ch02The Market for Foreign Exchange(广东商学院 王强)
2012广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课英语翻译基础试题_真题(含答案与解析)-交互
2012广东外语外贸大学全国硕士研究生入学考试专业课《英语翻译基础》试题(总分150, 做题时间180分钟)Part I. Phrase Translation (30 points, 1 point for each)Section 1Directions: Translate the following phrases into Chinese:1.CPPCCSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:中国人民政治协商会议2.UNESCOSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:联合国教育科学文化组织3.ASEMSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:应用特别电子舱4.China-ASEAN ExpoSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:中国-东盟博览会5.SWOT analysisSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Strength Weakness Opportunity and Threat Analysis6.Global SourcingSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:全球采购7.Information AsymmetrySSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:信息不对称8.Shanghai World ExpoSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:上海世界博览会9.Innocent PresumptionSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:无罪推定10.The Civil Law SystemSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:大陆法系11.The Book of RitesSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:《礼记》12.MenciusSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:孟子13.Consecutive InterpretingSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:接续口译14.The House of CommonsSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:英国下议院15.A Farewell To ArmsSSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:《永别了武器》Section 2Directions: Translate the following phrases into English:16.全国人民代表大会SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:National People's Congress17.外交部SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Foreign Diplomatic Department /ministry of foreign affairs18.会展经济SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Exhibition Economy19.注册会计师SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Certified Public Accountant20.次贷危机SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Subprime Crisis21.董事会SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Board of Directors22.中国证监会SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:China's Securities Regulatory Commission23.廉政公署SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Independent Commission against Corruption(ICAC)24.暂行规定SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Temporarily Implemented Regulation/ Interim Provision25.有罪推定SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Guilty Presumption26.佛经翻译SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Translation of Buddhist Scripture27.百年老店SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:Century -old Shop28.论语SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:< The Analects>29.三国演义SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:<Romance of the Three Kingdoms>30.南方都市报SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 1答案:<Southern City >Part II. Passage Translation (120 points)31.Translate the following passage into Chinese: (60 points)Population ageing has become a world-wide phenomenon. Moreover, it has not **e to stay but, especially in the developing countries, it will become more felt and acute with the passage of time. Its repercussions are so wide-ranging and manifold that they can only be ignored at a tremendous cost to society.The growing rate of population ageing poses many challenges which have to be faced realistically. A number of decisions have to be taken with the cooperation of every social institution, be it the State, Non-Governmental Organizations, **munity, the family members and last but not least, the older persons themselves. Each has a very important role to play in ensuring a sustainable development for the elderly population.Governments and civil society including organisations of older persons, academia, community-based organisations and the private sector need to help in capacity building on ageing issues. As the Shanghai Implementation Strategy points out, “A life-course andinter-sectoral approach to health and well-being is the best approach to ensure that both current and future generations of older persons remain healthy and active”.The gap between the projected increases of the older population and the consequently required services, combined with the parallel development of the personnel needed to carry out these services, creates a pressing and urgent need to train appropriate staff.Training programmes have to be tailored to the nature of the participants, the work they are doing and the needs entailed. Though the basic issues dealt with might often be the same, the approach differs. It will be important in the not too distant future to explore innovative ways of providing education and training in rural and remote areas and to apply, as much as possible, the new and**munication technologies to facilitate and enhance these programmes. Every member of society should realize that aging is a process. Consequently, older persons are to be seen as equal citizens of any society, sharing the same rights like other citizens. Any form of discrimination is to be eradicated.SSS_TEXT_QUSTI该题您未回答:х该问题分值: 60答案:人口老龄化已经成为一个世界性的现象。
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：806-管理学原理（含企业财务管理）适用专业：120201-会计学、120202企业管理、120203旅游管理、120204技术经济及管理［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、概念解释（6题，每题5分，共30分。
含企业财务管理2题）1. 项目管理2. 强化理论3. 事业部型组织结构4. 甘特图5．权益资本成本6. 资本资产定价模型（Capital Asset Pricing Model，CAPM）二、问题简答（3题，每题10分，共30分）1. 简述Z理论的主要内容2. 根据领导者所关心的重点，可以把领导行为模式分为哪几种？3. 决策的基本过程包括哪些？三、计算（企业财务管理）（1题，共10分）1. A公司的资本结构(长期负债:优先股:普通股权益)是(4:1:5),已知长期负债利率是10%,公司所得税率是25%,优先股资金成本是8%,普通股东权益资金成本是12%,求公司的加权平均资本成本（WACC）是多少?四、问题论述（1题，共30分）1. 对于一家以小麦和玉米为原料生产面包的小型公司，大多数员工是缺乏技能的工人。
如果现在请你为这家公司开发一个员工激励方案，你会选择哪些激励理论里的哪些要素？如果这是一家软件设计公司，大多数员工是专业技术人员，你的选择还会一样吗？五、案例分析（2题，共50分）1. Swan公司自行车市场计划与决策Swan 于1895 年在芝加哥创办了Swan 自行车公司，后来成长为世界最大的自行车制造商。
在60 年代，Swan 公司占有美国自行车市场25%的份额，不过，过去是过去，现在是现在。
小Swan 是创始人的长孙，1979 年他接过公司的控制权，那时，问题已经出现，而糟糕的计划和决策又使已有的问题雪上加霜。
在 70 年代，Swan 公司不断投资于它强大的零售分销网络和品牌，以便主宰 10 档变速车市场。
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：431-金融学综合适用专业：025100-金融硕士［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（6题，每题5分，共30分）1．国际收支2．金本位制3．外汇期货4．净现值5．货币的时间价值6．净营运资本二、判断题（10题，每题2分，共20分）1．不兑现的纸币一般是财政部发行，国家赋予无限法偿能力。
2．信用是价值运动的一种特殊形式，它建立在货币的支付职能的基础上。
3．按照金融交易的交割期限，可以将金融市场划分为货币市场和资本市场。
4．只有满足自由兑换性、普遍接受性和可偿性三个条件的外币及其所表示的资产才是外汇。
5．一国的国际收支不平衡可能由多种原因引起，其调节方法大体相同。
6．公司理财的目标是利润最大化。
7．优先股的估价方法同永久性债券相类似。
8．对于互斥项目投资决策，可以通过计算增量内部收益率的方法进行比较分析。
9．几乎所有的财务计划都要求从外部提供销售预测。
10．中央银行作为国家的银行，一般都具有相对独立性。
三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1．简述债券估价的基本原理2．试述如何计算加权资本成本3．简述货币的形式及基本职能4．举例说明存款货币的创造机制5．简要说明货币政策的传导机制四、计算题（2题，每题10分，共20分）1.假定你投资了450元在一个年利率为12%、期限为2年的金融产品上，那么2年后你将得到多少钱？其中多少是单利？多少是复利？2.你有一项投资将在1年后付给你300美元，2年后付给你400美元，3年后付给你500美元，以及4年后付给你600美元。
从类似的投资中，你可以赚取10%的报酬。
那么，你最多应该为这项投资支付多少钱？五、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1．根据近年来我国物价上涨的实际情况，分析通货膨胀的主要成因和类型，并说明如何治理通货膨胀。
2．结合我国人民币区域化的实际情况，谈谈人民币国际化的利弊及其发展前景。
2018年1月商务英语阅读试题和答案
2018年1月广东省高等教育自学考试商务英语阅读试题（课程代码 05439）I. Translate the following words or phrases into Chinese (10%)1. inflation2. turnover3. fringe benefit4. bearer bond5. consignment6. mutual fund7. brokerage 8. certificate of origin9. mortgage 10. counter offerⅡ. Translate the following words or phrases Into English (10%)11.经济衰退 12.股权证13.预付款 14.期末存货15.电汇 16.赔偿、偿还17.存款 18.配额、限额19.仲裁 20.风险资本Ⅲ. Choose the best answer to fill in the blanks (10%)21. The most major function of money is_________.A. a store of valueB. the unit of accountC. the medium of exchangeD. a standard of deferred payment22. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in economic loss?A. The destruction of one’s home in a fire.B. Loss of income owing to illness.C. Loss of property owing to theft.D. The destruction of one’s property in an accident.23. An insurance policy is_________.A. a government law on insuranceB. a written contract between the insurer and the insuredC. a piece of paper with the insurer’s signature on itD. a set of rules to regulate the insurance market24. Which of the following can NOT be a feature of a bond?A. It has a certain denomination.B. It has a prefixed interest rate.C. It involves high risk.D. It has a prefixed maturity date.25. _________is a small structure with one or more open sides that is used to vend merchandise (as newspapers) or services.A. Telephone boothB. KioskC. NewsstandD. Department store26. Marketers can communicate with large numbers of potential customers at the same timeby_________.A. personal sellingB. direct sellingC. mass sellingD. sending leaflets27. What is meant by“consideration” in a contract?A. An item of considerable value given to the other party.B. An item of value given to the other party.C. Money in exchange of goods.D. Careful thinking before signing a contract.28. To be a wise customer, we must evaluate__________ and choose to buy what is__________.A. the price; the cheapestB. the product quality; of top qualityC. the total product offer; of the best value to usD. the after-sale service; provided with the best after-sale service29. The following are the elements of marketing mix EXCEPT__________.A. priceB. placeC. point-of-saleD. promotion30. What is the major feature of a global marketing strategy?A. uniformityB. flexibilityC. localizationD. diversityIV. In this part, there are some reading passages followed by 15 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four answers marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best one according to your understanding (30%)Passage 1Corporate CultureThe term corporate culture refers to an organization’s value system. Managerial philosophies, workplace practices, and organizational network are included in the concept of corporate culture. Tyson Food’s corporate culture is reflected in the fact that everyone-even CEO Don Tyson wears clothes of a yellowish brown color on the job.The leaders who developed the company and the corporate culture typically shape the corporate culture.One generation of employees passes on a corporate culture to newer employees. Sometimes this is part of formal training. New managers who attend McDonald’s Hamburger University may learn skills in management,but they also pick up the basics of the organization’s corporate culture. Employees can absorb corporate culture through informal contacts as well,by talking with other workers and through their experiences on the job.Corporate culture has a major impact on the success of an organization. In organizations with strong cultures,everyone knows and supports the organizations’objectives.In those with weak cultures, no clear sense of purpose exists. In fact, the authors of the classic book In Search of Excellenceconcluded the presence of a strong corporate culture was the single common thread among many diverse but highly successful companies such as General Electric and McDonald’s.As you can imagine,changing a company’s corporate culture can be very difficult.But some managers try to do just that when they feel the current culture is weak,or when the organization’s objectives change and the old culture no longer fits. Sometimes the competitive situation of a company changes. For instance, electric utilities, which once had their profits guaranteed by public regulation,now face more competition than ever.Firms that were comfortable competing against other American companies now find themselves fighting competitors from overseas, too.Management expert Peter Duckers feels that,rather than trying to change culture,managers should focus on changing employees and corporate practices, as follows.——Define what results are needed. Specify in measurable terms what the organization or department, or office) needs to achieve.——Determine where these results are already being achieved within the current organization. Analyze the departmentsthat are already effective and find out what they are doing differently from the rest.——Determine what top management can do to encourage these good results.Duckers suggests that executives openly ask what they can do to help, and then do it.——Change the reward system-or develop a new one-to recognize these effective practices. When employees realize that the organization really does reward the new approach,they will adoptit much more quickly.Whether one wants to change an organization culture or not,it is importantto choose managers and employees whose personal styles fit the organization’s goals.31. According to the passage, corporate culture _________.A. means the cultural atmosphere in a companyB. is established by top leaders and can’t be changedC. involves the core values of a companyD. has little influence on the performance of a company32. In McDonald’s Hamburger University, new managers _________.A. learn the company’s corporate culture at lengthB. are only interested in learning management skillsC. learn all the necessary skills and practices of the companyD. have chances to know about the company’s corporate culture33. If an organization has a strong corporate culture,_________.A. it can be sure of achieving great successB. it will be as successful as General Electric and McDonald’s pC. its staff tend to work for a common goalD. it may have a strong influence on the market34.One reason why some managers try to change a company’s corporate culture is that_________.A. the existing corporate culture is very strongB. they try to adapt the corporate culture to new situationsC. the company is facing a lot of competitionD. they are not so conservative as the old generation35. Which of the following is NOT advised by Peter Duckers?A. Evaluating different performances of various departments.B. Improving the communication among managers.C. Determine what is to be achieved by the organization.D. Improving the reward system so as to encourage new practices.Passage 2Early Developments in American EconomyEarly American industries depended largely on skilled artisans working in small shops tothserve a local market.But the Industrial Revolution that started in England during the18century did not take long to cross the Atlantic. It brought many changes to American industry between 1776 and 1860. Because labor was scarce in the United States and wages were high, employers welcomed any new method that could reduce the requirement for labor.One key development was the introduction of the factory system,which gathered many workers together in one workplace and produced goods for distribution over a wide area.The first factoryin the United States is generally dated to 1793, when an Englishman named Samuel Slater came to America to build a cotton cloth factory. He built the machinery from memory, because it was a crime to carry factory plant out of England.The success of Slater’s factory started a processof change that turned the northeastern region of the United States into an important manufacturing center. The making of textiles also meant increased demand for cotton, grown in the southern region for the United States. As a result, the nation became a major cotton producer.Another important development was the“American system” of mass production, which originated in the firearms industry about 1800. The new system required precision engineering to create parts that were interchangeable. This, in return, allowed the final product to be assembled in stages, each worker specializing in a specific operation.Just as Slater’s new factory system was being introduced, an American named Eli Whitney made cotton production more efficient by inventing a machine-the cotton gin-that rapidly removedthe seeds from the boils of cotton. Removing the seeds by hand was a difficult task; Whitney’s machine made the job almost easy.Whitney also began manufacturing rifles in a new way.Guns had always been made by gun makers working in their homes or small shops. Because the guns were handmade individually, a part from one gun would not necessarily fit another gun.Whitney began making guns with machinery,so thatall the parts were the same in each gun. This method of manufacturing goods in a factory, with interchangeable parts, helped to advance American industry.In 1913, the automaker Henry Ford introduced the“moving assembly” line. This was a variation on the earlier practice of continuous assembly. By improving efficiency, it made possible a major saving in labor costs. A new breed of industrial managers began the careful study of factory operations with the aim of finding the most efficient ways of organizing tasks. Their concepts of“scientific management”helped to lower the costs of production still further. Lower costs made possible both higher wages for workers and lower prices for consumers. More and more Americans were gaining the ability to purchase products made in the United States. During the first half of the 20th century, mass production of consumer goods such as cars, refrigerators and kitchen ranges helped to revolutionize the ways in which Americans lived.36. In the first paragraph, the author intends to tell us that __________.A. early American industries mainly depended on new methodsB. early American industries mainly depended on people who did skilled work with their handsC. early American industries mainly depended on England industriesD. early American industries mainly depended on new changes37. The first factory in the United States was__________.A. built by an American engineer named Henry FordB. built by an American named Eli WhitneyC. built by an Englishman who built it from memoryD. built by an American who wanted to build a cotton cloth factory38. Another important development was concerning__________.A. the steam enginesB. the mass productionC. the mobile operationD. the textile industry39. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. Henry Ford influenced American people’s life.B. Henry Ford influenced all manufacturing systems.C. Henry Ford influenced the manufacture of cars.D. Henry Ford influenced the system of business.40. According to the passage, we can draw the conclusions EXCEPT that __________.A. the production efficiency has greatly been improved by the“American System”B.many other machines such as refrigerators,washing machines and vacuum cleaners are producedon the assembly lineC. with the interchangeable parts, American industries advanced greatlyD. the industrial managers began the careful study of the operations with the aim of reducingthe methodsPassage 3Problems Potential Exporters Are FacingMany firms fail to succeed, because when they begin exporting they have not researched the target markets or developed an international marketing plum.To be successful,a firm must clearly define its goals,objectives and potential problems.Secondly,it must develop a definitive planto accomplish its objectives,regardless of the problems involved.Unless the firm is fortunate enough to possess a staff with considerable expertise, it may not be able to take this crucial first step without qualified outside guidance.Often top management is not committed enough to overcome the initial difficulties and financial requirements of exporting. It can often take more time and effort to establish a firm in a foreign market than in the domestic one. Although the early delays and costs involved in exporting may seem difficult to justify when compared to established domestic trade,the exporter should take a more objective view of this process and carefully monitor international marketing efforts through these early difficulties. If a good foundation is laid for export business, the benefits derived should eventually outweigh the investment.Another problem area is in the selection of the foreign distributor. The complications involved in overseas communications and transportation require international distributors to act with greater independence than their domestic counterparts. Also, since a new exporter’s trademarks and reputation are usually unknown in the foreign market, foreign customers may buy on the strength of the distributing agent’s reputation. A firm should therefore conduct a thorough evaluation of the distributor’s facilities, the personnel handling its account, and the management methods employed.Another common difficulty for the new exporter is the neglect of the export market once the domestic one booms,too many companies only concentrate on exporting when there is a recession. Others may refuse to modify products to meet the regulations or cultural preferences of other countries. Local safety regulations cannot be ignored by exporters. If necessary modifications are not made at the factory,the distributor must make them,usually at a greater cost and probablynot as satisfactorily. It should also be noted that the resulting smaller profit margin makes the account less attractive.If exporters expect distributing agents to actively promote their accounts, they must be trained,and their performance continually monitored.This requires a company marketing executiveto be located permanently in the distributor’s geographical region. It is therefore advisable for new exporters to concentrate their efforts in a few geographical areas until there is sufficient business to support a company representative.The distributor should also be treatedon an equal basis with domestic counterparts. For example, special discount offers, sales incentive program and special credit terms should be available.Considering a joint-venture or licensing agreement is another option for new exporters. However, many companies still dismiss international marketing as unviable. There are a number of reasons for this.There may be import restrictions in the target market,the company may lack sufficient financial resources, or its product line may be too limited. Yet, many products that can compete on a national basis can be successful in the majority of world markets. In general, all that is needed for success is flexibility in using the proper combinations of marketing techniques.41.In the first paragraph,the writer suggests that firms thinking about exporting should______.A. get professional adviceB. study international marketingC. identify the most profitable marketsD. have different objectives to other exporters42. The writer believes that if sufficient preparation is undertaken ______.A. initial difficulties can be easily avoidedB. the costs can be recovered quite quicklyC. management will become more committedD. the exporter will be successful in the long term43. An exporter should choose a distributor who ______.A. has experienced personnelB. has good communication skillsC. is well-established in the target marketD. is not financially dependent on the import business44. New exporters often make the mistake of ignoring the export market when ______.A. distribution costs are too highB. their product is selling well at homeC. there is a global economic recessionD. distributors cannot make safety modifications45. For a distributor to be successful, the exporter must______.A. focus on one particular regionB. finance local advertising campaignsC. give the same support as to domestic agentsD. make sure there are sufficient marketing staff locallyV. Read the following passages and finish the exercises of each one (40%)Passage 4Human-resource ManagementIf sustainable competitive advantage depends on work-force skills, American firms have a problem. Human-resource management is not traditionally seen as central to the competitive survival of the firm in United States. Skill acquisition is considered an individual responsibility. Labor is simply another factor of production to be hired-rented at the lowest possible cost-much as one buys raw materials or equipment.The lack of importance attached to human-resource management can be seen in the corporate hierarchy. In an American firm the chief financial officer is almost always second in command. The post of head of human-resource management is usually a specialized job, off at the edge of the corporate hierarchy. The executive who holds it is never consulted on major strategic decisions and has no chance to move up to Chief Executive Officer (CEO). By way of contrast,in Japan the head of human-resource management is central-usually the second most important executive, after the CEO, in the firm’s hierarchy.While American firms often talk about the vast amounts spent on training their work forces,in fact they invest less in the skills of their employees than do either Japanese or German firms. The money they do invest is also more highly concentrated on professional and managerial employees. And the limited investments that are made in training workers are also much more narrowly focusedon the specific skills necessary to do the next job rather than on the basic background skills that make it possible to absorb new technologies.As a result,problems emerge when new breakthrough technologies arrive.If American workers,for example, take much longer to learn how to operate new flexible manufacturing stations than workers in Germany (as they do), the effective cost of those stations is lower in Germany than it is in the United States.More time is required before equipment is up and running at capacity, and the need for extensive retraining generates costs and creates bottlenecks that limit the speed with which new equipment can be employed.The result is lower pace of technological change. And in the end the skills of the p opulation affect the wagesof the top half. If the bottom half can’t effectively staff the processes that have to be operated,the management and professional jobs that go with these processes will disappear.A. Mark the following statements true (T) or false (F) according to the passage (10%)46. The management of human resources in American companies sees the gaining of skills as theiremployees’ own business.47.The head of human-resource management in an American firm is directly under the chief financialexecutives in the firms.48.The money most American firms put in training mainly goes to workers who lack basic backgroundskills.49.According to the passages,the decisive factor in maintaining a firm’s competitive advantageis the rational composition of professional and managerial employees.50.According to the passage,the human-resource management strategies of American firms affecttheir competitive capacity.Passage 5Introduction to CompaniesThe General Nature of Companies(56) A company is a form of business organization which is owned by all those who investin it.These investors are known as shareholders as they own or“hold”a share of the company. The size of their share of the company will depend upon the amount of money they have invested in it.The total investment by all of the shareholders is known as the share capital of the company. Thus, unlike a sole trader, where one person owns the business, or a partnership, where a small number of people own a business,a company may be owned by several hundred or even several thousand shareholders.Obviously, all of these people cannot be involved in running the company. Instead, the shareholders appoint directors to run the company on their behalf,if the directors run the company efficiently and make a profit, the shareholders will receive a dividend each year as a return on their investment.Characteristics of CompaniesThe characteristics of companies differ in several respects from both sole traders and partnerships. The following are among the more important differences.Separate Legal Entity(57)A unique feature of a company is that,no matter how many individuals have bought sharesin it, it is treated in its dealings with the outside world as if it was a person in its own right. It is said to be a separate legal entity. Just as the law can create this separate legal person,so also can it eliminate it,but its existence can only be terminated by using the proper legal procedures.Thus, the identity of the shareholders in a large concern may be changing daily as shares are bought and sold by different people. On the other hand, a small private company may have the same shareholders from the date it is incorporated (the day it legally came into being), until the date when liquidation is completed (the cessation of the company, often known alsoas“winding up” or being“wound up”). A prime example of its identity as a separate legal entity is that it may sue its own shareholders, or in turn be sued by them.Limited LiabilityMost companies are“limited” companies. This means that any shareholder who has paidfor the share (s) which he has bought cannot be forced to pay more money into the company if, for example, it is making losses or has gone into liquidation. (58) Thus, the maximum amountof money any shareholder can lose by investing in a company is the amount he has invested.Unlikein sole traders or partnerships a shareholder in a limited company cannot be forced to sell his house, car, etc. to pay the debts of the business.If a shareholder has not paid in full for the shares he has agreed to buy,he can be forcedto pay the balance owing on the shares. Once he has paid that amount he cannot be forced to pay any further amount. Thus, his liability is limited to the amount he has agreed to pay but has not yet paid.This is known as limited liability and the company is known as a limited company. It is important to note that it is the liability of the shareholders that is limited not the liabilityof the company.(59)Companies can incur debts well beyond what they are able to pay and therefore their liabilities can exceed their assets.companies, in which There are, as will be seen later, some companies, known as unlimitedthe liability of the shareholders is not limited. Limited liability and the ability to raise large amounts of finance are the principal reasons why limited companies are the most common form of business organization.Public Companies and Private CompaniesBroadly speaking, there are two classes of company, the public company and the private company. Public companies are also known as PLCs, that is, public limited companies.A private company may not have less than two,or more than fifty,shareholders(excluding employees and ex-employees)and may not offer its shares to the general public.Once some someone has purchased shares in a private company the right to transfer those shares to someone elseis severely restricted.A PLC is a company which fulfils the following conditions:.It must be able to issue share capital of at least 30, 000;. It must have at least seven shareholders. There is no maximum;. Its name must end with the words“public limited company” the abbreviation“plc”.A private company is usually, but not always, smaller than a public company.The shares that are dealt in on the Stock Exchange are all of public limited companies. This does not mean that all public companies’ shares are traded on the Stock Exchange, as, for various reasons, some public companies have either chosen not to, or not been allowed to, havetheir share traded there. The ones that are traded in are known as quoted companies or listed companies meaning that the price of shares in them is quoted (or listed) by the Stock Exchange. Quoted companies have to comply with Stock Exchange rules and regulations.Share Capital and DividendsA shareholder in a limited company obtains his reward for investing in the form of a shareof the profits, known as a dividend. (60) The directors decide how much of the profits is tobe retained in the company and used for expansion. Out of the profits remaining they propose the payment of a certain amount of dividend. The shareholders cannot propose a dividend for themselves higher than that already proposed by the directors. They can, however, propose that a lesser dividend should be paid, although this action is very rare. If the directors propose that no dividend be paid, then the shareholders are powerless to alter the decision.The decision by the directors as to the amount proposed as dividends is a very complex one.Such matters as the effect of taxation,the availability of bank balances to pay the dividends, the possibility of take-over bids and so on will all be taken into account.Dividends are usually expressed as a percentage of the share capital. A dividend of 10%in Company A on 500, 000 Common Shares of£ 1 each will amount to£ 50, 000, or a dividend of 6% in Company B on 200, 000 Common Shares of£ 2 each will amount to£24, 000. A shareholder having 100 shares in each firm would receive£10 from Company A and£12 from Company B.B. Choose the best answer for the following questions (10%)51. A most significant difference between a public company and a small private company lies in that ________.A. a public company has more shareholders than a private companyB.the shareholders of a public company can secure a dividend each year whereas the shareholdersof a private company does notC.the identity of the shareholders of a public company may be changing daily whereas the identityof the shareholders of a private company almost remains the sameD. a public company is treated as a separate legal entity whereas a private company is not52. Which of the following statements is true?A. Unlike a sole trader or partnership a shareholder in an unlimited company can forced to sellhis house or car to pay the debts of the business.B. Like a sole trader or partnership a shareholder in a limited company also faces the risk ofbeing forced to sell his house or car to pay the debts of the business.C. The liabilities of a limited company cannot exceed its assets.D. The liability of a shareholder of a limited company is limited to what he has invested init.53. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A. The number of a private company’s shareholders may not exceed fifty.B. A PLC must have at least seven shareholders.C. A PLC is always larger than a private company.D. Listed companies are those whose shares are traded on Stock Exchange.54. The shareholders of a PLC have the right to do all of the following EXCEPT___________.A. attend general meetings of the companyB. vote for directors at a general meeting of the companyC. propose a dividend for themselves higher than that already proposed by the boardD. propose a dividend less than that already proposed by the board55. When the directors decide the amount proposed as dividends, they have to take into consideration all the following EXCEPT __________.A. the effect of taxationB. whether they have enough money on the account to pay the dividendsC. the number of the company’s shareholdersD.whether they have enough reserves possibly to be used to take over some other company throughStock ExchangeC. Translate the underlined sentences into Chinese (56) (57) (58) (59) (60) (10%)D. Answer the following questions according to your understanding of the passage (10%)61. What are the major differences among companies, sole traders and partnerships according tothe passage?62. Why do most companies nowadays adopt the form of limited companies?。
广东对外贸易对经济增长的实证分析
本科毕业论文（设计） 广东对外贸易对经济增长的实证分析毕业论文基本要求1．毕业论文的撰写应结合专业学习，选取具有创新价值和实践意义的论题。
2．论文篇幅一般为8000字以上，最多不超过15000字。
3．论文应观点明确，中心突出，论据充分，数据可靠，层次分明，逻辑清楚，文字流畅，结构严谨。
4．论文字体规范按《广东金融学院本科生毕业论文写作规范》和“论文样板”执行。
5．论文应书写工整，标点正确，用用微机打印后，装订成册。
本科毕业论文（设计）诚信声明本人郑重声明：所呈交的本科毕业论文（设计），是本人在指导老师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，成果不存在知识产权争议，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本论文不含任何其他个人或集体已经发表或撰写过的作品成果。
对本文的研究做出重要贡献的个人和集体均已在文中以明确方式标明。
本人完全意识到本声明的法律结果由本人承担。
学生签名：时间：年月日关于论文（设计）使用授权的说明本人完全了解广东金融学院关于收集、保存、使用学位论文的规定，即：1.按照学校要求提交学位论文的印刷本和电子版本；2.学校有权保存学位论文的印刷本和电子版，并提供目录检索与阅览服务，在校园网上提供服务；3.学校可以采用影印、缩印、数字化或其它复制手段保存论文；本人同意上述规定。
学生签名：时间：年月日摘要改革开放以来，广东省的经济建设和对外开放都取得了突破性进展。
文章运用协整分析方法和误差修正模型，考察了广东对外贸易进口、出口、消费、投资与经济增长五者之间的关系。
实证研究结果表明：对外贸易进口、出口、消费、投资与经济增长之间存在一个长期稳定的均衡关系，对外贸易、消费和投资分别是经济增长的Granger原因，而经济增长则是出口、投资和消费的Granger原因，出口对经济增长有促进作用，进口对经济增长存在负面影响。
并提出促进广东经济增长的政策建议。
最后，文章就模型的不足方面，提出了模型改进的因素。
关键词：对外贸易；经济增长；Granger因果关系检验；协整分析AbstractWith the revolution and opening of China, Guangdong province has made a great progress on the economy. This paper applies co-integration analysis, Granger causality test and error correction model to study the connection between Guangdong’s economic openness, consumption, investment and economic growth. The result indicates that there are positive co-integration relationships between the economic openness, consumption, investment and economic growth. The economic openness, consumption and investment are the cause of Guangdong’s GDP growth. And Guangdong’s GDP growth is the cause of export, consumption and investment. The analyze shows that there is a positive effect from export trade and negative effect from import trade to Guangdong’s economic growth. Also, the paper proposed policy recommendations to promote economic growth in Guangdong. At the end, whereas the model insufficiency, the paper proposed the other components used to improve on the model.Key words:Economic openness; Economic growth; Granger causality test; Co-integration analysis目录一、引言 (1)二、模型建立 (3)（一）平稳性检验 (3)（二）协整检验 (3)（三）Granger 因果关系检验 (4)（四）误差修正模型 (4)三、数据描述与实证分析 (5)（一）数据 (5)（二）实证结果 (6)1.单位根检验 (7)2.协整检验 (8)3.G ranger 因果关系检验 (9)4.误差修正模型 (9)四、结论与政策件建议 (10)（一）结论 (10)（二）政策建议 (11)五、模型改进 (13)参考文献 (16)致谢 (18)广东对外贸易对经济增长的实证分析一、引言从经济学的理论逻辑看，对外贸易对经济增长有着重要的促进作用。
广外 货币银行学期末重点 全英 米什金
考试题型以及分数分布：一、选择题：1’*20=20’二、名词解释：4’*5=20’三、简答题：8’*5=40’四、论述题：20’*1=20’重点制作思路：1.考虑到时间关系，抓大放小2.结合老师提及复习内容进行预测3.以理顺书本架构为主，看到一个知识点猜一下可能会出什么题The economics of money,banking and financial markets----by Kyle Chapter1：Why Study Money, Banking, and Financial Markets？（本章了解一下这个问题即可，最多考一下选择）Answer：•To examine how financial markets such as bond and stock markets work•To examine how financial institutions such as banks work•To examine the role of money in the economyChapter2：An Overview of the Financial System1.Function of Financial Markets•Perform the essential function of channeling funds from economic players that have saved surplus funds to those that have a shortage of funds•Direct finance: borrowers borrow funds directly from lenders in financial markets by selling them securities.•Promotes economic efficiency by producing an efficient allocation（分配）of capital（资金）, which increases production•Directly improve the well-being of consumers by allowing them to time purchases better 2.Structure of Financial Markets•Debt and Equity （普通股）Markets•Primary and Secondary Markets•Exchanges and Over-the-Counter (OTC不通过交易所而直接售给顾客的) Markets•Money and Capital Markets（货币和资本市场）3. Financial Market Instruments(要能举出例子，很可能考选择)Money markets deal in short-term debt instrumentsCapital markets deal in longer-term debt and equity instruments.4.Internationalization of Financial Markets（重点，选择、名词解释都有可能）•Foreign Bonds & Eurobond?•Eurocurrencies & Eurodollars?•World Stock Markets5．Function of Financial Intermediaries: Indirect Finance（记一下金融中介机构的功能，交易成本很可能考名词解释）•Lower transaction costs (time and money spent in carrying out financial transactions).•Reduce the exposure of investors to risk•Deal with asymmetric 不对称information problems•Conclusion:Financial intermediaries allow “small” savers and borrowers to benefit from the existence of financial markets.6. Types of Financial Intermediaries（会分类即可）Depository institutionsContractual saving institutionsInvestment intermediaries7.Regulation of the Financial System•To increase the information available to investors:•To ensure the soundness 健康稳固of financial intermediariesChapter3：What Is Money?1.Meaning of Money（即definition，必考名词解释！！）•Money (or the “money supply”): anything that is generally accepted in payment for goods or services or in the repayment of debts.2.Functions of Money（重点）•Medium of Exchange:• A medium of exchange must•Unit of Account:•Store 储藏of Value:3.Evolution of the Payments System•Commodity 商品Money•Fiat 法定Money•Checks 支票Electronic Payment (e.g. online bill pay).•E-Money (electronic money):4.Measuring Money （重中之重，M1/M2都很有可能考名词解释）•Construct monetary aggregates using the concept of liquidity:（构建货币总量使用流动性的概念）•M1 (most liquid assets)= currency + traveler’s checks + demand deposits + other checkable deposits.•M2 (adds to M1 other assets that are not so liquid) = M1 + small denomination time deposits + savings deposits and money market deposit accounts + money marketmutual fund shares.Chapter 4：Understanding Interest Rates1.measuring interest rates:Present Value(很可能考察名词解释)A dollar paid to you one year from now is less valuable than a dollar paid to you todaySimple Present Value：PV=CF/(1+i)n次方2.Four Types of Credit Market Instruments•Simple Loan•Fixed Payment Loan•Coupon Bond 附票债券•Discount Bond 贴现债券3.Yield to Maturity（重点，很可能名词解释）•The interest rate that equates the present value of cash flow payments received from a debt instrument with its value today计算4种不同信用工具外加Consol or Perpetuity（金边债券或永久债券）的YM4. Yield on a Discount Basis（了解即可）Current Yield当期收益率Yield on a Discount Basis 折价收益率Rate of Return 收益率5.Rate of Return and Interest Rates（收益率与利息率的distinction）•The return equals the yield to maturity only if the holding period equals the time to maturity• A rise in interest rates is associated with a fall in bond prices, resulting in a capital loss if time to maturity is longer than the holding period•The more distant a bond’s maturity, the greater the size o f the percentage price change associated with an interest-rate change•The more distant a bond’s maturity, the lower the rate of return the occurs as a result of an increase in the interest rate•Even if a bond has a substantial initial interest rate, its return can be negative if interest rates rise6.Interest-Rate Risk•Prices and returns for long-term bonds are more volatile than those for shorter-term bonds•There is no interest-rate risk for any bond whose time to maturity matches the holding period7.Real and Nominal Interest Rates（重点，很可能考察简答题）•Nominal interest rate makes no allowance for inflation•Real interest rate is adjusted for changes in price level so it more accurately reflects the cost of borrowing•Ex ante real interest rate is adjusted for expected changes in the price level•Ex post real interest rate is adjusted for actual changes in the price level8.Fisher Equation（重点考察）Chapter5：The Behavior of Interest Rates1.Determining the Quantity Demanded of an Asset•Wealth: the total resources owned by the individual, including all assets•Expected Return: the return expected over the next period on one asset relative to alternative assets•Risk: the degree of uncertainty associated with the return on one asset relative to alternative assets•Liquidity: the ease and speed with which an asset can be turned into cash relative to alternative assets（流动性很有可能考名词解释）2.Theory of Asset Demand（必考，死活都得背下来）Holding all other factors constant:1.The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related to wealth2.The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related to its expected returnrelative to alternative assets3.The quantity demanded of an asset is negatively related to the risk of its returnsrelative to alternative assets4.The quantity demanded of an asset is positively related to its liquidity relative toalternative assets3.Supply and Demand for Bonds（见到看一下图）Market Equilibrium4.Shifts in the Demand for Bonds•Wealth: in an expansion with growing wealth, the demand curve for bonds shifts to the right•Expected Returns: higher expected interest rates in the future lower the expected return for long-term bonds, shifting the demand curve to the left•Expected Inflation: an increase in the expected rate of inflations lowers the expected return for bonds, causing the demand curve to shift to the left•Risk: an increase in the riskiness of bonds causes the demand curve to shift to the left •Liquidity: increased liquidity of bonds results in the demand curve shifting right 5．Shifts in the Supply of Bonds•Expected profitability of investment opportunities: in an expansion, the supply curve shifts to the right•Expected inflation: an increase in expected inflation shifts the supply curve for bonds to the right•Government budget: increased budget deficits shift the supply curve to the right6.The Liquidity Preference Framework（重中之重）7.Demand for Money in the Liquidity Preference Framework•As the interest rate increases:–The opportunity cost of holding money increases…–The relative expected return of money decreases…•…and therefore the quantity demanded of money decreases.8.Shifts in the Demand for Money（都很重要）•Income Effect:a higher level of income causes the demand for money at each interest rate to increase and the demand curve to shift to the right•Price-Level Effect: a rise in the price level causes the demand for money at each interest rate to increase and the demand curve to shift to the right•Liquidity preference framework leads to the conclusion that an increase in the money supply will lower interest rates: the liquidity effect.•Income effect finds interest rates rising because increasing the money supply is an expansionary influence on the economy (the demand curve shifts to the right). Chapter9:Banking1.The Bank Balance Sheet•Liabilities–Checkable deposits–Nontransaction deposits–Borrowings–Bank capital•Assets–Reserves(准备金)–Cash items in process of collection–Deposits at other banks–Securities–Loans–Other assets2.Basic Banking:•Cash Deposit：Opening of a checking account leads to an increase in the bank’s reserves equal to the increase in checkable depositsCheck Deposit3．Inter-business•Bank settlement•Finance lease•Fiduciary business•Safe deposit box4.Off-Balance-Sheet Activities•Loan sales (secondary loan participation)•Generation of fee income. Examples:Chapter12:Central Banks and the Federal Reserve System(此章省略很多)1.Structure of the Fed(了解即可)12 FRBs（9人）Member BanksFOMC (7+1+4人)Federal Advisory Council （12人）2.Federal Reserve Bank（3+3+3人）Functions：Clear checksIssue new currencyWithdraw damaged currency from circulationAdminister and make discount loans to banks in their districtsEvaluate proposed mergers and applications for banks to expand their activitiesAct as liaisons between the business community and the Federal Reserve SystemExamine bank holding companies and state-chartered member banksCollect data on local business conditionsUse staffs of professional economists to research topics related to the conduct of monetary policyChapter13&14：The Money Supply Process:1.Players in the Money Supply ProcessCentral bank (Federal Reserve System)Banks (depository institutions; financial intermediaries)Depositors (individuals and institutions)2．Fed’s Balance Sheet4.Open Market Purchase•The effect of an open market purchase on reserves depends on whether the seller of the bonds keeps the proceeds from the sale in currency or in deposits•The effect of an open market purchase on the monetary base always increases the monetary base by the amount of the purchaseOpen Market Sale•Reduces the monetary base by the amount of the sale•Reserves remain unchangedThe effect of open market operations on the monetary base is much more certain than the effect on reserves5.Fed’s Ability to Control the Monetary BaseSplit the monetary base into two components :MBn= MB - BRthe non-borrowed monetary base :MBnborrowed reserves:BR6.The Formula for Multiple Deposit Creation（很重要！必考,记住公式）7.Factors that Determine the Money SupplyChanges in the nonborrowed monetary base MBnChanges in borrowed reserves from the FedChanges in the required reserves ratioChanges in currency holdingsChanges in excess reserves8.The Money Multiplier(重点)Assume that the desired holdings of currency C and excess reserves ER grow proportionally with checkable deposits D. Then,c = {C/D} = currency ratioe = {ER/D} = excess reserves ratioThe monetary base MB equals currency (C) plus reserves (R):MB = C + R = C + (r x D) + ERM=m*MB=m*(MBn+BR)M=1+c/r+e+cChapter 15：Tools of Monetary Policy1. Tools of Monetary PolicyOpen market operationsChanges in borrowed reservesChanges in reserve requirementsFederal funds rate: the interest rate on overnight loans of reserves from one bank to another 2.Demand in the Market for ReservesSupply in the Market for Reserves3.Affecting the Federal Funds Rate4.Open Market Operations（超级重点）Advantages：The Fed has complete control over the volumeFlexible and preciseEasily reversedQuickly implemented5.Discount Policy（超级重点）Advantages：Used to perform role of lender of last resortdisadvantages：Cannot be controlled by the Fed; the decision maker is the bank6.Reserve Requirements（超级重点）Advantages：•No longer binding for most banksdisadvantages：•Can cause liquidity problems•Increases uncertainty for banks7.Monetary Policy Tools of the European Central Bank•Open market operations•Lending to banks•Reserve RequirementsChapter16：The Conduct of Monetary Policy: Strategy and Tactics1. Goals of Monetary Policy（1）The Price Stability Goal•Low and stable inflation•Inflation•Nominal anchor to contain inflation expectations•Time-inconsistency problem（2）Other Goals of Monetary Policy•High employment•Economic growth•Stability of financial markets•Interest-rate stability•Foreign exchange market stability2.Monetary Targeting•Advantages–Almost immediate signals help fix inflation expectations and produce less inflation –Almost immediate accountability•Disadvantages–Must be a strong and reliable relationship between the goal variable and the targeted monetary aggregat e3.Inflation Targeting•Public announcement of medium-term numerical target for inflation•Institutional commitment to price stability as the primary, long-run goal of monetary policy and a commitment to achieve the inflation goal•Information-inclusive approach in which many variables are used in making decisions •Advantages•Does not rely on one variable to achieve target•Easily understood•Reduces potential of falling in time-inconsistency trap•Stresses transparency and accountability•Disadvantages•Delayed signaling•Too much rigidity•Potential for increased output fluctuations•Low economic growth during disinflation4.Monetary Policy with an Implicit Nominal AnchorThere is no explicit nominal anchor in the form of an overriding concern for the Fed.Forward looking behavior and periodic “preemptive strikes”The goal is to prevent inflation from getting started.•Advantages–Uses many sources of information–Avoids time-inconsistency problem•Disadvantages–Lack of transparency and accountability–Strong dependence on the preferences, skills, and trustworthiness of individuals in charge–Inconsistent with democratic principles5.Tactics: Choosing the Policy Instrument•Tools–Open market operation–Reserve requirements–Discount rate•Policy instrument (operating instrument)–Reserve aggregates–Interest rates–May be linked to an intermediate target•Interest-rate and aggregate targets are incompatible (must chose one or the other).6.Linkages Between Central Bank Tools, Policy Instruments, Intermediate Targets, and Goals of Monetary Policy(中间目标是超级重点，死活都要背下来)Chapter19:The Demand for Money1.Velocity of Money and The Equation ofExchangeV=P*Y/MM*V=P*Y2.Quantity Theory of Money DemandSO: Demand for money is determined by:The level of transactions generated by the level of nominal income PYThe institutions in the economy that affect the way people conduct transactions and thus determine velocity and hence k3.Keynes’s Liquidity Preference TheoryTransactions motivePrecautionary motiveSpeculative motiveVelocity is not constant:4.Friedman’s Modern Quantity Theory of Money(记住该公式及其含义)5.Differences between Keynes’s and Friedman’s Model (cont’d)•Friedman–Includes alternative assets to money–Viewed money and goods as substitutes–The expected return on money is not constant; however, r b – r m does stay constant as interest rates rise–Interest rates have little effect on the demand for money•Friedman (cont’d)–The demand for money is stable–velocity is predictable–Money is the primary determinant of aggregate spendingChapter23：Transmission Mechanisms of Monetary Policy: The Evidence1.Framework(1)Structural Modelwhether one variable affects another•Transmission mechanism–The change in the money supply affects interest rates–Interest rates affect investment spending–Investment spending is a component of aggregate spending (output) Advantages and Disadvantages(2)Reduced-Form•Analyzes the effect of changes in money supply on aggregate output (spending) to see if there is a high correlationAdvantages and Disadvantages2.Transmission Mechanisms of Monetary Policy(1)Asset Price EffectsTraditional interest rate effectsExchange rate effects on net exports...(2)Credit ViewChapter24:Money and Inflation1.meaning of inflation(死活背下来)extremely high for a sustained period of time, its rate of money supply growth is also extremely high•Money Growth–High money growth produces high inflation•Fiscal Policy–Persistent high inflation cannot be driven by fiscal policy alone•Supply Shocks–Supply-side phenomena cannot be the source of persistent high inflation •Conclusion: always a monetary phenomenon2.Origins of Inflationary Monetary Policy•Cost-push inflation–Cannot occur without monetary authorities pursuing an accommodating policy •Demand-pull inflation•Budget deficits–Can be the source only if the deficit is persistent and is financed by creating money rather than by issuing bonds•Two underlying reasons–Adherence of policymakers to a high employment target–Presence of persistent government budget deficits3.The Discretionary (Activist)/ Nondiscretionary (Nonactivist) Policy Debate（1）Advocates of discretionary policy：regard the self-correcting mechanism as slowPolicy lags slow activist policy（2）Advocates of nondiscretionary policy:believe government should not get involvedDiscretionary policy produces volatility in both the price level and output。
广东财经大学357英语翻译基础2024年考研真题
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2024年考试科目代码及名称：357-英语翻译基础适用专业：055100翻译［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］Part I Translate the following words and phrases. (30题，每题1分，共30分) Section A English-Chinese Translation (15分)1.A fall into the pit, a gain in your wit.2.Look before you leap.3.A young idler, an old beggar.4.black market5.pillar industry6.World Wide Fund for Nature7.Falling Objects8.a land of honey and milk9.a Napoleon of finance10.asymmetric information11.C. I. F.12.Export Contract13.two-way trade14.average cost pricing15.force majeureSection B Chinese-English Translation (15分)16.破釜沉舟17.拆东墙补西墙18.一寸光阴一寸金19.四书五经20.一带一路21.人类命运共同体22.国务院23.中华民族伟大复兴24.脱贫攻坚25.三角债26.承包方27.特许产品28.转基因食物29.连锁反应30.纸老虎Part II Translate the following sentences. (10题，每题3分，共30分)Section A English-Chinese Translation (15分)1.Some writers who do not think clearly are inclined to suppose that their thoughts have a significance greater than at first sight appears.2.Elliot was too clever not to see that many of the persons who accepted his invitations did so only to get a free meal and that of these some were stupid and some worthless.3.The Ministry of Health said the man was being held at a special isolation facility for the remaining period of his quarantine and that his case was being investigated.4.Postdoctoral fellowships have been defined by the National Research Council as appointments of a temporary nature “which are intended to offer an opportunity for continued education and experience in research, usually though not necessarily, under the supervision of a senior mentor.”5.Any event or circumstance beyond the control of the Parties shall be deemed an event of Force Majeure and shall include, but not be restricted to, fire, storm, flood, earthquake, explosion, war, rebellion, insurrection, epidemic and quarantine restrictions.Section B Chinese-English Translation (15分)6.与伦敦格林公司所签代理合约，经双方同意，将于6月底失效。
《外汇交易实务》期末考试题库
第一章外汇、汇率与外汇交易市场一、单项选择题:1、目前，多数国家(包括我国人民币）采用的汇率标价法是( A ).A、直接标价法B、间接标价法C、应收标价法D、美元标价法2、按银行汇款方式不同，作为基础的汇率是( A )。
A、电汇汇率B、信汇汇率C、票汇汇率D、现钞汇率3、外汇成交后，在未来约定的某一天进行交割所采用的汇率是( B )。
A、浮动汇率B、远期汇率C、市场汇率D、买入汇率4、若要将出口商品的人民币报价折算为外币报价,应用( A ）.A、买入价B、卖出价C、现钞买入价D、现钞卖出价5、银行对于现汇的卖出价一般( A ）现钞的买入价。
A、高于B、等于C、低于D、不能确定6、我国银行公布的人民币基准汇率是前一日美元对人民币的( B ）。
A、收盘价B、银行买入价C、银行卖出价D、加权平均价7、外汇规避风险的方法很多。
关于选择货币法,说法错误．．的是（ A ）.A、收“软”币付“硬"币B、尽量选择本币计价C、尽量选择可自由兑换货币D、软硬币货币搭配8、下列外汇市场的参与者不包括．．．( C ）。
A、中国银行B、索罗斯基金C、无涉外业务的国内公司D、国家外汇管理局宁波市分局9、对于经营外汇实务的银行来说，贱买贵卖是其经营原则，买卖之间的差额一般为1‰～5‰，是银行经营经营外汇实务的利润。
那么下列哪些因素使得买卖差价的幅度越小( A )。
A、外汇市场越稳定B、交易额越小C、越不常用的货币D、外汇市场位置相对于货币发行国越远10、被公认为全球一天外汇交易开始的外汇市场的（ C ）。
A、纽约B、东京C、惠灵顿D、伦敦11、下列不属于．．．外汇市场的参与者有（ D ).A、中国银行B、索罗斯基金C、国家外汇管理局浙江省分局D、无涉外业务的国内公司12、在有形市场中,规模最大外汇交易市场的是( A )。
A、伦敦B、纽约C、新加坡D、法兰克福二、多项选择题：1、下列哪些经济因素会对汇率的变动产生影响（ABCDE）A、国际收支状况B、通货膨胀率C、利率水平D、国家干预E、财政政策与货币政策的协调2、外汇市场有以下哪些作用 (ABCDE）A、调节外汇供求B、形成外汇价格体系C、便利资金的国际转移D、提供外汇资金融通E、防范外汇风险3、外汇市场上的参与者有 (ABCD）A、外汇银行B、进出口商C、外汇经纪人D、中央银行4、从银行买卖外汇的角度,汇率可分（ ABCD )A、买入价B、现钞价C、基准价D、卖出价5、根据汇买卖后资金交割的时间，汇率可以分（BD )。
2023年01月国际商务金融(广东)无水印真题及答案
2023年1月广东省高等教育自学考试国际商务金融试题试题(课程代码11750)一、单项选择题：本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分。
在每小题列出的备选项中只有一项是最符合题目要求的，请将其选出。
1.国际直接投资与国际间接投资的最主要区别是A.投资者是否对国内企业拥有有效控制权B.投资者能否有效地控制作为投资对象的外国企业C.投资者能否从投资对象的外国企业获得股利收入D.投资者是否拥有作为投资对象的外国企业的投票权2.某日香港外汇市场外汇报价，美元兑港元的即期汇率为USD1=HKD7.7700,3个月美元升水200点，则3个月美元兑港元的远期汇率为D1=HKD7.7500D1=HKD7.7900D1=HKD7.5700D1=HKD7.97003.本国居民从国外获得的无偿转移计入A.资本转移的借方B.经常转移的借方C.经常转移的贷方D.资本转移的贷方4.在1925-1931年期间，1英镑的含金量为7.3224克，1美元所含纯金则为1.504656克，两者相比等于4.8665，即1英镑等于4.8665美元。
假定在英国和美国之间运送1英镑黄金的费用为0.02美元，那么美国对英国的黄金输出点为A.4.8465美元B.4.8645美元C.4.8665美元D.4.8865美元5.通过立法形式确定本币和某一指定外币之间的固定比价，辅以对发行当局的限制，以确保其法定义务得以执行。
这样的汇率安排是A.稳定汇率安排B.爬行钉住安排C.浮动汇率安排D.货币局安排6.记账性国际金融中心不发生实质性的业务活动，只是为发生在其他地区的金融交易提供合法的登记场所。
属于记账性国际金融中心的是A.伦敦B.纽约C.法兰克福D.巴哈马7.汇率变化的不确定性会给企业带来外汇风险，在下列国际业务中，企业会面临外汇风险的是A.日本某企业向中国出口一批货物，采用日元结算，账期为三个月B.英国某企业向美国出口一批货物，采用英镑结算，账期为六个月C.德国某企业向美国出口一批货物，采用欧元结算，账期为三个月D.法国某企业向日本出口一批货物，采用日元结算，账期为三个月8.出票人对受款人承诺无条件支付一定金额的票据是A.支票B.银行承兑汇票C.商业承兑汇票D.本票9.国际货币基金组织的最高决策机构是A.理事会B.执行董事会C.国际货币与金融委员会D.发展委员会10.区域贸易集团按经济一体化的程度划分，一体化程度较低的组织形式是A.自由贸易区B.关税同盟C.经济联盟D.政治联盟二、多项选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题2分，共20分）在每小题列出的五个备选项中至少有两个是符合题目要求的，请将其代码填写在凰的括号内。
国际金融(广东商学院)模拟试题四(含答案)
国际金融（广东商学院）模拟试题四一、名词解释（5×6分）1．经常账户2．J形曲线效应3．汇率低估4．国际货币体系5．支出转换政策6．蒙代尔最优货币区理论二、判断题（1×10分。
判断对的打“√”，判断为错的打“×”）1．购买力平价理论是以劳动价值论为基础的。
2．国际收支乘数论中的乘数是指边际进口倾向。
3．资本流出是指把外国货币换成本国货币。
4．资产市场说是指本国货币市场、本国证券市场和外国证券市场的同时均衡决定本国货币汇率。
5．固定汇率制度下货币政策更有效。
6．直接管制政策属于支出转换政策。
7．本国货币贬值能够立即改善本国国际收支。
8．货币危机不可能引发金融危机。
9．远期合约就是期货。
10．根据利率平价理论，低利率货币在远期市场上必定升水。
三、简答题（6×7分）1．简述马歇尔——勒纳条件。
2．简述利率平价理论的基本内容。
3．简述浮动汇率制条件下国际收支自动调节机制。
4．简述影响汇率变动的主要经济因素。
5．简述金币本位制的特点。
6．简述分别在固定汇率制和浮动汇率制下财政政策和货币政策的有效性。
7．简述固定汇率制度的优点和缺点。
三、计算题（5×2分）1．某日在伦敦和纽约两地的外汇牌价如下：伦敦市场为￡1=＄1．7800/1．7810，纽约市场为￡1=＄1．7815/1．7825。
根据上述市场条件如何套汇？若以2000万美元套汇，套汇利润是多少？（不计交易成本）。
2某日在伦敦和纽约两地的外汇牌价如下：伦敦市场为：￡1=＄1．50，纽约市场为：＄1=RMB8．0，而在中国上海市场上的外汇牌价为：￡1=RMB13．0。
请计算：（1）由基本汇率计算出来的英镑与人民币之间的交叉汇率为多少？（2）如果一个投资者有1500万美元，请问该投资者应该如何套汇才能获利？能够获利多少（不计交易成本）？四、论述题（8分）试述布雷顿森林体系的主要内容及其崩溃的根本原因。
参考答案及评分标准一、名词解释（5×6分）1．经常账户：国际收支平衡表中对实际资源在国际间的流动行为进行记录的账户。