称和数要随着新的主语而改变,同时be动词的时态不变。 不论是什么形态,被动语态的句子都必定要有一个be动词。
步骤三:原来主动语态中的主语,如需强调就放在by后面 以他的宾格形式出现,以指明发出动作的人或物。如果没 有必要,则可以省略。
The room needs cleaning.
相当于to be cleaned
这个房间需要打扫。
3)形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动 含义,但不能跟动词不定式。
The art show is well worth visiting.
这个艺术展值得参观。
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初中英语被动语态专项讲解一、语态概述语态是动词的一种形式,表示句子之中主语和谓语动词的关系。
英语有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是动作的发出者(或执行者)eg:Many people speak Chinese、谓语:speak的动作是由主语many people来执行的。
被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即行为动作的对象。
eg:Chineseis spoken by many people、主语English是动词speak 的承受者。
二、被动语态的构成被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。
(被动语态的否定式和疑问式均由助动词或第一个助动词构成。
)各种时态的被动语态构成:1、一般现在时:am/is/are+及物动词的过去分词Eg:Im asked to take care of myself、 Football is played all over the world2、一般过去时:was/were+及物动词的过去分词Eg:This house was built in1958、 His leg was broken in an accident、3、一般将来时:will/shall be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:More factories will be built in our city、 He will be taken to hospital tomorrow、4、现在进行时:am/is/are being+及物动词的过去分词、Eg:A road is being built around the mountain、 Many new houses are being built in this city5、过去进行时:was/were being+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The meeting was being held when I was there、 We were being trained this time last year、6、现在完成时:have/has been+及物动词的过去分词Eg:His book has been translated into many foreign languages、 The prices of many goods have been cutagain 、7、过去完成时:had been + 及物动词的过去分词Eg:A new school had been set up by the end of last year、8、含有情态动词的被动语态:情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词Eg:The rubbish can be put into the dustbin over there、三、被动语态的基本用法一般来说,在我们日常生活中,能用主动语态的时候就尽量不去用被动语态。
只有在下列情况中我们才用被动语态:1、不知道动作的执行者是谁。
eg:1)、Some new computers were stolen last night、一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。
2)、This bridge was founded in1981、这座桥竣工于1981年。
3)、The front window in the classroom was broken yesterday、昨天,教室的前窗被打2、没不要说出动作的执行者是谁。
Eg:1)、The time-table has been changed 、时间表已变动了2)、China was foundedin1949、3、不愿意说出动作的执行者,其目的是为了使语言得体、圆滑等。
在这种情况下,有时常用一些句式,如"It is said that…"(据说……),"It is reported that …"(据报道……),It is well known that …(众所周知… …)It is supposed that(据推测说… …),It is believed that…大家相信,It is hoped that…大家希望,It is thought that…大家认为,It is suggest ed that…据建议等等’。
eg:1、It is said that she is going to be married to a foreigner、据说她要嫁给一个外国人。
2、It is said that the boy has passed the national exam、(=The boy is said to have passed the national exam、)4、强调动作的承受者,而不强调动作的执行者。
Eg:1)、The glass was broken by Mike、玻璃杯是迈克打破的。
2)、his book was written by him、这本书是他写的。
3)、Your homework must be finished on time、你们的家庭作业必须及时完成。
注:使用被动语态的情况口诀:动作谁做的不知道,谁说出的不必要。
接受动作需强调,用被动语态最为妙。
四、主动语态变被动语态的方法:1、把主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语。
2、把谓语变成被动结构(be+过去分词)(根据被动语态句子里的主语的人称和数,以及原来主动语态句子中动词的时态来决定be的形式)。
3、把主动语态中的主语放在介词by之后作宾语,将主格改为宾格。
He plant trees in sping 、Trees are planted in sping by him 、主动语态变被动语态口诀:宾语提前主语变,原主变宾by后见,时态人称be关键。
All the people laughed at him、→ He was laughed at by all people、They make the bikes in the factory、→The bikes are made by them in the factory、He cut down a tree、→ A tree was cut down by him、被动语态中“by+宾语”的省略:被动语态句式中的“by+宾语”表示及物动词所表示动作的执行者,但是在遇到以下情况时,表示动作执行者“by+宾语”常常被省略。
1、动作执行者不确定时Eg:1、Paper is made from wood 、2、Many people are killed in traffic accidents every day 、2、不必表明动作执行者时Eg:1、English is also spoken as the second language as well as one of the official languages 、2、Football is played in most school 、3、动作执行者为一般大众时、Eg:1、Both English and Spanish are spoken in thisarea 、2、He is made the monitor of the class today 、五、主动语态变被动语态应注意的几个问题:谈谈几种特殊的被动结构1、当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语(唯一宾语)”时,把宾语提到句首做主语,然后把谓语改成被动语态形式,最后把原主语变为宾格至于介词by之后。
实际运用中by短语常被省略。
Eg:1、We finish our homework in the evening 、2、Our homework is finished in the evening 、2、当句子结构为“主语+谓语+间接宾语(表示人的)+直接宾语(表示物的)”时,一般把间接宾语变为主语,而直接宾语不变,这样句子显得自然些。
如果把直接宾语作为主语,那么在间接宾语前应加介词to或for、Eg:1、She sent me a novel on my birthday、 (主动)→I was sent a novel on my birthday、 (被动)A novel was sent to me on my birthday、 (被动)2、My brother bought me a watch yesterday、 (主动)→I was bought a watch yester day、 (被动)A watch was bought for me by my brother yesterday、(被动)注意:1)、间接宾语前需要加for的动词,buy ,sing ,catch ,find ,get,drow ,cook ,keep ,make,offer 等。
2)、间接宾语前需要加to的动词,bring ,give ,pass ,hand ,leave ,show ,write ,take ,teach ,tell ,thow ,lend,send ,return等3、当句子结构为“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”把主动态变成被动态时,只需将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态句子的主语,而原句里的宾语补足语现在就变成被动态句子的"主语补足语"了eg:1、They asked me to help them、→I was asked to help them、2、Now people can use computers to help them→ZZZouter can be used to help them 、3、We must keep the room clean 、→ T he room must be kept clean 、4、We saw them coming over、→They were seen coming over、如果复合宾语是由“宾语+不带to的动词不定式”构成,变为被动语态时,动词不定式前的to要补出来。
常见的这类动词有:一感(feel),二听(hear,listen to )三让(let ,make ,have )四看(watch ,see ,notice ,observe,+look at )但动词为let时,to仍可省略。
Eg:1、The story made us laugh 、→We were made to laugh by the story、2、The teacher let the little boy go home 、→The little boy was let (to)go home 、4、含有情态动词的被动语态含有情态动词的主动语态变成被动语态时,由“情态动词+be+过去分词”构成,原来带to的情态动词变成被动语态后“to”仍要保留。