《市场营销原理(第_11_版)》科特勒_课后习题答案

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最新《市场营销学》全书+课后习题(含)参考答案

最新《市场营销学》全书+课后习题(含)参考答案

最新《市场营销学》全书+课后习题(含)参考答案(一)导入案例分析把梳子推销给和尚有一家效益相当好的大公司,决定进一步扩大经营规模,于是高薪招聘营销主管。

广告一打出来,报名者云集。

面对众多应聘者,招聘工作的负责人说:“相马不如赛马。

为了能选拔出高素质的营销人员,我们出一道实践性的试题:就是想办法把木梳尽量多地卖给和尚。

”绝大多数应聘者感到困惑不解,甚至愤怒:出家人剃度为僧,要木梳有何用?岂不是神经错乱,拿人开涮?过了一会儿,应聘者接连拂袖而去,几乎散尽。

最后只剩下三个应聘者:小伊、小石和小钱。

负责人对剩下的这三个应聘者交待:“以10日为限,届时请各位将销售成果向我汇报。

”10日期限到。

负责人问小伊:“卖出多少?”答:“一把。

”“怎么卖的?”小伊讲述了历经的辛苦,以及受到众和尚指责和追打的委屈。

好在下山途中遇到一个小和尚一边晒太阳,一边使劲挠着又脏又厚的头皮。

小伊灵机一动,赶忙递上了木梳,小和尚用后满心欢喜,于是买下一把。

负责人又问小石:“卖出多少?”答:“10把。

”“怎么卖的?”小石说他去了一座名山古寺。

由于山高风大,进香者的头发都被吹乱了。

小石找到了寺院的住持说:“蓬头垢面是对佛的不敬。

应在每座庙的香案前放一把木梳,供善男信女梳理鬓发。

”住持采纳了小石的建议。

那座山共有10座庙,于是主持买下了10把木梳。

负责人又问小钱:“卖出多少?”答:“1000把。

”负责人惊问:“怎么卖的?”小钱说他到一个颇具盛名、香火极旺的深山宝刹,朝圣者如云,施主络绎不绝。

小钱对住持说:“凡来进香朝拜者,多有一颗虔诚之心,宝刹应有所回赠,以做纪念,保估其平安吉祥,鼓励其多做善事。

我有一批木梳,你的书法超群,可先刻上‘积善梳’三个字,然后便可做赠品。

”住持大喜,立即买下1000把木梳,并请小钱小住几天,共同出席了首次赠送“积善梳”的仪式。

得到“积善梳”的施主与香客很是高兴,一传十,十传百,朝圣者更多,香火也更旺。

这还不算完,好戏更在后头。

市场营销原理 菲利普 科特勒

市场营销原理 菲利普 科特勒

菲利普·科特勒(Philip Kotler)是现代营销学之父,被誉为“现代营销学之父”和“营销界的爱因斯坦”,是西北大学凯洛格管理学院S.C.强生荣誉教授,美国密歇根大学商学院博士,哈佛大学企业管理硕士。

他的书籍《市场营销原理》被全球许多商学院用作教材,其中包括哈佛商学院、沃顿商学院、麻省理工学院斯隆管理学院、斯坦福大学商学院、西北大学凯洛格管理学院等知名商学院。

此外,他的著作也被许多世界500强公司用作培训教材,包括IBM、通用电气、3M、惠普、宝洁等。

科特勒教授的著作不仅在学术界受到高度评价,也广泛应用于实际商业领域,对全球商业发展产生了深远影响。

他的《市场营销原理》出版了多个版本,并在不断更新和修订以反映最新的市场营销趋势和策略。

如果您对市场营销有兴趣,可以阅读科特勒教授的著作,了解更多关于市场营销原理和实践的信息。

科特勒市场营销第六章习题与答案

科特勒市场营销第六章习题与答案

Chapter 6 Business Markets and Business Buyer Behavior1) Business buying behavior refers to the buying behavior of organizations that buy all of the following EXCEPT ________。

A) products for use in production of other productsB) services for use in production of other servicesC) products purchased to resell to othersD) products purchased to rent to othersE) products purchased for personal consumptionAnswer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 168Skill: ConceptObjective: 6-12) In one way or another, most large companies sell to ________。

A) consumersB) other organizationsC) employeesD) not—for—profit companiesE) the service sectorAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 168Skill: ConceptObjective: 6—13) Which of the following is NOT a way that business and consumer markets differ?A) market structure and demandB) nature of the buying unitC) satisfaction of needs through purchasesD) types of decisionsE) decision processesAnswer: CDiff: 3 Page Ref: 169Skill: ConceptObjective: 6-14) There are many sets of ________ purchases made for each set of ________ purchases.A) consumer; businessB) tangible; intangibleC) service; productD) business; consumerE) product; serviceAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 168Skill: Concept Objective: 6-15) Which of the following is true about business marketers in comparison to consumer marketers? A) They deal with far fewer but far larger buyers.B) They deal with far more but far small buyers.C) They deal with a more elastic market。

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案Chapter 2 Company and Marketing Strategy:Partnering to Build Customer Relationships1) Which of the following is the first step in strategic planning?A) set objectives and goalsB) develop the business portfolioC) define the company missionD) plan marketing strategiesE) identify threats and weaknessesAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-12) Which of the following is NOT a step in the strategic planning process?A) defining the company missionB) setting company objectives and goalsC) designing the business portfolioD) planning marketing and other functional strategiesE) evaluating all members of the value chainAnswer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-13) Which of the following provides an answer to these questions: What is our business? Who are our customers? What do our customers value? What should our business be?A) objectives and goalsB) a mission statementC) a business portfolioD) marketing and functional strategiesE) operational strategiesAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-14) ________ should be market oriented and defined in terms of ________.A) Annual plans; product needsB) Strategic plans; company needsC) Long-range plans; company needsD) Mission statements; customers' needsE) Objectives; competitors' threatsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-15) All of the following are accurate guidelines for a company's mission statement EXCEPT which one?A) A mission statement should be realistic.B) A mission statement should be narrow.C) A mission statement should emphasize the company's strengths in the marketplace.D) A mission statement should be specific.E) A mission statement should motivate employees.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-16) A company's mission statement serves as a statement of ________.A) factB) valuesC) purposeD) financial goalsE) employee commitmentAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-17) Which of the following is NOT a market-oriented business definition?A) "to make the Internet buying experience fast, easy, and enjoyable"B) "to sell tools and home repair and improvement items"C) "to deliver low prices every day"D) "to be the guardian of our customers' financial dreams"E) "to bring aspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world"Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-18) All of the following are examples of product-orientedmission statements, EXCEPT which one?A) "We provide online services."B) "We run theme parks."C) "We sell shoes."D) "We sell lifestyle and self-expression; success and status; memories, hopes, and dreams."E) "We rent hotel rooms."Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-19) Which of the following is the principle objective of a market-oriented mission statement?A) to satisfy basic customer needsB) to satisfy basic supplier needsC) to satisfy basic stockholder needsD) to satisfy basic owner needsE) to satisfy basic partnership needsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-110) The collection of businesses and products that make upa company is called its ________.A) strategic business unitB) mission statementC) strategic planD) business portfolioE) operational factorAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-211) Which of the following can be a company division, a product line within a division, or sometimes a single product or brand?A) a marketB) the BCGC) an SBUD) a PLCE) a value delivery networkAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-212) After management has identified the key businesses making up its company, what is the next step in portfolio analysis?A) identifying businesses in which to investB) assessing the attractiveness of its SBUsC) deciding whether to harvest any businessesD) completing short-range planningE) identifying SBUsDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-213) The best known product portfolio planning method was developed by ________.A) the Boston Consulting GroupB) Philip KotlerC) Harvard UniversityD) the SRI Consulting FirmE) James P. HessAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-214) Most portfolio analysis methods evaluate SBUs on two dimensions, namely ________ and ________.A) market share; strength of the SBU's positionB) market diversification; relative market shareC) market or industry attractiveness; strength of the SBU's positionD) market growth rates; profitsE) market penetration; market developmentAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-215) In the Boston Consulting Group approach, ________ provides a measure of market attractiveness.A) relative market shareB) market developmentC) market penetrationD) market growth rateE) market segmentationAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-216) In the Boston Consulting Group approach, ________ serves as a measure of company strength in the market.A) relative market shareB) market developmentC) market diversificationD) market growth rateE) market segmentationDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-217) The BCG growth-share matrix classifies four types off SBUs. They are ________ , ________ , ________ , and ________.A) product; price; promotion; placementB) sales; market share; price; promotionC) stars; cash cows; question marks; dogsD) planning; implementing; leading; controllingE) market penetration; market development; product development; diversificationAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-218) In the BCG approach, ________ are high-share, high-growth businesses or products. They need heavy investment to finance rapid growth. When their growth slows down, they turn into________.A) cash cows; starsB) question marks; dogsC) stars; question marksD) stars; cash cowsE) dogs; cash cowsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-219) ________ are low-growth, high share businesses or products. They generate a lot of cash that the firm uses to pay its bills and support other SBUs that need investment.A) StarsB) Cash cowsC) Question marksD) DogsE) CatsAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-220) The four possible strategies that can be pursued for each SBU are building, holding, ________, and ________.A) harvesting; divestingB) promoting; sellingC) downsizing; expandingD) diversifying; penetratingE) developing; growingAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-221) Which of the following is a useful tool for identifyinggrowth opportunities?A) the BCG matrixB) the business portfolioC) the product/market expansion gridD) the value chainE) the value delivery networkAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 43Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-222) Starbucks has introduced a debit card that lets customers prepay for coffee and snacks. This effort by Starbucks management is an example of ________.A) market developmentB) product developmentC) diversificationD) market penetrationE) product adaptationAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 43-45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-223) While a valuable planning tool, a problem with using the BCG matrix centers is that it focuses on ________A) the future instead of the presentB) the present instead of the futureC) financial issues instead of the customerD) the customer instead of suppliersE) the past instead of the presentAnswer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-224) A common practice among marketers is to identify and develop new markets for their existing products. This practice is called ________.A) market developmentB) product developmentC) market penetrationD) market skimmingE) dual adaptationAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 45Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-225) Which of the following entails reducing the business portfolio by eliminating products that no longer fit the company's overall strategy?A) market segmentationB) the BCG approachC) product line extensionD) downsizingE) market redesignAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 46Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-226) The process of customer-driven marketing involves which of the following?A) product; price; promotion; adaptationB) market segmentation; target marketing; differentiation; positioningC) marketing analysis; planning; implementation; feedbackD) analysis; targeting; implementation; controlE) problem identification; information search; decision; implementationAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-427) Today the four Ps are compared to the four Cs. Product and place are called ________ and ________, respectively.A) convenience; customer solutionB) customer cost; convenienceC) communication; customer solutionD) customer solution; convenienceE) communication; convenienceAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 52Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-428) In a basic SWOT analysis, the "S" stands for ________.A) situationB) solutionsC) satisfactionsD) strengthsE) strategyAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-529) In SWOT analysis, which of the following refers to factors in the external environment?A) strengthsB) strategiesC) weaknessesD) opportunitiesE) trendsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-530) "At Nike, we sell shoes" is a market-oriented business definition.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-131) The major activity in strategic planning is strategic business unit planning, whereby management evaluates the products and businesses making up the company.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-232) The purpose of strategic planning is to find ways in which your company can best use its strengths to take advantage of attractive opportunities in the environment.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-233) In the BCG matrix, "dogs" are low-growth businesses and products that do not generate enough cash to maintain themselves.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-234) When a firm finds products or businesses that no longer fit its overall strategy, it must carefully milk, harvest, or better develop them.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 46Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-235) A market segment consists of consumers who respond in different ways to a given set of marketing efforts.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 49Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-436) When a company positions its product, it should first identify possible customer value differences within a market segment that could be the basis of a competitive advantage for the product.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 50Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-437) The marketing mix consists of product, price, place, positioning, and promotion.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Analytic SkillsSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-438) The four marketing management functions are analysis, planning, implementation, and control.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-539) Define strategic planning. Discuss the steps involved.Answer: The process of developing and maintaining a strategic fit between the organization's goals and capabilities and its marketing opportunities is called strategic planning. At the outset, beginning at the corporate level, each company must define its overall purpose and mission. What is our business? Who is the customer? What do our customers value? Answers to these questions are crucial in writing a clear mission statement. Mission statements need to be carefully defined in terms of customer needs. Missions should be realistic, motivating, and fit the market environment. Missions then lead to setting business and marketing objectives/goals in the planning process. This is followed by decisions regarding what portfolio of businesses and products is best for thecompany and how much support to give each one. Next,each business and product develops detailed marketing and other functional strategies. In this step, plans are drawn at the business unit, product, and market levels in support of company wide plans.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 38AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-140) Define marketing strategy. Discuss the steps in formulating marketing strategy.Answer: The marketing logic by which a company hopes to achieve profitable relationships is called its marketing strategy. Marketing strategy formulation entails four specific steps: market segmentation, market targeting, differentiation, and positioning. The process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behavior is called market segmentation. Market targeting involves evaluating each market segment's attractiveness and selecting one or more segments to enter. A company should target segments in which it can profitably generate the greatest customer value and sustain that value over time. Effective positioning begins with actually differentiating the company's marketing offer so that it gives consumers greater value. Positioning is defined as creating a distinct image of a product in the eyes of target consumers. A product's positioning should take advantage of a competitive advantage within the market target.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 48-49AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-4。

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案

科特勒市场营销第二章习题与答案Chapter 2 Company and Marketing Strategy:Partnering to Build Customer Relationships1) Which of the following is the first step in strategic planning?A) set objectives and goalsB) develop the business portfolioC) define the company missionD) plan marketing strategiesE) identify threats and weaknessesAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-12) Which of the following is NOT a step in the strategic planning process?A) defining the company missionB) setting company objectives and goalsC) designing the business portfolioD) planning marketing and other functional strategiesE) evaluating all members of the value chainAnswer: EDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-13) Which of the following provides an answer to these questions: What is our business? Who are our customers? What do our customers value? What should our business be?A) objectives and goalsB) a mission statementC) a business portfolioD) marketing and functional strategiesE) operational strategiesAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-14) ________ should be market oriented and defined in terms of ________.A) Annual plans; product needsB) Strategic plans; company needsC) Long-range plans; company needsD) Mission statements; customers' needsE) Objectives; competitors' threatsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-15) All of the following are accurate guidelines for a company's mission statement EXCEPT which one?A) A mission statement should be realistic.B) A mission statement should be narrow.C) A mission statement should emphasize the company's strengths in the marketplace.D) A mission statement should be specific.E) A mission statement should motivate employees.Answer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-16) A company's mission statement serves as a statement of ________.A) factB) valuesC) purposeD) financial goalsE) employee commitmentAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 39AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-17) Which of the following is NOT a market-oriented business definition?A) "to make the Internet buying experience fast, easy, and enjoyable"B) "to sell tools and home repair and improvement items"C) "to deliver low prices every day"D) "to be the guardian of our customers' financial dreams"E) "to bring aspiration and innovation to every athlete in the world"Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-18) All of the following are examples of product-orientedmission statements, EXCEPT which one?A) "We provide online services."B) "We run theme parks."C) "We sell shoes."D) "We sell lifestyle and self-expression; success and status; memories, hopes, and dreams."E) "We rent hotel rooms."Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-19) Which of the following is the principle objective of a market-oriented mission statement?A) to satisfy basic customer needsB) to satisfy basic supplier needsC) to satisfy basic stockholder needsD) to satisfy basic owner needsE) to satisfy basic partnership needsAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 39Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-110) The collection of businesses and products that make upa company is called its ________.A) strategic business unitB) mission statementC) strategic planD) business portfolioE) operational factorAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-211) Which of the following can be a company division, a product line within a division, or sometimes a single product or brand?A) a marketB) the BCGC) an SBUD) a PLCE) a value delivery networkAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-212) After management has identified the key businesses making up its company, what is the next step in portfolio analysis?A) identifying businesses in which to investB) assessing the attractiveness of its SBUsC) deciding whether to harvest any businessesD) completing short-range planningE) identifying SBUsDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-213) The best known product portfolio planning method was developed by ________.A) the Boston Consulting GroupB) Philip KotlerC) Harvard UniversityD) the SRI Consulting FirmE) James P. HessAnswer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-214) Most portfolio analysis methods evaluate SBUs on two dimensions, namely ________ and ________.A) market share; strength of the SBU's positionB) market diversification; relative market shareC) market or industry attractiveness; strength of the SBU's positionD) market growth rates; profitsE) market penetration; market developmentAnswer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-215) In the Boston Consulting Group approach, ________ provides a measure of market attractiveness.A) relative market shareB) market developmentC) market penetrationD) market growth rateE) market segmentationAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-216) In the Boston Consulting Group approach, ________ serves as a measure of company strength in the market.A) relative market shareB) market developmentC) market diversificationD) market growth rateE) market segmentationDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-217) The BCG growth-share matrix classifies four types off SBUs. They are ________ , ________ , ________ , and ________.A) product; price; promotion; placementB) sales; market share; price; promotionC) stars; cash cows; question marks; dogsD) planning; implementing; leading; controllingE) market penetration; market development; product development; diversificationAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-218) In the BCG approach, ________ are high-share, high-growth businesses or products. They need heavy investment to finance rapid growth. When their growth slows down, they turn into________.A) cash cows; starsB) question marks; dogsC) stars; question marksD) stars; cash cowsE) dogs; cash cowsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-219) ________ are low-growth, high share businesses or products. They generate a lot of cash that the firm uses to pay its bills and support other SBUs that need investment.A) StarsB) Cash cowsC) Question marksD) DogsE) CatsAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-220) The four possible strategies that can be pursued for each SBU are building, holding, ________, and ________.A) harvesting; divestingB) promoting; sellingC) downsizing; expandingD) diversifying; penetratingE) developing; growingAnswer: ADiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-221) Which of the following is a useful tool for identifyinggrowth opportunities?A) the BCG matrixB) the business portfolioC) the product/market expansion gridD) the value chainE) the value delivery networkAnswer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 43Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-222) Starbucks has introduced a debit card that lets customers prepay for coffee and snacks. This effort by Starbucks management is an example of ________.A) market developmentB) product developmentC) diversificationD) market penetrationE) product adaptationAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 43-45AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-223) While a valuable planning tool, a problem with using the BCG matrix centers is that it focuses on ________A) the future instead of the presentB) the present instead of the futureC) financial issues instead of the customerD) the customer instead of suppliersE) the past instead of the presentAnswer: BDiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-224) A common practice among marketers is to identify and develop new markets for their existing products. This practice is called ________.A) market developmentB) product developmentC) market penetrationD) market skimmingE) dual adaptationAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 45Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-225) Which of the following entails reducing the business portfolio by eliminating products that no longer fit the company's overall strategy?A) market segmentationB) the BCG approachC) product line extensionD) downsizingE) market redesignAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 46Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-226) The process of customer-driven marketing involves which of the following?A) product; price; promotion; adaptationB) market segmentation; target marketing; differentiation; positioningC) marketing analysis; planning; implementation; feedbackD) analysis; targeting; implementation; controlE) problem identification; information search; decision; implementationAnswer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 49Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-427) Today the four Ps are compared to the four Cs. Product and place are called ________ and ________, respectively.A) convenience; customer solutionB) customer cost; convenienceC) communication; customer solutionD) customer solution; convenienceE) communication; convenienceAnswer: DDiff: 3 Page Ref: 52Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-428) In a basic SWOT analysis, the "S" stands for ________.A) situationB) solutionsC) satisfactionsD) strengthsE) strategyAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-529) In SWOT analysis, which of the following refers to factors in the external environment?A) strengthsB) strategiesC) weaknessesD) opportunitiesE) trendsAnswer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-530) "At Nike, we sell shoes" is a market-oriented business definition.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 40AACSB: Reflective ThinkingSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-131) The major activity in strategic planning is strategic business unit planning, whereby management evaluates the products and businesses making up the company.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-232) The purpose of strategic planning is to find ways in which your company can best use its strengths to take advantage of attractive opportunities in the environment.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 41Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-233) In the BCG matrix, "dogs" are low-growth businesses and products that do not generate enough cash to maintain themselves.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 42Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-234) When a firm finds products or businesses that no longer fit its overall strategy, it must carefully milk, harvest, or better develop them.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 46Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-235) A market segment consists of consumers who respond in different ways to a given set of marketing efforts.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 49Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-436) When a company positions its product, it should first identify possible customer value differences within a market segment that could be the basis of a competitive advantage for the product.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 50Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-437) The marketing mix consists of product, price, place, positioning, and promotion.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 48AACSB: Analytic SkillsSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-438) The four marketing management functions are analysis, planning, implementation, and control.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 53Skill: ConceptObjective: 2-539) Define strategic planning. Discuss the steps involved.Answer: The process of developing and maintaining a strategic fit between the organization's goals and capabilities and its marketing opportunities is called strategic planning. At the outset, beginning at the corporate level, each company must define its overall purpose and mission. What is our business? Who is the customer? What do our customers value? Answers to these questions are crucial in writing a clear mission statement. Mission statements need to be carefully defined in terms of customer needs. Missions should be realistic, motivating, and fit the market environment. Missions then lead to setting business and marketing objectives/goals in the planning process. This is followed by decisions regarding what portfolio of businesses and products is best for thecompany and how much support to give each one. Next,each business and product develops detailed marketing and other functional strategies. In this step, plans are drawn at the business unit, product, and market levels in support of company wide plans.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 38AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ConceptObjective: 2-140) Define marketing strategy. Discuss the steps in formulating marketing strategy.Answer: The marketing logic by which a company hopes to achieve profitable relationships is called its marketing strategy. Marketing strategy formulation entails four specific steps: market segmentation, market targeting, differentiation, and positioning. The process of dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics, or behavior is called market segmentation. Market targeting involves evaluating each market segment's attractiveness and selecting one or more segments to enter. A company should target segments in which it can profitably generate the greatest customer value and sustain that value over time. Effective positioning begins with actually differentiating the company's marketing offer so that it gives consumers greater value. Positioning is defined as creating a distinct image of a product in the eyes of target consumers. A product's positioning should take advantage of a competitive advantage within the market target.Diff: 3 Page Ref: 48-49AACSB: CommunicationSkill: ApplicationObjective: 2-4。

营销战略答案完整版

营销战略答案完整版

1、在科特勒第11版?营销管理?著作中,作者引用了美国营销协会关于营销的定义“营销是方案和执行关于商品、效劳和创意的观念、定价、促销和分销,以创造符合个人和组织目的的交换的过程〞。

而在第12版的?营销管理?著作中,作者那么引用了美国营销协会新的定义“营销是一项有组织的活动,它包括创造价值、将价值沟通输送给顾客,以及维系管理公司与顾客间关系,从而使得公司及其相关者受益的一系列过程〞。

谈谈这种转变的意义。

一、答:第11版中的定义指出市场营销管理是一个包括分析、方案、执行和控制的过程它涵盖理念、商品和劳务它以交换为墓础备它的目的是满足各方需要其本质是裕求管理,是基于普通核心概念之上的需要、欲望和需求产品效用、费用和满足交换、交易和关系市场市场营销和市场营销者。

在第12版中,定义更加注重对产品价值与顾客之间的关系,在满足客户需要的同时,也同样注重对客户的导向,刺激顾客需求,不仅让商品满足需求,更要让商品具有价值。

前一定义在的目的是个人和组织目的的交换,后者那么改为例外使公司及利益相关者收益。

这个变化说明营销从一种个人的行为,想一个公司或者企业的团队a力量转变,变得更加有组织性,一致性。

一个企业始终秉承一种企业文化和营销方式。

前一定义中对营销的动作是定价促销和分销,后一定一种变为创造价值、将价值沟通输送给顾客,以及维系管理公司与顾客间关系,是将营销价值化了,创造价值,并且将创造出来的价值进展运作,输送给顾客,得到顾客的认可,维系管理公司与顾客关系,代表着进入了关系营销时代,在营销活动中建立关系网,形成营销链,成为了当代营销的主流。

2、营销战略被一些商业院校作为营销专业的一门专业课,但其理论体系又与企业战略和市场营销有着严密的关系甚至有较多的穿插。

你认为营销战略这门课是否重要?假设让你讲授这门课,你会讲授哪些内容,怎么讲解这些内容?第一问:营销战略作为企业战略理论的延伸,是企业战略管理体系中的重要组成部分,通常被界定为一种职能战略。

《科特勒 市场营销原理 第13版 笔记和课后习题详解》读书笔记思维导图

《科特勒 市场营销原理  第13版 笔记和课后习题详解》读书笔记思维导图

第Ⅰ篇 定义市场营销和市场营 销过程
第1章 营销: 创造和获取顾
客价值
第2章 公司战 略与营销战略: 合作建立客 户...
1.1 复习笔记
1.2 课后习题 详解
2.1 复习笔记
2.2 课后习题 详解
第Ⅱ篇 理解市场和消费者
第3章 分析市场营销 环境
第4章 管理市场营销 信息获得顾客洞察
第5章 消费者市场与 消费者购买行为
02
第Ⅱ篇 理解市场和消 费者
04 第Ⅳ篇 拓展市场营销
本书是的科特勒《市场营销原理》教材的配套辅导书,主要包括以下内容:(1)整理名校笔记,浓缩内容 精华。本书每章的复习笔记均对该章的重难点进行了整理,并参考了国内名校名师讲授该教材的课堂笔记。因此, 本书的内容几乎浓缩了该教材的所有知识精华。(2)解析课后习题,提供详尽答案。本书参考大量市场营销原理 相关资料对该教材的课(章)后习题进行了详细的分析和解答,并对相关重要知识点进行了延伸和归纳。
第8章 产 品、服务和 品牌:构建 顾客价值
03
第9章 新 产品开发与 产品生命周 期战略
04
第10章 定 价:理解和 获得消费者 价值
06
第12章 营 销渠道:递 送顾客价值
05
第11章 定 价战略
1
第13章 零售 与批发
第14章 沟通 2
顾客价值:整 合营销沟通战 略
3
第15章 广告 与公共关系
最新版读书笔记,下载可以直接修改
《科特勒 市场营销原理 第13版 笔记和课后习题
详解》
思维导图PPT模板
本书关键字分析思维导图
第章
名校
复习
顾客
精华
战略
分析

《市场营销学》课后习题及答案

《市场营销学》课后习题及答案

《市场营销学》课后习题及答案在市场营销学课程中,课后习题对于学生的学习和理解课堂内容起着非常重要的作用。

习题能够帮助学生巩固所学知识,并检验他们对于市场营销的理解程度。

本文将为读者提供一组市场营销学课后习题,并附上详细的答案。

1. 什么是市场营销?市场营销是指企业通过市场调研、产品定位、定价、渠道选择、促销和服务等手段,满足顾客需求,实现企业利润最大化的一种管理活动。

答案:市场营销是通过各种手段满足顾客需求,实现企业利润最大化的一种管理活动。

2. 请简述市场营销的四个基本要素。

答案:市场营销的四个基本要素包括产品、价格、渠道和促销。

产品是指企业所提供的具体产品或服务。

价格是指产品或服务的价格定位。

渠道是指产品销售和分发的渠道。

促销是指通过广告、促销活动等手段,增加产品销售的行为。

3. 市场营销策略有哪些?答案:市场营销策略包括市场细分、目标市场选择、定位和差异化策略。

市场细分是将市场划分为不同的市场细分,并选择最有利的细分市场。

目标市场选择是从市场细分中选择最有潜力的市场作为目标市场。

定位是确定产品在目标市场中的位置和形象。

差异化策略是通过产品特点、品质、服务等方面与竞争对手产生差异。

4. 请简述市场营销环境对企业营销活动的影响。

答案:市场营销环境是指外部因素对企业营销活动的影响。

市场营销环境包括宏观环境和微观环境。

宏观环境包括经济环境、政治环境、社会环境、技术环境等。

微观环境包括顾客、竞争对手、供应商、中介机构等。

市场营销环境对企业营销活动有重要影响,企业需要根据环境变化及时调整市场营销策略。

5. 市场调研的重要性是什么?答案:市场调研是了解市场需求和竞争现状的重要手段。

通过市场调研,企业可以了解顾客需求、竞争对手的策略、市场的潜力和趋势等信息。

市场调研可以帮助企业制定适合市场的产品定位、定价、促销策略等,从而提高企业的竞争力和市场份额。

6. 请简述市场定位的意义。

答案:市场定位是企业确定产品在目标市场中的位置和形象。

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第1章营销:管理有价值的顾客关系1. “顾客价值和满意”是了解市场和消费者需求的五大核心概念之一,其他四项核心概念是什么?这五个概念中有没有一个概念比其他概念更重要?说出支持你答案的理由。

答:(1 )其他四个核心概念是:①需要、欲望和需求:②营销供给物(产品、服务和体验):③交换和关系:④市场。

它们与“顾客价值和满意”共同构成了了解市场和消费者需求的五大核心概念,其具体定义如下:需要(need )是指人们感到缺乏的一种状态,包括:对食物、衣服、保暖和安全的基本物质需要:对归属感和情感的社会需要:对知识和自我实现的个人需要:等等。

这些需要不是营销员创造的,而是人类所固有的。

欲望(want )是由需要派生出来的一种形式,它受社会文化和人们个性的限制。

当考虑到支付能力的时候,欲望就转换为需求(demand )。

营销供给物(marketing offer)是提供给某个市场未满足某种需要和欲望的产品、服务、信息和体验的组合。

交换(exchange )是指从他人那里取得想要的物品,同时以某种物品作为回报的行为。

市场(market )指某种产品的实际购买者和潜在购买者的集合。

这些购买者都具有某种欲望或需要,并且能够通过交换得到满足。

( 2 )这五个概念,并没有哪个明显的比另外的概念更重要,但如果非要选择一个最为重要的概念出来,那么可以认为“市场”这一概念是重中之重。

因为市场是所有营销任务的最基本的关注点和目标。

而营销的核心就是基于这样的一个理念:存在一个市场,它是某种产品的实际购买者和潜在购买者的集合,这些购买者都具有某种欲望或需要,并且能够通过交换得到满足。

2. 比较下列两种营销管理理念:“推销观念”和“营销观念”。

你能举出一个仍然把“推销观念”作为营销管理理念的市场或市场类型吗?答:( 1 )推销观念(selling concept )的基本假设是:如果组织不进行大规模的促销和推销,顾客就不会购买足够多的产品。

营销观念(marketing concept )认为,实现组织目标的关键在于正确确定目标市场的欲望和需要,并比竞争者更有效地满足顾客的欲望和需要。

在营销观念下,得到顾客的关注和顾客价值才是销售和获利之路。

推销观念和营销观念很容易混淆,二者的比较如图1 1 所示。

起点中心方法终点工厂现有产品推销和促销通过销售量获利销售观念市场顾客需要整合营销通过顾客满意获利营销观念图1 1 推销观念与营销观念的比较推销观念是由内向外进行的,它起始于工厂,强调公司当前的产品,进行大量的推销和促销以便获利,着眼点在于政府顾客,追求短期利益,从而忽视了谁是购买者及为什么购买的问题。

与此相反,营销观念是由外向内进行的。

营销观念起始于明确定义的市场,强调顾客的需要,协调影响顾客的所有营销活动,按照顾客的价值和满意状况建立与顾客长期的互惠关系并由此获利。

( 2 )推销观念在非寻求类商品(unsought goods )的生产商中尤为盛行。

所谓非寻求类商品是指在正常情况下,顾客不想购买的商品,例如百科全书或保险。

在这类行业中,公司必须善于追踪可能的购买者,向他们灌输产品的种种优点以完成销售。

此外,大多数公司在生产能力过剩时都遵循推销观念,它们的目标是售出所制造的产品而非市场需要的产品。

由于这种观念强调销售的交易而非与顾客建立长期的互惠关系,所以,营销活动具有很大的风险。

在现实中,很少有人再说自己运用的是“推销观念”了,而实际上他们遵循的正是地地道道的“推销观念”。

比如当今中国的保险业市场。

通常如果没有推销员的推销,保险产品是很难卖出去的。

因此,很多保险公司仍然信奉“推销观念”具有其一定的合理性。

与此相对,目前中国的家电行业市场有时候就显得不那么合理了。

众多的家电厂商不是根据中国消费者的需要而生产相应的产品,而是看国外尤其是欧美发达国家市场上有了什么产品,就生产什么产品,或者是根据自己的技术决定生产什么产品。

有人甚至说,在中国,80% 的企业还处于“推销观念”甚至“产品观念”。

3. 客户忠诚和维系方案在建立客户关系和客户资产时非常重要。

讨论为什么像Von' s 和Kroger ’s 这样的全美连锁商店会选择“俱乐部”方案而不是“常客”方案。

答:客户忠诚和维系方案是指在维系顾客和建立顾客忠诚度时采用的方法和手段。

因此,客户忠诚和维系方案因公司而异,并且随着时间的推移,将会有更多更好的方案不断推陈出新。

Von' s 和Kroger ’s 是著名的美国全国性连锁商店。

它们主要经营健康食品、药品等跟日常生活密切相关的商品零售。

在美国竞争激烈的零售市场中,Von' s 和Kroger ’s 的核心竞争力就在于它们更贴近老白姓的生活,倾向于一种“情感诉求”。

“常客”方案通常指的就是重视“经常来的老顾客”,并对其提供优惠政策,以维系其忠诚度的措施。

例如航空公司为经常搭乘飞机或里程数达到一定额度的旅客提供免费机票或免费从经济舱换至头等舱。

而“俱乐部”营销即是指企业通过组建俱乐部吸收会员参加,并提供适合会员需要的服务,培养企业的忠诚顾客,以此获得经营利益的营销方式。

Von' s 和Kroger ’s 之所以选择“俱乐部”方案而不是“常客”方案是因为对于像连锁店或折扣店这类企业来说,俱乐部能给顾客提供很多优惠和便利之处。

例如,俱乐部会员制能对某些特定的商品给予会员购买折扣,而这种折扣并不以购买的频繁程度或者购买的数量大小为依据。

其次,俱乐部会员制的好处是能收集有价值的客户信息,这些信息可以帮助企业更好的理解顾客的需要、欲望和需求。

例如,这些客户数据可以用来区分客户的特殊需求并予以满足,进而更加巩固企业与客户之间的关系。

4. “今天,大多数营销人员认识到他们并不是想和任何顾客连接。

”你同意这句话吗?为什么?哪个公司更可能遵守这个信条,沃尔玛还是保时捷?答:(1)同意。

在当今这个时代,大部分的营销者都意识到这样一个事实:他们的产品不可能吸引所有的任何一个顾客,而只能吸引有限的顾客群体。

而力图吸引目标市场之外的顾客的尝试将是得不偿失的,因为每与一个顾客进行一次连接,公司都会花费一定的营销成本。

而与此同时,每次连接的效果却因为每位顾客而不同,并且每位顾客给营销者带来的收益也不相同。

现在,公司在寻找一些崭新方式为顾客让渡更多的价值,还仔细评价顾客带给公司的价值,它们希望只同那些能让公司赢利的顾客连接。

一旦找到那些赢利性的顾客,公司就可以创建一些更有吸引力的产品或服务,专门为顾客提供一些服务,以吸引这些顾客并赢得他们的忠诚。

对于那些不能为其带来赢利的顾客,如果公司无法将他们转化为能让公司赢利的顾客,那么它也许应该放弃那些不讲理或不值得浪费那么多成本去服务的顾客。

( 2 )对于沃尔玛和保时提而言,两者都可能遵守这个信条,但是由于保时提购买群体的特殊性,这一信条对它更有意义。

保时提作为高档豪华轿车品牌,它的顾客只针对一小部分高端消费人群,因此它必须放弃掉一部分消费者而专注于为其目标客户服务。

只有这样保时提才能在控制成本的情况下便顾客满意,进而维持良好的客户关系。

5. 与组织内其他部门合作可以为顾客创造更大价值,这是否有道理?简单描述一下与人力资源部门合作能怎样增加客户价值。

答:(1)有道理。

因为作为创造顾客价值的营销活动,决不仅仅是营销部门的事,而是全体公司上下必须统一行动才能完成的任务。

现代企业组织应当具有的市场营销意识,就是要求组织内所有部门、所有员工都要以一种营销的态度来完成自己的工作,同时要围绕市场或顾客需求来展开部门间的合作,以便为顾客创造更大的价值。

(2 )对于市场营销部门而言,与人力资源部门合作可以促使其更好地完成营销任务。

比如,人力资源部门能够为营销部门选拔更优秀的营销人员,能够培训更好更多的服务人员,从而有助于营销队伍的建设和提高客户服务质量。

又比如现在很多企业部借在各大专院校招聘之机大力宣传自己的公司品牌,以提升其企业形象,这也是营销部门和人力资源部门合作的一个范例。

6. 营销过程中第五步是为组织获取价值、利润和客户资产。

列出为组织创造价值的营销过程中的四个客户价值创造步骤。

这个营销过程是否重复?答:(1)这四个客户价值创造步骤分别是:①了解市场及顾客需求和欲望:②涉及顾客驱动的营销战略:③构建传递卓越价值的营销方案:④建立有利可图的关系,并使顾客满意。

(2 )这个过程是循环重复的。

这是因为,①营销是一个连续的过程。

建立客户关系是长期的,而不是随着一笔交易的完成而结束。

只有通过长期持续不断的营销,企业才能持续发展。

②市场和客户需求是在不停变化的。

同一个市场,随着时间的推移,可能会出现截然不同的特点:同一个客户,可能随着其境遇的变化而有了不同的需求。

营销者必须随时监控这些变化,因而必须不停地了解市场及顾客需求和欲望,进一步地制定战略、方案,建立新的有利可图的顾客关系。

二、概念应用1. 本章讨论了顾客价值和满意的概念,基于这些知识,是否能推论如果你增加顾客对产品的感受价值,则顾客满意也会相应增加?在什么情况下这可能不成立?答:(1)基于顾客价值和满意的知识,可以认为通常情况下,如果增加顾客对产品的感受价值,则顾客满意也会相应增加。

当然,并不是时时如此。

顾客通常根据自己对产品和服务的感知价值形成期望,并且做出相应的购买决策。

而顾客满意的增加不仅取决于感受价值给顾客带来的满意,还取决于实际产品给顾客带来的利益超过顾客所花费的所有成本。

(2 )不成立情况的一个简单的例子便是人们去观看一场电影。

在电影正式放映之前,人们的感受价值会非常高,特别是当这部电影做了大量的宣传和预告,有著名的演员和吸引人的主题以及得到大多数人的高度推荐的时候。

但是当观看电影之时发现其并没有达到之前的预期,在这种情况下,顾客满意并不会增加。

2. 一家移动电话公司总共花费148. 5 美元未获取一位新用户:新用户平均每月在通信和相关服务上的支出是60 美元:用户使用该公司服务的期限预期为25 个月,每个月公司的利润率为18%。

这个用户对移动电话公司的顾客终身价值是多少?答:“顾客终生价值”(Customer Lifetime Value )指的是每个购买者在未来可能为企业带来的收益总和。

这个用户对移动电话公司的顾客终身价值是121. 5 美元,计算如下:60 ×25 ×18% 148. 5二121. 5 (美元)三、技术聚焦1. 顾客终身价值的基本前提是什么?2. 提出你自己对“顾客终身价值”概念的价值的意见。

3. 这个例子包含了非业务指标,这是否合理?为什么?答:1. 顾客终身价值的基本前提是和顾客保持长期的关系。

好的客户关系管理能创造客户满意。

反过来,让顾客满意保证了顾客的忠诚度并促使他向其他人推荐该公司及其产品。

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