模拟酸雨对菲律宾樟树幼苗抗氧化系统的影响

En-U Liu&Chiung-Pin Liu.Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on the Antioxidative System in Cinnamomum philippinense Seedlings[J].Water Air Soil Pollut, 2011, 215(1):127–13.

Effects of Simulated Acid Rain on the Antioxidative System

in Cinnamomum philippinenseSeedlings 模拟酸雨对菲律宾樟树幼苗抗氧化系统的影响 Abstract This study examined the importance of the antioxidative defense mechanism during the applica-tion of simulated acid rain (SAR) pH 4, pH 3, pH 2, and pH 6 as control treatment in Cinnamomum philippinense seedlings. Analysis was carried out on 1, 10, and 15 days of spraying SAR. In our results, catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) activity significantly were induced on 1 day of spraying SAR pH 3 and pH 2, suggesting that C. philippinense seedlings exposed to pH 3 and pH 2 acid rain for only 1 day were under oxidative stress, and antioxidant enzyme were apparently increased until 10 days of spraying SAR pH 4. However, on 10 days of spraying SAR pH 2, the accumulated intensity of acidity significantly inhibited the activi-ties of CAT and APx accompanying with increased concentrations of malonydialdehyde (MDA). On the contrary, GPOD activity and the ascorbic acid ratio were remarkably increased when spraying SAR pH 2 for 15 days. Therefore, GPOD and ascorbate contribute to the scavenging of ROS at stronger acidity stresses. However, they were not enough to avoid cellular damage, since membrane lipids were injured, and necrosis appeared.

Keywords

Antioxidant enzyme .Cinnamomum philippinense . Lipid peroxidation . Simulated acid rain 图1：用pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2模拟酸雨，对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天 、15天后，其过氧化氢酶活性的变化。用符号（*），（**），（* * *）分别表示差异分别控制在P＜0.05，P＜0.01，P < 0.001。 图2：用pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2的模拟酸雨，对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天 、15天后，其抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性的变化。统计意义如图1所示。 图3：用pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2的模拟酸雨，对菲

律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天、15天后，其谷胱甘肽还原酶活性的变化。统计意义如图1所示。 图4：用pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2的模拟酸雨，对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天、15天后，其愈创木酚过氧化物酶活性的变化。统计意义如图1所示。 图5：用pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2的模拟酸雨，

对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天、15天后，其脂质过氧化产物丙二醛活性的变化。统计意义如图1所示。

表1：喷洒15天pH=6（对照）的蒸馏水，pH=4、pH=3、pH=2的模拟酸雨对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片中ASA、DHA、总ASA浓度，抗坏血酸比的影响。 数值是指平均值±偏差，样本数 = 6。相关差异控制在P＜0.05（*）；P＜0.01（**）；P＜0.001（***）。 a ASA和DHA鲜重浓度单位1μmol g−1 b抗坏血酸抗坏血酸比值是ASA除以ASA浓度的商。 图6：pH=6（对照组）的蒸馏水，pH值=4，pH=3，pH=2的模拟酸雨，对菲律宾樟树幼苗叶片喷涂1天、10天、15天后，谷胱甘肽还原酶活性。统计意义如图1所示。

Conclusion Increased activities of the four antioxidant enzymes,GPOD, CAT, APx, and GR, might be interpreted as adefense mechanism during initial stages of acid rainstress. However, when cellular injuries occur beyond thecell's capacity for repair, exposure to elevated acidityresults in decreased, rather than increased, antioxidantenzyme activity. At later stages of acidity stress,GPOD activity and ascorbic acid ratio still increased.Even so, this activation of the antioxidant system wasnot enough to avoid cellular damage since membranelipids were injured. Moreover, on the basis of ourresults, it can be suggested that severe acid rain stressis responsible for premature senescence. 摘要 本研究旨在探讨在pH=4、pH= 3、pH=2、pH=6时模拟酸雨（SAR）对菲律宾樟苗抗氧化防御机制重要性。进行1天，10天，和15天喷洒模拟酸雨分析。结果表明，在喷涂pH=3和pH=2模拟酸雨第1天过氧化氢酶（CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶（APX）、愈创木酚过氧化物酶（GPOD）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）活性被诱导，这意味着只要1天时间菲律宾樟树幼苗暴露于pH=3和pH=2的酸雨条件下就产生氧化应激反应，同时喷涂pH=4模拟酸雨10天抗氧化物酶明显升高。然而，在喷洒pH=2模拟酸雨10天，随脂质过氧化产物丙二醛（MDA）的浓度的增加，酸的积累显著抑制氧化氢酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性。相反，喷涂pH=2模拟酸雨15天，愈创木酚过氧化物酶活性和抗坏血酸比之前显著增加。因此，在较强的酸性条件下，愈创木酚过氧化物酶和抗坏血酸有助于清除活性氧。然而，由于膜脂质受伤和坏死，它们无法避免细胞损伤。 关键词 抗氧化物酶，菲律宾樟树，脂质过氧化作用，模拟酸雨。 结论 增加四种抗氧化酶的活性：愈创木酚过氧化物酶，过氧化氢酶，抗坏血酸过氧化物酶，谷胱甘肽还原酶，可能被解释为在酸雨胁迫初期的一种防御机制。 然而，当细胞损伤超出细胞的修复能力时，持续升高的酸的浓度胁迫下，细胞的四种抗氧化酶活性下降。在酸胁迫后期，愈创木酚过氧化物酶活性和抗坏血酸比例仍然增加。因为膜脂质受伤，这种活化的抗氧化系统是不够使细胞免于损伤的。此外，基于我们的研究结果，可以推断出严重的酸雨胁迫导致早衰。

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