2014职称英语理工B详解职称英语理工B第4部分阅读理解(手提电脑
2014年职称英语考试理工类B级真题及答案
第1部分：词汇选项(第1—15题，每题1分，共15分) 下⾯每个句⼦中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.After wards there was just a feeling of let-down.A. excitementB. angerC. CalmD. disappointment 2.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situationA.copyB. furnishC. publishD. summariza 3.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigidA.hiddenB.inflexibleC.traditionaD.official 4.He led a very moral lifeA.honourableB.humanC.intelligentD.natural 5.The majority of people around here are decentA.realB.honestC.normalD.wealthy 6.His knowledge of French is fairA.very usefulB.very limitedC.quite goodD.rather special 7.The group does not advocate the use of violenceA.limitB.regalateC.supportD.oppose 8.The worst agonies of the war were now beginningA. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results 9.It was a magic night until the spell was brokenA.timeB.charmC.spaceD.opportunity 10.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present systemA. proveB. discoverC. considerD. imagine 11.Several windows had been smashedA.cleanedB.replacedC.brokenD.fixed 12.She felt that she had done her good deed for the dayA. homeworkB. actC. justiceD. model 13.London quickly became a flourishing portA.majorrgeC.successfulmercial 14.His professional career spanned 16 yearsA.stareedB.changedC.movedsted 15.His stomach felt hollow with fearA. emptyB. sincereC. respectfulD. terrible 第2部分：阅读判断(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分) 下⾯的短⽂后列出了7个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息⽂中没有提及，请选择C. So Many “Earths” The Milky Way contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that's the finding of a new study. It draws on date that came from NASA's top planet-hunting telescope. A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service. Kepler had played a big role in creating a census of planets orbiting some 170,000 stars. Its data have been helping astronomers predict how common planets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting planets that might have conditions similar to those on Earth. The authors of a study published in The Proceedings of the National Academy of sciences, conclude that between 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a mass and temperature similar to the Sun, may host a planet that could support life as we know it. Such a planet would have a diameter at least as large as Earth's, but no more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star's habitable zone. That's where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as a liquid. The new estimate of how many planets might fit these conditions comes from studying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. The scientists used those numbers to extrapolate to the rest of the stars that the telescope could not see . The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would define as habitable a zone starting as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have been in the distant past). Using tighter limits, the researchers estimate that between 4 and 8 out of every 100 Sunlike stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take 200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit. Four out of every 100 sunlike stars doesn't sound like a big number. It would mean, however, that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sized planets with a change for life. 16. The Kepler space telescope has been in service for 15 years.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out planets with similar conditions to Earth's. A. Right B. Wrong C. Not mentioned 18. The planet that could support life might be a little bit smaller than Earth.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 19. The Earth is planet orbiting in the Sun's habitable zone.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 20. The new finding is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 21. The estimate of the number of planets that could support life is not very accurate.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned 第3部分：概括⼤意与完成句⼦(第23～30题，每题1分，共8分) 下⾯的短⽂后有2项测试任务：(1)第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2~5段每段选择1个标题;(2)第27~30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句⼦确定⼀个选项。
2014理工B真题阅读
Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a GlanceBored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be ableto change stuff on your computer screen – and then moveit directly onto your smartphone or tablet(平板电脑) –with nothing more than a glance.A system called EyeDrop uses a head-mountedeye tracker that simultaneously records your field of view so it knows whereyou are looking on the screen. Gazing at an object –aphoto, say –and then pressing a key, selects thatobject. It can then be moved from the screen to a tablet or smartphone just byglancing at the second device, as long as the two are connected wirelessly."The beauty of using gaze to supportthis is that our eyes naturally focus on content that we want to acquire,"says Jayson Turner, who developed the system with colleagues at LancasterUniversity, UK.Turner believes EyeDrop would be useful totransfer an interactive map or contact information from a public display toyour smartphone or for sharing photos.A button needs to be used to select theobject you are looking at otherwise you end up with the "Midastouch"(点石成金) effect, whereby everything you lookat gets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clickedon everything it pointed at," he says.Christian Holz, a researcher inhuman-computer interaction at Yahoo Labs in Sunnyvale, California, says thesystem is a nice take on getting round this fundamental problem of usinggaze-tracking to interact. "EyeDrop solves this in a slick (灵巧的)way by combining it with input on the touch devices we carry withus most of the time anyway and using touch input as a clutchingmechanism," he says. "This now allows users to seamlessly(无缝地) interact across devices far and close in a very naturalmanner."While current eye-trackers are rather bulky,mainstream consumer devices are not too far away. Swedish firm Tobii isdeveloping gaze-tracking technology that can be installed in laptops andtablets and is expected to be available to buy next year. And the Google Glassheadset is expected to include eye-tracking in the future.Turner says he has also looked at how contentcan be cut and pasted or drag-and-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on atouchscreen. The system was presented at the Conference on Mobile andUbiquitous Multimedia in Sweden, last week.41. The eye-tracker technology enables usto______A. change our computer screen.B. focus on anything that interests us.C. get a smartphone connected wirelessly.D. move an object from screen with a glance.42. Why is a button needed?A. To minimize the cost of EyeDrop.B. To choose as many objects as possible.C. To make EyeDrop different from others.D. To select what we want.43. The word “this” in Paragraph 6 refers to_______A. application of gaze-tracking inhuman-computer interaction.B. interaction between human and computer.C. combination of gaze-tracking with input ontouch devices.D. generalization of EyeDrop system.44. Which of the following statement is trueof eye-trackers for consumer devices.A. They are costly.B. They are available.C. They are installed in Google Glassheadset.D. They are expected to come out soon.45. What is Turner likely to study next?A. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps.B. How to present the system in public.C. How to get touch screen involved.D. How to cut and paste content from a publicdisplay.The Mir Space Station1 The Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pioneering the concept of long-term human space flight, is remembered for its accomplishments in the human space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.2 During Mir’s lifetime, Russia spent about US $4.2 billion to build and maintain the station.3 The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astronauts over 12 years and seven months, most of whom were not Russian. In fact, it became the first international space station by playing host to1 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six months each2. They were among the 37 Americans who visited the station during nine stopovers by space shuttles.4 The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operating, but also gave the Americans and their partners in the international station project valuable experience in long-term flight and multinational operations.5 A debate continues over Mir’s contributions to science. During its existence, Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments a nd carried scientific equipment, estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations.3 Experiments on Mir are credited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long enough for a trip to Mars. The longest single stay in space is the 437.7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space station. The longest American stay was that of Shannon Lucid4, who spent 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.6 Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir. In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures.7 Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir’s reputati on as a space station was ruined.8 Mir’s setbacks are nothing, though5, when we compare them with its accomplishments. Mir was a tremendous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed long-term human habitation in space was possible. But it’s time to move on to the next generation. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.。
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级真题及详解【圣才出品】
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B级真题及详解第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题l分，共l5分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定一个意义最为接近的选项。
1.The majority of people around here are decent.A.realB.honestC.normalD.wealthy【答案】B【解析】句意：这附近的大多数人都很正派。
decent得体的，正派的。
honest诚实的，可靠的。
二者意思相近，可相互替换。
real真正的，真实的。
normal正常的。
wealthy 富有的。
因此，本题的正确答案为B。
2.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigidA.hiddenB.traditionalC.inflexibleD.official【答案】C【解析】句意：课程设置过于狭窄和死板。
rigid死板的,僵硬的。
inflexible不灵活的。
二者意思相近，可互相替换。
hidden隐藏的。
traditional传统的。
official官方的;正式的。
因此，本题的正确答案是C。
3.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation.A.furnishB.copyC.publishD.summarize【答案】A【解析】句意：委员会被要求提交关于住房情况的报告。
render提出;实施。
furnish提供，供应。
二者意思相近，可互相替换。
copy复制。
publish出版。
summarize总结。
4.Afterwards there was just a feeling of let-down.A.excitementB.disappointmentC.angerD.calm【答案】B【解析】句意：在此之后，一阵失望袭来。
全国职称英语等级考试（理工类B级）章节题库（第4章阅读理解资源环境类）【圣才出品】
全国职称英语等级考试（理工类B级）章节题库（第4章阅读理解资源环境类）【圣才出品】◆资源环境类Passage1Preserve the EnvironmentThroughout history man has changed his physical environment in order to improve his way of life.With the tools of technology he has altered many physical features of the earth. He has transformed woodlands into farmland,and made lakes and reservoirs out of rivers for irrigation purposes or hydroelectric power.Man has also modified the face of the earth by draining marshes and cutting through mountains to build roads and railways.However,man’s changes to the physical environment have not always had beneficial results.Today,pollution of the air and water is an increasing danger to the health of the planet.Each day thousands of tons of gases come out of the exhausts of motor vehicles;smoke from factories pollutes the air of industrialized areas and the surrounding areas of countryside.The air in cities is becoming increasingly unhealthy.The pollution of water is equally harmful.In the sea,pollution from oil is increasing and is killing enormous numbers of algae(水藻),fish and birds.The whole ecological balance of the sea is being changed.The same problem exists in rivers. Industrial wastes have already made many rivers lifeless.Conservationists believe that it is now necessary for man to limit the growth oftechnology in order to survive on earth.1.Man has changed his physical environment with a view to______.A.altering the physical features of the earthB.modifying the face of the planetC.improving his surroundingsD.bettering his way of life2.According to the passage,pollution of the air and water is caused by______.A.thousands of tons of gases coming out of the exhausts of motor vehiclesB.the changes of the environment that technology has brought to manC.the increasing amount of oil that has been producedD.industrial wastes discharged into rivers3.The ecological balance of the sea is lost when______.A.people consume more fish than they used toB.the ecological balance of the river is lost/doc/343204009.htmlrge numbers of algae,fish and birds are killedD.the production of marine petroleum is increased4.Who would most probably disagree with conservationists?A.Industrialists.B.Ecologists.C.Businessmen.D.Environmentalists.5.The purpose of the writer is______.A.to reduce modern technologyB.to improve man’s way of lifeC.to warn people not to change the natural environmentD.to call attention to the protection of the natural environment【答案与解析】1.D本题问的是人类不断地改造自己的物质环境的目的。
2014年职称英语考试理工B级试题及答案-精
A. sincereB. respectful 第1页共18页2014年职称英语考试理工类B 级试题及参考答案词汇选项: 1.The majority of people around here are decent. ______ A. real B. hon estC. no rmalD. wealthy2.The curriculum was too n arrow and too rigid. _____ A. i nflexibleB. hidde nC. traditi onalD. official3. The committee was asked to ren derareport on the hous ing situati on. A. copyB. publishC. summarizeD. furnish4. Afterwards there was just a feeli ng of let-down _______ A. disappo in tme ntB. exciteme ntC. an gerD. calm5. Several win dows had bee n smashed. A. clea nedB. replacedC. broke nD. fixed6. The worst agonies of the war were now begi nning. A. partsB. painsC. aspectsD. results7.London quickly became a flourishing port.8.She felt that she had done her good deed for the day.A. majorB. largeC. commercialD. successfulA. actB. homework9.He led a very moral life. A. huma nB. in tellige nt10. His stomach felt hollow with fear.C. justiceD. modelC. n aturalD. hono urableC. emptyD. terrible11. It was a magic night until the spell was broken.12. His professional career spanned 16 years.13. They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system.A. proveB. con siderC. imagi ne14. His knowledge of French is fair. ___A. quite goodB. very usefulC. very limited15. The group does not advocate the use of violenee.A. limitB. supportC. regulate阅读判断：So Ma ny‘ EarthsThe Milky Way （ 银河）contains billions of Earth-sized planets that could support life that ' s the finding of a new study. It draws on data that came from NASA pla net-h un ti ng telescope.A mechanical failure recently put that Kepler space telescope out of service.Kepler had played a big role in creati ng a cen sus of pla nets orbit ing some 170,000 stars. Its data have bee n helpi ng astr ono mers predict how com mon pla nets are in our galaxy. The telescope focused on hunting pla nets that might have con diti ons similar to those on Earth.The authors of a study, published in The Proceedi ngs of the Nati onal AcademyA. charmB. timeC.spaceD. opport unityA. startedB.changedC. lastedD. movedD. discovD. rather specialD.opposeof scie nces, con elude that betwee n 14 and 30 out of every 100 stars, with a massand temperature similar to the Sun, may host a pla net that could support life as weknow it. Such a pla net would have a diameter at least as large as Earth s, bi more than twice that big. The planet also would have to orbit in a star s hal zone. That ' s where the surface temperature would allow any water to exist as aliquid.The new estimate of how many pla nets might fit these con diti ons comes fromstudying more than 42,000 stars and identifying suitable worlds orbiting them. Thescie ntists used those nu mbers to extrapolate ( 推算)to the rest of the stars that thetelescope could not see.The estimate is rough, the authors admit. If applied to the solar system, it would defi ne ashabitable a zone start ing as close to the Sun as Venus and running to as far away as Mars. Neither planet is Earthlike (although either might have bee n in the distant past). Using tighter limits, theresearchers estimate that between 4and 8 out of every 100 Sun like stars could host an Earth-sized world. These are ones that would take200 to 400 days to complete a yearly orbit.Four out of every 100 sun like stars does n ' t sound like a big nu mber. It would mean, however,that the Milky Way could host more than a billion Earth-sizedpla nets with a cha nge for life.16. The Kepler space telescope has bee n in service for 15 years.A. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned17. The main task of the Kepler space telescope is to find out pla nets with similarA. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned18. The pla net that could support life might be a little bit smaller tha n Earth.A. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned19. The Earth is pla net orbit ing in the Sun's habitable zoneA. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned20. The new fin di ng is based on a thorough study of 170,000 stars in the Milky Way.A. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned21. The estimateof the numberof planetsthat could support life is not veryaccurate.A. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned22. This is the first research finding about the planets with a chance for life.A. RightB. WrongC. Not men tio ned概括大意与完成句子：Climate Chan ge: The Long Reach1Earth is warmi ng .Sealevels are rising. There ' snore carb on in the air, andArctic ice is melting faster than at any time in recorded history. Scientist who study the environment to better gauge （评估）Earth ' future climate now argue t hatthese cha nges may not reverse for a very long time. 2People burn fossil fuels like coal and oil for energy. That burning releasescarb on dioxide, a colorless gas. In the air, this gas traps heat at Earth' scon diti ons to Earths.And the more carb on dioxide released, the more the pla net warms. If curre nt 't slow-tehm Idiirgate impacts could lastcon clusi on in a new paper.century or so. During that time, changes in the planet （推动）global warmi ng even higher. For example: Snow and ice reflect sun light backinto space. But as these melt, sun light can now reach — and warm — the exposedground. This extra heat raises the air temperature eve n more, caus ing even more snow to melt. This type of rapid exaggeration of impacts is called a “ fast feedback ”.4 Zeebe says it ' smportant to look at fast feedbacks. However, he adds, they ' relimited. From a climate changeperspective, “ This century is the mostimportant time for the next few generations, ” he told Science News. “ Buttheworld is not endin g in 2100 .” For this new study, Zeebe now focuses on“ slowfeedbacks. While fast feedback events unfold over decades or centuries, slowfeedbacks can take thousa nds of years. Melt ing of con ti nen tal ice sheets and the migrationof plant life — as they relocate to more comfortable areas — are twoexamples of slow feedbacks.con sumpti on of fossil fuels does n thousa nds ofmore severe tha n scie ntistshad beenexpect ing.Climatologist Richard Zeebe of the University of Hawaiiat Manoa offers this3 Most climate- change studies look at what ' s goingto happenin the nexts environment could nu dge5 Zeebe gathered in formati on from previously publishes studies in vestigat ing how such processes played out over thousands of years during past dramaticchanges in climate. Then he came up with a forecast for the future that accounts for both slow and fast feedback processes. Climate forecasts that use only fast feedbacks predict a 4.5 degree Celsius (8.1 degree Fahre nheit) cha nge by the year 3000. But slow feedbacks added ano ther 1.5 °C — for a 6 °C total in crease, Zeebe reports. He also found that slowfeedback events will cause warm ing to persist for thousa nds of years after people run out of fossil fuels to burn.B. Impact of bur ning fossil fuelsC. Fast feedbacksD. Slow feedbacksE. Un predictability of feedback processesF. A predict ion of future climate cha nge27. Arctic ice has n ever bee n melt ing so fast in _ D __ . 28. Melt ing of snow and ice en ables sun light to reach A .29. Zeebe came up with his future climate predict ion by an alyz ing E __ 30. After fossil fuels are used up, global warm ing will continue for _ B __ .23. Paragraph 2 _ B ___ 24. Paragraph 3 _ C ___ 25. Paragraph 4 _ D ___ 26. Paragraph 5 _ F ___阅读理解: 第一篇：The Mir Space StationThe Russian Mir Space Station, which came down in 2001 at last after 15 years of pion eeri ng the con cept of Iong-term huma n space flight, is remembered for its accomplishme nts in the huma n space flight history. It can be credited with many firsts in space.During Mir's lifetime, Russia spent about US$4.2 billion to build and maintain the stati on.The Soviet Union launched Mir, which was designed to last from three to five years, on February 20, 1986, and housed 104 astr on auts over 12 years and seve n mon ths, most of whom were not Russia n. In fact, it became the first intern ati onal space station by playing host to 62 people from 11 countries. From 1995 through 1998, seven astronauts from the United States took turns living on Mir for up to six mon ths each. They were among the 37 America ns who visited the stati on duri ng nine stopovers by space shuttles.The more than 400 million the United States provided Russian for the visits not only kept Mir operat ing, but also gave the America ns and their part ners in theintern ati onal stati on project valuable experie nee in Ion g-term flight andmult in ati onal operati ons.A debate continues over Mir ' s contributions to scienee. During its exis tence,Mir was the laboratory for 23,000 experiments and carried scientific equipment,estimated to be worth $80 million, from many nations. Experiments on Mir arecredited with a range of findings, from the first solid measurement of the ration of heavy helium atoms in space to how to grow wheat in space. But for those favouring human space exploration, Mir showed that people could live and work in space long eno ugh for a trip to Mars. The Ion gest sin gle stay in space is the 437. 7 days that Russian astronaut Valery Polyakov spent on Mir from 1994 to 1995. And Sergie Avdeyev accumulated 747.6 days in space in three trips to the space statio n.The Ion gest America n stay was that of Shannon Lucid, who spe nt 188 days aboard Mir in 1996.Despite the many firsts Mir accomplished, 1997 was a bad year out of 15 for Mir.In 1997, an oxygen generator caught fire. Later, the main computer system broke down, causing the station to drift several times and there were power failures.Most of these problems were repaired, with American help and suppliers, but Mir's reputation as a space station was ruined.Mir ' s setbacks are nothing, though, when we compare them with itsaccomplishme nts. Mire was a treme ndous success, which will be remembered as a milestone in space exploration and the space station that showed Iong-termhuman habitation in space was possible. But it's time to move on to the nextgeneration. The International Space Station being built will be better, but it owes a great debt to Mir.31. What can we lear n from the passage that the Mir Space Stati onA. was desig ned to last 5 years.B. was built by Russia ns.C. played nost to 7 astro nauts from differe nt coun tries.D. was visited only by America ns.32. One of the contributions Mir makes to science is that itA. helps astr on auts get close to Mars.B. en ables scie ntists to develop new scie ntific equipme nt.C. sets a record of the Ion gest sin gle huma n stay in space.D. shows that mult in ati onal operati ons in space are less expe nsive.33. What happe ned to Mir in 1997?A. It ran out of its fund.B. It was completely damage by fire.C. Its main computer system broke dow n.D. Its reputati on was ruined due to power failures.34. It can be in ferred from the last paragraph thatA. space exploration will not experience setbacks.B. it is difficult for other space stati ons to exceed Mir ' s success.C. Mir is the best Ion g-term huma n habitati on in space in history.D. mult in ati onal space operati ons are gett ing more accomplishme nts.35. What is the author ' s attitude toward Mir?A. Favorable.B. I ndiffere nt.C. Iro nic.D. Negative.第二篇：Approaches to Un dersta nding In tellige ncesIt pays to be smart, but we are not all smart in the same way. You may be atale nted musicia n, but you might not be a good reader. Each of us is differe nt.Psychologists disagree about what is intelligenee and what are talents orpersonal abilities. Psychologists have two different views on intelligenee. Somebelieve there is on e gen eral in tellige nee. Others believe there are many differe nt in tellige nces.Some psychologists say there is one type of in tellige nee that can be measuredwith IQ tests. These psychologists support their view with research that con cludes that people who do well on one kind of test for men tal ability do well on other tests. They do well on tests using words, nu mbers or pictures. They do well on in dividual or group tests, and written or oral tests. Those who do poorly on one test, do the same on all tests.Studies of the brain show that there is a biological basis for gen eral in tellige nee.The brains of in tellige nt people use less en ergy duri ng problem solvi ng. The brain waves of people with high in tellige nee show a quicker reacti on. Some researcherscon elude that differe nces in in tellige nee result from differe nces in the speed andeffective ness of in formati on process ing by the brain.Howard Gardner, a psychologist at the Harvard School of Educati on, has fourchildren. He believes that all children are different and shouldn ' t be tested by intelligenee test. Although Gardner believes general intelligenee exists, he thinksthat the human mind has different intelligences. These intelligences allow us tosolve the kinds of problems we are prese nted with in life. Each of us has differe ntabilities with in these in tellige nces. Gardner believes that the purpose of schoolshould be to en courage developme nt of all of our in tellige nces.Gardner says that his theory is based on biology. For example, whe n one partof the brain is injured, other parts of the brain still work. People who cannot talkbecause of brain damage can still sing. So, there is not just one in tellige nee to lose.Gardner has identified 8 different kinds of intelligenee: linguistic, mathematical,spatial, musical, in terpers on al, in trapers on al, body-k in esthetic （身体动觉的）,andn aturalistic.36. What is the main idea of this passage?A. How to un dersta nd in tellige nee.B. The importa nee of in tellige nee.C. The developme nt of in tellige nee tests.D. How to become in tellige nt.37. Which of the followi ng stateme nts is true concerning gen eral in tellige nee?A. Most intelligent people do well on some intelligence tests.B. People doing well on one type of in tellige nce test do well on other tests.C. In tellige nt people do not do well on group tests.D. Intelligent people do better on written tests than on oral tests.38. Gardner believes thatA. childre n have differe nt in tellige ncesB. all childre n are alike.C. childre n should take one in tellige nce test.D. there is no gen eral in tellige nce.39. Accord ing to Gardner, schools shouldA. promote developme nt of all in tellige nces.B. test stude nts ' IQs.C. train stude nts who do poorly on tests.D. focus on finding the most in tellige nt stude nts.40. Gardner thinks that his theory has aA. musical foun datio n.B. in trapers onal foun dati on.C. li nguistic foun dati on.D. biological foun dati on.第三篇：Eye-tracker Lots You Drag and Drop Files with a GlanceBored of using a mouse? Soon you'll be able to cha nge stuff on your computerscreen - and then move it directly onto your smart phone or tablet（平板电脑）-withno thi ng more tha n a gla nee.A system called Eye Drop uses a head-m oun ted eye tracker that simulta neouslyrecords your field of view so it knows where you are looking on the screen. Gazingat an object - a photo, say - and the n press ing a key, selects that object. It can the nbe moved from the scree n to a tablet or smart phone just by gla ncing at the sec ond device, as long as the two are conn ected wirelessly."The beauty of using gaze to support this is that our eyes n aturally focus oncontent that we want to acquire, "says Jays on Turner, who developed the systemwith colleagues at Lan caster Uni versity, UK.Turner believes Eye Drop would be useful to tran sfer an in teractive map or con tact in formatio n from a public display to your smart phone or for shari ng photos.A butt on n eeds to be used to select the object you are look ing at otherwiseyou end up with the "Midastouch"（点石成金）effect, whereby everything you look atgets selected by your gaze, says Turner. "Imagine if your mouse clickedoneveryth ing it poin ted at," he says.Christian Holz, a researcher in huma n-computer in teractionat Yahoo Labs inSunny vale, Califor nia, says the system is a nice take on gett ing rou ndthisfun dame ntal problem of using gaze-track ing to in teract. "Eye Drop solves this in aslick （灵巧的）way by comb ining it with in put on the touch devices we carry with us most of the time any way and using touch in put as a clutch ing mecha ni sm," he says."This now allows users to seamlessly（无缝地）in teract across devices far and close in a very n atural mann er."While curre nt eye-trackers are rather bulky, main stream con sumer devices arenot too far away. Swedish firm Tobii is develop ing gaze-track ing tech no logy thatcan be in stalled in laptops and tablets and is expected to be available to buy nextyear. And the Google Glass headset is expected to include eye-tracking in future.Turner says he has also looked at how content can be cut and pasteddrag-a nd-dropped using a mix of gaze and taps on a touch scree n. The system was prese nted at the Conference on Mobile and Ubiquitous Multimedia in Swede n, last week.41. The eye-tracker tech no logy en ables us to ___A. cha nge our computer scree n.B. focus on any thi ng that in terests us.C. get a smart phone conn ected wirelessly.D. move an object from scree n with a gla nee.42. Why is a button needed?A. To mi ni mize the cost of Eye Drop.B. To choose as many objects as possible.the orC. To make Eye Drop differe nt from others.D. To select what we want.43 . The word “ this ” in Paragraptefers to _______A. applicati on of gaze-track ing in huma n-computer in teractio n.B. i nteractio n betwee n huma n and computer.C. comb in ati on of gaze-track ing with in put on touch devices.D. gen eralizati on of Eye Drop system.44. Which of the followi ng stateme nt is true of eye-trackers for con sumer useA. They are costly.B. They are available.C. They are in stalled in Google Glass headset.D. They are expected to come out soon.45. What is Turner likely to study next?A. How to drag and drop with gaze and taps.B. How to prese nt the system in public.C. How to get touch scree n in volved.D. How to cut and paste content from a public display.补全短文：The Day a Ian guage DiedWhen Can dos Westez died at the age of 76, a Ian guage died, too, Westez, more commonly known as Rad Thunder Cloud, was the last speaker of the NativeAmerican Ianguage, Catawba. Anyonne who wants to hear various songs of theCatawba can con tact the Smiths onian In stituti on in Wash ington, D.C., where ,back__ 46 __ They are all the that is of the Catawba Ian guage The Ian guage that peopleused to speak is gone forever.We are all aware of the damage that modern industry can do to the worldecology （生态）.However ,few people are aware of the impact that widely spoken allover the world .Chi nese ,Spa ni sh, Russia n, and Hindi have become powerfulIanguages, as well, ______ 47 _ When this happens ,hundreds of Ianguages that arespoke n by only a few people die out.Scholars believe there are about 6,000 Ian guages around the world , but morethan half of them could die out with in the n ext100 years. There are many examples.Areaki is a native Ianguages of the island of Vanuatu, located in the Pacific Ocean. Itis spoken by only a few older adults, so like Catawba ,Arahi will soondisappear .Ma ny Ian guages of Ethiopia will have the same fate because each onehas only a few speakers. __ 48 _ .In the America n 100 Ian guages, each of which hasfewer tha n 300 speaker ,also are dying out.Red Thunder Cloud was one of the first to recognize the threat of Ianguage death and to try to do something about it. He was not actually born into the Catawba tribe, and the Ian guage was not his mother tongue 49 The songs hesang for the Smithsonian Institution helped to make Native American musicpopular. Now he is gone, and Ian guage is dead.What does it mea n whe n a Ian guage disappear ?Whe n a pla nt or in sect orve lost and appreciate what ani mal species dies. It is easy to un dersta nd what we this means for the balanee of thenature world. However, language is only a productof the mind. To be the last rema ining speaker of a Ian guage, like Red Thun der Cloud.Must be a Ionely destiny, almost as strange and temble as being last surviving member of a dying species 50A. As these Ian guage become more powerful, their use as tools f bus in ess andculture in creases.B. For the rest of us, when a Ianguage dies, we lose the possibility of a unique wayof see ing and describ ing the world.C. These Ianguages don ' t have many native speaker.D. However, he is a frequent visitor to the Catawba reservation in South Carolina.E. Papua New Guinea is an extremely rich source of different language, but moretha n 100 of them are in dan ger of ext inction（灭绝）.F. Some people might want to try to learn some of these songs by heart参考答案：46-50 : FACDB完形填空：Un dergro und Coal Fires a Loo ming CatastropheCoal bur ning deep un dergr ound in China, In dia and Indon esia is threate ning theenvironment and huma n life, scie ntists have warn ed, these large-scale __51_blazes cause the ground temperature to heat up and kill surro unding vegetati on, produce gree nhouse gases and can__52__ ign ite forest fires, a panel of scie ntists told the annual meeting of the American Association For the Advancement ofScience in Denver. The resulting __53__ of poisonous elements like arsenic andmercury can also pollute local water sources and soils, they warn ed.“ Coal fires are a global catastrophe, ” said Associate Professor Glenn Stracherof East Georgia College in Swainsboro, USA, But __54__ few people know about them.Coal can heat up on its own, and even tually catch fire and bur n, if there is a con ti nu ous oxyge n supply. The heat produced is not cause to __55__ and un der the right comb in ati ons of sun light and oxyge n, can trigger spontan eous catch ing fire and bur ning. This can occur un dergro und, in coal stockpiles, aba ndoned mines or even as coal is tran sported. __56__ fires in China con sume up to 200 milli on tones of coal per year, delegates were told. In __57__, the U.S. economy con sumes about one billi on tones of coal annu ally, said Stracher, __58__ an alysis of the likely impact of coal fires has been accepted for publication in the International Journal of CoalEcology. __59__ un derway, coal fires can burn for decades, even cen turies. In the process, they release large __60__ of gree nhouse gases pois onous fumes and black particles into the atmosphere.The members of the panel discussed the __61__ these fires may be hav ing on global and regi onal climate cha nge, cand agreed that the un dergro und n ature of the fires makes them difficult to__62__.Ultimately, the remote sensing and other tech niq ues should allow scie ntists to __63__ how much carb on dioxide these fires are emitti ng. One suggested __64__ of containing the fires was presented by Gary Colaizzi, of the engineering firm Goods on, which has developed a heat-resista nt grout (a thin mortar used to fillcracks and crevices., which is designed to be pumped into the coal fire to __65__ the oxyge n supply.51.A. houseB. un dergro undC. skyD. water52 . A. only B. evenC. justD.then53.A. releaseB. pasteC. con sumpti onD. elim in ati on54 . A. happily B. traditio nally C. surpris in glyD. fashi onably55 . A. exchangeB. regenerateC. disappearD. tran sfer56. A. Most B. Such C. Some D. Ma ny57 . 58A.Acomparis onwhichB. caseB. whoC. timeC. whoseD. turnD. what59 .A.Yet B. Un less C. Although D. Once60 .A.data B. volumes C. figures D. images61 .A.attack B. impactC. ide ntificationD. impilicatio n62.A. developB. relieveC. detectD. supply63 .A.estimate B. experime nt C. gather D. illustrate64 .A.cause B. methodC. treatmentD. rule65 .A. take up B. back up C. run out D. cut off01-15 BCABD ACDDCBDACD16-22 CABABAC23-30 ADBC BEFA31-45ABADB DCDDC DDCDC46-50 FDCAB51-65 BBACC BACDBBCABD。
2014年职称英语理工 B级 所有阅读理解及完形填空译文
第四部分阅读理解第一篇福特放弃电动汽车分析人士评论，福特汽车公司放弃电动汽年的举动有力地证明了这种技术是行不通的。
通用汽车公司和日本本田汽车公司早于1999年就停止了电池动力汽车的生产，转而开发燃料电池和电池内燃混合机，这对消费者更有吸引力。
福特宣布它现在也要做同样的尝试。
3年前，福特推出名为Think City的双排座汽车和Think或Think Neighbor系列高尔夫车，希望能销售5000辆汽车、10000高尔夫车。
但由于需求不足，截至2002年仅生产了大约1000辆汽车，售出的高尔夫车还不足1700辆。
“关键是我们认为电动车不能代表大众市场环保交通的未来”，福特欧洲区的Tim Holmes于周五说，“我们感觉自己对电力车已做了昀好的尝试。
”Think City系列的运行里程仅53英里，电池充电需6小时。
通用公司的EVI电力车也仅能运行100英里。
昂贵的电池也意味着电动汽车的造价比汽油动力车高出许多。
日本丰田产的RAV4EV系列电动车在美国的售价达42000美元，而同系列的汽油动力车仅售17000美元。
丰田和日产汽车公司是现在仅存的两大电动车制造商。
“应该说电池动力车已经获得了充分的机会。
福特现已转向电池内燃混合机开发项目，我们应据此评价他们的发展。
”Roger Higman，英国Friends of the Earth组织的一位高级交通运动代表这样对《环保新闻》评论说。
日本本田和丰田公司推出的混合机汽车在过去几年取得了良好的销售业绩。
混合动力车比汽油机车运行里程更长，电池又可自行充电。
福特表示，他们认为这样的机车有助于达到美国新制订的车辆排放规定。
不过，这些规定究竟允许怎样的排放物现在还不十分清楚。
六月份通用和戴姆勒克莱斯勒公司赢得一项法庭裁决，可推迟两年执行一项加州法令，该法令要求汽车生产商在2003年前向该州提供10万辆零排放和其他低排放汽车。
制造商希望修改此法令，允许他们生产更多低排放而不是零排放的汽车。
2014年职称英语理工B真题及答案
2014年职称英语理工B真题及答案第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与画线部分意义最相近的词或短语。
答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。
1.After wards there was just a feeling of let-downA. excitementB. angerC. chalmD. disappointment2.The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situationA.copyB. furnishC. publishD. summariza3.The curriculum was too narrow and too rigidA.hiddenB.inflexibleC.traditionaD.official4.He led a very moral lifeA.honourableB.humanC.intelligentD.natural5.The majority of people around here are decentA.realB.honestC.normal C.wealthy6.His knowledge of French is fairA.very usefulB.very limitedC.quite goodD.rather special7.The group does not advocate the use of violenceA.limitB.regalateC.supportD.oppose8.The worst agonies of the war were now beginningA. painsB. partsC. aspectsD. results9.It was a magic night until the spell was brokenA.timeB.clarmC.spaceD.opportunity10.They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present systemA. proveB. discoverC. considerD. imagineA.cleanedB.replacedC.brokenD.fixed12.She felt that she had done her good deed for the dayA. homeworkB. actC. justiceD. model13.London quickly became a flourishing portA.majorrgeC.successfulmercial14.His professional career spanned 16 yearsA.stareedB.changedC.movedsted15.His stomach felt hollow with fearA. emptyB. sincereC. respectfulD. terrible答案：DBBAB CCABB CBCDA第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。
职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第一篇)
职称英语理工类B级阅读理解真题及答案(第一篇)第4部分：阅读理解（第31——45题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题。
请根据短文内容，为每题确定1个选项。
第一篇Smart WindowsWindows not only let light in to cut downon electricity use for lighting, but thelight coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are notsomething people typically associate with an advanced technology. Reseachersare now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change fromclear to dark and anything in between easily.“It took us a long time to figure out whata window really is,”says Claes Granqvist. He’s a professor of solid-statephysics at Uppsala University in Sweden. “It contact with the outside world.You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So,windows and n atural light are important for improving the way people feel whenthey’re stuck indoorsYet. windows are the weak link in abuilding when it comes to energy and temperature control. In winter cold airleaks in. When it’s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlightcarries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people toturn on their conditioners. Producing blasts of cold air, which can feel so refreshing(使人清新的)，actually sucks up enormous amountsof electricity in buildings around the world.Windows have been a major focus of energyresearch for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a varietyof strategies for coating, glazing (用玻覆盖)，and layeringwindows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further.They use chromogenic (发色的）technologies which involve changes of color.Electrochromic (电致色的）windows use electricity tochange color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of chemicalcompound such as tungsten oxide (氧化钨)works a bit like a batter. Tungsten oxides is clear when anelectric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, whenthe amount of voltage(电压)is decreased, the window darkens until it’s completely dark afterall electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether thewindow looks clear or dark.One important feature that makes a smartwindow so smart is that it has a sort of“memory”. All it takes is a small changeof voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays thatway. Transits take anywhere from in10 seconds to a few minutes, depending onthe size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean thatmassive air conditioning systems may no longer be needed. “In thefuture,”Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.”31. Which of the following of values ofwindows is NOT mentioned?A. Theylet light in to brighten the house.B. Theylet light in to heat the house.C. Theylet us have visual contact with the surrounding world.D. They let us think about the outside world.答案：D32. The expression “when it comes to “ inParagraph 3 is used toA. signalthe arrival of a guest.B. indicatethe recovery of consciousness.C. show our understanding of something.D. introduce a new aspect of a topic.答案：D33. According to Paragraph 4, smart windowsare the windows thatA. are coated.B. are glazed.C. have several layers.D.can change color.答案：D34. Whichparagraph gives an account of the way electrochromic windows……A. Paragraphs 5.B. Paragraph3.C. Paragraph4.D. Paragraphs6.答案：A35. Asmart window is smart mainly becauseA. itcan change its size.B. itcan change its structure.C. itcan change the voltage of electricity.D. it has a sort of memory.答案：D。
2014职称英语理工b试题及答案
2014职称英语理工b试题及答案2014职称英语理工B试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分）1. 根据所给文章，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 技术进步是社会发展的关键B. 教育是提高个人竞争力的途径C. 环境保护是当前的首要任务D. 经济全球化对发展中国家有利答案：A2. 文章中提到的“可持续发展”指的是什么？A. 经济增长B. 环境保护C. 社会稳定D. 资源的合理利用和环境的保护答案：D3. 根据文章内容，以下哪个选项不是作者认为的可持续发展的要素？A. 经济增长B. 社会公正C. 环境保护D. 技术革新答案：D4. 文章中提到了哪些因素可能对可持续发展产生负面影响？A. 人口增长B. 资源枯竭C. 环境污染D. 所有以上选项答案：D5. 文章最后一段提到了哪些措施来促进可持续发展？A. 增加教育投入B. 改善基础设施C. 鼓励技术创新D. 所有以上选项答案：D二、完形填空（共20分）[文章略]61. 答案：A62. 答案：B63. 答案：C64. 答案：D65. 答案：A三、词汇与语法（共20分）71. The project was _______ due to the lack of funding.A. postponedC. resumedD. accelerated答案：B72. Despite the heavy rain, they _______ the game.A. gave upB. put offC. carried onD. called off答案：C73. The new policy will _______ the interests of the majority.A. jeopardizeB. promoteC. undermineD. neglect答案：B74. She is _______ to be the best candidate for the position.A. qualifiedB. disqualifiedC. unqualifiedD. overqualified答案：A75. The company has _______ a new marketing strategy.B. landedC. foundedD. established答案：A四、翻译（共20分）81. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得更加便利。
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类B
2014年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1-15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 She found me very dull．A dirtyB sleepyC lazyD boring2 The President made a brief visit to Beijing．A shortB workingC formalD secret3 He was persuaded to give up the idea．A mentionB acceptC considerD drop4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a day．A eatsB drinksC buysD produces5 Mary just told us a very fascinating story．A strangeB frighteningC difficultD interesting6 It's a gorgeous day anyway.A lovelyB coldC normalD rainy7 Her life is becoming more diverse．A generousB humorousC variedD romantic8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the war．A broadeningB worseningC extendingD accelerating9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice．A unableB indecisiveC readyD reluctant10 She is slender．with delicate wrists and ankles．A sickB weakC slimD pale11 With immense relief．I stopped running．A someB enormousC littleD extensive12 The scientists began to accumulate data．A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate13 Jack eventually overtook the last truck．A hitB passedC reachedD led14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance．A possibleB profitableC easyD wise15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle．A factB mysteryC statementD game第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题l分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
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第四部分阅读理解阅读下面的短文。
每篇短文的后面有 5个问题，每个问题有 4个备选答案。
请根据短文的内容选择正确的答案。
第十七篇 A Sunshade for the Planet遮阳棚 行星 地球防晒霜 美沙酮Even with the best will 1in the world, reducing our carbon emissions is not going即使 有 愿望碳 排放量 prevent global warming. It has become clear that even if we take the most strong防止measures to control emissions, the uncertainties in our climate （weather ） models措施 无法确定 气候still leave open the possibility of extreme warming and rises in sea level. At the仍然 （未解决） 可能性 极端 暖same time, resistance by governments and special interest groups makes it quite与此同时 阻抗 完全可能受到政府和特殊利益群体的阻挠， 特殊 利益群体possible that the actions suggested by climate scientists might not be implemented气候学家往往不能将措施很快实施彻底。
气象学家 力量 实施 soon enough .彻底Fortunately, if the worst comes to the worse 2, scientists still have a few tricks幸运地越来越坏 （坏 恶劣） 窍门up their sleeves 3. For the most part they have strongly resisted discussing these套路 强烈 反对 讨论options for fear of inviting a sense of complacency that might thwart efforts to选项（措施）恐怕 满足 反对tackle the root of the problem. Until now, that is. A growing number of researchers解决 根源 越来越多的研究者相信are taking a fresh look at large-scale “geoengineering ” projects that might be used to counteract global 取得新的看法， 大型的地质工程建设可用来抵御全球变暖。
warming. “I use the analogy of methadone 4,” says Stephen Schneider, a climate researcher at Stanford “ 我把它比作美沙酮。
加利福利亚，斯坦福大学的一位气象学家 Stephen SchneiderUniversity in California who was among the first to draw attention to global warming. “If you have a 是很早提出气候变暖这项议题的学者之一。
heroin addict, the correct treatment is hospitalization, and a long rehab. But if they absolutely refuse, 他说，如果你那里有一个海洛因上瘾者，那么正确的治疗方法就是住院，接受长时间的康复治疗。
如果他们完全拒绝，那服用美沙酮比海洛因好。
” Cure 治疗methadone is better than heroin.Basically the idea is to apply “sunscreen” to the whole planet. One astronomer has come up with a radical 基本上思路是给地球也涂上防晒箱。
一个天文学家突发奇想，plan to cool Earth: launch trillions of feather-light discs into space, where they would form a vast cloud 想借此冷却地球：发射亿万轻如羽毛的碟片进入太空形成巨大“云层”以阻碍太阳光。
that would block the sun’s rays. It’s controversial, but recent studies suggest there are ways to deflect争议最新有一些方法可以转移just enough of the sunlight reaching the Earth’s surface to counteract the warming produced by the到这地球表面的阳光以抵消温室效应产生的气候变暖。
greenhouse effect. Global climate models show that blocking just 1. 8 per cent of the incident energy全球气候模型表明，阻断百分之一点八的太阳能刚好可以抵消大气中双倍的温室气体所引起的气候变暖现象。
in the sun’s rays would cancel out the warming effects produced by a doubling of greenhouse gases inthe atmosphere. That could be crucial, because even the most severe emissions-control measures being这最重要因为即使采取最严格的控制气体排放措施，到本世纪末，二氧化碳量仍会翻倍。
proposed would leave us with a doubling of carbon dioxide by the end of this century, and that would lastfor at least a century more.并且，这种情况将再持续至少一个世纪。
地球防晒霜就算怀着最美好的愿望，仅仅减少二氧化碳的排放量还是不能制止全球变暖。
很明显，即便采取最强硬的措施来控制排放，气候的变化无常仍能导致极速变暖和海平面上升。
另一方面，受到政府和特殊利益群体的阻挠，气候学家往往不能将措施很快实施彻底。
幸好，如果被逼上绝路，科学家们还有最后几招。
在大多数情况下，他们拒绝讨论这些措施，害怕人们会因此沾沾自喜而使这个问题不能被彻底解决。
至少目前是这样。
越来越多的研究者相信一项大型的地质工程建设可用来抵御全球变暖。
斯坦福大学的一位气象学家Stephen Schneider是很早提出气候变暖这项议题的学者之一。
他说，“我把它比作美沙酮。
如果你那里有一个海洛因上瘾者，那么正确的治疗方法就是住院，接受长时间的康复治疗。
拒绝正常住院治疗，那服用美沙酮是一种缓解海洛因毒瘾的有效方法。
”总体思路是给地球也涂上防晒箱。
一个天文学家突发奇想，想借此冷却地球：发射亿万轻如羽毛的碟片进入太空形成巨大“云层”以阻碍太阳光。
这个想法备受争议，但最近的研究表明，有一些方法可以控制到这地球表面的阳光以抵消温室效应产生的气候变暖。
全球气候模型表明，阻断百分之一点八的太阳能刚好可以抵消大气中双倍的温室气体所引起的气候变暖现象。
这个想法影响深远，因为即使采取最严格的控制气体排放措施，到本世纪末，二氧化碳量仍会翻倍。
并且，这种情况将再持续至少一个世纪。
气候 climate weather词汇: emission /i5miFEn/v.发射，发射物heroin / 5herEuin /n.海洛因complacency /kEm5pleIsEnsI/n.满足hospitalization/7hCspitElai5zeiFEn /n.住院治疗 thwart /WwC:t/v.反对，阻绕 rehab /`ri:hAb /n.接受康复治病geoengineering /7endVi5niEriN/n.地质工程 astronomer / E5strRnEmE/n.天文学家 trillion /5triljEn/n. (英、德)百万兆 (1018); (美、法)万亿，counteract / 7kauntE5rAkt/v.抵消；抵制兆( 1012 ) analogy / E5nAlEdVi/n.类似；模拟controversial /7kCntrE5vE:FEl /adj.有争议的 methadone /meWB:daun/n.美沙酮，美散痛deflect /deflect /v. (使)偏转注释:1. the best will:最好的愿望2. if the worst comes to the worst:如果最最糟糕的事情发生了。
这是英式英语的用法，在美式英语中它说成 if worst comes to worst。
在不同的语境中，有不同的译法。
如 : “If the worst comes to the worst，” Becky thought，“my retreat is secure; and I have the right-hand seat in the barouche.”蓓基想道 :“逼到最后一条路，逃难是不怕的了，在他的大马车里，我险稳地有一个位了。
”又如 : If the worst comes to the worst，we’ll sell the car.大不了我们把车卖了。
3. scientists still have a few tricks up their sleeves:科学家们仍然有些不为人所知的招数。
have something up one’s sleeve是英语成语，意思是 : to have a secret idea or plan,有锦囊妙计，有所保留的，秘而不宣的谋略或计划，例如 : If this trip doesn’t work out I've still got a few ideas up my sleeve.4. methadone:美沙酮，一种有效的合成麻醉药，它不像吗啡或海洛因那样容易让人上瘾，在戒毒治疗中被用作这些毒品的替代品。