3.28主谓一致

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主谓一致三原则

主谓一致三原则

• 二、功能与用法
• 在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵 循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和 就近一致。“语法一致”也就是平常说的 从语法形式上取得一致,即主语为单数形 式,谓语动词也采用单数形式;主语为复 数形式,谓语动词亦为复数形式。“意义 一致”就是从意义着眼来处理主谓语一致 问题。有时,主语形式为单数,但意义为 复数,谓语动词依意义而定,也采用复数 形式。“就近一致”是指谓语动词的人称 和数往往和其最近的主语保持一致。
• 1. 由here, there, where 等引导的倒装句中, (有时主语不止一个时)谓语动词与靠近它的 主语在数上一致.如: • 2. 用连词or, either... or, neither...nor, not only...but also 等连接的并列主语, 谓语动词 与靠近它的主语在数上一致。 • 注意: one of +复数名词+who/that/which 引 导的定语从句中, 定语从句的动词为复数。 The only one of +复数名词+ who/that./which 引导的定语从句中,定语从句的动词应为 单数。
• 2. 用and连接的并列主语,如果主语是同一个 人,同一事,同一概念, 谓语动词用单数, 否则 用复数. 如: • The poet and writer has come.那位诗人兼作 家来了.(一个人) • A hammer and a saw are useful tools.锤子和 锯都是有用的工具. (两样物) • 用and连接的成对名词习惯上被看成是一个 整体, 如:bread and butter(黄油抹面包), knife and fork(刀叉)等做主语时, 谓语动词用单数。
(二)意义一致原则

完整版英语语法主谓一致

完整版英语语法主谓一致

主谓一致 1.主谓一致是指英语中谓语在人称、数及意义方面要与作主语的名词或代词一致。

2.主谓一致分为语法一致、意义一致、就近一致。

)语法一致原则:主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。

主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语(1 为复数,谓语用复数。

I often help him and he often helps me.)意义一致原则:主语和谓语在意义上单复数一致。

主语为单数,谓语用单数;主语为(2 复数,谓语用复数。

The police are searching the woods for the murderer.)就近一直原则:当主语有两个或两个以上时,谓语动词由靠近它的主语确定。

3(并列主语的谓语一致1.Andand连接,表示不同概念时,谓语用发复数。

(1)两个单数名词用Tom and Jack are close friends. 连接,表示同一歌人、同一个物,同一个概念,或表示不可分割)两个单数名词用and(2 的整体时,谓语用单数。

The singer and dancer is to attend our evening party.连接时,谓语仍用单数,其中,and等限定的单数名词由many a,no(3)被every,each,后一个限定词可以省略。

many …………andno……and……no, many a,……every ……and every,each……and……each 。

aEach boy and (each) girl has an apple.连接的并列形容词修饰时,可以指一件事或几件事,这种)一个单数名词被几个用4and(名词作主语,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数。

Simple and plain living is a fine quality.生活简朴一种优良品质。

Ancient and modern history are the subjects we are studying.what的从句作主语时,要根据意义一致的原则决定单复数)由and连接的两个(5 (言行不一致)What he says and does do not agree.What he says and does does not concern me.谓语动词常和邻近连接的并列主语,2.由either or, neither nor, not but, not only but also,or, nor 的主语一致。

英语语法原则主谓一致三原则

英语语法原则主谓一致三原则

英语语法原则主谓一致三原则主谓一致三原则是指形式一致原则,意义一致原则,临近一致原则,小编在这里整理了相关资料,希望能帮助到您。

主谓一致三原则1. 形式一致的原则一般说来,当作主语的名词或代词是第三人称单数时,谓语动词就用单数形式;当作主语的名词或代词是复数时,谓语动词就复数形式:如:(1) He likes skating in winter.他喜欢冬天滑冰。

(2) Alice reads much.艾利斯看了很多书。

(3) They don’t live here.他们不住这里。

2. 意义一致的原则英语中,有些名词或代词形式上是单数,而意义上可能是复数,这时,谓语动词的形式就须依据名词或代词的意义决定。

如:(1) People there were very glad to see our team win the match.在那里的人们看到我们队赢了比赛时都非常高兴。

(2) His family were watching TV when I got to his home.我到他家时,他家的人在看电视。

(3) Our class are working hard to make ours a good class.我们班的同学都在努力工作以便是我们班成为优秀班。

3. 邻近一致的原则英语中,有时几个名词或代词有某些此连接起来一起作句子的主语,此时,谓语动词的形式就须有与之最接近的名词或代词的人称和数决定。

如:(1) There is a desk and five chairs in his room.他房间里有一张办公桌和五把椅子。

(2) There are five chairs and a desk in his room.他房间里有五把椅子和一张办公桌。

(3) Either you or Li Lei is going to be sent there.要么是你要么是李蕾将被派到那里去。

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致语法总结

主谓一致是英语语法中的一个重要概念,它涉及到句子中的主语和谓语动词在数上的一致性。

在英语中,主语和谓语动词的数必须保持一致,否则就会产生语法错误。

本文将对主谓一致的规则进行详细的总结和解释。

一、主语的分类主语可以分为三类:名词、代词和句子。

根据主语的不同,谓语动词的数也会有所不同。

1.1 名词作主语当名词作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据名词的数来决定。

•单数名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:–The book is on the table.(书在桌子上。

)•复数名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:–Boys and girls are in the classroom.(男孩和女孩们在教室里。

)1.2 代词作主语代词作主语时,谓语动词的数也要根据代词的数来决定。

•单数代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

例如:–He is a teacher.(他是一名教师。

)•复数代词作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。

例如:–They are students.(他们是学生。

)1.3 句子作主语当整个句子作主语时,谓语动词的数要根据句子的需要来决定。

•使用“there be”结构的句子作主语时,谓语动词的数要与句中的名词一致。

例如:–There is a book on the table.(桌子上有一本书。

)•使用“it”作主语的句子,谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如:–It is raining.(正在下雨。

)二、谓语动词的数谓语动词的数要与主语的数保持一致。

根据主语的不同,谓语动词的数可以是单数或复数。

2.1 单数谓语动词当主语是单数时,谓语动词也要用单数形式。

例如:•The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。

)2.2 复数谓语动词当主语是复数时,谓语动词也要用复数形式。

例如:•Students study hard.(学生们学习努力。

)三、主谓一致的例外情况在某些情况下,主谓一致的规则会有例外。

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法主谓一致

初中英语语法——主谓一致一、主谓一致:主谓一致是指谓语动词与主语在人称和数上保持一致。

主谓一致必须遵循三原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致原则:指主语是单数形式,谓语动词用单数形式,主语是复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

例如:Tom is a good student. 汤姆是个好学生。

They often play football on the playground.他们经常在操场上踢足球。

2. 意义一致原则:指主语形式上为单数,但意义为复数,因此谓语动词用复数形式;或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义,这是谓语动词用单数形式。

例如: My family are having lunch now. 我们一家人现在正吃午饭。

Twenty dollars is too expensive for the book.这本书20 美元太贵了。

3. 就近一致原则:指谓语动词用单数形式还是用复数形式,取决于最靠近他的主语。

例如:Not only the teacher but also his students like playing football.不仅老师喜欢踢足球,而且他的学生也喜欢踢足球。

There is apenand some books on the desk.课桌上有一支钢笔和一些书。

二、主谓一致常考题型:1. 单数名词(代词),不可数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式,复数名词(代词)做主语,谓语用复数形式。

2. many a+单数名词做主语,意义虽为“许多”,但谓语要用单数形式。

例如: Many a student has been to Shanghai. 许多学生到过上海。

3. more thanone+单数名词做主语,谓语用单数。

例如: More than one student has ever been to Beijing.不止一个学生曾经去过北京。

4. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语做主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念,谓语用单数形式。

(完整word版)主谓一致

(完整word版)主谓一致

高中英语:主谓一致概论:谓语动词的数必须和主语的人称和数保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

在判定一个句子主谓语是否一致时,要遵循下列三个原则:语法一致、意义一致和就近一致。

近几年来,高考关于该内容的考查主要集中在意义一致、语法一致、承前一致以及就近一致几个方面。

考点:1。

谓语动词用单数的情况2. 谓语动词用复数的情况3。

谓语动词单复数视情况而定4. “名词(或代词)+介词短语"作主语时的主谓一致5. “名词(或代词)+of+名词”作主语时的主谓一致6. 定语从句中的主谓一致7. 就近原则&就前原则解析:一、语法一致原则:主语和谓语从语法形式上取得一致:主语是单数形式,谓语也采取单数形式;主语是复数形式,谓语亦采取复数形式.The number of errors was surprising。

We love our motherland 。

规则:1. 由and,both…and 连接两个单数名词谓语用复数,但当and连接的两个名词指同一个人,同一物,同一事,同一概念时谓语用单数.Both bread and butter were served for breakfast in this hotel.The teacher and writer is going to give us a talk.2. 由and 连接的前置并列修饰语+不可数名词做主语时,谓语用复数。

Good and bad meat in the market are sold out。

3. 凡由and连接两个带the(a或物主代词)的单数可数名词,谓语用复数,如果只有前一个名词带the(a 或物主代词)则谓语用单数。

The professor and the writer have published a few new books on radio。

The tenth and last chapter is written by a young man.4. every/each/no 修饰单数名词,以及and连接的两个有every/each/no修饰的单数名词做主语时,谓语用单数形式.如:Every boy and every girl is having sports now。

主谓一致语法及考点讲解 附练习题和详解

语法讲解:主谓一致在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

考点1:对语法一致原则的考查语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1. 主语是单数名词时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:His father is working on the farm.Two students are waiting for you in your office.The children were in the classroom two hours ago.考点2:对语法附加原则的考查主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,together with,except,but,like,as well as,rather than,more than,no less than,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。

如:Mr. Green,together with his wife and children,has come to China.Nobody but Jim and Mike was on the playground.Jack as well as his friends is ready to help you.She,like you and Tom,is very tall.考点3:对整体原则的考查主语从句、不定式短语、动名词短语以及表示时间、金钱、距离等量度的词作主语时,视为整体看待,谓语动词常用单数形式。

例如:To study English well is not easy.Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.What he said is very important for us all.Five dollars is enough.注意:由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

主谓一致知识讲解

主谓一致知识讲解一.主谓一致的基本原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则,就近原则二.各原则具体概述:1.语法一致原则:指主语为单数形式,谓语动词也用单数形式;主语为复数形式,谓语也用复数形式。

2.意义一致原则:指主语形式上是单数,但表达复数意义,那么谓语动词也要用复数形式;或主语形式上是复数形式,但却表达单数意义,那么谓语动词要用单数形式。

例如:My family were watching TV at 7 o’clock.My family has moved three times .3.就近原则:指谓语动词的人称和数由最靠近它的主语来决定。

例如:There is a man,two women and three children in the room.There are two women ,a man and three children in the room .三.谓语动词用单数的情况:1.可数名词单数及不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词要用单数。

2.more than one +单数名词做主语时,谓语动词用单数3.a/an+单数名词+or two 做主语,谓语用单数4.many a +单数名词做主语,谓语动词用单数5.某些以s结尾的单数名词,如:news,works,physics等,以及书名,戏剧名,报纸及国家名称做主语时,谓语用单数。

6.主语从句,动词不定式,动词ing 形式作主语时,谓语动词也用单数。

7.如果and 连接的两个词是指同一个人,同一事物或同一概念,这时两名词虽然由and 连接,但只有一个限定词,谓语动词要用单数。

例如:The teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。

My friend and lawyer has caught a bad cold.我的律师,也就是我的朋友,得了重感冒。

8.两个单数名词用and 连接表示不可分的整体做主语时,谓语用单数。

主谓一致语法总结表格

主谓一致语法总结表格在英语语法中,主谓一致是指主语与谓语在人称(第一人称、第二人称、第三人称)和数(单数、复数)上保持一致的规则。

正确使用主谓一致是建立良好语法基础的关键之一。

为了帮助大家更好地理解和掌握主谓一致的规则,下面总结了一张主谓一致语法表格。

| 主语 | 谓语 | 一致规则|| ----------- | ----------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ || 单数名词 | 单数动词 | 单数名词的主语与动词保持一致。

例如:The dog barks.(这只狗在叫。

) || 复数名词 | 复数动词 | 复数名词的主语与动词保持一致。

例如:The dogs bark.(这些狗在叫。

) || 不可数名词 | 单数动词 | 不可数名词作主语时,使用单数动词。

例如:Water is essential for life.(水对生命至关重要。

) || 第三人称单数 | 第三人称动词 | 第三人称单数主语与谓语动词保持一致。

例如:He speaks English.(他说英语。

) || 复合主语 | 复数动词 | 当有两个或更多的主语作为一个合成的主语时,使用复数动词。

例如:Bread and butter are my favorite breakfast.(面包和黄油是我最喜欢的早餐。

) || 由连接词连接 | 与连接词一致 | 连接词将多个主语连接在一起时,谓语动词与连接词后的主语一致。

例如:Mary and John are going to the party.(玛丽和约翰要去参加聚会。

) || 主语为人称代词 | 要与人称代词 | 人称代词作为主语时,谓语与其人称和数保持一致。

例如:She is reading a book.(她在读书。

) |在实际运用中,主谓一致语法规则可能会出现一些例外情况,特殊注意以下几点:1. 主语为复数名词,但看起来像是单数时,谓语动词应当使用单数形式。

初中英语知识点:主谓一致

初中英语知识点:主谓一致英语中的一致主要包括主语和谓语在人称和数上的一致、时态一致、名词和其代词的一致。

主语和谓语保持一致叫主谓一致,即谓语动词的形式必须随着主语单、复数形式的变化而变化。

主谓一致原则:1、语法上的一致所谓语法一致原则,即主语和谓语的语法形式在人称和数上取得一致。

谓语的单、复数形式依据主语的单、复数形式而定:主语为复数,谓语动词用复数;主语为单数或者是不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。

China belongs to the Third World. 中国属于第三世界。

We are sure he will come. 我们肯定他会来。

使用语法一致的情况(1)当主语是and,both…and连接的并列结构如果主语指的是两个或两个以上的人或物,则谓语动词用复数。

My mother and I have seen the film. 我妈妈和我已看过这部电影。

Both rice and wheat are grown in this part of China. 在中国的这个地方既种稻子又种小麦。

注意:由and连接的并列主语前面分别有each,every,no修饰时,其谓语动词用单数形式。

Every boy and every girl has to receive education in our country. 在我国每一个男女孩子都得受教育。

No student and no teacher was invited to the party. 师生没有被邀请参加晚会。

(2)主语后面接说明主语的修饰语主语后面接说明主语的修饰语如:with,along with,together with,as well as,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,in addition to,谓语动词不受修饰成分的影响,仍保持同主语一致的关系。

The teacher with two students was at the meeting. 那位老师和两个学生参加了会议。

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精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义 学员编号:CZ012435608 年 级:初三 课 时 数:3 学员姓名:陈怜恩 辅导科目:英语 学科教师: 朱梦佳

授课 类型 C(主谓一致原则) C (三个原则的分类) C (主谓一致检测)

授课日期时段 2014.3.28 10.10-12.10

教学内容

谓语受主语支配,须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这叫做主谓一致。主谓 一致一般遵循三条原则:语法一致原则,意义一致原则和就近一致原则。

1. 语法一致的原则 (1)以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数;主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如:① He goes to school early every morning. ② The children are playing outside. ③ To work hard is necessary for a student. (2)由and或both……and连接的并列成分作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: ① Both he and I are right. ② Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom. 但并列主语如果指的是同一人,同一事物或同一概念,谓语动词用单数。例如: ① His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. ② The poet and writer has come. (3)由and连接的并列单数主语之前如果分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要 用单数形式。例如: ① In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. ② Each man and each woman is asked to help. (4)主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数。例如: ① The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. ② Nobody but two boys was late for class. ③ Bread and butter is a daily food in the west. (5)一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数。例如: ① A lot of people are dancing outside. ② The police are looking for lost boy. (6)由each, some, any, no, every 构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数。如: ① Is everybody ready? ② Somebody is using the phone. (7)有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, scissors 等作 主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: ① Where are my shoes? I can’t find them. ② Your trousers are dirty. You’d better change them. 如果这类名词前用了a pair of等,则往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往 取决于pair的单复数形式。例如: ① Here are some new pairs of shoes. ② My new pair of socks is on the bed.

2. 意义一致的原则 (1)表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数。例如: ① Twenty years is not a long time. ② Ten dollars is too dear. (2)有些集合名词,如family, team等作主语时,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数;如指其中每个成员,则用复数。例如: ① My family is big one. ② My family are watching TV. (3)不定代词由all, most, more, some, any, none作主语时,也要依这些代词表示的意义来决定谓语动词的单复数形式。如果代词代表复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数;如果代词代表单数可数名词或不可数名词,谓语动词用单数。例如: ① All of the work has been finished. ② All of the people have gone. (4)疑问代词作主语时,其谓语动词也有两种情况:主语表示复数意义,谓语动词用 复数;主语表示单数意义,则谓语动词用单数。例如: ① Who is your brother? ② Who are League members? (5)―分数或百分数+of+名词‖构成的词组作主语时,其谓语动词要以of后面的名词 而定。名词是复数,谓语动词用复数:名词是单数,谓语动词用单数。例如: ① It is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. ② Three –fourths of the surface of the earth is sea. (6)half, the rest等表示不定数量的名词作主语时,如果所指为复数意义,动词用复数;如果所指为单数意义,动词用单数。例如: ① I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult. ② Only ten students attended the class because all the rest were off sick. (7)由what 引导地主于从句作主语时,通常谓语动词用单数形式。但如果所指内容 为复数意义时,谓语动词用复数形式。例如: ① What she said is correct. ② What she left me are a few old books. (8)凡是以―定冠词+形容词(或分词)‖作主语,往往根据意义一致的原则决定谓语动 词的单复数形式。如果这种主语指的是一类人,谓语动词用复数;如果指的是一 个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式。例如: ① The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. ② The dead is a famous person.

3. 邻近一致的原则 (1)由连词or, either……or, neither……nor, not only…but also,等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动词按就近一致原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。例如:① Either you or I am right. ② Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it. (2)在―There be‖ 句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 ① There are two apples and one egg in it. ② There is a pencil and two books on the desk。 (3)as well as 和名词连用时,谓语动词和第一个名词相一致。 ① He as well as I is responsible for it. 不但是我,他对这件事也有责任。 (4)以here开头的句子,其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 ① Here is a letter and some books for you.

1.(2010·黄冈中考)—David has been away for more than 25 days. --I miss him very much.You know ,25 days _______short. A.is B.isn’t C.are D.aren’t 2.(2010·十堰中考)Climbing hills _________of great help to our health. A.was B.were C.is D.are 3. (2010·宁夏中考)--- Have you got some water to drink? --- Here you are. There _______ still some in the bottle. A. are B. has C. is D. have 4. (2010·北京中考)The reading room _____ very quiet. I enjoy reading books there. A. am B. is C. are D. be 5.(2010·滨州中考)33. How time flies! Three years ____________ really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were 6.(2010·巴中中考)In our school libray, there____ a number of books on science and the number of them_____ growing larger and larger. A. is; are B. are; is C. have; is 8. (2009·宁夏中考) The woman behind the girls ________ a famous actress. A. is B. are C. have D. has 9. (2009·河北中考) The news ________ very interesting! Tell me more! A. is B. are C. were D. was 10. (2009·湛江中考) –He is a doctor and his brother is a doctor, too. –You mean both he and his brother ________ doctors, right? A. is B. be C. are D. was 11. (2009·德州中考) Either Eve or Herb ________ been invited by Lucy’s parents already. A. have B. has C. was D. were 12. (2009·新疆中考) –What do you think of what she did? -What she did still ________ us feel very sad now. A. makes B. make C. is making D. is made 13. (2009·深圳中考) -Which would you like, tea or coffee? -Either _______ ok, but I prefer coffee ________ milk. A. is; has B. are; with C. is; with D. are; has 14. (2009·宿迁中考) –What ________ the number of the students in your school? –About two thousand. A number of them _________ from England. A. is; are B. is; is C. are; is D. are; are 15. (2009·广东中考) Everyone except Tom and John ________ seen the film. A. is B. has C. are D. have 16. (2008·泸州中考) My name ________ Lucy. May I know your name? A. am B. is C. are 17. (2008·茂名中考) Some of my classmates _________ from other cities. A. comes B. is C. are -Let me count. The number of the students ________ about 400. A. are; is B. is; are C. are; are 19. (2008·攀枝花中考)Swimming in the pool with friends _________ very interesting. A. has B. have C. is D. are 20. (2008·漳州中考) –What’s on the table? -________ some bread on it. A. There is B. There are C. We are D. They are 21. (2008·烟台中考) The number of _________ in our class______ fifty. A. student; is B. the students; are C. the students; is D. students; are 22. (2008·宿迁中考) -Are you worried when your son often plays computer games?

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