英语国家概况(2)期末模拟试卷A
英语国家概况期末考试试题含答案中南民族大学
英语国家概况期末考试试题含答案中南民族大学1.The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on(D).A.passing the billsB.advising the governmentC.political partiesD.public attitude2.The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and(D).ernment interventionB.nationalization of enterprisesC.social reformD.a belief in individualism3.Cabinet members are chosen by(B)in Britain.A.the monarchB.the Prime MinisterC.the ArchbishopD.the Lord Chancellor4.The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except(A).A.Trooping the ColorB.Queen's Christmas messageC.Boxing DayD.Christmas pantomime5. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it(A).A.set up the National Health ServicesB.improved public transportationC.abolished the old tax systemD.enhanced the economic development6.The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT(C).A.the frequent fog in winterB.the large number of rainy daysC.extreme coldness even in summerD.changeability all the year round7.(C)was not among the four self governing dominions in the British Empire.A.AustraliaB.CanadaC.IndiaD.the Union of South Africa8.The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of(C).A.the House of ValoisB.the House of YorkC.the House of TudorD.the House of Lancaster9.The(C)marked the establishment of feudalism in England.A.Viking invasionB.signing of the Magna CartaC.Norman ConquestD.adoption of common law10.Such big cities as Glasgow,Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the(D)A.oil industryB.car industryC.shipping companiesD.coalfields11.Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligation other than to strive for beauty "art for art's sake".The most important representative of Aestheticism is(B).A.Thomas HardyB.Oscar WildeC.Virginia WoolfD.William Butler Yeats12.(C)is viewed as Romantic poetry's "Declaration ofIndependence".A."1 Wondered Lonely as a Cloud"B.Don JuanC."Preface to Lyrical Ballads"D.Prometheus Unbound。
英语国家概况期末复习2
人物与历史文献USTea Act 茶税法The Treaty of Paris 巴黎公约1783年美英两国于巴黎签订的条约同样成为《巴黎条约》，该条约的签订代表着英国承认美国独立，停止敌对行为，但仅承认美国占领密西西比河以东的土地。
第二次大陆会议(The Second Continental Congress) 费城(Philadelphia)召开George Washington 乔治·华盛顿: commander in Continental Army«美利坚合众国宪法»（The Constitution of the United States），通称«美国联邦宪法»或«美国宪法»（U.S. Constitution）1787年宪法Thomas Jefferson托马斯·杰斐逊:The Declaration of Independence «独立宣言»Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕·林肯:the Emancipation Proclamation «解放黑人奴隶宣言»Homestead Act «宅地法»Franklin D. Roosevelt富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福: The New Deal罗斯福新政1933年富兰克林·罗斯福就任美国总统后所实行的一系列经济政策，其核心是三个R：救济（Relief）、复兴（Recovery）和改革（Reform），因此有时也被称为三R新政。
Agricultural Adjustment Act «农业调整法»National Industrial Recovery Act «全国工业复兴法»«社会保障法»马丁．路德．金恩(Martin Luther King)Civil Rights Movement 民权运动我有一个梦想(I Have a Dream)Harry Truman哈瑞．杜鲁门:杜鲁门主义The Truman Doctrine马歇尔计划（The Marshall Plan），也称为欧洲复兴计划European Recovery ProgramReagan里根: Star Wars Program 星球大战计划Irangate Scandal 伊朗门事件Nixon尼克松: Watergate Scandals 水门事件Bill Clinton 克林顿: Zippergate ScandalUK«大宪章»：Magna Carta / The Great Charter 1215年King John 国王约翰to impose legal limits on the King's personal power in raising money from his subjects «权力请愿书»: The Petition of Right 1628年Charles 查理一世第29页«权利法案» :Bill of Rights 第32页The treaty of Paris 1763年第32页概念搭配UK1、ConstitutionA constitution is a set of rules and conventions that lays down the powers and functions of state institutions and their relationship with each other.2、The cabinetThe major decision-making body in the government, is often associated with the office of the Prime Minister.3、Tribunal (法院，仲裁机构)A more informal and less expensive alternative to civil and criminal courts, which handles minor cases outside of the official court system.4、The Lord Chancellor（英国上议院的）大法官The Lord Chancellor is head of the judiciary (司法部，法院)in England and Wales.5、The social security systemIt is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need from the cradle to the grave.US1、Congress (国会)The legislative branch of the federal government ,is made up of the Senate and the House of Representative.2、The Supreme CourtConsists of a chief justice and eight associate justices.问答题英国部分Unit 3 P411. Who were the main foreign invaders of Britain at different times in British history? What contributions have they respectively made to the British culture, or what impacts have they had? 英国历史上不同时期主要的外国侵略者？及对英国的文化贡献或影响？P13(1)Julius Caesar 凯撒大帝(55BC) Hadrian’s Wall Words of Latin origins, Roman numbers, the solar calendar, Roman laws, and the census人口普查 ['sensəs] took root locally. Christianity spread(2)Germanic tribesmen 日耳曼人developed the Heptarchy, ['heptɑːkɪ]七王国；七头统治；七国连盟established Old English(3)Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊Christianity gained hold in Britain(4)Normans 诺曼人made Norman feudalism封建主义；封建制度['fjuːdəlɪz(ə)m]2. What was the social background for the Reformation to take place in England? What major achievements did the Elizabethan [i,lizə'bi:θən] 伊丽莎白一世时代的era ['ɪərə] witness?英格兰革新的社会背景？伊丽莎白一世见证的成就？P28In the Middle Ages, the Church had gained not only material importance, but also extensive power in politics and law. ﹙P28﹚Elizabeth: Putting to rest the religious issues;Reducing the power of the old nobility;Reaching farther than before through trade and adventure;Defeating Armada at sea Cultural and artistic movements (the English Renaissance) 3. How did the English Civil War break out? What were the consequences of the war?英国内战如何爆发？结果如何？P29The absolute rule of Charles I aroused the resistance of the people and the bourgeoisies. Charles took conteraction. He wanted to arrest Pym, Hampden and three other leaders of the Commons, but he failed to do so. So, he departed for the north, hoping to find supporters in the west and north districts. Thus the Civil War began. Consequences: The King Charles’s arm was defeated. Charles I was beheaded. In 1649, the House of Lords and the office of King were abolished and a Council of State was set to carry the executive work of the government, and England was declared a Commonwealth.Unit 4 P504. What are the characteristics of the British Constitution ?英国宪法的特点？P43(1)Constitutional monarchy ['mɒnəkɪ] 君主立宪制(2)Parliamentary sovereignty ['sɒvrɪntɪ] 议会至上(3)Representative democracy 代议民主(4)The rule of law ﹝P43﹞5. What are the functions of Parliament? How does the law-making process work?议会的功能是什么？法律制定工作是如何运行的？P44(1)To legislate立法(2)To vote the taxation 征税and expenditures [ɪk'spɛndɪtʃɚ] 支出of thegovernment(3)To examine government policies and administration 行政(4)To debate major political issues of the day （P45）6. What is meant by the “two-party system” in the UK today? How effective is such a system ?英国两党制在今天有何意义？这种制度如何起作用？P48The British party politics of government in the UK Parliament with power being held by either Conservative Party or Labour Party. The party which wins most MP seats in the House of Common becomes the goverment. The largest minority party becomes the official Opposition,with its own leader and "shadow cabinet".美国部分Unit 1 P1231.What are the characteristics of "Middle America", geographically, culturally, andpolitically?美国中部的地理、文化、政治特点？P115Geographically, the Middle America refers to the territory between the East Coast of the United States (particularly the northeast) and the West Coast. It has yielded some of America's greatest agricultural and mineral wealth,is the heart of America.Culturally, America is contrasted with the more culturally progressive urban areas of the country, particularly, those of the East and West Coasts. The conservative values considered typical of Middle America (often called "family values" in American politics) are often called "Middle American values".The idea of Middle America may exclude locations such as Chicago (the third largest city in the United States and one of the world's ten alpha cities) and very wealthy cities like Aspen, Colorado. The coastal regions of the southern United States are implicitly included.Politically, The phrase Middle American values is a political cliché; like family values, it refers to more traditional or conservative politics, although larger cities such as St. Louis, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota, and major university towns such as Madison, Wisconsin, Columbia, Missouri and Lawrence, Kansas provide exceptions. Many of the political battleground states are situated in "Middle America".2.What makes the Northeast stand out as a unique cultural region?美国东北部独特的文化区域？P119the Northeast of America is densely populated and high urban, and it's the nation's economic and cultural center. Since this area was one of the two earliest settlements by British colonists, Americans tend to trace many of the nation's core values to theregion. One of the region's greatest strengths in its economic competition with other regions is its long tradition of support for education. Additionally, the region has also enjoyed a long history of booming tourism industry, both for its beautiful landscape and for its significant role in shaping the early part of American history.Unit 2 P1433.What do you think of the Founding Fathers of the United States of America?Were they great ?你怎么看待美国的开国元勋？他们获得哪些伟大的成就？America has produced such great men as George Washington,Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Undoubtedly, the Founding Fathers of the United States of America made great contributions to the US. All served in important positions in the early government of the United States. They also put forth a set of political ideas that became so deeply embedded in the national consciousness that they are often referred to as the "American Credo".4.What were the main reasons that made the United States the world's leadingindustrial power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?19到20世纪美国位于世界工业霸权的地位的主要原因？P128A Yankee tradition of trade and commerce that provided both the skill and the capital required for industrial expansion; a commitment to private property and the profit system that gave the Rockefellers , the Morgans , and the Carnegies the incentive to build corporate empires ; an abundant and skilled labour supply ; political institutions ......P130第一段全部5. What were the chief causes of the Great Depression? Did the New Deal solve the problems brought about by the Depression? Why and why not?大萧条的主要原因？新政解决大萧条问题了吗？P132The chief causes can be found in the unbalanced economy both domestic and international of the twenties.The New Deal didn't solve the problem itself. The New Deal was a series economic programs to help alleviate the disastrous impact of the Great Depression. The programs focused on three aspects, including relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy to normal levels and reform the financial system to prevent a repeated depression.小测Part 1: True or False1. The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions —England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. F Northern Ireland英国由四个政治区组成：英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰P32. The longest river in Britain is the Thames. F the Severn英国最长的河流是赛文河P73. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years to complete. T在英国，大多数本科（学士）学位需要三年才能完成P964. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts. F只有英格兰人才能可盎格鲁—萨克逊人only The English is Anglo-Saxons P135. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property. F英国的社会阶层更注重金钱和财产6. The name “England” derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries. T“英国”的名字来自于盎格鲁，在第五和第六世纪中来到英国的日耳曼部落中的一个P137. The Bank of England is a commercial bank. F英国银行是一家国家中央银行the country’s central bank P678. The members of House of Lord are non-elected. T上议院的成员是非选举产生的P459. More than half of the full-time farms in the UK are devoted to livestock. T超过一半的英国全日制农场从事畜牧业P6510. The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is The Times. F英国销量最大的报纸是太阳报The Sun P10411. The UK Parliament comprises two elements: the House of Lord and the House of Commons. F英国议会由三个部分组成：王权、上议院和下议院The Crown、the non-elected House of Lord and the elected House of Commons P4512. Social Security in U.K. is mainly supported by the government.F英国的社会保障主要是由纳税机构支持的。
英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷A
英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷A ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and and D. D. D. Choose Choose Choose the the the correct correct correct answer answer answer to to to each each each of of of the the the questions questions questions and and and write write write your your your answer answer answer at at at the the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin n 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D The Blue Ridge Mountains 7.Both 7.Both public public public and and and private private private universities universities universities in in in the the the U.S. U.S. U.S. depend depend depend on on on the the the following following following sources sources sources of of of income income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada? A Alberta B Ontario C British Columbia D Quebec 13.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964. A John F.Kennedy B James Farmer C Ella Baker D Martin Luther King, Jr. 14.Which of the following is considered an American master piece? A The Last of the Mohicans B The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow C The Masque of the Red Death D Moby Dick 15.By 1985, how many per cent of immigrants were non-European? A 30 per cent B 80 per cent C 60 per cent D 50 per cent 16.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____. A English B French C Mandarin Chinese D Cantonese 17.Which of the following novels was made into an extremely successful film in 1997? A Lost in the Barrens B The Two Solitudes C The Handmaid's Tale D The English Patient 18.Which of of the the the following following invention facilitated the the out-migration-movement out-migration-movement into into suburban suburban location? A automobile B electric lawn mower C mechanical reaper D telephone 19.The tradition of the vocal ballad which contributed to the blues form was usually accompanied by ___. A a guitar B a piano C a banjo D a trombone and a cymbal 20. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government? A the Queen B a Cabinet Minister C the Prime Minister D the Government General ⅡThere There are are are altogether altogether altogether 15 15 15 blanks blanks blanks in in in the the the following following following sentences. sentences. sentences. Fill Fill Fill in in in the the the blanks blanks blanks and and and write write write your your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 21. The Constitution set up a federal system with ____. 22. 22. T.S. T.S. T.S. Eliot's Eliot's Eliot's long long long poem poem poem ____ ____ ____ revealed revealed revealed a a a pessimistic pessimistic pessimistic view view view of of of post-World post-World post-World War War War 1 1 1 society. society. society. He He dominated the so-called "Modern" movement in poetry. 23. Mark Twain ’s ____ is considered the greatest novel in American literature. 24.The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands for ____ and NFC, which stands for ____. 25.As a member of the Commonwealth, Canada used to unquestioningly assist ___ in its foreign policy. 26.Canada preferred to establish a nation based on _____,_____ and good government. 27.The first Catholic president in the U.S.was ____. 28.The 28.The civil civil civil rights rights rights movement, movement, movement, together together together with with with ____ ____ ____ and and and ____ ____ ____ during during during the the the 1960s 1960s 1960s had had had been been been deeply deeply rooted in U.S.history. 29.____ is the most successful and internationally recognized of current Canadian novelists. 30.Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income in the U.S.:_____, endowment and _____. 31. Jazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by ____. ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 32.Where did the English first settlers land in North America? 33.Who was the main author of Declaration of Independence? 34.What is the symbol of the Republican Party? 35.Which church do the majority of Americans belong to? 36.Who was the author of Leaves of Grass? 37.Which invention marked the beginning of "The Age of Visual Information"? 38.Who were assinated in 1968 which was known as a violent and tragic year in U.S. history? 39.Who suggests that the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature? 40.Who made the first desktop PC? 41.What is the other official language besides English in Canada? ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 42.Mark Twain 43.Henry Ford 44.Niagara Falls 45.American Indians 46.Disneyland 47. a federal system 48. NBA 49.Blues 英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷BⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and and D. D. D. Choose Choose Choose the the the correct correct correct answer answer answer to to to each each each of of of the the the questions questions questions and and and write write write your your your answer answer answer at at at the the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.Which of the following statements refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention? A Virginia B Rhode Island C New York D Maryland 2.Which of the following was NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights? A The freedom of religion B The freedom of searching a person's home by police C The freedom of speech and of the press D The right to own weapons if one wishes 3.Mark Twain' works are characterized by the following except ____. A sense of humor B egotism C jokes D tall tales 4.The United States was rated ____ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population. A second B third C fourth D fifth 5.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs? A Protestant B Catholic C Islamic D Judaism 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D The Blue Ridge Mountains 7.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except ____. A the Bill of Rights B the judicial review C the political party system D the powers of the president 8.When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio? A 1901 B end of 19th century C New Year's Eve 1905 D Christmas Eve 1905 9.____ led to the end of Pony Express System? A Telephone B Telegraph C Railroad D Steamboat 10 One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513) in the U.S. is ____. A New Y ork B Boston C Philadelphia D St Augustine 11.Which of the following is NOT a team game? A volleyball B bowling C soccer D field hockey 12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada? A Alberta B Ontario C British Columbia D Quebec 13.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education? A universities and colleges B research institutions C technical institutions D undergraduate institutions 14.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, secondary school C Elementary school, junior high school D junior high school, senior high school 15. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada? A Manitoba B Saskatchewan C Ontario D Quebec 16.Which of the following parties represents the most interests of Quebec? A the Bloc Quebecois B the Progressive Party C the Liberal Party D the Reform Party 17.Who wrote the book The Scalpel, The Sword? A F.R Scott B Norman Bethune C Ted Allan D Mordecai Richer 18.Around the beginning of 20th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ____. A work as farmers and miners B build the railroad C do fur trade D open shops 19.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____. A English B French C Mandarin Chinese D Cantonese 20.Who suggests the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature? A Margaret Laurence B Michael Ondaatje C Margaret Atwood D Ted Allan ⅡThere There are are are altogether altogether altogether 15 15 15 blanks blanks blanks in in in the the the following following following sentences. sentences. sentences. Fill Fill Fill in in in the the the blanks blanks blanks and and and write write write your your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 21.The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the U.S. Constitution was made is ____. 22.'WASP' stands for ____. 23. ___ won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993, the first Afro- American writer to receive this honor. 24.F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel ____ was about youth's golden dream turning to disappointment. 25.When either team calls for a stop, this is called ____. 26.The capital of Canada is ____and the second largest city is _____. 27.Americans movies were mostly made in ____, near the city of _____ in South California. 28.There are two divisions in National Basketball Association, _____ and _____. 29.In 29.In the the the summer summer summer of of of 1963, 1963, 1963, hundreds hundreds hundreds of of of thousands thousands thousands of of of peaceful peaceful peaceful demonstrators, demonstrators, demonstrators, marched marched marched to to Washington, D.C., where _____ gave the famous _____ speech. 30.The Canadian parliament is divided into a lower house named ____ and an upper house called _____. ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 31.Who started the New Deal? 32.When did the United States have the first standard paper currency? 33.Who was the first to use assembly line for manufacturing cars? 34.Where was the first continental Congress held? 35.What is the main duty of the U.S. congress? 36.Who heads the judicial branch? 37.What does "K" stand for in the term of "K to 12 education"? 38.Who is the official head of Canada? 39.What is the other official language besides English in Canada? 40.What is the symbol of the Democratic Party? ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points) 41.Disneyland 42.the "Beat Generation" 43.elementary school 44 The Scarlet Letter 45. Niagara Falls 46.The Stevens 47.Margaret Atwood 48.the Bill of Rights 。
《英语国家概况》模拟试卷(二)
《英语国家概况》模拟试卷（二）(考试时间150分钟) (英语专业)I. Direction: Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A; B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet (25%)1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain.A. oneB. twoC. threeD. four2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______.A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765.A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________.A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom.A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921.A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council7. Irish broadcasting began in ______ in a small studio called Dublin Broadcasting Station.A. 1906B. 1916C. 1926D. 19368. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery.A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______.A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States.A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________.A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world’s grain and s upplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world.A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh13. Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States.A. StateB. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal.A. George Washington’sB. Thomas Jefferson’sC. Abraham Lincoln’sD. Franklin Roosevelt’s15. The exploratory voyage made by ______ brought to a close to an era of European discovery of Australia that had lasted nearly two hundred years.A. Arthur PhilipB. Mathew FlindersC. Port JacksonD. Peter Lalor16. After the outbreak of the First World War, Australia followed Britain’s lead and declared war on ________.A. JapanB. TurkeyC. ItalyD. Germany17. The European discovery of Canada can be traced back to the end of the ______ century.A. 14thB. 15thC. 16thD. 17th18. Northern provinces and territories tale up _____ of Canada.A. halfB. two thirdsC. one thirdD. four fifths19. In New Zealand, hydroelectricity from rivers and dams supplies ________ of total energy.A. 15%B. 16%C. 17%D. 18%20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday.A. children’sB. men’sC. women’sD. old men’s21. Australia is generally divided into the following three topographical regions except _____.A. the Great Western PlateauB. the OutbackC. the Eastern HighlandsD. the Central Eastern Lowlands22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____.A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth23. New Zealand is the world’s largest exporters of ________.A. lambB. expertiseC. honeyD. potatoes24. Today _____ is Ireland’s most influential daily.A. the Irish PressB. the Irish IndependenceC. the Irish TimesD. the Irish Daily25. In the United States, _____ is a leading commercial crop in the South.A. cottonB. tobaccoC. peanutD. appleII. Directions Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true of false. Put T if you think it is true of F if you think it is false in the corresponding space on you answer sheet. (15%)1. ______ William Walworth launched the Peasant Revolt of 1381 in England.2. ______ In the English Civil War, the Puritans were not the King’s opponents.3. ______ The Chartists could be roughly divided into two groups: the Moral Force Chartists andthe Physical Force Chartists.4. ______ In Britain, changes of Government do not involve changes in departmental staff, who continue to carry out their duties whichever party is in power.5. ______ The British criminal law presumes the innocence of the accused until he has been proven guilty beyond reasonable doubt.6. ______ As committed to the goal of a united Ireland, Dublin refuses to negotiate a settlement of the problem of Northern Ireland with London.7. ______ After the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was never practiced against black Americans.8. ______ When the Korean War broke out in June, 1950, Truman sent the 7th Fleet to the Taiwan Straits to prevent the PLA from liberating Taiwan.9. ______ Canada possesses rich and vast natural resources which are significant in the Canadian economy.10. ______ The rich green mountains and valleys make New Brunswick Nova Scotia, Prince Edward island, and Newfoundland the most beautiful in Canada.11. ______ The minerals and energy industry is supplementary to the Australian economy.12. ______ Captain Matthew Flinder’s exploratory voyage to Australia between 1802 and 1803 brought a close to an era of European discovery.13. ______ In 1995, about 14% of the US population lived under the poverty line.14. ______ In 1948, Ireland voted itself out of the British Common wealth.15. ______ Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, secondary and higher education.III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)1. The England Civil War not only overthrew _____ in England, but also undermined the feudal rule in Europe.2. Two of the most important literary writers of the late 17th Century England were _____ and _____. Both were Puritans.3. During the WW II, the leaders of the United States, the Soviet Union and Britain met at ______, _______ and _______ conferences.4. The American War of Independence show that a ______ nation can defeat a _______ one.5. Canada’s early economic development was founded on a number of resource - based ______: fishing, forestry, _______ and mining.6. Britain is a welfare state which is funded out of ______ and ______.7. The government education departments _____ education policies and are also responsible for the ________ and training of teachers.8. The South’s lending industries are those that make use of the _______ supply of natural resources and _____ materials.9. The Senate serves a term of _____ years, and every two years, _______ of the Senators stands for re - election.10. Fianna Fail continues to demand that the British be withdrawn from ______ but it opposes the use of violence to achieve this goal.11. Australia’s two territories ar e Australian Capital Territory and ________.12. Australia’s rural children can learn their lessons through a radio educational system called _____.13. According to the Treaty of Waitangi, if Maori owners wanted to sell _______, only the Crown had the right to ______.14. Mrs. Thatcher’s government used both _____ and _______ policies to improve the efficiency of the British economy in the 1980’s.15. In 1885 ________ was completed and the country was linked from coast to coast.16. Ireland is a ______ republic and a unitary state under the 1937 Constitution.17. The highest peak of Britain is ______. It is about ________ meters high, located in the Highlands of Scotland.18. ________ is the largest and most populous of the three political divisions on the island of Great Britain.19. In the 1770s _______ visited New Zealand and claimed it for England.20. The New York Stock Market crash of 1929 marked the beginning of ________.21. By 1918 car _______ had reached 2.5 million, which showed the United States was on the way to becoming a nation on ______.22. The Paris Conference ending the First World War was dominated by the Big Four: the United States, _______, France, and _______.23. Many of Canada’s earliest settlements were founde d by fur traders and _______.24. Besides the Great Lakes, Canada is also endowed with three “inland seas”, known as _______, Lake Winnipeg and ________.25. In the UK, the party which wins the second largest number of seats in the House becomes _______, with is one leader, and forms a ________.26. The Governor - General of a Commonwealth state is appointed by the Queen on the advice of ______ of the country concerned and completely independent of the British Government.27. In 1453 England was at last defeated in the ______ Years War. At that time power in England was in the hands of a number of rich and ______ nobles.28. During the First Civil War of the England Bourgeois Revolution, those who stood on the side of the king were called ________ and those who supported the Parliament were called ______ because of their short haircuts.29. The legislative body in the province of Quebec is called the “National Assembly” while in Newfoundland it is called ________.30. Canadian law has its source in ______ and judicial _____, and also in British “common law”.31. During World War II, Australian women took over the _______ left vacant by men who were engaged in the _______ effort.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Thatcherism2. diversity of American education3. the Canadian Shield4. Australia’s service industries5. the New DealV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?4. Sinn FeinVI. Directions: Write between 100 ~ 150 words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?全国高等教育自学考试模拟试卷(二)英语国家概况参考答案I.1. C2. B3. B4. D5. A6. B7. C8. D9. D 10. B11. A 12. B 13. A 14. B 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. D 19. C 20. A21. B 22. D 23. A24. C 25. AII.1. F2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. F8. T9. T10. T 11. F 12. T 13. T 14. F 15. TIII.1. the feudal system2. John Bunyon, John Milton3. Teheran; Yalta; Potsdam4. strong5. industry; agriculture6. contributions national insurance, taxation7. formulate; supply8. abundant; raw9. one, one third10. Northern Ireland11. Northern Territory12. School of the air13. land; buy14. macreconomic, microeconomic15. the Canadian Pacific Railway16. Parliamentary17. Ben Nevis; 1,300018. England19. Captain James Cook20. the Great Depression21. registration; wheels22. Britain; Italy23. trappers24. Great Bear Lake; Great Slave Lake25. the Opposition, Shadow cabinet26. the ministers27. Hundred, ambitious28. Cavaliers, Roundheads29. House of Assembly30. Acts; decisions31. jobs, warsIV.1. ThatcherismThe election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred to as Thatcherism. It included the return to private ownership of state - owned industries, the use of monetarist policies to control inflation, the weakening of trade unions, the strengthening of the role of market forces in the economy, and an emphasis on law and order.2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.3. the Canadian ShieldThe Canadian Shield is a semicircular band of rocky highlands and plateaus around Hudson Bay from the northern shores of Quebec to the Arctic shores of the Northwest Territories. It is a region of rounded hills, and tens of thousands of lakes and swamps.4. Australia’s service industriesService industries are also called “tertiary industy”. This sector now includes an additional “quaternary” level, which covers the research, processing and storage of information. Australia’s service sector is the fastestgrowing one. It has been growing in importance, due to higher living standards and greater demand for more and better transport and housing, and the expansion by government of educational, health and welfare services.5. the New DealIn order to deal with the Depression, President Franklin Roosevelt put forward the New Deal program. It passed a lot of New Deal laws and set up many efficient social security systems. TheNew Deal helped to save American democracy and the development of American economy.V.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.VI.1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the DemocraticParty was dominant, with short interruptions.Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.。
英语国家概况(2)考试样题
湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题（开卷）注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。
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三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。
Part I. Multiple Choice (20小题，每题2分，共40分)Directions: Choose the best answer according to the coursebook.1. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except ______.A. challenging the authority of the PopeB. salvation through faithC. salvation through the churchD. establishing a direct contact with God2. Which of the following statements was NOT correct when the Constitution was written?A. There was a Bill of rights in the Constitution.B. There was no Bill of rights.C. The constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedom or the basic rights.D. A “Bill of Right” was added to the Constitution 4 years after the Constitution was made.3. The first factory in the United State was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, in the state of______.A. New YorkB. Rhode IslandC. ConnecticutD. Georgia4. The United States had the first standard paper currency ______.A. in 1839B. in 1863C. in 1880D. in 19135. Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A. Nature.B. Walden.C. The Scarlet Letter.D. The Fall of the House of Usher.6. Mark Twain’s works are characterized by the following except ______.A. sense of humorB. egotismC. jokesD. tall tales7. Three of the following factors have contributed to the flourishing of large universities inAmerica, which is the exception?A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.B. Large universities provide the students with “mainframe” computers.C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories.8. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights in the South was known as______.A. the Black MuslimsB. Federal Bureau of InvestigationC. Students for a Democratic SocietyD. Ku Klux Klan9. Which of the following does NOT belong to white-collar crime?A. Bribery.B. Tax evasion.C. False advertising.D. Robbery.10. Which organization in the United States demonstrated strongly against any laws that mightrestrict gun ownership?A. The NRA (National Rifle Association).B. The Supreme Court.C. The Asian Society.D. The Labor Union11. From the 1960s onward, learning from the tactics of the great black leaders, Martin LutherKing Jr., feminists took the following actions except ______.A. violenceB. demonstrationsC. sit-insD. letter campaigns to their Congressmen12. The American foreign policy up to WWII can be described as ______.A. containmentB. swinging between containment and interventionismC. swinging between isolationism and internationalismD. unilateralism13. The Clinton Administration made the following elements the three pillars of Americanforeign policy. Which of them is not included?A. National security.B. Contraction.C. Economic prosperity.D. Promotion of democracy.14. Ronald Reagan used to be a ______.A. basketball playerB. sports radio announcerC. conservative political columnistD. sports writer15. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to NewMexico is ______.A. the Appalachian MountainsB. the Green MountainsC. the Blue Ridge MountainsD. the Rocky Mountains16. Jazz music gains acceptance in all classes in American society because of the followingreasons. Which is the exception?A. It initially appealed to the young and rebellious.B. Jazz Musicians worked Indian American music into the music.C. Jazz music was made modified and became more refined.D. Both A and C.17. The two main land masses in New Zealand are ______.A. the White Island and the thermal regionB. the North Island and the South IslandC. the Southern Alps and the North IslandD. Auckland and the South Island18. The three levels of local governments of New Zealand are ______.A. regional councils, District Courts and community boardsB. the High Court, District Courts and Dispute TribunalsC. regional councils, territorial authorities and community boardsD. regional councils, city councils and community boards19. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A. The Queen.B. A Cabinet Minister.C. The Prime Minister.D. The Governor General20. To promote peace and cooperation among nations, Canada played an active role in thefollowing international organizations. Which is the exception?A. The United Nations.B. The Commonwealth.C. La Francophonie.D. The National Organization of Women.Part II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分)Directions: Write a T in the space provided if the statement is true. Write an F in the space if the statement is false. Your judgment should be based on your understanding of the coursebook. ( ) 21. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived.These three civilizations were the Aztecs, the Incas and the Mayas.( ) 22. The freedom of religion, speech and the press is guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.( ) 23. A great economist in the Industrial Revolution Era was an American named Adam Smith. ( ) 24. According to John Locke, the right to govern comes from an agreement or social contract voluntarily entered into by free people.( ) 25. Emily Dickinson, Edith Wharton, Willa Cather and Kate Chopin were American women novelists in the late 19th and early 20th century.( ) 26. To get a bachelor’s degree, an undergraduate student is required to attend lectures and complete assignments, pass examinations, and earn a certain number of credits at the end of the four years at college.( ) 27. After World War I, the Anglophile WASPs gradually lost their privileged position.( ) 28. Apple Computers made the first desktop PC. (Unit 13)( ) 29. In 1976, James Cook visited New Zealand and claimed it for Britain.( ) 30. The capital of Canada is Montreal and the second largest city is Ottawa.Part III. Term Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分)Directions: Explain each of the following in no more than five sentences.31. George Washington32. Mark Twain33. Thomas Alva Edison34. The New Zealand Parliament35. The Canadian identityPart IV. Reflection Questions: (2大题，每题10分，共20分)Directions: Answer each of the following questions in no less than100 words.36. By whom was the Declaration of Independence was mainly drafted? And when was itadopted? What did the Declaration of Independence declare?37. When and where did early jazz music appear? Why was it a blend? What was a defendingmark of the early New Orleans jazz? What instruments do the jazz bands use? How many styles did Jazz music develop into?湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题答题纸Part I. Multiple Choice (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7. 8. 9. 10.11. 12. 13. 14. 15.16. 17. 18. 19. 20.Part II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分) 21. 22. 23. 24. 25.26. 27. 28. 29. 30.Part III. Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分) 31.32.33.34.35.Part IV. Reflection Questions: (2大题，每题10分，共20分) 36.37.湖南广播电视大学开放教育英语专业专科英语国家概况（2）考试样题标准答案及评分细则Part I. Multiple Choice: (20小题，每题2分，共40分)1. C2. A3. B4. C5. B6. B7. C8. D9. D 10. A11. A 12. C 13. B 14. B 15. D16. D 17. B 18. C 19. C 20. DPart II. TRUE / FALSE (10小题，每题2分，共20分)21. T 22. T 23. F 24.T 25. F26. T 27. F 28. F 29. F 30. FPart III. Term Explanation: (5小题，每题4分，共20分)31. George Washington (Unit 3)George Washington was one the founding fathers of the American Republic. (2分) He was the Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army in the War of Independence against the British colonial rule and the first President of the United States. (2分)32. Mark Twain (Unit 7)Mark Twin is the pen name of Samuel Clemens. (1分) He was one of the great American writers. He captured a peculiarly American sense of humor. (1分) He represented a new American voice. His major works was “The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn” (1884) which has been called the greatest novel in American literature. (2分)33. Thomas Alva Edison (Unit 13)Thomas Alva Edison is a well-known American inventor. (2分) Among his many inventions are: electric lamp, phonograph, motion pictures and parallel circuit. (2分)34. The New Zealand Parliament (Unit 2)Since 1950 Parliament has had a single chamber, the House of Representatives. (1分) It’s functions include passing laws, supervising the government’s administration and receiving petitions from citizens with grievances. (2分) Currently there are 120 Members of Parliament, all elected by voters. (1分)35. The Canadian identity (Unit 17)The Canadian identity refers to something which is distinctively Canadian, which is different from other countries, and which is the very reason for making Canada so special. (2分) For example, two official languages of English and French can be considered as part of the Canadian identity. (2分)评分细则：第三部分为解释题，5题，每题4分，共20分。
英语国家概况期末试卷样本.doc
科目：《英语国家概况》（A卷）Final Examination on A Guide to English-Speaking Countries 一Multiple choice ( 30’)(D ) 1As a result of the Black Death, much land was left untended and there was aterrible shortage of ___ in England.A grainB farm toolsC housesD labor( D ) 2In the late 17th century, two of most famous literary works were Pilgrim’sProgressand _________ .A the Jew of MaltaB the School of ArcheryC Novum OrganumD Paradise Lost(C ) 3.In 1836, a group of skilled workers and _____ formed the London WorkingMen’s Association.A householdersB tenantsC small shopkeepersD office workers( C ) 4. In the Industrial Revolution, changesoccurred earliest and quickest in theindustry of ______.A. pottery B hardware C textiles D chemicals( C ) 5. In Britain police officers are not allowed to join ________ or to go on strike.A a choirB a political partyC a trade unionD a club(B ) 6The Great Carter of 1215 is also known as _________.A People’s CharterB Magna CartaC King’ s CharterD the Declaration of human rights(B ) 7 Henry Ⅱ was the first king of the ________ dynasty.A MalcolmB PlantagenetC WindsorD Tudor( A) 8. __________ is the most typically English of sportsA CricketB GolfC TennisD Horse-racing ( A ) 9.By the Treaty of ______ of 1842, China ceded _______ to Britain.A Nanjing, Hong KongB Tianjing, Hong KongC Nanjing, MacauD Tianjing, Macau( D ) 10.In _______, the name Great Britain came into being.A 1689B 1702C 1701D1707( C ) 11. The serious economic crisis in the late 1920s and the beginning of 1930s was first brought about by ___.A the farm failureB the bank failuresC the stock market crashD the high unemployment( D ) 12． What are the problems that the . economy has faced from time to timeA InflationB DepressionsC RecessionsD all of the above ( A ) 13．The real American literature began________.A after the war of IndependenceB after the Westward MovementC after the Civil WarD after the Civil Rights Movement ( A ) 14.In 1900, the United States ranked first in the production of ____ .A coalB electricityC oilD wheat( D ) 15.In the United States, if the parents don’ t send their children to school at certain age, ________ .A the state government will be responsible for itB they will educate the children themselvesC they can save a lot of moneyD they are breaking the law( D ) 16. The . and China established their diplomatic relations in _____.A 1974B 1972C 1978D1979( C ) 17 In his inaugural speech, ______ said that“the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”.A Woodrow WilsonB Theodore RooseveltC Franklin D. RooseveltD George Washington(C ) 18. One of the characteristics of the American people is _______ and it is said they are always ______.A liberty, debatingB aggressiveness, starting warsC mobility, on the moveD greediness, making money( D ) 19. Hemingway’s most famous masterpiece was ______.A The Sun Also RisesB A Farewell to ArmsC For Whom the Bell TollsD Old Man and the Sea(D ) 20. The system of higher education in the U. S. has three principle functions except ____-.A teachingB researchC public serviceD individual service following statements are T (true) or F (false) according to what you have learned’.(10) (T ) 1 There are three political divisions on the island of Great Britain: Scotland, Wales and England.(F)2 Under William’s rule, the freeman were at the bottom of the feudal system. (F ) 3 The English Civil War is also called the Glorious Revolution.(F)4 In , a Parliament has a maximum duration of 4 years.(T)5 Christmas Day, December 25th, celebrates the birth of Christ, and is the greatest of Christian festivals.(F ) 6 Chicago is known as the automobile capital of the world.( T ) 7 Between 1850 and1880, many early Chinese immigrants to the United States worked in the mining industry, especially in the gold mines.(T)8 The Pilgrims built a colony named Plymouth after they arrived in America.(F ) 9. The longest war that the United States has fought is the Civil War.(T ) 10. Higher education in the consists of six types of institutions.三Fill in the following blanks: (10’)1 In 1066, England was conquered by the __ Norman___________ who were led by William the Conqueror.2 The greatest writer in the English language is ___Shakespeare_________________ .3 In criminal trials in Britain, the issue of guilt or innocence is to be decided by the ___ jury __ while sentence is to be passed by the __ judge_____________ .4 The dominant broadcastingcorporation in Britain is __ BBC__________, which is controlled by the state.5 The most famous leader of the American Civil Rights movement in the 1960s was___Martin Luther King___________________.6 The . system of government has two layers of rule. They are the __Federal_________government and the __ State ____ government.7. The National Day of the United States is _ 4, July_____.8 Between 1946 and 1961, more than 63 million babies were born in the United States, who were known as the __baby boom____________ generation.四Give a one-sentence answer to each of the followingquestions.’(30) 1 What is the official name of Britain2 What were the main causes of the Hundred Years’War3 What are the primary sources of British law4 How was the 1920s in the United States described by manyhistorians 5 What is the meaning of the“Lost Generation”6.What were the two guiding principles underlying America diplomatic activities in World War Two7.What are the three periods as far as the evolution the British economy since the Second World War is concerned8.What kind of economic system does the United States have9.Why is education very important to Americans10.What does the British Parliament consist of五Writing.(20’)要求： How to Enhance Our Sense of Happiness1.人们对于如何提升幸福感有不同的看法2.幸福感的提升不仅包括物质层面，也包括参考答案一 1 DDCCC 6 BBAAD 11 CDAAD 16 DCCDD二 1 TFFFT 6 FTTFT三 1 Norman 2 Shakespeare 3 jury judge 4 BBC 5 Martin Luther King6 Federal State7 4, July8 baby boom四1 The official name of Britain is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Nortain Ireland.2 Tthe main causesof the Hundred Years’ War were partly territorial and partly economic.3 The primary sources of British law are: (1) Statutes of Parliament; (2) common law; (3) equity law; (4) European Community law.4 The 1920s in the United States has been described by many historians as a period of material success and spiritual frustration or confusion and purposelessness.5 The “ Lost Generation refers to those who are both physically and spiritually impotent.6 The first was to win the war; the second was to establish a postwar political structure in accord with American interests and to prevent the Soviet Union from over-expansion.7 (1) Steady development in the 50s and 60s;(2)Economic recession in the 70s;(3)Economic recovery in the 80s.8 The United state has a free-market economy with a dominant private sector.9. Because it contributes to developing the national strength and personal success.10 The British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of Lords and the House of Commons.五1Thanksgiving Day is a typical American holiday. It is an annual day of thanks for the blessings people have enjoyed during the year. The theme of thanksgiving has been peace and plenty, health and happiness.2The Civil Rights Act of 1964 It was signed into law by President Jonson in 1964. It outlawed discrimination not only in public housing, but also in employment on thebasis of race, color, religion, sex, or national origin.六1：The election of 1979 returned the Conservative Party to power and Margaret Thatcher became the first woman prime minister in Britain. Her policies are popularly referred toas Thatcherism. It included:(1)the return to private ownership of state-owned industries;(2)the use of monetarist polices to control inflation;(3)the weakening of trade union;(4)the strengthening of the role market forces in the economy;(5)an emphasis on law and order.2 The war, however, had great impact on the development of the United States.（1） The war made people realize the importance of a strong national government.（2） The war strengthened the feeling of national unity and patriotism.（ 3） For almost 10 years after the war, the Americans turned their attention to thedevelopment of the western part of the continent.（4） It made both Britain and Unites States realize that their disputes should be solve through negotiation..Pleasewrite any three of the 13 colonies the British established along the east coast of North America between 1607 and 1733.。
英语国家概况期末复习2
人物与历史文献USTea Act 茶税法The Treaty of Paris 巴黎公约 1783年美英两国于巴黎签订的条约同样成为《巴黎条约》，该条约的签订代表着英国承认美国独立，停止敌对行为，但仅承认美国占领密西西比河以东的土地。
第二次大陆会议 (The Second Continental Congress) 费城(Philadelphia)召开George Washington 乔治·华盛顿: commander in Continental Army«美利坚合众国宪法»（The Constitution of the United States），通称«美国联邦宪法»或«美国宪法»（U.S. Constitution） 1787年宪法Thomas Jefferson托马斯·杰斐逊:The Declaration of Independence «独立宣言»Abraham Lincoln亚伯拉罕·林肯:the Emancipation Proclamation «解放黑人奴隶宣言»Homestead Act «宅地法»Franklin D. Roosevelt富兰克林·德拉诺·罗斯福: The New Deal罗斯福新政1933年富兰克林·罗斯福就任美国总统后所实行的一系列经济政策，其核心是三个R：救济（Relief）、复兴（Recovery）和改革（Reform），因此有时也被称为三R新政。
Agricultural Adjustment Act «农业调整法»National Industrial Recovery Act «全国工业复兴法»«社会保障法»马丁．路德．金恩 (Martin Luther King)Civil Rights Movement 民权运动我有一个梦想 (I Have a Dream)Harry Truman哈瑞．杜鲁门:杜鲁门主义 The Truman Doctrine马歇尔计划（The Marshall Plan），也称为欧洲复兴计划European Recovery ProgramReagan里根: Star Wars Program 星球大战计划Irangate Scandal 伊朗门事件Nixon尼克松: Watergate Scandals 水门事件Bill Clinton 克林顿: Zippergate ScandalUK«大宪章»：Magna Carta / The Great Charter 1215年King John 国王约翰to impose legal limits on the King's personal power in raising money from his subjects«权力请愿书»: The Petition of Right 1628年Charles 查理一世第29页«权利法案» :Bill of Rights 第32页The treaty of Paris 1763年第32页概念搭配UK1、ConstitutionA constitution is a set of rules and conventions that lays down the powers and functions of state institutions and their relationship with each other.2、The cabinetThe major decision-making body in the government, is often associated with the office of the Prime Minister.3、Tribunal (法院，仲裁机构)A more informal and less expensive alternative to civil and criminal courts, which handles minor cases outside of the official court system.4、The Lord Chancellor（英国上议院的）大法官The Lord Chancellor is head of the judiciary (司法部，法院)in England and Wales.5、The social security systemIt is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need from the cradle to the grave.US1、Congress (国会)The legislative branch of the federal government ,is made up of the Senate and the House of Representative.2、The Supreme CourtConsists of a chief justice and eight associate justices.问答题英国部分Unit 3 P411. Who were the main foreign invaders of Britain at different times in British history? What contributions have they respectively made to the British culture, or what impacts have they had? 英国历史上不同时期主要的外国侵略者？及对英国的文化贡献或影响？P13(1)Julius Caesar 凯撒大帝(55BC) Hadrian’s Wall Words of Latin origins, Roman numbers, the solar calendar, Roman laws, and the census 人口普查['sensəs] took root locally. Christianity spread(2)Germanic tribesmen 日耳曼人 developed the Heptarchy, ['heptɑːk ɪ] 七王国；七头统治；七国连盟 established Old English(3)Anglo-Saxon盎格鲁-撒克逊 Christianity gained hold in Britain(4)Normans 诺曼人 made Norman feudalism封建主义；封建制度['fju ːdəlɪz(ə)m]2. What was the social background for the Reformation to take place in England? What major achievements did the Elizabethan [i,lizə'bi:θən] 伊丽莎白一世时代的era ['ɪərə] witness?英格兰革新的社会背景？伊丽莎白一世见证的成就？P28In the Middle Ages, the Church had gained not only material importance, but also extensive power in politics and law. ﹙P28﹚Elizabeth: Putting to rest the religious issues;Reducing the power of the old nobility;Reaching farther than before through trade and adventure;Defeating Armada at sea Cultural and artistic movements (the English Renaissance)3. How did the English Civil War break out? What were the consequencesof the war?英国内战如何爆发？结果如何？P29The absolute rule of Charles I aroused the resistance of the people and the bourgeoisies. Charles took conteraction. He wanted to arrest Pym, Hampden and three other leaders of the Commons, but he failed to do so. So, he departed for the north, hoping to find supporters in the west and north districts. Thus the Civil War began.Consequences: The King Charles’s arm was defeated. Charles I was beheaded. In 1649, the House of Lords and the office of King were abolished and a Council of State was set to carry the executive work of the government, and England was declared a Commonwealth.Unit 4 P504. What are the characteristics of the British Constitution ?英国宪法的特点？P43(1)Constitutional monarchy ['mɒnəkɪ] 君主立宪制(2)Parliamentary sovereignty ['sɒvrɪntɪ] 议会至上(3)Representative democracy 代议民主(4)The rule of law ﹝P43﹞5. What are the functions of Parliament? How does the law-making process work?议会的功能是什么？法律制定工作是如何运行的？P44(1)To legislate立法(2)To vote the taxation 征税 and expenditures [ɪk'spɛndɪtʃɚ] 支出of the government(3)To examine government policies and administration 行政(4)To debate major political issues of the day （P45）6. What is meant by the “two-party system” in the UK today? How effective is such a system ?英国两党制在今天有何意义？这种制度如何起作用？P48 The British party politics of government in the UK Parliament with power being held by either Conservative Party or Labour Party. The party which wins most MP seats in the House of Common becomes the goverment. The largest minority party becomes the official Opposition,with its own leader and "shadow cabinet".美国部分Unit 1 P1231.What are the characteristics of "Middle America", geographically,culturally, and politically?美国中部的地理、文化、政治特点？P115 Geographically, the Middle America refers to the territory between the East Coast of the United States (particularly the northeast) and the West Coast. It has yielded some of America's greatest agricultural and mineral wealth,is the heart of America.Culturally, America is contrasted with the more culturally progressive urban areas of the country, particularly, those of the East and West Coasts. The conservative values considered typical of Middle America (often called "family values" in American politics) are oftencalled "Middle American values".The idea of Middle America may exclude locations such as Chicago (the third largest city in the United States and one of the world's ten alpha cities) and very wealthy cities like Aspen, Colorado. The coastal regions of the southern United States are implicitly included.Politically, The phrase Middle American values is a political clich é; like family values, it refers to more traditional or conservative politics, although larger cities such as St. Louis, Missouri and Minneapolis, Minnesota, and major university towns such as Madison, Wisconsin, Columbia, Missouri and Lawrence, Kansas provide exceptions. Many of the political battleground states are situated in "Middle America".2.What makes the Northeast stand out as a unique cultural region?美国东北部独特的文化区域？P119the Northeast of America is densely populated and high urban, and it's the nation's economic and cultural center. Since this area was one of the two earliest settlements by British colonists, Americans tend to trace many of the nation's core values to the region. One of the region's greatest strengths in its economic competition with other regions is its long tradition of support for education. Additionally, the region has also enjoyed a long history of booming tourism industry, both for its beautiful landscape and for its significant role in shaping the early part of American history.Unit 2 P1433.What do you think of the Founding Fathers of the United States ofAmerica? Were they great ?你怎么看待美国的开国元勋？他们获得哪些伟大的成就？America has produced such great men as George Washington,Thomas Jefferson, and Abraham Lincoln. Undoubtedly, the Founding Fathers of the United States of America made great contributions to the US. All served in important positions in the early government of the United States. They also put forth a set of political ideas that became so deeply embedded in the national consciousness that they are often referred to as the "American Credo".4.What were the main reasons that made the United States the world'sleading industrial power in the late 19th and early 20th centuries?19到20世纪美国位于世界工业霸权的地位的主要原因？P128A Yankee tradition of trade and commerce that provided both the skill and the capital required for industrial expansion; a commitment to private property and the profit system that gave the Rockefellers , the Morgans , and the Carnegies the incentive to build corporate empires ; an abundant and skilled labour supply ; political institutions ......P130第一段全部5. What were the chief causes of the Great Depression? Did the New Dealsolve the problems brought about by the Depression? Why and why not?大萧条的主要原因？新政解决大萧条问题了吗？P132The chief causes can be found in the unbalanced economy both domestic and international of the twenties.The New Deal didn't solve the problem itself. The New Deal was a series economic programs to help alleviate the disastrous impact of the Great Depression. The programs focused on three aspects, including relief for the unemployed and poor, recovery of the economy to normal levels and reform the financial system to prevent a repeated depression.小测Part 1: True or False1. The United Kingdom consists of four political divisions — England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland. F Northern Ireland英国由四个政治区组成：英格兰、苏格兰、威尔士和北爱尔兰 P32. The longest river in Britain is the Thames. F the Severn英国最长的河流是赛文河 P73. In the UK, most undergraduate (bachelor’s) degrees take three years to complete. T在英国，大多数本科（学士）学位需要三年才能完成P964. The English, the Scots, and the Welsh are Anglo-Saxons, but the Irish are Celts. F只有英格兰人才能可盎格鲁—萨克逊人only The English is Anglo-Saxons P135. Social class in the UK lays more emphasis on money and property. F 英国的社会阶层更注重金钱和财产6. The name “England” derived from the Angles, one of the Germanic tribes who came to England in the 5th and 6th centuries. T“英国”的名字来自于盎格鲁，在第五和第六世纪中来到英国的日耳曼部落中的一个 P137. The Bank of England is a commercial bank. F英国银行是一家国家中央银行 the country’s central bank P678. The members of House of Lord are non-elected. T上议院的成员是非选举产生的P459. More than half of the full-time farms in the UK are devoted to livestock. T超过一半的英国全日制农场从事畜牧业P6510. The UK’s biggest-selling newspaper is The Times. F英国销量最大的报纸是太阳报 The Sun P10411. The UK Parliament comprises two elements: the House of Lord and the House of Commons. F英国议会由三个部分组成：王权、上议院和下议院 The Crown、the non-elected House of Lord and the elected House of Commons P45 12. Social Security in U.K. is mainly supported by the government.F英国的社会保障主要是由纳税机构支持的。
《英语国家概况》期末复习题(含答案)
英语国家概况》期末复习题（含答案）（第I卷客观题共45 分）I.选择题（共30 分; 每题 1 分）U.K.1. The importance of the British monarchy can be seen in its effect on ___ . DA. passing the billsB. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude2. The policies of the Conservative Party in Great Britain are characterized by pragmatism and .DA. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism3. Oxford University is the oldest university in the English-speaking world.4. Cabinet members are chosen by __ in Britain. BA. the monarchB. the Prime MinisterC. the ArchbishopD. the Lord Chancellor5. English belongs to the Germanic group of Indo-European family of languages.6. The Severn River is the longest river in Britain.7. The following Christmas traditions are particularly British except ___ . AA. Trooping the ColorB. Queen 's Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime8. Among Britain q'uasl ity press, the following newspapers are regarded as the “BigT hree withthe exception of TheObserver.9. In 2012, Britain had a population of about 63 million.10. The two main islands of the British Isles are Great Britain and Ireland.11. British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher once said that, “ Britain and the USnittaetde s willstand side by side ”.12. The Labor Party affected the British society greatly in that it __ . AA. set up the National Health ServicesB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development13. Margaret Thatcher go'v s ernment introduced the biggest changes in British economic policysince World War II.14. Charles Dickens is a representative of English Critical Realism at the turn of the 19 th century.15. The three principle features of the climate of Britain are the following EXCEPT ___ . CA. the frequent fog in winterB. the large number of rainy daysC. extreme coldness even in summerD. changeability all the year round16. Samuel Johnson 'dsic tionary was influential in establishing a standard form of spelling inEnglish.17. The introduction of Christianity to Britain added the first element of Latin and Greek wordsto English.18. _ was not among the four self-governing dominions in the British Empire. CA. AustraliaB. CanadaC. IndiaD. the Union of South Africa19. Of the following sectors in Britain, service industry has experienced spectacular growthC. RepresentativeD. Senatorsince the end of World War II.20. Cambridge has more Nobel Prize winners than any other institution in Britain. 21. Writers of _____ literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than withreason and intellect. C A. Renaissance B. Neo-ClassicalC. RomanticD. Victorian22. The end of the Wars of the Roses led to the rule of ___ . CA. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster23. Tourists from all over the world come to enjoy the beauty of Scottish scenery, to drink Scotchwhisky and to see Scotsmen wearing kilts .24. The ___ marked the establishment of feudalism in England. C A. Viking invasion B. signing of the Magna Carta C. Norman ConquestD. adoption of common law25. Commonwealth Day is an annual event celebrated on the second Monday in March each year. 26. Such big cities as Glasgow, Manchester, Sheffield and Newcastle are famous for the __ .DA. oil industryB. car industryC. shipping companiesD. coalfields27. During the 15 th and 16 th centuries an intellectual movement known as ____ swept Europe.___ was the greatest playwright of the world produced in this period in England. D A. Romance, Geoffrey Chaucer B. Christianity, George Bernard Shaw C. Italian literary influence, SonnetD. Renaissance, Shakespeare28. Aestheticism is the belief that artists have no obligation other than to strive for beauty--- “art forart 's sake ”. The most important representative of Aestheticism is _________ . B A. Thomas Hardy B. Oscar Wilde D. William Butler Yeats29. The direct cause for the Religious Reformation was King Henry VIII 'effso rt todivorce his wife .U.S.31. The U.S. lies in central North America, with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlanticto its east and the Pacific to its west .32. “No taxation without representation w ”as the rallying slogan before the War of Independence . 33. The Constitution of the United States tries to give each branch enough power to balance theothers .34. The following except the right to get into people 's house a b re y g p u o a li r c a e nteed inthe Billof Rights.35. Of the following persons, the ____ can NOT make legislative proposal in the U.S. A A. Secretary of StateC. Virginia Woolf30. ___ is viewed as Romantic poetry A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud C. “ Preface to Lyrical Ballads 's “ Declaration ofIndepCendence ” B. Don Juan D. Prometheus UnboundB. President36. Of the following subjects, politics and business education are NOT offered to elementary school students inthe U.S.37. Abraham Lincoln issued Emancipation Proclamation to grant freedom to all the slaves in the U.S.38. The terms for a Senator and a Representative in the U.S. are six and two years respectively.39. The National Day of the United States falls on July 4th.40. Washington Irving is regarded as “the father of American literature ”.41. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of Harvard University.42. The first shots of the American War of Independence were fired in Lexington.43. The symbol of the Democratic Party is a/an donkey, and a/an elephant represents the Republican Party.44. The eastern part of the United States consists of the highlands formed by the AppalachianRange and the western part consists of high plateaus and the Rocky Mountains.45. Alaska is the largest state in the whole United States and Texas is the largest state in the part of the U.S. thatis on the mainland.46. In the United States, the Bill of Rights guarantees citizens of the United States specific individual rights andfreedoms.47. The modern American economy progressed from ___ to ___ , and eventually, to ___ . BA. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyC. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy48. The Supreme Court in the United States is composed of nine justices.49. The characteristic of dominant American culture is ___ . BA. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classB. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Roman Catholic and middle-classD. English-speaking, western European, Roman Catholic and upper-class50. The following inventions took place during the “ secondi ndustrial revolution e”xc ept refrigerator.51. Of the following, __ is NOT a characteristic of Mark Twain 'Cs works.A. a realistic viewB. a sense of humorC. an idealistic viewD. colloquial speech52. The first successful English colony in North America was founded at Jamestown in Virginia.53. America produces a major p ortion of the world 's products in the following fields e o x il c. ept54. F. Scott Fitzgerald 's finest novel is _____ , and its theme is about D _ .A. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfB. TenderistheNight , loveC. TheBeautifulandtheDamned , the evil of human natureD. TheGreatGatsby, the American Dream55. Of the following books, ___ is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway. CA. A Farewell to ArmsB. ForWhomtheBellTollsC. TheSoundandtheFuryD. The Sun Also Rises56. The policy of the United States was __ at the beginning of the two world wars. CA. appeasementB. full involvementC. neutralityD. partial involvement 57. The first people on the American continent came from ___ as early as ___ thousand yearsago. C A. Asia, 2 B. Europe, 2 C. Asia, 20 D. Europe, 2058. The first National Bank of the United States was established with the urge of ___ . A A. Alexander Hamilton B. Andrew Jackson C. George Washington D. Thomas Jefferson59. Of the following universities, Massachusetts Institute of Technology has NOT cultivated any American Presidents yet. 60. Of the following writers, ___ is NOT a Nobel Prize winner. A A. Alice Walker B. Ernest Hemingway C. Eugene O ' Neil D. William Faulkner 61. The following except ___ are all powers of the U.S. President. B A. appointing federal judges when vacancies occur B. making lawsC. issuing executive ordersD. vetoing any bills passed by Congress62. Since 1959, the United States has been a country of 50 states.63. Chicago is the third largest city in the United States. It serves as the main connection between the easterncoast cities and the West.64. The distribution of the population in the U.S. is rather uneven. The most densely populatedAB. southeastern D. northwesternto tackle the economic depression in the 1930s B. new dealD. “ Great Society ” policyAustralia66. As an ideal place for investments, Australia' s foreign capital mainl J y a c p o a m n e a s n f d ro mthe United States .th67. January 26th, 1788 is the date celebrated as Australia Day. 68. _ is/are mainly responsible for education in Australia. B69. The first time that Australia developed a foreign policy independent of Britain was ___ . D A. after the establishment of the Commonwealth of Australia B. after World War IIC. during the Great Depression of the 1930sD. during the Pacific War in World War II70. Australia ' s economy depends largely on ______ . C A. agriculture B. manufacturing C. foreign tradeD. tourism71. The Howard government 'fosr eign policy was based on relations with four key countries, namely in Australia.BA. the U.S., Japan, Britain, ChinaB. the U.S., Japan, China, IndonesiaC. the U.S., Japan, Britain, IndonesiaD. the U.S., Britain, China, Indonesia 72. Australian system of teaching and school discipline put emphasis on the following exceptregion is the ___ part of the country. A. northeastern C. southwestern 65. President Roosevelt, in his attemptintroduced his famous ___ . B A. neutrality policy C. new monetarist policiesA. Federal government C. Territory assembliesB. State governments D. Municipal government__ . CA. learning by discovery and questioningB. self-disciplineC. outward disciplineD. encouraging student ' s interest in learning73. Canberra is Australia 's capital.74. In 2013, the population of Australia was about ___ million. AA. 22.9B. 33.9C. 40.9D. 5075. _ is renowned for its unique plant and animal species. It is estimated that there arearound 20,000 to 25,000 different plants native to the land. AA. AustraliaB. CanadaC. The United KingdomD. The United States76. Most anthropologists believe that the Aborigines in Australia migrated from ________ at least50,000 years ago. CA. east AsiaB. south AsiaC. southeast AsiaD. North Asia77. The Commonwealth of Australia was established in ___ . DA. 1847B. 1885C. 1900D. 190178. Australia is a leading supplier of ___ to international markets. DA. agricultural productsB. hi-tech productsC. industrial productsD. mineral resourcesCanada79. The Governor General holds the highest position in the Canadian parliamentary system.80. The ___ is the largest political party in Canada. AA. Liberal PartyB. Conservative PartyC. Canadian Labor CongressD. New Democratic Party Canada is the second largest country in the world.81. Toronto is the largest city in Canada and Ottawa is the capital city.82. _ recognized Quebec as a “ distinct soAciety ” .A. The Meech Lake AccordB. The Quebec ActC. The Constitutional ActD. The British North America Act83. The influence of __ has declined gradually in Parliament in today D ' s Canada.A. the Conservative PartyB. the Canadian Labor CongressC. the Cooperative Commonwealth FederationD. the New Democratic Party84. Kim Campbell was Canada ' s first woman Prime Minister.85. In Canada, the largest religious denomination is the Roman Catholic Church.86. If applicants meet the basic requirements for an immigrant to Canada, they need to do the following except .AA. applying for citizenshipB. taking a medical examC. paying an application feeD. paying a landing fee87. The Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the U.S. are the largest group of freshwater lakes in theworld.88. The name “ Canada ” is said to have derived from the Huron word“ Kanata ”, meaningC A. ocean B. north C. villageD. ice89. In 1497, the voyage led by an Italian captain discovered the eastern shores of Canada, which was claimed as Newfoundland .90. In the early ____ , both Britain and France founded permanent settlements in Canada. C A. 1400sC. 1600s91. After the famous Seven Yearsunder ____ control. B A. Britain, FrenchC. Spain, IndianB. 1500sD. 1700s' War, ____ lost all of its colonies, and the whole Canada cameB. France, British D. India, Spanish92. With the passage of the Statute of Westminster in 1931, Canada was recognized as an equalpartner of Britain.II. 读图题 （共 5分; 每题 1 分）III. 判断题 （共 10 分; 每题 1 分） U.K.1.The British history before 55 BC is basically undocumented. T2. The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo-Saxons. T3. London is one of the three principal financial centers of the world. T4. People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country. F5. The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain. T6. In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions, Queen Elizabeth I actually defended thefruit of the Religious Reformation. T7. The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. T 8. The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history. F 9.In reality, the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers. F10. Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economicdevelopment in Britain.F11. Hamlet depicts the hero ' s struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need toavenge his father ' s muTrder.12. The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period. T13. Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer Iliad . T ' s14. Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy. T15. William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height in Britishliterature. FU.S.16. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November. F17. San Francisco is the second largest city after New York and the world famous Hollywood and Disneyland arelocated there. F18. Walt Whitman introduced great innovations to American literature, and he devised a poetic style, free verse. T19. The United States is the fifth most populous nation in the world, ranking behind China, India, Brazil and SouthAfrica. F20. During Clinton 'tesrm , the economy developed steadily, resulting in a lower rate of unemployment. T21. According to the American administration, Saddam Hussein and Osama bin Laden were responsible for theterrorist event on September 11, 2001. F22. The world economy has little to do with the growth and decline of the American foreign trade. F23. In the United States, certain presidential appointments must be approved by Congress. T24. New York is the commercial and financial center of the United States, and it is also one of the three principaleconomic centers in the world. T25. The Civil War not only put an end to slavery, but also decided that America was a single, indivisible nation. T26. The U.S. congress is the legislative branch of the federal government and it consists of two houses: the Houseof Commons and the House of Lords. F27. The eastern highlands formed by the Appalachians hold one third of the U.S. continental territory. F28. President Roosevelt ' s New Deal had little effect in dealinigth w the economic crisis in theearly 1930s. F29. Jonathan Edwards and Benjamin Franklin are two sources of American literary spirit. T30. The Democratic Party of the U.S. is conservative in terms of its ideology. F Australia31. The Australian Constitution can be changed either by government ' s will or by referendum.F32. Australia Day is on January 26th. T33. Since Australia has a vast cultivable area, it has become the world 'lesa ding exporter of agricultural products.F34. In World War I, all members of the Australian armed forces who served overseas were volunteers. T35. For Australian citizens over the age of 16, it is compulsory to vote at election time. FCanada36. Canada is the third largest country in the world in terms of territory. F37. Multilingualism and multiculturalism are characteristics of Canadian culture. T38. Laval University is the largest institution in Canada, while University of Toronto is the oldest one. F39. Quebec separated from Canada and established a French-speaking nation in the 1960s. F40. The Canadian government is responsible to the King or Queen of Britain. F1. D2. B3. A4. C5. E6. FGroup Three:British Literary PeriodsA. The Modern PeriodB. The Victorian PeriodC. The RenaissanceD. The Middle English PeriodE. The Romantic PeriodF. The Neo-Classical Period1. D2. C3. F4. E5. B6. A )II. 配对题（共20分; 每题 2 分）试卷上会出 2 组，每组 5 题。
北语23春《英语国家概况(II)》作业3-辅导资料-答案
北语23春《英语国家概况（II）》作业3试卷总分:100 得分:100一、单选题 (共 10 道试题,共 50 分)1.What are the original inhabitants of Canada now called?【题目A.项】The Indians【题目B.项】The First Nations【题目C.项】The Eskimos【本题.答案】：B2.Who is the Prime Minister of Canada at present?【题目A.项】Justin Trudeau【题目B.项】Pierre Trudeau【题目C.项】Jean Chirac【本题.答案】：A3.Which Canadian prime minister referred to the two world wars as " the vortex of European militarism"?【题目A.项】Lester Pearson【题目B.项】Wilfred Laurier【题目C.项】Pierre Trudeau【题目D.项】Brian Mulroney【本题.答案】：B4.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _______.【题目A.项】German【题目B.项】French【题目C.项】Mandarin Chinese【题目D.项】Cantonese【本题.答案】：D5.Which of the following is a tourist attraction in the United States?【题目A.项】Yellowstone National Park【题目B.项】The Babylon Garden【题目C.项】The English castle【题目D.项】The coral reefs【本题.答案】：A6.During the Second World War, the Japanese settlers in Canada were forced to move _______.【题目A.项】to east of the Rocky Mountains【题目B.项】back to Japan【题目C.项】to Pearl Harbour【题目D.项】to the east coast。
北京语言大学22春“英语”《英语国家概况(Ⅱ)》期末考试高频考点版(带答案)试卷号3
北京语言大学22春“英语”《英语国家概况(Ⅱ)》期末考试高频考点版（带答案）一.综合考核(共50题)1.Who is the Prime Minister of Canada at present?A.Justin TrudeauB.Pierre TrudeauC.Jean Chirac参考答案：A2.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak _____.A.GermanB.FrenchC.Mandarin ChineseD.Cantonese参考答案：D3.Racial segregation in elementaryand secondary education was banished in the United States after World War Ⅱ.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B4.The novel The English Patient is written by ____.A.a British writerB.a Canadian writer参考答案：B5.Which Canadian prime minister referred to the two world wars as “the vortex of European militarism”?A.Lester PearsonB.Wilfred LaurierC.Pierre TrudeauD.Brian Mulroney参考答案：B6.Toni Morrison (1931-) won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1993. She is the first African-American writer to receive this honor.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B7.The final blow to the Catholic Church came in referendum in 1995, when the Irish people voted for the legal provision of porce.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B8.The President of Ireland is elected directly by the people.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B9.The first English permanent settlement was founded in 1607 in _____.A.New YorkB.San FranciscoC.Virginia参考答案：C10.The first factory in the United States was a cotton textile mill in Pawtucket, Rhode Island, which combined carding, roving and spinning operation.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B11.America's foremost jazz musician was ____.A.Louis ArmstrongB.Bruce SpringsteenC.Billy Holiday参考答案：A12.The convicts Elizabeth and James Ruse became the first successful farming family in Australia.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B13.Is Canada the biggest country in the world?A.YesB.No参考答案：A14.Mark Twain is the author's?A.real nameB.a pen name参考答案：B15.The President of Ireland is only a symbolic Head of State and does not have executive power.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B16.Christianity was introduced into Ireland by the Normans in the 6th century.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A17.While the English are largely protestant, the Irish of the Republic largely belong to the Roman Catholic faith.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B18.In the United States, four out of five private schools are run by churches, synagogues or other religious group.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A19.The Irish Government has the sole power of making laws for the state.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A20.Australian government departments are administered only by the authority of the elected Ministers.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A21.When Britain lost its status as a world power after World War II, Canada became a junior partner helping _____ global interests.A.IndianB.AustralianC.AmericanD.Russian参考答案：C22.New York City is the second largest city of the United States.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A23.What are the original inhabitants of Canada now called?A.The IndiansB.The First NationsC.The Eskimos参考答案：B24.Canada has two official languages: English and French. Where do most of the French-speaking people live in Canada?A.QuebecB.AlbertaC.Ontario参考答案：A25.Australia's policy of assimilation was founded on the belief that the white culture was progressive and superior while the indigenous culture was inferior.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B26.Connecticut, in 1837, become the first state in the United States to pass a general act of incorporation, making it relatively simple for any group to get a corporate charter by complying with a sets of rules.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B27.The Niagara Falls is located on the border of the United States with ____.A.MexicoB.ColumbiaC.PanamaD.Canada参考答案：D28.Where do most of the Inuit people live in Canada?A.The arctic areaB.The west coastC.The Atlantic Ocean参考答案：A29.Canada is a member of ____.A.NATOB.the CommonwealthC.both NATO and the Commonwealth参考答案：C30.Alexander Hamilton is the second Secretary of Treasure of the United States.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：A31.The Prime Minister and his Cabinet at federal level is the acknowledged center of Australian parliamentary power.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B32.Another piano style, which was emerging in Chicago in the late 1920's and early 1930's, was called _____.A.boogie-woogieB.ragtimeC.folk music参考答案：C33.Forty years ago, almost three quarters of existing schools were “confessional”, thatis, associated with one Christian sect or another.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B34.Which of the following writers is a Canadian?A.Emily BronteB.Kate ChopinC.Margaret Atwood参考答案：C35.Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?A.The growth of capitalismB.The RenaissanceC.The Religious ReformationD.The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic Church参考答案：D36.The president has the authority to appoint federal judges as vacancies occur, including members of the Supreme Court.The senate, however, must approve all treaties and confirm all appointments before they become official.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B37.During _____ administration, Canada recognized the Peoples Republic of China.A.Wilfred Laurier'sB.Lester Pearson'sC.MacKinzie King'sD.Brian Mulroney's参考答案：B38.By the 16th century, some new and powerful social forces began to emerge which led to the awakening of Europe and the discovery of American, i.e., the development of capitalism, the Renaissance and the Religious Reformation.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B39.What is not an example of service industry?A.Legal consultingB.BankingC.Hotels and restaurantsputer manufacturing参考答案：D40.In September 1961, the federal government declared segregation illegal in all interstate bus stations which served buses traveling to another state.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B41.In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ____ to educate people about the war in Vietnam.A.teach-inB.rock' n'roll musicC.class boycottD.“march against fear”参考答案：A42.The word “Ireland” is used ambiguously to mean both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B43.The Stevens family was known for their contribution to which of the following?A.AirplaneB.SteamboatsC.Cotton gin参考答案：B44.Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada?A.ManitobaB.SaskatchewanC.OntarioD.Quebec参考答案：D45.Horse-racing is a very popular sport among the Irish because they can place a bet for the occasion.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B46.Today, the Irish economy is dominated in many ways by many multinationals, particularly in the electronic and pharmaceutical industries.()A.错误书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟！住在富人区的她B.正确参考答案：B47.Who is the head of Canadian government?ernor generalB.Prime ministerC.Premier参考答案：B48.The Great Famine lasted from 1845-1848.()A.错误B.正确参考答案：B49.Which of the following is a tourist attraction in the United States?A.Yellowstone National ParkB.The Babylon GardenC.The English castleD.The coral reefs参考答案：A50.Canadian economy is a _____.A.resource-based economyB.agricultural economyC.tourism economy参考答案：A。
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英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷AⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)1.The following were the founding fathers of the American Republic except _____.A Thomas JeffersonB George WashingtonC William PennD Benjamin Franklinn2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____.A each new state had its own governmentB each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairsC the national government was called the Congress with little powerD the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined3.Service industry does not include ____.A bankingB management consultationC airlineD steelmaking4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____.A Ernest HemingwayB Eugene O’NeillC William FaulknerD F. Scott Fitzgerald5. ____ invented the telephone.A Samuel R.B. MorseB Alexander Graham BellC Thomas Alva EdisonD Reginald Fessenden6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____.A The Appalachian MountainsB The Rocky MountainsC The Green MountainsD The Blue Ridge Mountains7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____.A investmentB student tuitionC endowmentsD government funding8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway?A Light in AugustB The Sun Also RisesC A farewell to ArmsD For Whom the Bell Tolls9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true?A Elementary school, grammar schoolB Elementary school, junior high schoolC Elementary school, secondary schoolD junior high school, senior high school10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime?A briberyB tax evasionC false advertisingD robbery11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau?A NatureB WaldenC The Scarlet LetterD The Fall of the House Usher12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada?A AlbertaB OntarioC British ColumbiaD Quebec13.Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.A John F.KennedyB James FarmerC Ella BakerD Martin Luther King, Jr.14.Which of the following is considered an American master piece?A The Last of the MohicansB The Legend of the Sleepy HollowC The Masque of the Red DeathD Moby Dick15.By 1985, how many per cent of immigrants were non-European?A 30 per centB 80 per centC 60 per centD 50 per cent16.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____.A EnglishB FrenchC Mandarin ChineseD Cantonese17.Which of the following novels was made into an extremely successful film in 1997?A Lost in the BarrensB The Two SolitudesC The Handmaid's TaleD The English Patient18.Which of the following invention facilitated the out-migration-movement into suburban location?A automobileB electric lawn mowerC mechanical reaperD telephone19.The tradition of the vocal ballad which contributed to the blues form was usually accompanied by ___.A a guitarB a pianoC a banjoD a trombone and a cymbal20. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?A the QueenB a Cabinet MinisterC the Prime MinisterD the Government GeneralⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)21. The Constitution set up a federal system with ____.22. T.S. Eliot's long poem ____ revealed a pessimistic view of post-World War 1 society. He dominated the so-called "Modern" movement in poetry.23. Mark Twain’s ____ is considered the greatest novel in American literature.24.The two conferences for American football are AFC, which stands for ____ and NFC, which stands for ____.25.As a member of the Commonwealth, Canada used to unquestioningly assist ___ in its foreign policy.26.Canada preferred to establish a nation based on _____,_____ and good government.27.The first Catholic president in the U.S.was ____.28.The civil rights movement, together with ____ and ____ during the 1960s had been deeply rooted in U.S.history.29.____ is the most successful and internationally recognized of current Canadian novelists.30.Public and private colleges depend on three sources of income in the U.S.:_____, endowment and _____.31. Jazz music, as a musical form, initially performed and appreciated by ____.ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)32.Where did the English first settlers land in North America?33.Who was the main author of Declaration of Independence?34.What is the symbol of the Republican Party?35.Which church do the majority of Americans belong to?36.Who was the author of Leaves of Grass?37.Which invention marked the beginning of "The Age of Visual Information"?38.Who were assinated in 1968 which was known as a violent and tragic year in U.S. history?39.Who suggests that the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature?40.Who made the first desktop PC?41.What is the other official language besides English in Canada?ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)42.Mark Twain43.Henry Ford44.Niagara Falls45.American Indians46.Disneyland47. a federal system48. NBA49.Blues英语国家概况（2）期末模拟试卷BⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)1.Which of the following statements refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?A VirginiaB Rhode IslandC New YorkD Maryland2.Which of the following was NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights?A The freedom of religionB The freedom of searching a person's home by policeC The freedom of speech and of the pressD The right to own weapons if one wishes3.Mark Twain' works are characterized by the following except ____.A sense of humorB egotismC jokesD tall tales4.The United States was rated ____ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.A secondB thirdC fourthD fifth5.Which of the following is NOT regarded as one of the three basic religious beliefs?A ProtestantB CatholicC IslamicD Judaism6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____.A The Appalachian MountainsB The Rocky MountainsC The Green MountainsD The Blue Ridge Mountains7.The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except ____.A the Bill of RightsB the judicial reviewC the political party systemD the powers of the president8.When was voice and music first transmitted over the radio?A 1901B end of 19th centuryC New Year's Eve 1905D Christmas Eve 19059.____ led to the end of Pony Express System?A TelephoneB TelegraphC RailroadD Steamboat10 One of the oldest towns(landed in 1513) in the U.S. is ____.A New YorkB BostonC PhiladelphiaD St Augustine11.Which of the following is NOT a team game?A volleyballB bowlingC soccerD field hockey12.Which of the following provinces is the manufacturing heartland of Canada?A AlbertaB OntarioC British ColumbiaD Quebec13.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in American higher education?A universities and collegesB research institutionsC technical institutionsD undergraduate institutions14.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true?A Elementary school, grammar schoolB Elementary school, secondary schoolC Elementary school, junior high schoolD junior high school, senior high school15. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada?A ManitobaB SaskatchewanC OntarioD Quebec16.Which of the following parties represents the most interests of Quebec?A the Bloc QuebecoisB the Progressive PartyC the Liberal PartyD the Reform Party17.Who wrote the book The Scalpel, The Sword?A F.R ScottB Norman BethuneC Ted AllanD Mordecai Richer18.Around the beginning of 20th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ____.A work as farmers and minersB build the railroadC do fur tradeD open shops19.In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ____.A EnglishB FrenchC Mandarin ChineseD Cantonese20.Who suggests the idea of survival can be seen as the central symbol of Canadian literature?A Margaret LaurenceB Michael OndaatjeC Margaret AtwoodD Ted AllanⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)21.The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the U.S. Constitution was made is ____.22.'WASP' stands for ____.23. ___ won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1993, the first Afro- American writer to receive this honor.24.F. Scott Fitzgerald's novel ____ was about youth's golden dream turning to disappointment.25.When either team calls for a stop, this is called ____.26.The capital of Canada is ____and the second largest city is _____.27.Americans movies were mostly made in ____, near the city of _____ in South California.28.There are two divisions in National Basketball Association, _____ and _____.29.In the summer of 1963, hundreds of thousands of peaceful demonstrators, marched to Washington, D.C., where _____ gave the famous _____ speech.30.The Canadian parliament is divided into a lower house named ____ and an upper house called _____.ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31.Who started the New Deal?32.When did the United States have the first standard paper currency?33.Who was the first to use assembly line for manufacturing cars?34.Where was the first continental Congress held?35.What is the main duty of the U.S. congress?36.Who heads the judicial branch?37.What does "K" stand for in the term of "K to 12 education"?38.Who is the official head of Canada?39.What is the other official language besides English in Canada?40.What is the symbol of the Democratic Party?ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)41.Disneyland42.the "Beat Generation"43.elementary school44 The Scarlet Letter45. Niagara Falls46.The Stevens47.Margaret Atwood48.the Bill of Rights。