新阳光教育2013年同等学力西医综合试题B卷及答案
新阳光教育：同等学力西医综合练习题之一
新阳光教育：同等学力西医综合练习题之一随着人们对医疗健康需求的日益增长，医学教育成为了备受的领域。
其中，同等学力西医综合考试作为衡量医学专业人员水平的重要标准，受到了广泛的。
为了帮助考生更好地备考，新阳光教育推出了一系列的西医综合练习题，以下是其中的一部分。
一、题型设计本练习题主要采用选择题形式，包括单选题和多选题。
单选题要求考生从四个选项中选择一个最佳答案，多选题则要求考生从多个选项中选择正确的答案。
题目难度适中，涵盖了基础医学、临床医学、药学、卫生管理等多个领域。
二、题目内容本练习题的题目内容涉及面广，既包括医学基础知识，如解剖学、生理学、病理学等，也包括临床医学知识，如内科学、外科学、妇产科学等。
同时，还涵盖了药学、卫生管理等方面的知识。
通过练习这些题目，考生可以全面了解同等学力西医综合考试的内容和要求。
三、解题方法对于单选题，考生可以采用排除法、比较法等技巧进行解题。
例如，对于一些明显不符合常识的选项，可以先行排除；对于一些相似的选项，可以通过比较它们之间的异同点来选择最佳答案。
对于多选题，考生可以采用求同存异法、关键词法等技巧进行解题。
例如，对于一些不确定的选项，可以先标记下来，等待后续处理；对于一些包含关键词的选项，可以通过寻找关键词来快速确定答案。
四、总结评价本练习题旨在帮助考生熟悉同等学力西医综合考试的题型和解题技巧，提高考生的应试能力。
通过练习这些题目，考生可以更好地了解自己的知识掌握情况，发现自己的不足之处，并及时进行改进和提高。
本练习题还可以作为考生备考过程中的参考书籍，帮助考生系统地复习和巩固医学知识。
新阳光教育的同等学力西医综合练习题旨在为考生提供全面的医学知识练习和应试技巧指导，帮助考生更好地备考和通过考试。
通过练习这些题目，考生可以全面了解同等学力西医综合考试的内容和要求，提高自己的知识水平和应试能力。
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2013年新阳光同等学力西医综合模考题二
2013年新阳光同等学力西医综合模考题二【A1型题】答题说明（1～70题）：每一道题下面都有A 、B 、C 、D 、E 5个备选答案。
在答题时，只许从中选择一个最合适的答案，写在答题纸上。
1、关于肺牵张反射的叙述，下列哪项是错误的：（ ）A. 感受器存在于支气管和细支气管的平滑肌层B. 传入纤维在迷走神经干中上行至延髓C. 促使吸气及时转入呼气D. 感受器接受肺扩张的刺激E. 正常人平静呼吸时，此反射对控制呼吸节律起重要的调节作用2、下列关于中枢化学感受器的叙述，哪些是正确的：（ ）A. 可直接感受CO2的变化B. 存在于延髓呼吸中枢C. 对脑脊液中H+浓度变化敏感D. 对脑脊液中氧张力变化不敏感E. 在机体低氧时维持对呼吸的驱动3、特异投射系统的主要功能是：（ ）A. 起特定感觉并激发大脑皮层发出神经冲动B. 维持和改变大脑皮层的兴奋状态C. 协调肌紧张D. 调节内脏功能E. 维持觉醒4、下列哪种激素可促进蛋白质分解：（ ）A. 生长激素B. 胰岛素C. 糖皮质激素D. 雄激素E. 雌激素5、肾小球滤过率是指：（ ）A. 两侧肾脏每分钟生成的原尿量B. 一侧肾脏每分钟生成的原尿量C. 两侧肾脏每分钟生成的尿量D. 一侧肾脏每分钟生成的尿量E. 两侧肾脏每分钟的血浆流量6、兴奋性突触后电位的产生，是由于突触后膜提高了对下列哪种离子的通透性：（ ）A ．Ca 2+、K +，尤其是Ca 2+B. C1-、K +，尤其是K +C ．K+、Na+、C1-D. Na+、C1-，尤其是C1-E ．Na+、K+，尤其是Na+7、声音传入内耳的主要途径是：（ ）A. 颅骨→耳蜗B. 外耳→鼓膜→鼓室空气→圆窗→内耳新阳光教育D. 外耳→鼓膜→听骨链→卵圆窗→内耳E. 外耳→鼓膜→鼓室空气→卵圆窗→内耳8、突触前抑制产生是由于：（ ）A. 突触前轴突末梢超极化B. 突触前轴突末梢去极化C. 突触后膜的兴奋性发生改变D. 突触后神经元超极化E. 突触前轴突末梢释放抑制性递质9、经测定，某患者的尿素清除率为70ml/min ，菊粉清除率为125ml/min ，两者有差异，表明该患者：（ ）A. 肾功能减退B. 肾小球滤过率降低C. 肾小管可以吸收尿素D. 肾小管重吸收功能降低E. 肾小管重吸收功能增强10、交感神经节前纤维释放的递质是：（ ）A ．去甲肾上腺素B ．肾上腺素C ．乙酰胆碱D ．神经肽YE ．5-HT11、通常电压数值稳定不变的生物电是：（ ）A. 动作电位B. 峰电位C. 局部电位D ．电紧张电位E. 静息电位12、促进肾小管分泌H+的因素是：（ ）A. 葡萄糖的重吸收B. K+的分泌C. NH3的分泌D. 肌酐的排泄E. 尿素的排泄13、人的基础代谢率与：（ ）A ．体重成正比B ．体重成反比C ．体表面积成正比D ．体表面积成反比E ．上述诸因素无关14、下列哪一项对血压具有双向调节能力：（ ）A ．压力感受性反射B. 化学感受性反射C. 心肺感受器反射D ．自身调节E. 肾素-血管紧张素系统活动新阳光教育15、正常人心率超过180次/分钟时，心输出量减少的原因主要是：（ ）A ．快速充盈期缩短B. 减慢充盈期缩短C. 等容收缩期缩短D ．减慢射血期缩短E. 快速射血期缩短16、新生儿溶血性贫血可能发生在：（ ）A. Rh 阳性母亲所生Rh 阳性婴儿B. Rh 阳性母亲所生Rh 阴性婴儿C. Rh 阴性母亲所生Rh 阳性婴儿D. Rh 阴性母亲所生Rh 阴性婴儿E. B 和C 都可能17、引起胆囊收缩素释放的最强刺激是：（ ）A ．胃酸B. 蛋白水解产物C. 脂肪及水解产物D ．扩张小肠上部E. 迷走神经兴奋18、引起胰泌素释放的最强刺激是：（ ）A ．胃酸B. 蛋白水解产物C. 脂肪及水解产物D ．扩张小肠上部E. 迷走神经兴奋19、真核生物蛋白质合成过程中，与肽链延长转位有关的因子是：（ ）A. EF-1B. EF-2C. EF-3D. EF-GE. IF20、氯霉素可抑制原核生物的蛋白质合成，其机制为：（ ）A. 特异地抑制肽链延长因子2(EF-T2）的活性B. 与核糖体的大亚基结合，抑制转肽酶活性，而阻断翻译延长过程C. 间接活化一种核酸内切酶使tRNA 降解D. 活化一种蛋白激酶，从而影响启动因子（IF ）磷酸化E. 阻碍氨基酰-tRNA 与小亚基结合21、转录因子是：（ ）A. RNA 聚合酶的亚基B. RNA 聚合酶 Ⅰ 的亚基C. RNA 聚合酶 Ⅱ 的亚基D. RNA 聚合酶 Ⅲ 的亚基E. 真核基因转录起始所必需的非 RNA 聚合酶蛋白质22、CTD （C 端结构域）存在于：（ ）A ．RNA 聚合酶Ⅰ的C 端B ．RNA 聚合酶Ⅱ的C 端C ．RNA 聚合酶Ⅲ的C 端D ．RNA 聚合酶Ⅱ最大亚基的C 端E ．RNA 聚合酶Ⅲ最大亚基的C 端新阳光教育23、受体酪氨基酸激酶包括：（ ）A ． 嗅神经元受体B ． 视杄细胞受体C ． 促甲状腺素受体D ． 胰高血糖素受体E ． 胰岛素受体24、下列哪一项不是原癌基因激活的机制：（ ）A. 染色体DNA 扩增B. 插入失活C. 获得启动子与增强子D. 点突变E. 染色体易位25、目前下列哪类疾病基因治疗效果最确切：（ ）A. 单基因遗传病B. 多基因遗传病C. 恶性肿瘤D. 感染性疾病E. 自身免疫性疾病26、下列哪种物质能使蛋白质的酪氨酸残基发生磷酸化：（ ）A. PKAB. PKCC. 生长因子受体D. 类固醇激素受体E. PKG27、符合DNA 双螺旋结构的正确描述是：（ ）A. 两股螺旋链相同B. 两股链平行，走向相同C. 脱氧核糖核酸和磷酸骨架位于双链外侧D. 螺旋的螺距为0.54nm ，每周含3.6对碱基E. 两股螺旋链所在平面相互垂直28、现有一DNA 片段，它的顺序为3'……ATTCAG……5'，转录生成的RNA 序列应是：（ ）A ． 5'……GACUUA……3'B ． 5'……AUUCAG……3'C ． 5'……UAAGUC……3'D ． 5'……CTGAAT……3'E ． 5'……ATTCAG……3'29、下列关于“基因表达”概念的叙述，错误的是：（ ）A ．基因表达具有组织特异性B ．基因表达具有阶段特异性C ．基因表达均经历基因转录及翻译过程D ．某些基因表达产物是蛋白质分子E ．有些基因表达水平受环境变化影响30、乳糖操纵子中的i 基因编码产物是：（ ）A ．p 半乳糖苷酶B ．透酶新阳光教育D ．一种激活蛋白E ．一种阻遏蛋白31、以下哪种氨基酸是含硫的氨基酸：（ ）A. 赖氨酸B. 谷氨酸C. 亮氨酸D. 蛋氨酸E. 甘氨酸32、生理pH 条件下，下列哪种氨基酸带正电荷：（ ）A. 酪氨酸B. 甘氨酸C. 精氨酸D. 色氨酸E. 谷氨酸33、氨基酸与蛋白质共有的性质是：（ ）A. 胶体性质B. 沉淀反应C. 变性性质D. 两性解离E. 双缩脲性质34、心肌中富含的LDH 同工酶是：（ ）A. LDH 1B. LDH 2C. LDH 4D. LDH 3E. LDH 535、关于酶原激活的叙述，下列哪项是正确的：（ ）A. 通过酶蛋白与辅助因子结合而实现B. 其实质是活性中心的形成或暴露C. 通过酶蛋白与别构激活剂结合而实现酶原激活D. 其生理意义是避免活性酶过多而浪费酶蛋白E. 酶原激活时无构象的改变36、如果有一酶促反应其〔S 〕=1/2Km ，则v 值应等于多少Vmax ：（ ）A ．0.25B ．0.33C ．0.50D ．0.67E ．0.7537、下述哪项肝细胞的病理改变与乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染有关：（ ）A. 细胞内大量糖原沉积B. 核内出现假包含体C. 光面内质网大量增生D. 前角蛋白细丝聚集E. 糙面内质网增多38、关于化生的叙述，下列哪项是错误的：（ ）A. 是机体组织的适应性反应B. 是向成熟的、性质相似的细胞转化C. 是未分化细胞向另一细胞方向分化所致新阳光教育E. 细胞转化过程是已分化的细胞直接转化为另一种细胞39、肉眼观察肉芽组织呈颗粒状是由于：（ ）A. 炎症细胞灶性集聚B. 新生的毛细血管呈团块状C. 新生的毛细血管呈袢状弯曲状D. 巨噬细胞的灶性集聚E. 纤维母细胞形成过多40、心房纤颤时，左心房内的球形血栓是：（ ）A. 混合性血栓B. 白色血栓C. 红色血栓D. 透明血栓E. 延续性血栓41、引起肺出血性梗死的主要原因是：（ ）A. 肺静脉阻塞，肺动脉淤血，侧枝循环不能建立B. 左心衰竭，肺静脉回流受阻C. 肺动脉阻塞，肺静脉压增高，支气管动脉供血不足，侧枝循环不能建立D. 肺动脉及支气管动脉同时阻塞E. 肺静脉及支气管动脉同时阻塞42、下述炎症中哪种不属肉芽肿性炎症：（ ）A. 麻风B. 霉菌感染C. 手术缝线慢性炎症反应D. 粟粒性肺结核E. 阿米巴病43、急性细菌性痢疾的典型肠道病变性质是：（ ）A. 化脓性炎症B. 卡他性炎症C. 假膜性炎症D. 出血性化脓性炎症E. 蜂窝织炎44、下列哪种甲状腺癌的预后最差：（ ）A. 髓样癌B. 乳头状腺癌C. 滤泡性癌D. 巨细胞型未分化癌E. 嗜酸性细胞腺癌45、急性纤维素炎时病灶中不见下列哪项：（ ）A. 大量纤维素B. 中性粒细胞C. 坏死的细胞碎屑D. 病原体E. 大量纤维母细胞46、关于慢性萎缩性胃炎的病理特点，下列哪项是错误的：（ ）新阳光教育B. 腺体变小，并可有囊性扩张C. 肠上皮化生D. 胃粘膜充血水肿，有点状出血或糜烂E. 壁细胞和主细胞消失47、用于鉴别COPD 和支气管哮喘的试验是：（ ）A. 过敏原试验B. 支气管激发试验C. 低氧激发试验D. 运动试验E. 支气管舒张试验48、仰卧位时，吸入性肺脓肿最常见的部位是：（ ）A. 左上叶后段和舌叶B. 左下叶基底段C. 右上叶后段和下叶背段D. 右下叶基底段E. 右中叶49、开放性气胸急救处理时应立即：（ ）A. 胸穿B. 闭式引流C. 加压吸氧D. 封闭胸部创口E. 清创缝合术50、十二指肠溃疡的发病主要是因为：（ ）A. 胃酸、胃蛋白酶等侵袭因素增强B. 黏膜屏障减弱C. 黏膜血流量减低D. 细胞更新能力减弱E. 表皮生长因子减少51、好发于中老年的原发性肾病综合征的病理类型是：（ ）A. 微小病变型肾病B. 系膜增生性肾小球肾炎C. 系膜毛细血管性肾小球肾炎D. 膜性肾病E. 局灶性节段性肾小球硬化52、链球菌感染后急性肾小球肾炎与IgA 肾病的根本 不同是：（ ）A. 链球菌感染史B. 病程长短C. 起病缓急D. 尿检异常E. 肾脏组织病变53、与类风湿性关节炎活动无关的是：（ ）A. 晨僵B. 关节畸形C. 类风湿结节D. 血沉增快新阳光教育54、哪项在严重的原发性血小板减少性紫癜患者中最常见到：（ ）A. BT 延长B. CT 延长C. 束臂试验阴性D. 血小板功能正常E. 骨髓巨核细胞数减少55、洋地黄治疗心力衰竭的机制，下列哪项不正确：（ ）A. 抑制心肌细胞钠-钾-ATP 酶B. 促进Na+-Ca2+交换C. 降低SNS 和RAS 的活性D. 提高细胞内Ca2+水平E. 具有正性肌力作用及正性松弛作用56、增生型肠结核的最常见症状是：（ ）A. 腹泻B. 便秘C. 腹泻与便秘交替出现D. 盗汗E. 消瘦57、下述哪项不是稳定型心绞痛患者发作时的典型体征表现：（ ）A. 血压下降B. 心率加快C. 第二心音逆分裂D. 出现第四心音奔马律E. 一过性心尖部收缩期杂音58、哪项符合原发性高血压高度危险组标准：（ ）A. 高血压2级伴1个危险因素者B. 高血压2级伴2个危险因素者C. 高血压2级伴靶器官损害D. 高血压1～2级伴3个危险因素者E. 高血压3级59、胃手术后,开始进流质饮食的时间是：（ ）A. 腹痛消失后B. 病人思食C. 恶心、呕吐消失后D. 肛门排气后E. 体温在37.5℃以下60、手术前常规禁食的主要目的：（ ）A. 避免胃膨胀而妨碍手术B. 防止术期(术前、中、后)的呕吐及误吸C. 防止术后腹胀D. 防止术后肠麻痹E. 防止术后便秘61、感染性休克主要由于：（ ）A ．革兰阳性细菌产生内毒素引起B ．革兰阴性细菌释放外毒素引起新阳光教育D ．革兰阴性细菌释放内毒素引起E. 革兰阳性细菌荚膜引起62、对急性肾功能衰竭造成死亡的常见电解质紊乱是：（ ）A ．高血钾B ．高血磷C ．低血钙D ．低血钠E. 高血钙63、对高危人群进行检查以发现和诊断早期肺癌，最常用的方法是：（ ）A ．经胸壁穿刺活组织检查B ．放射性核素扫描检查C ．胸部X 线检查D ．痰细胞学检查E ．支气管镜检查64、二重感染是指什么：A. 多种细菌引起的感染B. 多种致病微生物引起的感染C. 特殊厌氧菌引起的感染D. 使用抗菌素后，原来的病菌被制止，但耐药的菌株大量繁殖，使病情加重E. 结核继发化脓菌引起的感染65、手指夹纸试验阳性是检查：（ ）A. 桡神经B. 尺神经C. 正中神经D. 蚓状肌E. 骨间肌66、诊断丹毒最有意义的临床表现是：（ ）A. 头前、畏寒、高热B. 好发部位C. 色鲜红界限清楚D. 局部发生水泡E. 所属淋巴结肿大67、手术中输血后，发现手术野渗血不止和低血压，最可能是出现了哪种输血并发症：（ ）A. 过敏反应B. 细菌污染反应C. 循环超负荷D. 溶血反应E. 高钾血症68、器官移植术后，临床上最常用的抗急性排斥的药物是：（ ）A. 长春新碱B. 环磷酰胺C. 单克隆抗体D. 环孢素 AE. 硫唑嘌呤新阳光教育69、血栓闭塞性脉管炎早期最主要的临床表现是：（ ）A ．患肢趾端发黑、干瘪B ．患肢麻木、发凉，轻度间歇性破行C ．患肢发生坏疽、溃疡D ．患肢皮肤出现紫斑、潮红E ．患肢小腿肌萎缩，足背，胫后动脉搏动消失70、骨软骨瘤的临床表现为：（ ）A. 生长较快，伴明显疼痛B. 肿块明显，表面皮肤有静脉怒张C. X 线可见骨膜反应D. 本身无症状，但可压迫周围组织，影响功能E. 肿物与周围界线不清【A2型题】答题说明（71～100题）：每一道考是以一个病例或一种复杂情况出现的，其下面都有A 、B 、C 、D 、E 5个备选答案。
2013年西医综合试题解析
2013年西医综合试题解析35.RNA编辑所涉及的过程是A.RNA合成后的加工过程B.RNA聚合酶识别模板的过程 C.DNA指导的RNA合成过程 D.tRNA反密码对密码的识别过程36.下列关于原核生物蛋白质合成的叙述，正确的是A.一条mRNA编码几种蛋白质B.释放因子是eRFC.80S核蛋白体参与合成D.核内合成，胞液加工37.原核生物基因组的特点是A.核小体是其基本组成单位B.转录产物是多顺反子C.基因的不连续性D.线粒体DNA为环状结构38.下列涉及G蛋白偶联受体信号的主要途径是A.cAMP-PKA信号途径B.酪氨酸激酶受体信号途径C.雌激素-核受体信号途径D.丝/苏氨酸激酶受体信号途径39.下列可以导致原癌基因激活的机制是A.获得启动子B.转录因子与RNA结合C.抑癌基因的过表达D.p53蛋白诱导细胞凋亡40.目前基因治疗主要采用的方式是A.对患者缺陷基因进行重组B.提高患者的DNA合成能力C.调整患者DNA修复的酶类D.将表达目的基因的细胞输入患者体内41.在下列病变中，含铁血黄素主要出现在A.肺褐色硬化B.小叶性肺炎C.ARDSD.间质性肺炎42.镜下坏死组织结构的轮廓消失，呈现一片嗜酸性颗粒状物，其坏死类型是A.凝固性坏死B.液化性坏死C.干酪样坏死D.脂肪坏死45在伤口愈合时，对增加伤口愈合强度起主要做作用的是A成纤维细胞B毛细血管C细胞外基质D良好的血供NBF答案：C很多人会选A注意，答案是C46发生在下列不同部位的纤维蛋白性炎症中，属于假膜性炎症的是A 心包膜B胸膜C关节滑膜D肠黏膜NBF答案：D47下列选项中，符合肿瘤间变概念的是A良恶性肿瘤之间的形态改变B肿瘤细胞的去分化C肿瘤发生过程中的一种癌前病变D肿瘤亲子代之间的遗传特性继承NBF答案：B这个知识点在4版书上面有出现过，7版是没有讲的48下列原癌基因中，以点突变为主要激活方式成为癌基因的是A ras B PDGF C cyclijn D myc49在恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断中，免疫组织化学染色角蛋白阳性，波形蛋白阴性，该肿瘤为A癌B肉瘤C黑色素瘤D神经内分泌肿瘤50在下列癌前病变中，癌变几率最高的是A结节性肝硬化B黏膜白斑C结肠腺瘤性息肉病D未降睾丸77..男性，50岁。
2013同等学力英语真题及答案解析
[B绝密★启用前2013年同等学力人员申请硕士学位外国语水平全国统一考试英语试卷一AENGLISH QUALIFICATION TEST FOR MASTER-DEGREE APPLICANTSPart I Oral Communication (15 minutes, 10 points) Part II Vocabulary(10 minutes, 10 points)Part III Reading Comprehension (45 minutes, 25 points) Part IVCloze(10 minutes, 10 points) Part V Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points) Part VI Translation (20 minutes, 10 points) Part VIIWriting(30 minutes, 15 points)考试须知1. 本考试共150分钟。
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Part1 Oral Communication(10 points)Section ADirections:In this section there are two incomplete dialogues and each dialogue has three blanks and three choices A,B and C,taken from the dialogue.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the dialogue and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Dialogue OneA.It sounds like a flu.B.I also advise resting for a couple of days.C.Boy,when it rains,it pours.Doctor:What has been bothering you?Patient:I have a s tuffy nose and a sore throat.Plus,I’ve been coughing a lot. 1Doctor:Any stomach pains?Patient:Actually,yes.My stomach”s been upset for a few days.Doctor:_ 2 It’s been going around lately.Patient:Anything I can do for it?Doctor:I’ll prescribe some medicines for you to take 3Patient:Docs that mean I shouldn’t go to work?Doctor:Only when you fool up to it.You should stay home for at least a day or two.Dialogue TwoA.So,what are you going to do with the money?B.You have lots of money.C.How much do I owe you?Joshua:Dad.Allowance day.Can I have my allowance ?Father:Oh.I forgot about that.Joshua:You ALWAYS forget.Father:I guess I do 4Joshua:Just$13.Father:Well,I’m not sure if I have that much.Joshua:Go to the bank 5Father:Lots of money,uh?Uh,well,I think the bank is closed.Joshua:Then,what about your secret money jar under your bed?Father:Oh,I guess I could do that. 6Joshua:I’m going to put some in saving,give some to the poor people,and use the rest to buy books.Father:Well,that sounds great,Joshua.Section BDirections:In this section there is one incomplete interview which has four blanks and four choices A,B,C,and D,taken from the interview.Fill in each of the blanks with one of the choices to complete the interview and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A.Nationalities stay in their own areas.B.People don’t queue like they do here in England.C.What I liked best was that I could work and still lead a normal life.D.Some supermarkets are open twenty-four hours a day.Interviewer:How long did you live in the States?Interviewee:I was there for two years,in New York,and I enjoyed it tremendously. 7 I mean,the shops are open till 10:00p.m.Interviewer:All shops?Interviewee:Yes,everything.Food shops,chemists,and department stores. 8 And on public holidays,only the banks are shut.Interviewer:I see,emn...Do you think New York is as multinational as London?Interviewee:Oh,that’s for sure.But it’s not as mixed 9 like there’s Russian section,the German section and China Town.But I think the major difference between these two cities was the height of the place.Everything was up in the Big Apple.We lived on the thirty-fifth floor.And of course everything is faster and the New Yorks are much ruder.Interviewer:Oh!In what way?Interviewee:Well,pushing in the street,fights about getting on the bus, 10 And of course the taxi drivers!New York taxi drivers must be the rudest in the world！Part II Vocabulary(10points)Directions:In this part there are ten sentences,each with one word or phrase underline.Choose the one from the four choices marked A,B,C and D that best keeps the meaning of the sentences.Mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.11.I read the newspaper every day so that I can stay informed about current events.A.importantB.internationaltestD.cultural12.After seven days in the desert,the explorer was relieved when he eventually found water.A.predictablyB.finallyC.luckilyD.accidentally13.When we gave the children ice cream,they immediately ceased crying.A.startedB.continuedC.resumedD.stopped14.The science teacher demonstrated the process of turning solid gold into liquid.A.showedB.elaboratedC.devisedD.simplified15.John’s application for admission to graduate studies in the School of Education has been a pproved.A.entranceB.acceptanceC.experienceD.allowance16.Most college students in the United States live away from home.A.apartB.downC.elsewhereD.along17.The pursuit of maximum profit often drives manufacturers to turn out things that can do harm to people’s beath.A.preserveB.promoteC.processD.produce18.Many different parts make up an airplane:the engine(s),the wings,the tail,and so on.poseB.decorateC.constructD.derive19.You make it sound as if I did it on purpose.A.carefullyB.unwillinglyC.incrediblyD.deliberately20.He could never have foreseen that one day his books would sell in millions.A.understoodB.explainedC.expectedD.believedPart III Reading Comprehension (25 points)Section ADirections:In this section there are four passages followed by question or unfinished statements,each with four suggested answer A,B,C and D .Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage OneFive or six years ago,I attended a lecture on the science of attention.A philosopher who conducts research in the medical school was talking about attention blindness,the basic feature of the human brain that,when we concentrate intensely on one task,causes us to miss just about everything else.Because we can’t see what we can’t see,our lecturer was determined to catch us in the act.He had us watch a video of six people tossing basketballs back and forth ,three in which shirts and three in black,and our lask was to keep track only of the tosses among the people in which.The tape rolled,and everyone began counting.Everyone except me.I’m dyslexic,and the moment I saw that grainy tape with the confusing bas ketball tossers,I knew I wouldn’t be able to keep track of their movements,so I let my mind wander.My curiosity was aroused,though,when about 30 seconds into the tape,a gorilla came in among the players.She(we later learned a female student was in the gorilla suit) stared at the camera,thumped her chest,and then strode away while they continued passing the balls.When the tape stopped,the philosopher asked how many people had counted at least a dozen basketball tosses.Hands went up all over.He then asked wh o had counted13,14,and congratulated those who’d scored the perfect15.Then he asked,“And who saw the gorilla?”I raised my hand and was surprised to discover I was the only person at my table and one of only three or four in the large room to do so .He’d set us up,Itapping us in our own attention blindness.Yes,there had been a trick ,but he wasn’t the one who had played it on us.By concentrating so hard on counting,we had managed to miss the gorilla in the midst.21.This passage describesA.a basketball matchB. An experimentC.a philosopherD.a gorilla22.“Attention blindness”refers toA.the fact that one can’t see what one can’t seeB.Seeing one thing while missing all elseC.Keeping track of just about everyingD.The condition of being blind to details23.“Catch us in the act”(Para.1)is closest in meaning to“find us ”A.doing something improperB.sleeping during the lectureC.counting the basketball tossesD.failing to notice something within sight24.How many people in the room saw the gorilla in the video?A.1B.3or 4C.13or 14D.1525.Whom does “he ”(last paragraph)refer to ?A.The authorB.The gorillaC.The lecturerD.The studentPassage TwoThere are few sadder sights than 8 pile of fan letters ,lovingly decorated with hand drawings,suffering in a bin,The sparkly envelopes were addressed to Taylor Swift,a pop star much beloved by teenage and pre-teen girls.“Dear Taylor,”read one discarded message ,”I love you so much !!You are the best!!And you are really beautiful and cute !! I’m really enjoying your songs.”This along with hundreds of other similor letters sent from around the world,was discovered in a Nashville recycling disposal unit by a local woman,Swift’s management was quick to reassure her admitery that they had been thouwn out accidentally . The response may come as a disappointment to any devotee who imagines,as they compose their letters ,that Swift makes time to view each one personally .Dealing with piles of lars mail is ,however,an administrative burden for most celebrities.While some celebrities do like to go through their mail personally ,the majority simply do not have time .But the fate of their correspondence is something most commitred fans will not wish and well on ,says Lynn Zubermis ,an expect in the psychology of London at West Chester University.“There’s this little bit of every fan that thinks their will be the one that stands but---it’s not an expectation ,but a hope that theirs will be seen by the celebrity.”While the relationship between the fan and the celebrity may exist only in the mind of the farmer,it’s stems from a sleeply-rooted human next for community and belonging,Zucrms believes.As a result ,even receiving,a mass-producexl letter of acknowledgement and a photo stumped with a reproduced signature can be a power experietice .“People have a tremendous need to connect with the person they are idolising ( 偶像化)”she says .“They can’t them up and say,”Can we have coffee?”It’s not about the autograph( 签名）.It’s about the moment of conn ection .”26.which of the following statements is true ?A.The letters in the bin were exaggeratingB.Some letters to Swift were thrown away unread.C.A woman discovered the letters and discarded them.D.Poorly decorated letters were left unread.27.Swift’s manger ment claimed that .A.Swift had read each one of lettersB.Fans could trust them with their lettersC.They were quick in response to the incidentD.They did not internal to thraw away the letters28.Most celebritiesA.are too busy to read fan mail.B.Are afraid of receiving fan mail.C.Try their best to read fan mail themselvesD.Cute about the lute of fan mail29.According to Zubernis , fans want their letters to be read because they .A.hope to show their hand drawingsB.want the celebrities to see their talentC.desire to get connected with the starsD.dream of getting a photo of the stars30.Which of the following will fans cherish the most?A.The feeling of being related to their starsB.The sense of being similar to their starsC.The time spent with their starsD.The autograph of their starsPassage ThreeFacelift( 紧肤术) followed by a week on a beach in Thailand? Hip surgery with a side of shopping in Singapore? Over the last 10 years, Asia’s rise on the medical tourism scene has been quick. Eastern nations dominate the global scene. Now Bali wants a slice of the action.The Indonesian island recently opened its first facility specifically targeting medical tourists with packages and services, Bali international Medical Centre (BIMC) Nusa Dua. BIMC already has an international hospital in Kuta , which opened in 1998.The new internationally managed facility offers surgical and non-surgical cosmetic procedures and dental care.Unlike most of the region’s hospitals, BIMC is designed to feel more like a spa or resort( 度假村) than a medical facility..The 50-bed hospital has a 24-hour medical emergency entrance and hotel-like lobby at the front of the building servicing the hospital’s medical , and dental centers.If you’re a celebrity who doesn’t want everyone to know you’re here for a bit of lipo(吸脂术)，no worries. There’s a p rivate entrance that leads to the CosMedic Centre ,which offers views of a golf course.BIMC has even teamed up with the nearby Courtyard by Marriott Bali, which provides specific after-care services like tailor-made meals and wellness programs for patients.Latest technology and cool interiors are a start, but breaking into a regional industry that already has some of the worlds top international hospitals will be tough, says Josef-Woodman, CEO of U.S.-based medical travel consumer guide Patients Beyond Borders(PBB).“As a newcomer,Bali faces stiff competition from nearby international healthcare providers.To compete,Bali will to demonstrate a quality level of care and promote its services to the region and the world .On the positive side,Bali is blessed as one of the region’s safest ,most popular tourist destinations,with a built -in potential to attract medical travelers.”The lndonesian island could’t have picked a better time to get into the game,says PBB.”The world population is aging and becoming weather at rates that surpass the availability of quality healthcare resources ,”says the company’s research.31.w hat does “medical tourism:(para 1)probably mean?A.Trcating a disease during a tripB.Attracting patients with package tours.C.Cosmetic treatment and a tour in one.D.Turning hospitals into tourist attractions.32.H ow does BLMC differ from regular hospitals?A.I t offers cosmctic surgery.B.I t has better environment and services.C.I t accepts international patients.D.I t has more beds and longer service hours.33.B IMC wishes to attract celebrities with its .A.privacy measuresB.first -class designC.free golf courseD.tailor-made meals34.According to Woodman ,BIMC .A.threatens its regional competitor.B.will soon take the led in the industry.C.needs further improvement.D.faces both challenges and opportunities.35.What can be concluded from the last paragraph?A.The population is developing faster than medical resources.B.Healthcare is hardly available for the aging population .C.The world is in need of more quality medical care.D.The world population is becoming older and richer.Passage FourFor many of us, asking for help is it difficult concept. We may feel as if we are admitting a weakness that the world would not have known about, had we not asked for help.Ironically, it’s been my experience that people who are able to deliver well-positioned requests for help are seen as very strong individuals. When they demonstrate the humility ( 谦卑)to ask for help, they carn the respect of others. People who receive a heartfelt request for help are usually honored by the request. In turn we are strengthened by the very help that is provided.One of my clients (we’ll call her Kira) recently made a shift in how she wa s interacting with her boss. When asked to prepare presentations, she assumed that she was expected to go away, develop the content , deliver it at the required meeting and then wait for feedback from her boss. Her boss was highly regarded for the impact of his presentations, while Kira often felt that her presentations were lacking. When she took a hard look at how this approach was working for her. Kira recognized that she had not yet made use of her boss’s support. She could learn far more about creating attractive presentations by walking through a draft with her boss—focusing on the content plus her delivery—and obtaining feedback earlier in the process rather than at the back end .So she made the request for his support.The outcome? Her boss was delighted to coach Kira and was enthusiastic about the opportunity to put into use his own strength by teaching presentation skills more effectively to her. By taking the time to work together on preparation for a number of Kira’s key presentations, she benefited from her boss’s thought process and was able to distinguish the critical compoments to enhance her own presentations. Kira’s presentations now have punch!Some of us are uncomfortable asking for help because we believe that our request places burdens on the other person. Ironically, we may be missing an opportunity to show others how we value and respect them. People who know you and think well of you are often highly motivated to help. Furthermore, the more specific you can be about what you need from them, the easier it is for them to assist you.36.Many people are unwilling to ask for help because theyA. are confident of themselvesB. do not trust other peopleC. are ashamed of doing soD. do not think it necessary37.Which of the following may the author agree with?A .Asking for help means admitting weaknesses.B.Helping others is helping oneself.C.Well-positioned requests for help are welcomed.D.Weak people often need more help.38 .Kira’s request for helpA. turned out rewardingB. was turned downC. led to her promotion C. benefited her boss in return39.“Kirs’s presentations now have punch”means her presentations areA. ForcefulB. ControversialC. well receivedD. highly motivating40.The purpose of the passage is toA. illustrate how to ask for helpB. show the importance of mutual helpC. call for attention to others’ requestsD. encourage people to ask for helpSection BDirections: In this section, you are required to read one quoted blog and the comments on it. The blog and comments are followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers A,B,C and D. Choose the best answer and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.A fascinating n ew study reveals that Americans are more likely to call their children “intelligent”. while European parents focus on happiness and balance.Here’s what one parent had to say about the intelligence of her 3-year –old, which was apparent to her from the very first moments of her life.“I have this vivid memory, when she was born of them taking her to clean her off. And she was looking all around. She was alert from the very first second. I look her out when she was six weeks old to a shopping mall to have her picture taken people would stop me and say:“What an alert baby.”One guy stopped me and said,“Lady, she was on intelligent baby.”Not only are Americans far more likely to focus on their children’s intelligence and cognative skills, they are also far l ess likely to describe them as “happy” or “easy” children to parent.“The U.S. unhealthy interest in cognitive development in the early years overlooks so much else” the researchers told us.Comment1:Probably indicates more about difference in cultural attitudes towards humility and boasting than about parenting styles. Here in the Netherlands if someone called their child “intelligent” I’d be rolling my eyes, both because it’s probably biased and overstated and because it’s just a rotten thing to draw attention to, as if it’s all about whose child is “better”. Life isn’t than much of a damn contest to us.Comment2:Agreed! That would apply in Sweden too. Parenting is more focused on the child’s well-being than social competition (there may be pressures here too, but it is not socially acceptable to express those things).Comment3:I agree and I live in the U.S. Parents’ opinions of their children’s intellect are definitely biased and overstated. It is the most annoying thing to listen to. Beijing “advanced” at a young age has little if anything to dowith their ability to learn as they get older and EVERY child is a genius if you give them a chance and an ear to listen to them. The happier the kid is, the smarter they will be. Happy and healthy is key.41.The passage is mainly concerned with cultural differences inA. bringing up one’s childrenB. describing one’s childrenC. social contestD. choosing a place to live in42.The word “alert” (para.3) is closest in meaning to“”A. intelligentB. easy-goingC. quick at noticing thingsD. happy43.According to Comment1,in ten Netherlands, calling one’s own child “intelligent” isA. boastingB. acceptableC. encouragingD. reasonable44.What nationality is the writer of Comment2?A. DutchB. AmericanC. SwedishD. French45.All of the following are true of Comment 3 EXCEPT thatA.it agrees with all the other commentsB.being happy and healthy is importantC.being intelligent at a young makes no senseD.children’s intellect varies from person to personPart IV Cloze (10 minutes, 10 points)Directions: In this part, t here is a passage with ten blanks . For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best for each blank and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Riding a bike is good exercise and great fun. But what do you do with a bike after you outgrow it? Nicole Basil, 12, has a terrific answer to this question. When she was 8 years old, she 46 Pedal Power. It is a charity that collects bikes that kids have outgrown and donates them to Chicago public schools.Since 2008, Nicols has collected and donated more than 1000 bikes. 47 the bicycles, Pedal Power supplied riders with 400 helmets（头盔）last year. “It is important to ride 48 on a bike, and helmets are a big part of that, ” Nicols says. The Wilmette Bicycle & Sport Shop helps to 49 that all donated bikes are safe to ride. Each bike receives a five-minute 50 by the shop’s employees.The bikes are given to students who have good g rades and perfect attendance. Nicole says:”Some kids aren’t as lucky as others, 51 they still do well in school. I think they should be 52 for that .” Nicole has received e-mails and phone calls from parents and teachers that say test 53 are improving. “Bikes can take you far,” she says. “Good grades can take you even 54 ”Barton Dassinger is the principal of Cesar E.Chavez school in Chicago. Students in his school have received bikes. “It’s been a great way to 55 students to do thei r best, ” Dassinger says. “They work hard to make it happen.”46. A. joined B. created C. helped D. reformed47. A. In addition to B. In honor of C. In line with D. In exchange for48. A. safely B. happily C. freely D. quickly49. A. insist B. accept C. remember D. ensure50. A. look-out B. drop-out C. check-up D. line-up51. A. and B. so C. but D. or52. A. remembered B. rewarded C. repaid D. recommended53. A. papers B. scores C. conditions D. methods54. A. higher B. better C. further D. greater55. A. require B. exploit C. entitle D. motivatePart V Text Completion (20 minutes, 20 points)Directions: In this part there are three short texts with 20 questions(Ranging from 56 to 75). Above each text there are three or four phrases to be completed. First, use the choices provided in the box to complete the phrases. Second, use the completed phrases to fill in the blanks of the text. Note you should blacken the letters that indicate your answers on the Answer Sheet.Text OneA.optimistic aboutB.a needC.a thirdPhrases:A.they felt 56 forB.most were 57 the future for womenC.less than 58 of themIn a recent survey, 55%of 3000 Japanese women polled said they weren’t being treated equally with men at work, and 59 said they expected women’s lives to improve over the next two decades. Yet,only 26% of the women said 60 a strong and organized women’s movement. In a similar survey of American women, a much smaller 29% believed they were treated unfairly at work, 61 and 37% said a women’s movement was needed.Text TwoA.up toB.collectionsC.libraryPhrases:A.introduce you to our 62 facilitiesB.check out 63 five booksC.houses our humanities and map 64Welcome to the university library. This tour will 65 . First of all, the library’s collection of books, reference materials, and other resources are found on levels one to four of this building. Level one 66 . Onlevel two, you will find our circulation desk, current periodicals and journals, and our copy facilities. Our science and engineering sections can be found on level three. Finally, group study rooms and the multimedia center are located on level four. Undergraduate students can 67 for two weeks. Graduate students can check out fifteen books for two months. Books can be renewed up to two times.Text ThreeA.to understand themB.to think aboutC.not accent eliminationD.give them the most troublePhrases:A.identify which specific areas of pronunciation 68B.give you some things 69C.make it difficult for native speakers 70D.focus on accent reduction, 71Many ESL learners are concerned about eliminating their accents, but before you run out and spend hundreds of dollars on the latest pronunciation course, let me 72First, the main goal of any pronunciation course should be to 73 ，which is virtually impossible Rather students should work on reducing areas of their pronunciation that affect comprehensibility, that is, areas of their accents that 74 Second, with this goal in mind students need to be able to 75 . Of course there are universal areas of pronunciation that affect specific language groups and reading up on these commonalities will help youPart VI Translation(10 points)Directions: translate the following passage into Chinese. Write your answer on the Answer sheet.Being unhappy is like an infectious disease. It causes people to shrink away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone and miserable. There is however a cure so simple as to seem, at first glance, ridiculous if you don’t feel happy, pretend to be !It works. Before long you will find that instesd of pushing people away, you attract them. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and widr circles of good will.Then the make-believe becomes a reality. Being happy, once it is realized as a duty and established as a habit opens doors into unimaginable gardens filled with grateful friendsPart VII Writing(15points)Dircctions: write composition of at least 150 words about the topic: the possibity of using the mobile phone to study English (or any other subject)You should write according to the outline given below:1.我认为手机（不）可以用来学习英语或其他知识。
新阳光教育同等学力西医综合辅导：练习题四
新阳光教育西医综合专项辅导：练习题四（A1型题）答题说明（1~70题）每一道题下面都有A，B，C，D，E 5个备选答案。
在答题时，只许从中选择一个最合适的答案，写在答题纸上。
1、听阈是指A．某一频率的声波刚能引起鼓膜疼痛的最小强度B．所有频率的声波刚能引起鼓膜疼痛的平均强度C．某一频率的声波刚能引起听觉的最小强度D．所有频率的声波刚能引起听觉的平均强度E．某一频率的声波刚能引起听觉的平均强度2、见于真核细胞的共有序列5’TATAAAA3’与见于原核细胞的共有序列极为相似。
它是重要的，因为是A．结合RNA聚合酶III的唯一位点B．RNA聚合酶II的终止位点C．结合RNA聚合酶I的主要位点D．为所有RNA聚合酶的启动子E．为RNA聚合酶II的转录因子的第1个结合位点3、下列哪项活动属于正反馈?A.Wolff-Chaikoff反应B.血钙水平对1,25-(OH)2-D3生成的影响C.1,25-(OH)2-D3对其本身生成的影响D.胰酶分泌对CCK释放的影响E.以上都不属于4、由肾上腺皮质束状带细胞分泌的激素主要是A.醛固酮B.脱氢表雄酮C.雌二醇D. 皮质醇E.去氧皮质酮5、参与脑干网状结构上行唤醒作用的递质可能是A．ACh B.NEC.多巴胺D.γ-氨基丁酸E．5-HT6、下列哪种酶能水解VLDL中的甘油三酯?A.胰脂酶B.肝脂酶C.脂蛋白脂肪酶D.辅脂酶E.激素敏感性脂肪酶7、当达到K+平衡电位时A、膜两侧K+浓度梯度为零B、膜外K+浓度大于膜内C、膜两侧电位梯度为零D、膜内电位较膜外电位相对较正E、膜内外K+的净外流为零8、对萎缩概念理解正确的是A．组织或器官内细胞体积减小和数目减少B．发育正常的器官、组织内实质细胞体积减小和数目减少C．组织或器官内间质减少D．萎缩性病变一般不能恢复E．凡是比正常体积小的细胞、组织和器官9、下列哪项组合不．正确A．急粒白血病—可见Auer小体B．骨髓异常综合征—病态造血C．急淋白血病—过氧化物酶阳性D．慢粒白血病—NAP下降E．慢淋白血病—以成熟小淋巴细胞为主10、正常成年人的肾小球滤过率约为A．100ml/minB．125 ml/minC．250 ml/minD．1L/minE．180L/min11、葡萄糖进入红细胞属于A．主动转运B．单纯扩散C、易化扩散D、入胞E、吞饮12、下列哪项因素可不使CVP升高?A.血量增加B.全身静脉收缩C.全身微动脉舒张D.左心功能不全E.右心功能不全13、关于结构域的叙述，哪项不正确？A．它是蛋白质构象中二级结构与三级结构之间的一个层次？B．与分子整体以共价键相连C．与分子整体较易分开D．每个结构域约由100～200个氨基酸残基组成E．每个结构域有独特的空间构象14、复制是遗传信息从DNA传递至下列哪项?A.DNAB.RNAC.蛋白质D.mRNAE.tRNA15、遗传性α—抗胰蛋白酶缺乏能引起下列哪种类型的肺气肿？A. 肺大疱B. 腺泡中央型肺气肿C. 腺泡周围型肺气肿D. 全腺泡型肺气肿E. 不规则型肺气肿16、抗Hp治疗后的根除试验，应在完成治疗后多长时间进行？A. <1周B. >1周C. >2周D. >3周E. >4周17、关于酶的化学修饰的描述，错误．．的是A.被修饰的酶一般有两种不同的活性形式B.两种形式在不同的酶的催化下互变C.一般不消耗能量D.催化互变的酶活性受激素等因素的控制E.化学修饰的方式多为磷酸化和脱磷酸18、下列哪种毒素不引起纤维性炎症？A. 白喉杆菌毒素B. 痢疾杆菌毒素C. 脑膜炎双球菌毒素D. 肺炎双球菌毒素E. 汞中毒的汞19、肌肉收缩中的后负荷主要影响肌肉的A.兴奋性B.初长度C.传导性D.收缩力量E.收缩性20、3年前曾行破伤风自动免疫者，受伤后应作下列哪项处理即可预防破伤风A.需再次注射破伤风类毒素0.5mlB.需再次注射破伤风类毒素1mlC.需再次注射破伤风抗毒素1500~3000UD.需注射人体破伤风免疫蛋白3000UE.严密观察，暂不注射21、下列血凝因子中，最不．．稳定的是A、因子VB、因子ⅦC、因子ⅩD、因子ⅫE、因子ⅩⅢ22、易化扩散和主动转运的共同特点是A.要消耗能量B.顺浓度梯度C.需膜蛋白帮助D.被转运物都是小分子E.有饱和现象23、下列哪一项不属于生物氧化特点?A.生物氧化方式有加氧、脱氢、失电子B.能量是逐步释放的C.递氢体不起传递电子的作用D.递氢体和电子传递体都起传递电子作用E.生物氧化可在线粒体内发生24、给出的DNA序列为某基因有义链中一段突变“热点”，也是编码21~25氨基酸：5’-CCC-CCT-AGG-TTC-AGG-3’下列哪个序列为移码突变并致蛋白质合成终止（TAG=终止密码子）A．-CCC-CCT-AGG-TTC-AGG-B．-GCC-CCT-AGG-TTC-AGG-C．-CCA-CCC-TAG-GTT-CAG-D．-CCC-CTA-GGT-TCA-AGG-E．-CCC-CCT-AGG-AGG-25、肝内丙胴酸激酶特有的别构抑制剂是A．ATP B.NADHC．乙酰CoA D. 丙氨酸E.6-磷酸葡萄糖26、尿检中有较多的白细胞管型多见于A.急性肾炎B.慢性肾炎C.肾盂肾炎D.肾病综合征E.急进性肾炎27、与运动调节有关的黑质-纹状体通路的递质是A.乙酰胆碱B.多巴胺C.5-羟色胺D.甘氨酸E.γ-氨基丁酸28、关于糖皮质激素控制哮喘发作的机制，下列哪项不．正确A．抑制炎症细胞的迁移和活化B．抑制细胞因子的生成C．增强平滑肌细胞β2受体的反应性D．激活磷酸二酯酶E．抑制炎症介质的释放29、促进小肠吸收钙的主要因素是A.维生素AB.维生素BC.维生素CD.维生素DE.维生素E30、下列有关肺总容量的说法哪个是错误的？A．因不同个体、性别、年龄中而有差异 B.与体型大小、运动锻炼情况有关C．是指肺所能容纳的最大气量 D.肺总容量等于肺活量和余气量之和E．立位小于卧位时的肺总容量31、下列哪种化合物仅在肝脏合成?A.尿素B.糖原C.血浆蛋白D.胆固醇E.脂肪酸32、治疗十二指肠溃疡欲达到消除神经性胃分泌，而不引起胃滞留、保留幽门括约肌的功能和正常胃容积，下列哪项手术方式为首选A.高选择性胃迷走神经切断术B.迷走神经干切断术C.选择性胃迷走神经切断术D.胃窦部切除加胃十二指肠吻合术E.选择性胃迷走神经切断术加幽门成形术33、精子获能发生于A.输精管B.曲细精管C.附睾D.前列腺E.女性生殖道34、G蛋白是细胞信号传递中重要的成员，G蛋白指的是A.蛋白激酶AB.蛋白激酶GC.鸟苷酸环化酶D.鸟苷酸结合蛋白E.DNA双螺旋结合蛋白35、下列哪个器官发生栓塞后很少发生梗死？A. 脑B. 肠C. 肾D. 脾E. 肝36、二尖瓣关闭不全主要有哪项杂音？A. 二尖瓣区收缩期杂音B. 心尖部舒张期杂音C. 胸骨左缘4、5肋间收缩期杂音D. 主动脉瓣区收缩期杂音E. 胸骨左缘4、5、6肋间收缩期杂音37、法莫替丁治疗消化性溃疡的药理作用是受体A. 阻断Ach受体B. 阻断H2C. 阻断胃泌素受体D. 阻断主细胞受体E. 增强粘膜屏障作用38、睾酮由睾丸的下列那种细胞分泌A.间质细胞B.支持细胞C.精原细胞D.精母细胞E.精子39、安静时细胞膜内K + 向膜外移动是通过A.单纯扩散B.易化扩散C.主动转运D.出胞作用E.被动转运40、某蛋白质有100个氨基酸残基，其基因有2个外显子。
2013西医综合真题及答案
2013 年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试西医综合真题一.A 型题： 1～90 小题，每小题 1.5 分;91～120 小题，每小题 2 分 ;共 195 分。
在每小题给出的 A、 B、 C、 D 四个选项中，请选出一项最符合题目要求的。
1.葡萄糖从肠道进入肠上皮细胞的方式是A.入胞B.单纯扩散C.易化扩散D.主动转运答案： D。
2.神经冲动到达肌接头前膜时，引起开放通道的是A.Na+通道B.Ca2+通道C.K+通道D.Cl-通道答案： B。
3.下列关于动作电位的描述，正确的是A.刺激强度小于阈值时，出现低幅度动作电位B.刺激强度达到阈值后，再增加刺激强度能使动作电位幅度增大C.动作电位一经产生，便可沿细胞膜作电紧张性扩布D.传导距离较长时，动作电位的大小不发生改变答案： D。
4.红细胞悬浮液稳定性降低的原因是A.血浆白蛋白增多B.血浆纤维蛋白原减少C.红细胞叠连加速D.红细胞脆性增加答案： C。
5.凝血酶的主要作用是A.激活因子ⅩⅢB.分解因子ⅠC.活化血小板D.激活因子Ⅷ 答案： B。
6.ABO 血型系统的主要抗体是A.IgAB.IgMC.IgED.IgG 答案： B。
7.心室肌收缩的后负荷是A.等容收缩期初心室内压B.大动脉血压C.快速射血期心室内压D.减慢射血期心室内压答案： B。
8.窦房结能成为心脏正常起搏点的原因是A.静息电位仅为– 70mVB.阈电位为– 40mVC.0期去极化速度快D.4 期去极化速度快答案： D。
9.影响外周血管阻力的主要因素是A.血液粘滞性B.大动脉弹性C.血管长度D.小动脉口径答案： D。
10.下列情况中，能够使肺通气 / 血流比值增高最明显的是A.肺纤维化形成B.肺水肿C.支气管哮喘发作D.肺拴塞答案： D。
11.关于气体在血液中运输的叙述，错误的是A.CO2和 Hb 结合不需酶的催化B.CO2主要以 HCO3-形式运输C.O2和 Hb 结合反应快并需酶催化C.CO2和 O2 都有物理溶解形式答案： C。
2013年同等学力西医综合习题及解析
2013年同等学力西医综合习题及解析生理学1. 人工增加离体神经纤维浴液中的K+浓度，静息电位的绝对值将（）A.不变B.增大C.减小D.先增大后减小E.先减小后增大答案：C解析：静息电位接近K+平衡电位，为内负外正的极化状态。
静息状态下，细胞内的K+浓度为细胞外液中的30倍左右，细胞内外K+的浓度差，是静息时K+向外扩散的驱动力，当胞外K+浓度增加时，K+外扩散的驱动力减小，K+平衡电位绝对值减小，由它决定的静息电位绝对值也就减小。
2. 心肌不会产生强直收缩，其原因是（）A.心肌是功能上的合胞体B.心肌肌浆网不发达，Ca2+贮存少C.心肌的有效不应期特别长D.心肌有自律性，会自动节律收缩E．心肌呈“全或无”收缩答案：C解析：心室肌细胞动作电位持续时间长，其有效不应期一直持续到心室肌收缩活动的舒张期早期，所以，心肌不产生强直收缩。
3. 正常情况下，维持呼吸中枢兴奋性的有效刺激是（）A.血液中一定程度的缺氧B.血液中一定浓度的二氧化碳C.血液中一定浓度的碱性物质D.肺牵张感受器传入冲动E.呼吸肌本体感受器的传入冲动答案：B解析：CO2是调节呼吸运动最重要的生理性化学因素。
动脉血液中必须保持一定的CO2分压，呼吸中枢才能保持正常的兴奋性。
人如在过度通气后，可发生呼吸暂停。
这是由于过度通气能排出过多的CO2，动脉血中PCO2下降，低于5.3kPa，对呼吸中枢的刺激减弱。
正常人动脉血中PCO2兴奋呼吸中枢的阈值大约为5.3kPa。
吸入气中CO2浓度适量增加，使动脉血中PCO2增加，使呼吸加深加快。
吸入气中CO2含量增加到4%时，肺通气量加倍；增加到10%时，肺通气量可增加8～10倍，但出现头痛、头昏等症状；再增加到40%时，则引起呼吸中枢麻痹，抑制呼吸，出现CO2麻醉。
分子生物学1.血清中某蛋白质的等电点为5.0，在下列哪种PH缓冲液中泳向正极（）A.PH4.3B.PH5.0C.PH 3.5D.PH 1.0E.PH 7.4答案：E解析：缓冲液PH值大于蛋白质的等电点时，蛋白质带负电荷，泳向正极。
西医综合科目试题及答案 .doc
绝密★启用前试卷类型：B2015年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（广东卷）英语本试卷共12页，三大题，满分135分。
考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将自己的姓名、考生号、试室号和座位号填写在答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。
2. 选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。
3. 非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案，不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
4. 考生必须保持答题卷和答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，将试卷、答题卷和答题卡一并交回。
语言知识及应用（共两节，满分45分）完形填空（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从1~15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
How long can human beings live? Most scientists who study old age think that the human body is ___1___ to live no longer than 120 years. However, 110 years is probably the longest that anyone could hope to live —— if he or she is ___2___ healthy and lucky. Some scientists even say we can live as long as 130 years! Yet, our cells simply cannot continue to reproduce ___3___. They wear out, and as a result, we get old and ___4___ die.Even though we can’t live forever, we are living a ___5___ life than ever before. In 1900, the average American life span (寿命) was only 47 years, but today it is 75 years!When does old age begin then? Sixty-five may be out-of-date as the ___6___ line between middle age and old age. After all, many older people don’t begin to experience physical and mental ___7___ until after age 75.People are living longer because more people ___8___ childhood. Before modern medicine changed the laws of nature, many children died of common childhood ___9___. Now that the chances of dying ___10___ are much lower, the chances of living long are much higher due to better diets and health care.On the whole, our population is getting older. The ___11___ in our population will have lasting effects on our social development and our way of life. Some people fear such changes will be forthe worse, while some see ___12___, not disaster, many men and women in their “golden years” are healthy, still active, and young in ___13___ if not in age.As the society grows old, we need the ___14___ of our older citizens. With long lives ahead of them, they need to ___15___ active and devoted.1. A. designed B. selected C. improved D. discovered2. A. completely B. generally C. apparently D. extremely3. A. rapidly B. harmlessly C. endlessly D. separately4. A. eventually B. hopelessly C. automatically D. desperately5. A. busier B. longer C. richer D. happier6. A. finishing B. guiding C. waiting D. dividing7. A. stress B. damage C. decline D. failure8. A. survive B. enjoy C. remember D. value9. A. problems B. fears C. worries D. diseases10. A. poor B. young C. sick D. quiet11. A. changes B. recovery C. safety D. increases12. A. dreams B. chances C. strengths D. choices13. A. mind B. appearance C. voice D. movement14. A. protection B. suggestions C. contributions D. permission15. A. sound B. appear C. turn D. stay语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空,并将答案填写在答题卡标号为16-25的相应位置上。
2013年考研西医考试真题卷 (2)
2013年考研西医考试真题卷•本卷共分为2大题50小题，作答时刻为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。
一、单项挑选题（共25题，每题2分。
每题的备选项中，只要一个最契合题意）1.体系性红斑狼疮浆膜炎不包括A．心包炎B．腹膜炎C．关节炎D．胸膜炎参考答案：C[考点] SLE[剖析] SLE的浆膜炎包括心包炎、腹膜炎、胸膜炎，但不包括关节炎。
2.归于液化性坏死的是A．心肌梗死B．脑梗死C．肠梗死D．肾梗死参考答案：B[考点]坏死，液化性坏死[剖析]脑梗死归于液化性坏死。
肾梗死、心肌梗死和脾梗死归于凝固性坏死。
肠梗死归于坏疽。
3.肾髓质安排液渗透压梯度的保持有赖于A．直小血管的逆流倍增B．直小血管的逆流交流C．髓袢的逆流倍增D．远曲小管和调集管对水的重吸收参考答案：B[考点]尿的浓缩与稀释[剖析]髓袢的逆流倍增是肾髓质安排液渗透压梯度构成的首要机制，直小血管的逆流交流则是肾髓质安排液渗透压梯度保持的重要机制。
4.关于先天性髋关节脱位X线片查看的叙说，下列哪项不对A．对可疑患儿，应在出世后当即吸取骨盆正位片，前期确诊前期医治B．在X线片上应测定髋臼角(髋臼指数)的度数C．应调查Shenton线(股骨颈闭孔连线)有无中止D．按关节四区划分法，调查股骨头骨化中心的方位及其巨细参考答案：A[考点]先天性髋关节脱位[剖析]对疑有先天性髋关节脱位的患儿，吸取双侧髋关节的骨盆正位片，细心读片(包括B、C、D三个备选项)，可发现髋臼发育不良，半脱位或脱位，有确诊含义。
但X线片应在出世3个月今后吸取，因为此之前髋臼大部分是软骨。
5.腹股沟直疝和斜疝的一起点是A．都不易嵌顿B．都应手术医治C．疝环都坐落腹壁下动脉的内侧D．疝囊均经过腹股沟管参考答案：B[考点]腹股沟斜疝与直疝的辨别确诊[剖析]腹股沟斜疝自腹股沟管内口(腹壁下动脉外侧)杰出，经过腹股沟管自腹股沟管外环闯入阴囊，因而外环口扩展，因腹股沟管内口小，又经过腹股沟管这一狭隘通道，故易嵌顿；而腹股沟直疝自直疝三角(腹壁下动脉内侧)杰出，不经过腹股沟管，一般不进入阴囊，故外环口不扩展。
2013西综真题
一、A型题：1～120题。
1～90小题，每小题1.5分；91～120小题，每小题2分，共195分。
1.葡萄糖从肠道进入肠上皮细胞的方式是(D)A.入胞 B.单纯扩散C.易化扩散D.主动转运2.神经冲动到达肌接头前膜时，引起开放的通道是(B)A.Na通道B.Ca通道C.K通道D.Cl通道3.下列关于动作电位的描述，正确的是(D)A.刺激强度小于阈值时，出现低幅度动作电位 B.刺激强度达到阈值时后，再增加刺激强度能使动作电位幅度增大 C.动作电位一经产生，便可沿细胞膜作电紧张式扩布D.传导距离较长时，动作电位的大小不发生改变4.红细胞悬浮稳定性降低的原因是(C)A.血浆白蛋白增多B.血浆纤维蛋白原减少C.红细胞叠连加速D.红细胞脆性增加5.凝血酶的作用主要是(B)A.激活因子XIII B.分解因子I C.活化血小板 D.激活因子VIII6.ABO血型系统的主要抗体是(D)A.IgA B.IgM C.IgE D.IgG7.心室肌收缩的后负荷是(B)A.等容收缩期初心室内压B.大动脉血压C.快速射血期心室内压D.减慢射血期心室内压8.窦房结能成为心脏正常起搏点的原因是(D)A.静息电位仅为-70mv B.阈电位为-40mv C.0期去极化速度快D.4期去极化速度快9.影响外周血管阻力的主要因素为(D)A.血液粘滞性B.大动脉弹性C.血管长度D.小动脉口径10.下列情况中，能够使肺通气/血流比例增高最明显的是(D)A.肺纤维化形成B.肺水肿C.支气管哮喘发作D.肺栓塞11.关于气体在血液中运输的叙述，错误的是(A)A.CO2和Hb结合不需酶的催化B.CO2主要以HCO3的形式运输 C.O2和Hb结合反应快并需酶的催化 D.CO2和O2都有物理溶解形式12.胃和小肠都具有的运动方式(A)A.紧张性收缩 B.容受性舒张C.分节运动D.袋状往返运动13.唾液淀粉酶发挥作用的最适PH值是(C)A.2.0~3.0 B.4.0~5.0 C.6.0~7.0 D.8.0~9.014.关于肾脏重吸收和分泌K+的叙述，正确的是(D)A.近端肾小管重吸收约25%~30%的K+ B.髓样重吸收约65%~70%的K+ C.运端肾小管分泌K+，但不重吸收K+ D.远曲小管分泌K+受醛固酮调节15.血液流经肾小球时，促进原尿生成的直接动力是(D)A.全身平均动脉压B.血浆胶体渗透压 C.肾动脉压 D.肾小球毛细血管压16.当睫状肌收缩时，可引起的生理效应是(D)A.睫状肌小带紧张性增加 B.角膜曲度增加C.瞳孔增大D.晶状体曲度增加17.声波由鼓膜经听骨链传向卵圆窗时出现的振动变化是(D)A.幅度增加，压强增大B.幅度减小，压强减小C.幅度增大，压强减小D.幅度减小，压强增大18.传导慢痛的外周神经纤维是(D)A. Ar纤维 B. As纤维 C.B类纤维 D.C类纤维19.腱器官传入冲动增加所引起的效应是(B)A.对同一肌肉的γ运动神经元起抑制作用 B. 对同一肌肉的α运动神经元起抑制作用 C.使梭外肌收缩增强 D. 使梭内肌收缩增强20. 交感神经系统兴奋时，引起的生理效应是(C) A.胃肠运动增强 B.支气管平滑肌收缩C.瞳孔开大肌收缩 D.促进胰岛素的分泌21. 肾上腺皮质功能低下时出现的变化是(A) A.血容量减少 B.血压升高 C.血浆 Na+ 浓度升高 D.血浆 K+浓度降低22. 甲状腺激素的化学本质是(C) A.糖蛋白 B.肽类C.胺类 D.类固醇类23. 雌激素和孕激素作用的相同点是(B) A.促进乳腺导管增生和延长B.使子宫内膜变厚 C.使子宫输卵管平滑肌活动减弱 D.减少宫颈黏液的分泌24. 灭活睾酮的器官是(A) A.肝脏 B.肾脏 C.肺脏 D.靶组织细胞25. “不同蛋白质有不同的空间构象”所指的含义是(C)A.蛋白质的变性与复性B.多肽链的折叠机制C.一级结构决定高级结构 D.结合蛋白质有多种辅基26. DNA理化性质中的“Tm”值所表达的含义是(C)A.复制时的温度B.复性时的温度C.50%双链被打开的温度D.由 B 型转变成 A型的温度27. 酶 Km值的大小所代表的含义是(A)A.酶对底物的亲和力 B.最适的酶浓度 C.酶促反应的速度 D.酶抑制剂的类型28. 糖酵解途径所指的反应过程是(D)A.葡萄糖转变成磷酸二羟丙酮B.葡萄糖转变成乙酰 CoAC.葡萄糖转变成丙酮D.葡萄糖转变成丙酮酸29. 能够逆向转运胆固醇到肝的脂蛋白是(D) A.CM B.LDL C.VLDLD.HDL30. 下列物质中，能够在底物水平上生成 GTP的是(B)A.乙酰 CoA B.琥珀酰 CoA C.脂肪酰 CoA D.HDL31. 可以作为一碳单位来源的氨基酸是 (A)A.丝氨酸 B.丙氨酸 C.亮氨酸 D.甲硫氨酸32. 別嘌呤醇治疗痛风的可能机制是(A)A.抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶 B.促进 dUMP的甲基化C.促进尿酸生成的逆反应D.抑制脱氧核糖核苷酸的生成33. 下列物质代谢调节方式中，属于快速调节的是(D)A.产物对酶合成的阻遏作用 B.酶蛋白的诱导合成C.酶蛋白的降解作用D.酶的别构调节34.对广泛 DNA损伤进行紧急、粗糙、高错误率的修复方式是(D) A.光修复 B.切除修复 C.重组修复D.SOS修复35.RNA编辑所涉及的过程是(A)A.RNA合成后的加工过程 B.RNA聚合酶识别模板的过程 C.DNA指导的 RNA合成过程 D.tRNA反密码对密码的识别过程36.下列关于原核生物蛋白质合成的叙述，正确的是(A)A.一条 mRNA 编码几种蛋白质 B.释放因子是 eRF C.80S核蛋白体参与合成 D.核内合成，胞液加工37.原核生物基因组的特点是(B) A.核小体是其基本组成单位 B.转录产物是多顺反子 C.基因的不连续性 D.线粒体 DNA为环状结构38.下列涉及 G蛋白偶联受体信号的主要途径是(A) A.cAMP-PKA信号途径 B.酪氨酸激酶受体信号途径 C.雌激素-核受体信号途径 D.丝/苏氨酸激酶受体信号途径39.下列可以导致原癌基因激活的机制是(A) A.获得启动子 B.转录因子与 RNA结合 C.抑癌基因的过表达 D.p53蛋白诱导细胞凋亡40.目前基因治疗主要采用的方式是(D) A.对患者缺陷基因进行重组B.提高患者的 DNA合成能力C.调整患者 DNA修复的酶类D.将表达目的基因的细胞输入患者体内41. 在下列病变中，含铁血黄素主要出现在(A) A.肺褐色硬化 B.小叶性肺炎 C.ARDS D.间质性肺炎42.镜下坏死组织结构的轮廓消失，呈现一片嗜酸性颗粒状物，其坏死类型是(C) A.凝固性坏死 B.液化性坏死C.干酪样坏死 D.脂肪坏死45在伤口愈合时，对增加伤口愈合强度起主要做作用的是(C) A成纤维细胞 B毛细血管C细胞外基质 D良好的血供46发生在下列不同部位的纤维蛋白性炎症中，属于假膜性炎症的是(D) A心包膜 B胸膜 C关节滑膜D肠黏膜47下列选项中，符合肿瘤间变概念的是(B) A良恶性肿瘤之间的形态改变 B肿瘤细胞的去分化C肿瘤发生过程中的一种癌前病变 D肿瘤亲子代之间的遗传特性继承答案：B这个知识点在4版书上面有出现过，7版是没有讲的48下列原癌基因中，以点突变为主要激活方式成为癌基因的是(A) A ras B PDGF C cyclijn D myc49在恶性肿瘤的鉴别诊断中，免疫组织化学染色角蛋白阳性，波形蛋白阴性，该肿瘤为(A) A癌B肉瘤 C黑色素瘤 D神经内分泌肿瘤50在下列癌前病变中，癌变几率最高的是(C) A结节性肝硬化 B黏膜白斑C结肠腺瘤性息肉病 D未降睾丸51-76?77. 男性，50岁。
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2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 1 页 共 20 页
新阳光教育
5. 肺通气的动力来自于 A．胸内负压的周期变化
B. 胸内负压与肺内压之差
C. 肺的舒缩活动 E．呼吸肌的舒缩活动
D. 肺的弹性冋缩
答案：E （生理学练习题 3 第五章第 2 题）
6. 体内二氧化碳分压最高的部位是在 A.动脉血液中 B.静脉血液中
答案：E
E.盐酸
教
10. 对能量代谢影响最显著的是
A.寒冷
B.高温 C.精神活动
答案：D
光D.肌肉运动 E.进食
11. 醛固酮的主要作用是 A.保钾排钠 B.保钠保钾
答案：C
12. 葡萄糖重吸收的部位是
阳C.保钠排钾 D.排氢保钠
E.排氢保钾
新 A.髓袢
答案：B
B.近曲小管 C.远曲小管 D.集合管
A.反应温度低
B.反应物浓度低
C.产物浓度过高（负反馈） D.环境 pH 值不适
答案：E
（分子生物学练习题 1-2 第 4 题）
E.缺乏稳定过渡态的因素
2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 3 页 共 20 页
新阳光教育 25. 体内胃蛋白酶原激活的方式为
A.蛋白酶解激活 B.蛋白质去磷酸化 答案：A （模考题一第 22 题）
35. 转录真核生物蛋白质编码基因的是
A. RNA 聚合酶 I
B. RNA 聚合酶 II
C. RNA 聚合酶 III D. RNA 聚合酶Ⅳ
E．RNA 聚合酶 V
育
答案：B （模考题三第 28 题）
36. 识别并结合真核蛋白质编码基因启动子的是
A.转录因子
B.RNA 聚合酶 I 的Ⅱ基
教
C.RNA 聚合酶 II 的亚基 E.RNA 聚合酶Ⅳ的亚基 答案：A （模考题二第 21 题）
新阳光教育
2013 年同等学力人员申请硕士学位
学科综合水平全国统一考试
临床医学试卷 B
考生须知
1．本试卷满分为 100 分，共 160 题，各题分数相等。
2．考生务必将本人考号最后两位数字填写在本页右上角方框内。
3. 本试卷为 B 型试卷，其答案一律用 2B 铅笔填涂在 B 型答题卡上，做在试卷上或其它类型答题卡上的无
13. 在肺循环和体循环之间比较，数值人体相同的是
E.肾盂
A.外周阻力 B.心输出量 C.脉压
D.收缩压 E.舒张压
答案：B
14. 心脏中兴奋传导速度最慢的是
A.心房
B.心室 C.左右束支 D.房室交界
答案：D
（模考题一第 16 题）（生理学练习题 2 第三章第 23 题）
E.浦氏纤维
2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 2 页 共 20 页
新阳光教育 15. 支配心脏的交感神经节后纤维释放的递质是
A.肾上腺素 B.去甲肾上腺素 C.乙酰胆碱 答案：B （模考题二第 10 题）
D.升压素 E.血管紧张素
16．在中脑上下叠体间切断动物脑干，将出现 A.去大脑僵直 B.脊髓休克 C.肢体痉挛性麻痹
答案：A
D.去皮质值直
22. 二硫键通常参与维持和稳定蛋白质分子的
E.乙酸乙酯
新 A.一级结构
答案：C
B.二级结构
C.三级结构
D.四级结构
23. 除蛋白质外，在自然界具有催化活性的生物大分子还有
A.RNA B.DNA C.多糖 D.脂类 E.维生素
E.超二级结构
答案：A
(模考题三第 107 题)
24. 酶催化的代谢反应速度慢的主要原因是
光 D.RNA 聚合酶Ⅲ的亚基
阳 37. 对于新月体性肾小球肾炎，形成新月体的细胞是
A.肾小球系膜细胞
B.肾小球脏层上皮细胞
C.肾小球毛细血管内皮细胞
D.肾小球壁层上皮细胞
E.肾小球所有的细胞
答案：D
新 （模考题三第 40 题）
38. 血管壁玻璃样变性多发生于 A.细动脉 B.中型动脉 C.大动脉 D.人静脉
57. 支气管哮喘发作时，最常见的血气分析政变是
A. pH 值下降，Pa02 下降，PaC02 降低
B. pH 值上升，Pa02 下降，PaC02 上升
C. pH 值上升，Pa02 下降，PaCO2 降低
D．pH 值下降，Pa02 下降，PaCO2 上升
E. pH 值正常，Pa02 下降，PaCO2 上升
A.有高出皮面的皮肤紫癜 B.骨髓巨核细胞增多，成熟型减少
C.血白细胞计数减少
D.骨髓巨核细胞减少
E．脾明显肿大
答案：B
光 52. 下列实验室检查结果中，提示上尿路感染的是
A．尿蛋白阴性
B.尿白细胞 10 个/HP
C．尿镜检有白细胞管型 D.尿红细胞 20 个/HP
E．尿亚硝酸盐阳性
阳 答案：C
53. 通过抑制α 葡萄糖苷酶而降低餐后高血糖的口服降糖药物是 A.阿卡波糖 B.格列喹酮 C.罗格列酮 D.二甲双胍
32. 逆转录 A.以双链 DNA 为模板，合成双链 RNA C.以单链 DNA 为模板，合成双链 RNA E.以单链 RNA 为模板，合成单链 DNA
答案：E
B.以双链 RNA 为模板，合成双链 DNA D.以单链 RNA 为模板，合成双链 DNA
2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 4 页 共 20 页
E.小静脉
答案：A
（模考题一第 39 题）
39. 类上皮细胞衍生于 A.淋巴细胞 B.纤维母细胞 C.上皮细胞 D.中性粒细胞 E.巨噬细胞
2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 5 页 共 20 页
答案：E
新阳光教育
40. 交界性肿瘤 A.既有癌成分，又有肉瘤成分
B.侵犯表皮和真皮交界部位
光
阳 C.钾离子
D.钙离子
E.镁离子
答案：C
（生理学练习题 1 第二章第 30 题）
新 3. 形成血浆胶体渗透压的主要物质是
A.纤维蛋白原 B．血细胞
C.向蛋白D. 球蛋白源自E.血红蛋白答案：C
4．内环境是指
A.体液
B.血浆 C.组织液
答案：E
（生理学练习题 1 第一章第 1 题）
D.细胞内液 E.细胞外液
新阳光教育
33. 利福霉素抑制结核杆菌的
A. 启动子
B．复制起点
C. RNA 聚合酶
D. 翻译起始
E．核糖体结合位点
答案：C （考试大纲 P143）
34. 识别细菌基因启动子的是 RNA 聚合酶的
A.α 亚基 B.β 亚基
C.γ 亚基 D.σ 亚基
E.δ 亚基
答案：D
（模考题一第 107 题）（模考题三第 35 题）（分子生物学 2-2 第 5 题）
D.黏膜浅层上皮细胞坏死、脱落
47. 急性心肌梗死 24 小时内发生急性左心功能不全，不适宜的处理是
A.注射吗啡
B.快速洋地黄化
C.持续无创正压通气 D.静滴硝酸甘油
D.静滴速屎
答案：B
2013 年同等学力临床医学试卷 第 6 页 共 20 页
新阳光教育
48. 下列引起急性糜烂出血性胃炎的病因中，不属于急性应激的是
A.反式剪接
B.选择性剪接
C.选择性转录起点 D.选择性翻译起点 E．RNA 编辑
答案：B
（考试大纲 P146）
教
20. 下列氨基酸中属于芳香族氨基酸的是 A.酪氨酸 B.谷氨酸 C.丙氨酸
答案：A
光D.赖氨酸 E.天冬氮酸
阳 21. 与蛋向质或氨基酸反应，产生特征性紫色的试剂是 A.考马斯亮蓝 B.氨基黑 C.甲醛 D.茚三酮 答案：D
答案：B （模考题二第 23 题）
28.“T”代表的碱基是 A.腺嘌呤 B.胸腺嘧啶
C.胞嘧啶
D.鸟嘌呤
E.假尿嘧啶
育
答案：B
29．由蛋白质和 RNA 形成复合物的是
A.核仁
B.核孔 C.核糖体
答案：C
D.线粒体
教 E.复制体
30. 符合常见的 DNA 双向复制方式的是 A.1 个复制起点，1 个复制又 C.2 个复制起点，2 个复制又（方向相反） E.1 个复制起点，2 个复制叉（方向相反）
E.发病年龄
阳 A.平滑肌细胞
答案：E
B.淋巴细胞
C.纤维母细胞
46. 慢性浅表性胃炎的病理学改变是
D.内皮细胞
E.单核细胞
A.固有膜内慢性炎细胞浸润
B.黏膜增厚，腺体肥大增生伴有淋巴细胞浸涧
新 C.固有膜腺体变性、萎缩、减少或消失
E.黏膜充血、水肿，中性粒细胞浸润 答案：A （病理学练习题一（3）第 22 题）
效。答题前，核对答题卡是否 B 型卡，若不是，可要求监考员予以更换。
4. 纯答题卡的正确的填涂方法为：在代表答案的字母上划线，如[A][B][C][D]。
5．监考员收卷时，考生须配合监考员验收，并请监考员在准考证上签字（作为考生交卷的凭据），否则，
若发生答卷遗失，责任由考生自负。
（Al 型题） 答题说明（1～70 题）
E．腱反射增强
17. 终板电位属于
A.动作电位 B.局部电位 C.闽电位
D.后电位 E.静息电位
答案：B
（模考题三第 14 题）（生理学练习题 1 第二章第 31 题）
18．下丘脑室旁核分泌的激素是 A. 促卵泡激素 B.黄体生成素
答案：C
C．催产素
D.生长素
育 E．催乳素
19. 人体内蛋白质种类远多于基因数的主要原因是
A.乙醇
B.败血症
C.大面积烧伤 E.大手术
D.颅内病变
答案：A
49. 不符合消化性溃疡上腹部疼痛临床特点的是