最新医学专业英语单词汇总

医学专业英语单词汇总系统与局部解剖学Menisci 半月板Obturator nerve 闭孔神经Superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉Hypophysis 垂体Sacral plexus 骶丛Adductor brevis 短收肌Commom peroneal nerve腓总神经Accessory nerve 副神经Metaphysic 干骺端Tendo calcaneus 跟腱Trabeculae 骨小梁Femoral triangle 股三角Ulnar nerve尺动脉Great saphenous vein大隐静脉Secondary portal of live 第二肝门Gastrocnemius 腓肠肌Inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角Celiac trunk 腹腔干Olive 橄榄Arcuate line 弓状线Biceps brachii 肱二头肌Phrenicocolic ligament 膈结肠韧带Cricoid arch 环状软骨Tendinous sheath 腱鞘Sympathic trunk 交感干Cervical plexus 颈丛Venous valve 静脉瓣Subcostal nerve 肋下神经Pharyngeal tonsil 咽扁桃体Thoracic duct 胸导管Coccyx 尾骨Greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯Omental bursa 网膜囊Bipolar neuron 双极神经元striated muscle横纹肌sinus窦pectoralis magor胸大肌diaphragm膈inguinal ligament腹股沟韧带cauda equnia马尾medulla oblongata延髓rigeminal三叉神经greater splanchnic nerve内脏大神经carpal canal腕管palmar aponeurosis掌腱膜suspensory ligmant of duodenum十二指肠悬韧带recot uterine pouch子宫直肠窝popliteal fossa腘窝costomedia stinal recess肋纵隔隐窝carotid sheath颈动脉鞘triangle of ductus arteriosus动脉导管三角颈部1.Carotid triangle颈动脉三角2.External jugular vein颈外静脉。

3.Internal jugular vein颈内静脉：mon carotid artery颈总动脉5.Carotid sinus颈动脉窦6.Cervical fascia劲筋膜7.Vagus nerve迷走神经8.Accessory nerve副神经9.Muscular triangle肌三角10.Thyroid gland甲状腺：11.Superior laryngeal nerve喉上神经12.Parathyroid glands甲状旁腺13.Recurrent laryngeal nerve喉返神经14.Ansa cervicalis颈袢15.Carotid sheath颈动脉鞘16.Triangle of vertabral artery椎动脉三角手部1.Palmar aponneurosis掌腱膜2.Carpal canal腕管3.Midpalmar space掌中间隙4.Superficial palmar arch掌浅弓。

5.Deep palmar arch掌深弓6.Thenar space鱼际间隙7.Tendinous sheaths of fingers指腱鞘8.Vincula tendinum腱纽9.Palmar intermediate septum掌中隔10.Ulnar bursa尺侧囊11.Radial bursa桡侧囊臂后区、前臂后区及手背1.Humeromuscular tunnel肱骨肌管2.Dorsal venous rete of hand手背静脉网3.Extensor retinaculum伸肌支持带下肢1.Superior gluteal nerve臀上神经2.Superior gluteal artery臀上动脉3.Superior gluteal vein臀上静脉4.Inferior gluteal nerve臀下神经5.Inferior gluteal artery臀下动脉6.Inferior gluteal vein臀下静脉7.Sciatic nerve坐骨神经8.Internal pudendal artery阴部内动脉9.Lesser sciatic foramen坐骨小孔10.Great saphenous vein大隐静脉11.Fascia lata阔筋膜12.Iliotibial tract髂胫束13.Saphenous hiatus隐静脉裂孔cuna musculorum肌腔隙cuna vasorum血管腔隙16.Femoral triangle股三角17.Femoral sheath股鞘：18.Femoral canal股管：19.Femoral artery股动脉20.Femoral nerve股神经21.Adductor canal（Hunter canal）收肌管22.Adductor tendinous opening收肌腱裂孔23.Obturator artery闭孔动脉24.Obturator nerve闭孔神经25.Popliteal fossa腘窝26.Tibial nerve胫神经mon peroneal（fibular） nerve腓总神经：28.Popliteal artery腘动脉29.Superficial peroneal nerve腓浅神经30.deep peroneal nerve腓深神经31.saphenous nerve隐神经32.anterior tibial artery胫前动脉33.posterior tibial artery胫后动脉34.small saphenous vein小隐静脉35.malleolar canal踝管胸部1.Costodiaphragmatic recess肋膈隐窝2.Root of lung肺根3.Cupula of pleura胸膜顶：4.Superior mediastinum上纵隔5.Mediastinum纵隔6.Azygod vein奇静脉7.Superior vena cava上腔静脉8.Aortic arch主动脉弓9.Arterial ligament动脉韧带10.Triangle of ductus arteriosus动脉导管三角11.Thoracic duct胸导管12.Greater splanchnic nerve内脏大神经13.Lesser splanchnic nerve内脏小神经结肠下区：1.suspensory muscle of duodenum（十二指肠悬韧带、十二指肠悬肌）2.major duodenal papilla（十二指肠大乳头）3.hepatic porta vein（肝门静脉）4.hepatopancreatic ampulla（肝胰壶腹）5.superior mesenteric artery（肠系膜上动脉）6.superior mesenteric vein（肠系膜上静脉）7.ileocecal valve（回盲瓣）8.radix of mesentery（小肠系膜根）9.inferior mesenteric artery（肠系膜下动脉）10.inferior mesenteric vein（肠系膜下静脉）11.vermiform appendix（阑尾）12.colic marginal artery（边缘动脉）腹膜后间隙：1.renal hilum（肾门）2.ureter（输尿管）3.renal pedicle（肾蒂）4.renal fascia（肾筋膜）5.abdominal aorta（腹主动脉）6.inferior vena cava（下腔静脉）7.lumbar sympathetic trunk（腰交感干）8.cisterna chyli（乳糜池）腹前外侧壁1.parietal peritoneum（壁腹膜）2.sheath of rectus abdominis（腹直肌鞘）3.obliquus externus abdominis（腹外斜肌）4.superficial inguinal ring（腹股沟浅环）5.deep inguinal ring（腹股沟深环）6.inguinal ligament（腹股沟韧带7.inferior epigastric artery（腹壁下动脉）8.inguinal triangle（腹股沟三角）9.inguinal canal（腹股沟管）10.transverse fascia（腹横筋膜）结肠上区1.hepatic pedicle（肝蒂）2.greater omentum（大网膜）mon bile duct（胆总管）4.calot triangle（卡洛三角，胆囊三角）5.lesser omentum（小网膜）6.hepatoduodenal ligament（肝十二指肠韧带）7.left gastric artery（胃左动脉）8.right gastric artery（胃右动脉）9.subphrenic space（膈下间隙）10.porta hepatis（肝门）11.celiac trunk（腹腔干）腋窝、臂前区及前臂前区1.acillary fossa（腋窝）2.musculocutaneous nerve（肌皮神经）3.acillary lymph nodes（腋淋巴结）4.clavipectoral fascia（锁胸筋膜）5.trilateral foraman（三边孔）6.quadrilateral foraman（四边孔）7.median nerve（正中神经）8.ulnar nerve（尺神经）9.radial nerve（桡神经）10.thoracodorsal nerve（胸背神经）11.cubital fossa（肘窝）12.long thoracic nerve（胸长神经）13.axillary sheath（腋鞘）14.cephalic vein（头静脉）15.basilic vein（贵要静脉）16.axillary artery（腋动脉）17.median cubital vein（肘正中静脉）18.median antebrachial vein（前臂正中静脉）19.brachial artery（肱动脉）20.deep brachial artery（肱深动脉）组织胚胎学Histology 组织学Intercellular substance 细胞间质Basophilia 嗜碱Acidopilia 嗜酸Squamous/columnar epithelium 扁平/柱状上皮Connevtive tissue 结缔组织Mesenchyme 间充质Fibroblast 成纤维细胞Macrophage 巨噬细胞Histamine 组胺Leukotriene 白三烯Proteoglycan 蛋白多糖Glycoprotein 糖蛋白Cartilage 软骨Perichondrium 软骨膜Osseous tissue 骨组织Serum 血清Erythrocyte 红细胞Hemolysis 溶血Reticulocyte 网织红细胞Sarcoplasm 肌质Terminal cisternae 终池Intercalated disk 润盘Lipofuscin 脂褐素Dendritic spine 树突棘Axon 轴突Synapse 突触Astrocyte 星形胶质细胞Oilgodendrocyte 少突胶质细胞Microglia 小胶质细胞Myelin sheath 髓鞘Tactile corpuscle 触觉小体Ganglion 神经节Nissl body 尼氏体Neurofibril 神经原纤维chemical synapse 化学性突触lymphoid nodule 淋巴小结paracortical zone 副皮质区blood-thymus barrier 血-胸腺屏障periarterial lymphatic sheath 动脉周围淋巴鞘mononuclear phagocytic system 单核吞噬细胞系统mucous-HCO3- barrier 黏液-碳酸氢盐屏障small intestinal gland 小肠腺pancreatic islet 胰岛hepatic sinusoid 肝血窦perisinusoidal space 窦周隙blood-air barrier 气血屏障alveolar septum 肺泡隔filtration barrier 滤过屏障macula densa 致密斑spermatogenesis 精子发生blood-testis barrier 血睾屏障primary follicle 初级卵泡secondary follicle 次级卵泡ovulation 排卵corpus luteum 黄体macula lutea 黄斑macula scoustic 位觉斑blastocyst 胚泡implantation 植入neural tube 神经管placental barrier 胎盘屏障生理学Atropine 阿托品Scotopic vision 暗视觉Target organ 靶器官Diapedesis 白细胞渗出Passive transport 被动转运Proprioception 本体感觉Dromotropic action 变传导作用Intropic action 变力作用Chronotropic action 变时作用Expiratory reserve volume 补呼气量Incomplete tetanus 不完全强直Residual volume 残气量Enterokinase 肠激酶Supranormal period 超长期Hyperpolarization 超极化Tidal volume 潮气量Reabsorption 重吸收Conduction 传导Hypophysis 垂体Stimulation 刺激Tropic hormone 促激素Simple diffusion 单纯扩散Cholinergic neuron 胆碱神经元Transmitter 递质Electrotonic potential 电紧张电位Action potential 动作电位Muscarinic receptor 毒蕈碱受体Polyuria 多尿Catecholamine 儿茶酚胺Feedback regulation 反馈调节Reflex arc 反射弧Atrioventricular delay 房室延搁Alveolar surfactant 肺表面活性物质Vital capacity 肺活量Pulmonary stretch reflex 肺牵张反射Pulmonary ventilation 肺通气Parasympathetie nerve 副交感神经G protein-coupled recept蛋白耦联受体Heparin 肝素Sensorimotor area 感觉运动区Functional residual capacit功能残气量Tubulo-glomerular feedback管球反馈Tetrodotoxin 河豚毒Erythropoietin 红细胞生成素Afterload 后负荷Respiration 呼吸Bradykinin 缓激肽Actin 肌动蛋白Troponin 肌钙蛋白Muscle tonus 肌紧张Basal metabolic rate 基础代谢率Kinin 激肽Thyroid hormone 甲状腺素Tendon reflex 腱反射Calcitonin 降钙素Sumpathetic nerve 交感神经Proximal tubule 近端小管Myopia 近视Crystal osmotic pressure 晶体渗透压Resting potential 静息电位Antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素Filtration fraction 滤过分数Postcapillary resi毛细血管后阻力血管Patch clamp 膜片钳Cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液Endocrine 内分泌Internal environment 内环境Endothelin 内皮素Intrinsic factor 内因子visceral sensation 内脏感觉energy metabolism 能量代谢antiport 逆向转运myxedema 粘液性水肿agglutination 凝集thrombin 凝血酶coagulation factor 凝血因子Pmicturition reflex 排尿反射paracrine 旁分泌ligand 配体cortisol 皮质醇cortical nephron 皮质肾单位anemia贫血smooth muscle平滑肌Qpremature systole 期前收缩pacemaker 起搏点air conduction 气传导airway resistance 气道阻力pneumothorax 气胸referred pain 牵涉痛preload 前负荷retanus 强直收缩glomerulotubular balance 球管平衡depolarization 去极化aldosterone 醛固酮chemokin e 趋化因子artificial respiration 人工呼吸circadian rhythm 日节律fusion 融合endocytosis 入胞color blindness 色盲up regulation 上调ejection fraction,EF 射血分数core temperature 深部温度inspiratory capacity,IC 深吸气量nerve impulse 神经冲动neurotransmitter 神经递质neurosecretion 神经分泌neuron 神经元adrenaline 肾上腺素renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统glomerular filtration rate,GFR肾小球滤过率osmotic diuresis 渗透性利尿osmotic pressure 渗透压physiological dead space 生理无效腔growth hormone 生长激素growth hormone releasing hormone,GHRH生长激素释放激素ghrelin 生长素inactivation 失活rod cell 视杆细胞vision 视觉retina 视网膜visual field 视野cone cell 视锥细胞contractility 收缩能力或收缩性systole 收缩期systolic pressure 收缩压fertilization 受精receptor 受体diastole 舒张期diastolic pressure 舒张压water diuresis 水利尿compliance 顺应性elastic resistance 弹性阻力diabetes mellitus 糖尿病glucocorticoi 糖皮质激素conditioned stimulus 条件刺激conditional reflex 条件反射set point 调定点regulation 调节saltatory conduction 跳跃式传导ventilation /perfusion ratio 通气-血流比值permeability 通透性symport 同向转运agony 痛苦synapse 突触postsynaptic potential 突触后电位exocrine 外分泌extrinsic pathway 外源性凝血途径peripheral chemoreceptor外周化学感受器peripheral venous pressure外周静脉压peripheral resistance 外周阻力complete tetanus 完全性强直收缩arteriole 微动脉venul 微静脉e microvillus 微绒毛microcirculation 微循环gestation 味觉taste bud 味蕾gastrointestinal hormone 胃肠激素inspiration 吸气absorption 吸收cell membrane 细胞膜membrane receptor 细胞膜受体intracellular fluid 细胞内液extracellular fluid 细胞外液cytokine 细胞因子down regulation 下调hypothalamus 下丘脑fibrin 纤维蛋白relative refractory period 相对不应期digestion 消化extinction 消退electrocardiogram 心电图cardiac cycle 心动周期cardiac muscle 心肌cardiac reserve 心力储备cardiac output 心输出量cardiacvascular reflex 心血管反射cardiac remodeling 心脏重构cardiac index 心指数metabolism 新陈代谢excitation-contraction coupling兴奋-收缩偶联pleural cavity 胸膜腔thoracic breathing 胸式呼吸olfaction 嗅觉angiotensin 血管紧张素vasopressin 血管升压素hemoglobin,Hb 血红蛋白plasma 血浆blood volume 血量hemodynamics 血流动力学blood flow 血流量blood-brain barrier 血-脑屏障serum 血清hematocrit 血细胞比容platelet 血小板platelet aggregation 血小板聚集platelet adhesion 血小板黏附blood coagulation 血液凝固blood viscosity 血液粘滞度hemophilia 血友病baroreceptor 压力感受器baroreceptor reflex 压力感受性反射oxyhemoglobin 氧合血红蛋白folic acid 叶酸insulin 胰岛素insulin resistance 胰岛素抵抗acetylcholine,Ach 乙酰胆碱ectopic pacemak er 异位起搏点facilitation 易化stress 应激emergency reaction 应急反应effective refractory period 有效不应期effective filtration pressure有效滤过压threshold potential 阈电位threshold stimulus 阈刺激primary active transport原发性主动转运tropomyosin 原肌球蛋白distal tubule 远端小管telecrine 远距分泌hyperopia 远视menstruation 月经menstrual cycle 月经周期permissive action 允许作用motor unit 运动单位carrier 载体hemopoiesis 造血evaporation 蒸发positive nitrogen balance 正氮平衡positive feedback 正反馈hemostasis 止血proton pump 质子泵macula densa 致密斑central venous pressure 中心静脉压neutrophil 中性粒细胞endplate potential 终板电位peripheral nervous system周围神经系统active transport 主动转运cyanosis 紫绀autorhytmicity 自动节律性autocrine 自分泌autoregulation 自身调节病理学病理学pathology临床病理讨论会 clinical pathological conference 活体组织检查biopsy尸体剖检autopsy器官病理学organ pathology细胞病理学cellular pathology超微病理学ultrastructural pathology分子病理学molecular pathology免疫病理学immunopathology遗传病理学genetic pathology损伤injury基因突变gene mutation自溶autolysis萎缩atrophy自噬泡 autophagic vacuoles自噬溶酶体autolysosmes残留体 residual body变性 degeneration混浊肿胀 cloudy swelling水变性 hydropic degeneration空泡变性 vacuolar degeneration脂肪变性 fatty degeneration透明变性 hyaline degeneration吞饮作用 pinocytosis纤维素样变性fibrinoid degeneration粘液样变性mucoid degeneration粘液mucin类粘液 mucoid粘液水肿 myxedema淀粉样变amyloidosis含铁血黄素hemosiderin胆红素 bilirubin脂褐素 lipofuscin黑色素 melanin病理性钙化 pathological calcification 营养不良性钙化dystrophic calcification 坏死 necrosis核浓缩 pyknosis核碎裂 karyorrhexis核溶解 karyolysis失活组织 devitalize tissue凝固性坏死 coagulation necrosis干酪性坏死 caseation液化性坏死 liquefaction necrosis 溶解坏死 lytic necrosis脂肪坏死 fat necrosis坏疽 gangrene湿性坏疽 moist gangrene干性坏疽 dry gangrene气性坏疽 gas gangrene机化 organization代偿 compensation适应 adaptation再生 regeneration修复 repair肉芽组织 granulation tissue瘢痕组织 scar or cicatrix包裹 encapsulation创伤愈合 wound healing一期愈合 healing by first intention 二期愈合 healing by second intention 痂下愈合 healing under scab化生 metaplasia肠上皮化生 intestinal metaplasia充血 hyperemia淤血 congestion出血 hemorrhage淤点 petechiae淤斑 ecchymoses血栓形成 thrombsis血栓 thrombus再通 recanalization弥漫性血管内凝血 disseminated intravascular coagulation(DIC) 栓子embolus栓塞 embolism梗死 infarction贫血性梗死 anemic infarct出血性梗死 hemorrhagic infarct水肿 edema全身性水肿 anasarca腹水 ascites胸腔积水 hydrothorax心包腔积液 hydropericardium炎症 inflammation变质 alteration炎症介质 inflammatory mediator血管活性胺 vasoactive amines组织胺 histamine5-羟色胺(血清素) 5-hydroxytryptamine(serotonin) 激肽 kinin激肽原酶 kallikrein激肽原 kininogen缓激肽 bradykinin舒血管肽 kallidin补体系统 complement system前列腺素 prostaglandin渗出 exudation渗出液 exudate漏出液 transudate白细胞游出 emigration趋化性 chemotaxis吞噬作用 phagocytosis调理素 opsonin调理素化 opsonization表面吞噬作用 surface phagocytosis增生 proliferation超急性炎症 peracute inflammation急性炎症 acute inflammation慢性炎症 chronic inflammation亚急性炎症 subacute inflammation菌血症 bacteremia毒血症 toxemia败血症 septicemia脓毒血症 pyemia浆液性炎 serous inflammation纤维素性炎 fibrinous inflammation化脓性炎 purulent inflammation脓肿 abscess化脓 suppuration蜂窝织炎 phlegmonous inflammation 出血性炎 hemorrhagic inflammation卡他性炎 catarrhal inflammation肉芽肿性炎 granulomatous inflammation 炎性肉芽肿 inflammatory granuloma炎性息肉 inflammation polyp肿瘤 tumor肿瘤 neoplasia原位癌 carcinoma in situ组织发生 histogenesis异型性 atypia多形性 pleomorphism间变 anaplasia转移 metastasis恶病质 cachexia癌症 carcinoma肉瘤 sarcoma癌 cancer乳头状瘤 papilloma腺瘤 adenoma囊腺瘤 cystadenoma多形性腺瘤 pleomorphic adenoma鳞状细胞癌 squamous cell carcinoma基底细胞癌 basal cell carcinoma移行上皮癌 transitional cell carcinoma腺癌 adenocarcinoma粘液癌 mucold carcinoma实体癌 solid carcinoma(carcinoma solidum) 单纯癌 simple carcinoma硬癌 scirrhous carcinoma髓样癌 medullary carcinoma类癌 carcinoid嗜银细胞瘤 argentaffin tumorAPUD瘤 APUDoma非典型增生 dysplasia，atyical hyperplasia纤维瘤 fibroma脂肪瘤 lipoma血管瘤 hemangioma淋巴管瘤 lymphangioma平滑肌瘤 leiomyoma纤维肉瘤 fibrosarcoma脂肪肉瘤 liposarcoma横纹肌肉瘤 rhabdomyosarcoma骨肉瘤 osteosarcoma恶性血管内皮瘤 malignant hemangioendothelioma 恶性血管外皮瘤 malignant hemangiopericytoma 胶质瘤 glioma脑膜瘤 meningioma畸胎瘤 teratoma风湿病 rheumatism风湿热 rheumatic fever阿少夫小体 Aschoff body阿少夫细胞 Aschoff cell风湿性全心炎 rheumatic pancarditis风湿性心内膜炎 rheumatic endocarditis疣状赘生物 verrucous vegetation风湿性心肌炎 rheumatic myocarditis马氏斑 McCallum's plaque风湿性心外膜炎 rheumatic pericarditis缩窄性心包炎 constrictive pericarditis风湿性关节炎 rheumatic arthritis皮下结节 subcutaneous nodules细菌性心内膜炎 bacterial endocarditis溃疡性心内膜炎 ulcerous endocarditis恶急性细菌性心内膜炎 subacute bacterial endocarditis 心瓣膜病 valvular disease of the heart瓣膜关闭不全 valvular insufficiency瓣膜口狭窄 valvular stenosis二尖瓣狭窄 mitral stenosis二尖瓣关闭不全 mitral insufficiency高血压病 hypertension原发性高血压 essential hypertension症状性高血压 symptomatic hypertension良性高血压 benign hypertension恶性高血压 malignant hypertension动脉粥样硬化 atherosclerosis心绞痛 angina pectoris心肌梗死 myocardial infarct心肌软化 cardiac myomalacia室壁瘤 ventricular aneurysm附壁血栓形成 mural thrombosis心肌硬化 cardiac myosclerosis心肌病 cardiomyopathy心肌炎 myocarditis先天性心脏病 congenital heart disease慢性支气管炎 chronic bronchitis肺气肿 emphysema肺源性心脏病 Cor pulmonale透明膜 hyaline membrane肺炎 pneumonia大叶性肺炎 lobar pneumonia小叶性肺炎 lobular pneumonia(brochopneumonia) 支原性肺炎 mycoplasmal pneumonia原发性非典型性肺炎 primary atypical pneumonia(PAP) 支气管扩张症 bronchiectasis肺萎陷 atelectasis尘肺 pneumoconiosis矽肺 silicosis石棉肺 asbestosis间皮瘤 Mesothelioma农民肺 farmer's lung鼻咽癌 nasopharyngeal carcinoma肺癌 carcinoma of the lung燕麦细胞癌 oat cell carcinoma慢性胃炎 chronic gastritis慢性表浅性胃炎 chronic superficial gastritis 慢性萎缩性胃炎 chronic atrophic gastritis慢性肥厚性胃炎 chronic hypertrophic gastritis 肠上皮化生 intestinal metaplasia消化性溃疡 peptic ulcer胃泌素瘤 gastrinoma阑尾炎 appendicitis急性单纯性阑尾炎acute simple appendicitis急性蜂窝织炎性阑尾炎acute phlegmonous appendicitis急性坏疽性阑尾炎acute gangrnous appendicitis病毒性肝炎virus hepatitis气球样变 ballooning degeneration嗜酸性坏死 acidophilic necrosis毛玻璃样细胞 "ground glass" hepatocytes碎片状坏死 piecemeal necrosis桥接坏死 bridging necrosis肝硬化 cirrhosis of liver门脉性肝硬变 portal cirrhosis门脉高压 portal hypertension脾肿大 splenomegaly坏死后肝硬变 postnecrotic cirrhosis胆汗性肝硬变 biliary cirrhosis食管癌 carcinoma of esophagus胃癌 carcinoma of stomach恶性淋巴瘤 malignant lymphoma何杰金氏病 Hodgkin's disease非何杰金氏淋巴瘤 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma 蕈样霉菌病 mycosis fungoides白血病 leukemia绿色瘤 chloroma恶性组织细胞增生症 malignant histiocytosis 血管间质 mesangium免疫复合物 immune complex急性弥漫性增生性肾小球肾炎acute diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis急性肾炎综合症acute nephritic syndrome管型 cast，cylinder新月体性肾小球肾炎 crescentic glomerulonephritis膜性肾小球肾炎 membranous glomerulonephritis肾病综合症 nephrotic syndrome血管间质毛细血管性肾小球肾炎mesangiocapillary glomerulonephritis 轻微病变性肾小球肾炎 minimal change glomerulonephritis脂性肾病 lipoid nephrosis足突病 foot process disease慢性肾小球肾炎 chronic glomerulonephritis颗粒状固缩肾 granular contracted kidney尿毒症 uremia肾细胞癌 renal cell carcinoma肾母细胞瘤 nephroblastoma慢性子宫颈炎 chronic cervicitis子宫颈糜烂 cervical erosion子宫内膜增生症 endometrial hyperplasia子宫颈息肉 cervical polyp子宫颈癌 carcinoma of cervix uteri非典型增生 atypical hyperplasia子宫体癌 carcinoma of corpus uteri子宫腺肌瘤 adenomyoma uteri子宫腺肌病 adenomyosis uteri水泡状胎块 hydatidiform mole绒毛膜上皮癌 chorioepithelioma(chorioma) 粘液性囊腺瘤 mucinous cystadenoma浆液性囊腺瘤 serous cystadenoma囊腺癌 cystadenocarcinoma粒层细胞瘤 granulosa cell tumor卵泡膜细胞瘤 theca cell tumor无性细胞瘤 dysgerminoma胚胎性癌 embryonal carcinoma内胚窦瘤 endodermal sinus tumor纤维囊性乳腺病 fibrocystic disease of breast 乳腺癌 carcinoma of breast前列腺增生 hyperplasia of prostate精原细胞瘤 seminoma尿崩症 diabetes insipidus垂体腺瘤 pituitary adenoma嫌色细胞腺瘤 chromophobe adenoma嗜酸性细胞腺瘤 acidophile adenoma嗜碱性细胞腺瘤 basophile adenoma肢端肥大症 acromegaly颅咽管瘤 craniopharyngioma非毒性甲状腺肿 nontoxic goiter地方性甲状腺肿 endemic goiter结节性甲状腺肿 nodular goiter克汀病 cretinism粘液水肿 myxedema毒性甲状腺肿 toxic goiter突眼性甲状腺肿 exophthalmic goiter甲状腺炎 thyroiditis甲状腺瘤 adenoma of thyroid甲状腺癌 carcinoma of thyroid肾上腺皮质增生 adrenocortical hyperplasia 肾上腺皮质腺瘤 adrenocortical adenoma肾上腺皮质癌 adrenocortical carcinoma胰岛细胞瘤 islet-cell tumor神经细胞固缩 neuronal shrinkage噬神经细胞现象 neuronophagia卫星现象 satellitosis脑疝 brain herniation小脑扁桃体疝 cerebellar tonsilar herniation 脑积水 hydrocephalus化脓性脑膜炎 suppurative meningitis流行性脑膜炎 epidemic meningitis脑脓肿 cerebral abscess流行性乙型脑炎type B epidemic encephalitis脊髓灰质炎 poliomyelitis狂犬病 rabies恐水病 hydrophobia胶质瘤 glioma星形细胞瘤 astrocytoma多形性胶质母细胞瘤 glioblastoma multiforme 少突胶质细胞瘤 oligodendroglioma室管膜瘤 ependymoma菊形团 rosettes脉络丛乳头瘤 choroid plexus papilloma松果体瘤 pinealoma髓母细胞瘤 medulloblastoma脑膜瘤 meningioma砂粒小体 psammoma bodies神经母细胞瘤 neuroblastoma神经节细胞瘤 ganglioneuroma许旺氏细胞瘤 schwannoma神经鞘瘤 neurilemmoma听神经瘤 acoustic tumor神经纤维瘤 neurofibroma骨折愈合 fracture healing纤维性骨痂 fibrous callus病理性骨折 pathological fracture骨瘤 osteoma骨肉瘤 osteosarcoma软骨瘤 chondroma软骨肉瘤 chondrosarcoma破骨细胞瘤或骨巨细胞瘤 osteoclastoma，giant cell tumor of bone 尤文氏瘤 Ewing's tumor类风湿性关节炎 rheumatoid arthritis结核病 tuberculosis原发综合症 primary complex麻风 lepresy伤寒 typhoid fever细菌性痢疾 bacillary dysentery流行性出血热 epidemic hemorrhagic fever钩端螺旋体病 leptospirosis念珠菌病 candidiasis隐球菌病 cryptoccosis曲菌病 aspergillosis毛霉菌病 mucormycosis放线菌病 actinomycosis阿米巴病 amoebiasis血吸虫病 schistosomiasis丝虫病 filariasis华枝睾吸虫病 clonorchiasis sinensis 梅毒 syphilis病理生理学Pathophysiology 病理生理学Evidence based medicine 循证医学Homeostasis 机体自稳Invasiveness 侵袭力Antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素hyponatremia 低钠血症hypotonic dehydration 低渗性脱水water intoxication 水中毒hypernatremia 高钠血症hypertonic dehydration 高渗性脱水isotonic dehydration 等渗性脱水edema 水肿hydrops 积水transudate 漏出液exudate 渗出液hypokalemia 低钾血症paradoxical acidic/alkaline urine反常性酸/碱性尿parathormone 甲状旁腺素calcitonin 降钙素acid-base balance 酸碱平衡standard bicarbonate 标准碳酸氢盐actual bicarbonate 实际碳酸氢盐metabolic acidosis 代谢性酸中毒respiratory alkalosis 呼吸性碱中毒hypoxia 缺氧arterial partial pressure of oxygen动脉血氧分压oxygen content in blood 血氧含量oxygen saturation of Hb血红蛋白氧饱和度cyanosis 发绀hyperthermia 过热exogenous pyrogen 致热源ligand 配体G protein coupled receptor G蛋白耦联受体Apoptosis 凋亡Stress response 应激反应Acute phase protein 急性期蛋白Heat shock protein 热休克蛋白Ischemia-reperfusion injury 缺血-再灌注损伤Free radical 自由基No-reflow phenomenon 无复流现象Myocardial stunning 心肌顿抑Hemorrhagic shock 失血性休克Traumatic shock 创伤性休克Infectious shock 感染性休克Anaphylactic shock 过敏性休克Hypovolumic shock 低血容量性休克Cardiogenic shock 心源性休克Angiotensin 血管紧张素Disseminated intravascular coagulation DIC Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome MODS Schistocyte 裂体细胞Cardiac reserve 心里储备Volume load 容量负荷Ventricular remodeling 心室重塑Concentric hypertrophy 向心性肥大Eccentric hypertrophy 离心性肥大Tropomyosin 肌球蛋白Troponin 肌钙蛋白Ventricular compliance 心室顺应性Ejection fraction 射血分数Pulmonary edema 肺水肿Dyspnea on exertion 劳力性呼吸困难Orthopnea 端坐呼吸Glomerular filtration rate/GFR 肾小球滤过率Acute tubular necrosis/ATN 急性肾小管坏死Nor protein nitrogen/NPN 非蛋白氮Azotemia 氮质血症Hyposthenuria 低比重尿Uremia 尿毒症Restrictive hypoventilation 限制性通气不足Carbon dioxide narcosis 二氧化碳麻醉Pulmonary encephalopathy 肺性脑病免疫学AAccessibility 易接近性Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合征Acquired immunodeficiency disease AIDD 获得性免疫缺陷病Activation-induced cell death AICD 活化诱导的细胞死亡Acute rejection 急性排斥反应Adaptive immunity 适应性免疫Adjuvant 佐剂Affinity 亲和力Agglutination reaction 凝集反应Allele 等位基因Allergen 变应原Allergy 变态反应Allogenic antigen 同种异型抗原Allotype 同种异型Alpha-fetoprotein AFP 甲胎蛋白Alternative pathway 旁路（激活）途径Anaphylatoxin 过敏反应Anchor residue 锚定残疾Anergy 无能Antibody 抗体Antigen 抗原Antigen-presention 抗原提呈Antigenic determinant 抗原决定簇Antitoxin 抗毒素Autoimmunity 自身免疫Autologous transplantation 自体移植BBasophil 嗜碱性粒细胞Biotin 生物素CC1 inhibitor C1INH C1抑制物C3 convertase C3转化酶Carcinoembryonic antigen CEA癌胚抗原Carrier 载体Caspase 胱天蛋白酶Cell ashesion molecule CAM 细胞粘附分子Central tolerance 中枢（免疫）耐受Centroblast 中心母细胞Chemokine 趋化因子Chimeric antibody 嵌合抗体Chronic rejection 慢性排斥反应Cluster of differentiation CD 抗原分化群Colony-stimulating factor CSF 集落刺激因子Combined immunodeficiency disease 联合免疫缺陷病Common epitope 共同表位Complement 补体Co-signal molecule 共信号分子Coreceptor 辅助受体Constant region 恒定区，C区Cytokine 细胞因子Cytotoxid T cell 细胞毒性T细胞DDamage associated molecular patterns DAMP 损伤相关模式分子Defensin 防御素Dendritic cells DC 树突状细胞DNA vaccine DNA疫苗EEffector T cell 效应T细胞Endogenous antigen 内源性抗原Endosome 内体Eosinophil 嗜酸性粒细胞Epitope 表位Extracellular matrix ECM 细胞外基质Exogenous antigen 外源性抗原FFas-associated death domain protein,FADD Fas相关死亡结构域蛋白Flow cytometry FCM 流式细胞术Follicular DC 滤泡样DCFragment crystallizable 可结晶片段GGerminal center 生发中心Goodpasture’s syndrome 肺出血肾炎综合症Graft versus host reaction, GVHR 移植物抗宿主反应Granuloma 肉芽肿Granulysin 颗粒溶解素Granzyme 颗粒酶Gut-associated lymphoid tissue GALT tissue肠相关淋巴组织HHaplotype 单体型Hapten 半抗原High endothelial venule,HEV 高内皮微静脉Hinge region 铰链区Homologous restriction 同源限制性Human leukocyte antigen ,HLA人类白细胞抗原Humanized antibody 体液免疫应答。