2008年6月大学英语六级AB卷10
2008年英语职称考试AB级阅读
- 1 -There are various ways in which individual economic units can interact with…(1)经济体系1. What is the main purpose of the passage? To outline contrasting types of economic…2. In the second paragraph,the word “real” in “real goods” could best be ……? concrete3. According to the passage,a barter economy can lead to difficulties for the traders4. Accord to the passage,who has the greatest degree of control in an ……?The government5. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the …… a traditional society? Age Advretising has been among England’s biggest growth industries since…, (2)广告业1. Advertising are appreciated by manusacturers because they accept responsibility for givinga …2. The passage tells us that some manufacturers,instead of … appeal3. According to the passage,doctors are most successful when they are. authoritative4. Advertising men dress people up in white coats because it makes their advertise….5. The advertisers’ attitude is based is based on the hope that consumers are uncritical and easily influencedA popularly-held view has it that “opportunity to learn” (3)教育学习1. The passage is mainly concerned with exposing educational myths2. All of the following are commonly-held beliefs about education EXCEPT culture is not a deciding factor in …3. Which of the follwing statements is supported by the passage? Norwegian teenagers do better than …4. The fact that English pupils well at science andbadly at math while in…… teaching methods5. Which of the following countries does worst inscience? FranceWe are living in an age where the printed word ismore important than it has ever been before. (4)阅读与信息1. In the first paragraph,examples are given toshow the important role reading ...2. When the writer says the bookworms “are a dyingbreed”,he feels sad3. Nowadays school children and students arereluctant read.4. In the pre-TV age people regarded reading asa leisure activity.5. What does the writer really try to tell us inthis passage? Nowadays fewer and…It is no secret that fathers tend to spend lesstime than mothers caring for their children. (5)动物1. John Allman’ s research found out that aparent lives a shorter life if he does not …2. From the passage we can conclude that, forprimates, a mate…how sure the male is that…3. The most important information obtained fromthe…male titi and owl monkeys live lo…4. Which of the following would be theevolutionary…? Producing more offspring.5. Scientists still don’ t know what advantages,if any, are gained by female …All research to date on body image shows that womenare much more critical of their(6)女性注重外观1. The main purpose of the passage is to explaina phenomenon .2. The difference between men and women when theylook into the mirror is that women, more than men,come away …3. The phrase “bombarded with” (para. 3) couldbest be replaced by influenced by4. Which of the following can be inferred about thephysically perfect woman in 1917? She was notvery much different…5. Today s perfect woman is achievable, in termsof every physical aspect, by which of ……? 1We say that physical beauty is skin deep and that“pretty is as pretty does”. (7)漂亮的人受欢迎1. The phrase “pretty is as pretty does” (para.1) most probably…beauty suggests good2. The word “swayed” (para. 5) is closest inmeaning to influenced3. What could we infer about standardized tests?They are free of personal prefer…4. If you give somebody “the benefit of doubt,”you tend to believe he is innocent5. Which of the following statements is supportedby the passage? Attractive …Sometimes love can happen by accident. (8)马克吐温的爱情故事1. The word “smitten” (para. 2) could best bereplaced by impressed2. Mark Twain’ s purpose to ask to stay in theLangdon home was to see Langdon’s sister3. When Langdon knew that Mark Twain was in lo…he thought Mark Twain was not good …4. According to the passage, Mark Twain made the- 2 -best use of the wagon incident5. The author would most likely agree with which of the…? Mark Twain knew how to…Pneumornia, an acute in flammation of the lungs, （9）肺炎1. We learn from the first paragraph that there are different types of pneumonia2. All the following are at high risk of dying from pneumonia…a person who coughs…3. It can be inferred that North Dakota is a cold area4. According to the passage, Florida has the lowest level of pneu…people there are healthy5. The author’s main purpose is to inform on pneumonia in the U.S.Are women behind the scence in Hollywood getting the same treatment as men? (11)好莱坞1. The author says “The signs look good” (para.1) to indicate that women’s position in Hollywood…2. The word “glacial” (para.2) most probably means slow3. Women screenwriters are more likely to write about women stories4. What can be inferred about Kimberly Pierce (para.5)? She is a woman director.5. We can conclude that women’s current positions are a result of …Today wen are facing new expectations and new choices about their commitments to society (12)男人对家庭的责任1. The author points out in the first paragraph that men are at loss as to what roles they…2. What does the author mean by “involvedfathers” …? Men who are willing to carry…3. An involved father is not necessarily an equalfather…he has less co mmitment to family …4. The word “anathema” (para. 4) most probablymeans something that people dislike5. The author implies that society is not readyfor men’ s egalitarian attitude toward fami…Until just a few years age,making a baby boy ora baby girl was pretty much a hit-or-miss affair.(13) 基因技术1. What is gene therapy supposed to do if it livesup to its promise? Insert genes.2. What can scientists do now? Prescreen a babys sex .3. Which of the following best expresses JeremyRifkin’ s attitude towa…? Critical.4. Which of the following statements istrue? Designing babies may cause ethical con...5. What does the author mean when he says “Theywill have a bit of time” (para. 5)? There is noneed at the moment to be t…At some time in your life you may have a strongdesire to do something strange or terrible. (14)肥胖1. From the passage we can infer taboo is behaviorconsidered unacceptable…2.Based on the ideas presented in the passage wecan conclude “being fat”___ …… may no longerbe a taboo …3. The topic of fat is ___ many other taboo subjects.different from4. In the U.S., thin is “in”, fat is “out”, thismeans thin is “fashionable”, fat is“unfashionable”5. Apart from this new understanding of thecorrelation between health and exercise,……theireagerness to stay thin and youthful.The girl moved shakily towards the open doors ofthe life but before she could step out, (15)异国女孩电梯脱险1. Why did the girl want to get out of thelift? She was being chased.2. The first time the lift stopped thegirl didn’t’ t get out fast enough3. When the girl pressed the red knob, thelift jolted to a halt4. What did the girl do before releasing the redknob? She pressed the bottom knob.5. Why did the girl wedge the trough between thedoors? So that the lift could not move.Laziness is a sin,everyone knows that. (16)懒惰1. The main idea of this passage is that there areadvantages and dis advantages …2. The passage states that some people appearlazy because they are insecure3. Which of the following conclusions does thepassage support? The word laziness is so …4. The final paragraph is humorous5. As used in this passage (para. 2), the word“devised” means formulatedNormally a student must attend a certain number- 3 -of courses in order to graduate, (17)学生毕业1. Normally a student would at least attend 12classes each week.2. According to the first paragraph an American …to take a particular course in…3. American university students are usually under press…their academic performance…4. Some students are enthusiastic for positions in student organ...such positions help them…5. The student organizations seem to be effect…ensuring that the students observe…Through a series of experiments an American scientist has obtained an understanding of the (18)蚂蚁1. In which way are the ants dissimilar to other …? They do not need to search for food.2. It seems that smaller ants perform more of the domestic tasks3. “good” (first line of para. 4) refers to the ants’ efficiency in working4. The scientist’ s work was based on systematic observations5. The organization of the ants bears the effect of dividing the work up systematicallyA third of Britons are overweight, (19)超重1. The passage mainly talks about Britons’ overweight problem2. According to the report, a person is most likely to …… gets fat when he is a child3. The report thinks that exercise is a sure way to keep one healthy4. The report points out that drinking too much alcohol _will also cause one to get fat5. Britain s doctors, when treating the overweight, should be more considerate and…Basically,there are three typesoffatigue:physical,pathological,andpsychological. (20) 疲劳1. The topic for this passage is types of fatigue2. Physical fatigue is usually caused by excesswastes in the bloodstream3. The best solution to psychological fatigue isto change your attitude or activity4. It can be inferred from the articlethat jogging can be used as an escape from…5. Which of the following statements conforms tothe passage? Changing your diet cannot…No matter who you are or where you come from,onething is certain: (21)蚊子1. Why do mosquitoes seem always with us? Becausemosquitoes are everywhere and come in manykinds.…2. A female mosquito bites you but not others,it’s because your body temperature, body warmthand chemical …3. After her delicious dinner, a mosquito picks aspot to quietly lay her eggs4. Under what circumstances will the mosquito..?No water available for at least 5 years.5. According to this passage, what do malemosquitoes have for…? The nectar of flowers.Shopping for clother is not the same experiencefor a man as it is for a woman. (22)购物1. When a man is buying clothes, he does not mindhow much he has to pay for the right…2. What does a man do when he cannot get exactly …?He usually does not buy anything.3. In commerce a good salesman is one who sellssomething a customer does not partic…4. What does the passage tell us about womenshoppers? They welcome suggestions from...5. What is the most obvious difference between menand women…? The time they take over...Many intelligent people equate happiness withfun. (23) 乐趣1. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, theword “it refers to happiness2. Fun activities include all the followingEXCEPT helping the poor3. According to the passage, which of the followingstatements is TRUE? Couples who have children …4. It can be concluded from the passage thathappiness is ever-lasting5. What is the passage mainly about? The secretof true happiness.When we talk about getting online,we mean beingconnected to the Interet-- (24)因特网1. Which of the following is TRUE about theInternet? The Internet contains informat on almostany topic you can imagine …2. Which of the following is NOT true about the Web?Web is one part of the Internet.and began in the1960s3. As the result of the arrival of theWeb, Internet began to be used widely by people4. This passage lays stress on the use of theInternet5. Which of the following points is NOT inc..?TheInternet can do your children s.homeworkThe old idea that child prodigies(神童)”burnthemselves out ” or (25)神童1. The survey of bright children was made to findout what happened to child prodigies …- 4 -2. Intelligence tests showed that bright children were also bright adults3. Generally speaking, it was found that as a group the gifted both B and C4. The survey revealed that the women in the group who remained single had white-collar..5. The survey of 1,500 gifted persons indicated that gifted children become successful adultsIt was not yet eleven o’clock when a boat crossed the river with a single (26)船夫1. The boatman was willing to take Robin across the …he wanted to make more money2. The boatman was very certain that Robin s birth place was in the country3. The story took place in America4. The sentence . . . his equipment …” means that his equipment was put in the bag which was not packed …5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? Robin wore a pair of knitted stockings and a new hatTwo men on a touring holiday of Britain were injured by an explosion in their motor (27)红狮衔的爆炸1. The two men in the van were slightly hurt2. The word “leap” most probably…Jump over3. Mr. Webster thought that the explosion was like a bomb4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the…? Mr. Webster helped to put out the fire5. In the explosion the van was burnedThere are robots all around us. (28)机器人1. In this passage the author tells us that robotsare all around us2. The author says that in factories robots arevery useful3. Since people like what robots do, what do youthink this …? More and better robots will be built4. What does the author of this passage seem towant …? They are very helpfui and useful to humans5. The fact that a robot never gets bored doing thesame job …… it will do some jobs better thanpeople…Some people believe that international spoetcreates good will between the nations (29)体育比赛1. According to the author, recent Olympic Gameshave barely shown any international..2. What did the manager mean by saying,“... finished ? Hockey and the Feder ation…3. The basketball example implied that too muchpatriotism was displayed in the in…4. The author gives the two examples in paragraphs2 and3 to show how national pride led toundesirable incidents in ----5. What conclusion can be drawn from thepassage? International contests are liable for-----It is difficult to imagine what life would be likewithout memory. (30)记忆力1. According to the passage, memory is consideredto be an ability to store …2. The comparison made between the memorycapacity of a large computer…the computer smemory capacity is much smaller even…3. The whole passage implies that animals areable to solve only very simple problems4. The phrase “in terms of in the last sentencecan best be replaced by “by means of”5. The topic of the passage is Memory is of vitalimportance to life.Chosing a travel companion is at least asuncertain as choosing marriage partner. (31)选择旅行伙伴1. According to the author, compared with choosinga …_is perhaps less certain than it2. Travel will give us a chance to testify ourfriendship3. The travel companion the author refers tois anybody who shares a trip simply for pa….4. The author thinks that the advantages ofchoosing a travel companion are at least as…5. We can infer from the passage that like-mindedpeople should make good travel..Is it possible to persuade mankind to live without war? (32)战争1. This passage implies that war is now morethreatening than in the past2. According to the author, war must be abolishedif man wants to survive3. The author says that modem weapons put mankindin grave danger4. The author believed that the only way to abolishwar is to settle international issues…5. Which of the following is implied in thepassage? Man should resort to peaceful ways insolving …The question of what children learn, (33)教育1. People do not dare to defend the old systemmainly bec…children were made to learn …2. What do the modern psychologistsmaintain? Children must be understood and- 5 -respected.3. What happens when teachers pay too much attention to……? They do not pay enough…4. Grammatical sentences are regarded as unimportant..it is felt that formal grammar…5. According to the passage, the modem methods are understood by neither teachers…Despite the fact that today viruses are known to cancer in animals and in certain plants, (34)病毒与癌症1. Cancer should be considered to be a biological proble…results of experiments …2. The possibility that a virus causes human cancer is indic…the fact that viruses have…3. Many people believe that viruses cannot possibly be of they seem to be inf ectious to…4. The best tide for this passage is Viruses and Cancer5. According to the passage, cancer cells are similar to the cell of originHumor is a most effective,yet frequently eglected (35) 幽默1. What is the main idea of the passage? Humor enab les us to cope with difficult …2. Which of the following is NOT stated in the passage? People often turn to humorous…3. What caused the roast turkey to drop onto the floor? The backward movement of the door.4. By saying “ ? ? ? and bring in the other one,” the hostess…the son could serve the same …5. What do you think would probably be the result…? It would make the embarrassing...In recent years American society has become increasingly (36) 美国大学1. According to the author, __ is the most important….preparing their students to …2. According to the passage, ….the government hasstopped giving public…3. The phrase “impinge on” in Paragraph 1 mostprobably means have an impact on4. A serious outcome brought out by the shortageof resources …teachers are not…5. Which of the following statements is NOTtrue?Though in difficulty, these institutions…Death comes quickly in the mountains. (37)雪崩1. Each winter holiday makers in the mountains comeface… they fail to realize how dange …2. According to the writer, skiing conditions inthe Sal…typical of conditions resulting in …3. It would appear from the text that avalanchesare brought ab….the ice between different …4. In areas where avalanches are known tohappen measures are taken to prevent….5. Although accidents do happen, skiers will bereas…they stay on the officially approved…As the U.S. finds itself increasingly interwinedwith its global partners, (38)美国自由贸易1. What is the best title for the passage? Fittingintoa Global Economy.2. According to the passage, what is the role .?The U.S. opposes but also practices…3. The word “rebound” as used at the end o f thefirst paragraph is ……to spring back4. According to the passage, in internationalbusiness,Washington—is awakened to thesignificance of --------5. The basic tone of the passage can best bedescribed matter-of-fact and down-to-earthWhy are so many people unhappy in theirjobs? （39）跳槽1. The first main reason for manypeople’s unhappi…working is the leastenjoyable…2. The second main reason for their unhappi…theyhave no other way out…3.With an up-to-date resume ready as an option,you… it is up to you to choose betw…4. It can be inferred that the author tries tosound persuasive and convincing…5. What is the author’s “attitude towardsself-esteem” (Para. 2)? SupportiveIn a breath-taking turn of events,Asia’seconomies have goes from miracle to (40)亚洲金融危机1. What is the most appropriate title for thispassage?The Asian Miracle Takes Some Hits.2. The word meltdown in Paragraph 1, sentence 1 isclosest in …nuclear energy slips out of …3. According to the author, in normal cases,over-investment does not necessarily lead to…4. The chain reaction of investment withdrawalsfrom the East Asian countrie…contagion effect5. According to the passage, what is supposed tobe the key link to the…?To regain confidence.The military aspect of the United States Civil Warhas always attracted the most… (41)人民对战争的重要性1. With what topic is the passage primarilyconcerned? The civilian response to the…2. According to the passage, during the Civil Warthe South no longer provided the…cotton3. Which of the following conclusions can be ……?The North owed its vi ctory partly…4. The phrase “in high gear” in Paragraph 3,sentence 1 is closest in…in efficient operation- 6 -5. The author implies that students of the Civil War usually concentrate on the battlefield The man who invented Coca-Cola was not a native Atlantan, (42)可口可乐的故事1. On the day of Pemberton’ s funeral the Atlanta’ s… he invented the headache …2. According to the passage, Coca-Cola was altered from French Wine Coca3. Frank M. Robinson contributed to the popularize…offered services and wrote the …4. Pemberton s Coca-Cola was looked upon as a medicine because it contained Caffeine5. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?Pemberton and His Coca-Col Banking is about money and no other familiar commodity arouses such (43)钱、价值、经济1. According to the passage, economics is similar to other social sciences because it is imprecise2. In the writer’ s view, the assertion that money would ……tells us nothing of interest or si…3. Modem societies control supply and demand by means of money and the price mechanism4. The writer suggests that economics is concerned with understanding the effect of…5. In developed economies, service industries tend to employ an increasing number of …(44)婚姻1. Which of the following is the best topic for this passage? The virtues of marriage.2. It can be inferred from the passage that the author has No fewer than three children.3. Which of the following do you think the author might agree to? That marriage enables us to find …4. The words “in solitude” in the first paragraphare closest in meaning to alone5. Which of the following is NOT true? Unmarriedpeople are less likely to succeed...Do students learn from programmedinstruction? (45)程序化教学1. Of the following, the most appropriate title forthe passage would …How Effective Is …2. According to the passage, experimentalpsychologists typically view …… skepticism3. According to the passage, the great strength ofprogrammed instruct…effic iently by himself4. The author’s main purpose is to point out thatprogrammed…deserves further investigation5. According to the passage, which of thefollowing…? Variability among classroom …The advantages and disadvantages of a largepopulation have long been a subject(47) 计划生育1. A small population may mean higherproductivity, and a higher average income2. According to the passage, a large populationwill provide a chance for… transport system3. In a developed country, people will perhaps goout of work if the birthrate goes down4. According to the passage, slowly risingbirthrate perhaps is good…a developed nation5. It is no easy job to carry out a general planfor birth… different governments have differ …Most people think their time problems areexternal, (48) 时间的管理1. According to the writer, time problems can besolved by self-management2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as theinternally generated…..? Working hard3. It can be concluded from the passage that theabilities..be used in managing both o thers’…4. We can also draw a conclusion that the key tosuccessful time …clever self-management5. The main idea for the passage isthat self-management is one of the best strate…Clothes play a critical part in the concluaionswe reach by providing clues to who peopleare, (49)服装的信息1. According to the passage, the way we dress hasa direct influence on the way people …2. From the third paragraph of the passage, we canconc … help them achieve success in …3. The word “precedents” (Line 1, para. 4)probably refers to early act s for men to …4. According to the passage, many career women findthemselves…they are not sure…5. What is the passage mainly about? Dressing foreffect.Hollywood suggests glamour,a place where theyoung starstruck teenagers could, (50)好莱坞的发历程1. What is the most appropriate title of thepassage?The Glamour of Hollywood: Yesterday andToday.2. According to the passage, what can NOT be saidof the fame and……?They are secured…3. According to the passage, the Hollywood studioscan make a...elaborate packaging4. In early Hollywood, it is NOT true that starswere given full latitude to bring their…5. According to the passage, Hollywood studiosare…most movies are now filmed at places …For most of us,work is the central, (51)工作是生活的中心- 7 -1. In the writer’s opinion, people judge others by the type of work they do2. According to the writer, in the future work will be as important as it is now3. What does the writer think is needed to solve our industrial problems? A more equal d istri…4. What advantages does the writer say managers …? They can make their own dec…5. Working conditions generally remain bad because managers see no need to change…The local theatre has is specil ways of (53)地方剧院与百老汇1. What is the main topic of this passage? The importance of local theatre audiences.2. What are the Broadway audiences interested in? Observing the finer points of theatre.3. What do local theatres NOT do for the theatre industry? Create most of the greatest actors.4. What guarantees ticket sales in local theatre performances?Participation of community...5. According to this passage, after a person watche...he may become more interested in…Britain has always been fortunate having plentiful energy resources. (56)英国的工业化发展1. The British manufacturing industry developed because of _ rich energy resources2. As far as industrialization was concerned, the working people ….there was no alternative3. According to the author, industrialization brought prosperity to Britain4. The successes of industrialization resulted from the exploitation of the working people5. After reading the passage we may say The author sympathized with the workersAfter watching my mother deal with our family offive, (57)非凡的母亲1. The main idea of the passage is about housewives,the wonder women2. The author s attitude toward housewives work isappreciative3. In the author’s opinion, housewives like hismother feel humble because the working malesthought …4. If a housewife went on strike, which one of thefollowing statements is NOT true? The scout troopwould …5. In the author’s opinion, housewives deservea national holiday …When Christian Barnard,a South Africandoctor, (58)器官移植1. Who was Christian Barnard? The first doctor totransplant a human heart into...2. The first heart transplant was controversialbecause some people argue it was immoral.3. Improved medical techniques have resulted inmore people seeking organ t…4. According to the passage, the new moral dilemmais…too few human organs for …5. We’ ve learned from the passage that ____…about 80% of the potential …Little is known about appearance of the home inwhich George Washington was born. (60)乔治华盛顿出生时的家1. The home of George Washington was probably builtof brick2. To the east and northeast of Washington’s homewere views of water3. At one time George Washington’ s father was asheriff4. Washington’ s father felt that the bestschools were in England5. The author implies that Washington’sfather was respected by his neighborsAll the characteristics abilities a personacquires and all developmental (62)学习与成熟1．According to the auther,learning refers tochanges in behavior or…2. Child’s development depends on theinteraction between the two processes3. Which is NOT true according to the passage?Maturation is a process of accumulation …4. In the au thoe’s opinion, leaening plays a veryimportant role in most aspects of a …5. Which of the following does NOT contribute muchto a child’s development? IndependenceWhat was it that made these lattermachines—particularly the F—15,F—16 (63)美国第六代战斗机1. Which of the following is a sixth-generationaircraft? F/A-18.2. Which of the following is NOT ,a factor that hascontributed to the…? Weather.3. Compared with the fifth-generation, thesixth-generation …… high speed4. What does the word” contemporary “probablymeans? Present.5. Which of the following is a proper title for thispassage?The Sixth-generation AircraftAs we know,it is very important that a firm shouldpay attention to the (64)公司的培训规程1. To be successful in our training programmers,we ..._learning about skills…2. The success of a training programme depends on- 8 -。
2008年6月A级真题参考答案及听力录音原文
2008年6月高等学校英语应用能力A级考试真题参考答案及听力录音原文Part I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)(评分标准：1-15题每题1分，共15分)Section A1. A2. B3. C4. C5. DSection BConversation 16. D7. CConversation 28. A 9. A 10. BSection C11. morning 12. 3rd floor 13. elderly people14. 1718 15. cigarettePart II Vocabulary & Structure (15 minutes)(评分标准：16-25每题0.5分，26-35每题1分，共15分)Section A16. C 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. A21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. ASection B26. solution 27. written 28. believe 29. be included 30. boring 31. selling 32. has enjoyed 33. effectively 34. would have bought 35. lostPart III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)（评分标准：36-45每题2分，46-50每空1分，51-55每空0.5分，56-60每题1分，共35分）Task 136. D 37. B 38. D 39. B 40. CTask 241. C 42. B 43. B 44. A 45. DTask 346. Stephen Smith 47. public relations 48. flexibility49. even broader responsibility 50. an interviewTask 451. J, G 52. H,O 53. C, K 54. D, I 55. P, MTask 556. interested parties 57. Beijing Organization Committee58. related service 59. positive 60. commercial activitiesPart IV Translation---English into Chinese (25 minutes)（评分标准：61-64每题2分，65题12分，共20分）61. C---B---A---D 2---1---0.5---062. B---A---D---C 2---1---0.5---063. A---B---D---C 2---1---0.5---064. D---A---C---B 2---1---0.5---065.销售服务包括安装和接到订单一周内的培训。
历年大学英语六级真题及答案(完整版
95-08历年年夜学英语六级真题及谜底(完整版)之阿布丰王创作Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section A1. A) She was given a new job.B) She was given a raise.C) She was criticized for being late.D) She was praised for her hard work.2. A) Whether to employ the woman.B) Whether to take up the new job.C) Whether to ask for a raise.D) Whether to buy a new house.3. A) A teacher.B) A psychologist.C) A librarian.D) A publisher.4. A) To visit more places in the city.B) To take a lot of pictures of the beautiful city.C) To take some pictures of his friends.D) To spare some time to meet his friends.5. A) In town.B) Out of town.C) In the man’s house.D) Outside Ann’s house.6. A) Because she feels very hot in the room.B) Because she wants to avoid meeting people.C) Because she wants to smoke a cigarette outside.D) Because she doesn’t like the smell of smoke inside.7. A) Painters hired by the man and woman.B) Painters hired by Mr. Jones.C) Mr. Jones.D) The man and the woman.8. A) The woman enjoyed the movie very much.B) The woman saw a horror movie.C) The man asked the woman to be careful at night.D) The man went to the show with the woman.9. A) He doesn’t write well enough.B) He is not a professional writer.C) He hasn’t got any profession al experience.D) He didn’t perform well in the interview.10. A) He doesn’t think it necessary to refuel the car.B) He can manage to get the gasoline they need.C) He hopes the woman will help him select a fuel.D) He thinks it is difficult to get fuel for the car. Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Because they can’t afford to.B) Because they think small houses are more comfortable to live in.C) Because big houses are usually built in the countryside.D) Because they prefer apartments.12. A) Because many young people have moved into comfortable apartments.B) Because many old houses in the bad part of the town are not inhabited.C) Because many older people sell their houses after their children leave.D) Because many people have quit their old house to build new ones.13. A) They have to do their own maintenance.B) They have to furnish their own houses.C) They will find it difficult to make the rest of the payment.D) They will find it difficult to dispose of their old-style furniture.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) They are not active hunters.B) They don’t sleep much.C) They are often seen alone.D) They don’t eat much.15. A) To catch the birds.B) To look for shade in the heat of the day.C) To catch other animals.D) To look for a kill made by another animal.16. A) They are larger in size.B) They have to hunt more to feed the young.C) They run faster.D) They are not as lazy as the males.Passage ThreeQuestions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.17. A) Less than 30 minutes.B) From 30 to 45 minutes.C) At least 45 minutes.D) More than 45 minutes.18. A) He should show respect for the interviewer.B) He should show confidence in himself.C) He should talk enthusiastically.D) He should be dressed properly.19. A) Speaking confidently but not aggressively.B) Talking loudly to give a lasting impression.C) Talking a lot about the job.D) Speaking politely and emotionally.20. A) Professional knowledge is a decisive factor in job interview.B) Finding a job is more difficult than one can imagine.C) A job seeker should create a good image during an interview.D) Self-confidence is most important for a job seeker. Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.The process of perceiving other people is rarely translated (to ourselves or others) into cold, objectiveterms. “She was 5 feet 8 inches tall, had fair hair, and wore a colored skirt.” More often, we try to get inside the other person to pinpoint his or her attitudes, emotions, motivations, abilities, ideas and characters. Furthermore, we sometimes behave as if we can accomplish this difficult job very quickly-perhaps with a two-second glance.We try to obtain information about others in many ways. Berger suggests several methods for reducing uncertainties about others: watching, without being noticed, a person interacting with others, particularly with others who are known to you so you can compare the observed person’s behavior with the known others’ behavior; observing a person in a situation where social behavior is relatively unrestrained or where a wide variety of behavioral responses are called for; deliberately structuring the physical or social environment so as to observe the person’s responses to specific stimuli; asking people who have had or have frequent contact with the person about him or her; and using various strategies in face-to-face interaction to uncover information about another person-questions, self-disclosures (自我流露), and so on. Getting to know someone is a never-ending task, largely because people are constantly changing and the methods we use to obtain information are often imprecise. You may have known someone for ten years and still know very little about him. If we accept the idea that we won’t ever fully know another person, it enables us to deal more easily with those things that get in the way of accurate knowledge such as secrets and deceptions. It will also keep us from being too surprised or shocked by seemingly inconsistent behavior. Ironically (讽刺性地) those things that keep us from knowing another person too well (e.g., secrets and deceptions) may be just as important to the development of satisfying relationship as those things that enable us to obtain accurate knowledge about a person (e.g.,disclosure and truthful statements).21. The word “pinpoint” (Para. 1, Line 3) basically means ________.A) appreciateB) obtainC) interpretD) identify22. What do we learn from the first paragraph?A) People are better described in cold, objective terms.B) The difficulty of getting to know a person is usually underestimated.C) One should not judge people by their appearances.D) One is usually subjective when assessing other people’s personality.23. It can be inferred from Berger’s suggestions that ________.A) people do not reveal their true self on every occasionB) in most cases we should avoid contacting the observed person directlyC) the best way to know a person is by making comparisonsD) face-to-face interaction is the best strategy to uncover information about a person24. In developing personal relationships, secrets and deceptions, in the author’s opinion, are ________.A) personal matters that should be seriously dealt withB) barriers that should be done away withC) as significant as disclosures and truthful statementsD) things people should guard against25. The author’s purpose in writing the passage is ________.A) to give advice on appropriate conduct for social occasionsB) to provide ways of how to obtain information about peopleC) to call the reader’s attention to the negative side of people’s charactersD) to discuss the various aspects of getting to knowpeopleQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.The competition among producers of personal computers is essentially a race to get the best, most innovative products to the marketplace. Marketers in this environment frequently have to make a judgement as to their competitors’ role when making marketing strategy decisions. If major competitors are changing their products, then a marketer may want to follow suit to remain competitive. Apple Computer, Inc. has introduced two new, faster personal computers, the Mackintosh II and Mackintosh SE, in anticipation of the introduction of a new PC by IBM, one of Apple’s major competitors.Apple’s new computers are much faster and more powerful than its earlier models. The improved Mackintosh is able to run programs that previously were impossible to run on an Apple PC, including IBM-compatible (兼容的) programs. This compatibility feature illustrates computer manufactures’ new attitude of giving customers the features they want. Making Apple computers capable of running I BM software is Apple’s effort at making the Mackintosh compatible with IBM computers and thus more popular in the office, where Apple hopes to increase sales. Users of the new Apple can also add accessories (附件) to make their machines specialize in specific uses, such as engineering and writing.The new computers represent a big improvement over past models, but they also cost much more. Company officials do not think the higher price will slow down buyers who want to step up to a more powerful computer. Apple wants to stay in the high-price end of the personal computer market to finance research for even faster, more sophisticated computers.Even though Apple and IBM are major competitors, both companies realize that their competitor’s computers have certain features that their own models do not. The Apple line has always been popular for its sophisticated colorgraphics (图形), whereas the IBM machines have always been favored in offices. In the future, there will probably be more compatibility between the two companies’ products, which no doubt will require that both Apple and IBM change marketing strategies.26. According to the passage, Apple Computer, Inc, has introduced the Mackintosh II and the Mackintosh SE because ________.A) IBM is changing its computer models continuouslyB) it wants to make its machines specialize in specific usesC) it wants to stay ahead of IBM in the competitive computer marketD) it expects its major competitor IBM to follow its example27. Apple hopes to increase Mackintosh sales chiefly by ________.A) making its new models capable of running IBM softwareB) improving the color graphics of its new modelsC) copying the marketing strategies of IBMD) giving the customers what they want28. Apple sells its new computer models at a high price because ________.A) they have new features and functionsB) they are more sophisticated than other modelsC) they have new accessories attachedD) it wants to accumulate funds for future research29. It can be inferred from the passage that both Apple and IBM try to gain a competitive advantage by ________.A) copying each other’s technologyB) incorporating features that make their products distinctiveC) making their computer more expensiveD) making their computers run much faster30. The best title for the passage would be ________.A) Apple’s Efforts to Stay Ahead of IBMB) Apple’s New Computer TechnologyC) Apple’s New personal ComputersD) Apple’s Research ActivitiesPassage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.It is a curious paradox that we think of the physical sciences as “hard”, the social sciences as “soft”, and the biological sciences as somewhere in between. This is interpreted to mean that our knowledge of physical systems is more certain than our knowledge of biological systems, and these in turn are more certain than our knowledge of social systems. In terms of our capacity to sample the relevant universes, however, and the probability that our images of these universes are at least approximately correct, one suspects that a reverse order is more reasonable. We are able to sample earth’s social systems with some degree of confidence that we have a reasonable sample of the total universe being investigated. Our knowledge of social systems, therefore, while it is in many ways extremely inaccurate, is not likely to be seriously overturned by new discoveries. Even the folk knowledge in social systems on which ordinary life is based in earning, spending, organizing, marrying, taking part in political activities, fighting and so on, is not very dissimilar from the more sophisticated images of the social system derived from the social sciences, even though it is built upon the very imperfect samples of personal experience.In contrast, our image of the astronomical universe, of even of earth’s geological history, can easily be subject to revolutionary changes as new data comes in and new theories are worked out. If we define the “security” our image of various parts of the total system as the probability of their suffering significant changes, then we would reverse the order of hardness and see the social sciences as the most secure, the physical sciences as the least secure, and again the biological sciences as somewhere in between. Our image of theastronomical universe is the least secure of all simply because we observe such a fantastically small sample of it and its record-keeping is trivial as compared with the rich records of the social systems, or even the limited records of biological systems. Records of the astronomical universe, despite the fact that we see distant things as they were long ago, are limited in the extreme.Even in regard to such a close neighbour as the moon, which we have actually visited, theories about its origin and history are extremely different, contradictory, and hard to choose among. Our knowledge of physical evolution is incomplete and highly insecure.31. The word “paradox” (Para. 1, Line 1) means “________”.A) implicationB) contradictionC) interpretationD) confusion32. According to the author, we should reverse our classification of the physical sciences as “hard” and the social sciences as “soft” because ________.A) a reverse ordering will help promote the development of the physical sciencesB) our knowledge of physical systems is more reliable than that of social systemsC) our understanding of the social systems is approximately correctD) we are better able to investigate social phenomena than physical phenomena33. The author believes that our knowledge of social systems is more secure than that of physical systems because ________.A) it is not based on personal experienceB) new discoveries are less likely to occur in social sciencesC) it is based on a fairly representative quantity ofdataD) the records of social systems are more reliable34. The chances of the physical sciences being subject to great changes are the biggest because ________.A) contradictory theories keep emerging all the timeB) new information is constantly coming inC) the direction of their development is difficult to predictD) our knowledge of the physical world is inaccurate35. We know less about the astronomical universe than we do about any social system because ________.A) theories of its origin and history are variedB) our knowledge of it is highly insecureC) only a very small sample of it has been observedD) few scientists are involved in the study of astronomy Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following.In the early days of nuclear power, the United States made money on it. But today opponents have so complicated its development that no nuclear plants have been ordered or built here in 12 years.The greatest fear of nuclear power opponents has always been a reactor “meltdown”(堆内熔化). Today, the chances of a meltdown that would threaten U.S. public health are very little. But to even further reduce the possibility, engineers are testing new reactors that rely not on human judgement to shut them down but on the laws of nature. Now General Electric is already building two advanced reacto rs in Japan. But don’t expect them ever on U.S. shores unless things change in Washington.The procedure for licensing nuclear power plants is a bad dream. Any time during, or even after, construction, an objection by any group or individual can bring everything to a halt while the matter is investigated or taken to court. Meanwhile, the builder must add nice-but-not-necessary improvements, some of which force him to knock down walls and start over. In every case where a plant has been opposed, the Nuclear Regulation Commission hasultimately granted a license to construct or operate. But the victory often costs so much that the utility ends up abandoning the plant anyway.A case in point is the Shoreham plant on New York’s Long Island. Shoreham was a virtual twin to the Millstone plant in Connecticut, both ordered in the mid-’60s. Millstone, completed for $101 million, has been generating electricity for two decades. Shoreham, however, was singled out by anti-nuclear activists who, by sending in endless protests, drove the cost over $5 billion and delayed its use for many years.Shoreham finally won its operation license. But the plant has never produced a watt of power. Governor Mario Cuomo, an opponent of a Shoreham start-up, used his power to force New Yor k’s public-utilities commission to accept the following settlement; the power company could pass the cost of Shoreham along to its consumers only if it agreed not to operate the plant! Today, a perfectly good facility, capable of servicing hundreds of homes, sits rusting.36. What has made the procedure for licensing nuclear power plants a bad dream?A) The inefficiency of the Nuclear Regulation commission.B) The enormous cost of construction and operation.C) The length of time it takes to make investigations.D) The objection of the opponents of nuclear power.37. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that ________.A) it is not technical difficulties that prevent the building of nuclear power plants in the U.S.B) there are not enough safety measures in the U.S. for running new nuclear power plantsC) there are already more nuclear power plants than necessary in the U.S.D) the American government will not allow Japanese nuclear reactors to be installed in the U.S.38. Any objection, however trivial it may be, can ________.A) force the power companies to cancel the projectB) delay the construction or operation of a nuclear plantC) cause a serious debate within the Nuclear Regulation CommissionD) take the builders to court39. Governor Mario’s chief inten tion in proposing the settlement was to ________.A) stop the Shoreham plant from going into operationB) help the power company to solve its financial problemsC) urge the power company to further increase its power supplyD) permit the Shoreham plant to operate under certain conditions40. The author’s attitude towards the development of nuclear power is ________.A) negativeB) neutralC) positiveD) questioningPart III Vocabulary and Structure (20 minutes)41. They ________ to enter the building by the back door; however, the front door was locked.A) weren’t supposedB) wouldn’t be supposedC) were supposedD) would be supposed42. ________ human behavior may be caused by eating substances that upset the delicate chemical balance in the brain.A) DeliberateB) ConsistentC) PrimitiveD) Abnormal43. The captured criminals were ________ in chains through the streets.A) exhibitedB) displayedC) paradedD) revealed44. In reading stories we anticipate what is to come ________ on our memory of what has gone before.A) basedB) basingC) to baseD) to be based45. The world’s governments have done ________ nothing to combat the threat of nuclear accidents.A) inherentlyB) vitallyC) virtuallyD) identically46. I guess Jones didn’t have a chance to win the election. Almost all of the people in the city voted for his ________.A) candidateB) opponentC) alternativeD) participant47. The background music in an assembly line is designed ________.A) not being listened toB) not to be listened toC) being not listened toD) to be not listened to48. Teaching students of threshold level is hard work but the effort is very ________.A) preciousB) rewardingC) worthD) challenging49. The boy students in this school are nearly ________ as the girl students to say they intend to get a college degree in business.A) as likely twiceB) likely as twiceC) as twice likelyD) twice as likely50. The explorer lost his way so he climbed to the top of the hill to ________ himself.A) spotB) locateC) placeD) situate51. The city has decided to ________ smoking.A) do away withB) take awayC) get away withD) put away52. Perhaps it wouldn’t be ________ to go and see sucha film.A) worthy you whileB) worth of whileC) worthy of whileD) worth your while53. The old building is in a good state of ________ except for the wooden floors.A) observationB) preservationC) conservationD) compensation54. While some office jobs would seem ________ to many people, there are quite a few jobs that are stimulating, exciting and satisfying.A) hostileB) tediousC) fantasticD) courageous55. ________ she wondered if she had made a mistake.A) Not until long afterwards thatB) It was not until long afterwards thatC) Not long until afterwardsD) It was long afterwards until56. The people who objected to the new approach were told that since work had already started there was no point in ________.A) denyingB) upsettingC) protestingD) competing57. The ceremony will ________ as soon as the minister arrives.A) completeB) commenceC) disperseD) descend58. So confused ________ that he didn’t know how to start his lecture.A) since he becameB) would he becomeC) that he becameD) did he become59. Since the couple could not ________ their differences, they decided to get a divorce.A) reconcileB) complyC) coincideD) resign60. After the collision, he examined the considerable ________ to his car.A) ruinB) destructionC) damageD) injury61. Output is now six times ________ it was before 1990.A) thatB) whatC) for whichD) of that62. The heavily populated area was a breeding place for ________ diseases.A) infectiousB) powerfulC) influentialD) suspicious63. It is unfortunate that, owing to lack of money, these experiments must now be ________ before the objective has been achieved.A) transferredB) testifiedC) terminatedD) transformed64. The synthetic vitamins are identical ________ those naturally present in our food.A) forB) ofC) asD) with65. Just as a book is often judged ________ by the quality and appearance of its cover, a person is judged immediately by his appearance.A) previouslyB) uniquelyC) outwardlyD) initially66. Recycling wastes slows down the rate ________ which we use up the Earth’s finite resources.A) InB) ofC) withD) at67. Gasoline is ________ by the spark plugs in the engine.A) ignitedB) inspiredC) excitedD) illuminated68. He ________ another career but, at the time, he didn’t have enough money to attend graduate school.A) might have chosenB) might chooseC) had to chooseD) must have chosen69. Many visitors praised the magnificent architecture of the Palace, ________.A) known to foreigners for the Forbidden CityB) known for foreigners to be the Forbidden CityC) known to foreigners as the Forbidden CityD) know for foreigners as the Forbidden City70. The travelers ________ their journey after a short break.A) recoveredB) resumedC) renewedD) restoredPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Directions: This part consists of a short passage. In this passage, there are altogether 10 mistakes, one in each numbered line. You may have to change a word, add a word or delete a word. Mark out the mistakes and put the corrections in the blanks provided. If you change a word, cross it out and write the correct word in the corresponding blank. If you add a word, put an insertion mark (∧) in the right place and write the missing word in the blank. If you delete a word, cross it and put a slash (/) in the blank.Example:Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱. 1. time/times/periodMany of the arguments having╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______a school subject are valid for ∧ study of television. 3. ______the______We are all naturally attracted to people with ideas, beliefs and interests like our own. Similarly, we feel comfortable with people with physical qualities similar as ours. (71)You may have noticed about how people who live or work (72) closely together come to behave in a similar way. Unconsciously we copy these we are close to or love or admire. So a sportsman’s (73) individual way of walking with raised shoulders is imitated by an admired (74) fan;a pair of lovers both shake their heads in the same way; an employer finds himself duplicating his boss’s habit of wagging (摆动) (75) a pen between his fingers while thinking.In every case, the influential person may consciously notice the (76) imitation but he will feel comfortably in its presence. And if he does (77) notice the matching of his gestures or movements, he finds it pleasing he is influencing people; they are drawn to them. (78)Sensitive people have been mirroring their friend and acquaintances (79) all their lives, and winning affection and respect in this way without aware of their methods. Now, for people who want to win (80) agreement or trust, affection or sympathy, some psychologists recommend the deliberate use of physical imitation.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic My view on the Negative Effects of Some Advertisements. You should write at least 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline (given in Chinese) below:1. 现在有些不良的商业广告2. 这些广告的副作用和危害性3. 我对这些广告的态度1995年1月六级参考谜底Part I1. C2. B3. C4. D5. A6. D7. D8. B9. C 10. B11. A 12. C 13. A 14. A 15. D16. B 17. B 18. D 19. A 20. CPart II21. D 22. B 23. B 24. C 25. D26. C 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. A31. B 32. D 33. B 34. B 35. C36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. BPart III41. A 42. D 43. C 44. A 45. C46. B 47. C 48. B 49. D 50. B51. A 52. D 53. B 54. B 55. C56. C 57. B 58. D 59. A 60. C61. B 62. A 63. C 64. D 65. C66. D 67. A 68. A 69. C 70. B71. as → to72. about → /73. these → those74. admired → admiring75. employer → employee76. consciously → unconsciously77. comfortably → comfortable78. them → him79. friend → friends80. (without) → (without) being1995年1月六级听力原文Section A1. W: You wanted to see me, Mr. Wright?M: Yes, Miss Gray. You’ll have to start getting to work on time, or your service will no longer be needed here. Q: What happened to Miss Gray?2. M: You know, I’m just not too sure if the new salary will be high enough or even the new position is really what I want. Besides, I like the work that I am doing now.W: It sounds as though you’ve already m ade up your mind about what you are going to do.Q: What is the man thinking about?3. W: I’m looking for textbook for my Psychology course. It’s called “Introduction to Educational Psychology”. Do you have it?M: Yes, we do. You’ll find it in Section 24 o n the top shelf.Q: What’s the man’s occupation?4. W: Oh, this is a beautiful city. I’m really glad I’ve brought my camera.M: Yes, there are lots of things to take pictures of here. But I hope you will not plan to spend all your time taking pictures. I have some friends who would like to meet you.Q: What does the man want the woman to do?5. M: Why are you so sure that Anne didn’t commit the crime?W: She couldn’t have committed that crime because I was with her. And we were out of town on that day.Q: Where was the crime most probably committed?6. M: Isn’t it rather cold outside, Sally?W: It is a bit, but I can’t stand the terrible smoke inside. I’d rather stay here if you don’t mind.Q: Why does the woman want to stay outside?7. W: We’ve lived here i n Thornton for 5 years now andI think its time to have the house painted.M: You’re right. Mr. Johns, our neighbor, just had his house painted. But we cannot afford to do it only if paint it ourselves.Q: Who is going to paint it ourselves.8. W: I still can’t get over the show last Saturday evening. I keep having frightening dreams all night.M: So, next time before you walk into a theatre, make sure what you are going to see.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?9. W: How was the job interview? I think you’ll make a good journalist. I remember you as the best writer of the class.M: Well, in fact, my application was turned down. They。
2008年6月大学英语六级考试A卷（真题+答案）7
Passage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In the college-admissions wars, we parents are the true fights. We are pushing our kids to get good grades, take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice. I’ve twice been to the wars, and as I survey the battlefield, something different is happening. We see our kids’ college background as e prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them. But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession(痴迷) is more about us than them. So we’ve contrived various justifications that turn out to be half-truths, prejudices or myths. It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford.We have a full-blown prestige panic; we worry that there won’t be enough prizes to go around. Fearful parents urge their children to apply to more schools than ever. Underlying the hysteria(歇斯底⾥) is the belief that scarce elite degrees must be highly valuable. Their graduates must enjoy more success because they get a better education and develop better contacts. All that is plausible——and mostly wrong. We haven’t found any convincing evidence that selectivity or prestige matters. Selective schools don’t systematically employ better instructional approaches than less selective schools. On two measures ——professors’ feedback and the number of essay exams——selective schools do slightly worse.By some studies, selective schools do enhance their graduates’ lifetime earnings. The gain is reckoned at 2-4% for every 100-poinnt increase in a school’s average SAT scores. But even this advantage is probably a statistical fluke(偶然). A well-known study examined students who got into highly selective schools and then went elsewhere. They earned just as much as graduates from higher-status schools.Kids count more than their colleges.Getting into yale may signify intellgence,talent andAmbition. But it’s not the only indicator and,paradoxically,its significance is declining.The reason:so many similar people go elsewhere.Getting into college is not life only competiton.Old-boy networks are breaking down.princeton economist Alan Krueger studied admissions to one top Ph.D.program.High scores on the GRE helpd explain who got in;degrees of prestigious universities didn’t.So,parents,lighten up.the stakes have been vastly exaggerated.up to a point,we can rationalize our pushiness.America is a competitive society;our kids need to adjust to that.but too much pushiness can be destructive.the very ambition we impose on our children may get some into Harvard but may also set them up for disappointment.one study found that,other things being equal,graduates of highly selective schools experienced more job dissatisfaction.They may have been so conditioned to deing on top that anything less disappoints.注意此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
大学英语六级(语法与词汇)练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析)
大学英语六级（语法与词汇）练习试卷10(题后含答案及解析)题型有：7. V ocabulary and GrammarV ocabulary and GrammarDirections: There are some incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence.1．To prevent flooding in winter the water flowing from the dam is constantly ________ by a com- puter.A．gradedB．managedC．conductedD．monitored正确答案：D解析：近义动词辨析。
A. grade分等级；B．manage经营，管理；C. conduct管理，指挥；D．monitor监控，检测。
根据句意应选D。
句意为：为防止冬季发生水灾，计算机持续地对大坝的水流量进行监控。
知识模块：语法与词汇2．The Olympic Games were telecast ______ all over the world.A．incidentallyB．separatelyC．simultaneouslyD．especially正确答案：C解析：A. incidentally顺便提一句，附带地；B．separately分开地，单个地；C．simultaneously同时地；D．especially尤其地。
根据句意和逻辑应选C。
句意为：奥运会在世界各地同时进行电视转播。
知识模块：语法与词汇3．With its entry into World War Ⅱ, the United States rejected the______ of isolationism.A．domainB．doomC．dominationD．doctrine正确答案：D解析：题意是：随着其加入第二次世界大战，美国抛弃了孤立主义的______。
2008年12月英语六级真题及答案
2008年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷PartⅠWriting(30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上。
Directions:Directions:For this part,you are allowed30minutes to write a short essay entitled How To Improve Student's Mental Health?.You should write at least150wordsfollowing the outline given below.1.大学生的心理健康十分重要2.因此，学校可以……3.我们自己应当……How To Improve Student's Mental Health?Part II Reading Comprehension(Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes) Directions:In this part,you will have15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet1.For questions1-7,choose the best answer from the fourchoices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].For questions8-10,complete the sentences withthe information given in the passage.Directions:In this part,you will have15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet1.For questions1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].For questions8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Supersize SurpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it’s al down to eating too much and burning too few calories.That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it.Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it.Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成)such dramatic rises in obesity over the past40years or so.Nobody is saying that the“big two”–reduced physical activity and increased availability of food–are not important contributors to the epidemic,but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by20obesity experts set out the7most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic.Here they are.1.Not enough sleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the brain,not the body.Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link.People who sleep less than7hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more,according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.Similarly,the US Nurses’Health Study,which tracked68,000women for16years,found that those who slept an average of5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept6hours,who in turn gained more than whose who slept7.It’s well known that obesity impairs sleep,so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards.But the nurses’study suggests that it can work in the other direction too:sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult,it appears that we really are sleeping less.In1960people in the US slept an average of8.5hours per night.A2002poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under7hours,and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2.Climate controlWe humans,like all warm-blooded animals,can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what’s going on in the world around us.We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代谢的)rate,shivering or sweating.Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the“thermo-neutral zone”,which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度)have changed in the past few decades.Between1970and2000,the average British home warmed from a chilly13C to18C.In the US,the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from23%to47%between1978and1997.In the southern states–where obesity rates tend to be highest–the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to71% from37%in1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?Sadly，there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating.Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3.Less smokingBad news:smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us,and quitting really does pack on the pounds,though no one is sure why.It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland,have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness.From data collected around1991by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,they worked out that people who had quit in theprevious decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked.Among men,for example,nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with37%of non-smokers and only28%of smokers.4.Genetic effectsYours chances of becoming fat may be set,at least in part,before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life.Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet.Intriguingly,the effect persists for two or three generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5.A little older…Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others.Surveys carried out by the US national center for health statistics found that adults aged40to79were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people.Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are30%more likely than white women to be obsess,and black women have twice the risk.In the US,these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population.Between1970 and2000the US population aged35to44grew by43%.the proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew,from under5%to12.5%of the population,while the proportion of black Americans increased from11%to12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6.Mature mumsMothers around the world are getting older.in the UK,the mean age for having a first child is 27.3,compared with23.7in1970.mean age at first birth in the US has also increased,rising from 21.4in1970to24.9in2000.This would be neither here nor there if it weren’t for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity.Results from the US national heart,lung and blood institute’s study found that the odds of a child being obese increase14%for every five extra years of their mother’s age,though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham,UK,found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones.As family size decreases,firstborns account for a greater share of the population.In1964,British women gave birth to an average of2.95children;by2005that figure had fallen to1.79.In the US in1976,9.6%of woman in their40s had only one child;in2004it was 17.4%.this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7.Like marrying likeJust as people pair off according to looks,so they do for size.Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat.On its own,like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity.But combined with others—particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children—it amplifies the increase form other causes.1.What is the passage mainly about?A)Effects of obesity on people’s healthB)The link between lifestyle and obesityC)New explanations for the obesity epidemicD)Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic2.In the US Nurse’Health Study,women who slept an average of7hours a night_______.A)gained the least weightB)were inclined to eat lessC)found their vigor enhancedD)were less susceptible to illness3.The popular belief about obesity is that___________.A)it makes us sleepyB)it causes sleep lossC)it increases our appetiteD)it results from lack of sleep4.How does indoor heating affect our life?A)it makes us stay indoors moreB)it accelerates our metabolic rateC)it makes us feel more energeticD)it contributes to our weight gain5.What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers?A)it threatens their healthB)it heightens their spiritsC)it suppresses their appetiteD)it slows down their metabolism6.Who are most likely to be overweight according to Katherine Fergal’s study?A)heavy smokersB)passive smokersC)those who never smokeD)those who quit smoking7.According to the US National Center for Health Statistics,the increased obesity in the US is a result of_______.A)the growing number of smokers among young peopleB)the rising proportion of minorities in its populationC)the increasing consumption of high-calorie foodsD)the improving living standards of the poor people8.According to the US National Heart,Lung and Blood Institute,the reason why older mothers’children tend to be obese remains__________.9.According to Michael Symonds,one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of ___________.10.When two heavy people get married,chances of their children getting fat increase,because obesity is_____________.Part III Listening Comprehension(35minutes)Section ADirections:In this section,you will hear8short conversations and2long conversations.At the end of each conversation,one or more questions will be asked about what was said.Boththe conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After each question therewill be a pause.During the pause,you must read the four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D],and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter onAnswer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.11.A)He is quite easy to recognizeB)He is an outstanding speakerC)He looks like a movie starD)He looks young for his age12.A)consult her dancing teacherB)take a more interesting classC)continue her dancing classD)improve her dancing skills13.A)the man did not believe what the woman saidB)the man accompanied the woman to the hospitalC)the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injuryD)the woman may not followed the doctor’s instructions14.A)they are not in style any moreB)they have cost him far too muchC)they no longer suit his eyesightD)they should be cleaned regularly15.A)he spilled his drink onto the floorB)he has just finished wiping the floorC)he was caught in a shower on his way homeD)he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone16.A)fixing some furnitureB)repairing the toy trainC)reading the instructionsD)assembling the bookcase17.A)urge Jenny to spend more time on studyB)help Jenny to prepare for the coming examsC)act towards Jenny in a more sensible wayD)send Jenny to a volleyball training center18.A)The building of the dam needs a large budgetB)The proposed site is near the residential areaC)The local people feel insecure about the damD)The dam poses a threat to the local environmentQuestions19to21are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A.It saw the end of its booming years worldwideB.Its production and sales reached record levels.C.It became popular in some foreign countriesD.Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.20.A.They cost less. C.They were in fashion.B.They tasted better. D.They were widely advertised.21.A.It is sure to fluctuate. C.It will remain basically stable.B.It is bound to revive. D.It will see no more monopolyQuestions22to25are based on the conversation you have just heard.anising protests C.Acting as its spokesman.B.Recruiting members D.Saving endangered animals.23.A.Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B.Anti-nuclear campaignsC.Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floorD.Removing industrial waste.24.A.By harassing them. C.By taking legal action.B.By appealing to the public D.By resorting to force.25.A.Doubtful C.Indifferent.B.Reserved D.SupportiveSection BDirections:In this section,you will hear3short passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear some questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions26to28are based on the passage you have just heard.26.A.The air becomes still. C.The clouds block the sun.B.The air pressure is low. D.The sky appears brighter.27.A.Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather.B.Sailors’saying about the weather are unreliable.C.People knew long ago how to predict the weather.D.It was easier to forecast the weather in the old days.28.A.Weather forecast is getting more accurate today.B.People can predict the weather by their sensesC.Who are the real experts in weather forecast.D.Weather changes affect people’s life remarkablyPassage TwoQuestions29to31are based on the passage you have just heard.29.A.They often feel insecure about their jobs.B.They are unable to decide what to do first.C.They feel burdened with numerous tasks every day.D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day30.A.Analyze them rationally. C.Turn to others for help.B.Draw a detailed to-do list. D.Handle them one by one.31.A.They have accomplished little. C.They have worked out a way to relax.B.They feel utterly exhausted. D.They no longer feel any sense of guilt.Passage ThreeQuestions32to35are based on the passage you have just heard.32.A.Their performance may improve.B.Their immune system may be reinforcedC.Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden.D.Their physical development may be enhanced.33.A.Improved mental functioning C.Speeding up of blood circulationB.Increased susceptibility to disease D.Reduction of stress-related hormones34.A.Pretend to be in better shape. C.Turn more often to friends for helpB.Have more physical exercise. D.Pay more attention to bodily sensations.35.A.Different approaches to coping with stress.B.Various causes for serious health problems.C.The relationship between stress and illness.D.New finding of medical research on stress.Section CDirections:In this section,you will hear a passage three times.When the passage is read for the first time,you should listen carefully for its general idea.When the passage is read for the second time,you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from36to43with the exact words you have just heard.For blanks numbered from44to46you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks,you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words.Finally,when the passage is read for the third time,you should check what you have written.One of the most common images of an advanced,Western-style culture is that of a busy, traffic-filled city.Since their first(36)on American roadways,automobiles have become a(37)of progress,a source of thousands of jobs and an almost inalienable right for citizens’personal freedom of movement.In recent(38)our“love affair”with the car is being(39)directly to the developing world,and it is increasingly (40)______that this transfer is leading to disaster.American’s almost complete dependence on automobiles has been a terrible mistake.As late as the1950s,a large(41)of the American public used mass transit.A(42)of public policy decisions and corporate scheming saw to it that countless(43)and efficient urban streetcar and intra-city rail systems were dismantled.(44)___________________________________________________.Our lives have been planned along a road grid—homes far from work,shopping far from everything,with ugly stretches of concrete and blacktop in between.Developing countries are copying Western-style transportation systems down to the last detail.(45)Pollution control measures are either not strict or nonexistent,leading to choking clouds of smog.Gasoline still contains lead,which is extremely poisonous to humans.(46) ___________________________________________________________________.In addition to pollution and traffic jams,auto safety is a critical issue in developing nations. Part IV Reading Comprehension(Reading in Depth)(25minutes) Section ADirections:In this section,there is a short passage with5questions or incomplete statements.Read the passage carefully.Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.Please write your answers on Answer sheet2.Questions47to51are based on the following passage.One of the major producers of athletic footwear,with2002sales of over$10billion,is a company called Nike,with corporate headquarters in Beaverton,Oregon.Forbes magazine identified Nike’s president,Philip Knight,as the53rd-richestman in the world in2004.But Nike has not always been a large multimillion-dollar organization.In fact,Knight started the company byselling shoes from the back of his car at track meets.In the late1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance runner on the University of Oregon track team,coached by Bill Bowerman.One of the top track coaches in the U.S.,Bowerman was also known for experimenting with the design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter and more shock-absorbent.After attending Oregon,Knight moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University;his MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes.Once he received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Onitsuka Tiger Company,a manufacturer of athletic shoes. Knight convinced the company’s officials of the potential for its product in the U.S.In1963he received his first shipment of Tiger shoes,200pairs in total.In1964,Knight and Bowerman contributed$500each to from Blue Ribbon Sports,the predecessor of Nike.In the first few years,Knight distributed shoes out of his car at local track meets.The first employees hired by Knight were former college athletes.The company did not have the money to hire“experts”,and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field.In its early years the organization operated in an unconventional manner that characterized its innovative and entrepreneurial approach to the munication was informal;people discussed ideas and issues in the hallways,on a run,or over a beer.There was little task differentiation.There were no job descriptions,rigid reporting systems,or detailed rules and regulations.The team spirit and shared values of the athletes on Bowerman’s teams carried over and provided the basis for the collegial style of management that characterized the early years of Nikes.47.While serving as a track coach,Bowerman tried to design running shoes that were _____________________.48.During his visit to Japan,Knight convinced the officials of the Onitsuka Tiger Company that its product would have____________________________________.49.Blue Ribbon Sports as unable to hire experts due to the absence of____________________in North America.50.In the early years of Nike,communication within the company was usually carried out____________.51.What qualities of Bowerman’s teams formed the basis of Nike’s early management style?_______________________________________________________________.Section BDirections:There are2passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D].You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions52to56are based on the following passage.Sustainable development is applied to just about everything from energy to clean water and economic growth,and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use.This is especially true in agriculture,where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of historical and cultural perspectives.To start with,it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedlythroughout history,and will continue to do so.medieval agriculture in northern Europe fed,clothed and sheltered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today.It had minimal effect on biodiversity,and any pollution it caused was typically localized.In terms of energy use and the nutrients（营养成分）captured in the product it was relatively inefficient.Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial petition from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields.Throughout this period food became cheaper, safe and more reliable.However,these changes have also led to habitat（栖息地）loss and to diminishing biodiversity.What’s more,demand for animal products in developing countries is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra300million tons of grain a year by2050.yet the growth of cities and industry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions.All this means that agriculture in the21stcentury will have to be very different from how it was in the20th.thiswill require radical thinking.For example,we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones.We also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be“zero impact”.The key will be to abandon the rather simple and static measures of sustainability,which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage.Instead we need a more dynamic interpretation,one that looks at the pros and cons（正反两方面）of all the various way land is used.There are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield:energy use,environmental costs,water purity,carbon footprint and biodiversity.It is clear,for example,that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from Spain to the UK is less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting.But we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.52.How do people often measure progress in agriculture?A)By its productivity C)By its impact on the environmentB)By its sustainability D)By its contribution to economic growth53.Specialisation and the effort to increase yields have resulted in________.A)Localised pollution C)competition from overseasB)the shrinking of farmland D)the decrease of biodiversity54.What does the author think of traditional farming practices?A)They have remained the same over the centuriesB)They have not kept pace with population growthC)They are not necessarily sustainableD)They are environmentally friendly55.What will agriculture be like in the21st centuryA)It will go through radical changesB)It will supply more animal productsC)It will abandon traditional farming practicesD)It will cause zero damage to the environment56What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A)To remind people of the need of sustainable developmentB)To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food productionC)To advance new criteria for measuring farming progressD)To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture isPassage TwoQuestions57to61are based on the following passage.The percentage of immigrants(including those unlawfully present)in the United states has been creeping upward for years.At12.6percent,it is now higher than at any point since the mid1920s.We are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluting America’s bloodstream.But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort newcomers.Their loudest critics argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot,and indeed do not want to,fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong.In time,Italians,Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly,in ways too numerous to detail,to the building of this magnificent nation.There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better,in terms of educational and professional attainment,than their parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continue.Indeed,the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson,of the University of Michigan,has found a similar trend among black Caribbean immigrants,Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that large parts of the community may become mired（陷入）in a seemingly permanent state of poverty and Underachievement.Like African-Americans,Mexican-Americans are increasingly relegated to(降入)segregated,substandard schools,and their dropout rate is the highest for any ethnic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority.But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all.I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways;those things happen pretty much on their own,but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail,we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation,about how to ensure that people,once outsiders,don’t forever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers,or how best to secure the border,and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations.It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the latest ware of would-be Americans.And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.57.How were immigrants viewed by U.S.Congress in early days?A)They were of inferior races.B)They were a Source of political corruption.C)They were a threat to the nation’s security.D)They were part of the nation’s bloodstream.58.What does the author think of the new immigrants?A)They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B)They can do just as well as their predecessors.C)They will be very disappointed on the new land.D)They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.59.What does Edward Telles’research say about Mexican-Americans?A)They may slowly improve from generation to generation.B)They will do better in terms of educational attainment.C)They will melt into the African-American community.D)They may forever remain poor and underachieving.60.What should be done to help the new immigrants?A)Rid them of their inferiority complex.B)Urge them to adopt American customs.C)Prevent them from being marginalized.D)Teach them standard American English.61.According to the author,the burning issue concerning immigration is_______.A)How to deal with people entering the U.S.without documentsB)How to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC)How to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the borderD)How to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.Part V Cloze（15minutes）Directions:There are20blanks in the following passage.For each blank there are four choices marked[A],[B],[C]and[D]on the right side of the paper.You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2with a single line through the centre.Individuals and businesses have legal protection for intellectual property they create and own.Intellectual proper__62__from creative thinking and may include products,__63__, processes,and ideas.Intellectual property is protected__64__misappropriation(盗用).Misappropriation is taking the Intellectual property of others with our__65__compensation and using it for monetary gain.Legal protection is provided for the __66__of intellectual property.The three common types of legal protection are patents, copyrights,and trademarks.Patents provide exclusive use of inventions. If the US patent office__67__a patent,it is confirming that the intellectual property is __68__.The patent prevents others from62.[A]retrieves[B]deviates[C]results[D]departs63.[A]services[B]reserves[C]assumptions[D]motions64.[A]for[B]with[C]by[D]from65.[A]sound[B]partial[C]due[D]random66.[A]users[B]owners[C]masters[D]executives67.[A]affords[B]affiliates[C]funds[D]grants68.[A]solemn[B]sober[C]unique[D]universal69.[A]perspective[B]permission[C]conformity[D]consensus70.[A]except[B]besides。
cet6-2008年12月真题和答案
2008年12月英语六级试题Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and scanning) (15 minutes)Supersize surpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it’s al down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it/ yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate(促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two” – reduced physical activity and increased availability of food – are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1. Not enough sleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses’ Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than whose who slept 7.It’s well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses’ study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundationsuggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate controlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what’s going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic(新陈代新的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone”, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.There is no denying that ambient temperatures(环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13C to 18C. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditionings rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states – where obesity rates tend to be highest – the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight?Sadly，there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3.Less smokingBad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us,and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one isn sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagres at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville,Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been respousible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness.From data collected aroud 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey,they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked .Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28%of smokers.4. Genetic effectsY ours chances of becoming fat may be set,at least in part,before you were even born.children of boese mothers are much more likely to become obest themselves later in life.Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly,the effect persists for two or three generations.Grand-children of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so you fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5.A little older…Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others.surveys carried out by the US national center for health statisties found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people.non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectreum:Mexican-american women are 30% more likely than white women to be obsess,and black women have twice the risk.In the US,these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population.between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%.the proportion of Hispanic-americans also grew,from under 5% to 12.5% of the population,while the proportion of black Americansincreased from 11% to 12.3%.these changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6.mature mumsMothers around the world are getting older.in the UK,the mean age for aving a frist child is 27.3,compared with 23.7 in 1970 .mean age at frist birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.This would be neither here nor there if it were’t for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US national heart,lung and blood institute’s study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every five extra years of their mother’s age , though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the university of Nottingham,UK,found that first-bron children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstbrons account for a greather share of the population. In 1964, british women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children;by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. in the US in 1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one chile;in2004 it was 17.4%. this combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7.Like marrying likeJust as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean an d fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with others- particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children-it amplifies the increase form other causes.1. A)effects of obesity on people’s healthB)the link between lifestyle an obesityC)New explanations for the obesity epidemicD)possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic2. A)gained the least weightB)were inclined to eat lessC)found their vigor enhancedD)were less susceptible to illness3. A)it makes us sleepyB)it causes sleep lossC)it increases our appetiteD)it results from lack of sleep4. A)it makes us stay indoors moreB)it accelerates our metabolic rateC)it makes us feel more energeticD)it contributes to our weight gain5. A)it threatens their healthB)it heightens their spiritsC)it suppresses their appetiteD)it slows down their metabolism6. A)heavy smokersB)passive smokersC)those who never smokeD)those who quit smoking7. A)the growing number of smokers among young peopleB)the rising proportion of minorities in its populationC)the increasing consumption of high-calorie foodsD)the improving living standards of the poor people8.according to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers’ children tend to be obese remains not entirely clear9.According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of family size10 when two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is party genetizPart IIISection A11. A)He is quite easy to recognizeB)he is an outstanding speakerC)he looks like a movie starD)he looks young for his age12. A)consult her dancing teacherB)take a more interesting classC)continue her dancing classD)improve her dancing skills13. A)the man did not believe what the woman saidB)the man accompanied the woman to the hospitalC)the woman may be suffering from repetitive strain injuryD)the woman may not followed the doctor’s instructions14. A)they are not in style any moreB)they have cost him far too muchC)they no longer suit his eyesightD)they should be cleaned regularly15. A)he spilled his drink onto the floorB)he has just finished wiping the floorC)he was caught in a shower on his way homeD)he rushed out of the bath to answer the phone16. A)fixing some furnitureB)repairing the toy trainC)reading the instructionsD)assembling the bookcase17. A)urge Jenny to spend more time on studyB)help Jenny to prepare for the coming examsC)act towards Jenny in a more sensible wayD)send Jenny to a volleyball training center18. A)The building of the dam needs a large budgetB)the proposed site is near the residential areaC)the local people fel insecure about the damD)the dam poses a threat to the local environmentQuestion19 to21 are based on the conversation you have just heard19 A. It saw the end of its booming years worldwideB. Its production and sales reached record levels.C. It became popular in some foreign countriesD. Its domestic market started to shrink rapidly.20. A. They cost less. C. They were in fashion.B. They tasted better. D. They were widely advertised.21. A. It is sure to fluctuate . C. It will remain basically stable.B. It is bound to revive. D. It will see no more monopoly22. A. Organising protests C. Acting as its spokesman.B. Recruiting members D. Saving endangered animals.23. A. Anti-animal-abuse demonstrations B. Anti-nuclear campaignsC. Surveying the Atlantic Ocean floorD. Removing industrial waste.24. A. By harassing them. C. By taking legal action.B. By appealing to the public D. By resorting to force.25. A. Doubtful C. Indifferent .B. Reserved D. Supportive26. A, The air becomes still. C. The clouds block the sun.B. The air pressure is low. D. The sky appears brighter.27. A. Ancient people were better at foretelling the weather.B. Sailors’saying about the weather are unreliable.C. People knew long ago how to predict the weather.D. It was easiter to forecast the weather in the old days.28 A. Weather forecast is getting more accurate today.B. People can predict the weather by their sensesC. Who are the real esperts in weather forecast .D. Weather changes affect people’s life remarkably29. A. They often feel insecure about their jobs.B. They are unable to decide what to do first .C. They are feel burdened with numerous tasks every day.D they feel burdened with numerous tasks every day30 A. Analyze them rationally. C. Turn to others for help.B. Draw a detailed to-do list . D. Handle them one by one .31. A. They have accomplished little .B. They feel utterly exhausted .C. They have worked out a way to relax.D. They no longer feel any sense of guilt.32. A. Their performance may improve.B. Their immune system may be reinforcedC. Their blood pressure may rise all of a sudden.D. Their physical development may be enhanced.33. A. Improved mental functioningB. Increased susceptibility to diseaseC. Speeding up of blood circulationD. Reduction of stress-related hormones34. A. Pretend to be in better shape.B. Have more physical exercise .C. Turn more often to friends for helpD. Pay more attention to bodily sensations.35. A. Different approaches to coping with stress.B. Various causes for serious health problems.C. The relationship between stress and illness.D. New finding of medical research on stress.Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)Section AQuestions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.One of the major producers of athletic footwear, with 2002 sales of over $10 billion, is a company called Nike, with corporate headquarters in Beaverton, Oregon. Forbes magazine identified Nike’s president, Philip Knight, as the 53rd-richest man in the world in 2004. But Nike has not always been a large multimillion-dollar organization. In fact, Knight started the company by selling shoes from the back of his car at track meets.In the late 1950s Philip Knight was a middle-distance runner on the University of Oregon track team, coached by Bill Bowerman. One of the top track coaches in the U.S., Bowerman was also known for experimenting with the design of running shoes in an attempt to make them lighter and more shock-absorbent. After attending Oregon, Knight moved on to do graduate work at Stanford University; his MBA thesis was on marketing athletic shoes. Once he received his degree, Knight traveled to Japan to contact the Onitsuka Tiger Company, a manufacturer of athletic shoes. Knight convinced the company’s officials of the potential for its product in the U.S. In 1963 he received his first shipment of Tiger shoes, 200 pairs in total.In 1964, Knight and Bowerman contributed $500 each to from Blue Ribbon Sports, the predecessor of Nike. In the first few years, Knight distributed shoes out of his car at local track meets. The first employees hired by Knight were former college athletes. The company did not have the money to hire “experts”, and there was no established athletic footwear industry in North America from which to recruit those knowledgeable in the field. In its early years the organization operated in an unconventional manner that characterized its innovative and entrepreneurial approach to the industry. Communication was informal; people discussed ideas and issues in the hallways, on a run, or over a beer. There was little task differentiation. There were no job descriptions, rigid reporting systems, or detailed rules and regulations. The team spirit and shared values of the athletes on Bowerman’s teams carried over and provided the basis for the collegial style of management that characterized the early years of Nikes.47. While serving as a track coach, Bowerman tried to design running shoes that were lighter and more shock-absorbent.48. During his visit to Japan, Knight convinced the officials of the Onitsuka Tiger Company thatits product would have potentials in the U.S.49. Blue Ribbon Sports as unable to hire experts due to the absence of established athleticfootwear in North America.50. In the early years of Nike, communication within the company was usually carried outinformally.51. What qualities of Bowerman’s teams formed the basis of Nike’s early management style?The team spirit and shared valves of the athlets.Passage onequestions 52 to 56 are based on the following passagesustainable development is applied to just about eberything from energy to clean water and economic growth,and as a result it has become difficult to question either the basic assumptions behind it or the way the concept is put to use.this is especially true in agriculture,where sustainable development is often taken as the sole measure of progress without a proper appreciation of histrorcal and cultural perspectives.To start with,it is important to remember that the nature of agriculture has changed markedly throughout history,and will continue to do so .medieval agriculture in northern Europefed,clothed and shelered a predominantly rural society with a much lower population density than it is today.it had minimal effect on biodiversity,and any pollution it c aused was typically localized.in termsof energy use and the nutrients captured in the product it was relatively inefficient.Contrast this with farming since the start of the industrial petion from overseas led farmers to specialize and increase yields.throughout this period food became cheaper,safe and more reliable.however,these changes have alsoled to habitat loss and to diminishing biodiversity.What’smore,demand for animal products in developing countrics is growing so fast that meeting it will require an extra 300 million tons of grain a year by 2050.yet the growth of cities and in dustry is reducing the amount of water available for agriculture in many regions.All this means that agriculture in the 21st century will have to be very different from how it was in the 20th.this will require radical thinking.for example,we need to move away from the idea that traditional practices are inevitably more sustainable than new ones.we also need to abandon the notion that agriculture can be “zero impact”. The key will be to abandon the rather simpleand static measures of sustainability,which centre on the need to maintain production without increasing damage.instead we need a more dynamic interpretation,one that looks at the pros and cons of all the various way land is used.there are many different ways to measure agricultural performance besides food yield:energy use, environmental costs,water purity,carbon footprint and biodiversity. It is clear, for example,that the carbon of transporting tomatoes from spain to the UKIs less than that of producing them in the UK with additional heating and lighting.but we do not know whether lower carbon footprints will always be better for biodiversity.What is crucial is recognizing that sustainable agriculture is not just about sustainable food production.52. How do people ofen measure progress in agriculture?A) By its productivity C) By its impact on the environmetB) By its sustainability D) By its contribution to economic growth53. Specialisation and the effort to incease yields have esulted in________.A) Localised pollution C) competition from overseasB) the shrinking of farmland D) the decrease of biodiversity54.What does the author think of traditional farming practices?A)They have remained the same over the centuriesB)They have not kept pace with population growthC)They are not necessarily sustainableD)They are environmentally friendly55.What will agriculture be like in the 21st centuryA) It will go through radical changesB) It will supply more animal productsC) It will abandon traditional farming practicesD) It will cause zero damage to the environment56 What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?A) To remind people of the need of sustainable developmentB) To suggest ways of ensuring sustainable food productionC) To adance new criteria for measuring farming progressD) To urge people to rethink what sustainable agriculture isPassage TwoQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passageThe percentage of immigrants(including those unlawfully present) in the United states has been creeping upward for years. At 12.6 percent, it is now higher than at any point ince the mid1920sWe are not about to go back to the days when Congress openly worried about inferior races polluing America’s bloodstream. But once again we are wondering whether we have too many of the wrong sort fo necomers.Their loudest citecs argue that the new wave of immigrants cannot,and indeed do not want to, fit in as previous generations did.We now know that these racist views were wrong.In time, Italians, Romanians and members of other so-called inferior races became exemplary Americans and contributed greatly, in ways too numerous to detail , to the building of this magnificent nation. There is no reason why these new immigrants should not have the same success.Although children of Mexican immigrants do better, in terms of educational and professional attainment, than thir parents UCLA sociologist Edward Telles has found that the gains don’t continme. Indeed, the fouth generation is marginally worse off than the third James Jackson,of the University of Michigan,has foud a simila rend among black Caribbean immigrants,Tells fears that Mexican-Americans may be fated to follow in the footsteps of American blacks-that largeparts of the community may become mired in a seemingly state of poverty and Underachievement . Like African-Americans, Mexican-americans are increasingly relegated to(降入)segregated, substandyrd schools, and their dropout rate is the highest for any 儿童会nic group in the country.We have learned much about the foolish idea of excluding people on the presumption of the ethnic/racial inferiority. But what we have not yet learned is how to make the process of Americanization work for all. I am not talking about requiring people to learn English or to adopt American ways; those things happen pretty much on their own, but as arguments about immigration hear up the campaign trail, we also ought to ask some broader question about assimilation, about ho wto ensure that people , once outsiders , don’t fovever remain marginalized within these shores.That is a much larger question than what should happen with undocumented workers, or how best to secure the border, and it is one that affects not only newcomers but groups that have been here for generations. It will have more impact on our future than where we decide to set the admissions bar for the lasest ware of would-be Americans. And it would be nice if we finally got the answer right.57.How were immigrants viewed by U.S. Congress in early days?A)They were of inferior races.B)They were a Source of political corruption.C)They were a threat to the nation’s security.D)They were part of the nation’s bloodstre am.58.What does the author think of the new immigrants?A)They will be a dynamic work force in the U.S.B)They can do just as well as their predecessors.C)They will be very disappointed on the new land.D)They may find it hard to fit into the mainstream.59.What does Edward Telles’ research say about Mexican-Americans?A)They may slowlu improve from generation to generation.B)They will do better in terms of deucationl attainment.C)They will melt into the African-American community.D)They may forever remain poor and underachieving.60.What should be done to help the new immigrants?A)Rid them of their inferiority complex.B)Urge them to adopt American customs.C)prevent them from being marginalized.D)Teach them standard American English.61.According to the author,the burning issue concerning immigrationg is_______.A)how to deal with people entering the U.S. without documentsB)how to help immigrants to better fit into American societyC)how to stop illegal immigrants from crossing the corderD)how to limit the number of immigrants to enter the U.S.Part VIndividuals and businesses have legal protection for intellectual property they create and own . intellectual proper _62_from creative thinking and 62. A. retrieves B.deviatesC.resultsD.departsmay include products, 63 processes, and ideas. 63. A. services B.reserversC.assumptionsD.motionsIntellectual property is protected 64 misapproprition(盗用). 64. A. for B.withMisappropriation is taking the Intellectual propetty of others C.by D.fromwithour ____65____ compensation and using it for monetary gain. 65. A. sound B.partialC.dueD.randomLegal protection is provided for the ___66___of 66. ers B.owners intellectual propetty. The three common types of legal C.masters D.executives protection are patents, copyrights, and trademarks.Patents provide exclusive use of inventions.If the u.s patent office __67__ a patent, it is 67.A. affords B. affiliatesC. fundsD.grantsconfirmind that the intellectual property is ___68____. 68. A. solemn B.soberThe patent prevents others from making ,using, or C.unique D. universalselling the invention without the owner’s __69___ for 69. A. perspective B.permission a period of 20 years. C. conformity D. consensusCopyright are similar to patents __70___that 70. A.except B.besidesthey are applied to artistic works. A copyright protects C.eyond D.despitethe creator of an __71___artisitic or intellectual 71.A. absolute B. alternative work, such as a song or a novel. A copyright gives C. original D.orthodoxthe owner wxclusive rights to copy, __72___ display, 72. A. presume Bstimulateor perform the work . the copyright prevents C. nominate D.distribute others from using and selling the work , the __73___ 73. A. range B. lengthof a copyright is typically the lifetime of the author C.scale D. extent74 an additional 70 years. 74 A) plus C) viaTrademarks are words, names, or symbols that B) versus D) untilIdentify the manufacturer of a product and 75 it 75 A) distract C) distinguishfrom similar goods of others. A servicemark is B)differ D)disconnect similar to a trademark 76 is used to identify 76 A) or C) soservices. A trademark prevents others from using B) but D) whereasthe 77 or a similar word, name, or symbol to 77 A) identical C) literalB) analogical D) paralleltake advantage of the recognition and 78 of the 78 A) ambiguity C) popularitybrand or to create confusion in the marketplace. B) utilityD) proximity79 registration, a trademark is usually granted 79 A) From C) BeforeB) Over D) Uponfor a period of ten years. It can be 80 for 80 A)recurred C) recalledB) renewed D) recovered additional ten-year periods indefinitely as 81 as 81 A)long C) farthe mark’s use continues. B)soon D) wellPart VI Translation (5 minutes) Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答，只需写出译文部分。
六级真题
3．六级真题2008年6月大学英语六级考试真题详解2008年6月大学英语六级考试真题详解（A卷）Part ⅠWriting范文：Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?Recent decades have seen the rapid development of information technology. As a result, many electric inventions, including E-books, have found their way into our everyday life and have gained increasing popularity among common people.It’s no wonder that some people hold the idea that E-books will replace traditional books sooner or later because E-books have various advantages over the traditional ones. To start with, all the E-books can be downloaded from the internet directly, most of which are free of charge, while the traditional books in bookstores are much more expensive. What’s more, E-books can be stored more easily in our computers and are more convenient for people to carry around. Last but not the least, reading E-books has become a fashion in our life, which is particularly appealing to our young people.As far as I am concerned, nowadays traditional books are still the leading means of reading. ⑾However, with the further development of information technology and with the popularity of computer and internet, E-books will surely take the place of traditional books in the near future.Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. D）。
2008年12月20日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)+听力原文+答案详解
2008年12月20日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled How to improve psychological health? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.1. 学生心理健康的重要性2. 学校应该怎样做3. 学生自己应该怎样做How to improve psychological healthPart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning) (15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Supersize Surprise Ask anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that it's all down to eating too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environment to precipitate (促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the ―big two‖ –reduced physical activity and increased availability of food – are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all. Earlier this year a review paper by 20 obesity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1. Not enough sleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses' Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who slept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7.It's well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses' study suggests that it can work in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fallen to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate controlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of what's going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic (新陈代新的) rate, shivering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the ―thermo-neutral zone‖, which is increasingly where we choose to live andwork.There is no denying that ambient temperatures (环境温度) have changed in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home warmed from a chilly 13℃ to 18℃. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditionings rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states –where obesity rates tend to be highest – the number of houses with air conditioning has shot up to 71% from 37% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it does – at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3. Less smokingBad news: smokers really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US National Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked out that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28% of smokers.4. Genetic effectsYour chances of becoming fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intriguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grandchildren of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally –so your fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5. A little older …Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. Surveys carried out by the US National Center for Health Statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be obese, and black women have twice the risk.In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%. The proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proportion of black Americans increased from 11% to 12.3%. These changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6. Mature mumsMothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970. Mean age at first birth in the US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.This would be neither here nor there if it weren't for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute's study found that the odds of a child being obese increase 14% for every fiveextra years of their mother's age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the university of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns account for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in 1976, 9.6% of women in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. This combination of older mothers and more single children could be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7. Like marrying likeJust as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with others – particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children – it amplifies the increase from other causes.注意：此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。
2008年6月大学英语三级(A级)真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)
2008年6月大学英语三级（A级）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Listening Comprehension 2. V ocabulary and Structure 3. Reading Comprehension 4. Translation from English to Chinese 5. WritingPart I Listening Comprehension (15 minutes)Directions：This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3 sections.Section ADirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 5 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices A , B, C, and D.1．A．Clean the bedroom.B．Pack up for traveling.C．Water flowers.D．Cook the meal.正确答案：A解析：W: Our bedroom needs cleaning. Shall we clean it now?M: Thank you. But I can do it myself.Q: What does the woman offer to do?本题把握对问话的理解。
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Passage one: Time I think a lot about time and not just because it’s the name of the news organization I work for. Like most working people, I find time or the lack of it, are never ending frustration and an unwinable battle. My every day is a race against the clock that I never ever seem to win. This is hardly a lonesome complaint, according to the families and work institutes, national study of the changing work force, 55% of the employees say they don’t have enough time for themselves, 63% don’t have enough time for their spouses or partners, and 67% don’t have enough time for their children. It’s also not a new complaint. I bet our ancestors returned home from hunting wild animals and gathering nuts, and complained about how little time they had to paint battle scenes on their cave walls. The difference is that the boss of the animal hunting and the head of nut gathering probably told them to “Shut up!” or “No survival for you!” Today’s workers are still demanding control over their time, the difference is: today’s bosses are listening. I’ve been reading a report issued today called When Work Works, produced jointly by 3 organizations. They set out to find and award the employers who employ the most creative and most effective ways to give their workers flexibility. I found this report worth reading and suggest every boss should read it for ideas. Questions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard. 26. What is the speaker complaining about? He’s in a hurry to work everyday and doesn’t have enough spare time. 27. What does the speaker say about our ancestors? They were busy with finding food outside in order to survive. 28. Why does the speaker suggest all bosses read the report by the 3 organizations? Because this report may help them keep their most creative and effective workers working without too much complaint. Passage 2 Loving a child is a circular business. The more you give, the more you get. The more you want to give, Penalapy Leach once said. What she said proves to be true of my blended family. I was born in 1931as the youngest of 6 children, I learn to share my parents’ love. Raising 6 children during the difficult times of the Great Depression took its toll on my parents’ relationship and resulted in their divorce when I was 18 years old. Daddy never had very close relationships with his children and drifted even farther away from us after the divorce. Several years later, a wonderful woman came into his life, and they were married. She had 2 sons. One of them is still at home. Under her influence we became a blended family and a good relationship developed between the 2 families. She always treated us as if we were her 免费？宅在家学英语？怎么报名？ own children. It was because of our other mother, daddy’s second wife, that he became closer to his own children. They shared over 25 years together before our father passed away. At the time of his death, the question came up of my mother, daddy’s first wife, attending his funeral. I will never forget the unconditional love shown by my stepmother, when I asked her if she would object to mother attending daddy’s funeral. Without giving it a second thought, she immediately replied, “of course not, honey, she is the mother of my children.” Questions 29 to 31 are based on the passage you’ve just heard. 29. According to the speaker, what contributed to her parents’ divorce? The difficult time of the Great Depression 30. What brought his father closer to his children? A wonderful woman, his stepmother 31. What message does the speaker want to convey in this talk? Unconditional love may contribute greatly to keeping closer relationship between family members. Passage three In February last year, my wife lost her job. Just as suddenly, the owner of the greenhouse where I worked as manager died of a heart attack. His family announced that they were going to close the business because no one in the family wanted to run it. Things looked pretty gloomy. My wife and I read the want-ads each day. Then one morning, as I was hanging out “Going out of Business” sign at the greenhouse, the door opened and in walked a customer. She was an office manager whose company has just moved into the new office park on the edge of town. She was looking for petite plants to place in the reception areas and offices. "I don't know anything about plants," she said. "I'm sure in a few weeks they’ll all be dead." Why was I helping her select her purchases? My mind was racing. Perhaps as many as a dozen firms have recently opened offices in the new office park, and there were several hundred more acres with construction under way. That afternoon, I drove out to the office park. By six o'clock that evening I had signed contracts with seven companies to rent plants from me and pay me a fee to maintain them. Within a week, I had worked out an agreement to lease the greenhouse from the owner's family. Business is now increasing rapidly. And one day, we hope to be the proud owners of the greenhouse. 32．What do we learn about the greenhouse? It is a place where we can buy plants. 33. What was the speaker doing when the customer walked in one morning? He just finish making a phone call. 34 What did the speaker think of when serving the office manager? He does not know for sure why he helps her 35. What was the speaker’s hope for the future? He hopes to be the proud owner of the green house. 这次四级passage的三篇文章分别属于社会类、故事传记类。相对来说，第一篇文章比较有难度，而后两篇因为情节发展清晰而有条理，所以只要理清脉络顺序，搞懂逻辑关系就并不会很难。从词汇角度来看，虽然文章中有个别生僻的