初中虚拟语气讲解及练习含答案

虚拟语气

虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现，或实现的可能性不大。

If he had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.

If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately.

If you should lose, what would you do?

If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.

If you went there next time, you would see what I mean.

If I’d dnown that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.

四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法

1.省掉if的条件从句结构(倒装）：

Had you asked me, I would have told you. (=If you had asked me,…)

2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：

A true friend would not do such a thing.

(=If he were a true friend, he...)

(=If there were no water,…)

(=If you hadn’t helped me,…)

3. 错综时间条件句。当从句与主句表示的动作或状态发生的时间不一致时，根据

需要选择相应时态。，如：

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now.

If I were you, I would have gone home.

五、虚拟语气的其他用法——此类不分析实际的可能性。

注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。

He suggested that they (should ) stop smoking.

上述动词的名词形式出现时，that 引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。

He made a request that they (should ) stop smoking.

如果that 引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。

He insists that he is right.

It is important that you (should) follow the doctor’s orders.

It is right that you should have done your homework.

I wish I were a pop singer. (=I am sorry I am not a pop singer..)

I wish I had never stopped teaching. (=I am sorry I stopped teaching.)

I wish they’d let us get some sleep.

注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：

（1）We hope they will come,(We don’t know if they can come.)

（2） We wish they could come,(We know they are not coming.)

4、as if, as though, would(had) rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：

（1）与现在或将来希望的事用一般过去时

（2）与将来事实相反用过去完成时。

He acts as if nothing had happened.

I would rather you didn’t tell him.

5、It’s (high) time that…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，should不能省略，如：

It’s time (that) you had a hair cut.

It’s high time (that) we took some action.

四、虚拟语气练习

提示①虚拟语气的练习，先去分析从句。定了从句再去选择主句的形式。

②虚拟语气的条件句中，没有一般现在时，现在进行时，现在将来时。

(1). If I you, I would go by plane. Flying is much faster.

A. be

B. was

C. were

D. am

(2). I do not think those people are really English. If they were, they speak with

French accents.

A. don't

B. will not

C. mustn't

D. wouldn't

(3) today, would we be able to get there by Tuesday?

A. Were we leaving

B. If we leave

C. Would we leave

D. Were we to leave

(4). If Jone tomorrow, what would you do?

A. were not to come

B. will not come

C. would not come

D. had not come

(5). “She didn't ask me, so I didn't help her?”

“You mean to say, you would've helped her ?”

A. if she asked you

B. if she were to ask you

she asked you C. were she to ask you

(6). They took the injured straight to the hospital. Otherwise some of them .

A. might have died

B. might die

C. would die

D. could die

(7). If they had known him, to him?

A.would they have talked

B. would they talk

they talked D. they would talk

(8). If I lived in the city, I travel in crowded buses, but I to see lots

of films.

A. shall have to/shall be able

B. shall have to/am able

C. would have to/were able

D. would have to/would be able

(9). I would have gone to the concert, if I time.

A. had had

B. have had

C. had

D. would have had

(10). I know it, I would have told you.

A. Have

B. If

C. Had

D. Having

(11). your help, I would not have succeeded.

A. Because

B. Because of

C. But

D. But for

(12). “What did Mr Smith say about his career?”