英语中的平行结构剖析
平行结构的英语句子列举
平行结构的英语句子列举一般来说，英语平行结构有单词平行、短语平行以及从句平行这几种形式。
(1）单词平行由单词组成的平行结构使用一组词性相同、意义相关、语气一至、的词来说明一个对象，这些单词可能是名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词等。
比如丘吉尔有一句名言：I have nothing to offer but blood , toil , tears and sweat .blood , toil , tears , sweat 这几个名词构成了并列成分，使得句子读起来更有气势，更有感染力。
又比如奥巴马就职演讲中有这样一句话：Time and again , these men and women struggled and sacrificed and worked till their hands were raw so that we might live a better life .句子中 struggled , sacrificed ,worked 这三个并列的单词也组成了平行结构。
(2）短语平行短语的平行结构包括名词短语、动词短语以及介词短语°等，比如下面这个例子：They understood that our power alone cannot protect us ,nor does it entitle us to do as we please . Instead , they knew that our power grows through its prudent use . Our security emanates from the justness of our cause ; the force of our example ; the tempering qualities of humility and restraint .句子中加粗部分 the justness of our cause , the force of our example , the tempering qualities of humility and restraint 共同结构是 the XX of …它们构成了短语平行结构，使得句子更加有节奏感。
平行结构
英语中的平行结构编辑所谓平行结构就指的是内容相似，结构相同，无先后顺序，无因果关系的并列句。
从总体上来说，平行结构可以分为以下的几种类型：一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both …and, neither …nor, either …or, not only …but (also), rather than,as…as等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致例1：He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter.例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class.例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致例1：Some find swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.4.所连接的句子结构必须一致例1：She is pleased with what you have given and all that you have told him.例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.二、某些特定的固定结构。
Parallel Structures：英语的平行结构
Parallel Structures：英语的平行结构平行结构是一种由两个或多个词，短语，句子或段落连接在一起的结构，用来强调同样的话语或意思。
这些结构是由相同结构和词汇创建的，例如，“练习努力，背书”或“探索未知，尊重传统”。
平行结构的使用可以帮助作者更好地表达他们的想法，并使文章更加有吸引力和流畅。
Parallel structures are structures created by connecting two or more words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs together to emphasize the same idea or speech. These structures are created with the same structure and vocabulary, for example, "practice hard, memorize books" or "explore the unknown, respect traditions". The use of parallel structures can help authors express their ideas better and make their articles more attractive and fluent.平行结构是一种由两个或多个词，短语，句子或段落连接在一起的结构，用来强调同样的话语或意思。
Parallel structures are a structure of two or more words, phrases, sentences, or paragraphs connected together to emphasize the same language or meaning. Parallel structures are structures composed of two or more words, phrases, sentences or paragraphs linked together to emphasize the same words or meanings. These structures are created using the same structure and vocabulary, such as “Practice hard, memorize books” or “Explore the unknown, respect the tradition”. The use of parallel structures can help authors better express their ideas and make the article more attractive and fluent.平行结构是一种由两个或多个词，短语，句子或段落连接在一起的结构，用来强调同样的话语或意思。
【中式英语】什么是平行结构
平行结构是指，一致的观点以一致的形式来表达，是英语中最基本且最有价值的格式策略。
这种结构不仅满足了语序和平衡要求，更重要的是突出了观点之间的联系。
•Early to bed and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise.•It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us — thatfrom these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which theygave the last full measure of devotion; that we here highly resolve that these deadshall not have died in vain; that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth offreedom; and that government of the people, by the people, and for the people shallnot perish from the earth.•Where there's a will there's a way.•Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure nineteennineteen six, resulthappiness. Annual income twenty pounds, annual expenditure twenty pounds oughtand six, result misery.当句子中两个及两个以上的一致的元素以一致的语法形式表达时，读者能更容易辨别其逻辑关系。
英语中的平行结构 Parallelism
thoroughly
4. The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that questions would be asked by prospective buyers.
Types---Parallel clauses
A father who spends time with his son and who thoughtfully answers his son’s question will be respected and loved.
Types---Parallel sentences
他是个智力贫乏、不学无术、喜怒无常的人。
他——正直,善良,坦荡,风趣,可爱,开朗,乐观,优雅,迷人,精力充沛, 爱憎分明,张扬又内敛,专情又风情,纯真又性感,温柔又彪悍…… 最重要的是，他未婚。
Types---Parallel phrases
Studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. 读书足以怡情，足以博彩，足以长才。
I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin but by the content of their character.
英语中的平行结构
英语中的平行结构平行结构是指在句子或短语中使用相同的语法结构来表达相似的意思或重复的内容。
它可以通过使用平行的词、短语或从句来实现。
平行结构在英语中常用于修饰性词组、并列连词的使用等。
以下是一些常见的平行结构的例子：1. 平行的词：- She likes to swim, run, and play tennis.（她喜欢游泳、跑步和打网球。
）- He is a talented actor, singer, and dancer.（他是一个有才华的演员、歌手和舞者。
）2. 平行的短语：- They went hiking in the mountains, swimming in the lake, and camping in the forest.（他们去山里徒步旅行，在湖中游泳，在森林里露营。
）- The company focuses on innovation, quality, and customer satisfaction.（公司专注于创新、质量和客户满意度。
）3. 平行的从句：- She said that she would study hard, work diligently, and achieve her goals.（她说她会努力学习、勤奋工作并实现她的目标。
）- They are trying to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and increase productivity.（他们正在努力提高效率、降低成本并增加生产力。
）平行结构不仅可以使句子结构更加平衡，还可以强调相关的信息，使得表达更加清晰和有力。
在使用平行结构时，需要确保使用相同的语法形式或模式，并保持一致性和逻辑连贯性。
英语平行结构
平行结构一、连词连接两个对等的词和对等的结构并列连词and, but, as well as, or, or else, both … and, neither … nor, either … or, not only … but (also), rather than等以及从属连词than可连接两个对等的词和对等的结构。
1.所连接的谓语形式必须一致例1：He went downtown, bought some books and v isited his daughter.例2：Gunpowder was discovered in the twelfth century, but not used in warfare until two hundred years later.2.所连接的词或短语形式必须一致例1：Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class.例2：We often go to the countryside as well as to factories.例3：I would much rather go to the countryside than stay here.3.连接的非谓语动词的形式必须一致例1：Some f ind swimming more enjoyable than sitting at home reading.例2：He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the new spaper.4.所连接的句子结构必须一致例1：She is pleased with what you have giv en and all that you have told him.例2：The purpose of the research had a more different meaning for them than it did for us.二、某些特定的固定结构。
新概念英语第三册语法解析：平行与省略
【导语】新概念英语之所以经久不衰是因为以其全新的教学理念，有趣的课⽂内容和全⾯的技能训练，为英语学习者排忧解难，深受⼴⼤英语学习者的欢迎和喜爱。
想要学好英语的你，怎能错过？快来加⼊学习吧！⽆忧考为您提供，希望以下内容能够为⼤家的新概念英语学习提供帮助! 平⾏结构： 即并列结构：由并列连词连接两个或两个以上对等的语⾔成分构成并列。
平⾏结构应该是名词和名词，副词和副词，分词和分词，不定式和不定式，动词和动词，句⼦和句⼦等的并列，⽽不能其中⼀个概念⽤分词结构表达，⽽另⼀个概念⽤不定式或从句来表达。
平⾏结构在英⽂学习中是个拓展层⾯，掌握后会对⾃⼰的语感有很⼤提升。
⽐如美国前总统肯尼迪当年的名⾔：And so, my fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for you; ask what you can do for your country. 就是⽤了这种平⾏结构。
新三中的平⾏结构也是不甚枚举，⼀起来看⼀下： 第15课： George took off his jacket, rolled up his sleeves and pushed is right arm through the drain cover. 第27课： He may hunt, beg, or steal occasionally to keep himself alive; he may even, in times of real need, do a little work; but he will never sacrifice his freedom. 第37课： Ships may be delayed by storms; flights may be cancelled because of bad weather, but trains must be on time. 第47课： Lawn mowers whining on a summer's day, late-night parties in apartment blocks, noisy neighbors, vehicles of al kinds, especially large container trucks thundering through quiet village, planes and helicopters flying overhead, large radios carried round in public places and played at maximum volume. 省略结构： 按照语法的分析，句⼦应该具备的成分，有时出于修辞上的需要，在句中并不出现，这种句⼦叫做省略句(elliptical sentences)它虽然省去句⼦语法构造所需要的组成部分，但仍能表达其完整的意义。
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√ 6.They got off the train, carrying all their cases and their father’s jacket. 7. Turning down the radio and the baby is sleeping. Turning---Turn them---which/and none 8. I have three coats, none of them fits me. √ 9. The secretary worked into the night, preparing a long speech for the president. 10. As there are nearly 50 streets in the city, most of which we can’t remember clearly. which---them
3. She went to the market, ____ everything she needed √ a taxi home. and took A. buy B. bought C. buying D, to buy
三个并列的谓语动词：went, bought and took
（二）：and连接并列分句，这种并列句 可转换成简单句或者从句。
5. 动名词doing平行结构 Henry's work is reading books and writing book reviews. 亨利的工作是读读书，写写书评。 6. 动词不定式平行结构 On the other hand, 40% think that fees should be charged because you need money to pay gardeners and other workers, and (to) buy plants and young trees.另一 方面，40%的同学认为应收门票，他们认为门票费可以作 为支付园林工人及其他工作人员的工资和购买新花木的费 用。and 连接并列不定式第二个不定式往往省略 to。 7. 介词短语平行结构 1）Your semester grade is based not only on how well you do on each test, but also on how you participate in class. 2）We often go to the countryside as well as to factories. 8. 谓语动词平行结构 谓语形式时态要一致 He went downtown, bought some books and visited his daughter. 9.句子的并列（并列句） I was tired, but I felt happy.
四、需掌握的知识点
1. be about to do sth when+从句 2.祈使句+and+句子 3. while conj.然而，而 4. 分辨谓语动词的并列和伴随状语 5. what名词性短语的并列 6. “随着”两种表达:with+复合结构/as+句子 7. 分辨短语和句子 8. 分辨定语从句和并列句 9. 不定式的并列 10. 分辨：句子+并列连词+句子、短语+句子
判断下列句子的正误
1. The weather turned out to be very good, it was more than we could expect. It ---which / it 前加and 2. Spring comes, leaves turn green. comes---coming/and leaves 3. Keep on trying, you’ll succeed. keep---keeping/and you 4. They get coal out of the ground, changing it into electricity and send it to many places. changing---change 5. He has made a wonderful discovery, which I think it is of great help to us.
called 和 and 为并列谓语。若将and改为逗号，择选B， 现在分词作伴随状语。 若是既无and也无逗号，则用不定式to tell 作目的状语。 既是B: He called at every door, telling people the exciting news. C: He called at every door to tell people the exciting news.
在高考中的体现及解题思路
1.The house belongs to my aunt but she＿＿ here any more．(2006年全国卷) A．hasn’t lived B．didn’t live C．hadn’t lived D．doesn’t live
常见的并列连词有： 1、表递进关系：and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, not… but… 2. 选择关系：or，either…or…, otherwise, whether...or 3. 转折对比关系: but, yet, whereas, while, still 4. 因果关系：so, for 5. 并列关系：and, when
பைடு நூலகம்
B. 并列句and和定语从句的转换
Ex: Bamboos are hollow and this makes them very light. 定从：Bamboos are hollow, which makes them very light. 1.She heard a terrible noise and ___ brought her heart into her mouth. A. which √ B. it C. / D. what 转换： She heard a terrible noise, which brought her heart into her mouth.
五、 And的用法
综述：and 是并列连词，它既能连接两个并 列（平行）的结构，也能连接两个并列的 分句。我们可以通过分析它在句子结构中 的功能，从而巧妙的解题。
（一）：and连接两个或两个以上的并列 结构在形式上要一致。在不同的语境中， 也可用其他并列连词or，but等。
句1:We rushed back to the palace and 句1可转化成不定式作目的状语。 looked for it . We rushed back to the palace to look for it. 句2: Father sat at the desk and wrote 句2可转化成现在分词作伴随状语。 something. Father sat at the desk, writing something. 句3: I had to lie to the company and pretend to be a man.
A. 并列句和简单句，状语从句的转换。 Ex :Use your head and you will find a way. 简单句：Using your head，you will find a way. 从句：If you use your head，you will find a way. ___and they bought a picnic with them. A. It being a fine day B. It is a fine day C. Being a fine day √ D. It was a fine day
二、 对连接词连接的成分要求：形式对称； 功能相同（充当同样的句子成分），时态 平衡。
并列平行结构应该是名词和名词，副词和副词， 分词和分词，不定式和不定式，动词和动词，句 子和句子等的并列，而不能其中一个概念用分词 结构表达，而另一个概念用不定式或从句来表达。 比如下面句子就违反了平行结构的准则： Do some nice things for your parents that they don't expect like cooking, doing the dishes, washing clothes, or clean the floors. "做饭"、"刷碗"、"洗衣服"、"拖地"在本句中应为 并列结构作为介词like“像”的宾语，故应用相同 的形式，都用动名词，所以应将clean改为 cleaning。
高考专题
英语中的平行结构
一、平行结构, 即并列结构：由并列连词连 接两个或两个以上对等的语言成分构成。
连词是一种虚词， 它不能独立担任句子成 分而只起连接词与词，短语与短语以及句 与句的作用。连词主要可分为两类：并列 连词和从属连词。 并列连词用来连接平行的词、词组和分句。 从属连词用来引导名词从句和各类的状语 从句。
三、平行结构主要类型
1. 名词和名词平行结构 The patient's symptoms were fever, dizziness, and headache. 病人的症状是发烧、头晕和头痛。 2. 形容词和形容词平行结构 Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. 早睡早起使人健康、富有、聪明。 3.副词和副词平行结构 The work is handsomely and skillfully done. 这项工作做得漂亮，有水平。 4. 分词平行结构(现在分词与现在分词 / 过去分词与过去 分词 ) The boys were running, shouting and laughing. 男孩子们边跑，边喊叫着、笑着。（伴随状语） The old man returned home, disappointed and exhausted.