关于高校信息化建设审计策略研究中英文对照

关于高校信息化建设审计策略研究中英文对照

Study Chinese and English language compared concerning the university informatization construction audit strategy

1 高校信息化建设的内容

1 the content of the information construction in colleges and universities

1.1 硬件建设信息化建设的基础是硬件设备的配置。硬件设备主要为服务器、计算机、信息交换设备、数据传输线路、信息存储设备以及输入/输出设备等。服务器经过信息交换设备由数据传输线路把计算机、信息输入/输出设备、信息存储设备连接在一起，构成硬件的基本体系结构。硬件体系结构十分复杂，设备种类繁多，设备数量庞大，实现同一功能的硬件可来自不同商家。硬件的性能和品质不同，工作稳定性和生命周期不同，系统的综合性能指标会呈现较大的差异，建设费用也会存在巨大的差异。

1.1 hardware construction informatization construction is the basis of the hardware configuration. Hardware equipment is mainly for the server, computer, information exchange equipment, data transmission lines, information storage, and input/output devices, etc. Server through information exchange equipment by computer data transmission lines, information input/output devices and storage devices connected together, constitute the basic architecture of the hardware. Hardware system structure is complex, there are many different kinds of equipment and equipment large number, realize the same function of hardware can come from different vendors. Hardware performance and the quality is different, working stability and life cycle different, comprehensive performance index of the system will appear bigger difference, the construction cost will there is a huge difference.

1.2 软件建设在信息化系统中，硬件是基础，软件是灵魂，运行于硬件平台的软件真正体现信息处理和资源管理的智能性，信息化建设离不开软件的支持。通常软件被划分为系统软件和应用软件，其中系统软件包括操作系统、系统管理软件以及固定功能的工具软件等，而应用软件是指运行于操作系统或系统管理软件之上的各类与具体事务处理相关的软件，应用软件种类很多，如财务管理软件。目前，许多独立运行软件的功能被集成在校园网中，高校内部事务几乎都由网络系统或相关功能的软件进行处理。

1.2 software development in the information system, the hardware is the foundation, the software

is the soul and run on the hardware platform of software truly reflect information processing and intelligent resource management, information construction cannot leave the support of the software. Software is usually divided into system software and application software, system software includes operating systems, systems management software and tool software, such as fixed function and application software is running on the operating system, or system management software of all kinds of specific transaction processing related software, application software is a lot of more phyletic, such as financial management software. Running at present, many independent software functions are integrated in this paper by paper union collect in campus network, almost all in the internal affairs of colleges and universities by the network system software for processing or related functions.

1.3 系统维护确保信息系统正常、高效和稳定运行需要对系统进行维护，系统维护是信息化建设关键环节，小病不除必将酿成大患，直至信息系统瘫痪，造成重大的经济损失。系统维护内容非常广泛，从修复一个电源开关到更换一台服务器，从修改软件的一项配置到安装一台计算机的操作系统等，每项工作都属于系统维护的范畴。良好的系统维护工作有利于系统长期稳定运行，更有利于综合费用的降低。系统维护费用的合理性也应属于信息化建设的审计内容。

1.3 system maintenance to ensure that the information system of normal, efficient and stable operation of need for system maintenance, system maintenance is a key link, informationization construction for minor unless have caused great misfortune, until the information systems collapse, causing great economic losses. System maintenance content is very broad, from fixing a power switch to change a server, from one configuration to modify the software to install a computer operating system, etc., each work all belong to the category of system maintenance. Good system maintenance work is conducive to long-term stable operation, more conducive to comprehensive cost reduced. The rationality of the system maintenance cost should also belong to the informatization construction of audit content.

1.4 系统升级在信息技术高速发展条件下，信息系统的升级成为信息化建设的一项基本内容。升级主要是指提升信息系统的功能和品质等特性，系统升级比系统重建费用少很多，甚至免费。建设初期的系统方案设计以及软硬件的选购直接影响信息系统的升级费用，合理的软硬件结构，如开放性等，十分有利于系统升级，即以合理投入提升系统的功能和品质特性，保证系统稳定运行，而非推倒原有系统重新建设，否则造成建设资金的较大浪费。