备战2018年高考英语 纠错笔记系列 专题13 完形填空(含解析)

专题13 完形填空易错点1 熟词生义掌握不全面1.He looked surprised, but got right to work, trying to find the _________ tire.A. spareB. freeC. fullD. empty【错因分析】spare熟义是“抽出时间”。

【试题解析】在这篇文章中，spare意为“备用的”。

【参考答案】A2. Not too long ago, an incident that happened at Walt Disney touched me greatly.A guest told the front-desk clerkshe had had a wonderful vacation, but was heartbroken about losing several rolls of Kodak color film she had notyet _________.A. developedB. takenC. washedD. loaded【错因分析】develop熟义是“发展”。

【试题解析】film在此意为“胶片”，故选A，develop意为“冲印”。

【参考答案】A所谓“熟词生义”就是指有些词尽管我们认识，但出现在完形填空或者阅读理解中如果运用常见的含义来理解的话，会导致理解错误、文不对题、不知所云，这时我们就要换个角度运用这个词的特殊含义来理解。

平时要注意这些“熟词生义”的练习、巩固、背诵。

Just the other day, a fierce storm hit our community. I looked out the windowand witnessed a tree being ________ by the fierce winds.A. crushedB. abusedC. brokenD. removed【解析】abuse的熟义“谩骂，虐待”，但在文中是“摧残，蹂躏”。

【答案】B易错点2 忽视语境关系A Heroic DriverLarry works with Transport Drivers, Inc. One morning in 2009, Larry was 41 along 165 north after delivering to one of his customers.41. A. walking B. touring C. traveling D. rushing 【错因分析】考生容易忽视语境关系盲目选择自认为正确的某个选项。

【参考答案】C巧用语境推测法近几年高考英语完形填空题的最大特点是重点考查语境理解。

所谓语境，就是指文章上下文之间的联系，它包括文章语气的一致性、意思的连贯性、表述的合理性、论证的逻辑性等。

正因为完形填空题主要考查考生对语境的理解能力，所以空格的前后多有暗示（后文暗示前文的居多）。

考生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系，结合语境辨析所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。

During my fourth-grade Christmas break, we flew to Rio to visit her. Looking at herlarge apartment, I became aware of how lonely my mother must have beenin Brazil herself. It was then that I started to appreciate the tough choices she had to make on balancing family and work.A. comfortableB. expensiveC. emptyD. modern【解析】很多考生由于忽略了上下文的语境而误选A、D项。

由下文的“how lonely my mother must have been”可知，作者看到的是母亲住在空旷的公寓中。

【答案】C【名师点睛】完形填空中，若每题单独考虑，四个选项几乎均可成立，但完形填空考查的是在具体语境中对上下段、上下句乃至全文的整体理解和运用。

考生往往只见树木不见森林，忽略对上下文的全面考虑而草率误选某一选项。

完形填空所选文章是一个完整的语篇，因此考生在做题时必须结合上下文语境进行综合考虑。

考生在平时做题时应该把握好文章的主线和上下文的内在联系。

易错点3 忽视背景关系It had been a year since Susan became blind. As the result of an accident she was suddenly thrown into a world of darkness. Susan’s husband Mark watched her sink into hopelessness and he was determined to use every possible means to help his wife.Susan felt ready to return to her job, but how would she get there? She used to take the bus, but she now too frightend to get around the city by herself. Mark volunteered to ride the bus with Susan each morning and evening untill she could make it herself.For two weeks, Mark accompanied Susan to and from work each day. He taught her how to rely on her other , specially her hearing to determine where she was and how to adapt to her new environment.A. feelingsB. organsC. skillsD. senses 【错因分析】做此题时，考生很容易忽视前文的特定语境而误选。

【参考答案】D在解答这类完形填空时，考生要善于利用背景知识，也就是说利用文章所提供的上下文语境来解题。

本文是围绕一个盲人来写的，这就是一个特定的背景。

After ______ the British flag at the Pole, they took a photograph of themselves before they started the 950-mile journey back.A. growingB. puttingC. plantingD. laying 【解析】根据常识，南极地区冰雪覆盖，须费好大的劲将旗插进极地，plant在这里的意思是“安插”“插牢”。

【答案】C易错点4 忽视逻辑关系1. That holiday morning I didn’t have to attend school. Usually, on holidays, Mother allows me to sleep in. And Iwould certainly take full advantage of it. On this particular morning, _________, I felt like getting us early.A. otherwiseB. thereforeC. howeverD. besides【错因分析】考生可能会因弄不清空格所在处上下文的关系而误选。

【试题解析】该题后面的“getting us early”和前面的“sleep in”在行文上形成了对比，前后文之间为转折关系，故用however。

【参考答案】 C2. …My brother fans his friends were all fans…they all bought tickets for theperformance. However, at the last minute, one of the friends couldn’t go, so my brother ________ me the ticket. I was really excited!A. bookedB. offeredC. returnedD. found【错因分析】so 表示前后两部分存在因果关系，如果不注意这点就容易出现错误。

【参考答案】B考生在做这类题目时一定要很好的把握上下文的逻辑关系，掌握常见的几种表示转折、让步、条件、因果、并列等逻辑关系的词，再根据上下文语境判断出最佳答案。

1. Vitamins are similar because they are made of the same elements—usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen,and ________ nitrogen. They are different in that their elements are arranged differently, and each vitaminperforms one or more specific functions in the body.A. mostlyB. partlyC. sometimesD. rarely 【解析】短文中的usually和and是本题逻辑推理的线索。

And前后构成了并列关系，即and 前的 usually carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 这些维生素成分和and 后面的 nitrogen 成分形成并列关系，相应修饰 carbon, hydrogen, oxygen 的usually必然和修饰 nitrogen 的45空的词构成一一对应的逻辑关系。

鉴于此，在空格处考虑填入的应是和usually相对应的频度副词，而语义与usually略有不同。

mostly 和partly都表示了部分、量的含义，与频度无关。

rarely(很少地，罕有地)虽表示了频度关系，但其意义与usually相反，不符合一一对应的一致性，因此排除。

只有C项sometimes(不时，有时)恰到好处地表示了and前后两部分的逻辑对应。

【答案】C2. Not everyone sees that process in perspective. It is important to do so.It is generally recognized, _____, that the introduction of the computer in theearly 20th century, followed by the invention of the integrated circuit during the 1960s, radically changed the process, although its impact in the media was not immediately apparent.A. indeedB. henceC. howeverD. therefore【答案】C易错点5 忽视逻辑关系One afternoon, my son Adam asked me, “Are all people the same even if they are different in color?”I thought for a minute, and then I said, “I’ll explain, if you can just wait until we make a quick stop at the grocery store. I have something 1 to show you. ”At grocery store, we bought some apples —red, green and yellow ones. Back home, I told Adam, “It’s time to answer your question.” I put one apple of each 26 on the table. Then I looked at Adam, who had a 2 look on his face.1. A. expressive B. encouragingC. informativeD. interesting2. A. worried B. satisfiedC. proudD. curious【错因分析】做第1题时，考生容易脱离作者所要表达的思想情感而主观臆断，认为所展示之物一般都是富有表现力的，从而误选expressive。